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Cortes S, Farhat E, Talarico G, Mennigen JA. The dynamic transcriptomic response of the goldfish brain under chronic hypoxia. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 50:101233. [PMID: 38608489 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen is essential to fuel aerobic metabolism. Some species evolved mechanisms to tolerate periods of severe hypoxia and even anoxia in their environment. Among them, goldfish (Carassius auratus) are unique, in that they do not enter a comatose state under severely hypoxic conditions. There is thus significant interest in the field of comparative physiology to uncover the mechanistic basis underlying hypoxia tolerance in goldfish, with a particular focus on the brain. Taking advantage of the recently published and annotated goldfish genome, we profile the transcriptomic response of the goldfish brain under normoxic (21 kPa oxygen saturation) and, following gradual reduction, constant hypoxic conditions after 1 and 4 weeks (2.1 kPa oxygen saturation). In addition to analyzing differentially expressed protein-coding genes and enriched pathways, we also profile differentially expressed microRNAs (miRs). Using in silico approaches, we identify possible miR-mRNA relationships. Differentially expressed transcripts compared to normoxia were either common to both timepoints of hypoxia exposure (n = 174 mRNAs; n = 6 miRs), or exclusive to 1-week (n = 441 mRNAs; n = 23 miRs) or 4-week hypoxia exposure (n = 491 mRNAs; n = 34 miRs). Under chronic hypoxia, an increasing number of transcripts, including those of paralogous genes, was downregulated over time, suggesting a decrease in transcription. GO-terms related to the vascular system, oxidative stress, stress signalling, oxidoreductase activity, nucleotide- and intermediary metabolism, and mRNA posttranscriptional regulation were found to be enriched under chronic hypoxia. Known 'hypoxamiRs', such as miR-210-3p/5p, and miRs such as miR-29b-3p likely contribute to posttranscriptional regulation of these pathways under chronic hypoxia in the goldfish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cortes
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - E Farhat
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ggm Talarico
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - J A Mennigen
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, K1N6N5 20 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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2
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Fang Y, Li Z, Yang L, Li W, Wang Y, Kong Z, Miao J, Chen Y, Bian Y, Zeng L. Emerging roles of lactate in acute and chronic inflammation. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:276. [PMID: 38755659 PMCID: PMC11097486 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, lactate has been considered a 'waste product' of cellular metabolism. Recent findings have shown that lactate is a substance that plays an indispensable role in various physiological cellular functions and contributes to energy metabolism and signal transduction during immune and inflammatory responses. The discovery of lactylation further revealed the role of lactate in regulating inflammatory processes. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the paradoxical characteristics of lactate metabolism in the inflammatory microenvironment and highlight the pivotal roles of lactate homeostasis, the lactate shuttle, and lactylation ('lactate clock') in acute and chronic inflammatory responses from a molecular perspective. We especially focused on lactate and lactate receptors with either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects on complex molecular biological signalling pathways and investigated the dynamic changes in inflammatory immune cells in the lactate-related inflammatory microenvironment. Moreover, we reviewed progress on the use of lactate as a therapeutic target for regulating the inflammatory response, which may provide a new perspective for treating inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunda Fang
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhengjun Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- College of Health Economics Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jingwen Library, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wen Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, ·School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, ·School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ziyang Kong
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, ·School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jia Miao
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yanqi Chen
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yaoyao Bian
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, ·School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- TCM Rehabilitation Center, Jiangsu Second Chinese Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Li Zeng
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of TCM External Medication Development and Application, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China.
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3
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Zhou Y, Liu X, Qi Z, Yang L, Huang C, Lin D. Deciphering the Therapeutic Role of Lactate in Combating Disuse-Induced Muscle Atrophy: An NMR-Based Metabolomic Study in Mice. Molecules 2024; 29:2216. [PMID: 38792078 PMCID: PMC11124173 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Disuse muscle atrophy (DMA) is a significant healthcare challenge characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and function resulting from prolonged inactivity. The development of effective strategies for muscle recovery is essential. In this study, we established a DMA mouse model through hindlimb suspension to evaluate the therapeutic potential of lactate in alleviating the detrimental effects on the gastrocnemius muscle. Using NMR-based metabolomic analysis, we investigated the metabolic changes in DMA-injured gastrocnemius muscles compared to controls and evaluated the beneficial effects of lactate treatment. Our results show that lactate significantly reduced muscle mass loss and improved muscle function by downregulating Murf1 expression, decreasing protein ubiquitination and hydrolysis, and increasing myosin heavy chain levels. Crucially, lactate corrected perturbations in four key metabolic pathways in the DMA gastrocnemius: the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan; phenylalanine metabolism; histidine metabolism; and arginine and proline metabolism. In addition to phenylalanine-related pathways, lactate also plays a role in regulating branched-chain amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism. Notably, lactate treatment normalized the levels of eight essential metabolites in DMA mice, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic agent against the consequences of prolonged inactivity and muscle wasting. This study not only advances our understanding of the therapeutic benefits of lactate but also provides a foundation for novel treatment approaches aimed at metabolic restoration and muscle recovery in conditions of muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Zhen Qi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Longhe Yang
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Caihua Huang
- Research and Communication Center of Exercise and Health, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361021, China;
| | - Donghai Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.)
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Zong Z, Xie F, Wang S, Wu X, Zhang Z, Yang B, Zhou F. Alanyl-tRNA synthetase, AARS1, is a lactate sensor and lactyltransferase that lactylates p53 and contributes to tumorigenesis. Cell 2024; 187:2375-2392.e33. [PMID: 38653238 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Lysine lactylation is a post-translational modification that links cellular metabolism to protein function. Here, we find that AARS1 functions as a lactate sensor that mediates global lysine lacylation in tumor cells. AARS1 binds to lactate and catalyzes the formation of lactate-AMP, followed by transfer of lactate to the lysince acceptor residue. Proteomics studies reveal a large number of AARS1 targets, including p53 where lysine 120 and lysine 139 in the DNA binding domain are lactylated. Generation and utilization of p53 variants carrying constitutively lactylated lysine residues revealed that AARS1 lactylation of p53 hinders its liquid-liquid phase separation, DNA binding, and transcriptional activation. AARS1 expression and p53 lacylation correlate with poor prognosis among cancer patients carrying wild type p53. β-alanine disrupts lactate binding to AARS1, reduces p53 lacylation, and mitigates tumorigenesis in animal models. We propose that AARS1 contributes to tumorigenesis by coupling tumor cell metabolism to proteome alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, the Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, the Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu key laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, the Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu key laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojin Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, the Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, the Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Disease and Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu key laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Gao X, Pang C, Fan Z, Wang Y, Duan Y, Zhan H. Regulation of newly identified lysine lactylation in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216680. [PMID: 38346584 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a typical hallmark of cancer. Enhanced glycolysis in tumor cells leads to the accumulation of lactate, which is traditionally considered metabolic waste. With the development of high-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), the lactate-derived, lysine lactylation(Kla), has been identified. Kla can alter the spatial configuration of chromatin and regulate the expression of corresponding genes. Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic remodeling have been extensively linked. Accumulating studies have subsequently expanded the framework on the key roles of this protein translational modification (PTM) in tumors and have provided a new concept of cancer-specific regulation by Kla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Chaoyu Pang
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Zhiyao Fan
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yangmiao Duan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Hanxiang Zhan
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China.
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6
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Yang G, Hong J, Park SB. Wearable device for continuous sweat lactate monitoring in sports: a narrative review. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1376801. [PMID: 38638276 PMCID: PMC11025537 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1376801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In sports science, the use of wearable technology has facilitated the development of new approaches for tracking and assessing athletes' performance. This narrative review rigorously explores the evolution and contemporary state of wearable devices specifically engineered for continuously monitoring lactate levels in sweat, an essential biomarker for appraising endurance performance. Lactate threshold tests have traditionally been integral in tailoring training intensity for athletes, but these tests have relied on invasive blood tests that are impractical outside a laboratory setting. The transition to noninvasive, real-time monitoring through wearable technology introduces an innovative approach, facilitating continuous assessment without the constraints inherent in traditional methodologies. We selected 34 products from a pool of 246 articles found through a meticulous search of articles published up to January 2024 in renowned databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. We used keywords such as "sweat lactate monitoring," "continuous lactate monitoring," and "wearable devices." The findings underscore the capabilities of noninvasive sweat lactate monitoring technologies to conduct long-term assessments over a broad range of 0-100 mM, providing a safer alternative with minimal infection risks. By enabling real-time evaluations of the lactate threshold (LT) and maximal lactate steady state (MLSS), these technologies offer athletes various device options tailored to their specific sports and preferences. This review explores the mechanisms of currently available lactate monitoring technologies, focusing on electrochemical sensors that have undergone extensive research and show promise for commercialization. These sensors employ amperometric reactions to quantify lactate levels and detect changes resulting from enzymatic activities. In contrast, colorimetric sensors offer a more straightforward and user-friendly approach by displaying lactate concentrations through color alterations. Despite significant advancements, the relationship between sweat lactate and blood lactate levels remains intricate owing to various factors such as environmental conditions and the lag between exercise initiation and sweating. Furthermore, there is a marked gap in research on sweat lactate compared to blood lactate across various sports disciplines. This review highlights the need for further research to address these shortcomings and substantiate the performance of lactate sweat monitoring technologies in a broader spectrum of sports environments. The tremendous potential of these technologies to supplant invasive blood lactate tests and pioneer new avenues for athlete management and performance optimization in real-world settings heralds a promising future for integrating sports science and wearable technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junggi Hong
- *Correspondence: Seung-Bo Park, ; Junggi Hong,
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7
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Caffrey EB, Sonnenburg JL, Devkota S. Our extended microbiome: The human-relevant metabolites and biology of fermented foods. Cell Metab 2024; 36:684-701. [PMID: 38569469 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
One of the key modes of microbial metabolism occurring in the gut microbiome is fermentation. This energy-yielding process transforms common macromolecules like polysaccharides and amino acids into a wide variety of chemicals, many of which are relevant to microbe-microbe and microbe-host interactions. Analogous transformations occur during the production of fermented foods, resulting in an abundance of bioactive metabolites. In foods, the products of fermentation can influence food safety and preservation, nutrient availability, and palatability and, once consumed, may impact immune and metabolic status, disease expression, and severity. Human signaling pathways perceive and respond to many of the currently known fermented food metabolites, though expansive chemical novelty remains to be defined. Here we discuss several aspects of fermented food-associated microbes and metabolites, including a condensed history, current understanding of their interactions with hosts and host-resident microbes, connections with commercial probiotics, and opportunities for future research on human health and disease and food sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa B Caffrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Justin L Sonnenburg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA; Center for Human Microbiome Studies, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Suzanne Devkota
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Human Microbiome Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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8
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Sanford JD, Goncalves MD. A waste product's unexpected role in wasting. Nat Metab 2024; 6:608-609. [PMID: 38499762 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack D Sanford
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Lafuente JL, González S, Aibar C, Rivera D, Avilés E, Beunza JJ. Continuous and Non-Invasive Lactate Monitoring Techniques in Critical Care Patients. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:148. [PMID: 38534255 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Lactate, once merely regarded as an indicator of tissue hypoxia and muscular fatigue, has now gained prominence as a pivotal biomarker across various medical disciplines. Recent research has unveiled its critical role as a high-value prognostic marker in critical care medicine. The current practice of lactate detection involves periodic blood sampling. This approach is invasive and confined to measurements at six-hour intervals, leading to resource expenditure, time consumption, and patient discomfort. This review addresses non-invasive sensors that enable continuous monitoring of lactate in critical care patients. After the introduction, it discusses the iontophoresis system, followed by a description of the structural materials that are universally employed to create an interface between the integumentary system and the sensor. Subsequently, each method is detailed according to its physical principle, outlining its advantages, limitations, and pertinent aspects. The study concludes with a discussion and conclusions, aiming at the design of an intelligent sensor (Internet of Medical Things or IoMT) to facilitate continuous lactate monitoring and enhance the clinical decision-making support system in critical care medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose-Luis Lafuente
- IASalud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Engineering Department, School of Architecture, Engineering & Design, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Samuel González
- IASalud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario HLA Moncloa, 28008 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Aibar
- IASalud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Engineering Department, School of Architecture, Engineering & Design, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Desirée Rivera
- IASalud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Engineering Department, School of Architecture, Engineering & Design, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Avilés
- IASalud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Engineering Department, School of Architecture, Engineering & Design, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan-Jose Beunza
- IASalud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Research and Doctorate School, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Health and Sports, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Zhu L, Lin Z, Wang K, Gu J, Chen X, Chen R, Wang L, Cheng X. A lactate metabolism-related signature predicting patient prognosis and immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1372413. [PMID: 38529390 PMCID: PMC10961354 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1372413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ovarian cancer (OV) is a highly lethal gynecological malignancy with a poor prognosis. Lactate metabolism is crucial for tumor cell survival, proliferation, and immune evasion. Our study aims to investigate the role of lactate metabolism-related genes (LMRGs) in OV and their potential as biomarkers for prognosis, immune microenvironment, and immunotherapy response. Methods Ovarian samples were collected from the TCGA cohort. And 12 lactate-related pathways were identified from the MsigDB database. Differentially expressed genes within these pathways were designated as LMRGs, which undergo unsupervised clustering to identify distinct clusters based on LMRGs. Subsequently, we assessed survival outcomes, immune cell infiltration levels, Hallmaker pathway activation patterns, and chemotaxis among different subtypes. After conducting additional unsupervised clustering based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs), significant differences in the expression of LMRGs between the two clusters were observed. The differentially expressed genes were subjected to subsequent functional enrichment analysis. Furthermore, we construct a model incorporating LMRGs. Subsequently, the lactate score for each tumor sample was calculated based on this model, facilitating the classification of samples into high and low groups according to their respective lactate scores. Distinct groups examined disparities in survival prognosis, copy number variation (CNV), single nucleotide variation (SNV), and immune infiltration. The lactate score served as a quantitative measure of OV's lactate metabolism pattern and an independent prognostic factor. Results This study investigated the potential role of LMRGs in tumor microenvironment diversity and prognosis in OV, suggesting that LMRGs play a crucial role in OV progression and the tumor microenvironment, thus serving as novel indicators for prognosis, immune microenvironment status, and response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhua Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoqun Lin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jiaxin Gu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruizhe Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingfang Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Wu D, Zhang K, Khan FA, Pandupuspitasari NS, Guan K, Sun F, Huang C. A comprehensive review on signaling attributes of serine and serine metabolism in health and disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129607. [PMID: 38253153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Serine is a metabolite with ever-expanding metabolic and non-metabolic signaling attributes. By providing one‑carbon units for macromolecule biosynthesis and functional modifications, serine and serine metabolism largely impinge on cellular survival and function. Cancer cells frequently have a preference for serine metabolic reprogramming to create a conducive metabolic state for survival and aggressiveness, making intervention of cancer-associated rewiring of serine metabolism a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Beyond providing methyl donors for methylation in modulation of innate immunity, serine metabolism generates formyl donors for mitochondrial tRNA formylation which is required for mitochondrial function. Interestingly, fully developed neurons lack the machinery for serine biosynthesis and rely heavily on astrocytic l-serine for production of d-serine to shape synaptic plasticity. Here, we recapitulate recent discoveries that address the medical significance of serine and serine metabolism in malignancies, mitochondrial-associated disorders, and neurodegenerative pathologies. Metabolic control and epigenetic- and posttranslational regulation of serine metabolism are also discussed. Given the metabolic similarities between cancer cells, neurons and germ cells, we further propose the relevance of serine metabolism in testicular homeostasis. Our work provides valuable hints for future investigations that will lead to a deeper understanding of serine and serine metabolism in cellular physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Kejia Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Faheem Ahmed Khan
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta Pusat 10340, Indonesia
| | | | - Kaifeng Guan
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Chunjie Huang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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12
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Zheng D, Chen W, Chen T, Chen X, Liang J, Chen H, Shen H, Deng L, Ruan H, Cui W. Hydrogen Ion Capturing Hydrogel Microspheres for Reversing Inflammaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306105. [PMID: 37699155 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Inflammaging is deeply involved in aging-related diseases and can be destructive during aging. The maintenance of pH balance in the extracellular microenvironment can alleviate inflammaging and repair aging-related tissue damage. In this study, the hydrogen ion capturing hydrogel microsphere (GMNP) composed of mineralized transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and catalase (CAT) nanoparticles is developed via biomimetic mineralization and microfluidic technology for blocking the NLRP3 cascade axis in inflammaging. This GMNP can neutralize the acidic microenvironment by capturing excess hydrogen ions through the calcium carbonate mineralization layer. Then, the subsequent release of encapsulated TGF-β and CAT can eliminate both endogenous and exogenous stimulus of NLRP3, thus suppressing the excessive activation of inflammaging. In vitro, GMNP can suppress the excessive activation of the TXNIP/NLRP3/IL-1β cascade axis and enhance extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in nucleus pulposus cells. In vivo, GMNP becomes a sustainable and stable niche with microspheres as the core to inhibit inflammaging and promote the regeneration of degenerated intervertebral discs. Therefore, this hydrogen ion-capturing hydrogel microsphere effectively reverses inflammaging by interfering with the excessive activation of NLRP3 in the degenerated tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Xinquan Road No.29, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Tongtong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyuan Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Hongxing Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Huitong Ruan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
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13
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Yang T, Wang Z, Li J, Shan F, Huang QY. Cerebral Lactate Participates in Hypoxia-induced Anapyrexia Through its Receptor G Protein-coupled Receptor 81. Neuroscience 2024; 536:119-130. [PMID: 37979840 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced anapyrexia is thought to be a regulated decrease in body core temperature (Tcore), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Recent evidence suggests that lactate, a glycolysis product, could modulate neuronal excitability through the G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81). The present study aims to elucidate the role of central lactate and GPR81 in a rat model of hypoxia-induced anapyrexia. The findings revealed that hypoxia (11.1% O2, 2 h) led to an increase in lactate in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and a decrease in Tcore. Injection of dichloroacetate (DCA, 5 mg/kg, 1 μL), a lactate production inhibitor, to the third ventricle (3 V), alleviated the increase in CSF lactate and the decrease in Tcore under hypoxia. Immunofluorescence staining showed GPR81 was expressed in the preoptic area of hypothalamus (PO/AH), the physiological thermoregulation integration center. Under normoxia, injection of GPR81 agonist 3-chloro-5-hydroxybenzoic acid (CHBA, 0.05 mg/kg, 1 μL) to the 3 V, reduced Tcore significantly. In addition, hypoxia led to a dramatic increase in tail skin temperature and a decrease in interscapular brown adipose tissue skin temperature. The number of c-Fos+ cells in the PO/AH increased after exposure to 11.1% O2 for 2 h, but administration of DCA to the 3 V blunted this response. Injection of CHBA to the 3 V also increased the number of c-Fos+ cells in the PO/AH under normoxia. In light of these, our research has uncovered the pivotal role of central lactate-GPR81 signaling in anapyrexia, thereby providing novel insights into the mechanism of hypoxia-induced anapyrexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yang
- Department of Frigid Zone Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zejun Wang
- Department of Frigid Zone Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Traumatic Shock and Transfusion, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Fabo Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Army Occupational Disease, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Qing-Yuan Huang
- Department of Frigid Zone Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Chongqing 400038, China.
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14
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Wu D, Khan FA, Zhang K, Pandupuspitasari NS, Negara W, Guan K, Sun F, Huang C. Retinoic acid signaling in development and differentiation commitment and its regulatory topology. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110773. [PMID: 37977248 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), the derivative of vitamin A/retinol, is a signaling molecule with important implications in health and disease. It is a well-known developmental morphogen that functions mainly through the transcriptional activity of nuclear RA receptors (RARs) and, uncommonly, through other nuclear receptors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Intracellular RA is under spatiotemporally fine-tuned regulation by synthesis and degradation processes catalyzed by retinaldehyde dehydrogenases and P450 family enzymes, respectively. In addition to dictating the transcription architecture, RA also impinges on cell functioning through non-genomic mechanisms independent of RAR transcriptional activity. Although RA-based differentiation therapy has achieved impressive success in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, RA also has pro-tumor activity. Here, we highlight the relevance of RA signaling in cell-fate determination, neurogenesis, visual function, inflammatory responses and gametogenesis commitment. Genetic and post-translational modifications of RAR are also discussed. A better understanding of RA signaling will foster the development of precision medicine to improve the defects caused by deregulated RA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Faheem Ahmed Khan
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta Pusat, 10340, Indonesia
| | - Kejia Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | | | - Windu Negara
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta Pusat, 10340, Indonesia
| | - Kaifeng Guan
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Chunjie Huang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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15
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Wang P, Xie D, Xiao T, Cheng C, Wang D, Sun J, Wu M, Yang Y, Zhang A, Liu Q. H3K18 lactylation promotes the progression of arsenite-related idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis via YTHDF1/m6A/NREP. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132582. [PMID: 37742376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
As epigenetic modifications, lactylation and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) have attracted wide attention. Arsenite is an environmental pollutant that has been proven to induce idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the molecular mechanisms of lactylation and m6A methylation are unclear in arsenite-related IPF (As-IPF). In view of the limited understanding of molecular mechanism of m6A and lactylation in As-IPF, MeRIP-seq, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq were analyzed to verify the target gene regulated by m6A and H3K18 lactylation (H3K18la). We found that, for As-IPF, the global levels of m6A, levels of YTHDF1 and m6A-modified neuronal protein 3.1 (NREP) were elevated in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). The secretion levels of TGF-β1 were increased via YTHDF1/m6A/NREP, which promoted the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT). Further, extracellular lactate from myofibroblasts elevated levels of the global lactylation (Kla) and H3K18la via the lactate monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), and, in AECs, H3K18la facilitated the transcription of Ythdf1. This report highlights the role of crosstalk between AECs and myofibroblasts via lactylation and m6A and the significance of H3K18la regulation of YTHDF1 in the progression of As-IPF, which may be useful for finding effective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Wang
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Daxiao Xie
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tian Xiao
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Jing Sun
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Meng Wu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Center for Global Health, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Suzhou Institute of Public Health, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China.
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16
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Qu J, Li P, Sun Z. Histone lactylation regulates cancer progression by reshaping the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1284344. [PMID: 37965331 PMCID: PMC10641494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1284344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As a major product of glycolysis and a vital signaling molecule, many studies have reported the key role of lactate in tumor progression and cell fate determination. Lactylation is a newly discovered post-translational modification induced by lactate. On the one hand, lactylation introduced a new era of lactate metabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and on the other hand, it provided a key breakthrough point for elucidation of the interaction between tumor metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modification. Studies have shown that the lactylation of tumor cells, tumor stem cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in TME can participate in the development of cancer through downstream transcriptional regulation, and is a potential and promising tumor treatment target. This review summarized the discovery and effects of lactylation, as well as recent research on histone lactylation regulating cancer progression through reshaping TME. We also focused on new strategies to enhance anti-tumor effects via targeting lactylation. Finally, we discussed the limitations of existing studies and proposed new perspectives for future research in order to further explore lactylation targets. It may provide a new way and direction to improve tumor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxing Qu
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Peizhi Li
- The First People’s Hospital of Xinxiang City, The Fifth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhiheng Sun
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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17
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Tang Y, Wang YD, Wang YY, Liao ZZ, Xiao XH. Skeletal muscles and gut microbiota-derived metabolites: novel modulators of adipocyte thermogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1265175. [PMID: 37867516 PMCID: PMC10588486 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1265175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity occurs when overall energy intake surpasses energy expenditure. White adipose tissue is an energy storage site, whereas brown and beige adipose tissues catabolize stored energy to generate heat, which protects against obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Metabolites are substrates in metabolic reactions that act as signaling molecules, mediating communication between metabolic sites (i.e., adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and gut microbiota). Although the effects of metabolites from peripheral organs on adipose tissue have been extensively studied, their role in regulating adipocyte thermogenesis requires further investigation. Skeletal muscles and intestinal microorganisms are important metabolic sites in the body, and their metabolites play an important role in obesity. In this review, we consolidated the latest research on skeletal muscles and gut microbiota-derived metabolites that potentially promote adipocyte thermogenesis. Skeletal muscles can release lactate, kynurenic acid, inosine, and β-aminoisobutyric acid, whereas the gut secretes bile acids, butyrate, succinate, cinnabarinic acid, urolithin A, and asparagine. These metabolites function as signaling molecules by interacting with membrane receptors or controlling intracellular enzyme activity. The mechanisms underlying the reciprocal exchange of metabolites between the adipose tissue and other metabolic organs will be a focal point in future studies on obesity. Furthermore, understanding how metabolites regulate adipocyte thermogenesis will provide a basis for establishing new therapeutic targets for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Di Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe-Zhen Liao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xin-Hua Xiao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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18
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Wang Z, Hao D, Zhao S, Zhang Z, Zeng Z, Wang X. Lactate and Lactylation: Clinical Applications of Routine Carbon Source and Novel Modification in Human Diseases. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100641. [PMID: 37678638 PMCID: PMC10570128 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell metabolism generates numerous intermediate metabolites that could serve as feedback and feed-forward regulation substances for posttranslational modification. Lactate, a metabolic product of glycolysis, has recently been conceptualized to play a pleiotropic role in shaping cell identities through metabolic rewiring and epigenetic modifications. Lactate-derived carbons, sourced from glucose, mediate the crosstalk among glycolysis, lactate, and lactylation. Furthermore, the multiple metabolic fates of lactate make it an ideal substrate for metabolic imaging in clinical application. Several studies have identified the crucial role of protein lactylation in human diseases associated with cell fate determination, embryonic development, inflammation, neoplasm, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Herein, this review will focus on the metabolic fate of lactate-derived carbon to provide useful information for further research and therapeutic approaches in human diseases. We comprehensively discuss its role in reprogramming and modification during the regulation of glycolysis, the clinical translation prospects of the hyperpolarized lactate signal, lactyl modification in human diseases, and its application with other techniques and omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan Hao
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Shijiazhuang Zhongnongtongchuang (ZNTC) Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuiying Zhao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziyin Zhang
- Division of Information, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China; Konge Larsen ApS, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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Lobel GP, Jiang Y, Simon MC. Tumor microenvironmental nutrients, cellular responses, and cancer. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1015-1032. [PMID: 37703882 PMCID: PMC10528750 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the rapidly expanding field of tumor metabolism has enhanced our knowledge of the impact of nutrient availability on metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Apart from established roles in cancer cells themselves, various nutrients, metabolic enzymes, and stress responses are key to the activities of tumor microenvironmental immune, fibroblastic, endothelial, and other cell types that support malignant transformation. In this article, we review our current understanding of how nutrient availability affects metabolic pathways and responses in both cancer and "stromal" cells, by dissecting major examples and their regulation of cellular activity. Understanding the relationship of nutrient availability to cellular behaviors in the tumor ecosystem will broaden the horizon of exploiting novel therapeutic vulnerabilities in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham P Lobel
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yanqing Jiang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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20
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Wu D, Zhang K, Khan FA, Wu Q, Pandupuspitasari NS, Tang Y, Guan K, Sun F, Huang C. The emerging era of lactate: A rising star in cellular signaling and its regulatory mechanisms. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1067-1081. [PMID: 37566665 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Cellular metabolites are ancient molecules with pleiotropic implications in health and disease. Beyond their cognate roles, they have signaling functions as the ligands for specific receptors and the precursors for epigenetic or posttranslational modifications. Lactate has long been recognized as a metabolic waste and fatigue product mainly produced from glycolytic metabolism. Recent evidence however suggests lactate is an unique molecule with diverse signaling attributes in orchestration of numerous biological processes, including tumor immunity and neuronal survival. The copious metabolic and non-metabolic functions of lactate mediated by its bidirectional shuttle between cells or intracellular organelles lead to a phenotype called "lactormone." Importantly, the mechanisms of lactate signaling, via acting as a molecular sensor and a regulator of NAD+ metabolism and AMP-activated protein kinase signaling, and via the newly identified lactate-driven lactylation, have been discovered. Further, we include a brief discussion about the autocrine regulation of efferocytosis by lactate in Sertoli cells which favoraerobic glycolysis. By emphasizing a repertoire of the most recent discovered mechanisms of lactate signaling, this review will open tantalizing avenues for future investigations cracking the regulatory topology of lactate signaling covered in the veil of mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Medicine, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Kejia Zhang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Faheem Ahmed Khan
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Ministry of Research and Technology National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Qin Wu
- Jinan Second People's Hospital & The Ophthalmologic Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | | | - Yuan Tang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Kaifeng Guan
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Sun
- School of Medicine, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chunjie Huang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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21
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Andreucci E, Fioretto BS, Rosa I, Matucci-Cerinic M, Biagioni A, Romano E, Calorini L, Manetti M. Extracellular Lactic Acidosis of the Tumor Microenvironment Drives Adipocyte-to-Myofibroblast Transition Fueling the Generation of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060939. [PMID: 36980280 PMCID: PMC10046917 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acidosis characterizes the tumor microenvironment (TME) and is involved in the mechanisms leading to cancer progression and dissemination through the reprogramming of tumor and local host cells (e.g., endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells). Adipose tissue also represents a crucial component of the TME which is receiving increasing attention due to its pro-tumoral activity, however, to date, it is not known whether it could be affected by the acidic TME. Now, emerging evidence from chronic inflammatory and fibrotic diseases underlines that adipocytes may give rise to pathogenic myofibroblast-like cells through the adipocyte-to-myofibroblast transition (AMT). Thus, our study aimed to investigate whether extracellular acidosis could affect the AMT process, sustaining the acquisition by adipocytes of a cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like phenotype with a pro-tumoral activity. To this purpose, human subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells committed to adipocytes (acADSCs) were cultured under basal (pH 7.4) or lactic acidic (pH 6.7, 10 mM lactate) conditions, and AMT was evaluated with quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence analyses. We observed that lactic acidosis significantly impaired the expression of adipocytic markers while inducing myofibroblastic, pro-fibrotic, and pro-inflammatory phenotypes in acADSCs, which are characteristic of AMT reprogramming. Interestingly, the conditioned medium of lactic acidosis-exposed acADSC cultures was able to induce myofibroblastic activation in normal fibroblasts and sustain the proliferation, migration, invasion, and therapy resistance of breast cancer cells in vitro. This study reveals a previously unrecognized relationship between lactic acidosis and the generation of a new CAF-like cell subpopulation from adipocytic precursor cells sustaining tumor malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Bianca Saveria Fioretto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Irene Rosa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Biagioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Eloisa Romano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lido Calorini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Section of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Mirko Manetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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22
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Stacpoole PW, McCall CE. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: Life's essential, vulnerable and druggable energy homeostat. Mitochondrion 2023; 70:59-102. [PMID: 36863425 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Found in all organisms, pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes (PDC) are the keystones of prokaryotic and eukaryotic energy metabolism. In eukaryotic organisms these multi-component megacomplexes provide a crucial mechanistic link between cytoplasmic glycolysis and the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. As a consequence, PDCs also influence the metabolism of branched chain amino acids, lipids and, ultimately, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). PDC activity is an essential determinant of the metabolic and bioenergetic flexibility of metazoan organisms in adapting to changes in development, nutrient availability and various stresses that challenge maintenance of homeostasis. This canonical role of the PDC has been extensively probed over the past decades by multidisciplinary investigations into its causal association with diverse physiological and pathological conditions, the latter making the PDC an increasingly viable therapeutic target. Here we review the biology of the remarkable PDC and its emerging importance in the pathobiology and treatment of diverse congenital and acquired disorders of metabolic integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Stacpoole
- Department of Medicine (Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine and Translational Sciences, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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23
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Barbieri L, Veliça P, Gameiro PA, Cunha PP, Foskolou IP, Rullman E, Bargiela D, Johnson RS, Rundqvist H. Lactate exposure shapes the metabolic and transcriptomic profile of CD8+ T cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1101433. [PMID: 36923405 PMCID: PMC10008868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction CD8+ T cells infiltrate virtually every tissue to find and destroy infected or mutated cells. They often traverse varying oxygen levels and nutrient-deprived microenvironments. High glycolytic activity in local tissues can result in significant exposure of cytotoxic T cells to the lactate metabolite. Lactate has been known to act as an immunosuppressor, at least in part due to its association with tissue acidosis. Methods To dissect the role of the lactate anion, independently of pH, we performed phenotypical and metabolic assays, high-throughput RNA sequencing, and mass spectrometry, on primary cultures of murine or human CD8+ T cells exposed to high doses of pH-neutral sodium lactate. Results The lactate anion is well tolerated by CD8+ T cells in pH neutral conditions. We describe how lactate is taken up by activated CD8+ T cells and can displace glucose as a carbon source. Activation in the presence of sodium lactate significantly alters the CD8+ T cell transcriptome, including the expression key effector differentiation markers such as granzyme B and interferon-gamma. Discussion Our studies reveal novel metabolic features of lactate utilization by activated CD8+ T cells, and highlight the importance of lactate in shaping the differentiation and activity of cytotoxic T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Barbieri
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Pedro Veliça
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo A Gameiro
- RNA Networks Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro P Cunha
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Iosifina P Foskolou
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Rullman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Bargiela
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Randall S Johnson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helene Rundqvist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Szrejder M, Typiak M, Pikul P, Audzeyenka I, Rachubik P, Rogacka D, Narajczyk M, Piwkowska A. Role of L-lactate as an energy substrate in primary rat podocytes under physiological and glucose deprivation conditions. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151298. [PMID: 36805821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate has long been acknowledged to be a metabolic waste product, but it has more recently been found as a fuel energy source in mammalian cells. Podocytes are an important component of the glomerular filter, and their role in maintaining the structural integrity of this structure was established. These cells rely on a constant energy supply and reservoir. The utilization of alternative energy substrates to preserve energetic homeostasis is a subject of extensive research, and lactate appears to be one such candidate. Therefore, we investigated the role of lactate as an energy substrate and characterize the lactate transport system in cultured rat podocytes during sufficient and insufficient glucose supplies. The present study, for the first time, demonstrated the presence of lactate transporters in podocytes. Moreover, we observed modified the amount of these transporters in response to limited glucose availability and after l-lactate supplementation. Simultaneously, exposure to l-lactate preserved cell survival during insufficient glucose supply. Interestingly, during glucose deprivation, lactate exposure allowed the steady flow of glycolysis and prevented glycogen reserves depletion. Summarizing, podocytes utilize lactate as an energy substrate and possess a developed system that controls lactate homeostasis, suggesting that it plays an essential role in podocyte metabolism, especially during fluctuations of energy availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Szrejder
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marlena Typiak
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Gdańsk, Poland; University of Gdansk, Faculty of Biology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Pikul
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Irena Audzeyenka
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Gdańsk, Poland; University of Gdansk, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Patrycja Rachubik
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogacka
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Gdańsk, Poland; University of Gdansk, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Piwkowska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Gdańsk, Poland; University of Gdansk, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk, Poland
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25
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Menchikov LG, Shestov AA, Popov AV. Warburg Effect Revisited: Embodiment of Classical Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry. Current State and Prospects. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:S1-S20. [PMID: 37069111 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923140018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The Nobel Prize Winner (1931) Dr. Otto H. Warburg had established that the primary energy source of the cancer cell is aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect). He also postulated the hypothesis about "the prime cause of cancer", which is a matter of debate nowadays. Contrary to the hypothesis, his discovery was recognized entirely. However, the discovery had almost vanished in the heat of battle about the hypothesis. The prime cause of cancer is essential for the prevention and diagnosis, yet the effects that influence tumor growth are more important for cancer treatment. Due to the Warburg effect, a large amount of data has been accumulated on biochemical changes in the cell and the organism as a whole. Due to the Warburg effect, the recovery of normal biochemistry and oxygen respiration and the restoration of the work of mitochondria of cancer cells can inhibit tumor growth and lead to remission. Here, we review the current knowledge on the inhibition of abnormal glycolysis, neutralization of its consequences, and normalization of biochemical parameters, as well as recovery of oxygen respiration of a cancer cell and mitochondrial function from the point of view of classical biochemistry and organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid G Menchikov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A Shestov
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anatoliy V Popov
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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26
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Kocianova E, Piatrikova V, Golias T. Revisiting the Warburg Effect with Focus on Lactate. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246028. [PMID: 36551514 PMCID: PMC9776395 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rewired metabolism is acknowledged as one of the drivers of tumor growth. As a result, aerobic glycolysis, or the Warburg effect, is a feature of many cancers. Increased glucose uptake and glycolysis provide intermediates for anabolic reactions necessary for cancer cell proliferation while contributing sufficient energy. However, the accompanying increased lactate production, seemingly wasting glucose carbon, was originally explained only by the need to regenerate NAD+ for successive rounds of glycolysis by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) reaction in the cytosol. After the discovery of a mitochondrial LDH isoform, lactate oxidation entered the picture, and lactate was recognized as an important oxidative fuel. It has also been revealed that lactate serves a variety of signaling functions and helps cells adapt to the new environment. Here, we discuss recent findings on lactate metabolism and signaling in cancer while attempting to explain why the Warburg effect is adopted by cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kocianova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viktoria Piatrikova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tereza Golias
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
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27
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Therapeutic Drug-Induced Metabolic Reprogramming in Glioblastoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192956. [PMID: 36230918 PMCID: PMC9563867 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma WHO IV (GBM), the most common primary brain tumor in adults, is a heterogenous malignancy that displays a reprogrammed metabolism with various fuel sources at its disposal. Tumor cells primarily appear to consume glucose to entertain their anabolic and catabolic metabolism. While less effective for energy production, aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) is an effective means to drive biosynthesis of critical molecules required for relentless growth and resistance to cell death. Targeting the Warburg effect may be an effective venue for cancer treatment. However, past and recent evidence highlight that this approach may be limited in scope because GBM cells possess metabolic plasticity that allows them to harness other substrates, which include but are not limited to, fatty acids, amino acids, lactate, and acetate. Here, we review recent key findings in the literature that highlight that GBM cells substantially reprogram their metabolism upon therapy. These studies suggest that blocking glycolysis will yield a concomitant reactivation of oxidative energy pathways and most dominantly beta-oxidation of fatty acids.
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