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Giri AK, Prasad G, Parekatt V, Rajashekar D, Tandon N, Bharadwaj D. Epigenome-wide methylation study identified two novel CpGs associated with T2DM risk and a network of co-methylated CpGs capable of patient's classifications. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2576-2586. [PMID: 37184252 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevention of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pandemic needs markers that can precisely predict the disease risk in an individual. Alterations in DNA methylations due to exposure towards environmental risk factors are widely sought markers for T2DM risk prediction. To identify such individual DNA methylation signatures and their effect on disease risk, we performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) in 844 Indian individuals of Indo-European origin. We identified and validated methylation alterations at two novel CpG sites in MIR1287 (cg01178710) and EDN2-SCMH1 (cg04673737) genes associated with T2DM risk at the epigenome-wide-significance-level (P < 1.2 × 10-7). Further, we also replicated the association of two known CpG sites in TXNIP, and CPT1A in the Indian population. With 535 EWAS significant CpGs (P < 1.2 × 10-7) identified in the discovery phase samples, we created a co-methylation network using weighted correlation network analysis and identified four modules among the CpGs. We observed that methylation of one of the module associates with T2DM risk factors (e.g. BMI, insulin and C-peptide) and can be used as markers to segregate T2DM patients with good glycemic control (e.g. low HbA1c) and dyslipidemia (low HDL and high TG) from the other patients. Additionally, an intronic SNP (rs6503650) in the JUP gene, a member of the same module, associated with methylation at all the 14 hub CpG sites of that module as methQTL. Our network-assisted EWAS is the first to systematically explore DNA methylation variations conferring risks to T2DM in Indians and use the identified risk CpG sites for patient segregation with different clinical outcomes. These findings can be useful for better stratification of patients to improve the clinical management and treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Giri
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gauri Prasad
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vaisak Parekatt
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Donaka Rajashekar
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Nikhil Tandon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Yahaya TO, Bashar DM, Oladele EO, Umar J, Anyebe D, Izuafa A. Epigenetics in the etiology and management of infertility. World J Med Genet 2022; 10:7-21. [DOI: 10.5496/wjmg.v10.i2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic disruptions have been implicated in some cases of infertility and can serve as therapeutic targets. However, the involvement of epigenetics in infertility has not received adequate attention.
AIM This study aimed to determine the epigenetic basis of infertility in order to enhance public knowledge.
METHODS Relevant articles on the subject were collected from PubMed, RCA, Google Scholar, SpringerLink, and Scopus. The articles were pooled together and duplicates were removed using Endnote software.
RESULTS Available information shows that epigenetic mechanisms, mainly DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA interference are necessary for normal gametogenesis and embryogenesis. As a result, epigenetic disruptions in genes that control gametogenesis and embryogenesis, such as DDX3X, ADH4, AZF, PLAG1, D1RAS3, CYGB, MEST, JMJD1A, KCNQ1, IGF2, H19, and MTHFR may result in infertility. Aberrant DNA methylation during genomic imprinting and parental epigenetic mark erasures, in particular, may affect the DNA epigenomes of sperm and oocytes, resulting in reproductive abnormalities. Histone epigenetic dysregulation during oocyte development and histone-protamine replacement in the sperm may also cause reproductive abnormalities. Furthermore, overexpression or repression of certain microRNAs embedded in the ovary, testis, embryo, as well as granulosa cells and oocytes may impair reproduction. Male infertility is characterized by spermatogenesis failure, which includes oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and teratozoospermia, while female infertility is characterized by polycystic ovary syndrome. Some epigenetic modifications can be reversed by deactivating the regulatory enzymes, implying that epigenetic reprogramming could help treat infertility in some cases. For some disorders, epigenetic drugs are available, but none have been formulated for infertility.
CONCLUSION Some cases of infertility have an epigenetic etiology and can be treated by reversing the same epigenetic mechanism that caused it. As a result, medical practitioners are urged to come up with epigenetic treatments for infertility that have an epigenetic cause.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danlami M Bashar
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State 23401, Nigeria
| | - Esther O Oladele
- Biology Unit, Distance Learning Institute, University of Lagos, Lagos State 23401, Nigeria
| | - Ja'afar Umar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State 23401, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Anyebe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State 23401, Nigeria
| | - Abdulrazaq Izuafa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State 23401, Nigeria
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Jetton TL, Flores-Bringas P, Leahy JL, Gupta D. SetD7 (Set7/9) is a novel target of PPARγ that promotes the adaptive pancreatic β-cell glycemic response. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101250. [PMID: 34592314 PMCID: PMC8526774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of functional pancreatic β-cell mass leads to type 2 diabetes (T2D), attributable to modified β-cell-dependent adaptive gene expression patterns. SetD7 is a histone methyltransferase enriched in pancreatic islets that mono- and dimethylates histone-3-lysine-4 (H3K4), promoting euchromatin modifications, and also maintains the regulation of key β-cell function and survival genes. However, the transcriptional regulation of this important epigenetic modifier is unresolved. Here we identified the nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) as a major transcriptional regulator of SetD7 and provide evidence for direct binding and functionality of PPARγ in the SetD7 promoter region. Furthermore, constitutive shRNA-mediated PPARγ knockdown in INS-1 β-cells or pancreas-specific PPARγ deletion in mice led to downregulation of SetD7 expression as well as its nuclear enrichment. The relevance of the SetD7-PPARγ interaction in β-cell adaptation was tested in normoglycemic 60% partial pancreatectomy (Px) and hyperglycemic 90% Px rat models. Whereas a synergistic increase in islet PPARγ and SetD7 expression was observed upon glycemic adaptation post-60% Px, in hyperglycemic 90% Px rats, islet PPARγ, and PPARγ targets SetD7 and Pdx1 were downregulated. PPARγ agonist pioglitazone treatment in 90% Px rats partially restored glucose homeostasis and β-cell mass and enhanced expression of SetD7 and Pdx1. Collectively, these data provide evidence that the SetD7-PPARγ interaction serves as an important element of the adaptive β-cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Jetton
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Patricio Flores-Bringas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - John L Leahy
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Dhananjay Gupta
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
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Dewanjee S, Vallamkondu J, Kalra RS, Chakraborty P, Gangopadhyay M, Sahu R, Medala V, John A, Reddy PH, De Feo V, Kandimalla R. The Emerging Role of HDACs: Pathology and Therapeutic Targets in Diabetes Mellitus. Cells 2021; 10:1340. [PMID: 34071497 PMCID: PMC8228721 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the principal manifestations of metabolic syndrome and its prevalence with modern lifestyle is increasing incessantly. Chronic hyperglycemia can induce several vascular complications that were referred to be the major cause of morbidity and mortality in DM. Although several therapeutic targets have been identified and accessed clinically, the imminent risk of DM and its prevalence are still ascending. Substantial pieces of evidence revealed that histone deacetylase (HDAC) isoforms can regulate various molecular activities in DM via epigenetic and post-translational regulation of several transcription factors. To date, 18 HDAC isoforms have been identified in mammals that were categorized into four different classes. Classes I, II, and IV are regarded as classical HDACs, which operate through a Zn-based mechanism. In contrast, class III HDACs or Sirtuins depend on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) for their molecular activity. Functionally, most of the HDAC isoforms can regulate β cell fate, insulin release, insulin expression and signaling, and glucose metabolism. Moreover, the roles of HDAC members have been implicated in the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and other pathological events, which substantially contribute to diabetes-related vascular dysfunctions. Therefore, HDACs could serve as the potential therapeutic target in DM towards developing novel intervention strategies. This review sheds light on the emerging role of HDACs/isoforms in diabetic pathophysiology and emphasized the scope of their targeting in DM for constituting novel interventional strategies for metabolic disorders/complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India;
| | | | - Rajkumar Singh Kalra
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305 8565, Japan;
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India;
| | - Moumita Gangopadhyay
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, ADAMAS University, Barasat, Kolkata 700126, West Bengal, India;
| | - Ranabir Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India;
| | - Vijaykrishna Medala
- Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India;
| | - Albin John
- Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (A.J.); (P.H.R.)
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (A.J.); (P.H.R.)
- Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India;
- Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal 506007, Telangana, India
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Elgamal DA, Abou-Elghait AT, Ali AY, Ali M, Bakr MH. Ultrastructure characterization of pancreatic β-cells is accompanied by modulatory effects of the HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate on the PI3/AKT insulin signaling pathway in juvenile diabetic rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 503:110700. [PMID: 31904405 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic factors contribute equally to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Sodium butyrate (NaB) has been reported to improve glucose homeostasis by modulation of the p38/ERK MAPK pathway. This work aims to evaluate the effect of NaB on the ultrastructure of pancreatic β-cells and the PI3/AKT pathway. Juvenile albino male rats were used to establish a type 1 diabetes model using streptozotocin injection and NaB in a pre- and post-treatment schedule. Plasma glucose, insulin levels, and glucose tolerance were evaluated. Light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry were performed using Ki-67, caspase-3, and insulin. NaB treatment resulted in a significant improvement in plasma glucose levels, plasma insulin levels/expression, and ameliorated diabetes-induced histological alternations. Additionally, it increased the expression of phosphorylated AKT. These findings provide evidence that NaB may be useful in the treatment of juvenile diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia A Elgamal
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology and Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Amal T Abou-Elghait
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology and Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa Y Ali
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology and Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Maha Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Marwa H Bakr
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology and Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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Eriksen R, Gibson R, Aresu M, Heard A, Chan Q, Evangelou E, Gao H, Elliott P, Frost G. Gene-diet quality interactions on haemoglobin A1c and type 2 diabetes risk: The Airwave Health Monitoring Study. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2019; 2:e00074. [PMID: 31592155 PMCID: PMC6775444 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is multifactorial involving lifestyle, environmental and genetic risk factors. This study aims to investigate the impact of genetic interactions with alcohol and diet quality on glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) independent of obesity, in a British population. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 14 089 white British participants from Airwave Health Monitoring Study and a subsample of 3733 participants with dietary data. A T2D genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed, and its interactions with diet on HbA1c were assessed. RESULTS GRS was associated with a higher HbA1c% (β = 0.03, P < 0.0001) and a higher risk of prediabetes (OR = 1.09, P < 0.0001) and T2D (OR = 1.14, P = 0.006). The genetic effect on HbA1c% was significantly higher in obese participants (β = 1.88, P interaction = 0.03). A high intake of wholegrain attenuated the effect on HbA1c% in high-risk individuals P interaction = 0.04. CONCLUSION The genetic effect on HbA1c was almost doubled in obese individuals, compared with those with a healthy weight, and independent of weight, there was a modest offset on HbA1c in high-genetic-risk individuals consuming a diet high in wholegrain. This supports the importance of a healthy diet high in wholegrains and along with maintaining a healthy weight in controlling HbA1c among high-genetic-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Eriksen
- Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Faculty of MedicineImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - Rachel Gibson
- Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Faculty of MedicineImperial CollegeLondonUK
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Maria Aresu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC‐PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public HealthImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - Andy Heard
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC‐PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public HealthImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - Queenie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC‐PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public HealthImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC‐PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public HealthImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC‐PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public HealthImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC‐PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public HealthImperial CollegeLondonUK
| | - Gary Frost
- Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Faculty of MedicineImperial CollegeLondonUK
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Smail HO. The epigenetics of diabetes, obesity, overweight and cardiovascular disease. AIMS GENETICS 2019; 6:36-45. [PMID: 31663031 PMCID: PMC6803788 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2019.3.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this review were once to understand the roles of the epigenetics mechanism in different types of diabetes, obesity, overweight, and cardiovascular disease. Epigenetics represents a phenomenon of change heritable phenotypic expression of genetic records taking place except changes in DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications can have an impact on a whole of metabolic disease with the aid of specific alteration of candidate genes based totally on the change of the target genes. In this review, I summarized the new findings in DNA methylation, histone modifications in each type of diabetes (type 1 and type 2), obesity, overweight, and cardiovascular disease. The involvement of histone alterations and DNA methylation in the development of metabolic diseases is now widely accepted recently many novel genes have been demonstrated that has roles in diabetes pathway and it can be used for detection prediabetic; however Over the modern-day years, mass spectrometry-based proteomics techniques positioned and mapped one-of a kind range of histone modifications linking obesity and metabolic diseases. The main point of these changes is rapidly growing; however, their points and roles in obesity are no longer properly understood in obesity. Furthermore, epigenetic seen in cardiovascular treatment revealed a massive quantity of modifications affecting the improvement and development of cardiovascular disease. In addition, epigenetics are moreover involved in cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking. The aberrant epigenetic mechanisms that make a contribution to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harem Othman Smail
- Department of Biology, Faculty of science and health, Koya University Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region-F.R. Iraq
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Possible protective effect of procainamide as an epigenetic modifying agent in experimentally induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Utumatwishima JN, Chung ST, Bentley AR, Udahogora M, Sumner AE. Reversing the tide - diagnosis and prevention of T2DM in populations of African descent. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2018; 14:45-56. [PMID: 29052590 DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2017.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Populations of African descent are at the forefront of the worldwide epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The burden of T2DM is amplified by diagnosis after preventable complications of the disease have occurred. Earlier detection would result in a reduction in undiagnosed T2DM, more accurate statistics, more informed resource allocation and better health. An underappreciated factor contributing to undiagnosed T2DM in populations of African descent is that screening tests for hyperglycaemia, specifically, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c, perform sub-optimally in these populations. To offset this problem, combining tests or adding glycated albumin (a nonfasting marker of glycaemia), might be the way forward. However, differences in diet, exercise, BMI, environment, gene-environment interactions and the prevalence of sickle cell trait mean that neither diagnostic tests nor interventions will be uniformly effective in individuals of African, Caribbean or African-American descent. Among these three populations of African descent, intensive lifestyle interventions have been reported in only the African-American population, in which they have been found to provide effective primary prevention of T2DM but not secondary prevention. Owing to a lack of health literacy and poor glycaemic control in Africa and the Caribbean, customized lifestyle interventions might achieve both secondary and primary prevention. Overall, diagnosis and prevention of T2DM requires innovative strategies that are sensitive to the diversity that exists within populations of African descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean N Utumatwishima
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Stephanie T Chung
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Margaret Udahogora
- Dietetics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, 0112 Skinner Building, Office 0125 Skinner Building, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Anne E Sumner
- Section on Ethnicity and Health, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
- National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Huang Y, Gao S, Chen J, Albrecht E, Zhao R, Yang X. Maternal butyrate supplementation induces insulin resistance associated with enhanced intramuscular fat deposition in the offspring. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13073-13084. [PMID: 28055958 PMCID: PMC5355078 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal nutrition is important for the risk of the offspring to develop insulin resistance and adiposity later in life. The study was undertaken to determine effects of maternal butyrate supplementation on lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in the offspring skeletal muscle. The offspring of rats, fed a control diet or a butyrate diet (1% sodium butyrate) throughout gestation and lactation, was studied at weaning and at 60 days of age. The offspring of dams fed a butyrate diet had higher HOMA-insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance. This was associated with elevated mRNA and protein expressions of lipogenic genes and decreased amounts of lipolytic enzyme. Simultaneously, enhanced acetylation of histone H3 lysine 9 and histone H3 lysine 27 modification on the lipogenic genes in skeletal muscle of adult offspring was observed. Higher concentration of serum insulin and intramuscular triglyceride in skeletal muscle of offspring from the butyrate group at weaning were accompanied by increasing levels of lipogenic genes and enrichment of acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27. Maternal butyrate supplementation leads to insulin resistance and ectopic lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle of offspring, indicating the importance of short chain fatty acids in the maternal diet on lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Shixing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Jinglong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Elke Albrecht
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute for Muscle Biology and Growth, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
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Westenfelder C, Gooch A, Hu Z, Ahlstrom J, Zhang P. Durable Control of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice Achieved by Intraperitoneal Transplantation of "Neo-Islets," Three-Dimensional Aggregates of Allogeneic Islet and "Mesenchymal Stem Cells". Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1631-1643. [PMID: 28467694 PMCID: PMC5689775 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel interventions that reestablish endogenous insulin secretion and thereby halt progressive end-organ damage and prolong survival of patients with autoimmune Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are urgently needed. While this is currently accomplished with allogeneic pancreas or islet transplants, their utility is significantly limited by both the scarcity of organ donors and life-long need for often-toxic antirejection drugs. Coadministering islets with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that exert robust immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and angiogenic actions, improves intrahepatic islet survival and function. Encapsulation of insulin-producing cells to prevent immune destruction has shown both promise and failures. Recently, stem cell-derived insulin secreting β-like cells induced euglycemia in diabetic animals, although their clinical use would still require encapsulation or anti-rejection drugs. Instead of focusing on further improvements in islet transplantation, we demonstrate here that the intraperitoneal administration of islet-sized "Neo-Islets" (NIs), generated by in vitro coaggregation of allogeneic, culture-expanded islet cells with high numbers of immuno-protective and cyto-protective MSCs, resulted in their omental engraftment in immune-competent, spontaneously diabetic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. This achieved long-term glycemic control without immunosuppression and without hypoglycemia. In preparation for an Food and Drug Administration-approved clinical trial in dogs with T1DM, we show that treatment of streptozotocin-diabetic NOD/severe combined immunodeficiency mice with identically formed canine NIs produced durable euglycemia, exclusively mediated by dog-specific insulin. We conclude that this novel technology has significant translational relevance for canine and potentially clinical T1DM as it effectively addresses both the organ donor scarcity (>80 therapeutic NI doses/donor pancreas can be generated) and completely eliminates the need for immunosuppression. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1631-1643.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christof Westenfelder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Utah and VA Medical Centers, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Anna Gooch
- SymbioCellTech, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Zhuma Hu
- SymbioCellTech, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Ping Zhang
- SymbioCellTech, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Ediger BN, Lim HW, Juliana C, Groff DN, Williams LT, Dominguez G, Liu JH, Taylor BL, Walp ER, Kameswaran V, Yang J, Liu C, Hunter CS, Kaestner KH, Naji A, Li C, Sander M, Stein R, Sussel L, Won KJ, May CL, Stoffers DA. LIM domain-binding 1 maintains the terminally differentiated state of pancreatic β cells. J Clin Invest 2016; 127:215-229. [PMID: 27941246 DOI: 10.1172/jci88016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The recognition of β cell dedifferentiation in type 2 diabetes raises the translational relevance of mechanisms that direct and maintain β cell identity. LIM domain-binding protein 1 (LDB1) nucleates multimeric transcriptional complexes and establishes promoter-enhancer looping, thereby directing fate assignment and maturation of progenitor populations. Many terminally differentiated endocrine cell types, however, remain enriched for LDB1, but its role is unknown. Here, we have demonstrated a requirement for LDB1 in maintaining the terminally differentiated status of pancreatic β cells. Inducible ablation of LDB1 in mature β cells impaired insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. Transcriptomic analysis of LDB1-depleted β cells revealed the collapse of the terminally differentiated gene program, indicated by a loss of β cell identity genes and induction of the endocrine progenitor factor neurogenin 3 (NEUROG3). Lineage tracing confirmed that LDB1-depleted, insulin-negative β cells express NEUROG3 but do not adopt alternate endocrine cell fates. In primary mouse islets, LDB1 and its LIM homeodomain-binding partner islet 1 (ISL1) were coenriched at chromatin sites occupied by pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), NK6 homeobox 1 (NKX6.1), forkhead box A2 (FOXA2), and NK2 homeobox 2 (NKX2.2) - factors that co-occupy active enhancers in 3D chromatin domains in human islets. Indeed, LDB1 was enriched at active enhancers in human islets. Thus, LDB1 maintains the terminally differentiated state of β cells and is a component of active enhancers in both murine and human islets.
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13
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Karachanak-Yankova S, Dimova R, Nikolova D, Nesheva D, Koprinarova M, Maslyankov S, Tafradjiska R, Gateva P, Velizarova M, Hammoudeh Z, Stoynev N, Toncheva D, Tankova T, Dimova I. Epigenetic alterations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Balkan J Med Genet 2015; 18:15-24. [PMID: 27785392 PMCID: PMC5026264 DOI: 10.1515/bjmg-2015-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes, in particular DNA methylation processes, play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) linking genetic and environmental factors. To clarify this role, we have analyzed in patients with different duration of T2DM: (i) expression levels of methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) as marker of DNA methylation, and ii) methylation changes in 22 genes connected to cellular stress and toxicity. We have analyzed MBD2 mRNA expression levels in16 patients and 12 controls and the methylation status of stress and toxicity genes in four DNA pools: (i) controls; (ii) newly-diagnosed T2DM patients; (iii) patients with T2DM duration of <5 years and (iv) of >5 years. The MBD2 expression levels were 10.4-times increased on average in T2DM patients compared to controls. Consistent increase in DNA methylation fraction with the increase in T2DM duration was observed in Prdx2 and SCARA3 genes, connected to oxidative stress protection and in BRCA1 and Tp53 tumor-suppressor genes. In conclusion, increased MBD2 expression in patients indicated general dysregulation of DNA methylation in T2DM. The elevated methylation of Prdx2 and SCARA3 genes suggests disturbance in oxidative stress protection in T2DM. The increased methylation of BRCA1 and Tp53 genes unraveled an epigenetic cause for T2DM related increase in cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karachanak-Yankova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R Dimova
- University Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Endocrinology ‘Acad. Ivan Penchev,’ Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - D Nikolova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - D Nesheva
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - M Koprinarova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - S Maslyankov
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R Tafradjiska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - P Gateva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - M Velizarova
- Clinical Laboratory, University Hospital ‘Aleksandrovska,’Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Z Hammoudeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - N Stoynev
- University Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Endocrinology ‘Acad. Ivan Penchev,’ Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - D Toncheva
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - T Tankova
- University Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Endocrinology ‘Acad. Ivan Penchev,’ Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - I Dimova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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14
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Khan S, Jena G. The role of butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor in diabetes mellitus: experimental evidence for therapeutic intervention. Epigenomics 2015; 7:669-80. [DOI: 10.2217/epi.15.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of epigenetic mechanisms in diabetes mellitus (DM), β-cell reprogramming and its complications is an emerging concept. Recent evidence suggests that there is a link between DM and histone deacetylases (HDACs), because HDAC inhibitors promote β-cell differentiation, proliferation, function and improve insulin resistance. Moreover, gut microbes and diet-derived products can alter the host epigenome. Furthermore, butyrate and butyrate-producing microbes are decreased in DM. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid produced from the fermentation of dietary fibers by microbiota and has been proven as an HDAC inhibitor. The present review provides a pragmatic interpretation of chromatin-dependent and independent complex signaling/mechanisms of butyrate for the treatment of Type 1 and Type 2 DM, with an emphasis on the promising strategies for its drugability and therapeutic implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabbir Khan
- Facility for Risk Assessment & Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 60 062, India
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment & Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 60 062, India
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15
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Johansen Taber KA, Dickinson BD. Genomic-based tools for the risk assessment, management, and prevention of type 2 diabetes. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2015; 8:1-8. [PMID: 25609992 PMCID: PMC4293919 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s75583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common and serious disorder and is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, periodontal disease, and foot ulcers and amputations. The burden of disease associated with T2D has led to an emphasis on early identification of the millions of individuals at high risk so that management and intervention strategies can be effectively implemented before disease progression begins. With increasing knowledge about the genetic basis of T2D, several genomic-based strategies have been tested for their ability to improve risk assessment, management and prevention. Genetic risk scores have been developed with the intent to more accurately identify those at risk for T2D and to potentially improve motivation and adherence to lifestyle modification programs. In addition, evidence is building that oral antihyperglycemic medications are subject to pharmacogenomic variation in a substantial number of patients, suggesting genomics may soon play a role in determining the most effective therapies. T2D is a complex disease that affects individuals differently, and risk prediction and treatment may be challenging for health care providers. Genomic approaches hold promise for their potential to improve risk prediction and tailor management for individual patients and to contribute to better health outcomes for those with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barry D Dickinson
- Department of Science and Biotechnology, American Medical Association, Chicago, IL, USA
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16
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Mau T, Yung R. Potential of epigenetic therapies in non-cancerous conditions. Front Genet 2014; 5:438. [PMID: 25566322 PMCID: PMC4271720 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an explosion of knowledge in the epigenetics field in the past 20 years. The first epigenetic therapies have arrived in the clinic for cancer treatments. In contrast, much of the promise of epigenetic therapies for non-cancerous conditions remains in the laboratories. The current review will focus on the recent progress that has been made in understanding the pathogenic role of epigenetics in immune and inflammatory conditions, and how the knowledge may provide much needed new therapeutic targets for many autoimmune diseases. Dietary factors are increasingly recognized as potential modifiers of epigenetic marks that can influence health and diseases across generations. The current epigenomics revolution will almost certainly complement the explosion of personal genetics medicine to help guide treatment decisions and disease risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Mau
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Raymond Yung
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA ; Department of Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health System, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Care Center Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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17
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De Jesus DF, Kulkarni RN. Epigenetic modifiers of islet function and mass. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:628-36. [PMID: 25246382 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with insulin resistance in target tissues including the β-cell, leading to significant β-cell loss and secretory dysfunction. T2D is also associated with aging, and the underlying mechanisms that increase susceptibility of an individual to develop the disease implicate epigenetics: interactions between susceptible loci and the environment. In this review, we discuss the effects of aging on β-cell function and adaptation, besides the significance of mitochondria in islet bioenergetics and epigenome. We highlight three important modulators of the islet epigenome, namely: metabolites, hormones, and the nutritional state. Unraveling the signaling pathways that regulate the islet epigenome during aging will help to better understand the development of disease progression and to design novel therapies for diabetes prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario F De Jesus
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), Abdel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, 5000 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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18
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Henning SM, Wang P, Carpenter CL, Heber D. Epigenetic effects of green tea polyphenols in cancer. Epigenomics 2014; 5:729-41. [PMID: 24283885 DOI: 10.2217/epi.13.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics describes heritable alterations of gene expression and chromatin organization without changes in DNA sequence. Both hypermethylation and hypomethylation of DNA can affect gene expression and the multistep process of carcinogenesis. Epigenetic changes are reversible and may be targeted by dietary interventions. Bioactive compounds from green tea (GT) such as (-)-epigallocatechin gallate have been shown to alter DNA methyltransferase activity in studies of esophageal, oral, skin, Tregs, lung, breast and prostate cancer cells, which may contribute to the chemopreventive effect of GT. Three out of four mouse model studies have confirmed the inhibitory effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on DNA methylation. A human study demonstrated that decreased methylation of CDX2 and BMP-2 in gastric carcinoma was associated with higher GT consumption. It is the goal of this review to summarize our current knowledge of the potential of GT to alter epigenetic processes, which may be useful in chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M Henning
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 900 Veteran Avenue, Warren Hall 14-166, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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19
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Kameswaran V, Kaestner KH. The Missing lnc(RNA) between the pancreatic β-cell and diabetes. Front Genet 2014; 5:200. [PMID: 25071830 PMCID: PMC4077016 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus represents a group of complex metabolic diseases that result in impaired glucose homeostasis, which includes destruction of β-cells or the failure of these insulin-secreting cells to compensate for increased metabolic demand. Despite a strong interest in characterizing the transcriptome of the different human islet cell types to understand the molecular basis of diabetes, very little attention has been paid to the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their contribution to this disease. Here we summarize the growing evidence for the potential role of these lncRNAs in β-cell function and dysregulation in diabetes, with a focus on imprinted genomic loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasumathi Kameswaran
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
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20
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Maternal diabetes, programming of beta-cell disorders and intergenerational risk of type 2 diabetes. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2014; 40:323-30. [PMID: 24948417 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A substantial body of evidence suggests that an abnormal intra-uterine milieu elicited by maternal metabolic disturbances as diverse as malnutrition, placental insufficiency, diabetes and obesity may be able to programme susceptibility of the foetus to later develop chronic degenerative diseases such as obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2D). As insulin-producing cells have been placed centre stage in the development of T2D, this review examines developmental programming of the beta-cell mass (BCM) in various rodent models of maternal protein restriction, calorie restriction, overnutrition and diabetes. The main message is that whatever the initial maternal insult (F0 generation) and whether alone or in combination, it gives rise to the same programmed BCM outcome in the daughter generation (F1). The altered BCM phenotype in F1 females prohibits normal BCM adaptation during pregnancy and, thus, diabetes (gestational diabetes) ensues. This gestational diabetes is then passed from one generation (F1) to the next (F2, F3 and so on). This review highlights a number of studies that have identified epigenetic mechanisms that may contribute to altered BCM development and beta-cell failure, as observed in diabetes. In addition to their role in instilling the programmed defect, these non-genomic mechanisms may also be involved in its intergenerational transmission.
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21
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Radoi V, Carsote M, Petris R, Paun D, Poiana C. MicroRNAs with Specific Roles in Diabetes and Psychiatric Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 87:87-90. [PMID: 26528003 PMCID: PMC4620849 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most cited non communicable diseases and the most common metabolic disorder. Epigenetics represents the field of study of heritable changes in gene expression which are not directly related to DNA. Epigenetics is concerned, alongside histone modifications, short interfering RNAs etc., with microRNAs (miRNAs) as well. These are small noncoding RNAs, 21 to 23 nucleotides in length, which either inhibit translation or affect mRNA stability and degradation. At present, there are dozens of miRNAs which have been proven to be involved in the animal and human pathology of diabetes (type 1 or 2). This review focuses on the miRNAs which have been identified as playing a role in both psychiatric diseases and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Radoi
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mara Carsote
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania ; C. I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Petris
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania ; C. I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Paun
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania ; C. I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalina Poiana
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania ; C. I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
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22
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Sterns JD, Smith CB, Steele JR, Stevenson KL, Gallicano GI. Epigenetics and type II diabetes mellitus: underlying mechanisms of prenatal predisposition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2014; 2:15. [PMID: 25364722 PMCID: PMC4207047 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2014.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance precipitating abnormally high blood glucose levels. While the onset of T2DM is known to be the consequence of a multifactorial interplay with a strong genetic component, emerging research has demonstrated the additional role of a variety of epigenetic mechanisms in the development of this disorder. Heritable epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, play a vital role in many important cellular processes, including pancreatic cellular differentiation and maintenance of normal β-cell function. Recent studies have found possible epigenetic mechanisms to explain observed risk factors, such as altered atherogenic lipid profiles, elevated body mass index (BMI), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), for later development of T2DM in children born to mothers experiencing both famine and hyperglycemic conditions. It is suggested that these epigenetic influences happen early during gestation and are less susceptible to the effects of postnatal environmental modification as was previously thought, highlighting the importance of early preventative measures in minimizing the global burden of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- J David Sterns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington, DC, USA
| | - Colin B Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington, DC, USA
| | - John R Steele
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kimberly L Stevenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington, DC, USA
| | - G Ian Gallicano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington, DC, USA
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23
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Khan S, Jena GB. Protective role of sodium butyrate, a HDAC inhibitor on beta-cell proliferation, function and glucose homeostasis through modulation of p38/ERK MAPK and apoptotic pathways: study in juvenile diabetic rat. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 213:1-12. [PMID: 24530320 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) also known as juvenile diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disorder that precipitates in genetically susceptible individuals by environmental factors particularly during early age. Both genetic and epigenetic factors are implicated in the beta-cell development, proliferation, differentiation and function. Recent evidences suggested that there is a link between diabetes and histone deacetylases (HDACs), because HDAC inhibitors promote beta-cell development, proliferation and function as well as improve glucose homeostasis. Sodium butyrate (NaB) is a short chain fatty acid having HDAC inhibition activity. The present study was aimed to investigate the protective role of NaB treatment on the beta-cell proliferation, function and glucose homeostasis as well as apoptosis in juvenile diabetic rat. Diabetes was induced by single injection of STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.) in chilled citrate buffer, while NaB (500 mg/kg/day) was administrated by i.p. route for 21 days as pre- and post-treatment schedule. Plasma glucose and insulin levels, HbA1c, glucose tolerance, apoptosis, and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), p38, p53, caspase-3, extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK-1/2), forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) as well as histone acetylation were evaluated. NaB treatment decreased plasma glucose, HbA1c, beta-cell apoptosis and improved plasma insulin level and glucose homeostasis through HDAC inhibition and histone acetylation in diabetic animal as compared to control. NaB treatment improved the beta-cell proliferation, function and glucose homeostasis as well as reduced beta-cell apoptosis in juvenile diabetic rat by the modulation of p38/ERK MAPK and apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Khan
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
| | - G B Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
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24
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Detection of type 2 diabetes related modules and genes based on epigenetic networks. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2014; 8 Suppl 1:S5. [PMID: 24565181 PMCID: PMC4080446 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-8-s1-s5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases characterized by insulin resistance and the decrease of insulin secretion. Genetic variation can only explain part of the heritability of T2D, so there need new methods to detect the susceptibility genes of the disease. Epigenetics could establish the interface between the environmental factor and the T2D Pathological mechanism. Results Based on the network theory and by combining epigenetic characteristics with human interactome, the weighted human DNA methylation network (WMPN) was constructed, and a T2D-related subnetwork (TMSN) was obtained through T2D-related differentially methylated genes. It is found that TMSN had a T2D specific network structure that non-fatal metabolic disease causing genes were often located in the topological and functional periphery of network. Combined with chromatin modifications, the weighted chromatin modification network (WCPN) was built, and a T2D-related chromatin modification pattern subnetwork was obtained by the TMSN gene set. TCSN had a densely connected network community, indicating that TMSN and TCSN could represent a collection of T2D-related epigenetic dysregulated sub-pathways. Using the cumulative hypergeometric test, 24 interplay modules of DNA methylation and chromatin modifications were identified. By the analysis of gene expression in human T2D islet tissue, it is found that there existed genes with the variant expression level caused by the aberrant DNA methylation and (or) chromatin modifications, which might affect and promote the development of T2D. Conclusions Here we have detected the potential interplay modules of DNA methylation and chromatin modifications for T2D. The study of T2D epigenetic networks provides a new way for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of T2D caused by epigenetic disorders.
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Kozuka C, Yabiku K, Takayama C, Matsushita M, Shimabukuro M. Natural food science based novel approach toward prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes: recent studies on brown rice and γ-oryzanol. Obes Res Clin Pract 2013; 7:e165-72. [PMID: 23697584 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prevalences of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are dramatically increasing, and there is a strong need for more effective and safer therapies. However, some of drugs show limited efficacy and considerable adverse effects. Furthermore, artificial energy-dense foods and non-caloric foods may promote overeating and weight gain. In this context, a natural food-based approach may represent a valuable means of tackling the obesity-diabetes syndrome. Although recent studies have shown that brown rice improves glucose intolerance and prevents obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We found that one of the major components of brown rice, γ-oryzanol (Orz), plays an important role in the metabolically beneficial effects of brown rice. Orz acts as a chemical chaperone and decreases high fat diet (HFD)-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the hypothalamus, thereby leading to a significant shift in preference from fatty to healthy foods. Orz also decreases HFD-induced ER stress in pancreatic β-cells and improves β-cell function. Notably, Orz directly acts on pancreatic islets and enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). This evidence highlights food preference as a promising therapeutic target in obesity-diabetes syndrome and suggests that brown rice and Orz may have potential for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisayo Kozuka
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology (Second Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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26
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Stem cells as a tool to improve outcomes of islet transplantation. J Transplant 2012; 2012:736491. [PMID: 22970344 PMCID: PMC3437295 DOI: 10.1155/2012/736491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The publication of the promising results of the Edmonton protocol in 2000 generated optimism for islet transplantation as a potential cure for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Unfortunately, follow-up data revealed that less than 10% of patients achieved long-term insulin independence. More recent data from other large trials like the Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry show incremental improvement with 44% of islet transplant recipients maintaining insulin independence at three years of follow-up. Multiple underlying issues have been identified that contribute to islet graft failure, and newer research has attempted to address these problems. Stem cells have been utilized not only as a functional replacement for β cells, but also as companion or supportive cells to address a variety of different obstacles that prevent ideal graft viability and function. In this paper, we outline the manners in which stem cells have been applied to address barriers to the achievement of long-term insulin independence following islet transplantation.
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