1
|
Sanna F, Mori N, Santoiemma G, Pozzebon A, Scaccini D, Marangoni F, Sella L. Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) as the major contributor to early olive drop in northern Italy. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 117:1336-1346. [PMID: 38870416 PMCID: PMC11318618 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, a new phenomenon of early olive drop is causing production losses in olive groves throughout northern Italy. To analyze the possible causes, field and laboratory trials were performed to assess the involvement of fungal pathogens and insect pests in this disease. External and internal symptoms of fungal infections or insect-feeding activities were researched. Fungi present in healthy and dislodged olives were investigated. The relationship between olives that fell and Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) infestation was assessed in a controlled infestation trial, and the effectiveness of an insecticidal strategy in reducing early olive drop was tested in open field conditions. A comparable number of fungi, mostly endophytes, were isolated and identified from both healthy and dislodged olives. The damage observed on dislodged olives was primarily ascribed to pentatomids feeding activity. Six stink bugs species were found in olive canopies, that is, the invasive H. halys, which was by far the most abundant, and Acrosternum heegeri Fieber, Nezara viridula (Linnaeus), Palomena prasina (Linnaeus), Piezodorus lituratus (Fabricious), and Rhaphigaster nebulosa (Poda). Halyomorpha halys caused intense fruit drop in the controlled infestation trial, and its infestation level significantly correlated with the number of olives that fell. Native stink bugs, present in much lower population compared to H. halys, could also partially contribute to early drop of olives. Insect proof net significantly reduced the early olive drop disease, while insecticide applications only partially reduced the stink bugs population density and, proportionally, early olive drop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sanna
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giacomo Santoiemma
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Pozzebon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Scaccini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Luca Sella
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry (TESAF), University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rondoni G, Mattioli E, Giannuzzi VA, Chierici E, Betti A, Natale G, Petacchi R, Famiani F, Natale A, Conti E. Evaluation of the effect of agroclimatic variables on the probability and timing of olive fruit fly attack. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1401669. [PMID: 39077508 PMCID: PMC11284310 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1401669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Agroclimatic variables may affect insect and plant phenology, with unpredictable effects on pest populations and crop losses. Bactrocera oleae Rossi (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a specific pest of Olea europaea plants that can cause annual economic losses of more than one billion US dollars in the Mediterranean region. In this study, we aimed at understanding the effect of olive tree phenology and other agroclimatic variables on B. oleae infestation dynamics in the Umbria region (Central Italy). Analyses were carried out on B. oleae infestation data collected in 79 olive groves during a 7-year period (from 2015 to 2021). In July-August, B. oleae infestation (1% attack) was negatively affected by altitude and spring mean daily temperatures and positively by higher winter mean daily temperatures and olive tree cumulative degree days. In September-October, infestation was negatively affected by a positive soil water balance and high spring temperatures. High altitude and cumulative plant degree days were related to delayed attacks. In contrast, high winter and spring temperatures accelerated them. Our results could be helpful for the development of predictive models and for increasing the reliability of decision support systems currently used in olive orchards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Rondoni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- TeamDev – Software, GIS and Web Engineering, Perugia, Italy
| | - Vito Antonio Giannuzzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elena Chierici
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Natale
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- O.P.O.O., Perugia, Italy
| | - Ruggero Petacchi
- Center of Plant Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Famiani
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Natale
- TeamDev – Software, GIS and Web Engineering, Perugia, Italy
| | - Eric Conti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Econdi S, Bisio C, Carniato F, Marchesi S, Paul G, Gargani E, Cutino I, Caselli A, Guidotti M. Aldehyde-containing clays: a sustainable approach against the olive tree pest, Bactrocera oleae. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9995-10006. [PMID: 38814123 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00705k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
A set of organic/inorganic layered materials was obtained by functionalizing a montmorillonite-containing bentonite natural clay with linear aliphatic C6 or C7 aldehydes through a cost-effective and technologically simple incipient-wetness deposition method. The solids were investigated by means of a multi-technique approach (X-ray powder diffraction, XRPD, scanning electron microscopy, SEM, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis, TGA, elemental analysis and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, ssNMR) to clarify the nature of the deposited organic species and the mode of interaction between the aldehyde and the clay. Since both natural clays and short-chain linear aldehydes find application as alternative strategies in the control of the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, the hybrid layered materials were tested under real-life conditions and their insect-inhibiting capability was evaluated in open-field trials on olive tree orchards in Tuscany, Central Italy. Specific tests were conducted to evaluate the resistance of the solids to weathering and their capability to provide a constant and long-lasting release of the bioactive ingredient. Aldehyde-containing bentonite clays have shown promising performance in controlling B. oleae infestation (with up to 86-95% reduction of affected olive fruits) in open-field trials across two years in two locations with different pedological and meteo-climatic characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Econdi
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bisio
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Fabio Carniato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Stefano Marchesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Geo Paul
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gargani
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'Economia Agraria CREA- Centro di ricerca Difesa e Certificazione DC, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cutino
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'Economia Agraria CREA- Centro di ricerca Difesa e Certificazione DC, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Caselli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Guidotti
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta", Via C. Golgi 19, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Peres F, Gouveia C, Vitorino C, Oliveira H, Ferreira-Dias S. How the "Olive Oil Polyphenols" Health Claim Depends on Anthracnose and Olive Fly on Fruits. Foods 2024; 13:1734. [PMID: 38890962 PMCID: PMC11172240 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Olive anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum fungi, and the olive fruit fly Bactrocera olea are, respectively, the most important fungal disease and pest affecting olive fruits worldwide, leading to detrimental effects on the yield and quality of fruits and olive oil. This study focuses on the content of hydroxytyrosol (HYT) and its derivatives (the "olive oil polyphenols" health claim) in olive oils extracted from fruits of 'Galega Vulgar' and 'Cobrançosa' cultivars, naturally affected by olive anthracnose and olive fly. The olives, with different damage levels, were harvested from organic rainfed orchards, located in the center of Portugal, at four harvest times over three years. Galega oils extracted from olives with a higher anthracnose and olive fly incidence showed no conformity for the extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and virgin olive oil (VOO) categories, presenting high acidity and negative sensory notes accompanied by the disappearance of oleacein. Conversely, no sensory defects were observed in Cobrançosa oils, regardless of disease and pest incidence levels, and quality criteria were still in accordance with the EVOO category. The total HYT and tyrosol (TYR) content (>5 mg/20 g) allows for the use of the "olive oil polyphenols" health claim on the label of all the analyzed Cobrançosa olive oils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Peres
- Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, 6000-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal; (F.P.); (C.G.); (C.V.)
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília Gouveia
- Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, 6000-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal; (F.P.); (C.G.); (C.V.)
| | - Conceição Vitorino
- Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, 6000-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal; (F.P.); (C.G.); (C.V.)
| | - Helena Oliveira
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Suzana Ferreira-Dias
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório de Estudos Técnicos, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kovaiou SK, Kokkari A, Floros G, Kantiranis N, Kouloussis NA, Filippidis AA, Koveos DS. Oviposition-Deterrent Effect of a High-Quality Natural Zeolite on the Olive Fruit Fly Bactrocera oleae, under Different Conditions of Temperature and Relative Humidity. INSECTS 2024; 15:256. [PMID: 38667386 PMCID: PMC11050132 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of available chemical pesticides has been dramatically reduced, urging the need for the discovery of alternatives to chemical pesticide products such as, among others, natural zeolites (zeolitic rocks). We determined the mineralogical and chemical composition of a specific and continuous layer of zeolitic rock sample (ZeotP) from Petrota, Evros, Greece, and evaluated its oviposition-deterrent effect on the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae Gmelin (Diptera: Terphritidae). The tested natural zeolite contained 70 wt. % clinoptilolite, 18 wt. % amorphous material, 7 wt. % feldspars, 4 wt. % cristobalite, and 1 wt. % quartz. We tested the oviposition-deterrent effect of ZeotP mixed or not with an emulsifier adjuvant, NU-FILM-P®, in water and applied it to the surface of olive fruits. The ZeotP oviposition-deterrent effect on the olive fly was very high under a series of tested temperatures (17 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C) and RHs (23%, 33%, 55%, 75%, and 94%). In addition, the ZeotP residual deterrent effect after equable water spraying was high, like the respective effect of the pyrethroid insecticide Decis® (deltamethrin). Our results may contribute to the effective control of the olive fruit fly using an alternative to chemical pesticides: natural zeolite (zeolitic rocks) products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soultana Kyriaki Kovaiou
- Laboratory of Mineralogy and Petrology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.K.K.); (N.K.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Anastasia Kokkari
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (G.F.); (N.A.K.)
| | - George Floros
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (G.F.); (N.A.K.)
| | - Nikolaos Kantiranis
- Laboratory of Mineralogy and Petrology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.K.K.); (N.K.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Nikos A. Kouloussis
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (G.F.); (N.A.K.)
| | - Anestis A. Filippidis
- Laboratory of Mineralogy and Petrology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.K.K.); (N.K.); (A.A.F.)
| | - Dimitrios S. Koveos
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (G.F.); (N.A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morrone L, Neri L, Facini O, Galamini G, Ferretti G, Rotondi A. Influence of Chabazite Zeolite Foliar Applications Used for Olive Fruit Fly Control on Volatile Organic Compound Emission, Photosynthesis, and Quality of Extra Virgin Olive Oil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:698. [PMID: 38475542 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae Rossi) is the most dangerous pest of olive fruits and negatively influences the chemical and sensory quality of the oil produced. Organic farms have few tools against this pest and are constantly looking for effective and sustainable products such as geomaterials, i.e., zeolite. Since a particle film covers the canopy, a study was carried out on the olive tree's responses to zeolite foliar coating. The tested treatments were natural zeolite (NZ), zeolite enriched with ammonium (EZ), and Spintor-Fly® (SF). EZ was associated with higher photosynthetic activity with respect to the other treatments, while no differences were found between SF and NZ. Foliar treatments affect the amount of BVOC produced in both leaves and olives, where 26 and 23 different BVOCs (biogenic volatile organic compounds) were identified but not the type of compounds emitted. Foliar treatment with EZ significantly affected fruit size, and the olive fruit fly more frequently attacked the olives, while treatment with NZ had olives with similar size and attack as those treated with Spintor-Fly®; no difference in oil quantity was detected. Oil produced from olives treated with NZ presented higher values of phenolic content and intensities of bitterness and spiciness than oils from those treated with EZ and SF. According to the results of this study, using zeolite films on an olive tree canopy does not negatively influence plant physiology; it has an impact on BVOC emission and the chemical and sensory characteristics of the oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Morrone
- Institute of BioEconomy, National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Neri
- Institute of BioEconomy, National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Osvaldo Facini
- Institute of BioEconomy, National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Galamini
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Street Giuseppe Campi, 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giacomo Ferretti
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Rotondi
- Institute of BioEconomy, National Research Council, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brkić Bubola K, Lukić I, Krapac M, Koprivnjak O. Exploring the Connection between the Occurrence and Intensity of "Grubby" Defect and Volatile Composition of Olive Oil. Foods 2023; 12:4473. [PMID: 38137278 PMCID: PMC10743142 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of the "grubby" sensory defect caused by olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi)) infestation and the resulting volatile composition, virgin olive oils were extracted from olives of the Leccino cultivar with 0%, 50%, and 100% olive fly infestations and subjected to analysis of the basic chemical quality parameters, fatty acids and volatiles, and sensory analysis by the Panel test. A 100% olive fly infestation reduced the basic chemical quality of the oil, while the fatty acid composition was not affected in any case. The overall sensory quality score and intensity of the positive sensory attributes decreased, while the intensity of the "grubby" defect increased proportionally to the degree of infestation. The occurrence and intensity of this defect were clearly causally related to the concentrations of 3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal, β-ocimene, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, dimethyl sulfoxide, 4-methyl-5H-furan-2-one, α-farnesene, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 1-octanol, E-2-nonen-1-ol, benzeneacetaldehyde, heptanal, and octanal, implying that the perception of "grubby" comes from their joint contribution to the overall olive oil flavour. In addition to contributing to the understanding of the chemical origin of "grubby", the results obtained could potentially be used to develop strategies to support sensory analysis in the classification of olive oil quality and the confirmation of the presence of this sensory defect in oil samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Brkić Bubola
- Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, Croatia; (I.L.); (M.K.)
| | - Igor Lukić
- Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, Croatia; (I.L.); (M.K.)
| | - Marin Krapac
- Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, Croatia; (I.L.); (M.K.)
| | - Olivera Koprivnjak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Daher E, Chierici E, Urbani S, Cinosi N, Rondoni G, Servili M, Famiani F, Conti E. Characterization of Olive Fruit Damage Induced by Invasive Halyomorpha halys. INSECTS 2023; 14:848. [PMID: 37999047 PMCID: PMC10671571 DOI: 10.3390/insects14110848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is an invasive species causing economic crop losses. This species was recently detected attacking olive fruits. The aim of this study was to characterize feeding damage. Olive samples were initially collected from a field where H. halys was reported to cause damage to olive fruits. Hence, we conducted a field trial on the Moraiolo variety using sleeve cages to test the effect of H. halys feeding pressure on olive fruit drop and evaluated the effect of feeding on fruit quality. We tested two densities of H. halys (two or eight adults/cage) at two different stages of olive development, pre- and post-pit hardening. High pressure of H. halys before pit hardening caused a significant fruit drop compared to the control. In addition, chemical analysis of damaged and infested fruits revealed higher levels of total phenols compared to healthy fruits. These findings indicate that feeding by H. halys induced a stress response in the plants that could translate in quality variations in the olive drupes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gabriele Rondoni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (E.D.); (E.C.); (S.U.); (N.C.); (M.S.); (F.F.); (E.C.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Balampekou EI, Koveos DS, Kapranas A, Menexes GC, Kouloussis NA. The Roles of Mating, Age, and Diet in Starvation Resistance in Bactrocera oleae (Olive Fruit Fly). INSECTS 2023; 14:841. [PMID: 37999040 PMCID: PMC10672083 DOI: 10.3390/insects14110841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae)), although a pest of major economic importance for the olive industry, has not been sufficiently studied with respect to the factors affecting its survival resistance to food deprivation. In the present study, we examined the effect of the interaction between mating status (virgin/mated), age class (11-20/21-30/31-40/41-50), and diet quality (protein plus sugar or only sugar) on starvation resistance in B. oleae under constant laboratory conditions. We conducted a total of 16 treatments (2 × 4 × 2 = 16) for each gender. Our results showed that starvation resistance in B. oleae did not differ significantly between females and males. The main conclusions of our study regarding mating status, age, and diet indicated that mated adults showed much less starvation resistance compared to virgins, younger adults endured longer, and the adults fed a restricted diet endured longer than those fed a full diet. A three-way interaction between mating status, diet, and age class was also identified and was the same for both genders. The interaction between mating status, age class, and diet also had a significant influence on starvation resistance in both sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nikos A. Kouloussis
- School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.I.B.); (D.S.K.); (A.K.); (G.C.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guo S, Liu B, He J, Zhao Z, Zhang R, Li Z. Chromosome-level genome assembly of an important wolfberry fruit fly (Neoceratitis asiatica Becker). Sci Data 2023; 10:675. [PMID: 37794161 PMCID: PMC10551018 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tephritidae pests are significant agricultural pests with a notable impact on the economy, with a wide range of species and most having broad host ranges and strong reproductive abilities. However, the wolfberry fruit fly, Neoceratitis asiatica (Becker), is a Tephritidae fly which only harms wolfberry. Here, we assembled and annotated N. asiatica genome at the chromosome level and compared it with the genomic and transcriptomic information from other Tephritidae flies. The assembled genome of N. asiatica had a size of 563.8 Mb and achieved a completeness level of 99.1%, 18,387 genes were annotated totally. All contigs were assembled into 7 linkage groups with an N50 of 93.166 Mb assisted by the Hi-C technique. The high-quality genome developed here will provide a significant resource for exploring the genetic basis of the adaptive and reproductive differences among various Tephritidae pests, and provides an important theoretical basis for the prevention and control of Tephritidae pests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaokun Guo
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jia He
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Academy of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Zihua Zhao
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Academy of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Veršić Bratinčević M, Bego A, Nižetić Kosović I, Jukić Špika M, Burul F, Popović M, Ninčević Runjić T, Vitanović E. A Lifetime of a Dispenser-Release Rates of Olive Fruit Fly-Associated Yeast Volatile Compounds and Their Influence on Olive Fruit Fly ( Bactrocera oleae Rossi) Attraction. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062431. [PMID: 36985404 PMCID: PMC10052186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the release rate, duration, and biological efficiency of yeast volatile compounds associated with olive fruit flies in slow-release dispensers, polypropylene vials, and rubber septa attached to yellow sticky traps under different environmental conditions in order to protect the environment, humans, and nontarget organisms. Isoamyl alcohol, 2-octanone, and 2-phenethyl acetate were placed in dispensers and tested over a four-week experiment. The weight loss of the volatile compounds in both dispensers was measured, and a rapid, inexpensive, and simple HS-GC/FID method was developed to determine the residual amount of volatiles in the septa. 2-Phenethyl acetate stood out in the rubber septa and showed a statistically significant difference in the release ratio compared to the other volatiles under all conditions tested. Our results showed that the attraction of olive fruit flies increased with decreasing concentrations of the tested volatiles. Regarding the number of flies attracted by rubber septa containing 2-phenethyl acetate, significantly better results were obtained than for septa containing isoamyl alcohol and 2-octanone, in contrast to the attraction of olive fruit flies to polypropylene vials containing these compounds but without significant difference. Since the presence of all tested chemicals was detected during the experiment, this opens the possibility of using more environmentally friendly and cost-effective dispensers with a significantly lower amount of semiochemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Veršić Bratinčević
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ana Bego
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Maja Jukić Špika
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv), Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Filipa Burul
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marijana Popović
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Tonka Ninčević Runjić
- Department of Plant Sciences, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Elda Vitanović
- Department of Applied Science, Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Impregnation of Synthetic Saponites with Aldehydes: A Green Approach in the Intercalation of Bioactive Principles. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic saponite clay was impregnated with either linear saturated or unsaturated aldehydes through an incipient-wetness deposition approach. To increase the aldehyde loading, saponite was also intercalated with positively charged cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) species, aiming to expand the clay gallery and to increase the hydrophobic character of the host solid. A multitechnique, physicochemical investigation was performed on the organic–inorganic hybrid solids. The analyses revealed that the aldehydes are mainly adsorbed on the clay particles’ surface, with a small fraction inside the interlayer space. In CTA+-modified saponites, the concentration of saturated aldehydes was higher than the one observed in the pure clay. These features are quite promising for the development of novel layered solids containing bioactive molecules for ecocompatible and economically sustainable applications, especially in agriculture, for the development of innovative hybrid materials for crop protection.
Collapse
|
13
|
Notario A, Sánchez R, Luaces P, Sanz C, Pérez AG. The Infestation of Olive Fruits by Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) Modifies the Expression of Key Genes in the Biosynthesis of Volatile and Phenolic Compounds and Alters the Composition of Virgin Olive Oil. Molecules 2022; 27:1650. [PMID: 35268754 PMCID: PMC8911628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bactrocera oleae, the olive fruit fly, is one of the most important pests affecting the olive fruit, causing serious quantitative and qualitative damage to olive oil production. In this study, the changes induced by B. oleae infestation in the biosynthesis of volatile and phenolic compounds in olive (cvs. Picual, Manzanilla, and Hojiblanca) have been analyzed. Despite cultivar differences, the oils obtained from infested fruits showed a significant increase in the content of certain volatile compounds such as (E)-hex-2-enal, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and β-ocimene and a drastic decrease of the phenolic contents. The impact of those changes on the inferred quality of the oils has been studied. In parallel, the changes induced by the attack of the olive fly on the expression of some key genes in the biosynthesis of volatile and phenolic compounds, such as lipoxygenase, β-glucosidase, and polyphenol oxidase, have been analyzed. The strong induction of a new olive polyphenol oxidase gene (OePPO2) explains the reduction of phenolic content in the oils obtained from infested fruits and suggest the existence of a PPO-mediated oxidative defense system in olives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana G. Pérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plant Products, Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus UPO, Ctra. Utrera km 1, Bldg. 46, 41013 Seville, Spain; (A.N.); (R.S.); (P.L.); (C.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nobre T. Olive fruit fly and its obligate symbiont Candidatus Erwinia dacicola: Two new symbiont haplotypes in the Mediterranean basin. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256284. [PMID: 34495983 PMCID: PMC8425570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The olive fruit fly, specialized to become monophagous during several life stages, remains the most important olive tree pest with high direct production losses, but also affecting the quality, composition, and inherent properties of the olives. Thought to have originated in Africa is nowadays present wherever olive groves are grown. The olive fruit fly evolved to harbor a vertically transmitted and obligate bacterial symbiont -Candidatus Erwinia dacicola- leading thus to a tight evolutionary history between olive tree, fruit fly and obligate, vertical transmitted symbiotic bacterium. Considering this linkage, the genetic diversity (at a 16S fragment) of this obligate symbiont was added in the understanding of the distribution pattern of the holobiont at nine locations throughout four countries in the Mediterranean Basin. This was complemented with mitochondrial (four mtDNA fragments) and nuclear (ten microsatellites) data of the host. We focused on the previously established Iberian cluster for the B. oleae structure and hypothesised that the Tunisian samples would fall into a differentiated cluster. From the host point of view, we were unable to confirm this hypothesis. Looking at the symbiont, however, two new 16S haplotypes were found exclusively in the populations from Tunisia. This finding is discussed in the frame of host-symbiont specificity and transmission mode. To understand olive fruit fly population diversity and dispersion, the dynamics of the symbiont also needs to be taken into consideration, as it enables the fly to, so efficiently and uniquely, exploit the olive fruit resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Nobre
- MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Évora, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Caselli A, Petacchi R. Climate Change and Major Pests of Mediterranean Olive Orchards: Are We Ready to Face the Global Heating? INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12090802. [PMID: 34564243 PMCID: PMC8472548 DOI: 10.3390/insects12090802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The phenomenon of climate change affects the entire world, especially the most vulnerable areas such as the Mediterranean. Since the olive growing is one of the main economic sources for the Mediterranean countries, investigations on olive pests under global heating are necessary. Nowadays, knowledge on the topic is scarce, and nothing is known about the effects of climate change on olive pest parasitoids and predators. This information could be fundamental to understand the phenomena of pest outbreaks that are spreading in the Mediterranean olive orchards. The use of prevention tools (e.g., monitoring, prediction models) may help in controlling olive pests under a climate change scenario. Abstract Evidence of the impact of climate change on natural and agroecosystems is nowadays established worldwide, especially in the Mediterranean Basin, an area known to be very susceptible to heatwaves and drought. Olea europaea is one of the main income sources for the Mediterranean agroeconomy, and it is considered a sensitive indicator of the climate change degree because of the tight relationship between its biology and temperature trend. Despite the economic importance of the olive, few studies are nowadays available concerning the consequences that global heating may have on its major pests. Among the climatic parameters, temperature is the key one influencing the relation between the olive tree and its most threatening parasites, including Bactrocera oleae and Prays oleae. Therefore, several prediction models are based on this climatic parameter (e.g., cumulative degree day models). Even if the use of models could be a promising tool to improve pest control strategies and to safeguard the Mediterranean olive patrimony, they are not currently available for most O. europaea pests, and they have to be used considering their limits. This work stresses the lack of knowledge about the biology and the ethology of olive pests under a climate change scenario, inviting the scientific community to focus on the topic.
Collapse
|
16
|
Cuticular modified air sacs underlie white coloration in the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae. Commun Biol 2021; 4:881. [PMID: 34272466 PMCID: PMC8285419 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, the ultrastructure and development of the white patches on thorax and head of Bactrocera oleae are analysed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence microscopy. Based on these analyses and measurements of patch reflectance spectra, we infer that white patches are due to modified air sacs under transparent cuticle. These air sacs show internal arborisations with beads in an empty space, constituting a three-dimensional photonic solid responsible for light scattering. The white patches also show UV-induced blue autofluorescence due to the air sac resilin content. To the best of our knowledge, this research describes a specialized function for air sacs and the first observation of structural color produced by tracheal structures located under transparent cuticles in insects. Sexual dimorphism in the spectral emission also lays a structural basis for further investigations on the biological role of white patches in B. oleae.
Collapse
|
17
|
Valenčič V, Butinar B, Podgornik M, Bučar-Miklavčič M. The Effect of Olive Fruit Fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) Infestation on Certain Chemical Parameters of Produced Olive Oils. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010095. [PMID: 33379293 PMCID: PMC7796415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Olives affected by active and damaging infestation (olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi)) were assayed for their chemical composition. Biophenols were determined by HPLC, sterols, triterpenic dialcohols, and fatty acids by gas chromatography analysis. The acquired data were statistically analyzed. Oils produced from “Istrska belica” fruit affected by active infestation compared to the oils made from fruit affected by damaging infestation showed higher amounts of total oleuropein biofenols (377.3 versus (vs.) 106.6 mg/kg), total biophenols (755 vs. 377 mg/kg), lignans (85.3 vs. 32.9 mg/kg), the dialdehydic form of decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycone (DMO-Agl-dA) (148.3 vs. 49.0 mg/kg), its oxidized form (DMO-Agl-dA)ox (35.2 vs. 8.5 mg/kg), the dialdehydic form of oleuropein aglycone (O-Agl-dA) (61.1 vs. 8.0 mg/kg), the dialdehydic form of ligstroside aglycone (L-Agl-dA) (63.5 vs. 28.0 mg/kg), the aldehydic form of oleuropein aglycone (O-Agl-A) (40.6 vs. 8.4 mg/kg), and lower amounts of tyrosol (Tyr) (6.0 vs. 13. 9 mg/kg) and the aldehydic form of ligstroside aglycone (L-Agl-A) (13.8 vs. 40.3 mg/kg). Higher values of stigmasterol (2.99%) and lower values of campesterol (2.25%) were determined in oils affected by damaging infestation; an increase in triterpenic dialcohols was also observed (3.04% for damaging and 1.62% for active infestation). Oils affected by damaging infestation, compared to active infestation, showed lower amounts of oleic acid (73.89 vs. 75.15%) and higher amounts of myristic (0.013 vs. 0.011%), linoleic (7.27 vs. 6.48%), and linolenic (0.74 vs. 0.61%) acids.
Collapse
|
18
|
Kolainis S, Koletti A, Lykogianni M, Karamanou D, Gkizi D, Tjamos SE, Paraskeuopoulos A, Aliferis KA. An integrated approach to improve plant protection against olive anthracnose caused by the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233916. [PMID: 32470037 PMCID: PMC7259717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is the most important oil-producing crop of the Mediterranean basin. However, although plant protection measures are regularly applied, disease outbreaks represent an obstacle towards the further development of the sector. Therefore, there is an urge for the improvement of plant protection strategies based on information acquired by the implementation of advanced methodologies. Recently, heavy fungal infections of olive fruits have been recorded in major olive-producing areas of Greece causing devastating yield losses. Thus, initially, we have undertaken the task to identify their causal agent(s) and assess their pathogenicity and sensitivity to fungicides. The disease was identified as the olive anthracnose, and although Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum acutatum species complexes are the two major causes, the obtained results confirmed that in Southern Greece the latter is the main causal agent. The obtained isolates were grouped into eight morphotypes based on their phenotypes, which differ in their sensitivities to fungicides and pathogenicity. The triazoles difenoconazole and tebuconazole were more toxic than the strobilurins being tested. Furthermore, a GC/EI/MS metabolomics model was developed for the robust chemotaxonomy of the isolates and the dissection of differences between their endo-metabolomes, which could explain the obtained phenotypes. The corresponding metabolites-biomarkers for the discrimination between morphotypes were discovered, with the most important ones being the amino acids L-tyrosine, L-phenylalanine, and L-proline, the disaccharide α,α-trehalose, and the phytotoxic pathogenesis-related metabolite hydroxyphenylacetate. These metabolites play important roles in fungal metabolism, pathogenesis, and stress responses. The study adds critical information that could be further exploited to combat olive anthracnose through its monitoring and the design of improved, customized plant protection strategies. Also, results suggest the necessity for the comprehensive mapping of the C. acutatum species complex morphotypes in order to avoid issues such as the development of fungicide-resistant genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Kolainis
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Koletti
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maira Lykogianni
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Biological Control of Pesticides, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Greece
| | - Dimitra Karamanou
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Danai Gkizi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios E. Tjamos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Paraskeuopoulos
- Directorate of Rural Economy and Veterinary of Trifilia, Prefecture of Peloponnese, Kyparissia, Greece
| | - Konstantinos A. Aliferis
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Plant Science, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rebora M, Salerno G, Piersanti S, Gorb E, Gorb S. Role of Fruit Epicuticular Waxes in Preventing Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) Attachment in Different Cultivars of Olea europaea. INSECTS 2020; 11:E189. [PMID: 32192070 PMCID: PMC7142657 DOI: 10.3390/insects11030189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the major pest of cultivated olives (Olea europaea L.), and a serious threat in all of the Mediterranean Region. In the present investigation, we demonstrated with traction force experiments that B. oleae female adhesion is reduced by epicuticular waxes (EWs) fruit surface, and that the olive fruit fly shows a different ability to attach to the ripe olive surface of different cultivars of O. europaea (Arbequina, Carolea, Dolce Agogia, Frantoio, Kalamata, Leccino, Manzanilla, Picholine, Nostrale di Rigali, Pendolino and San Felice) in terms of friction force and adhesion, in relation with different mean values of olive surface wettability. Cryo-scanning morphological investigation revealed that the EW present on the olive surface of the different analyzed cultivars are represented by irregular platelets varying in the orientation, thus contributing to affect the surface microroughness and wettability in the different cultivars, and consequently the olive fruit fly attachment. Further investigations to elucidate the role of EW in olive varietal resistance to the olive fruit fly in relation to the olive developmental stage and environmental conditions could be relevant to develop control methods alternative to the use of harmful pesticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Rebora
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (M.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Gianandrea Salerno
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvana Piersanti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06121 Perugia, Italy; (M.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Elena Gorb
- Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24098 Kiel, Germany; (E.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Stanislav Gorb
- Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24098 Kiel, Germany; (E.G.); (S.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nobre T. Symbiosis in Sustainable Agriculture: Can Olive Fruit Fly Bacterial Microbiome Be Useful in Pest Management? Microorganisms 2019; 7:E238. [PMID: 31382604 PMCID: PMC6723466 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7080238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The applied importance of symbiosis has been gaining recognition. The relevance of symbiosis has been increasing in agriculture, in developing sustainable practices, including pest management. Insect symbiotic microorganisms' taxonomical and functional diversity is high, and so is the potential of manipulation of these microbial partners in suppressing pest populations. These strategies, which rely on functional organisms inhabiting the insect, are intrinsically less susceptible to external environmental variations and hence likely to overcome some of the challenges posed by climate change. Rates of climate change in the Mediterranean Basin are expected to exceed global trends for most variables, and this warming will also affect olive production and impact the interactions of olives and their main pest, the obligate olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae). This work summarizes the current knowledge on olive fly symbiotic bacteria towards the potential development of symbiosis-based strategies for olive fruit fly control. Particular emphasis is given to Candidatus Erwinia dacicola, an obligate, vertically transmitted endosymbiont that allows the insect to cope with the olive-plant produced defensive compound oleuropein, as a most promising target for a symbiosis disruption approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Nobre
- Laboratory of Entomology, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, University of Évora, Apartado 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Malheiro R, Casal S, Pinheiro L, Baptista P, Pereira JA. Olive cultivar and maturation process on the oviposition preference of Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2019; 109:43-53. [PMID: 29463321 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a key-pest in the main olives producing areas worldwide, and displays distinct preference to different olive cultivars. The present work intended to study oviposition preference towards three Portuguese cultivars (Cobrançosa, Madural, and Verdeal Transmontana) at different maturation indexes. Multiple oviposition bioassays (multiple-choice and no-choice) were conducted to assess cultivar preference. No-choice bioassays were conducted to assess the influence of different maturation indexes (MI 2; MI 3, and MI 4) in single cultivars. The longevity of olive fly adults according to the cultivar in which its larvae developed was also evaluated through survival assays.Cultivar and maturation are crucial aspects in olive fly preference. Field and laboratory assays revealed a preference towards cv. Verdeal Transmontana olives and a lower susceptibility to cv. Cobrançosa olives. A higher preference was observed for olives at MI 2 and MI 3. The slower maturation process in cv. Verdeal Transmontana (still green while the other cultivars are reddish or at black stage) seems to have an attractive effect on olive fly females, thus increasing its infestation levels. Olive fly adults from both sexes live longer if emerged from pupae developed from cv. Verdeal Transmontana fruits and live less if emerged from cv. Cobrançosa. Therefore, olive cultivar and maturation process are crucial aspects in olive fly preference, also influencing the longevity of adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Malheiro
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança,Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança,Portugal
| | - S Casal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV/Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia,Universidade do Porto,Porto,Portugal
| | - L Pinheiro
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança,Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança,Portugal
| | - P Baptista
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança,Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança,Portugal
| | - J A Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança,Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança,Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Impact of Bactrocera oleae on the fungal microbiota of ripe olive drupes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199403. [PMID: 30496186 PMCID: PMC6264826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The olive fruit fly (OFF), Bactrocera oleae is the most devastating pest affecting olive fruit worldwide. Previous investigations have addressed the fungal microbiome associated with olive drupes or B. oleae, but the impact of the insect on fungal communities of olive fruit remains undescribed. In the present work, the fungal microbiome of olive drupes, infested and non-infested by the OFF, was investigated in four different localities and cultivars. Olive fruit fly infestations caused a general reduction of the fungal diversity, a higher quantity of the total DNA and an increase in taxa that remained unidentified or had unknown roles. The infestations led to imbalanced fungal communities with the growth of taxa that are usually outcompeted. While it was difficult to establish a cause-effect link between fly infestation and specific fungi, it is clear that the fly alters the natural microbial balance, especially the low abundant taxa. On the other hand, the most abundant ones, were not significantly influenced by the insect. In fact, despite the slight variation between the sampling locations, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, and Alternaria, were the dominant genera, suggesting the existence of a typical olive fungal microbiome.
Collapse
|
23
|
Volatile changes in cv. Verdeal Transmontana olive oil: From the drupe to the table, including storage. Food Res Int 2018; 106:374-382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
24
|
Influence of olive fruit fly attack on quality and composition of ‘Rosinjola’ virgin olive oil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2018.1199.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
25
|
Grasso F, Coppola M, Carbone F, Baldoni L, Alagna F, Perrotta G, Pérez-Pulido AJ, Garonna A, Facella P, Daddiego L, Lopez L, Vitiello A, Rao R, Corrado G. The transcriptional response to the olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae) reveals extended differences between tolerant and susceptible olive (Olea europaea L.) varieties. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183050. [PMID: 28797083 PMCID: PMC5552259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the most devastating pest of cultivated olive (Olea europaea L.). Intraspecific variation in plant resistance to B. oleae has been described only at phenotypic level. In this work, we used a transcriptomic approach to study the molecular response to the olive fruit fly in two olive cultivars with contrasting level of susceptibility. Using next-generation pyrosequencing, we first generated a catalogue of more than 80,000 sequences expressed in drupes from approximately 700k reads. The assembled sequences were used to develop a microarray layout with over 60,000 olive-specific probes. The differential gene expression analysis between infested (i.e. with II or III instar larvae) and control drupes indicated a significant intraspecific variation between the more tolerant and susceptible cultivar. Around 2500 genes were differentially regulated in infested drupes of the tolerant variety. The GO annotation of the differentially expressed genes implies that the inducible resistance to the olive fruit fly involves a number of biological functions, cellular processes and metabolic pathways, including those with a known role in defence, oxidative stress responses, cellular structure, hormone signalling, and primary and secondary metabolism. The difference in the induced transcriptional changes between the cultivars suggests a strong genetic role in the olive inducible defence, which can ultimately lead to the discovery of factors associated with a higher level of tolerance to B. oleae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Grasso
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Mariangela Coppola
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carbone
- Centro di Ricerca per l’Olivicoltura e l’Industria Olearia, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria (CREA), Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Luciana Baldoni
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), CNR, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Alagna
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), CNR, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Perrotta
- Trisaia Research Center, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Antonio J. Pérez-Pulido
- Departamento Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Garonna
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Paolo Facella
- Trisaia Research Center, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Loretta Daddiego
- Trisaia Research Center, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Loredana Lopez
- Trisaia Research Center, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Alessia Vitiello
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Rosa Rao
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Portici (NA), Italy
- * E-mail: (RR); (CG)
| | - Giandomenico Corrado
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Portici (NA), Italy
- * E-mail: (RR); (CG)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Malacrinò A, Schena L, Campolo O, Laudani F, Mosca S, Giunti G, Strano CP, Palmeri V. A Metabarcoding Survey on the Fungal Microbiota Associated to the Olive Fruit Fly. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2017; 73:677-684. [PMID: 27687872 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-016-0864-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of interaction between insects and fungi is interesting from an ecological point of view, particularly when these interactions involve insect pests and plant pathogens within an agroecosystem. In this study, we aimed to perform an accurate analysis on the fungal microbiota associated to Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) through a metabarcoding approach based on 454 pyrosequencing. From this analysis, we retrieved 43,549 reads that clustered into 128 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), of which 29 resulted in the "core" associate fungi of B. oleae. This fungal community was mainly represented by sooty mould fungi, such as Cladosporium spp., Alternaria spp. and Aureobasidium spp., by plant pathogens like Colletotrichum spp. and Pseudocercospora spp., along with several other less abundant taxa whose ecology is unclear in most of the cases. Our findings lead to new insights into the microbial ecology of this specific ecological niche, enabling the understanding of a complex network of interactions within the olive agroecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Malacrinò
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Leonardo Schena
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - Orlando Campolo
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Francesca Laudani
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Saveria Mosca
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giulia Giunti
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Cinzia Patricia Strano
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palmeri
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi "Mediterranea" di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kikionis S, Ioannou E, Konstantopoulou M, Roussis V. Electrospun Micro/Nanofibers as Controlled Release Systems for Pheromones of Bactrocera oleae and Prays oleae. J Chem Ecol 2017; 43:254-262. [PMID: 28271344 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-017-0831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
New systems for the controlled release of 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane and (Z)-7-tetradecenal, the sex pheromones of olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, and olive moth, Prays oleae, respectively, were developed utilizing electrospun micro/nanofiber matrices from inexpensive, biodegradable polymers, namely polycaprolactone, cellulose acetate and polyhydroxybutyrate. The incorporation of the pheromones in 5, 10 and 20% w/w in the electrospinning polymer blends allowed for the production of fiber mats with variable loading levels and release rates, ensuring however in all cases the release of pheromones for more than 16 weeks. Laboratory bioassays and field trapping tests showed that the fiber mats obtained from electrospinning of polyhydroxybutyrate solution containing 5% w/w 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane and polycaprolactone solution containing 5% w/w (Z)-7-tetradecenal were almost twice as effective in attracting B. oleae and P. oleae males, respectively, in comparison to the positive controls used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Kikionis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Konstantopoulou
- Chemical Ecology and Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310, Ag. Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Medjkouh L, Tamendjari A, Alves RC, Araújo M, Oliveira MBPP. Effect of Bactrocera oleae on phenolic compounds and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of two Algerian olive cultivars. Food Funct 2016; 7:4372-4378. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01136e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Bactrocera oleae, an olive fruit fly, is a major olive pest in Algeria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Medjkouh
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie
- Université de Bejaia
- Algérie
| | - Abderezak Tamendjari
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie
- Université de Bejaia
- Algérie
| | - Rita C. Alves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Porto
- Portugal
| | - Mariana Araújo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Porto
- Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Medjkouh L, Tamendjari A, Keciri S, Santos J, Nunes MA, Oliveira MBPP. The effect of the olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae) on quality parameters, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of olive oil. Food Funct 2016; 7:2780-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00295a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study shows the importance of controlling the fly attack because it causes a decrease in the beneficial health effects of olive oils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Medjkouh
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie
- Université de Bejaia
- Algérie
| | - Abderezak Tamendjari
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie
- Université de Bejaia
- Algérie
| | - Sonia Keciri
- Technical Institute of Arboriculture of Fruits and Vine (TIAFV)
- Bejaia
- Algeria
| | - Joana Santos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Porto
- Portugal
| | - M. Antónia Nunes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Porto
- Portugal
| | - M. B. P. P. Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Porto
- Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Malheiro R, Casal S, Cunha SC, Baptista P, Pereira JA. Identification of leaf volatiles from olive (Olea europaea) and their possible role in the ovipositional preferences of olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 121:11-19. [PMID: 26603276 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), is a monophagous pest that displays an oviposition preference among cultivars of olive (Olea europaea L.). To clarify the oviposition preference, the olive leaf volatiles of three olive cultivars (Cobrançosa, Madural and Verdeal Transmontana) were assessed by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) at six different periods of olive fruit maturation and degrees of infestation. A total of 39 volatiles were identified, mainly esters and alcohols, with a minor percentage of aldehydes, ketones and terpenic compounds, including sesquiterpenes. At sampling dates with higher degrees of infestation, cv. Cobrançosa had, simultaneously, significantly lower infestation degrees and higher volatile amounts than the other two cultivars, with a probable deterrent effect for oviposition. The green leaf volatiles (GLVs) (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol acetate) were the main compounds identified in all cultivars, together with toluene. The abundance of GLVs decreased significantly throughout maturation, without significant differences among cultivars, while toluene showed a general increase and positive correlation with olive fly infestation levels. The results obtained could broaden our understanding of the roles of various types and amounts of olive volatiles in the environment, especially in olive fly host selection and cultivar preference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Malheiro
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal; REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Casal
- REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara C Cunha
- REQUIMTE/Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Porto University, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Baptista
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Alberto Pereira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|