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Liu QJ, Yuan W, Yang P, Shao C. Role of glycolysis in diabetic atherosclerosis. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1478-1492. [PMID: 37970130 PMCID: PMC10642412 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i10.1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a kind of typical metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. Modern lifestyles and trends that promote overconsumption and unhealthy practices have contributed to an increase in the annual incidence of diabetic AS worldwide, which has created a heavy burden on society. Several studies have shown the significant effects of glycolysis-related changes on the occurrence and development of diabetic AS, which may serve as novel thera-peutic targets for diabetic AS in the future. Glycolysis is an important metabolic pathway that generates energy in various cells of the blood vessel wall. In particular, it plays a vital role in the physiological and pathological activities of the three important cells, Endothelial cells, macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. There are lots of similar mechanisms underlying diabetic and common AS, the former is more complex. In this article, we describe the role and mechanism underlying glycolysis in diabetic AS, as well as the therapeutic targets, such as trained immunity, microRNAs, gut microbiota, and associated drugs, with the aim to provide some new perspectives and potentially feasible programs for the treatment of diabetic AS in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Jia Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
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2
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Li K, Li K, He Y, Liang S, Shui X, Lei W. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: A bridge linking immuno-inflammation and metabolism in atherosclerosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115744. [PMID: 37579858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and atherosclerosis is a major contributor to this etiology. The ligand-activated transcription factor, known as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), plays an essential role in the interactions between genes and the environment. In a number of human diseases, including atherosclerosis, the AhR signaling pathway has recently been shown to be aberrantly expressed and activated. It's reported that AhR can regulate the immuno-inflammatory response and metabolism pathways in atherosclerosis, potentially serving as a bridge that links these processes. In this review, we highlight the involvement of AhR in atherosclerosis. From the literature, we conclude that AhR is a potential target for controlling atherosclerosis through precise interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongwei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiyue Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan He
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaorong Shui
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Hu Y, Zhao Y, Li P, Lu H, Li H, Ge J. Hypoxia and panvascular diseases: exploring the role of hypoxia-inducible factors in vascular smooth muscle cells under panvascular pathologies. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:1954-1974. [PMID: 37541793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging discipline, panvascular diseases are a set of vascular diseases with atherosclerosis as the common pathogenic hallmark, which mostly affect vital organs like the heart, brain, kidney, and limbs. As the major responser to the most common stressor in the vasculature (hypoxia)-hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), and the primary regulator of pressure and oxygen delivery in the vasculature-vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), their own multifaceted nature and their interactions with each other are fascinating. Abnormally active VSMCs (e.g., atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension) or abnormally dysfunctional VSMCs (e.g., aneurysms, vascular calcification) are associated with HIFs. These widespread systemic diseases also reflect the interdisciplinary nature of panvascular medicine. Moreover, given the comparable proliferative characteristics exhibited by VSMCs and cancer cells, and the delicate equilibrium between angiogenesis and cancer progression, there is a pressing need for more accurate modulation targets or combination approaches to bolster the effectiveness of HIF targeting therapies. Based on the aforementioned content, this review primarily focused on the significance of integrating the overall and local perspectives, as well as temporal and spatial balance, in the context of the HIF signaling pathway in VSMC-related panvascular diseases. Furthermore, the review discussed the implications of HIF-targeting drugs on panvascular disorders, while considering the trade-offs involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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4
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Luo T, Zhang Z, Xu J, Liu H, Cai L, Huang G, Wang C, Chen Y, Xia L, Ding X, Wang J, Li X. Atherosclerosis treatment with nanoagent: potential targets, stimulus signals and drug delivery mechanisms. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1205751. [PMID: 37404681 PMCID: PMC10315585 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1205751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is the first killer of human health, and it caused up at least 31% of global deaths. Atherosclerosis is one of the main reasons caused CVDs. Oral drug therapy with statins and other lipid-regulating drugs is the conventional treatment strategies for atherosclerosis. However, conventional therapeutic strategies are constrained by low drug utilization and non-target organ injury problems. Micro-nano materials, including particles, liposomes, micelles and bubbles, have been developed as the revolutionized tools for CVDs detection and drug delivery, specifically atherosclerotic targeting treatment. Furthermore, the micro-nano materials also could be designed to intelligently and responsive targeting drug delivering, and then become a promising tool to achieve atherosclerosis precision treatment. This work reviewed the advances in atherosclerosis nanotherapy, including the materials carriers, target sites, responsive model and treatment results. These nanoagents precisely delivery the therapeutic agents to the target atherosclerosis sites, and intelligent and precise release of drugs, which could minimize the potential adverse effects and be more effective in atherosclerosis lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junbo Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanxiong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunbin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingzhong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Long Xia
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xunshi Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu Affiliated to Southwest Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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5
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Immanuel J, Yun S. Vascular Inflammatory Diseases and Endothelial Phenotypes. Cells 2023; 12:1640. [PMID: 37371110 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological functions of endothelial cells control vascular tone, permeability, inflammation, and angiogenesis, which significantly help to maintain a healthy vascular system. Several cardiovascular diseases are characterized by endothelial cell activation or dysfunction triggered by external stimuli such as disturbed flow, hypoxia, growth factors, and cytokines in response to high levels of low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, aging, drugs, and smoking. Increasing evidence suggests that uncontrolled proinflammatory signaling and further alteration in endothelial cell phenotypes such as barrier disruption, increased permeability, endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and metabolic reprogramming further induce vascular diseases, and multiple studies are focusing on finding the pathways and mechanisms involved in it. This review highlights the main proinflammatory stimuli and their effects on endothelial cell function. In order to provide a rational direction for future research, we also compiled the most recent data regarding the impact of endothelial cell dysfunction on vascular diseases and potential targets that impede the pathogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenita Immanuel
- Department of Biotechnology, Inje University, Gimhae-si 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanguk Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Inje University, Gimhae-si 50834, Republic of Korea
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Aranda JF, Pérez-García A, Torrecilla-Parra M, Fernández-de Frutos M, Martín-Martín Y, Mateos-Gómez PA, Pardo-Marqués V, Busto R, Ramírez CM. Role of miR-199a-5p in the post-transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 in response to hypoxia in peritoneal macrophages. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:994080. [DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.994080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a crucial factor contributing to maintenance of atherosclerotic lesions. The ability of ABCA1 to stimulate the efflux of cholesterol from cells in the periphery, particularly foam cells in atherosclerotic plaques, is an important anti-atherosclerotic mechanism. The posttranscriptional regulation by miRNAs represents a key regulatory mechanism of a number of signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis. Previously, miR-199a-5p has been shown to be implicated in the endocytic and retrograde intracellular transport. Although the regulation of miR-199a-5p and ABCA1 by hypoxia has been already reported independently, the role of miR-199a-5p in macrophages and its possible role in atherogenic processes such us regulation of lipid homeostasis through ABCA1 has not been yet investigated. Here, we demonstrate that both ABCA1 and miR-199a-5p show an inverse regulation by hypoxia and Ac-LDL in primary macrophages. Moreover, we demonstrated that miR-199a-5p regulates ABCA1 mRNA and protein levels by directly binding to its 3’UTR. As a result, manipulation of cellular miR-199a-5p levels alters ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux in primary mouse macrophages. Taken together, these results indicate that the correlation between ABCA1-miR-199a-5p could be exploited to control macrophage cholesterol efflux during the onset of atherosclerosis, where cholesterol alterations and hypoxia play a pathogenic role.
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7
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Tang Y, Zhou X, Cao T, Chen E, Li Y, Lei W, Hu Y, He B, Liu S. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress in Inflammatory Diseases. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:924-934. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangping Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - En Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wenbo Lei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yibao Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Bisha He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Shuangquan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Makaritsis KP, Kotidis C, Papacharalampous K, Kouvaras E, Poulakida E, Tarantilis P, Asprodini E, Ntaios G, Koukoulis GΚ, Dalekos GΝ, Ioannou M. Mechanistic insights on the effect of crocin, an active ingredient of saffron, on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Coron Artery Dis 2022; 33:394-402. [PMID: 35880561 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000001142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the effect of crocin treatment on atherosclerosis and serum lipids in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice, focusing on the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α). METHODS Sixty-two animals were divided into two groups and randomly allocated to crocin (100 mg/kg/day) in drinking water or no crocin. All mice were maintained on standard chow diet containing 5% fat. Crocin was initiated at the 16th week of age and continued for 16 additional weeks. At 32 weeks of age, after blood sampling for plasma lipid determination and euthanasia, proximal aorta was removed and 3 μm sections were used to measure the atherosclerotic area and determine the expression of eNOS and HIF-1α by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Each group consisted of 31 animals (17 males and 14 females in each group). Crocin significantly reduced the atherosclerotic area (mm2 ± SEM) in treated mice compared to controls, both in males (0.0798 ± 0.017 vs. 0.1918 ± 0.028, P < 0.002, respectively) and females (0.0986 ± 0.023 vs. 0.1765 ± 0.025, P < 0.03, respectively). eNOS expression was significantly increased in crocin-treated mice compared to controls, both in males (2.77 ± 0.24 vs. 1.50 ± 0.34, P=0.004, respectively) and females (3.41 ± 0.37 vs. 1.16 ± 0.44, P=0.003, respectively). HIF-1α expression was significantly decreased in crocin-treated mice compared to controls, both in males (21.25 ± 2.14 vs. 156.5 ± 6.67, P < 0.001, respectively) and females (35.3 ± 7.20 vs. 113.3 ± 9.0, P < 0.01, respectively). No difference was noticed in total, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol between treated and control mice. CONCLUSION Crocin reduces atherosclerosis possibly by modulation of eNOS and HIF-1α expression in ApoE-/- mice without affecting plasma cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos P Makaritsis
- Department of Medicine & Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Charalampos Kotidis
- Department of Medicine & Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
- East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Evangelos Kouvaras
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa
| | - Eirini Poulakida
- Department of Medicine & Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Petros Tarantilis
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens
| | - Eftichia Asprodini
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - George Ntaios
- Department of Medicine & Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - George Κ Koukoulis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa
| | - George Ν Dalekos
- Department of Medicine & Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver Diseases, General University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Ioannou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa
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Liang S, Sun Q, Du Z, Ren X, Xu Q, Sun Z, Duan J. PM 2.5 induce the defective efferocytosis and promote atherosclerosis via HIF-1α activation in macrophage. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:290-309. [PMID: 35653618 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2083995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) promotes the development of atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism insight of PM2.5-induced atherosclerosis is still lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the biological effects of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) on PM2.5-triggered atherosclerosis. The vascular stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), lipid and atherosclerotic lesion were increased when von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-null mice were exposed to PM2.5. Yet, knockout of HIF-1α markedly decreased the PM2.5-triggered atherosclerotic lesion. We firstly performed microarray analysis in PM2.5-treated bone morrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), which showed that PM2.5 significantly changed the genes expression patterns and affected biological processes such as phagocytosis, apoptotic cell clearance, cellular response to hypoxia, apoptotic process and inflammatory response. Moreover, the data showed knockout of HIF-1α remarkably relieved PM2.5-induced defective efferocytosis. Mechanistically, PM2.5 inhibited the level of genes and proteins of efferocytosis receptor c-Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK), especially in VHL-null BMDMs. In addition, PM2.5 increased the genes and proteins of a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17), which caused the MerTK cleavage to form soluble MerTK (sMer) in plasma and cellular supernatant. The sMer was significantly up-regulated in plasma of VHL-null PM2.5-exposed mice. Moreover, PM2.5 could induce defective efferocytosis and activate inflammatory response through MerTK/IFNAR1/STAT1 signaling pathway in macrophages. Our results demonstrate that PM2.5 could induce defective efferocytosis and inflammation by activating HIF-1α in macrophages, ultimately resulting in accelerating atherosclerotic lesion formation and development. Our data suggest HIF-1α in macrophages might be a potential target for PM2.5-related atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qinglin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Du
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoke Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qing Xu
- Core Facility Centre, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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10
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Thomas C, Leleu D, Masson D. Cholesterol and HIF-1α: Dangerous Liaisons in Atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:868958. [PMID: 35386720 PMCID: PMC8977597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
HIF-1α exerts both detrimental and beneficial actions in atherosclerosis. While there is evidence that HIF-1α could be pro-atherogenic within the atheromatous plaque, experimental models of atherosclerosis suggest a more complex role that depends on the cell type expressing HIF-1α. In atheroma plaques, HIF-1α is stabilized by local hypoxic conditions and by the lipid microenvironment. Macrophage exposure to oxidized LDLs (oxLDLs) or to necrotic plaque debris enriched with oxysterols induces HIF-1α -dependent pathways. Moreover, HIF-1α is involved in many oxLDL-induced effects in macrophages including inflammatory response, angiogenesis and metabolic reprogramming. OxLDLs activate toll-like receptor signaling pathways to promote HIF-1α stabilization. OxLDLs and oxysterols also induce NADPH oxidases and reactive oxygen species production, which subsequently leads to HIF-1α stabilization. Finally, recent investigations revealed that the activation of liver X receptor, an oxysterol nuclear receptor, results in an increase in HIF-1α transcriptional activity. Reciprocally, HIF-1α signaling promotes triglycerides and cholesterol accumulation in macrophages. Hypoxia and HIF-1α increase the uptake of oxLDLs, promote cholesterol and triglyceride synthesis and decrease cholesterol efflux. In conclusion, the impact of HIF-1α on cholesterol homeostasis within macrophages and the feedback activation of the inflammatory response by oxysterols via HIF-1α could play a deleterious role in atherosclerosis. In this context, studies aimed at understanding the specific mechanisms leading to HIF-1α activation within the plaque represents a promising field for research investigations and a path toward development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Thomas
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Damien Leleu
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France.,CHRU Dijon Bourgogne, Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Dijon, France
| | - David Masson
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France.,CHRU Dijon Bourgogne, Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Dijon, France
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11
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Abstract
Macrophages are instrumental for the repair of organs that become injured due to ischemia, yet their potential for healing is sensitive to the availability of metabolites from the surrounding milieu. This sensitivity extends beyond anabolic and catabolic reactions, as metabolites are also leveraged to control production of secreted factors that direct intercellular crosstalk. In response to limiting extracellular oxygen, acute-phase macrophages activate hypoxia-inducible transcription factors that repurpose cellular metabolism. Subsequent repair-phase macrophages secrete cytokines to activate stromal cells, the latter which contribute to matrix deposition and scarring. As we now appreciate, these distinct functions are calibrated by directing flux of carbons and cofactors into specific metabolic shunts. This occurs through glycolysis, the pentose phosphate shunt, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides, lipids, amino acids, and through lesser understood pathways. The integration of metabolism with macrophage function is particularly important during injury to the ischemic heart, as glucose and lipid imbalance lead to inefficient repair and permanent loss of non-regenerative muscle. Here we review macrophage metabolic signaling under ischemic stress with implications for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward B Thorp
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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12
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Chen Y, Zeng Y, Zhu X, Miao L, Liang X, Duan J, Li H, Tian X, Pang L, Wei Y, Yang J. Significant difference between sirolimus and paclitaxel nanoparticles in anti-proliferation effect in normoxia and hypoxia: The basis of better selection of atherosclerosis treatment. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:880-889. [PMID: 33024904 PMCID: PMC7530254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with paclitaxel, sirolimus has been more used in the treatment of vascular restenosis gradually as an anti-proliferative drug, but few basic studies have elucidated its mechanism. The anti-proliferative effects of sirolimus or paclitaxel have been demonstrated by numerous studies under normoxia, but few studies have been achieved focusing hypoxia. In this study, porcine carotid artery injury model and classical cobalt chloride hypoxia cell model were established. Sirolimus nanoparticles (SRM-NPs), paclitaxel nanoparticles (PTX-NPs) and blank nanoparticles (Blank-NPs) were prepared respectively. The effect of RPM-NPs on the degree of stenosis, proliferative index and the expression of PCNA after 28 days of porcine carotid artery injury model was evaluated. Compared with saline group and SRM groups, SRM-NPs group suppressed vascular stenosis, proliferative index and the expression of PCNA (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). Endothelial cell (EC) and smooth muscle cell (SMC) were pre-treated with cobaltous chloride, followed by SRM-NPs, PTX-NPs, Blank-NPs or PBS control treating, the effects on cell proliferation, HIF-1 expression and glycolysis were detected. SRM-NPs could inhibit EC and SMC proliferation under hypoxia, while PTX-NPs couldn't (P < 0.001). Significant differences between sirolimus and paclitaxel NPs in anti-proliferation effect under normoxia and hypoxia may due to the different inhibitory effects on HIF-1α expression and glycolysis. In conclusion, these results suggest that sirolimus can inhibit the proliferation of hypoxic cells more effectively than paclitaxel. These observations may provide a basis for understanding clinical vascular stenosis therapeutic differences between rapamycin and paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlu Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
- Henan Center for Patent Examination and Cooperation of the Patent Office of the State Intellectual Property Office, Henan, 450002, PR China
| | - Lifu Miao
- Heart Center, The First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100016, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Jianwei Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Huiyang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Xinxin Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Liyun Pang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
- Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
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13
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Dumont A, Lee M, Barouillet T, Murphy A, Yvan-Charvet L. Mitochondria orchestrate macrophage effector functions in atherosclerosis. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 77:100922. [PMID: 33162108 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are pivotal in the initiation and development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have reinforced the importance of mitochondria in metabolic and signaling pathways to maintain macrophage effector functions. In this review, we discuss the past and emerging roles of macrophage mitochondria metabolic diversity in atherosclerosis and the potential avenue as biomarker. Beyond metabolic functions, mitochondria are also a signaling platform integrating epigenetic, redox, efferocytic and apoptotic regulations, which are exquisitely linked to their dynamics. Indeed, mitochondria functions depend on their density and shape perpetually controlled by mitochondria fusion/fission and biogenesis/mitophagy balances. Mitochondria can also communicate with other organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum through mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) or be secreted for paracrine actions. All these functions are perturbed in macrophages from mouse or human atherosclerotic plaques. A better understanding and integration of how these metabolic and signaling processes are integrated and dictate macrophage effector functions in atherosclerosis may ultimately help the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adélie Dumont
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1065, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Oncoage, 06204, Nice, France
| | - ManKS Lee
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3165, Australia
| | - Thibault Barouillet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1065, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Oncoage, 06204, Nice, France
| | - Andrew Murphy
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3165, Australia
| | - Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1065, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Oncoage, 06204, Nice, France.
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14
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De Dominicis C, Perrotta P, Dall’Angelo S, Wyffels L, Staelens S, De Meyer GRY, Zanda M. [ 18F]ZCDD083: A PFKFB3-Targeted PET Tracer for Atherosclerotic Plaque Imaging. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:933-939. [PMID: 32435408 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PFKFB3, a glycolysis-related enzyme upregulated in inflammatory conditions and angiogenesis, is an emerging target for diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis. The fluorinated phenoxindazole [18F]ZCDD083 was synthesized, radiolabeled in 17 ± 5% radiochemical yield and >99% radiochemical purity, and formulated for preclinical PET/CT imaging in mice. In vivo stability analysis showed no significant metabolite formation. Biodistribution studies showed high blood pool activity and slow hepatobiliary clearance. Significant activity was detected in the lung 2 h postinjection (pi) (11.0 ± 1.5%ID/g), while at 6 h pi no pulmonary background was observed. Ex vivo autoradiography at 6 h pi showed significant high uptake of [18F]ZCDD083 in the arch region and brachiocephalic artery of atherosclerotic mice, and no uptake in control mice, matching plaques distribution seen by lipid staining along with PFKFB3 expression seen by immunofluorescent staining. In vivo PET scans showed higher aortic region uptake of [18F]ZCDD083 in atherosclerotic ApoE-/-Fbn1C1039G+/- than in control mice (0.78 ± 0.05 vs 0.44 ± 0.09%ID/g). [18F]ZCDD083 was detected in aortic arch and brachiocephalic artery of ApoE-/- (with moderate atherosclerosis) and ApoE-/-Fbn1C1039G+/- (with severe, advanced atherosclerosis) mice, suggesting this tracer may be useful for the noninvasive detection of atherosclerotic plaques in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo De Dominicis
- Kosterlitz Centre for Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Foresterhill, Aberdeen, U.K
| | - Paola Perrotta
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Sergio Dall’Angelo
- Kosterlitz Centre for Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Foresterhill, Aberdeen, U.K
| | - Leonie Wyffels
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Steven Staelens
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - G. R. Y. De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Matteo Zanda
- Kosterlitz Centre for Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Foresterhill, Aberdeen, U.K
- CNR-ICRM, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
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15
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, with atherosclerosis as the major underlying factor, remains the leading cause of death worldwide. It is well established that cholesterol ester-enriched foam cells are the hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques. Multiple lines of evidence support that enhancing foam cell cholesterol efflux by HDL (high-density lipoprotein) particles, the first step of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), is a promising antiatherogenic strategy. Yet, excitement towards the therapeutic potential of manipulating RCT for the treatment of cardiovascular disease has faded because of the lack of the association between cardiovascular disease risk and what was typically measured in intervention trials, namely HDL cholesterol, which has an inconsistent relationship to HDL function and RCT. In this review, we will summarize some of the potential reasons for this inconsistency, update the mechanisms of RCT, and highlight conditions in which impaired HDL function or RCT contributes to vascular disease. On balance, the evidence still argues for further research to better understand how HDL functionality contributes to RCT to develop prevention and treatment strategies to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Ouimet
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Canada (M.O.)
| | - Tessa J Barrett
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York (T.J.B., E.A.F.)
| | - Edward A Fisher
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York (T.J.B., E.A.F.)
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16
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Zhang RJ, Yin YF, Xie XJ, Gu HF. Acid-sensing ion channels: Linking extracellular acidification with atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 502:183-190. [PMID: 31901478 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular acidification in atherosclerosis-prone regions of arterial walls is considered pro-atherosclerotic by exerting detrimental effect on macrophages, endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), a family of extracellular H+ (proton)-gated cation channels, are present extensively in the nervous system and other tissues, implying physiologic as well as pathophysiologic importance. Aberrant activation of ASICs is thought to be associated in EC dysfunction, macrophage phenotypic switch, and VSMC migration and proliferation. Although in vitro evidence acknowledges the contribution of ASIC activation in atherosclerosis, no direct evidence confirms their pro-atherosclerotic roles in vivo. In this review, the effect of extracellular acidity on three major contributors, ECs, macrophages, and VSMCs, is discussed focusing on the potential roles of ASICs in atherosclerotic development and underlying pathology. A more comprehensive understanding of ASICs in these processes may provide promising new therapeutic targets for treatment and prevention of atherosclerotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jie Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Institute of Neuroscience, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Fang Yin
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University Springfield, Illinois, United States
| | - Xue-Jiao Xie
- Department of Zhongjing' Theory, College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Feng Gu
- Department of Physiology & Institute of Neuroscience, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Milic J, Tian Y, Bernhagen J. Role of the COP9 Signalosome (CSN) in Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9060217. [PMID: 31195722 PMCID: PMC6628250 DOI: 10.3390/biom9060217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN) is an evolutionarily conserved multi-protein complex, consisting of eight subunits termed CSN1-CSN8. The main biochemical function of the CSN is the control of protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome-system through regulation of cullin-RING E3-ligase (CRL) activity by deNEDDylation of cullins, but the CSN also serves as a docking platform for signaling proteins. The catalytic deNEDDylase (isopeptidase) activity of the complex is executed by CSN5, but only efficiently occurs in the three-dimensional architectural context of the complex. Due to its positioning in a central cellular pathway connected to cell responses such as cell-cycle, proliferation, and signaling, the CSN has been implicated in several human diseases, with most evidence available for a role in cancer. However, emerging evidence also suggests that the CSN is involved in inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. This is both due to its role in controlling CRLs, regulating components of key inflammatory pathways such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and complex-independent interactions of subunits such as CSN5 with inflammatory proteins. In this case, we summarize and discuss studies suggesting that the CSN may have a key role in cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and heart failure. We discuss the implicated molecular mechanisms ranging from inflammatory NF-κB signaling to proteotoxicity and necrosis, covering disease-relevant cell types such as myeloid and endothelial cells or cardiomyocytes. While the CSN is considered to be disease-exacerbating in most cancer entities, the cardiovascular studies suggest potent protective activities in the vasculature and heart. The underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic avenues will be critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Milic
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München (KUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Yuan Tian
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München (KUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Klinikum der Universität München (KUM), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany.
- Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany.
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18
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Maruf A, Wang Y, Yin T, Huang J, Wang N, Durkan C, Tan Y, Wu W, Wang G. Atherosclerosis Treatment with Stimuli-Responsive Nanoagents: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900036. [PMID: 30945462 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the root of approximately one-third of global mortalities. Nanotechnology exhibits splendid prospects to combat atherosclerosis at the molecular level by engineering smart nanoagents with versatile functionalizations. Significant advances in nanoengineering enable nanoagents to autonomously navigate in the bloodstream, escape from biological barriers, and assemble with their nanocohort at the targeted lesion. The assembly of nanoagents with endogenous and exogenous stimuli breaks down their shells, facilitates intracellular delivery, releases their cargo to kill the corrupt cells, and gives imaging reports. All these improvements pave the way toward personalized medicine for atherosclerosis. This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in stimuli-responsive nanoagents for atherosclerosis management and its progress in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Maruf
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationState and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular ImplantsBioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationState and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular ImplantsBioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Tieyin Yin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationState and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular ImplantsBioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Junli Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationState and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular ImplantsBioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Nan Wang
- The Nanoscience CentreUniversity of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0FF UK
| | - Colm Durkan
- The Nanoscience CentreUniversity of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0FF UK
| | - Youhua Tan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR 999077 China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationState and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular ImplantsBioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationState and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular ImplantsBioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China
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19
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Jain T, Nikolopoulou EA, Xu Q, Qu A. Hypoxia inducible factor as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 183:22-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Bories GFP, Leitinger N. Macrophage metabolism in atherosclerosis. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:3042-3060. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gael F. P. Bories
- Department of Pharmacology and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center; University of Virginia; Charlottsville VA USA
| | - Norbert Leitinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center; University of Virginia; Charlottsville VA USA
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21
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Maier A, Wu H, Cordasic N, Oefner P, Dietel B, Thiele C, Weidemann A, Eckardt KU, Warnecke C. Hypoxia-inducible protein 2 Hig2/Hilpda mediates neutral lipid accumulation in macrophages and contributes to atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. FASEB J 2017; 31:4971-4984. [PMID: 28760743 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700235r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently we identified hypoxia-inducible protein 2 (HIG2)/hypoxia-inducible lipid droplet-associated (HILPDA) as lipid droplet (LD) protein. Because HILPDA is highly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques, we examined its regulation and function in murine macrophages, compared it to the LD adipose differentiation-related protein (Adrp)/perilipin 2 (Plin2), and investigated its effects on atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. Tie2-Cre-driven Hilpda conditional knockout (cKO) did not affect viability, proliferation, and ATP levels in macrophages. Hilpda proved to be a target of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (Hif-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. In contrast, Adrp/Plin2 was not induced by Hif-1. Hilpda localized to the endoplasmic reticulum-LD interface, the site of LD formation. Hypoxic lipid accumulation and storage of oxidized LDL, cholesteryl esters and triglycerides were abolished in Hilpda cKO macrophages, independent of the glycolytic switch, fatty acid or lipoprotein uptake. Hilpda depletion reduced resistance against lipid overload and increased production of reactive oxygen species after reoxygenation. LPS-stimulated prostaglandin-E2 production was dysregulated in macrophages, demonstrating the substrate buffer and reservoir function of LDs for eicosanoid production. In ApoE-/- Hilpda cKO mice, total aortic plaque area, plaque macrophages and vascular Vegf expression were reduced. Thus, macrophage Hilpda is crucial to foam-cell formation and lipid deposition, and to controlled prostaglandin-E2 production. By these means Hilpda promotes lesion formation and progression of atherosclerosis.-Maier, A., Wu, H., Cordasic, N., Oefner, P., Dietel, B., Thiele, C., Weidemann, A., Eckardt, K.-U., Warnecke, C. Hypoxia-inducible protein 2 Hig2/Hilpda mediates neutral lipid accumulation in macrophages and contributes to atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Maier
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nada Cordasic
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Oefner
- Institute for Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Dietel
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Angiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; and
| | - Alexander Weidemann
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Medicine I, Nephrology, Transplantation, and Medical Intensive Care, University Witten/Herdecke, Medical Center Cologne-Merheim, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Warnecke
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany;
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22
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Abstract
The anoxemia theory proposes that an imbalance between the demand for and supply of oxygen in the arterial wall is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis. There is now substantial evidence that there are regions within the atherosclerotic plaque in which profound hypoxia exists; this may fundamentally change the function, metabolism, and responses of many of the cell types found within the developing plaque and whether the plaque will evolve into a stable or unstable phenotype. Hypoxia is characterized in molecular terms by the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α, a subunit of the heterodimeric nuclear transcriptional factor HIF-1 and a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis. The expression of HIF-1 is localized to perivascular tissues, inflammatory macrophages, and smooth muscle cells adjacent to the necrotic core of atherosclerotic lesions and regulates several genes that are important to vascular function including vascular endothelial growth factor, nitric oxide synthase, endothelin-1, and erythropoietin. This review summarizes the effects of hypoxia on the functions of cells involved in atherogenesis and the evidence for its potential importance from experimental models and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon A A Ferns
- 1 Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Lamia Heikal
- 1 Department of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
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23
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Sarrazy V, Viaud M, Westerterp M, Ivanov S, Giorgetti-Peraldi S, Guinamard R, Gautier EL, Thorp EB, De Vivo DC, Yvan-Charvet L. Disruption of Glut1 in Hematopoietic Stem Cells Prevents Myelopoiesis and Enhanced Glucose Flux in Atheromatous Plaques of ApoE(-/-) Mice. Circ Res 2016; 118:1062-77. [PMID: 26926469 PMCID: PMC4824305 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.307599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Inflamed atherosclerotic plaques can be visualized by noninvasive positron emission and computed tomographic imaging with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose, a glucose analog, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE Here, we directly investigated the role of Glut1-mediated glucose uptake in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mouse model of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS We first showed that the enhanced glycolytic flux in atheromatous plaques of ApoE(-/-) mice was associated with the enhanced metabolic activity of hematopoietic stem and multipotential progenitor cells and higher Glut1 expression in these cells. Mechanistically, the regulation of Glut1 in ApoE(-/-) hematopoietic stem and multipotential progenitor cells was not because of alterations in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α signaling or the oxygenation status of the bone marrow but was the consequence of the activation of the common β subunit of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor/interleukin-3 receptor driving glycolytic substrate utilization by mitochondria. By transplanting bone marrow from WT, Glut1(+/-), ApoE(-/-), and ApoE(-/-)Glut1(+/-) mice into hypercholesterolemic ApoE-deficient mice, we found that Glut1 deficiency reversed ApoE(-/-) hematopoietic stem and multipotential progenitor cell proliferation and expansion, which prevented the myelopoiesis and accelerated atherosclerosis of ApoE(-/-) mice transplanted with ApoE(-/-) bone marrow and resulted in reduced glucose uptake in the spleen and aortic arch of these mice. CONCLUSIONS We identified that Glut1 connects the enhanced glucose uptake in atheromatous plaques of ApoE(-/-) mice with their myelopoiesis through regulation of hematopoietic stem and multipotential progenitor cell maintenance and myelomonocytic fate and suggests Glut1 as potential drug target for atherosclerosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Cell Division
- Cytokine Receptor Common beta Subunit/physiology
- Disease Progression
- Energy Metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glucose/metabolism
- Glucose Transporter Type 1/deficiency
- Glucose Transporter Type 1/physiology
- Glycolysis
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Hypercholesterolemia/genetics
- Hypercholesterolemia/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/deficiency
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/physiology
- Metformin/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Multipotent Stem Cells/metabolism
- Myelopoiesis/physiology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Interleukin-3/physiology
- Spleen/metabolism
- Tyrphostins/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Sarrazy
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.)
| | - Manon Viaud
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.)
| | - Marit Westerterp
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.)
| | - Stoyan Ivanov
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.)
| | - Sophie Giorgetti-Peraldi
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.)
| | - Rodolphe Guinamard
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.)
| | - Emmanuel L Gautier
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.)
| | - Edward B Thorp
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.)
| | - Darryl C De Vivo
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.)
| | - Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France (V.S., M.V., S.I., S.G.-P., R.G., L.Y.-C.); Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine (M.W.) and Department of Neurology (D.C.D.V.), Columbia University, New York, NY; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Pierre & Marie Curie University, Université Paris 06, Paris, France (E.L.G.); Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, France (E.L.G.); and Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (E.B.T.).
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24
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Abstract
Injury of arterial endothelium by abnormal shear stress and other insults induces migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which in turn leads to intimal thickening, hypoxia, and vasa vasorum angiogenesis. The resultant new blood vessels extend from the tunica media into the outer intima, allowing blood-borne oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) particles to accumulate in outer intimal tissues by extravasation through local capillaries. In response to oxLDL accumulation, monocytes infiltrate into arterial wall tissues, where they differentiate into macrophages and subsequently evolve into foam cells by uptaking large quantities of oxLDL particles, the latter process being stimulated by hypoxia. Increased oxygen demand due to expanding macrophage and foam cell populations contributes to persistent hypoxia in plaque lesions, whereas hypoxia further promotes plaque growth by stimulating angiogenesis, monocyte infiltration, and oxLDL uptake into macrophages. Molecularly, the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and the expression of its target genes mediate many of the hypoxia-induced processes during plaque initiation and growth. It is hoped that further understanding of the underlying mechanisms may lead to novel therapies for effective intervention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hua Fong
- Center for Vascular Biology and Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA,
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25
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Tawakol A, Singh P, Mojena M, Pimentel-Santillana M, Emami H, MacNabb M, Rudd JHF, Narula J, Enriquez JA, Través PG, Fernández-Velasco M, Bartrons R, Martín-Sanz P, Fayad ZA, Tejedor A, Boscá L. HIF-1α and PFKFB3 Mediate a Tight Relationship Between Proinflammatory Activation and Anerobic Metabolism in Atherosclerotic Macrophages. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:1463-71. [PMID: 25882065 PMCID: PMC4441599 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.305551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although it is accepted that macrophage glycolysis is upregulated under hypoxic conditions, it is not known whether this is linked to a similar increase in macrophage proinflammatory activation and whether specific energy demands regulate cell viability in the atheromatous plaque. APPROACH AND RESULTS We studied the interplay between macrophage energy metabolism, polarization, and viability in the context of atherosclerosis. Cultured human and murine macrophages and an in vivo murine model of atherosclerosis were used to evaluate the mechanisms underlying metabolic and inflammatory activity of macrophages in the different atherosclerotic conditions analyzed. We observed that macrophage energetics and inflammatory activation are closely and linearly related, resulting in dynamic calibration of glycolysis to keep pace with inflammatory activity. In addition, we show that macrophage glycolysis and proinflammatory activation mainly depend on hypoxia-inducible factor and on its impact on glucose uptake, and on the expression of hexokinase II and ubiquitous 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase. As a consequence, hypoxia potentiates inflammation and glycolysis mainly via these pathways. Moreover, when macrophages' ability to increase glycolysis through 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase is experimentally attenuated, cell viability is reduced if subjected to proinflammatory or hypoxic conditions, but unaffected under control conditions. In addition to this, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances anerobic glycolysis while exerting a mild proinflammatory activation. CONCLUSIONS These findings, in human and murine cells and in an animal model, show that hypoxia potentiates macrophage glycolytic flux in concert with a proportional upregulation of proinflammatory activity, in a manner that is dependent on both hypoxia-inducible factor -1α and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Tawakol
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.).
| | - Parmanand Singh
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Marina Mojena
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - María Pimentel-Santillana
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Hamed Emami
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Megan MacNabb
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - James H F Rudd
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Jagat Narula
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - José A Enriquez
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Paqui G Través
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - María Fernández-Velasco
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Ramón Bartrons
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Alberto Tejedor
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.)
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- From the Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.T., P.S., H.E., M.M.); Cardiology Division, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, NY (P.S.); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.M., M.P.-S., P.G.T., M.F.-V., P.M.-S., L.B.); Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain (M.M., A.T.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (J.H.F.R.); Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (J.N., Z.A.F.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain (J.A.E.); The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (P.G.T.); Idipaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain (M.F.-V.); and Unitat de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (R.B.).
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Schultze JL, Freeman T, Hume DA, Latz E. A transcriptional perspective on human macrophage biology. Semin Immunol 2015; 27:44-50. [PMID: 25843246 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are a major cell type in tissue homeostasis and contribute to both pathology and resolution in all acute and chronic inflammatory diseases ranging from infections, cancer, obesity, atherosclerosis, autoimmune disorders to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. The cellular and functional diversity of macrophages depends upon tightly regulated transcription. The innate immune system is under profound evolutionary selection. There is increasing recognition that human macrophage biology differs very significantly from that of commonly studied animal models, which therefore can have a limited predictive value. Here we report on the newest findings on transcriptional control of macrophage activation, and how we envision integrating studies on transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, and more classical approaches in murine models. Moreover, we provide new insights into how we can learn about transcriptional regulation in the human system from larger efforts such as the FANTOM (Functional Annotation of the Mammalian Genome) consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Tom Freeman
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK
| | - David A Hume
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, Scotland, UK
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, UMass Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53175 Bonn, Germany
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27
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Sergin I, Evans TD, Bhattacharya S, Razani B. Hypoxia in plaque macrophages: a new danger signal for interleukin-1β activation? Circ Res 2015; 115:817-20. [PMID: 25342768 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.305197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sergin
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine (I.S., T.D.E., S.B., B.R.) and Department of Pathology and Immunology (B.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Trent D Evans
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine (I.S., T.D.E., S.B., B.R.) and Department of Pathology and Immunology (B.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Somashubhra Bhattacharya
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine (I.S., T.D.E., S.B., B.R.) and Department of Pathology and Immunology (B.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Babak Razani
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine (I.S., T.D.E., S.B., B.R.) and Department of Pathology and Immunology (B.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
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Öörni K, Rajamäki K, Nguyen SD, Lähdesmäki K, Plihtari R, Lee-Rueckert M, Kovanen PT. Acidification of the intimal fluid: the perfect storm for atherogenesis. J Lipid Res 2014; 56:203-14. [PMID: 25424004 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r050252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic lesions are often hypoxic and exhibit elevated lactate concentrations and local acidification of the extracellular fluids. The acidification may be a consequence of the abundant accumulation of lipid-scavenging macrophages in the lesions. Activated macrophages have a very high energy demand and they preferentially use glycolysis for ATP synthesis even under normoxic conditions, resulting in enhanced local generation and secretion of lactate and protons. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the effects of acidic extracellular pH on three key players in atherogenesis: macrophages, apoB-containing lipoproteins, and HDL particles. Acidic extracellular pH enhances receptor-mediated phagocytosis and antigen presentation by macrophages and, importantly, triggers the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines from macrophages through activation of the inflammasome pathway. Acidity enhances the proteolytic, lipolytic, and oxidative modifications of LDL and other apoB-containing lipoproteins, and strongly increases their affinity for proteoglycans, and may thus have major effects on their retention and the ensuing cellular responses in the arterial intima. Finally, the decrease in the expression of ABCA1 at acidic pH may compromise cholesterol clearance from atherosclerotic lesions. Taken together, acidic extracellular pH amplifies the proatherogenic and proinflammatory processes involved in atherogenesis.
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Tazzyman S, Murdoch C, Yeomans J, Harrison J, Muthana M. Macrophage-mediated response to hypoxia in disease. HYPOXIA 2014; 2:185-196. [PMID: 27774476 PMCID: PMC5045066 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s49717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia plays a critical role in the pathobiology of various inflamed, diseased tissues, including malignant tumors, atherosclerotic plaques, myocardial infarcts, the synovia of rheumatoid arthritic joints, healing wounds, and sites of bacterial infection. These areas of hypoxia form when the blood supply is occluded and/or the oxygen supply is unable to keep pace with cell growth and/or infiltration of inflammatory cells. Macrophages are ubiquitous in all tissues of the body and exhibit great plasticity, allowing them to perform divergent functions, including, among others, patrolling tissue, combating invading pathogens and tumor cells, orchestrating wound healing, and restoring homeostasis after an inflammatory response. The number of tissue macrophages increases markedly with the onset and progression of many pathological states, with many macrophages accumulating in avascular and necrotic areas, where they are exposed to hypoxia. Recent studies show that these highly versatile cells then respond rapidly to the hypoxia present by altering their expression of a wide array of genes. Here we review the evidence for hypoxia-driven macrophage inflammatory responses in various disease states, and how this influences disease progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Munitta Muthana
- Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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30
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Vlaminck B, Calay D, Genin M, Sauvage A, Ninane N, Zouaoui Boudjeltia K, Raes M, Michiels C. Effects of copper sulfate-oxidized or myeloperoxidase-modified LDL on lipid loading and programmed cell death in macrophages under hypoxia. HYPOXIA (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2014; 2:153-169. [PMID: 27774474 PMCID: PMC5045064 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s65242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Atheromatous plaques contain heavily lipid-loaded macrophages that die, hence generating the necrotic core of these plaques. Since plaque instability and rupture is often correlated with a large necrotic core, it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying foam cell death. Furthermore, macrophages within the plaque are associated with hypoxic areas but little is known about the effect of low oxygen partial pressure on macrophage death. The aim of this work was to unravel macrophage death mechanisms induced by oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDL) both under normoxia and hypoxia. Differentiated macrophages were incubated in the presence of native, copper sulfate-oxidized, or myeloperoxidase-modified LDL. The unfolded protein response, apoptosis, and autophagy were then investigated. The unfolded protein response and autophagy were triggered by myeloperoxidase-modified LDL and, to a larger extent, by copper sulfate-oxidized LDL. Electron microscopy observations showed that oxidized LDL induced excessive autophagy and apoptosis under normoxia, which were less marked under hypoxia. Myeloperoxidase-modified LDL were more toxic and induced a higher level of apoptosis. Hypoxia markedly decreased apoptosis and cell death, as marked by caspase activation. In conclusion, the cell death pathways induced by copper sulfate-oxidized and myeloperoxidase-modified LDL are different and are differentially modulated by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Vlaminck
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Damien Calay
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Marie Genin
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Aude Sauvage
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Noelle Ninane
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Karim Zouaoui Boudjeltia
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222 Unit), Universite Libre de Bruxelles, CHU de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Martine Raes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Carine Michiels
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hypoxia triggers various cellular processes, both in physiological and pathological conditions, and has recently also been implicated in atherosclerosis. This review summarizes the recent evidence for the presence and the role of hypoxia in atherosclerosis. Additionally, it will elucidate on hypoxic signaling, which is interlinked with inflammatory signaling, and discuss recent advances in imaging of hypoxia in atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS Hypoxia is present in atherosclerotic plaques in humans and animal models, and systemic hypoxia promotes atherosclerosis. Hypoxia stimulates proatherosclerotic processes, like deficient lipid efflux, inflammation, interference with macrophage polarization and glucose metabolism. However, the molecular mechanism of hypoxia-mediated atherogenesis remains unclear. Noninvasive imaging directly targeting plaque hypoxia has been applied in animal models of atherosclerosis, but remains to be validated in humans. Meanwhile, the metabolic marker ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose, used to detect human atherosclerosis in vivo, may serve as an indirect marker of plaque hypoxia due to enhanced glucose uptake in anaerobic metabolism. SUMMARY Recent studies underscore the proatherogenic role of hypoxia in macrophage lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation and polarization. These studies provide new insights into the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and unravel novel therapeutic targets and new options for noninvasive imaging of human atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Marsch
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht-CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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