1
|
Mishra M, Ahmed R, Das DK, Pramanik DD, Dash SK, Pramanik A. Recent Advancements in the Application of Circulating Tumor DNA as Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancers. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 38950521 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Early detection of cancer is vital for increasing patient survivability chances. The three major techniques used to diagnose cancers are instrumental examination, tissue biopsy, and tumor biomarker detection. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has gained much attention in recent years due to advantages over traditional technology, such as high sensitivity, high specificity, and noninvasive nature. Through the mechanism of apoptosis, necrosis, and circulating exosome release in tumor cells, ctDNA can spread throughout the circulatory system and carry modifications such as methylations, mutations, gene rearrangements, and microsatellite instability. Traditional gene-detection technology struggles to achieve real-time, low-cost, and portable ctDNA measurement, whereas electrochemical biosensors offer low cost, high specificity alongside sensitivity, and portability for the detection of ctDNA. Therefore, this review focuses on describing the recent advancements in ctDNA biomarkers for various cancer types and biosensor developments for real-time, noninvasive, and rapid ctDNA detection. Further in the review, ctDNA sensors are also discussed in regards to their selections of probes for receptors based on the electrode surface recognition elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Mishra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201301, India
| | - Rubai Ahmed
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda-732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Das
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, GLA University, Mathura, 281406 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sandeep Kumar Dash
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Malda-732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Arindam Pramanik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201301, India
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS53RL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mukherjee S, Mukherjee A, Bytesnikova Z, Ashrafi AM, Richtera L, Adam V. 2D graphene-based advanced nanoarchitectonics for electrochemical biosensors: Applications in cancer biomarker detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 250:116050. [PMID: 38301543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Low-cost, rapid, and easy-to-use biosensors for various cancer biomarkers are of utmost importance in detecting cancer biomarkers for early-stage metastasis control and efficient diagnosis. The molecular complexity of cancer biomarkers is overwhelming, thus, the repeatability and reproducibility of measurements by biosensors are critical factors. Electrochemical biosensors are attractive alternatives in cancer diagnosis due to their low cost, simple operation, and promising analytical figures of merit. Recently graphene-derived nanostructures have been used extensively for the fabrication of electrochemical biosensors because of their unique physicochemical properties, including the high electrical conductivity, adsorption capacity, low cost and ease of mass production, presence of oxygen-containing functional groups that facilitate the bioreceptor immobilization, increased flexibility and mechanical strength, low cellular toxicity. Indeed, these properties make them advantageous compared to other alternatives. However, some drawbacks must be overcome to extend their use, such as poor and uncontrollable deposition on the substrate due to the low dispersity of some graphene materials and irreproducibility of the results because of the differences in various batches of the produced graphene materials. This review has documented the most recently developed strategies for electrochemical sensor fabrication. It differs in the categorization method compared to published works to draw greater attention to the wide opportunities of graphene nanomaterials for biological applications. Limitations and future scopes are discussed to advance the integration of novel technologies such as artificial intelligence, the internet of medical things, and triboelectric nanogenerators to eventually increase efficacy and efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumajit Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Atripan Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Za Radnici 835, 252 41, Dolni Breznany, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bytesnikova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Amir M Ashrafi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Richtera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mondal S, Park S, Choi J, Vu TTH, Doan VHM, Vo TT, Lee B, Oh J. Hydroxyapatite: A journey from biomaterials to advanced functional materials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 321:103013. [PMID: 37839281 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp), a well-known biomaterial, has witnessed a remarkable evolution over the years, transforming from a simple biocompatible substance to an advanced functional material with a wide range of applications. This abstract provides an overview of the significant advancements in the field of HAp and its journey towards becoming a multifunctional material. Initially recognized for its exceptional biocompatibility and bioactivity, HAp gained prominence in the field of bone tissue engineering and dental applications. Its ability to integrate with surrounding tissues, promote cellular adhesion, and facilitate osseointegration made it an ideal candidate for various biomedical implants and coatings. As the understanding of HAp grew, researchers explored its potential beyond traditional biomaterial applications. With advances in material synthesis and engineering, HAp began to exhibit unique properties that extended its utility to other disciplines. Researchers successfully tailored the composition, morphology, and surface characteristics of HAp, leading to enhanced mechanical strength, controlled drug release capabilities, and improved biodegradability. These modifications enabled the utilization of HAp in drug delivery systems, biosensors, tissue engineering scaffolds, and regenerative medicine applications. Moreover, the exceptional biomineralization properties of HAp allowed for the incorporation of functional ions and molecules during synthesis, leading to the development of bioactive coatings and composites with specific therapeutic functionalities. These functionalized HAp materials have demonstrated promising results in antimicrobial coatings, controlled release systems for growth factors and therapeutic agents, and even as catalysts in chemical reactions. In recent years, HAp nanoparticles and nanostructured materials have emerged as a focal point of research due to their unique physicochemical properties and potential for targeted drug delivery, imaging, and theranostic applications. The ability to manipulate the size, shape, and surface chemistry of HAp at the nanoscale has paved the way for innovative approaches in personalized medicine and regenerative therapies. This abstract highlights the exceptional evolution of HAp, from a traditional biomaterial to an advanced functional material. The exploration of novel synthesis methods, surface modifications, and nanoengineering techniques has expanded the horizon of HAp applications, enabling its integration into diverse fields ranging from biomedicine to catalysis. Additionally, this manuscript discusses the emerging prospects of HAp-based materials in photocatalysis, sensing, and energy storage, showcasing its potential as an advanced functional material beyond the realm of biomedical applications. As research in this field progresses, the future holds tremendous potential for HAp-based materials to revolutionize medical treatments and contribute to the advancement of science and technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Mondal
- Digital Healthcare Research Center, Institute of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Park
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeop Choi
- Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior's Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Thu Ha Vu
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Vu Hoang Minh Doan
- Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior's Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Truong Tien Vo
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongil Lee
- Digital Healthcare Research Center, Institute of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junghwan Oh
- Digital Healthcare Research Center, Institute of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior's Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Ohlabs Corp., Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khan S, Cho WC, Sepahvand A, Haji Hosseinali S, Hussain A, Nejadi Babadaei MM, Sharifi M, Falahati M, Jaragh-Alhadad LA, Ten Hagen TLM, Li X. Electrochemical aptasensor based on the engineered core-shell MOF nanostructures for the detection of tumor antigens. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:136. [PMID: 37101280 PMCID: PMC10131368 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It is essential to develop ultrasensitive biosensors for cancer detection and treatment monitoring. In the development of sensing platforms, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have received considerable attention as potential porous crystalline nanostructures. Core-shell MOF nanoparticles (NPs) have shown different diversities, complexities, and biological functionalities, as well as significant electrochemical (EC) properties and potential bio-affinity to aptamers. As a result, the developed core-shell MOF-based aptasensors serve as highly sensitive platforms for sensing cancer biomarkers with an extremely low limit of detection (LOD). This paper aimed to provide an overview of different strategies for improving selectivity, sensitivity, and signal strength of MOF nanostructures. Then, aptamers and aptamers-modified core-shell MOFs were reviewed to address their functionalization and application in biosensing platforms. Additionally, the application of core-shell MOF-assisted EC aptasensors for detection of several tumor antigens such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), and other tumor markers were discussed. In conclusion, the present article reviews the advancement of potential biosensing platforms toward the detection of specific cancer biomarkers through the development of core-shell MOFs-based EC aptasensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Afrooz Sepahvand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Haji Hosseinali
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sharifi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Depatment of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Timo L M Ten Hagen
- Precision Medicine in Oncology (PrMiO), Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun Y, Pan R, Chen Y, Wang Y, Sun L, Wang N, Ma X, Wang GP. Efficient Preparation of a Magnetic Helical Carbon Nanomotor for Targeted Anticancer Drug Delivery. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2023; 3:94-102. [PMID: 37101464 PMCID: PMC10125355 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.2c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The applications of nanomotors in the biomedical field have been attracting extensive attention. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate nanomotors in a facile way and effectively load drugs for active targeted therapy. In this work, we combine the microwave heating method and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to fabricate magnetic helical nanomotors efficiently. The microwave heating method can accelerate intermolecular movement, which converts kinetic energy into heat energy and shortens the preparation time of the catalyst used for carbon nanocoil (CNC) synthesis by 15 times. Fe3O4 nanoparticles are in situ nucleated on the CNC surface by the microwave heating method to fabricate magnetically driven CNC/Fe3O4 nanomotors. In addition, we achieved precise control of the magnetically driven CNC/Fe3O4 nanomotors through remote manipulation of magnetic fields. Anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is then efficiently loaded onto the nanomotors via π-π stacking interactions. Finally, the drug-loaded CNC/Fe3O4@DOX nanomotor can accurately accomplish cell targeting under external magnetic field control. Under short-time irradiation of near-infrared light, DOX can be quickly released onto target cells to effectively kill the cells. More importantly, CNC/Fe3O4@DOX nanomotors allow for single-cell or cell-cluster-targeted anticancer drug delivery, providing a dexterous platform to potentially perform many medically relevant tasks in vivo. The efficient preparation method and application in drug delivery are beneficial for future industrial production and provide inspiration for advanced micro/nanorobotic systems using the CNC as a carrier for a wide range of biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Sun
- College
of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Boulevard, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Renjie Pan
- College
of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Boulevard, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yuduo Chen
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin
Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- Sauvage
Laboratory for Smart Materials, Harbin Institute
of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin
Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- Sauvage
Laboratory for Smart Materials, Harbin Institute
of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College
of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Boulevard, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Neng Wang
- College
of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Boulevard, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xing Ma
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin
Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- Sauvage
Laboratory for Smart Materials, Harbin Institute
of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Guo Ping Wang
- College
of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Boulevard, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zeng Q, Chen C, Chen C, Song H, Li M, Yan J, Lv X. Serum Raman spectroscopy combined with convolutional neural network for rapid diagnosis of HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 286:122000. [PMID: 36279798 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is common in women, and its number of patients ranks first among female malignant tumors. Breast cancer is highly heterogeneous, and different types of breast cancer have different biological behaviors and prognoses. Therefore, identifying the different types of breast cancer is of great help in formulating individualized treatment plans. Based on serum Raman spectroscopy and deep learning algorithms, we propose a fast and low-cost diagnosis method for screening triple-negative breast cancer, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, and healthy controls. We collected 75 serum samples in this study, including 23 triple-negative breast cancers, 22 HER2-positive breast cancers, and 30 healthy controls. Using the preprocessed Raman spectra as the input of deep learning, three deep learning models, neural network language model (NNLM), bidirectional long-short-term memory network (BiLSTM), and convolutional neural network (CNN), were established, and the accuracy rates of the three models were 87.78%, 90.37%, and 91.11%, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of serum Raman spectroscopy combined with deep learning algorithms to diagnose breast cancer, which can be used as an effective auxiliary diagnosis method for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang Zeng
- College of Information Science and Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Information Science and Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Xinjiang Cloud Computing Application Laboratory, Karamay 834099, China
| | - Haitao Song
- Department of Breast, Head and Neck Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Information Science and Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Junyi Yan
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xiaoyi Lv
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cheng Z, Li H, Chen C, Lv X, Zuo E, Han S, Li Z, Liu P, Li H, Chen C. Application of serum SERS technology based on thermally annealed silver nanoparticle composite substrate in breast cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 41:103284. [PMID: 36646366 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is currently a non-destructive and convenient method of cancer screening, due to human blood containing a variety of cancer-related biomolecules. Therefore, the development of an accurate and rapid breast cancer screening technique combined with breast cancer serum is crucial for the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer patients. In this study, the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique is used to enhance the Raman spectroscopy (RS) signal of serum based on a high sensitivity thermally annealed silver nanoparticle/porous silicon bragg mirror (AgNPs/PSB) composite substrate. Compared with RS, SERS reflects more and stronger spectral peak information, which is beneficial to discover new biomarkers of breast cancer. At the same time, to further explore the diagnostic ability of SERS technology for breast cancer. In this study, the raw spectral data are processed by baseline correction, polynomial smoothing, and normalization. Then, the relevant feature information of SERS and RS is extracted by principal component analysis (PCA), and five classification models are established to compare the diagnostic performance of SERS and RS models respectively. The experimental results show that the breast cancer diagnosis model based on the improved SERS substrate combined with the machine learning algorithm can be used to distinguish breast cancer patients from controls. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of the SVM model are 100%, 100%, 100% and 100%, respectively, as well as the training time of 4ms. The above experimental results show that the SERS technology based on AgNPs/PSB composite substrate, combined with machine learning methods, has great potential in the rapid and accurate identification of breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Cheng
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnic, No. 1342 Shiliang Road, Guangzhou Panyu 511483, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Information Science, Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xiaoyi Lv
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - EnGuang Zuo
- College of Information Science, Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Shibin Han
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Zhongyuan Li
- College of Information Science, Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Pei Liu
- College of Information Science, Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi 830054, China.
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Damavandi AR, Mirmosayyeb O, Ebrahimi N, Zalpoor H, khalilian P, Yahiazadeh S, Eskandari N, Rahdar A, Kumar PS, Pandey S. Advances in nanotechnology versus stem cell therapy for the theranostics of multiple sclerosis disease. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
9
|
Li H, Wang S, Zeng Q, Chen C, Lv X, Ma M, Su H, Ma B, Chen C, Fang J. Serum Raman spectroscopy combined with multiple classification models for rapid diagnosis of breast cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103115. [PMID: 36096439 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest incidence rate in women. Current diagnostic methods are time-consuming, costly, and dependent on physician experience. In this study, we used serum Raman spectroscopy combined with multiple classification algorithms to implement an auxiliary diagnosis method for breast cancer, which will help in the early diagnosis of breast cancer patients. We analyzed the serum Raman spectra of 171 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and 100 healthy volunteers; The analysis showed differences in nucleic acids, carotenoids, amino acids, and lipid concentrations in their blood. These differences provide a theoretical basis for this experiment. First, we used adaptive iteratively reweighted penalized least squares (airPLS) and Savitzky-Golay (SG) for baseline correction and smoothing denoising to remove the effect of noise on the experiment. Then, the Principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm was used to extract features. Finally, we built four classification models: support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and Neural Network Language Model (NNLM). The LDA, SVM, and NNLM achieve 100% accuracy. As supplementary, we added the classification experiment of the raw data. By comparing the experimental results of the two groups, We concluded that the NNLM was the best model. The results show the reliability of the combination of serum Raman spectroscopy and classification models under large sample conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Department of Breast, Head and Neck Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | | | - Qinggang Zeng
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; College of Information Science and Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Information Science and Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Xinjiang Cloud Computing Application Laboratory, Karamay 834099, China
| | - Xiaoyi Lv
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; College of Information Science and Engineering Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Mingrui Ma
- Department of Breast, Head and Neck Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Haihua Su
- Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Urumqi 830092, China
| | - Binlin Ma
- Department of Breast, Head and Neck Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China.
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| | - Jingjing Fang
- Department of Breast, Head and Neck Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
C.C.G. Carneiro M, Rodrigues LR, Moreira FT, Goreti F. Sales M. Paper-based ELISA for fast CA 15–3 detection in point-of-care. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
11
|
Wang Y, Zhao P, Zhang S, Zhu K, Shangguan X, Liu L, Zhang S. Application of Janus Particles in Point-of-Care Testing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090689. [PMID: 36140074 PMCID: PMC9496037 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Janus particles (JPs), named after the two-faced Roman god, are asymmetric particles with different chemical properties or polarities. JPs have been widely used in the biomedical field in recent years, including as drug carriers for targeted controlled drug release and as biosensors for biological imaging and biomarker detection, which is crucial in the early detection and treatment of diseases. In this review, we highlight the most recent advancements made with regard to Janus particles in point-of-care testing (POCT). Firstly, we introduce several commonly used methods for preparing Janus particles. Secondly, we present biomarker detection using JPs based on various detection methods to achieve the goal of POCT. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities for developing Janus particles in POCT. This review will facilitate the development of POCT biosensing devices based on the unique properties of Janus particles.
Collapse
|
12
|
Electrochemical Biosensors for Circulating Tumor DNA Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080649. [PMID: 36005048 PMCID: PMC9406149 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment have always been highly desired in the fight against cancer, and detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has recently been touted as highly promising for early cancer-screening. Consequently, the detection of ctDNA in liquid biopsy is gaining much attention in the field of tumor diagnosis and treatment, which has also attracted research interest from industry. However, it is difficult to achieve low-cost, real-time, and portable measurement of ctDNA in traditional gene-detection technology. Electrochemical biosensors have become a highly promising solution to ctDNA detection due to their unique advantages such as high sensitivity, high specificity, low cost, and good portability. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the latest developments in biosensors for minimally invasive, rapid, and real-time ctDNA detection. Various ctDNA sensors are reviewed with respect to their choices of receptor probes, designs of electrodes, detection strategies, preparation of samples, and figures of merit, sorted by type of electrode surface recognition elements. The development of biosensors for the Internet of Things, point-of-care testing, big data, and big health is analyzed, with a focus on their portable, real-time, and non-destructive characteristics.
Collapse
|
13
|
Dai Y, Tang Y, Huang W, Zhao Y, Gao X, Gu Y. Multi-modal imaging probe for EpCAM overexpressed in breast cancer. Talanta 2022; 250:123715. [PMID: 35868149 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a highly lethal and aggressive form of cancer. Early-stager diagnosis and intraoperative guidance are important endeavors for reducing associated morbidity and mortality among breast cancer patients. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is aberrantly expressed in the majority of breast carcinoma, making it an attractive imaging biomarker. Herein, we have designed novel EpCAM-targeting peptides (denoted as YQ-S) for precise breast carcinoma detection. The greater binding affinity of the designed peptide YQ-S2 over YQ-S1 and the reported peptide SNF was displayed on different cell lines with flow cytometry analysis, showing a positive correlation with the expression of EpCAM. Besides, YQ-S2 displayed an ideal biosafety profile with no evidence of any acute toxicity. Thus, YQ-S2 was chosen to represent YQ-S. By linking with the near-infrared fluorescent dye (MPA), we further developed the EpCAM-targeting probe (YQ-S2-MPA) for real-time imaging and fluorescence-guided resection of breast cancer tumors. In vivo imaging of the MCF-7 tumor-bearing model demonstrated higher tumor uptake of YQ-S2-MPA compared with that of SNF-MPA. The maximum tumor-to-normal tissue signal ratio of YQ-S2-MPA was 5.1, which was about 2 times that of SNF-MPA. Meanwhile, the metastatic lesions in 4T1 lung metastasis, and lymph node metastasis (LNM) mice were successfully detected under this imaging system. Notably, YQ-S2-MPA had excellent performance in surgical navigation studies in the preclinical models. Moreover, we exploited the 99mTc-HYNIC-YQ-S2 to localize EpCAM positive tumors successfully. These data proved that YQ-S2 can distinguish EpCAM-positive orthotopic and metastatic tumors from surrounding normal tissues accurately, and possesses the clinical potential as a surgical navigation probe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaxue Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yongjia Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wenjing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yueqing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Long J, Wang F, Zha G, Che K, Luo J, Deng Z. Colorimetric Aptasensor Based on Fe₃O₄-Cu 2+ Nanozyme with Intrinsic Peroxidase-Like Activity in the Detection of Breast Cancer Exosomes. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022; 18:1084-1096. [PMID: 35854455 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Because breast cancer cells such as MCF-7, exhibit vital and developmental signs by exosome secretion, diagnosing them in the blood can provide a good index of the presence of breast cancer. However, accurate and inexpensive detection of exosomes in clinical practice faces challenges. Therefore, in the presents study, an aptasensor based on CD63 aptameriron oxide-copper ion nanozymes (Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs) was designed with the ability of the CD63 aptamer to interact with the exosome and the release of the Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs for peroxidase-like activity on the tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). After fabrication of CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs based on hydrothermal method, their physicochemical properties were investigated with the SEM, TEM, DLS, Zeta, XRD and magnetization. To investigate the interaction of CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs with exosomes, the required exosomes were extracted from cultured MCF-7 cells. The performance of CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs on TMB degradation in the presence and absence of exosomes was investigated through UV-vis adsorption and ocular observations based on colour changes on laboratory and real samples. The results show that the absence of exosomes significantly inhibited the peroxidase-like activity of CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs due to the aptamer coating. Under optimal conditions, the designed CD63 aptamer-Fe₃O₄-Cu2+-NZs is capable of detecting exosomes in the range of 1.4 × 10⁴-5.6 × 105 particles/μL with a detection limit of 5.91 × 10³ particles/μL. Also, this method showed a satisfactory outcome in detection of cancer cells in real samples. Overall, this colorimetric aptasensor can be used to diagnose breast cancer cells based on a simple and inexpensive approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Long
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Guohua Zha
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Kaijun Che
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Jingfang Luo
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Deng
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou First People's Hospital, Fuzhou, 344000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shahbazi N, Zare-Dorabei R, Naghib SM. Design of a Ratiometric Plasmonic Biosensor for Herceptin Detection in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:871-879. [PMID: 35044154 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in women; therefore, its early detection and treatment are crucial. To achieve this goal, we designed an optical sensor based on direct interaction of trastuzumab [Herceptin (HER)], a monoclonal antibody used to treat HER2-positive breast cancer, with plasmonic nanoparticles. Surface-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained considerable attention in biosensing techniques over the last years, which actuated these nanoparticles to the heart of various biosensing notions. We have exploited the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold nanoparticles to determine HER in human serum. AuNPs were decorated with negatively charged citrate ions, yielding enhanced direct-surface interaction with HER antibodies. The AuNPs are mixed with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in an optimized ratio to increase selectivity and sensitivity further. AuNPs detect the HER antibodies using LSPR, whereas AgNPs help monitor interferences' effect on the sensing media. The three effective factors in HER sensing, including the nanoparticle ratio, temperature, and pH were optimized via response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD). The sensor's response toward HER was achieved in the linear range of 0.5 × 10-7 to 40 × 10-7 M with the detection limit of 3.7 × 10-9 M and relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 5%. The selectivity of the LSPR sensor was assessed by monitoring its response toward HER in the presence of other biological molecules with similar physicochemical properties. Rapid response time (less than 1 min), selectivity, and the simplicity of the developed LSPR-based sensor are the key advantages of the developed sensor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Shahbazi
- Research Laboratory of Spectrometry & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Rouholah Zare-Dorabei
- Research Laboratory of Spectrometry & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pradhan A, Lahare P, Sinha P, Singh N, Gupta B, Kuca K, Ghosh KK, Krejcar O. Biosensors as Nano-Analytical Tools for COVID-19 Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:7823. [PMID: 34883826 PMCID: PMC8659776 DOI: 10.3390/s21237823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Selective, sensitive and affordable techniques to detect disease and underlying health issues have been developed recently. Biosensors as nanoanalytical tools have taken a front seat in this context. Nanotechnology-enabled progress in the health sector has aided in disease and pandemic management at a very early stage efficiently. This report reflects the state-of-the-art of nanobiosensor-based virus detection technology in terms of their detection methods, targets, limits of detection, range, sensitivity, assay time, etc. The article effectively summarizes the challenges with traditional technologies and newly emerging biosensors, including the nanotechnology-based detection kit for COVID-19; optically enhanced technology; and electrochemical, smart and wearable enabled nanobiosensors. The less explored but crucial piezoelectric nanobiosensor and the reverse transcription-loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)-based biosensor are also discussed here. The article could be of significance to researchers and doctors dedicated to developing potent, versatile biosensors for the rapid identification of COVID-19. This kind of report is needed for selecting suitable treatments and to avert epidemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Pradhan
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Preeti Lahare
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Priyank Sinha
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Namrata Singh
- Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, DY Patil University, Nerul, Navi Mumbai 400706, India
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Bhanushree Gupta
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kallol K. Ghosh
- Center for Basic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India; (A.P.); (P.L.); (P.S.); (K.K.G.)
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, India
| | - Ondrej Krejcar
- Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Laser-triggered combination therapy by iron sulfide-doxorubicin@functionalized nanozymes for breast cancer therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:344. [PMID: 34706736 PMCID: PMC8554880 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01023-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of magnetic nanozymes (NZs) with the ability to synchronize gas therapy through photodynamic and chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer has received much attention. Results Hence, in this study, we designed a bovine lactoferrin-coated iron sulfide NZs containing doxorubicin (abbreviated as: FeS-Dox@bLf NZs) by wet-chemical synthesis method. Then, the physicochemical characteristics of synthesized NZs were explored by several methods. Also, the level of Fe2+, H2S and Dox releases from FeS-Dox@Lf NZs. Also, the cytotoxic effects of FeS-Dox@Lf NZs were investigated by cellular assays. After intravenous injections of NZs and laser irradiation, significant effects of FeS-Dox@Lf NZs on mice weight and tumor status were observed. Afterwards, not only the distribution of Dox in the body was examined by fluorescent, but also the time of Fe clearance and the amount of Dox and Fe retention in vital tissues were determined. The findings confirm that FeS-Dox@Lf NZs, in addition to targeted drug distribution in tumor tissue, resulted in superior therapeutic performance compared to free Dox due to reduced Dox side effects in vital tissues, and increased level of free radicals in 4T1 cells. Conclusion Overall, FeS-Dox@Lf NZs with the ability to synchronize chemotherapy and gas therapy raised hopes for more effective treatment of breast cancer. Graphic abstract ![]()
Collapse
|
18
|
Diagnostic and drug release systems based on microneedle arrays in breast cancer therapy. J Control Release 2021; 338:341-357. [PMID: 34428480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microneedle arrays have recently received much attention as cancer detection and treatment platforms, because invasive injections and detection of the biopsy are not needed, and drug metabolism by the liver, as well as adverse effects of systemic drug administration, are diminished. Microneedles have been used for diagnosis, vaccination, and in targeted drug delivery of breast cancer. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in diagnosis and targeted drug delivery for breast cancer treatment, using microneedle arrays to deliver active molecules through the skin. The results not only suggest that health and well-being of patients are improved, but also that microneedle arrays can deliver anticancer compounds in a relatively noninvasive manner, based on body weight, breast tumor size, and circulation time of the drug. Moreover, microneedles could allow simultaneous loading of multiple drugs and enable controlled release, thus effectively optimizing or preventing drug-drug interactions. This review is designed to encourage the use of microneedles for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, by describing general properties of microneedles, materials used for construction, mechanism of action, and principal benefits. Ongoing challenges and future perspectives for the application of microneedle array systems in breast cancer detection and treatment are highlighted.
Collapse
|
19
|
Joshi A, Vishnu G K A, Sakorikar T, Kamal AM, Vaidya JS, Pandya HJ. Recent advances in biosensing approaches for point-of-care breast cancer diagnostics: challenges and future prospects. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:5542-5564. [PMID: 36133274 PMCID: PMC9417675 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00453k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Timely and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer is essential for efficient treatment and the best possible survival rates. Biosensors have emerged as a smart diagnostic platform for the detection of biomarkers specific to the onset, recurrence, and therapeutic drug monitoring of breast cancer. There have been exciting recent developments, including significant improvements in the validation, sensitivity, specificity, and integration of sample processing steps to develop point-of-care (POC) integrated micro-total analysis systems for clinical settings. The present review highlights various biosensing modalities (electrical, optical, piezoelectric, mass, and acoustic sensing). It provides deep insights into their design principles, signal amplification strategies, and comparative performance analysis. Finally, this review emphasizes the status of existing integrated micro-total analysis systems (μ-TAS) for personalized breast cancer therapeutics and associated challenges and outlines the approach required to realize their successful translation into clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anju Joshi
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| | - Anil Vishnu G K
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| | - Tushar Sakorikar
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| | - Arif M Kamal
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| | - Jayant S Vaidya
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London 4919 London UK
| | - Hardik J Pandya
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Thermodynamic and anticancer properties of inorganic zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized through co-precipitation method. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
21
|
Sharifi M, Bai Q, Babadaei MMN, Chowdhury F, Hassan M, Taghizadeh A, Derakhshankhah H, Khan S, Hasan A, Falahati M. 3D bioprinting of engineered breast cancer constructs for personalized and targeted cancer therapy. J Control Release 2021; 333:91-106. [PMID: 33774120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The bioprinting technique with specialized tissue production allows the study of biological, physiological, and behavioral changes of cancerous and non-cancerous tissues in response to pharmacological compounds in personalized medicine. To this end, to evaluate the efficacy of anticancer drugs before entering the clinical setting, tissue engineered 3D scaffolds containing breast cancer and derived from the especially patient, similar to the original tissue architecture, can potentially be used. Despite recent advances in the manufacturing of 3D bioprinted breast cancer tissue (BCT), many studies still suffer from reproducibility primarily because of the uncertainty of the materials used in the scaffolds and lack of printing methods. In this review, we present an overview of the breast cancer environment to optimize personalized treatment by examining and identifying the physiological and biological factors that mimic BCT. We also surveyed the materials and techniques related to 3D bioprinting, i.e, 3D bioprinting systems, current strategies for fabrication of 3D bioprinting tissues, cell adhesion and migration in 3D bioprinted BCT, and 3D bioprinted breast cancer metastasis models. Finally, we emphasized on the prospective future applications of 3D bioprinted cancer models for rapid and accurate drug screening in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Sharifi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Science, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhan Chowdhury
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Energy Processes, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Mahbub Hassan
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Akbar Taghizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Derakhshankhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran
| | - Suliman Khan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhong ZT, Wang HB, Zhang T, Li CQ, Liu B, Zhao YD. Quantitative analysis of various targets based on aptamer and functionalized Fe 3O 4@graphene oxide in dairy products using pregnancy test strip and smartphone. Food Chem 2021; 352:129330. [PMID: 33657486 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy test strips are one of the most mature and widely used commercial lateral flow devices used to determine pregnancy. Being a simple and rapid detection method, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was used with different aptamers (hCG-apt) as probes for the detection of metal ions, small organic molecules, and proteins. Quantitative detection of target analytes was achieved using a smartphone app and a portable device developed in our laboratory. The results showed detection ranges of 1 nM-1 μM, 0.1 nM-10 μM and 32 nM-500 nM for Pb2+, chloramphenicol, and β-lactoglobulin, respectively, and the corresponding visual detection limits in dairy products were 5 nM, 1 nM and 50 nM, respectively. Based on these results, rapid detection of multiple analytes can be realized through aptamer modification, thereby broadening the application range of commercial lateral flow devices for analysis of food chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Tao Zhong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hai-Bo Wang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Photonics (HUST), Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chao-Qing Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Bo Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuan-Di Zhao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Photonics (HUST), Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sharifi M, Hasan A, Haghighat S, Taghizadeh A, Attar F, Bloukh SH, Edis Z, Xue M, Khan S, Falahati M. Rapid diagnostics of coronavirus disease 2019 in early stages using nanobiosensors: Challenges and opportunities. Talanta 2021; 223:121704. [PMID: 33303154 PMCID: PMC7521920 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) around the world is a tragic and shocking event that demonstrates the unpreparedness of humans to develop quick diagnostic platforms for novel infectious diseases. In fact, statistical reports of diagnostic tools show that their accuracy, specificity and sensitivity in the detection of COVID hampered by some challenges that can be eliminated by using nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, we aimed to present an overview on the most important ways to diagnose different kinds of viruses followed by the introduction of nanobiosensors. Afterward, some methods of COVID-19 detection such as imaging, laboratory and kit-based diagnostic tests are surveyed. Furthermore, nucleic acids/protein- and immunoglobulin (Ig)-based nanobiosensors for the COVID-19 detection infection are reviewed. Finally, current challenges and future perspective for the development of diagnostic or monitoring technologies in the control of COVID-19 are discussed to persuade the scientists in advancing their technologies beyond imagination. In conclusion, it can be deduced that as rapid COVID-19 detection infection can play a vital role in disease control and treatment, this review may be of great help for controlling the COVID-19 outbreak by providing some necessary information for the development of portable, accurate, selectable and simple nanobiosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Sharifi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar,Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Setareh Haghighat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Taghizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Attar
- Department of Food Toxicology, Research Center of Food Technology and Agricultural Products, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, Iran
| | - Samir Haj Bloukh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zehra Edis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, PO Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Suliman Khan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang B, Chen C, Cheng C, Cheng H, Yan Z, Chen F, Zhu Z, Zhang H, Yue F, Lv X. Detection of breast cancer of various clinical stages based on serum FT-IR spectroscopy combined with multiple algorithms. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 33:102199. [PMID: 33515764 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer screening is time consuming, requires expensive equipment, and has demanding requirements for doctors. Hence, a large number of breast cancer patients may miss screening and early treatment, which greatly threatens their health around the world. Infrared spectroscopy may be able to be used as a screening tool for breast cancer detection. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy of serum was combined with traditional machine learning algorithms to achieve an auxiliary diagnosis that could quickly and accurately distinguish patients with different stages of breast cancer, including stage 1 disease, from control subjects without breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS FT-IR spectroscopy were performed on the serum of 114 non-cancer control subjects, 35 patients with stage I, 43 patients with stage II, and 29 patients with stage III & IV breast cancer. Due to the experimental sample imbalance, we used the oversampling to process the four classes of sample. The oversampling selected Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Subsequently, we used the random discarding method in undersampling to do experiments as well. The average FT-IR spectroscopy results for the four groups showed differences in phospholipids, nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins between non-cancer control subjects and breast cancer patients at different stages. Based on these differences, four classification models were used to classify stage I, II, III & IV breast cancer patients and non-cancer control subjects. First, standard normal variate transformation (SNV) was used to preprocess the original data, and then partial least squares (PLS) was used for feature extraction. Finally, the five models were established including extreme learning machine (ELM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), genetic algorithms based on support vector machine (GA-SVM), particle swarm optimization-support vector machine (PSO-SVM) and grid search-support vector machine (GS-SVM). CONCLUSION In oversampling experiment, the GS-SVM classifier obtained the highest average classification accuracy of 95.45 %; the diagnostic accuracy of non-cancer control subjects was 100 %; breast cancer stage I was 90 %; breast cancer stage II was 84.62 %; and breast cancer stage III & IV was 100 %. In undersampling experiment, the GA-SVM model obtained the highest average classification accuracy of 100 %; the diagnostic accuracy of non-cancer control subjects was 100 %; breast cancer stage I was 100 %; breast cancer stage II was 100 %; and breast cancer stage III & IV was 100 %. The results show that FT-IR spectroscopy combined with powerful classification algorithms has great potential in distinguishing patients with different stages of breast cancer from non-cancer control subjects. In addition, this research provides a reference for future multiclassification studies of cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and other female high-incidence cancers through serum FT-IR spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| | - Hong Cheng
- The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Ziwei Yan
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Zhimin Zhu
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Feilong Yue
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xiaoyi Lv
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; College of Software, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhu R, Avsievich T, Popov A, Bykov A, Meglinski I. In vivo nano-biosensing element of red blood cell-mediated delivery. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 175:112845. [PMID: 33262059 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors based on nanotechnology are developing rapidly and are widely applied in many fields including biomedicine, environmental monitoring, national defense and analytical chemistry, and have achieved vital positions in these fields. Novel nano-materials are intensively developed and manufactured for potential biosensing and theranostic applications while lacking comprehensive assessment of their potential health risks. The integration of diagnostic in vivo biosensors and the DDSs for delivery of therapeutic drugs holds an enormous potential in next-generation theranostic platforms. Controllable, precise, and safe delivery of diagnostic biosensing devices and therapeutic agents to the target tissues, organs, or cells is an important determinant in developing advanced nanobiosensor-based theranostic platforms. Particularly, inspired by the comprehensive biological investigations on the red blood cells (RBCs), advanced strategies of RBC-mediated in vivo delivery have been developed rapidly and are currently in different stages of transforming from research and design to pre-clinical and clinical investigations. In this review, the RBC-mediated delivery of in vivo nanobiosensors for applications of bio-imaging at the single-cell level, advanced medical diagnostics, and analytical detection of biomolecules and cellular activities are presented. A comprehensive perspective of the technical framework of the state-of-the-art RBC-mediated delivery systems is explained in detail to inspire the design and implementation of advanced nanobiosensor-based theranostic platforms taking advantage of RBC-delivery modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Zhu
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, 90570, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tatiana Avsievich
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, 90570, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Alexey Popov
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kaitoväylä 1, 90590, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Alexander Bykov
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, 90570, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Igor Meglinski
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Laboratory, University of Oulu, 90570, Oulu, Finland; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050, Tomsk, Russia; Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), 115409, Moscow, Russia; Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Clinical Medicine N.V. Sklifosovsky, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Guo H, Su X, Su Q, Zhuang W, You Z. Au-coated Fe 3O 4 core-shell nanohybrids with photothermal activity for point-of-care immunoassay for lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 on a digital near-infrared thermometer. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:235-244. [PMID: 33048173 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02995-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A portable photothermal immunoassay based on Au-coated magnetic Fe3O4 core-shell nanohybrids (Au-Fe3O4) was developed for point-of-care (POC) testing of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) on a digital near-infrared (NIR) thermometer. Au-Fe3O4 photothermal materials were first synthesized through reverse micelle method, and then functionalized with polyclonal rabbit anti-human Lp-PLA2 antibody. A sandwiched immunoreaction was carried out in polyclonal mouse anti-human Lp-PLA2 antibody-coated microplate using Au-Fe3O4-labeled antibody as the detection antibody. With formation of sandwich-type immunocomplex, the captured Au-Fe3O4 on the plate converted the light into heat under an 808-nm laser irradiation (1.5 W cm-2), thereby resulting in the increasing temperature of the detection solution. The temperature variations relative to surrounding temperature was determined on a portable NIR thermometer. Several labeling protocols with gold nanoparticle, Fe3O4 nanoparticle, or Au-Fe3O4 nanohybrids were investigated for determination of Lp-PLA2 and improved analytical features were achieved with the core-shell Au-Fe3O4 nanohybrids. Under optimum conditions, Au-Fe3O4-based immunoassay exhibited good photothermal responses for the detection of Lp-PLA2 with a dynamic linear range of 0.01-100 ng mL-1 at a low detection limit of 8.6 pg mL-1. Good reproducibility and intermediate precision were less than 9.7%. Other biomarkers or proteins did not interfere with responses of this system. An acceptable accuracy was acquired for analysis of human serum sample between Au-Fe3O4-based photothermal immunoassay and commercialized human Lp-PLA2 ELISA kit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Qingfu Su
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijiao You
- Department of Urology, Jinjiang Municipal Hospital, No. 392, Xinhua Street, Jinjiang City, 362200, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gajdosova V, Lorencova L, Kasak P, Tkac J. Electrochemical Nanobiosensors for Detection of Breast Cancer Biomarkers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4022. [PMID: 32698389 PMCID: PMC7412172 DOI: 10.3390/s20144022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This comprehensive review paper describes recent advances made in the field of electrochemical nanobiosensors for the detection of breast cancer (BC) biomarkers such as specific genes, microRNA, proteins, circulating tumor cells, BC cell lines, and exosomes or exosome-derived biomarkers. Besides the description of key functional characteristics of electrochemical nanobiosensors, the reader can find basic statistic information about BC incidence and mortality, breast pathology, and current clinically used BC biomarkers. The final part of the review is focused on challenges that need to be addressed in order to apply electrochemical nanobiosensors in a clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Gajdosova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Lenka Lorencova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.G.); (L.L.)
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Jan Tkac
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.G.); (L.L.)
| |
Collapse
|