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Jang Y, Young Kim T, Jeon S, Lim H, Lee J, Kim S, Justin Lee C, Han S. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of saponin-based membrane fusion inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105985. [PMID: 35809512 PMCID: PMC9233891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We previously discovered that triterpenoid saponin platycodin D inhibits the SARS-CoV-2 entry to the host cell. Herein, we synthesized various saponin derivatives and established a structure-activity relationship of saponin-based antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2. We discovered that the C3-glucose, the C28-oligosaccharide moiety that consist of (→3)-β-d-Xyl-(1 → 4)-α-l-Rham-(1 → 2)-β-d-Ara-(1 → ) as the last three sugar units, and the C16-hydroxyl group were critical components of saponin-based coronavirus cell entry inhibitors. These findings enabled us to develop minimal saponin-based antiviral agents that are equipotent to the originally discovered platycodin D. We found that our saponin-based antiviral agents inhibited both the endosomal and transmembrane protease serine 2-mediated cell surface viral entries. Cell fusion assay experiment revealed that our newly developed compounds inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 entry by blocking the fusion between the viral and host cell membranes. The effectiveness of the newly developed antiviral agents over various SARS-CoV-2 variants hints at the broad-spectrum antiviral efficacy of saponin-based therapeutics against future coronavirus variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngho Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Tai Young Kim
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Cognitive Glioscience Group, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangeun Jeon
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonggeun Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - JinAh Lee
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungtaek Kim
- Zoonotic Virus Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - C. Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Cognitive Glioscience Group, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors
| | - Sunkyu Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
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2
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Krabicová I, Dolenský B, Řezanka M. Selectivity of 1- O-Propargyl-d-Mannose Preparations. Molecules 2022; 27:1483. [PMID: 35268584 PMCID: PMC8911549 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thanks to their ability to bind to specific biological receptors, mannosylated structures are examined in biomedical applications. One of the most common ways of linking a functional moiety to a structure is to use an azide-alkyne click reaction. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare and isolate a propargylated mannose derivative of high purity to maintain its bioactivity. Three known preparations of propargyl-α-mannopyranoside were revisited, and products were analysed by NMR spectroscopy. The preparations were shown to yield by-products that have not been described in the literature yet. Our experiments showed that one-step procedures could not provide pure propargyl-α-mannopyranoside, while a three-step procedure yielded the desired compound of high purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Krabicová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic;
| | - Bohumil Dolenský
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Michal Řezanka
- Department of Nanochemistry, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic
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3
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Dubey A, Tiwari A, Mandal PK. Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-Catalyzed Stereoselective C-Glycosylation of Indoles with Glycosyl Trichloroacetimidates: Access to 3-Indolyl-C-glycosides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8516-8526. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Dubey
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226 031, India
| | - Ashwani Tiwari
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226 031, India
| | - Pintu Kumar Mandal
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226 031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Honigfort DJ, Zhang MH, Verespy S, Godula K. Engineering of spectator glycocalyx structures to evaluate molecular interactions at crowded cellular boundaries. Faraday Discuss 2020; 219:138-153. [PMID: 31313786 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00024k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the mucosal epithelium, the cellular glycocalyx can project tens to hundreds of nanometers into the extracellular space, erecting a physical barrier that provides protective functions, mediates the exchange of nutrients and regulates cellular interactions. Little is understood about how the physical properties of the mucosal glycocalyx influence molecular recognition at the cellular boundary. Here, we report the synthesis of PEG-based glycopolymers with tunable glycan composition, which approximate the extended architecture of mucin glycoproteins, and tether them to the plasma membranes of red blood cells (RBC) to construct an artificial mucin brush-like glycocalyx. We evaluated the association of two lectins, ConA and SNA, with their endogenous glycan ligands on the surface of the remodelled cells. The extended glycocalyx provided protection against agglutination of RBCs by both lectins; however, the rate and magnitude of ConA binding were attenuated to a greater degree in the presence of the glycopolymer spectators compared to those measured for SNA. The different sensitivity of ConA and SNA to glycocalyx crowding likely arises from the distinct presentation of their mannoside and sialoside receptors, respectively, within the native RBC glycocalyx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Honigfort
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA.
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5
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Shiozaki Y, Sakurai S, Sakamoto R, Matsumoto A, Maruoka K. Iron-Catalyzed Radical Cleavage/C-C Bond Formation of Acetal-Derived Alkylsilyl Peroxides. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:573-576. [PMID: 32017369 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel radical-based approach for the iron-catalyzed selective cleavage of acetal-derived alkylsilyl peroxides, followed by the formation of a carbon-carbon bond is reported. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions and exhibits a broad substrate scope with respect to the acetal moiety and the carbon electrophile. Mechanistic studies suggest that the present reaction proceeds through a free-radical process involving carbon radicals generated by the homolytic cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond within the acetal moiety. A synthetic application of this method to sugar-derived alkylsilyl peroxides is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Shiozaki
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shunya Sakurai
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ryu Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Hussain H, Green IR, Saleem M, Khattak KF, Irshad M, Ali M. Cucurbitacins as Anticancer Agents: A Patent Review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 14:133-143. [PMID: 30451116 DOI: 10.2174/1574892813666181119123035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucurbitacins belong to a group of tetracyclic triterpenoids that display a wide range of biological effects. In the past, numerous cucurbitacins have been isolated from natural sources and many active compounds have been synthesized using the privileged scaffold in order to enhance its cytotoxic effects. OBJECTIVE This review covers patents on the therapeutic effects of natural cucurbitacins and their synthetic analogs published during the past decade. By far, the majority of patents published are related to cancer and Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) of these compounds are included to lend gravitas to this important class of natural products. METHODS The date about the published patents was downloaded via online open access patent databases. RESULTS Cucurbitacins display significant cytotoxic properties, in particular cucurbitacins B and D which possess very potent effects towards a number of cancer cells. Numerous cucurbitacins isolated from natural sources have been derivatized through chemical modification at the C(2)-OH and C(25)- OH groups. Most importantly, an acyl ester of the C(25)-OH and, iso-propyl, n-propyl and ethyl ether groups of the C(2)-OH demonstrated the most increased cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSION The significant cytotoxic effects of natural and semi-synthetic cucurbitacins make them attractive as new drug candidates. Moreover, cucurbitacins have the capability to form conjugates with other anticancer drugs which will synergistically enhance their anticancer effects. The authors believe that in order to get lead compounds, there should be a greater focus on the synthesis of homodimers, heterodimers, and halo derivatives of cucurbitacins. In the opinion of the authors the analysis of the published patents on the cucurbitacins indicates that these compounds can be developed into a regimen to treat a wide spectrum of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Hussain
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Salle), Germany
| | - Ivan R Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100 Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Irshad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Maroof Ali
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
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Scalabrini M, Hamon J, Linossier I, Ferrières V, Réhel K. Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance of monosaccharide-functionalized glass surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 183:110383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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8
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Halay E, Ay E, Şalva E, Ay K, Karayıldırım T. Synthesis of triazolylmethyl-linked nucleoside analogs via combination of azidofuranoses with propargylated nucleobases and study on their cytotoxicity. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-018-2248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Köksal Karayildirim Ç, Kotmakçi M, Halay E, Ay K, Başpinar Y. Formulation, characterization, cytotoxicity and Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity (Ames) studies of a novel 5-fluorouracil derivative. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:369-374. [PMID: 29556128 PMCID: PMC5856941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil is one of the first line drugs for the systemic therapy of solid tumors like breast, colorectal, oesophageal, stomach, pancreatic, head and neck. It could be shown that sugars can improve the absorption across cell membranes and can help to bypass some pharmacokinetic problems. Carbohydrates as most common organic molecules are an important issue of plant and animal metabolisms. They are non toxic and have important duties in the body like participating in DNA and RNA synthesis and being responsible for energy production. In addition, they have many hydroxyl, aldehyde and ketone groups that attract attention for synthesis as a potential drug derivative. 1,2,3,-Triazole compounds have also important role in heterocyclic chemistry because of their pharmaceutical properties and their high reactivity, which could be used as a building block for complex chemical compounds. In this study, following the “Click Reaction” of 5-FU and tetra-O-acetylglycose the 5-fluorouracil derivative 1-[{1′-(2″,3″,4″,6″-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glycopyronosyl)-1′H-1′,2′,3′-triazole-4′-yl} methyl]5-fluorouracil was synthesized. Following, a micellar formulation of 5-Fluorouracil derivative was prepared and characterized in terms of particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, refractive index and pH. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of the 5-fluorouracil derivative was investigated using an in vitro cell culture model and the AMES test. According to the results of this study, the novel 5-fluorouracil derivative could be a drug candidate for the therapy of cancer and needs further in vivo investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çinel Köksal Karayildirim
- Center for Drug Research & Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kotmakçi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Erkan Halay
- Scientific Analysis Technological Application and Research Center, Uşak University, 64200 Uşak, Turkey
| | - Kadir Ay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45140 Yunusemre, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Yücel Başpinar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
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Ding Y, Vara Prasad CVNS, Ding C, Wang B. Synthesis of carbohydrate conjugated 6A,6D-bifunctionalized β cyclodextrin derivatives as potential liver cancer drug carriers. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 181:957-963. [PMID: 29254060 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Galactosyl and lactosyl conjugated 6A,6D-bifunctionlized β cyclodextrin derivatives were designed and synthesized as the potential liver cancer drug carriers through SN2 replacement and click reactions in order to increase liver cancer drug's targeting ability, solubility and stability. The synthetic methods and strategies to obtain the designed compounds were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Ding
- Life Science Department, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, PR China.
| | | | - Charles Ding
- Piedmont Hill High School, San Jose, CA, 95132, USA
| | - Bingyun Wang
- Life Science Department, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, PR China
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11
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Jochyms Q, Guillot P, Mignard E, Vincent JM. A fluorosurfactant and photoreducible CuII-tren click catalyst: surfactant and catalytic properties at liquid/liquid interfaces. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:19700-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02039e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fluorous copper(ii)-tren complex2is a powerful surfactant which strongly reduces the perfluorodecalin/water and diisopropyl ether/water interface tensions. When photoreduced by light it catalyzes the Huisgen click cycloaddition.
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