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Bodin R, Seewooruttun C, Corona A, Delanaud S, Pelletier A, Villégier AS. Sex-dependent impact of perinatal 5G electromagnetic field exposure in the adolescent rat behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:113704-113717. [PMID: 37851267 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The fifth generation (5G) network is currently being worldwide spread out, raising questions about the potential impact of this new technology, particularly on immature organisms. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of daily 5G electromagnetic field (EMF) perinatal exposure on the neurodevelopment of rats. The exposure level was set to the limit of whole-body public exposure defined by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. The mother rat specific absorption rate (SAR) was 0.07 W/kg for 22 h/day at 3500 MHz continuous wave from gestational day (GD) 8 to post-natal day (PND) 21. Clinical observations were performed on weight, length, sex ratio, number of pups per litter, and number of stillborn in sham and EMF-exposed groups (n = 7). The age of pinna ear detachment, incisor eruption, and eye opening were recorded. Behavior was assessed on righting, gripping, and negative geotaxis reflexes at PND 3 or 7 and on stereotyped and horizontal movements in the open field at PND 43. Our results indicated that both male and female pups showed delayed incisor eruption in the EMF-exposed group compared to the sham group (+ 1 day). Regarding activity in the open field, adolescent females showed less stereotyped movements (- 70%), while adolescent males showed more stereotyped movements (+ 50%) compared to the sham-exposed adolescent rats. Thus, the present study suggested that perinatal exposure to 5G at SAR level below reglementary threshold led to perturbations in the descendants seen in juveniles and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Bodin
- PERITOX Laboratory (UMR_I 01), INERIS, MIV/TEAM, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | | | - Aurélie Corona
- University of Picardie Jules Verne, CURS, Amiens, France
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Abd Rabou MA. Effect of Bone Marrow Transplantation on the Fetal Skeleton of Maternally Irradiated Pregnant Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:207-218. [PMID: 33683050 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.207.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation can interfere with embryonic and fetal growth depending on the dose and gestational age. The present study was completed to evaluate the effect of transplanted bone marrow on the fetal skeleton of pregnant rats exposed to gamma radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental animals were separated into 5 groups: C group, R7 group, R7+BM group, R14 group and R14+BM group. All pregnant rats were sacrificed on day 20 days of gestation and the skeletal systems of the fetuses were examined and photographed. This study focused on skull, upper and lower jaw, occipital region, sacral and caudal region, fore and hind limbs. RESULTS Gamma rays caused any disturbance in the ossification process of the skull bones, upper and lower jaws, occipital bones, it caused the loss of some ossification centers in metacarpal bones, metatarsal bones but bone marrow transplantation greatly reduced the injury that happened because of γ-radiation. CONCLUSION This study showed that transplantation of bone marrow post-irradiation in pregnant rats could reduce the hazards of gamma-irradiation in the different regions of the fetal skeleton.
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Shi J, Lv ZT, Lei Y, Kang H. Maternal occupational exposure to chemicals in the textile factory during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of polydactyly in the offspring. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 33:3935-3941. [PMID: 30856359 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1593358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: The number of children with polydactyly seen in our clinic is increasing. In addition to genetic factors, an influence of environmental effects during pregnancy is becoming increasingly apparent; however, epidemiological data on these effects are lacking.Methods: This hospital-based, case-control study enrolled 143 patients with polydactyly and 286 control patients with no genetic diseases, to evaluate the association between maternal exposure to a textile factory environment during pregnancy and the likelihood of giving birth to a child with polydactyly.Results: Maternal exposure to a textile factory environment during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of giving birth to a child with polydactyly (exposure to textile factory environment: unadjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.75-6.27, p = .0002; work seniority of exposed occupation: unadjusted OR 1.28, 95% CI = 1.13-1.47, p = .0002). Covariate screening indicated that certain risk factors (family monthly income per capita, mother's emotional state during pregnancy, colporrhagia, passive smoking, smoking, and history of consanguineous marriage) were potential confounding factors. After adjusting for these variables, the OR of exposure to a textile factory environment remained significant (exposure to textile factory environment: adjusted OR = 3.08, 95% CI = 1.32-7.19, p = .0094; work seniority of exposed occupation: adjusted OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.20-2.08, p = .0010). The risk of polydactyly increased with the number of years of employment.Conclusions: Maternal exposure to a textile factory environment appears to be a risk factor for polydactyly in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Lei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Alterations of Hematologic and Hematopoietic Parameters in Mice Exposed to Pulsed Electromagnetic Field. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:3628956. [PMID: 31019981 PMCID: PMC6451797 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3628956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on hematology and hematopoiesis might vary with different PEMF parameters. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of PEMF exposure at different pulses on hematologic and hematopoietic parameters in mice. Groups of male BALB/c mice were whole body exposed or were sham exposed (control) to PEMF at 100, 1000, and 10000 pulses. After PEMF exposure, blood samples and bone marrow cells of mice were collected for hematologic examinations, bone marrow nucleated cell counting, colony-forming units of granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) colony assay, and serum granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) assay. Compared with the control group, white blood cells (WBC) and lymphocytes (LYM) in the 100 and 1000 pulses exposed groups were significantly increased but not changed in the 10000 pulses exposed group. Red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and platelets (PLT) were not changed in all exposed groups. There was no significant difference in mouse bone marrow nucleated cell number between the control group and each exposed group 7 days after PEMF exposure. The CFU-GM clone number of bone marrow cells and serum GM-CSF level were significantly increased in the 100 and 1000 pulses exposed group but not changed in the 10000 pulses exposed group. Our results indicated that the PEMF exposure at fewer pulses may induce statistically significant alterations in some hematologic and hematopoietic parameters of mice but no changes can be found in the more pulses PEMF-exposed groups.
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Yang MJ, Lang HY, Miao X, Liu HQ, Zhang YJ, Wang YF, Chen YB, Liu JY, Zeng LH, Guo GZ. Effects of paternal electromagnetic pulse exposure on the reproductive endocrine function of male offspring: a pilot study. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:1120-1127. [PMID: 30510681 PMCID: PMC6220719 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies indicate that parental exposure to an electromagnetic field (EMF) can cause long-term toxicity to the health of the offspring. While concerns have been focused on maternal influence, much less is known regarding the effects of paternal factors. Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) is a special and widely used type of EMF. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of paternal EMP exposure on the reproductive endocrine function of the male rat offspring. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly exposed to EMP at 200 kV m-1 for 0, 100 or 400 pulses before mating. The adult male offspring were sacrificed and the structural changes of testes, levels of serum steroid hormones, sperm characteristics, reproductive behaviors, content of the reproductive endocrine-related neurotransmitter GABA and expression of the GABAA receptor were analyzed. The results showed that paternal exposure induced a decrease of testosterone (T), sperm quantity and acrosin activity in the male offspring (p < 0.05). It did not show significant changes in the structure of testes, sperm deformity frequency and reproductive behaviors compared with the sham-exposed group. The content of GABA and the protein and mRNA expression of the hypothalamic GABAA receptor protein increased in the EMP exposure group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study shows that under these experimental conditions EMP had a certain degree of influence on the reproductive endocrine function of the male rat offspring, and the hypothalamic GABAA receptor may be involved in the reproductive toxicity of the male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Juan Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
- Center for Infectious Disease Control , Institute of Disease Control and Prevention , PLA , Beijing , China
| | - Hai-Yang Lang
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
| | - Xia Miao
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
| | - Hai-Qiang Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
| | - Yan-Jun Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
| | - Ya-Feng Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
| | - Yong-Bin Chen
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
| | - Jun-Ye Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
| | - Li-Hua Zeng
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
| | - Guo-Zhen Guo
- Department of Radiation Medicine , Faculty of Preventive Medicine , The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China . ; ; ; ; Tel: +86-29-84774873
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Li JH, Jiang DP, Wang YF, Yan JJ, Guo QY, Miao X, Lang HY, Xu SL, Liu JY, Guo GZ. Influence of electromagnetic pulse on the offspring sex ratio of male BALB/c mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 54:155-161. [PMID: 28735146 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Public concern is growing about the exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and its effect on male reproductive health. Detrimental effect of EMF exposure on sex hormones, reproductive performance and sex-ratio was reported. The present study was designed to clarify whether paternal exposure to electromagnetic pulse (EMP) affects offspring sex ratio in mice. 50 male BALB/c mice aged 5-6 weeks were exposed to EMP daily for 2 weeks before mated with non-exposed females at 0d, 7d, 14d, 21d and 28d after exposure. Sex hormones including total testosterone, LH, FSH, and GnRH were detected using radioimmunoassay. The sex ratio was examined by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results of D0, D21 and D28 showed significant increases compared with sham-exposed groups. The serum testosterone increased significantly in D0, D14, D21, and D28 compared with sham-exposed groups (p<0.05). Overall, this study suggested that EMP exposure may lead to the disturbance of reproductive hormone levels and affect the offspring sex ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Li
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Da-Peng Jiang
- Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, 100071,China
| | - Ya-Feng Wang
- Navy Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 101113, China
| | - Jia-Jia Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Qi-Yan Guo
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Xia Miao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Hai-Yang Lang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Sheng-Long Xu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jun-Ye Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Guo-Zhen Guo
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
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Othman H, Ammari M, Rtibi K, Bensaid N, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H. Postnatal development and behavior effects of in-utero exposure of rats to radiofrequency waves emitted from conventional WiFi devices. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 52:239-247. [PMID: 28458069 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present work investigated the effects of prenatal exposure to radiofrequency waves of conventional WiFi devices on postnatal development and behavior of rat offspring. Ten Wistar albino pregnant rats were randomly assigned to two groups (n=5). The experimental group was exposed to a 2.45GHz WiFi signal for 2h a day throughout gestation period. Control females were subjected to the same conditions as treated group without applying WiFi radiations. After delivery, the offspring was tested for physical and neurodevelopment during its 17 postnatal days (PND), then for anxiety (PND 28) and motricity (PND 40-43), as well as for cerebral oxidative stress response and cholinesterase activity in brain and serum (PND 28 and 43). Our main results showed that the in-utero WiFi exposure impaired offspring neurodevelopment during the first seventeen postnatal days without altering emotional and motor behavior at adult age. Besides, prenatal WiFi exposure induced cerebral oxidative stress imbalance (increase in malondialdehyde level (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels and decrease in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities) at 28 but not 43days old, also the exposure affected acethylcolinesterase activity at both cerebral and seric levels. Thus, the current study revealed that maternal exposure to WiFi radiofrequencies led to various adverse neurological effects in the offspring by affecting neurodevelopment, cerebral stress equilibrium and cholinesterase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa Othman
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ammari
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia; University of Tunis El Manar, Higher Institute of Applied Biological Sciences of Tunis, 9, Rue Zouhair Essafi, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Kaïs Rtibi
- University of Jendouba, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Laboratory of Nutrition and Animal Physiology, B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Noura Bensaid
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Hafedh Abdelmelek
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia
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Alchalabi AS, Aklilu E, Aziz AR, Malek F, Ronald S, Khan MA. Different periods of intrauterine exposure to electromagnetic field: Influence on female rats' fertility, prenatal and postnatal development. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjr.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Langlois PH, Lee M, Lupo PJ, Rahbar MH, Cortez RK. Residential radon and birth defects: A population-based assessment. BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH. PART A, CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY 2016; 106:5-15. [PMID: 25846606 PMCID: PMC4595158 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations have been reported between maternal radiation exposure and birth defects. No such studies were found on radon. Our objective was to determine if there is an association between living in areas with higher radon levels and birth defects. METHODS The Texas Birth Defects Registry provided data on all birth defects from 1999 to 2009 from the entire state. Mean radon levels by geologic region came from the Texas Indoor Radon Survey. The association between radon and birth defects was estimated using multilevel mixed effect Poisson regression. RESULTS Birth defects overall were not associated with residential radon levels. Of the 100 other birth defect groups with at least 500 cases, 14 were significantly elevated in areas with high mean radon level in crude analyses, and 9 after adjustment for confounders. Cleft lip with/without cleft palate had an adjusted prevalence ratio of 1.16 per 1 picoCurie/liter (pCi/L) increase in exposure to region mean radon, 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.26. Cystic hygroma / lymphangioma had an adjusted prevalence ratio of 1.22 per 1 pCi/L increase, 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.46. Other associations were suggested but not as consistent: three skeletal defects, Down syndrome, other specified anomalies of the brain, and other specified anomalies of the bladder and urethra. CONCLUSION In the first study of residential radon and birth defects, we found associations with cleft lip w/wo cleft palate and cystic hygroma / lymphangioma. Other associations were suggested. The ecological nature of this study and multiple comparisons suggest that our results be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Langlois
- Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas
| | - MinJae Lee
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, and Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mohammad H Rahbar
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, and Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Ruben K Cortez
- Radiation Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas
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Effects of pulsed electromagnetic field on differentiation of HUES-17 human embryonic stem cell line. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:14180-90. [PMID: 25196518 PMCID: PMC4159845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150814180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic fields are considered to potentially affect embryonic development, but the mechanism is still unknown. In this study, human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line HUES-17 was applied to explore the mechanism of exposure on embryonic development to pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) for 400 pulses at different electric field intensities and the differentiation of HUES-17 cells was observed after PEMF exposure. The expression of alkaline phosphatase (AP), stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 (SSEA-3), SSEA-4 and the mRNA level and protein level of Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog in HUES-17 cells remained unchanged after PEMF exposure at the electric field intensities of 50, 100, 200 or 400 kV/m. Four hundred pulses PEMF exposure at the electric field intensities of 50, 100, 200 or 400 kV/m did not affect the differentiation of HUES-17 cells. The reason why electromagnetic fields affect embryonic development may be due to other mechanisms rather than affecting the differentiation of embryonic stem cells.
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Li K, Ma S, Ren D, Li Y, Ding G, Liu J, Guo Y, Guo G. Effects of electromagnetic pulse on serum element levels in rat. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 158:81-6. [PMID: 24497087 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9903-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) was a potentially harmful factor to the human body, and a biological dosimetry to evaluate effects of EMP is necessary. Little is known about effects of EMP on concentration of macro and trace elements in serum so far. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 50-kV/m EMP-exposed group (n = 10), 100-kV/m EMP-exposed group (n = 10), 200-kV/m EMP-exposed group (n = 40), and the sham-exposed group (n = 20). The macro and trace element concentrations in serum were examined at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after EMP exposure at different electric field intensities. Compared with the sham-exposed groups, the concentration of sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), and manganese (Mn) in rat serum was not changed significantly within 48 h after 200 pulses of EMP exposure at electric field intensity of 50, 100, and 200 kV/m although the K level was decreased and the Ca level was increased with the electric field intensity of EMP increasing. In addition, there was a tendency that the Zn level was decreased with the time going on within 48 h after EMP exposure. Under our experimental conditions, EMP exposure cannot affect the concentration of macro and trace elements in rat serum. There was no time-effect or dose-effect relationship between EMP exposure and serum element levels. The macro and trace elements in serum are not suitable endpoints of biological dosimetry of EMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangchu Li
- Department of Radiation Medicine and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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