1
|
Zhao W, Deng J, Wang J, Ge C, Yang H. Adverse effects of microplastics on the growth, photosynthesis, and astaxanthin synthesis of Haematococcus pluvialis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176427. [PMID: 39326759 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to the widespread pollution, microplastics (MPs) have garnered increasing attention. Research has shown that MPs negatively affect many organisms. Microalgae are primary producers in aquatic environments and play a crucial role in the stability of aquatic ecosystems. However, research on the effects of MPs on microalgae is relatively limited. Haematococcus pluvialis is known for its ability to produce astaxanthin, a powerful antioxidant, in response to environmental stress. MP exposure is also an environmental stressor, and we are curious whether MP stress will affect astaxanthin synthesis in H. pluvialis. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of MPs on H. pluvialis growth and astaxanthin synthesis, we exposed H. pluvialis to 5 μm polystyrene MPs at different concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L) for 18 days, followed by high light induction of astaxanthin synthesis. Growth and photosynthesis-related indicators suggested that PS-MPs had a hormesis-like effect on H. pluvialis, with short-term exposure stimulating photosynthetic activity and growth, and long-term exposure inhibiting them. Morphological observations, oxidative stress markers, soluble proteins, and extracellular polymeric substance indicators showed that prolonged PS-MP exposure primarily disrupted the morphology and normal physiological functions of H. pluvialis by inducing oxidative stress. Although H. pluvialis actively resists the oxidative stress caused by PS-MPs, it cannot fully counteract the adverse effects. Prolonged PS-MP exposure ultimately resulted in reduced levels of photosynthetic pigments and inhibited photosynthetic activity, as well as the decreased expression of genes related to astaxanthin synthesis and reduced astaxanthin production. Integrated biomarker response analysis further indicated that the overall toxic effects of MPs on H. pluvialis exhibit a dose-dependent pattern. MP exposure potentially weakens the survival capability of H. pluvialis under adverse conditions. These findings highlight the impact of MP pollution on the stability of aquatic ecosystems and underscore the urgent need for policies and actions to mitigate MP pollution and protect aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiaye Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiamei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chengjun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sciacchitano S, Napoli A, Rocco M, De Vitis C, Mancini R. Myxedema in Both Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism: A Hormetic Response? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9957. [PMID: 39337448 PMCID: PMC11431941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Myxedema is a potentially life-threatening condition typically observed in severe hypothyroidism. However, localized or diffuse myxedema is also observed in hyperthyroidism. The exact cause and mechanism of this paradoxical situation is not clear. We report here the analysis of body fluid distribution by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in 103 thyroid patients, subdivided according to their functional status. All BIA parameters measured in subclinical thyroid dysfunctions did not significantly differ from those observed in euthyroid controls. On the contrary, they were clearly altered in the two extreme, opposite conditions of thyroid dysfunctions, namely overt hyperthyroidism and severe hypothyroidism, indicating the occurrence of a typical hormetic condition. Surprisingly, differences in BIA parameters related to fluid body composition were even more evident in hyperthyroidism than in hypothyroidism. A hormetic response to thyroid hormone (TH)s was previously reported to explain the paradoxical, biphasic, time- and dose-dependent effects on other conditions. Our results indicate that myxedema, observed in both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid conditions, represents another example of a hormetic-type response to THs. BIA offers no additional valuable information in evaluating fluid body composition in subclinical thyroid dysfunctions, but it represents a valuable method to analyze and monitor body fluid composition and distribution in overt and severe thyroid dysfunctions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Sciacchitano
- Department of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Via del Casale di San Pio V, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Napoli
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine, Unicamillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Rocco
- Department of Clinical and Surgical Translational Medicine, Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia De Vitis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee S, Choi J, Jho EH, Shin S. Effects of polyvinyl chloride and low-density polyethylene microplastics on oxidative stress and mitochondria function of earthworm (Eisenia fetida). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116847. [PMID: 39128451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Plastics are widely used worldwide due to their convenience. However, microplastics (MPs) accumulation poses a serious threat to ecosystem health. Therefore, understanding the effects of MPs on living organisms within their native ecosystem is crucial. Previous studies have primarily focused on the impacts of MPs in aquatic environments, whereas the effects of MPs on terrestrial ecosystems have remained largely understudied. Therefore, our study assessed the impacts of MPs on soil ecosystems by characterizing their toxic effects on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Here, we exposed earthworms to two representative plastics within soil environments: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Given the known link between MPs and oxidative stress, we next quantified oxidative stress markers and mitochondrial function to assess the effects of MPs on the redox metabolism of earthworms. Mitochondria are crucial metabolic organelles that generate reactive oxygen species via uncontrolled ATP production. Our findings demonstrated that MPs exert different effects depending on their type. Neither the PVC-exposed groups nor the LDPE-exposed groups exhibited changes in oxidative stress, as worked by the action of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). While treatment of the two types of MP did not significantly affect the amount of reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) generated, PVC exhibited a more pronounced effect on antioxidant system compared to LDPE. However, mitochondrial function was markedly decreased in the group exposed to high LDPE concentrations, suggesting that the examined LDPE concentrations were too low to activate compensatory mechanisms. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that exposure of MPs not only influences the antioxidant defense mechanisms of earthworms but also alters their mitochondrial function depending on their types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songhee Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioenergy and Biomaterials Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Choi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hea Jho
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sooim Shin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Bioenergy and Biomaterials Graduate School, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bauer M, Ermolaeva M, Singer M, Wetzker R, Soares MP. Hormesis as an adaptive response to infection. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:633-641. [PMID: 38744580 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Hormesis is a phenomenon whereby low-level stress can improve cellular, organ, or organismal fitness in response to a subsequent similar or other stress insult. Whereas hormesis is thought to contribute to the fitness benefits arising from symbiotic host-microbe interactions, the putative benefits of hormesis in host-pathogen interactions have yet to be explored. Hormetic responses have nonetheless been reported in experimental models of infection, a common feature of which is regulation of host mitochondrial function. We propose that these mitohormetic responses could be harnessed therapeutically to limit the severity of infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
| | - Maria Ermolaeva
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Mervyn Singer
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Reinhard Wetzker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Miguel P Soares
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Casas-Martinez JC, Samali A, McDonagh B. Redox regulation of UPR signalling and mitochondrial ER contact sites. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:250. [PMID: 38847861 PMCID: PMC11335286 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have a synergistic relationship and are key regulatory hubs in maintaining cell homeostasis. Communication between these organelles is mediated by mitochondria ER contact sites (MERCS), allowing the exchange of material and information, modulating calcium homeostasis, redox signalling, lipid transfer and the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. MERCS are dynamic structures that allow cells to respond to changes in the intracellular environment under normal homeostatic conditions, while their assembly/disassembly are affected by pathophysiological conditions such as ageing and disease. Disruption of protein folding in the ER lumen can activate the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), promoting the remodelling of ER membranes and MERCS formation. The UPR stress receptor kinases PERK and IRE1, are located at or close to MERCS. UPR signalling can be adaptive or maladaptive, depending on whether the disruption in protein folding or ER stress is transient or sustained. Adaptive UPR signalling via MERCS can increase mitochondrial calcium import, metabolism and dynamics, while maladaptive UPR signalling can result in excessive calcium import and activation of apoptotic pathways. Targeting UPR signalling and the assembly of MERCS is an attractive therapeutic approach for a range of age-related conditions such as neurodegeneration and sarcopenia. This review highlights the emerging evidence related to the role of redox mediated UPR activation in orchestrating inter-organelle communication between the ER and mitochondria, and ultimately the determination of cell function and fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Casas-Martinez
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Afshin Samali
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Brian McDonagh
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tang L, Liu M, Li J, Zhou B, Lam PKS, Hu C, Chen L. Isothiazolinone Disrupts Reproductive Endocrinology by Targeting the G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1076-1087. [PMID: 38166396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The unintended exposure of humans and animals to isothiazolinones has led to an increasing concern regarding their health hazards. Isothiazolinones were previously found to disrupt reproductive endocrine homeostasis. However, the long-term reproductive toxicity and underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, life-cycle exposure of medaka to dichlorocthylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), a representative isothiazolinone, significantly stimulated the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR)-mediated synthesis of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in the brain. Chem-Seq and proteome analyses revealed disturbances in the G-protein-coupled receptor, MAPK, and Ca2+ signaling cascades by DCOIT. The G protein αi subunit was identified as the binding target of DCOIT. Gαi bound by DCOIT had an enhanced affinity for the mitochondrial calcium uniporter, consequently changing Ca2+ subcellular compartmentalization. Stimulation of Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and blockage of Ca2+ uptake into the mitochondria resulted in a considerably higher cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration, which then activated the phosphorylation of MEK and ERK to dysregulate hormone synthesis. Overall, by comprehensively integrating in vivo, ex vivo, in silico, and in vitro evidence, this study proposes a new mode of endocrine disrupting toxicity based on isothiazolinones, which is expected to aid the risk assessment of the chemical library and favor the mechanism-driven design of safer alternatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Tang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- Department of Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chenyan Hu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Beiner E, Dursko A, Tesarz J. Reply to Mickle and Sibille. Pain 2024; 165:245-246. [PMID: 38100366 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Beiner
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Medical Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mickle AM, Sibille KT. Deciphering relationships between stress biomarkers and fibromyalgia syndrome with implications relevant to other chronic pain conditions. Pain 2024; 165:243-245. [PMID: 38100365 PMCID: PMC10752222 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Mickle
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Kimberly T Sibille
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Antoine LH, Tanner JJ, Mickle AM, Gonzalez CE, Kusko DA, Watts KA, Rumble DD, Buchanan TL, Sims AM, Staud R, Lai S, Deshpande H, Phillips B, Buford TW, Aroke EN, Redden DT, Fillingim RB, Goodin BR, Sibille KT. Greater socioenvironmental risk factors and higher chronic pain stage are associated with thinner bilateral temporal lobes. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3330. [PMID: 37984835 PMCID: PMC10726852 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous research indicates ethnic/race group differences in pain and neurodegenerative diseases. Accounting for socioenvironmental factors reduces ethnic/race group differences in clinical and experimental pain. In the current study sample, we previously reported that in individuals with knee pain, ethnic/race group differences were observed in bilateral temporal lobe thickness, areas of the brain associated with risk for Alzheimer's disease, and related dementias. The purpose of the study was to determine if socioenvironmental factors reduce or account for previously observed ethnic/race group differences and explore if a combined effect of socioenvironmental risk and chronic pain severity on temporal lobe cortices is evident. METHODS Consistent with the prior study, the sample was comprised of 147 adults (95 women, 52 men), 45-85 years of age, who self-identified as non-Hispanic Black (n = 72) and non-Hispanic White (n = 75), with knee pain with/at risk for osteoarthritis. Measures included demographics, health history, pain questionnaires, cognitive screening, body mass index, individual- and community-level socioenvironmental factors (education, income, household size, marital and insurance status, and area deprivation index), and brain imaging. We computed a summative socioenvironmental risk index. RESULTS Regression analyses showed that with the inclusion of socioenvironmental factors, the model was significant (p < .001), and sociodemographic (ethnic/race) group differences were not significant (p = .118). Additionally, findings revealed an additive stress load pattern indicating thinner temporal lobe cortices with greater socioenvironmental risk and chronic pain severity (p = .048). IMPLICATIONS Although individual socioenvironmental factors were not independent predictors, when collectively combined in models, ethnic/race group differences in bilateral temporal lobe structures were not replicated. Further, combined socioenvironmental risk factors and higher chronic pain severity were associated with thinner bilateral temporal lobes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa H. Antoine
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jared J. Tanner
- Department of Clinical and Health PsychologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Angela M. Mickle
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of ExcellenceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of Physical Medicine & RehabilitationUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Cesar E. Gonzalez
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Daniel A. Kusko
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Kristen Allen Watts
- Heersink School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Deanna D. Rumble
- Department of Psychology and CounselingUniversity of Central ArkansasConwayArkansasUSA
| | - Taylor L. Buchanan
- Center for Exercise MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Andrew M. Sims
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Roland Staud
- Department of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Song Lai
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Brandis Phillips
- Department of Accounting & FinanceNorth Carolina A&T State UniversityGreensboroNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Thomas W. Buford
- Department of Medicine − Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative CareUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Birmingham/Atlanta Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterBirmingham VA Medical CenterBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Edwin N. Aroke
- School of NursingUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - David T. Redden
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Roger B. Fillingim
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of ExcellenceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of Community of Dentistry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Burel R. Goodin
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Department of AnesthesiologyWashington University, Washington University Pain CenterSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Kimberly T. Sibille
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of ExcellenceUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of Physical Medicine & RehabilitationUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mickle AM, Tanner JJ, Olowofela B, Wu S, Garvan C, Lai S, Addison A, Przkora R, Edberg JC, Staud R, Redden D, Goodin BR, Price CC, Fillingim RB, Sibille KT. Elucidating individual differences in chronic pain and whole person health with allostatic load biomarkers. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 33:100682. [PMID: 37701788 PMCID: PMC10493889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a stressor that affects whole person functioning. Persistent and prolonged activation of the body's stress systems without adequate recovery can result in measurable physiological and neurobiological dysregulation recognized as allostatic load. We and others have shown chronic pain is associated with measures of allostatic load including clinical biomarker composites, telomere length, and brain structures. Less is known regarding how different measures of allostatic load align. The purpose of the study was to evaluate relationships among two measures of allostatic load: a clinical composite and pain-related brain structures, pain, function, and socioenvironmental measures. Participants were non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white community-dwelling adults between 45 and 85 years old with knee pain. Data were from a brain MRI, questionnaires specific to pain, physical and psychosocial function, and a blood draw. Individuals with all measures for the clinical composite were included in the analysis (n = 175). Indicating higher allostatic load, higher levels of the clinical composite were associated with thinner insula cortices with trends for thinner inferior temporal lobes and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC). Higher allostatic load as measured by the clinical composite was associated with greater knee osteoarthritis pathology, pain disability, and lower physical function. Lower allostatic load as indicated by thicker insula cortices was associated with higher income and education, and greater physical functioning. Thicker insula and DLPFC were associated with a lower chronic pain stage. Multiple linear regression models with pain and socioenvironmental measures as the predictors were significant for the clinical composite, insular, and inferior temporal lobes. We replicate our previously reported bilateral temporal lobe group difference pattern and show that individuals with high chronic pain stage and greater socioenvironmental risk have a higher allostatic load as measured by the clinical composite compared to those individuals with high chronic pain stage and greater socioenvironmental buffers. Although brain structure differences are shown in individuals with chronic pain, brain MRIs are not yet clinically applicable. Our findings suggest that a clinical composite measure of allostatic load may help identify individuals with chronic pain who have biological vulnerabilities which increase the risk for poor health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Mickle
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Florida, 101 Newell Dr, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Jared J. Tanner
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, 1225 Center Dr, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Bankole Olowofela
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL. 32610, USA
| | - Stanley Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Florida, 101 Newell Dr, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Cynthia Garvan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL. 32610, USA
| | - Song Lai
- Department of Radiation Oncology & CTSI Human Imaging Core, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Rd Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Adriana Addison
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Campbell Hall 415, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35223, USA
| | - Rene Przkora
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL. 32610, USA
| | - Jeffrey C. Edberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Roland Staud
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, PO Box 100277, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David Redden
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Burel R. Goodin
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Campbell Hall 415, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35223, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Catherine C. Price
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, 1225 Center Dr, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Roger B. Fillingim
- Department of Community of Dentistry, University of Florida, 1329 SW 16th St, Room 5180, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kimberly T. Sibille
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Florida, 101 Newell Dr, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL. 32610, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bondy SC. The Hormesis Concept: Strengths and Shortcomings. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1512. [PMID: 37892194 PMCID: PMC10604602 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormesis implies that the effects of various materials or conditions that organisms are exposed to, may not have linear dose-response characteristics but rather, can be biphasic. Thus the response to a low dose of a stressor may be the opposite to that occurring at higher doses. Such a dual response is postulated for many toxicants and physical conditions and may involve a beneficial adaptive response. Such a non-linear effect is undoubtedly present in many useful pharmacological and nutraceutical agents with can be toxic at high concentrations. This somewhat divisive topic is an area of study that should be objectively studied and not clouded by political and policy considerations. The objective of this review is to examine claims concerning those exposures where hormesis seems to exist and also those where there is no good supporting evidence. The breadth of this phenomenon and potential mechanisms underlying hormetic events are discussed together with their limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C. Bondy
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kyriazis M, Swas L, Orlova T. The Impact of Hormesis, Neuronal Stress Response, and Reproduction, upon Clinical Aging: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5433. [PMID: 37629475 PMCID: PMC10455615 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The primary objective of researchers in the biology of aging is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the aging process while developing practical solutions that can enhance the quality of life for older individuals. This involves a continuous effort to bridge the gap between fundamental biological research and its real-world applications. PURPOSE In this narrative review, we attempt to link research findings concerning the hormetic relationship between neurons and germ cells, and translate these findings into clinically relevant concepts. METHODS We conducted a literature search using PubMed, Embase, PLOS, Digital Commons Network, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library from 2000 to 2023, analyzing studies dealing with the relationship between hormetic, cognitive, and reproductive aspects of human aging. RESULTS The process of hormesis serves as a bridge between the biology of neuron-germ cell interactions on one hand, and the clinical relevance of these interactions on the other. Details concerning these processes are discussed here, emphasizing new research which strengthens the overall concept. CONCLUSIONS This review presents a scientifically and clinically relevant argument, claiming that maintaining a cognitively active lifestyle may decrease age-related degeneration, and improve overall health in aging. This is a totally novel approach which reflects current developments in several relevant aspects of our biology, technology, and society.
Collapse
|
13
|
Sahoo DK, Chainy GBN. Hormone-linked redox status and its modulation by antioxidants. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2023; 121:197-246. [PMID: 36707135 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hormones have been considered as key factors involved in the maintenance of the redox status of the body. We are making considerable progress in understanding interactions between the endocrine system, redox status, and oxidative stress with the dynamics of life, which encompasses fertilization, development, growth, aging, and various pathophysiological states. One of the reasons for changes in redox states of vertebrates leading to oxidative stress scenario is the disruption of the endocrine system. Comprehending the dynamics of hormonal status to redox state and oxidative stress in living systems is challenging. It is more difficult to come to a unifying conclusion when some hormones exhibit oxidant properties while others have antioxidant features. There is a very limited approach to correlate alteration in titers of hormones with redox status and oxidative stress with growth, development, aging, and pathophysiological stress. The situation is further complicated when considering various tissues and sexes in vertebrates. This chapter discusses the beneficial impacts of hormones with antioxidative properties, such as melatonin, glucagon, insulin, estrogens, and progesterone, which protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce pathophysiological effects. Additionally, we discuss the protective effects of antioxidants like vitamins A, E, and C, curcumin, tempol, N-acetyl cysteine, α-lipoic acid, date palm pollen extract, resveratrol, and flavonoids on oxidative stress triggered by hormones such as aldosterone, glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones, and catecholamines. Inflammation, pathophysiology, and the aging process can all be controlled by understanding how antioxidants and hormones operate together to maintain cellular redox status. Identifying the hormonal changes and the action of antioxidants may help in developing new therapeutic strategies for hormonal imbalance-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa States University, Ames, IA, United States.
| | - Gagan B N Chainy
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu R, Shandilya UK, Yiannikouris A, Karrow NA. Traditional and emerging Fusarium mycotoxins disrupt homeostasis of bovine mammary cells by altering cell permeability and innate immune function. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:388-397. [PMID: 36733782 PMCID: PMC9883199 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
High incidence of traditional and emerging Fusarium mycotoxins in cereal grains and silages can be a potential threat to feed safety and ruminants. Inadequate biodegradation of Fusarium mycotoxins by rumen microflora following ingestion of mycotoxin-contaminated feeds can lead to their circulatory transport to target tissues such as mammary gland. The bovine udder plays a pivotal role in maintaining milk yield and composition, thus, human health. However, toxic effects of Fusarium mycotoxins on bovine mammary gland are rarely studied. In this study, the bovine mammary epithelial cell line was used as an in-vitro model of bovine mammary epithelium to investigate effects of deoxynivalenol (DON), enniatin B (ENB) and beauvericin (BEA) on bovine mammary gland homeostasis. Results indicated that exposure to DON, ENB and BEA for 48 h significantly decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.001). Exposure to DON at 0.39 μmol/L and BEA at 2.5 μmol/L for 48 h also decreased paracellular flux of FITC-40 kDa dextran (P < 0.05), whereas none of the mycotoxins affected transepithelial electrical resistance after 48 h exposure. The qPCR was performed for assessment of expression of gene coding tight junction (TJ) proteins, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and cytokines after 4, 24 and 48 h of exposure. DON, ENB and BEA significantly upregulated the TJ protein zonula occludens-1, whereas markedly downregulated claudin 3 (P < 0.05). Exposure to DON at 1.35 μmol/L for 4 h significantly increased expression of occludin (P < 0.01). DON, ENB and BEA significant downregulated TLR4 (P < 0.05). In contrast, ENB markedly increased expression of cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P < 0.001), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-a) (P < 0.05) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) (P < 0.01). BEA significantly upregulated IL- 6 (P < 0.001) and TGF-β (P = 0.01), but downregulated TNF-α (P < 0.001). These results suggest that DON, ENB and BEA can disrupt mammary gland homeostasis by inducing cell death as well as altering its paracellular permeability and expression of genes involved in innate immune function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Umesh K. Shandilya
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Alexandros Yiannikouris
- Alltech Inc., Center for Animal Nutrigenomics and Applied Animal Nutrition, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA
| | - Niel A. Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
García-Martínez BI, Ruiz-Ramos M, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Santiago-Osorio E, Mendoza-Núñez VM. Influence of Age and Dose on the Effect of Resveratrol for Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165232. [PMID: 36014469 PMCID: PMC9416262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several clinical trials have suggested that resveratrol has hypoglycemic properties; however, there are other studies in which such an effect has not been observed. Methods: We carried out a systematic search in several databases; seventeen studies were selected for the systematic review and fifteen were included in the meta-analysis. Results: Resveratrol decreases glucose levels in subjects aged 45−59 years at doses <250 mg/day (−8.64 mg/dL, p < 0.00001), 250−500 mg/day (−22.24 mg/dL, p = 0.0003), and 500−1000 mg/day (−28.40 mg/dL, p = 0.0008), while in subjects older than 60 years, it only decreases with doses of 250−500 mg/day. Likewise, HbA1c improved in subjects aged 45−59 years with doses of 250−500 mg (−0.60%, p < 0.00001), but not in subjects older than 60 years. Insulin levels improved in subjects aged 45−59 years with doses < 250 mg/day (−0.80 mIU/L, p = 0.0003) and doses of 250−500 mg/day (−5.0 mIU/L, p = 0.0003), although in subjects older than 60 years, they only improved with doses of 250−500 mg/day (−1.79 mIU/L, p = 0.01). On the other hand, HOMA-IR only improved in subjects older than 60 years with doses of 250−500 mg/day (−0.40, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Resveratrol has a statistically significant dose−response effect on glucose concentrations, HbA1c, and insulin levels; however, there is not enough scientific evidence to propose a therapeutic dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirna Ruiz-Ramos
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
| | - Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lacripep for the Treatment of Primary Sjögren's-Associated Ocular Surface Disease: Results of the First-In-Human Study. Cornea 2022:00003226-990000000-00084. [PMID: 35942530 PMCID: PMC9895125 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the safety, tolerability, dosing, and efficacy of the active 19 amino acid fragment of lacritin (Lacripep), a broad regulator of ocular surface homeostasis, in the treatment of ocular surface disease associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome. METHODS Two hundred four subjects were randomized to receive vehicle, 22 μM Lacripep, or 44 μM Lacripep 3 times daily for 28 days, preceded by a 14-day run-in and followed by 14-day washout. Outcome measures were corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), lissamine conjunctival staining, Schirmer with anesthesia, tear break-up time, SANDE scoring, and visual analog scale assessment of symptoms. RESULTS This study established the safety and tolerability of topical treatment with Lacripep in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. There were few adverse events: Only mild irritation was found in less than 3 percent of patients dosed with Lacripep. Total CFS and Eye Dryness Score were not significantly changed at day 28. Post hoc analysis of patients with Eye Dryness Severity scores of 60 or greater at baseline revealed significant improvements in inferior CFS at 14 and 28 days and complaints of burning and stinging at 14 days. Significant improvement in regional lissamine conjunctival staining was seen at 14 and 28 days. CONCLUSIONS This first-in-human study of Lacripep in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome demonstrated clinically significant improvements in specific signs and symptoms on which to base future studies. This study established safety and tolerability and potential metrics of efficacy in patients with moderate to severe disease. Further work on appropriate dosing and concentration is ongoing.
Collapse
|
17
|
Forcina L, Franceschi C, Musarò A. The hormetic and hermetic role of IL-6. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 80:101697. [PMID: 35850167 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine regulating different tissues and organs in diverse and sometimes discrepant ways. The dual and sometime hermetic nature of IL-6 action has been highlighted in several contexts and can be explained by the concept of hormesis, in which beneficial or toxic effects can be induced by the same molecule depending on the intensity, persistence, and nature of the stimulation. According with hormesis, a low and/or controlled IL-6 release is associated with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-myogenic actions, whereas increased systemic levels of IL-6 can induce pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidant and pro-fibrotic responses. However, many aspects regarding the multifaceted action of IL-6 and the complex nature of its signal transduction remains to be fully elucidated. In this review we collect mechanistic insight into the molecular networks contributing to normal or pathologic changes during advancing age and in chronic diseases. We point out the involvement of IL-6 deregulation in aging-related diseases, dissecting the hormetic action of this key mediator in different tissues, with a special focus on skeletal muscle. Since IL-6 can act as an enhancer of detrimental factor associated with both aging and pathologic conditions, such as chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, this cytokine could represent a "Gerokine", a determinant of the switch from physiologic aging to age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Forcina
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa, 14, Rome 00161, Italy.
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Antonio Musarò
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Scuola Superiore di Studi Avanzati Sapienza (SSAS), Via A. Scarpa, 14, Rome 00161, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Martel J, Chang SH, Ko YF, Hwang TL, Young JD, Ojcius DM. Gut barrier disruption and chronic disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:247-265. [PMID: 35151560 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier protects the host against gut microbes, food antigens, and toxins present in the gastrointestinal tract. However, gut barrier integrity can be affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including genetic predisposition, the Western diet, antibiotics, alcohol, circadian rhythm disruption, psychological stress, and aging. Chronic disruption of the gut barrier can lead to translocation of microbial components into the body, producing systemic, low-grade inflammation. While the association between gut barrier integrity and inflammation in intestinal diseases is well established, we review here recent studies indicating that the gut barrier and microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the development of metabolic, autoimmune, and aging-related disorders. Emerging interventions to improve gut barrier integrity and microbiota composition are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Chang
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan; Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - John D Young
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - David M Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Witkamp RF. Bioactive Components in Traditional Foods Aimed at Health Promotion: A Route to Novel Mechanistic Insights and Lead Molecules? Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2022; 13:315-336. [PMID: 35041794 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-052720-092845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Traditional foods and diets can provide health benefits beyond their nutrient composition because of the presence of bioactive compounds. In various traditional healthcare systems, diet-based approaches have always played an important role, which has often survived until today. Therefore, investigating traditional foods aimed at health promotion could render not only novel bioactive substances but also mechanistic insights. However, compared to pharmacologically focused research on natural products, investigating such nutrition-based interventions is even more complicated owing to interacting compounds, less potent and relatively subtle effects, the food matrix, and variations in composition and intake. At the same time, technical advances in 'omics' technologies, cheminformatics, and big data analysis create new opportunities, further strengthened by increasing insights into the biology of health and homeostatic resilience. These are to be combined with state-of-the-art ethnobotanical research, which is key to obtaining reliable and reproducible data. Unfortunately, socioeconomic developments and climate change threaten traditional use and knowledge as well as biodiversity. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, Volume 13 is March 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renger F Witkamp
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zimmer C, Woods HA, Martin LB. Information theory in vertebrate stress physiology. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:8-17. [PMID: 34750063 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Information theory has been applied productively across biology, but it has been used minimally in endocrinology. Here, we advocate for the integration of information theory into stress endocrinology. Presently, the majority of models of stress center on the regulation of hormone concentrations, even though what interests most endocrinologists and matters in terms of individual health and evolutionary fitness is the information content of hormones. In neuroscience, the free energy principle, a concept offered to explain how the brain infers current and future states of the environment, could be a guide for resolving how information is instantiated in hormones such as the glucocorticoids. Here, we offer several ideas and promising options for research addressing how hormones encode and cells respond to information in glucocorticoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Zimmer
- Global Health and Infectious Disease Research Center, University of South Florida, FL 33612, USA; Laboratoire d'Ethologie Expérimentale et Comparée, LEEC, UR 4443, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 93430, Villetaneuse, France.
| | - H Arthur Woods
- University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Lynn B Martin
- Global Health and Infectious Disease Research Center, University of South Florida, FL 33612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee S, Ko E, Lee H, Kim KT, Choi M, Shin S. Mixed Exposure of Persistent Organic Pollutants Alters Oxidative Stress Markers and Mitochondrial Function in the Tail of Zebrafish Depending on Sex. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189539. [PMID: 34574462 PMCID: PMC8469042 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are lipid-soluble toxins that are not easily degraded; therefore, they accumulate in the environment and the human body. Several studies have indicated a correlation between POPs and metabolic diseases; however, their effects on mitochondria as a central organelle in cellular metabolism and the usage of mitochondria as functional markers for metabolic disease are barely understood. In this study, a zebrafish model system was exposed to two subclasses of POPs, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), under two different conditions (solitary OCPs or OCPs with PCBs (Aroclor 1254)), and changes in the oxidative stress marker levels and mitochondrial enzyme activities in the electron transport chain of the tail were measured to observe the correlation between POPs and representative biomarkers for metabolic disease. The results indicated different responses upon exposure to OCPs and OCPs with Aroclor 1254, and accelerated toxicity was observed following exposure to mixed POPs (OCPs with Aroclor 1254). Males were more sensitive to changes in the levels of oxidative stress markers induced by POP exposure, whereas females were more susceptible to the toxic effects of POPs on the levels of mitochondrial activity markers. These results demonstrate that the study reflects real environmental conditions, with low-dose and multiple-toxin exposure for a long period, and that POPs alter major mitochondrial enzymes’ functions with an imbalance of redox homeostasis in a sex-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songhee Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioenergy and Biomaterials Graduate School, College of Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Eun Ko
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Hyojin Lee
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, College of Energy and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea; (H.L.); (K.-T.K.)
| | - Ki-Tae Kim
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, College of Energy and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea; (H.L.); (K.-T.K.)
| | - Moonsung Choi
- Department of Optometry, College of Energy and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea
- Convergence Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Sooim Shin
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioenergy and Biomaterials Graduate School, College of Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Friedman Y. On recovery: re-directing the concept by differentiation of its meanings. MEDICINE, HEALTH CARE, AND PHILOSOPHY 2021; 24:389-399. [PMID: 33811591 PMCID: PMC8019304 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-021-10014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recovery is a commonly used concept in both professional and everyday contexts. Yet despite its extensive use, it has not drawn much philosophical attention. In this paper, I question the common understanding of recovery, show how the concept is inadequate, and introduce new and much needed terminology. I argue that recovery glosses over important distinctions and even misrepresents the process of moving away from malady as "going back" to a former state of health. It does not invite important nuances needed to distinguish between biomedical, phenomenological, and social perspectives. In addition, I claim that there are many conditions where we are making use of the concept of recovery, although the person recovered from the condition in question, has not regained the same degree of soundness. I show how the concept of recovery leads to conceptual discrepancies that can result in worsening patients' conditions. To gain a fuller understanding, I propose to rethink the direction of the process in question. I define the process of moving away from malady as a move forward towards a new state of soundness. I also suggest three terms, corresponding to different perspectives, to describe this movement forward: 'curing' (biomedical perspective), 'healing' (first-person perspective), and 'habilitating' (social perspective). This new terminology provides a more nuanced understanding of the states of both malady and soundness and an attentiveness as to how they differ and relate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Friedman
- Centre for Philosophy and the Sciences (CPS), Department of Philosophy, Classics, History of Art and Ideas, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Witkamp RF. Nutrition to Optimise Human Health-How to Obtain Physiological Substantiation? Nutrients 2021; 13:2155. [PMID: 34201670 PMCID: PMC8308379 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Demonstrating in an unambiguous manner that a diet, let alone a single product, 'optimizes' health, presents an enormous challenge. The least complicated is when the starting situation is clearly suboptimal, like with nutritional deficiencies, malnutrition, unfavourable lifestyle, or due to disease or ageing. Here, desired improvements and intervention strategies may to some extent be clear. However, even then situations require approaches that take into account interactions between nutrients and other factors, complex dose-effect relationships etc. More challenging is to substantiate that a diet or a specific product optimizes health in the general population, which comes down to achieve perceived, 'non-medical' or future health benefits in predominantly healthy persons. Presumed underlying mechanisms involve effects of non-nutritional components with subtle and slowly occurring physiological effects that may be difficult to translate into measurable outcomes. Most promising strategies combine classical physiological concepts with those of 'multi-omics' and systems biology. Resilience-the ability to maintain or regain homeostasis in response to stressors-is often used as proxy for a particular health domain. Next to this, quantifying health requires personalized strategies, measurements preferably carried out remotely, real-time and in a normal living environment, and experimental designs other than randomized controlled trials (RCTs), for example N-of-1 trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renger F Witkamp
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research (WUR), 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Martel J, Chang SH, Wu CY, Peng HH, Hwang TL, Ko YF, Young JD, Ojcius DM. Recent advances in the field of caloric restriction mimetics and anti-aging molecules. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 66:101240. [PMID: 33347992 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) mimetics are molecules that produce beneficial effects on health and longevity in model organisms and humans, without the challenges of maintaining a CR diet. Conventional CR mimetics such as metformin, rapamycin and spermidine activate autophagy, leading to recycling of cellular components and improvement of physiological function. We review here novel CR mimetics and anti-aging compounds, such as 4,4'-dimethoxychalcone, fungal polysaccharides, inorganic nitrate, and trientine, highlighting their possible molecular targets and mechanisms of action. The activity of these compounds can be understood within the context of hormesis, a biphasic dose response that involves beneficial effects at low or moderate doses and toxic effects at high doses. The concept of hormesis has widespread implications for the identification of CR mimetics in experimental assays, testing in clinical trials, and use in healthy humans. We also discuss the promises and limitations of CR mimetics and anti-aging molecules for delaying aging and treating chronic diseases.
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
It is now well understood that the eukaryotic host has evolved multiple mechanisms to monitor and respond to the diverse and biochemically active microbiota that thrives in a symbiotic fashion in the gut and other tissues. Generally, these mechanisms are based on traditional notions of innate and adaptive immune processes, which are mediated by recognition of, and response to, microbially derived macromolecules. Microbes themselves are metabolically active and contribute a vast array of small molecules, not present in germ-free model systems, with diverse putative and unknown biological function, and intensive work is ongoing to unravel their roles in physiological systems. Metazoans have evolved and maintain distinct gene regulatory networks to detect and respond to environmental, non-self-molecules (xenobiotics), and interestingly, recent investigation has shown that these pathways are operational in the detection and response to microbiota-derived small metabolites. These processes likely represent a general mechanism of host-microbe crosstalk, and they have clinical implications in drug and xenobiotic metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Neish
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang J, Krishnan A, Wu H, Venkataraman V. Calcium-Dependent Translocation of S100B Is Facilitated by Neurocalcin Delta. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26010227. [PMID: 33466232 PMCID: PMC7794955 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
S100B is a calcium-binding protein that governs calcium-mediated responses in a variety of cells—especially neuronal and glial cells. It is also extensively investigated as a potential biomarker for several disease conditions, especially neurodegenerative ones. In order to establish S100B as a viable pharmaceutical target, it is critical to understand its mechanistic role in signaling pathways and its interacting partners. In this report, we provide evidence to support a calcium-regulated interaction between S100B and the neuronal calcium sensor protein, neurocalcin delta both in vitro and in living cells. Membrane overlay assays were used to test the interaction between purified proteins in vitro and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, for interactions in living cells. Added calcium is essential for interaction in vitro; however, in living cells, calcium elevation causes translocation of the NCALD-S100B complex to the membrane-rich, perinuclear trans-Golgi network in COS7 cells, suggesting that the response is independent of specialized structures/molecules found in neuronal/glial cells. Similar results are also observed with hippocalcin, a closely related paralog; however, the interaction appears less robust in vitro. The N-terminal region of NCALD and HPCA appear to be critical for interaction with S100B based on in vitro experiments. The possible physiological significance of this interaction is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA; (J.Z.); (A.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Anuradha Krishnan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA; (J.Z.); (A.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA; (J.Z.); (A.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Venkat Venkataraman
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA; (J.Z.); (A.K.); (H.W.)
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, NeuroMusculoskeletal Institute, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-856-566-6418
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Detection of Three Different Estrogens in Milk Employing SPR Sensors Based on Double Signal Amplification Using Graphene. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
28
|
Jones RM, Neish AS. Gut Microbiota in Intestinal and Liver Disease. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2020; 16:251-275. [PMID: 33234022 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-030320-095722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is known that the gut microbiota, the numerically vast and taxonomically diverse microbial communities that thrive in a symbiotic fashion within our alimentary tract, can affect the normal physiology of the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Further, disturbances of the microbiota community structure from both endogenous and exogenous influences as well as the failure of host responsive mechanisms have been implicated in a variety of disease processes. Mechanistically, alterations in intestinal permeability and dysbiosis of the microbiota can result in inflammation, immune activation, and exposure to xenobiotic influences. Additionally, the gut and liver are continually exposed to small molecule products of the microbiota with proinflammatory, gene regulatory, and oxidative properties. Long-term coevolution has led to tolerance and incorporation of these influences into normal physiology and homeostasis; conversely, changes in this equilibrium from either the host or the microbial side can result in a wide variety of immune, inflammatory, metabolic, and neoplastic intestinal and hepatic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rheinallt M Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA;
| | - Andrew S Neish
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Diaz JE, Ahsen ME, Schaffter T, Chen X, Realubit RB, Karan C, Califano A, Losic B, Stolovitzky G. The transcriptomic response of cells to a drug combination is more than the sum of the responses to the monotherapies. eLife 2020; 9:52707. [PMID: 32945258 PMCID: PMC7546737 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our ability to discover effective drug combinations is limited, in part by insufficient understanding of how the transcriptional response of two monotherapies results in that of their combination. We analyzed matched time course RNAseq profiling of cells treated with single drugs and their combinations and found that the transcriptional signature of the synergistic combination was unique relative to that of either constituent monotherapy. The sequential activation of transcription factors in time in the gene regulatory network was implicated. The nature of this transcriptional cascade suggests that drug synergy may ensue when the transcriptional responses elicited by two unrelated individual drugs are correlated. We used these results as the basis of a simple prediction algorithm attaining an AUROC of 0.77 in the prediction of synergistic drug combinations in an independent dataset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer El Diaz
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,IBM Computational Biology Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, United States
| | - Mehmet Eren Ahsen
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,IBM Computational Biology Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, United States.,Department of Business Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, United States
| | - Thomas Schaffter
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,IBM Computational Biology Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, United States
| | - Xintong Chen
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Ronald B Realubit
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Sulzberger Columbia Genome Center, High Throughput Screening Facility, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Charles Karan
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Sulzberger Columbia Genome Center, High Throughput Screening Facility, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Bojan Losic
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Tisch Cancer Institute, Cancer Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Gustavo Stolovitzky
- Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,IBM Computational Biology Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, United States.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Geng Y, Wu Z, Buist-Homan M, Blokzijl H, Moshage H. Hesperetin protects against palmitate-induced cellular toxicity via induction of GRP78 in hepatocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 404:115183. [PMID: 32763355 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hesperetin, a flavonoid derivative, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties. In the present study, we aim to examine whether hesperetin protects against palmitate-induced lipotoxic cell death and to investigate the underlying mechanisms in hepatocytes. Primary rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells were pretreated with hesperetin for 30 min and then exposed to palmitate (1.0 mmol/L in primary rat hepatocytes; 0.5 mmol/L in HepG2 cells) in the presence or absence of hesperetin. Necrotic cell death was measured via Sytox green nuclei staining and quantified by LDH release assay. Apoptotic cell death was determined by caspase 3/7 activity and the protein level of cleaved-PARP. The unfolded protein response (UPR) was assessed by measuring the expression of GRP78, sXBP1, ATF4 and CHOP. Results show that hesperetin (50 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L) protected against palmitate-induced cell death and inhibited palmitate-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in both primary rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. Hesperetin (100 μmol/L) significantly activated sXBP1/GRP78 signaling, whereas a high concentration of hesperetin (200 μmol/L) activated p-eIF2α and caused hepatic cell death. Importantly, GRP78 knockdown via siRNA abolished the protective effects of hesperetin in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, hesperetin protected against palmitate-induced hepatic cell death via activation of the sXBP1/GRP78 signaling pathway, thus inhibiting palmitate-induced ER stress. Moreover, high concentrations of hesperetin induce ER stress and subsequently cause cell death in hepatocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yana Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Zongmei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Manon Buist-Homan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Hans Blokzijl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Han Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
An JM, Kim E, Lee HJ, Park MH, Son DJ, Hahm KB. Dolichos lablab L. extracts as pharmanutrient for stress-related mucosal disease in rat stomach. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 67:89-101. [PMID: 32801474 PMCID: PMC7417803 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric stress-related mucosal disease (SRMD) presented from superficial gastritis to deep ulceration consequent to insufficient perfusion, ischemia, and oxidative stress. Though pharmacologic interventions to optimize tissue perfusion or to enhance defensive mechanism are essential, limited clinical outcome necessitates strong acid suppressors or natural agents. Under the hypothesis that Dolichos lablab L. (NKM 23-1) can enhance defense against SRMD, water immersion restraint stress (WIRS) were imposed to rats and additional groups pretreated with differing doses of NKM 23-1 were monitored. On gross and microscopic evaluation, they significantly rescued SRMD (p<0.01). The levels of inflammatory mediators such as IL-18, IL-1β, IL-8, iNOS, TNF-α, caspase-1, NOXs as well as MMPs accompanied with NF-κB p50 activation were all significantly increased in WIRS, but their levels were significantly decreased in Groups pretreated with NKM 23-1. WIRS significantly increased apoptosis, but significantly decreased with NKM 23-1 accompanied with significantly increased levels of cyclin D/E and HSP70/HSP27. Gastric mucin was significantly preserved in Groups pretreated with NKM 23-1, while depleted in WIRS, accompanied with increased expressions of Muc5A. Gastric levels of HO-1 and NQO1 were significantly increased in Group treated with NKM 23-1 with transcriptional activation of Nrf2. Conclusively, preemptive intake of NKM 23-1 significantly rescued SRMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Min An
- CHA Cancer Preventive Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, 59, Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Korea
| | - EunHye Kim
- CHA Cancer Preventive Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, 59, Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Korea
| | - Ho Jae Lee
- Gachon University Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Incheon, 21565, Korea
| | - Min Hee Park
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Dong Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Korea
| | - Ki Baik Hahm
- CHA Cancer Preventive Research Center, CHA Bio Complex, CHA University, 59, Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Korea.,Research Institute, Medpactor, 92, Myeongdal-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06668, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Huecker MR, Shreffler J, Ferguson B. Sleep deprivation hormesis: The shift that doesn't kill you makes you stronger. Am J Emerg Med 2020; 39:223-224. [PMID: 32482482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Huecker
- University of Louisville, Department of Emergency Medicine, 550 South Jackson, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America.
| | - Jacob Shreffler
- University of Louisville, Department of Emergency Medicine, 550 South Jackson, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America
| | - Brian Ferguson
- University of Louisville, Department of Emergency Medicine, 550 South Jackson, Louisville, KY 40202, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|