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Muse O, Patell R, Peters CG, Yang M, El-Darzi E, Schulman S, Falanga A, Marchetti M, Russo L, Zwicker JI, Flaumenhaft R. The unfolded protein response links ER stress to cancer-associated thrombosis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e170148. [PMID: 37651191 PMCID: PMC10629814 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.170148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is a common complication of advanced cancer, yet the cellular mechanisms linking malignancy to thrombosis are poorly understood. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an ER stress response associated with advanced cancers. A proteomic evaluation of plasma from patients with gastric and non-small cell lung cancer who were monitored prospectively for venous thromboembolism demonstrated increased levels of UPR-related markers in plasma of patients who developed clots compared with those who did not. Release of procoagulant activity into supernatants of gastric, lung, and pancreatic cancer cells was enhanced by UPR induction and blocked by antagonists of the UPR receptors inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). Release of extracellular vesicles bearing tissue factor (EVTFs) from pancreatic cancer cells was inhibited by siRNA-mediated knockdown of IRE1α/XBP1 or PERK pathways. Induction of UPR did not increase tissue factor (TF) synthesis, but rather stimulated localization of TF to the cell surface. UPR-induced TF delivery to EVTFs was inhibited by ADP-ribosylation factor 1 knockdown or GBF1 antagonism, verifying the role of vesicular trafficking. Our findings show that UPR activation resulted in increased vesicular trafficking leading to release of prothrombotic EVTFs, thus providing a mechanistic link between ER stress and cancer-associated thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyosi Muse
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rushad Patell
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christian G. Peters
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Moua Yang
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emale El-Darzi
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sol Schulman
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Falanga
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marina Marchetti
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Laura Russo
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Jeffrey I. Zwicker
- Hematology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert Flaumenhaft
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Trostchansky A, Alarcon M. An Overview of Two Old Friends Associated with Platelet Redox Signaling, the Protein Disulfide Isomerase and NADPH Oxidase. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050848. [PMID: 37238717 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress participates at the baseline of different non-communicable pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases. Excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), above the signaling levels necessary for the correct function of organelles and cells, may contribute to the non-desired effects of oxidative stress. Platelets play a relevant role in arterial thrombosis, by aggregation triggered by different agonists, where excessive ROS formation induces mitochondrial dysfunction and stimulate platelet activation and aggregation. Platelet is both a source and a target of ROS, thus we aim to analyze both the platelet enzymes responsible for ROS generation and their involvement in intracellular signal transduction pathways. Among the proteins involved in these processes are Protein Disulphide Isomerase (PDI) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) isoforms. By using bioinformatic tools and information from available databases, a complete bioinformatic analysis of the role and interactions of PDI and NOX in platelets, as well as the signal transduction pathways involved in their effects was performed. We focused the study on analyzing whether these proteins collaborate to control platelet function. The data presented in the current manuscript support the role that PDI and NOX play on activation pathways necessary for platelet activation and aggregation, as well as on the platelet signaling imbalance produced by ROS production. Our data could be used to design specific enzyme inhibitors or a dual inhibition for these enzymes with an antiplatelet effect to design promising treatments for diseases involving platelet dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo Alarcon
- Thrombosis Research Center, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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Keylani K, Arbab Mojeni F, Khalaji A, Rasouli A, Aminzade D, Karimi MA, Sanaye PM, Khajevand N, Nemayandeh N, Poudineh M, Azizabadi Farahani M, Esfandiari MA, Haghshoar S, Kheirandish A, Amouei E, Abdi A, Azizinezhad A, Khani A, Deravi N. Endoplasmic reticulum as a target in cardiovascular diseases: Is there a role for flavonoids? Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1027633. [PMID: 36703744 PMCID: PMC9871646 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1027633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are found in natural health products and plant-based foods. The flavonoid molecules contain a 15-carbon skeleton with the particular structural construction of subclasses. The most flavonoid's critical subclasses with improved health properties are the catechins or flavonols (e.g., epigallocatechin 3-gallate from green tea), the flavones (e.g., apigenin from celery), the flavanones (e.g., naringenin from citrus), the flavanols (e.g., quercetin glycosides from berries, onion, and apples), the isoflavones (e.g., genistein from soya beans) and the anthocyanins (e.g., cyanidin-3-O-glucoside from berries). Scientific data conclusively demonstrates that frequent intake of efficient amounts of dietary flavonoids decreases chronic inflammation and the chance of oxidative stress expressing the pathogenesis of human diseases like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a critical organelle that plays a role in protein folding, post-transcriptional conversion, and transportation, which plays a critical part in maintaining cell homeostasis. Various stimuli can lead to the creation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and then arise in endoplasmic reticulum stress. Constant endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers unfolded protein response (UPR), which ultimately causes apoptosis. Research has shown that endoplasmic reticulum stress plays a critical part in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, aortic aneurysm, and hypertension. Endoplasmic reticulum stress could be one of the crucial points in treating multiple cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarized findings on flavonoids' effects on the endoplasmic reticulum and their role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Keylani
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Arbab Mojeni
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Asma Rasouli
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Dlnya Aminzade
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Karimi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nazanin Khajevand
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nasrin Nemayandeh
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mohammad Ali Esfandiari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sepehr Haghshoar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ali Kheirandish
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Erfan Amouei
- Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Abdi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Azizinezhad
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Khani
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Niloofar Deravi,
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4
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Novel approaches to antiplatelet therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Yang M, Flaumenhaft R. Oxidative Cysteine Modification of Thiol Isomerases in Thrombotic Disease: A Hypothesis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1134-1155. [PMID: 34121445 PMCID: PMC8817710 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Oxidative stress is a characteristic of many systemic diseases associated with thrombosis. Thiol isomerases are a family of oxidoreductases important in protein folding and are exquisitely sensitive to the redox environment. They are essential for thrombus formation and represent a previously unrecognized layer of control of the thrombotic process. Yet, the mechanisms by which thiol isomerases function in thrombus formation are unknown. Recent Advances: The oxidoreductase activity of thiol isomerases in thrombus formation is controlled by the redox environment via oxidative changes to active site cysteines. Specific alterations can now be detected owing to advances in the chemical biology of oxidative cysteine modifications. Critical Issues: Understanding of the role of thiol isomerases in thrombus formation has focused largely on identifying single disulfide bond modifications in isolated proteins (e.g., αIIbβ3, tissue factor, vitronectin, or glycoprotein Ibα [GPIbα]). An alternative approach is to conceptualize thiol isomerases as effectors in redox signaling pathways that control thrombotic potential by modifying substrate networks. Future Directions: Cysteine-based chemical biology will be employed to study thiol-dependent dynamics mediated by the redox state of thiol isomerases at the systems level. This approach could identify thiol isomerase-dependent modifications of the disulfide landscape that are prothrombotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moua Yang
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert Flaumenhaft
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Vascular thiol isomerases: Structures, regulatory mechanisms, and inhibitor development. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:626-635. [PMID: 34757205 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vascular thiol isomerases (VTIs), including PDI, ERp5, ERp57, ERp72, and thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 1 (TMX1), have important roles in platelet aggregation and thrombosis. Research on VTIs, their substrates in thrombosis, their regulatory mechanisms, and inhibitor development is an emerging and rapidly evolving area in vascular biology. Here, we describe the structures and functions of VTIs, summarize the relationship between the vascular TIs and thrombosis, and focus on the development of VTI inhibitors for antithrombotic applications.
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7
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Gaspar RS, Mansilla S, Vieira VA, da Silva LB, Gibbins JM, Castro L, Trostchansky A, Paes AMDA. The protein disulphide isomerase inhibitor CxxCpep modulates oxidative burst and mitochondrial function in platelets. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:668-674. [PMID: 34252541 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously described CxxCpep, a peptide with anti-platelet properties that inhibits peri/epicellular protein disulphide isomerase (pecPDI) by forming a mixed disulfide bond with Cys400 within the pecPDI active site. OBJECTIVES Here we sought to determine if pecPDI targeted by CxxCpep is relevant to redox mechanisms downstream of the collagen receptor GPVI in platelets. METHODS AND RESULTS Restriction of effects of CxxCpep to the platelet surface was confirmed by LC-MS/MS following cell fractionation. Platelet aggregation was measured in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) incubated with 30 μM CxxCpep or vehicle. CxxCpep inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation but exerted no effect in TRAP-6-stimulated platelets. PRP was incubated with DCFDA to measure oxidative burst upon platelet adhesion to collagen. Results showed that CxxCpep decreased oxidative burst in platelets adhered to immobilized collagen while the number of adherent cells was unaffected. Furthermore, flow cytometry studies using a FITC-maleimide showed that the GPVI agonist CRP stimulated an increase in free thiols on the platelet outer membrane, which was inhibited by CxxCpep. Finally, CxxCpep inhibited platelet mitochondrial respiration upon activation with collagen, but not with thrombin. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that pecPDI is a potential modulator of GPVI-mediated redox regulation mechanisms and that CxxCpep can be further exploited as a template for new antiplatelet compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato S Gaspar
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK; Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil; Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Health Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Santiago Mansilla
- Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay; Departamento de Bioquímica y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Victor A Vieira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Ludmila B da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Laura Castro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Antonio Marcus de A Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiology, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.
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Shi R, Gao S, Zhang J, Xu J, Graham LM, Yang X, Li C. Collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases modify tumor progression. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:805-814. [PMID: 34009234 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen is the main component of the extracellular matrix. Hydroxylation of proline residues on collagen, catalyzed by collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase (C-P4H), is essential for the stability of the collagen triple helix. Vertebrate C-P4H is an α2β2 tetramer with three isoenzymes differing in the catalytic α-subunits, which are encoded by P4HA1, P4HA2, and P4HA3 genes. In contrast, β-subunit is encoded by a single gene P4HB. The expressions of P4HAs and P4HB are regulated by multiple cellular factors, including cytokines, transcription factors, and microRNAs. P4HAs and P4HB are highly expressed in many tumors and participate in cancer progression. Several inhibitors of P4HAs and P4HB have been confirmed to have anti-tumor effects, suggesting that targeting C-P4H is a feasible strategy for cancer treatment. Here, we summarize recent progresses on the function and expression of regulatory mechanisms of C-P4H in cancer progression and point out the potential development of therapeutic strategies in targeting C-P4H in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Shi
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832008, China
| | - Linda M Graham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Xiaowen Yang
- Department of the First Abdominal Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Cancer Center, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Chaoyang Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510095, China
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9
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Huang Q, Tang J, Chai X, Ren W, Wang J, Gan Q, Shi J, Wang M, Yang S, Liu J, Ma L. Affinity ultrafiltration and UPLC-HR-Orbitrap-MS based screening of thrombin-targeted small molecules with anticoagulation activity from Poecilobdella manillensis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1178:122822. [PMID: 34147951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to screen potential anticoagulant components from leeches, a representative animal-sourced traditional Chinese medicine using thrombin (THR)-targeted ultrafiltration combined with ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-HR-Orbitrap-MS). As a result, five small molecules in leech extract were discovered to interact with THR for the first time. Among them, two new compounds were isolated and their structures were identified by IR, HR-MS and NMR data. Furthermore, their THR inhibitory activity was confirmed with IC50 values of 4.74 and 8.31 μM, respectively. In addition, molecular docking analysis showed that the active (catalytic) site of THR might be the possible binding site of the two hits. Finally, reverse screening analysis indicated that LTA4-H, ACE and ALOX5AP were potential anticoagulant targets of the two new compounds. This study will broaden our understanding of the medicinal substance basis in leeches and further contribute to the discovery and development of clinical anticoagulant drugs from leeches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiaoxin Chai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - JiaBo Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qichao Gan
- Chongqing Duoputai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chongqing 400800, China
| | - Jingyan Shi
- Chongqing Duoputai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chongqing 400800, China
| | - Manyuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Sijin Yang
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jingfang Liu
- Public Technology Service Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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10
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Thromboinflammation Model-on-A-Chip by Whole Blood Microfluidics on Fixed Human Endothelium. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020203. [PMID: 33573079 PMCID: PMC7911484 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic devices have an established role in the study of platelets and coagulation factors in thrombosis, with potential diagnostic applications. However, few microfluidic devices have assessed the contribution of neutrophils to thrombus formation, despite increasing knowledge of neutrophils’ importance in cardiovascular thrombosis. We describe a thromboinflammation model which uses straight channels, lined with fixed human umbilical vein endothelial cells, after treatment with tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Re-calcified whole blood is perfused over the endothelium at venous and arterial shear rate. Neutrophil adhesion, platelet and fibrin thrombus formation, is measured over time by the addition of fluorescent antibodies to a whole blood sample. Fixed endothelium retains surface expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and E-Selectin. Neutrophils adhere preferentially to platelet thrombi on the endothelium. Inhibitors of neutrophil adhesion and anti-inflammatory agents, such as isoquercetin, decrease neutrophil adhesion. Our model offers the advantage of the use of (1) fixed endothelium, (2) whole blood, instead of isolated neutrophils, and (3) a small amount of blood (1 mL). The characteristics of this thromboinflammation model provide the potential for further development for drug screening and point-of-care applications.
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11
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Wu H, Su M, Jin H, Li X, Wang P, Chen J, Chen J. Rutin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles With Antithrombotic Function. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:598977. [PMID: 33324624 PMCID: PMC7723967 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.598977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we fabricated rutin-loaded silver nanoparticles (Rutin@AgNPs) as the nano-anticoagulant with antithrombotic function. The serum stability, anticoagulation activity, and bleeding risk of Rutin@AgNPs were evaluated. The results showed Rutin@AgNPs had good serum stability, hemocompatibility, and cytocompatibility. The anticoagulation activity of rutin was maintained, and its stability and aqueous solubility were improved. The Rutin@AgNPs could provide a sustained release to prolong the half-life of rutin. The results of the coagulation parameter assay and thrombus formation test in mice model showed that the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were prolonged, and Rutin@AgNPs inhibited the thrombosis in the 48 h period. Moreover, the limited bleeding time indicated that the Rutin@AgNPs significantly minimized the hemorrhage risk of rutin. This Rutin@AgNPs is a potential anticoagulant for antithrombotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jingxiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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12
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Wang L, Yu J, Wang CC. Protein disulfide isomerase is regulated in multiple ways: Consequences for conformation, activities, and pathophysiological functions. Bioessays 2020; 43:e2000147. [PMID: 33155310 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is one of the most abundant and critical protein folding catalysts in the endoplasmic reticulum of eukaryotic cells. PDI consists of four thioredoxin domains and interacts with a wide range of substrate and partner proteins due to its intrinsic conformational flexibility. PDI plays multifunctional roles in a variety of pathophysiological events, both as an oxidoreductase and a molecular chaperone. Recent studies have revealed that the conformation and activity of PDI can be regulated in multiple ways, including posttranslational modification and substrate/ligand binding. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the function and regulation of PDI in different pathological and physiological events. We propose that the multifunctional roles of PDI are regulated by multiple mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss future directions for the study of PDI, emphasizing how different regulatory modes are linked to the conformational changes and biological functions of PDI in the context of diverse pathophysiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Yu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chih-Chen Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Abstract
Fruits come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and flavors. This chapter will cover selected fruits that are known to be healthy and highly nutritious. These fruits were chosen due to their common usage and availability. Since it is not possible to cover all health benefits or essential nutrients and important phytochemicals of the fruit composition, this chapter will focus on the key valuable constituents and their potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan G Mohammed
- Qatar Research Leadership Program (QRLP), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - M Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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14
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Kafian S, Wallén H, Samad BA, Mobarrez F. Microvesicles from patients with acute coronary syndrome enhance platelet aggregation. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2019; 79:507-512. [PMID: 31502883 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1663554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Microvesicles (MVs) released from leukocytes, platelets and endothelial cells are elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In the present study, we assessed the potential pro-aggregatory properties of MVs obtained from ACS patients. Thus, we divided the patients into two groups based on clopidogrel-responsiveness, i.e. high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR; n = 16), and low or normal on-treatment platelet reactivity (non-HPR; n = 14), respectively. MVs from patients were obtained by high-speed centrifugation, and the pro-aggregatory effect of MVs added to fresh isolated platelets from healthy subjects were analyzed by 96-well microplate aggregometry. MVs from HPR patients significantly enhanced spontaneous platelet aggregation around two times more than MVs from non-HPR patients. The pro-aggregatory effect of three out of four MV phenotypes correlated to MV-concentrations as determined by flow cytometry. Furthermore, MVs from patients with diabetes mellitus (n = 9) had a stronger pro-aggregatory effect compared to MVs from those without diabetes (n = 21; p = .025 between groups). In conclusion, MVs from ACS patients with clopidogrel non-responsiveness enhance platelet aggregation, as do MVs from ACS patients with diabetes. Thus, MVs from patients with hyperreactive platelets boost platelet aggregation. Blocking MV-formation may reduce platelet hyperreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Kafian
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Håkan Wallén
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Bassem A Samad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Fariborz Mobarrez
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
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15
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Qin RR, Zhu H, Wang F, Song M, Lin PL, Xing YQ, Zhang W, Zhong M, Wang ZH. Platelet activation in diabetic mice models: the role of vascular endothelial cell-derived protein disulfide isomerase-mediated GP IIb/IIIa receptor activation. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:6358-6370. [PMID: 31437127 PMCID: PMC6738422 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
GP IIb/IIIa receptor activation plays an important role in thrombosis. The mechanism of early activation of GP IIb/IIIa receptors in diabetic conditions remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the release of Endothelial microparticle (EMP)-associated protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) after endothelial cell injury induced in diabetes and the changes in platelet activation. We produced an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus using ApoE-/- mice. Normal ApoE-/- and diabetic mice were allocated to four groups (n = 15): normal diet, normal diet plus rutin, diabetic, and diabetes plus rutin. The EMP-PDI content and GP IIb/IIIa expression of mice platelets were determined. In addition, EMPs obtained from the four groups were pretreated with the PDI inhibitor rutin; then, their effects on the platelets of normal C57 mice were characterized. Compared with the normal diet group, the diabetic group had significantly increased plasma EMP-PDI content and accelerated platelet activation by increased GP IIb/IIIa expression. In conclusion, EMP-PDI promotes early platelet activation through glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptors present on platelet surface in the diabetic state. However, this process could be partially suppressed by the administration of rutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran-Ran Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Feng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ming Song
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Pei-Lin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Xing
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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16
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Cheng S, Tu M, Liu H, Zhao G, Du M. Food-derived antithrombotic peptides: Preparation, identification, and interactions with thrombin. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 59:S81-S95. [PMID: 30740983 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1524363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thromboembolism and its sequelae have been the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Food-derived antithrombotic peptides, as potential ingredients in health-promoting functional foods targeting thrombus, have attracted increasing attention because of their high biological activities, low toxicity, and ease of metabolism in the human body. This review presents the conventional workflow of preparation, isolation and identification of antithrombotic peptides from various kinds of food materials. More importantly, to analyze the antithrombotic effects and mechanism of antithrombotic peptides, methods for interaction of anticoagulant peptides and thrombin, the main participant in thrombosis, were analyzed from biochemistry, solution chemistry and crystal chemistry. The present study is intended to highlight the recent advances in research of food-derived antithrombotic peptide as a novel vehicle in the field of food science and nutrition. Future outlooks are highlighted with the aim to suggest a research line to be followed in further studies with the introduced research approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzheng Cheng
- a School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning , China.,b Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Maolin Tu
- c Department of Food Science and Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Hanxiong Liu
- a School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning , China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- b Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , Beijing , China
| | - Ming Du
- a School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian , Liaoning , China
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17
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You Y, Zhang Q, Zhang XG, Liu L, Zhang QL, Ding SL, Chen Y, Wang JY, Wang L, Liang RX, Liao FL, Wang YH. Effects of water-soluble tomato concentrate on platelet aggregation. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_35_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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18
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Stopa JD, Zwicker JI. The intersection of protein disulfide isomerase and cancer associated thrombosis. Thromb Res 2018; 164 Suppl 1:S130-S135. [PMID: 29703471 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the hypercoagulability of cancer are complex and include the upregulation coagulation factors or procoagulant proteins, shedding of microparticles, and direct activation of vascular cells. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a thiol isomerase secreted from activated platelets and endothelial cells and plays a critical role in both platelet aggregation and fibrin generation. A number of potential intravascular targets of PDI have been identified including cell surface receptors (e.g. β-integrins and glycoprotein Ib), receptor ligands (e.g. fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor), serine proteases (e.g. cathepsin G and kallekrein-14), and coagulation factors (e.g. factor XI and factor V). Recent clinical studies demonstrated that a small molecule inhibitor of PDI, isoquercetin, decreases platelet-dependent thrombin generation and PDI activity in plasma following oral administration. This review explores the mechanistic overlap between the molecular drivers of cancer associated thrombosis and the potential roles PDI plays in mediating thrombosis. These molecular insights provide rationale for clinical trials targeting PDI to prevent thrombosis in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack D Stopa
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jeffrey I Zwicker
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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19
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Chen F, Zhao Z, Zhou J, Lu Y, Essex DW, Wu Y. Protein disulfide isomerase enhances tissue factor-dependent thrombin generation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:172-177. [PMID: 29709484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) plays an important role in fibrin generation in vivo, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, using thrombin generation assay (TGA), we investigated whether PDI contributes to tissue factor (TF)-mediated thrombin generation. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated with 100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the expression of TF on cell surface was analyzed by flow cytometry. After incubation with an inhibitory anti-TF antibody, recombinant PDI protein or a PDI inhibitor PACMA31, LPS-stimulated human PBMCs were incubated with human plasma, and thrombin generation was assessed by Ceveron Alpha TGA and a fluorescent thrombin substrate. Bone marrow mononuclear cells isolated from PDI-knockout and wild-type mice were stimulated by LPS, followed by measurement of thrombin generation. LPS stimulation increased expression of TF on PBMCs, and thrombin generation. Inhibitory anti-TF antibody almost completely suppressed thrombin generation of LPS-stimulated PBMCs, suggesting that thrombin generation was TF-dependent. Recombinant PDI protein increased thrombin generation, while PACMA31 attenuated thrombin generation. Compared with control cells, PDI-deficient marrow mononuclear cells had less capacity in thrombin generation. Taken together, these data suggest that PDI enhances TF-dependent thrombin generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwu Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Junsong Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Wuhan Thalys Medical Technology Inc, Wuhan, China
| | - David W Essex
- The Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA
| | - Yi Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; The Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA.
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20
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Discovery of a Novel ERp57 Inhibitor as Antiplatelet Agent from Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:9387568. [PMID: 29849736 PMCID: PMC5941821 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9387568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) is a well-known herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating cardiovascular diseases, but the underlying mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we showed that Danshen and its active ingredient rosmarinic acid exhibited antiplatelet effects through the inhibition of ERp57, a member of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) with potential roles in platelet aggregation. Danshen extract (DSE) exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid- (AA-) induced platelet aggregation and the enzymatic activity of ERp57. Rosmarinic acid was identified by virtual screening and molecular docking as one of the hit compounds for ERp57. In line with this, rosmarinic acid displayed significant inhibitory effect on ERp57 activity and inhibited AA-induced platelet aggregation. Taken together, we demonstrated for the first time that DSE and rosmarinic acid displayed inhibitory effects on the catalytic activity of ERp57, providing evidence of the regulatory role of ERp57 underlying the antiplatelet effects of Danshen.
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21
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Fan GQ, Qin RR, Li YH, Song DJ, Chen TS, Zhang W, Zhong M, Zhang Y, Xing YQ, Wang ZH. Endothelial cells microparticle-associated protein disulfide isomerase promotes platelet activation in metabolic syndrome. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83231-83240. [PMID: 27825126 PMCID: PMC5347765 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common challenge in the world, and the platelet activation is enhanced in MetS patients. However, the fundamental mechanism that underlies platelet activation in MetS remains incompletely understood. Endothelial cells are damaged seriously in MetS patients, then they release more endothelial microparticles (EMPs). After all, whether the EMPs participate in platelet activation is still obscure. If they were, how did they work? RESULTS We demonstrated that the levels of EMPs, PMPs (platelet derived microparticles) and microparticle-carried-PDI activity increased in MetS patients. IR endothelial cells released more EMPs, the EMP-PDI was more activated. EMPs can enhance the activation of CD62P, GPIIb/IIIa and platelet aggregation and this process can be partly inhibited by PDI inhibitor such as RL90 and rutin. Activated platelets stimulated by EMPs expressed more PDI on cytoplasm and released more PMPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We obtained plasma from 23 MetS patients and 8 normal healthy controls. First we built insulin resistance (IR) model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and then we separated EMPs from HUVECs culture medium and used these EMPs to stimulate platelets. Levels of microparticles, P-selectin(CD62P), Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) were detected by flow cytometry and levels of EMPs were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) activity was detected by insulin transhydrogenase assay. Platelet aggregation was assessed by turbidimetry. CONCLUSION EMPs can promote the activation of GPIIb/IIIa in platelets and platelet aggregation by the PDI which is carried on the surface of EMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Qi Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Radiology Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ran-Ran Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R.China
| | - Yi-Hui Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Dai-Jun Song
- Department of Emergency, Donggang People's Hospital, Rizhao, 276800, P.R. China
| | - Tong-Shuai Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qiu Xing
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R.China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, P.R.China
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present review will provide an overview of several recent advances in the field of vascular thiol isomerase function. RECENT FINDINGS The initial observation that protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) functions in thrombus formation occurred approximately a decade ago. At the time, there was little understanding regarding how PDI or other vascular thiol isomerases contribute to thrombosis. Although this problem is far from solved, the past few years have seen substantial progress in several areas that will be reviewed in this article. The relationship between PDI structure and its function has been investigated and applied to identify domains of PDI that are critical for thrombus formation. The mechanisms that direct thiol isomerase storage and release from platelets and endothelium have been studied. New techniques including kinetic-based trapping have identified substrates that vascular thiol isomerases modify during thrombus formation. Novel inhibitors of thiol isomerases have been developed that are useful both as tools to interrogate PDI function and as potential therapeutics. Human studies have been conducted to measure circulating PDI in disease states and evaluate the effect of oral administration of a PDI inhibitor on ex-vivo thrombin generation. SUMMARY Current findings indicate that thiol isomerase-mediated disulfide bond modification in receptors and plasma proteins is an important layer of control of thrombosis and vascular function more generally.
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Wang X, Xue G, Song M, Xu P, Chen D, Yuan C, Lin L, Flaumenhaft R, Li J, Huang M. Molecular basis of rutin inhibition of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) by combinedin silicoand experimental methods. RSC Adv 2018; 8:18480-18491. [PMID: 35541126 PMCID: PMC9080521 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02683a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a founding member of the thiol isomerase family, and is recently found to play critical roles in thrombus formation. The development of effective PDI inhibitors is of great significance, and attracts strong interest. We previously showed that rutin bound directly to PDI and inhibited PDI activities, leading to the suppression of platelet aggregation and fibrin generation in a mouse model. A close analog of rutin, isoquercetin, is currently in advanced phase clinical trials. However, the molecular interaction between rutin and PDI is unknown and is difficult to study by X-ray crystallography due to the weak interaction. Here, we generated a molecular model of PDI:rutin complex by molecular docking and thorough molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We then validated the complex model through a number of different experimental methods. We mutated the key residues predicted by the model and analyzed the mutants by an optimized isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) method and a functional assay (insulin reduction assay). The results consistently showed that the PDI residues H354, L355 and E359 are important in the binding of rutin. These residues are next to the canonical major substrate binding site of the b′ domain, and were not conserved across the members of thiol isomerases, explaining the specificity of rutin for PDI among vascular thiol isomerases. Furthermore, the inhibitory activities of three rutin analogues were evaluated using an insulin reduction assay. The results supported that the second sugar ring at the side chain of rutin was not necessary for the binding to PDI. Together, this work provides the structural basis for the inhibitory mechanism of rutin to PDI, and offers a promising strategy for the design of new generation inhibitors with higher binding affinity to PDI for therapeutic applications. Rutin binds and inhibits PDI at b′x domain, H354 is one of the main binding sites.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Guangpu Xue
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- China
| | - Meiru Song
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- China
| | - Cai Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- China
| | - Lin Lin
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
- Harvard Medical School
- Boston
- USA
| | | | - Jinyu Li
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou 350116
- China
| | - Mingdong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
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Capolupo A, Cassiano C, Casapullo A, Andreotti G, Cubellis MV, Riccio A, Riccio R, Monti MC. Identification of Trombospondin-1 as a Novel Amelogenin Interactor by Functional Proteomics. Front Chem 2017; 5:74. [PMID: 29057222 PMCID: PMC5635807 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenins are a set of low molecular-weight enamel proteins belonging to a group of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins with a key role in tooth enamel development and in other regeneration processes, such as wound healing and angiogenesis. Since only few data are actually available to unravel amelogenin mechanism of action in chronic skin healing restoration, we moved to the full characterization of the human amelogenin isoform 2 interactome in the secretome and lysate of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial cells (HUVEC), using a functional proteomic approach. Trombospondin-1 has been identified as a novel and interesting partner of human amelogenin isoform 2 and their direct binding has been validated thought biophysical orthogonal approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Capolupo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.,PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Chiara Cassiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Andreotti
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria V Cubellis
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Raffaele Riccio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maria C Monti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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25
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Sousa HR, Gaspar RS, Sena EML, da Silva SA, Fontelles JL, AraUjo TLS, Mastrogiovanni M, Fries DM, Azevedo-Santos APS, Laurindo FRM, Trostchansky A, Paes AM. Novel antiplatelet role for a protein disulfide isomerase-targeted peptide: evidence of covalent binding to the C-terminal CGHC redox motif. J Thromb Haemost 2017; 15:774-784. [PMID: 28109047 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Essentials Inhibitors of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) have been considered a new antithrombotic class. CxxC is a PDI-targeted peptide that has been previously shown to inhibit its reductase activity. CxxC binds to surface PDI and inhibits ADP- and thrombin-evoked platelet activation and aggregation. CxxC binds to Cys400 on CGHC redox motif of PDI a' domain, a site for PDI prothrombotic activity. SUMMARY Background Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) plays a major role in platelet aggregation, and its inhibitors have emerged as novel antithrombotic drugs. In previous work, we designed a peptide based on a PDI redox motif (CGHC) that inhibited both PDI reductase activity and PDI-modulated superoxide generation by neutrophil Nox2. Thus, we hypothesized that this peptide would also inhibit platelet aggregation by association with surface PDI. Methods Three peptides were used: CxxC, containing the PDI redox motif; Scr, presenting a scrambled sequence of the same residues and AxxA, with cysteines replaced by alanine. These peptides were tested under platelet aggregation and flow cytometry protocols to identify their possible antiplatelet activity. We labeled membrane free thiol and electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to test for an interaction. Results CxxC decreased platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner, being more potent at lower agonist concentrations, whereas neither AxxA nor Scr peptides exerted any effect. CxxC decreased aIIbb3 activation, but had no effect on the other markers. CxxC also decreased cell surface PDI pulldown without interfering with the total thiol protein content. Finally, we detected the addition of one CxxC molecule to reduced PDI through binding to Cys400 through mass spectrometry. Interestingly, CxxC did not react with oxidized PDI. Discussion CxxC has consistently shown its antiplatelet effects, both in PRP and washed platelets, corroborated by decreased aIIbb3 activation. The probable mechanism of action is through a mixed dissulphide bond with Cys400 of PDI, which has been shown to be essential for PDI's actions. Conclusion In summary, our data support antiplatelet activity for CxxC through binding to Cys400 in the PDI a0 domain, which can be further exploited as a model for sitedriven antithrombotic agent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Sousa
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - R S Gaspar
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - E M L Sena
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - S A da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - J L Fontelles
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - T L S AraUjo
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Heart Institute, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Mastrogiovanni
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - D M Fries
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Heart Institute, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A P S Azevedo-Santos
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - F R M Laurindo
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Heart Institute, School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A M Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
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Araujo TLS, Zeidler JD, Oliveira PVS, Dias MH, Armelin HA, Laurindo FRM. Protein disulfide isomerase externalization in endothelial cells follows classical and unconventional routes. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 103:199-208. [PMID: 28034831 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular protein disulfide isomerase (PDIA1) pool mediates thrombosis and vascular remodeling, however its externalization mechanisms remain unclear. We performed systematic pharmacological screening of secretory pathways affecting extracellular PDIA1 in endothelial cells (EC). We identified cell-surface (csPDIA1) and secreted non-particulated PDIA1 pools in EC. Such Golgi bypass also occurred for secreted PDIA1 in EC at baseline or after PMA, thrombin or ATP stimulation. Inhibitors of Type I, II and III unconventional routes, secretory lysosomes and recycling endosomes, including syntaxin-12 deletion, did not impair EC PDIA1 externalization. This suggests predominantly Golgi-independent unconventional secretory route(s), which were GRASP55-independent. Also, these data reinforce a vesicular-type traffic for PDIA1. We further showed that PDIA1 traffic is ATP-independent, while actin or tubulin cytoskeletal disruption markedly increased EC PDIA1 secretion. Clathrin inhibition enhanced extracellular soluble PDIA1, suggesting dynamic cycling. Externalized PDIA1 represents <2% of intracellular PDIA1. PDIA1 was robustly secreted by physiological levels of arterial laminar shear in EC and supported alpha 5 integrin thiol oxidation. Such results help clarify signaling and homeostatic mechanisms involved in multiple (patho)physiological extracellular PDIA1 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís L S Araujo
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Julianna D Zeidler
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Percíllia V S Oliveira
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Matheus H Dias
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular (LECC), Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS-Cepid, Instituto Butantan, Brazil
| | - Hugo A Armelin
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular (LECC), Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling - CeTICS-Cepid, Instituto Butantan, Brazil
| | - Francisco R M Laurindo
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil.
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Kiouptsi K, Reinhardt C. Protein disulfide-isomerase – a trigger of tissue factor-dependent thrombosis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 64:279-286. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-168106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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The prognostic importance of thiol/disulfide homeostasis in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism. Am J Emerg Med 2016; 34:2315-2319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2016.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Trostchansky A, Rubbo H. Anti-inflammatory signaling actions of electrophilic nitro-arachidonic acid in vascular cells and astrocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 617:155-161. [PMID: 27720684 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nitrated derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids (nitro-fatty acids) are being formed and detected in human plasma, cell membranes and tissue, triggering signaling cascades via covalent and reversible post-translational modifications of nucleophilic amino acids in transcriptional regulatory proteins. Arachidonic acid (AA) represents a precursor of potent signaling molecules, i.e., prostaglandins and thromboxanes through enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidative pathways. Arachidonic acid can be nitrated by reactive nitrogen species leading to the formation of nitro-arachidonic acid (NO2-AA). A critical issue is the influence of NO2-AA on prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthases, modulating inflammatory processes through redirection of AA metabolism and signaling. In this prospective article, we describe the key chemical and biochemical actions of NO2-AA in vascular and astrocytes. This includes the ability of NO2-AA to mediate unique redox signaling anti-inflammatory actions along with its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Avda. General Flores 2125, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Homero Rubbo
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Avda. General Flores 2125, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay.
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Schulman S, Bendapudi P, Sharda A, Chen V, Bellido-Martin L, Jasuja R, Furie BC, Flaumenhaft R, Furie B. Extracellular Thiol Isomerases and Their Role in Thrombus Formation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:1-15. [PMID: 26467859 PMCID: PMC4717499 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The mammalian endoplasmic reticulum (ER) houses a large family of twenty thioredoxin-like proteins of which protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is the archetypal member. Although the PDI family is best known for its role in oxidative protein folding of secretory proteins in the ER, these thioredoxin-like proteins fulfill ever-expanding roles, both within the secretory pathway and beyond. RECENT ADVANCES Secreted PDI family proteins have now been shown to serve a critical role in platelet thrombus formation and fibrin generation. Utilizing intravital microscopy to visualize thrombus formation in mice, we have demonstrated the presence of extracellular PDI antigen during thrombus formation following injury of the vascular wall. Inhibition of PDI abrogates thrombus formation in vivo (16, 26, 46, 55). These observations have been extended to other PDI family members, including ERp57 (39, 116, 118, 123) and ERp5 (77). The vascular thiol isomerases are those PDI family members secreted from platelets and/or endothelium (40): PDI, ERp57, ERp5, ERp72, ERp44, ERp29, and TMX3. We focus here on PDI (16, 46, 55), ERp57 (39, 116, 118, 123), and ERp5 (77), which have been implicated in thrombus formation in vivo. CRITICAL ISSUES It would appear that a system of thiol isomerase redox catalysts has been hijacked from the ER to regulate thrombus formation in the vasculature. FUTURE DIRECTIONS How this redox system is trafficked to and regulated at the cell surface, the identity of extracellular substrates, why so many thiol isomerases are required, and which thiol isomerase functions are necessary are critical unanswered questions in understanding the role of thiol isomerases in thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Schulman
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pavan Bendapudi
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anish Sharda
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vivien Chen
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lola Bellido-Martin
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Reema Jasuja
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Barbara C Furie
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert Flaumenhaft
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce Furie
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
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Mor-Cohen R. Disulfide Bonds as Regulators of Integrin Function in Thrombosis and Hemostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:16-31. [PMID: 25314675 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Disulfide bonds are generally viewed as structure-stabilizing elements in proteins, but some display an alternative functional role as redox switches. Functional disulfide bonds have recently emerged as important regulators of integrin function in thrombosis and hemostasis. RECENT ADVANCES Functional disulfide bonds were identified in the β subunit of the major platelet integrin αIIbβ3 and in other integrins involved in thrombus formation that is, αvβ3 and α2β1. Most of these functional bonds are located in the four epidermal growth factor-like domains of the integrins. Redox agents such as glutathione and nitric oxide and enzymatic thiol isomerase activity were shown to regulate the function of these integrins by disulfide bond reduction and thiol/disulfide exchange. CRITICAL ISSUES Increasing evidence suggests that thiol isomerases such as protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and Erp57 directly bind to the β3 subunit of αIIbβ3 and αvβ3 and regulate their function during thrombus formation. αIIbβ3 also exhibits an endogenous thiol isomerase activity. The specific functional disulfide bonds identified in the β3 subunit might be the targets for both exogenous and endogenous thiol isomerase activity. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Targeting redox sites of integrins or redox agents and enzymes that regulate their function can provide a useful tool for development of anti-thrombotic therapy. Hence, inhibitors of PDI are currently studied for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Mor-Cohen
- 1 The Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Chaim Sheba Medical Center , Tel Hashomer, Israel .,2 Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
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Revisiting the mechanistic basis of the French Paradox: Red wine inhibits the activity of protein disulfide isomerase in vitro. Thromb Res 2015; 137:169-173. [PMID: 26585763 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although epidemiologic evidence points to cardioprotective activity of red wine, the mechanistic basis for antithrombotic activity has not been established. Quercetin and related flavonoids are present in high concentrations in red but not white wine. Quercetin-glycosides were recently shown to prevent thrombosis in animal models through the inhibition of extracellular protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). We evaluated whether red or white wine inhibited PDI activity in vitro. METHODS Quercetin levels in red and white wines were measured by HPLC analysis. Inhibition of PDI activity by red and white wines was assessed by an insulin reduction turbidity assay at various concentrations of wine. PDI inhibition was confirmed using a reduced peptide that contained a disulfide containing peptide as a substrate. The inhibition of PDI related thiol isomerases ERp5 and ERp57 was also assessed. RESULTS We observed a dose-dependent decrease of PDI activity for a variety of red but not white wines. Red wine diluted to 3% final concentration resulted in over 80% inhibition of PDI activity by insulin reductase assay for all varieties tested. This inhibition was also observed in the peptide based assay. Red grape juice yielded similar results but ethanol alone did not affect PDI activity. Interestingly, red wine also inhibited the PDI related thiol isomerases ERp5 and ERp57, albeit to a lesser degree than PDI. CONCLUSIONS PDI activity is inhibited by red wine and grape juice, identifying a potentially novel mechanism underlying the cardiovascular benefits attributed to wine consumption.
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Novel anti-thrombotic agent for modulation of protein disulfide isomerase family member ERp57 for prophylactic therapy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10353. [PMID: 26037049 PMCID: PMC4650696 DOI: 10.1038/srep10353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family members including PDI and ERp57 emerge as novel targets for anti-thrombotic treatments, but chemical agents with selectivity remain to be explored. We previously reported a novel derivative of danshensu (DSS), known as ADTM, displayed strong cardioprotective effects against oxidative stress-induced cellular injury in vitro and acute myocardial infarct in vivo. Herein, using chemical proteomics approach, we identified ERp57 as a major target of ADTM. ADTM displayed potent inhibitory effects on the redox activity of ERp57, inhibited the adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced expressions of P-selectin and αIIbβ3 integrin, and disrupted the interaction between ERp57 and αIIbβ3. In addition, ADTM inhibited both arachidonic acid (AA)-induced and ADP-induced platelet aggregation in vitro. Furthermore, ADTM significantly inhibited rat platelet aggregation and thrombus formation in vivo. Taken together, ADTM represents a promising candidate for anti-thrombotic therapy targeting ERp57.
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Meng N, Peng N, Huang S, Wang SQ, Zhao J, Su L, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhao B, Miao J. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 regulates protein disulphide isomerase translation in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-activated endothelial cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:664-75. [PMID: 25389050 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Endothelium-derived protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) is required for thrombus formation in vivo. But, how to control PDI overproduction in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-activated vascular endothelial cells (VECs) is not well understood. In this study, we try to answer this question using our newly identified activator of mTOC1 3-benzyl-5-((2-nitrophenoxy) methyl)-dihydrofuran-2 (3H)-one (3BDO) that has been shown to protect VECs. METHODS First, we performed a proteomics analysis on the oxLDL-activated vascular VECs in the presence or absence of 3BDO. Next, we constructed the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1 (hnRNP E1) mutants at Ser43 and used the RNA-ChIP technique to investigate the relationship between hnRNP E1 and PDI production. Furthermore, we examined the effect of 3BDO on oxLDL-altered phosphorylation of Akt1 and Akt2. Finally, we studied the effect of 3BDO on oxLDL-altered PDI protein level in apolipoprotein E(-/-) mice with advanced atherosclerosis. RESULTS In VECs, oxLDL-increased PDI protein level, induced hnRNP E1 phosphorylation at Ser43, suppressed the binding of hnRNP E1 to PDI 5'UTR and induced the phosphorylation of Akt2 but not Akt1. All of these processes were blocked by 3BDO. Importantly, Ser43 mutant of hnRNP E1 inhibited the increase of PDI protein level and the decrease of the binding of hnRNP E1 and PDI 5'UTR induced by oxLDL. Furthermore, 3BDO suppressed oxLDL-induced PDI protein increase in the serum and plaque endothelium of apolipoprotein E(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION hnRNP E1 is a new regulator of PDI translation in oxLDL-activated VECs, and 3BDO is a powerful agent for controlling PDI overproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Meng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University; Jinan China
- School of Biological Science and Technology; University of Jinan; Jinan China
| | - N. Peng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - S. Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - S. Q. Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - J. Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - L. Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - Y. Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research; Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health; Shandong University Qilu Hospital; Jinan China
| | - S. Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - B. Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - J. Miao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University; Jinan China
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research; Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health; Shandong University Qilu Hospital; Jinan China
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Inhibition of thiol isomerase activity diminishes endothelial activation of plasminogen, but not of protein C. Thromb Res 2015; 135:748-53. [PMID: 25700620 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cell surface thiol isomerase enzymes, principally protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), have emerged as important regulators of platelet function and tissue factor activation via their action on allosteric disulphide bonds. Allosteric disulphides are present in other haemostasis-related proteins, and we have therefore investigated whether thiol isomerase inhibition has any influence on two endothelial activities relevant to haemostatic regulation, namely activation of protein C and activation of plasminogen, with subsequent fibrinolysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed using the human microvascular endothelial cell line HMEC-1. Thiol isomerase gene expression was measured by RT-PCR and activation of protein C and plasminogen by cell-based assays using chromogenic substrates S2366 and S2251, respectively. Cell mediated fibrinolysis was measured by monitoring absorbance at 405 nm following fibrin clot formation on the surface of HMEC-1 monolayers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS A variety of thiol isomerase enzymes, including PDI, were expressed by HMEC-1 cells and thiol reductase activity detectable on the cell surface was inhibited by both RL90 anti-PDI antibody and by the PDI inhibitor quercetin-3-rutinoside (rutin). In cell-based assays, activation of plasminogen, but not of protein C, was inhibited by RL90 antibody and, to a lesser extent, by rutin. Fibrin clot lysis occurring on a HMEC-1 monolayer was also significantly slowed by RL90 antibody and by rutin, but RL90-mediated inhibition was abolished in the presence of exogenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). We conclude that thiol isomerases, including PDI, are involved in fibrinolytic regulation at the endothelial surface, although not via a direct action on tPA. These findings broaden understanding of haemostatic regulation by PDI, and may aid in development of novel anti-thrombotic therapeutic strategies targeted via the fibrinolysis system.
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Ali Khan H, Mutus B. Protein disulfide isomerase a multifunctional protein with multiple physiological roles. Front Chem 2014; 2:70. [PMID: 25207270 PMCID: PMC4144422 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), is a member of the thioredoxin superfamily of redox proteins. PDI has three catalytic activities including, thiol-disulfide oxireductase, disulfide isomerase and redox-dependent chaperone. Originally, PDI was identified in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequently detected at additional locations, such as cell surfaces and the cytosol. This review will provide an overview of the recent advances in relating the structural features of PDI to its multiple catalytic roles as well as its physiological and pathophysiological functions related to redox regulation and protein folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyder Ali Khan
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of Windsor Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Bulent Mutus
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of Windsor Windsor, ON, Canada
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Protein disulfide isomerase: a promising target for cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2014; 19:222-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Hollmann M, Miller I, Hummel K, Sabitzer S, Metzler-Zebeli BU, Razzazi-Fazeli E, Zebeli Q. Downregulation of cellular protective factors of rumen epithelium in goats fed high energy diet. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81602. [PMID: 24349094 PMCID: PMC3857193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy-rich diets can challenge metabolic and protective functions of the rumen epithelial cells, but the underlying factors are unclear. This study sought to evaluate proteomic changes of the rumen epithelium in goats fed a low, medium, or high energy diet. Expression of protein changes were compared by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis followed by protein identification with matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Of about 2,000 spots commonly detected in all gels, 64 spots were significantly regulated, which were traced back to 24 unique proteins. Interestingly, the expression profiles of several chaperone proteins with important cellular protective functions such as heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, peroxiredoxin-6, serpin H1, protein disulfide-isomerase, and selenium-binding protein were collectively downregulated in response to high dietary energy supply. Similar regulation patterns were obtained for some other proteins involved in transport or metabolic functions. In contrast, metabolic enzymes like retinal dehydrogenase 1 and ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial precursor were upregulated in response to high energy diet. Lower expressions of chaperone proteins in the rumen epithelial cells in response to high energy supply may suggest that these cells were less protected against the potentially harmful rumen toxic compounds, which might have consequences for rumen and systemic health. Our findings also suggest that energy-rich diets and the resulting acidotic insult may render rumen epithelial cells more vulnerable to cellular damage by attenuating their cell defense system, hence facilitating the impairment of rumen barrier function, typically observed in energy-rich fed ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Hollmann
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Hummel
- VetCore Facility for Research, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Sabitzer
- VetCore Facility for Research, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Clinic for Swine, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Qendrim Zebeli
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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