1
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Sato K, Deguchi S, Nagai N, Yamamoto T, Mitamura K, Taga A. Neokestose suppresses the increase in plasma glucose caused by oral administration of sucrose in a streptozotocin‑induced diabetic rat. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16658. [PMID: 39030286 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67458-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neokestose is considered to have a prebiotic function. However, the physiological activity of neokestose remains unknown. Neokestose has a blastose, a sucrose analog, in its structure. We previously demonstrated that oral administration of blastose to diabetic rats suppressed the increase in plasma glucose (PG) concentration after sucrose administration. Therefore, neokestose might have a similar effect. In this study, we investigated the effects of neokestose on PG concentrations and the mechanism of its action. We first administered neokestose orally to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and observed that the expected consequent increase in PG concentration was significantly suppressed. Next, we examined the inhibitory effect of neokestose on glycosidase activity, but observed only a slight inhibitory effect. Therefore, we hypothesized that neokestose might be hydrolyzed by gastric acid to produce blastose. We performed an acid hydrolysis of neokestose using artificial gastric juice. After acid hydrolysis, peaks corresponding to neokestose and its decomposition products including blastose were observed. Therefore, we suggest that neokestose and blastose, a decomposition product, synergistically inhibit glycosidase activity. These findings support the potential use of neokestose as a useful functional oligosaccharide that can help manage plasma glucose concentrations in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanta Sato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Saori Deguchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Yamamoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kuniko Mitamura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Atsushi Taga
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
- Antiaging Center, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
- Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka City, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
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2
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Wang J, Zhang C, Wen Y, Zhang Y, Zhu S, Liu X. Investigating the antibacterial mode of Limosilactobacillus reuteri LR08 regulated by soybean proteins and peptides. Food Chem 2024; 446:138780. [PMID: 38402764 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Soybean proteins (pro) and soybean peptides (pep) are beneficial to the growth and metabolism of Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri). However, whether they could assist L. reuteri in inhibiting intestinal pathogens and the inhibition mode of them is still unclear. In this study, a co-culture experiment of L. reuteri LR08 with Escherichia coli JCM 1649 (E. coli) was performed. It showed that pro and pep could still favour the growth of L. reuteri over E. coli under their competition. The inhibition zone experiment showed the digested soybean proteins (dpro) could improve its antibacterial activity by increasing the secretion of organic acids from L. reuteri. Furthermore, digested soybean peptides (dpep) could enhance nitrogen utilization capacity of L. reuteri over E. coli. These results explained the patterns of dpro and dpep assisting L. reuteri in inhibiting the growth of E. coli by regulating its organic acid secretion and the ability of nitrogen utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, China.
| | - Yanchao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Yinxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Shuya Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, China.
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3
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Yuan M, Zhang Z, Liu T, Feng H, Liu Y, Chen K. The Role of Nondigestible Oligosaccharides in Alleviating Human Chronic Diseases by Regulating the Gut Microbiota: A Review. Foods 2024; 13:2157. [PMID: 38998662 PMCID: PMC11241040 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut has been a focus of chronic disease research. The gut microbiota produces metabolites that act as signaling molecules and substrates, closely influencing host health. Nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDOs), as a common dietary fiber, play an important role in regulating the structure and function of the gut microbiota. Their mechanism of action is mainly attributed to providing a carbon source as specific probiotics, producing related metabolites, and regulating the gut microbial community. However, due to the selective utilization of oligosaccharides, some factors, such as the type and structure of oligosaccharides, have different impacts on the composition of microbial populations and the production of metabolites in the colon ecosystem. This review systematically describes the key factors influencing the selective utilization of oligosaccharides by microorganisms and elaborates how oligosaccharides affect the host's immune system, inflammation levels, and energy metabolism by regulating microbial diversity and metabolic function, which in turn affects the onset and progress of chronic diseases, especially diabetes, obesity, depression, intestinal inflammatory diseases, and constipation. In this review, we re-examine the interaction mechanisms between the gut microbiota and its associated metabolites and diseases, and we explore new strategies for promoting human health and combating chronic diseases through dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (M.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (M.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330019, China;
| | - Tongying Liu
- Jiangxi Maternel and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang 330108, China;
| | - Hua Feng
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330019, China;
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (M.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- Chongqing Research Institute of Nanchang University, Chongqing 402660, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Shangrao Innovation Institute of Agricultural Technology, College of Life Science, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
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4
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Ma Y, Zhang L, Ma X, Bai K, Tian Z, Wang Z, Muratkhan M, Wang X, Lü X, Liu M. Saccharide mapping as an extraordinary method on characterization and identification of plant and fungi polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133350. [PMID: 38960255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Saccharide mapping was a promising scheme to unveil the mystery of polysaccharide structure by analysis of the fragments generated from polysaccharide decomposition process. However, saccharide mapping was not widely applied in the polysaccharide analysis for lacking of systematic introduction. In this review, a detailed description of the establishment process of saccharide mapping, the pros and cons of downstream technologies, an overview of the application of saccharide mapping, and practical strategies were summarized. With the updating of the available downstream technologies, saccharide mapping had been expanding its scope of application to various kinds of polysaccharides. The process of saccharide mapping analysis included polysaccharides degradation and hydrolysates analysis, and the degradation process was no longer limited to acid hydrolysis. Some downstream technologies were convenient for rapid qualitative analysis, while others could achieve quantitative analysis. For the more detailed structure information could be provided by saccharide mapping, it was possible to improve the quality control of polysaccharides during preparation and application. This review filled the blank of basic information about saccharide mapping and was helpful for the establishment of a professional workflow for the saccharide mapping application to promote the deep study of polysaccharide structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntian Ma
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuoer Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhangyang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Marat Muratkhan
- Department of Food Technology and Processing Products, Technical Faculty, Saken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Products Quality, Safety and Health, Shaanxi, China; Northwest A&F University Shen Zhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Products Quality, Safety and Health, Shaanxi, China; Northwest A&F University Shen Zhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Manshun Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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5
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Martin LE, Penner MH, Lim J. Taste of common prebiotic oligosaccharides: impact of molecular structure. Chem Senses 2024; 49:bjae023. [PMID: 38824402 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Prebiotic oligosaccharides are naturally occurring nondigestible carbohydrates with demonstrated health benefits. They are also a chemically diverse class of nutrients, offering an opportunity to investigate the impact of molecular structure on oligosaccharide taste perception. Accordingly, a relevant question is whether these compounds are detected by the human gustatory system, and if so, whether they elicit sweet or "starchy" taste. Here, in 3 psychophysical experiments, we investigated the taste perception of 3 commercially popular prebiotics [fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), xylooligosaccharides (XOS)] in highly pure form. Each of these classes of prebiotics differs in the type of glycosyl residue, and position and type of bond between those residues. In experiments I and II, participants were asked to discriminate a total of 9 stimuli [FOS, GOS, XOS; degree of polymerization (DP) of 2, 3, 4] prepared at 75 mM in the presence and absence of lactisole, a sweet receptor antagonist. We found that all 9 compounds were detectable (P < 0.05). We also found that GOS and XOS DP 4 were discriminable even with lactisole, suggesting that their detection was not via the canonical sweet receptor. Accordingly, in experiment III, the taste of GOS and XOS DP 4 were directly compared with that of MOS (maltooligosaccharides) DP 4-6, which has been reported to elicit "starchy" taste. We found that GOS and MOS were perceived similarly although narrowly discriminable, while XOS was easily discriminable from both GOS and MOS. The current findings suggest that the molecular structure of oligosaccharides impacts their taste perception in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Martin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Michael H Penner
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Juyun Lim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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6
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Dhaver P, Pletschke B, Sithole B, Govinden R. Optimization of Xylooligosaccharides Production by Native and Recombinant Xylanase Hydrolysis of Chicken Feed Substrates. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17110. [PMID: 38069432 PMCID: PMC10707560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Poultry production faces several challenges, with feed efficiency being the main factor that can be influenced through the use of different nutritional strategies. Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are functional feed additives that are attracting growing commercial interest due to their excellent ability to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota. The aim of the study was to apply crude and purified fungal xylanases, from Trichoderma harzianum, as well as a recombinant glycoside hydrolase family 10 xylanase, derived from Geobacillus stearothermophilus T6, as additives to locally produced chicken feeds. A Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to optimize the reducing sugar yield. Response surface methodology (RSM) revealed that reducing sugars were higher (8.05 mg/mL, 2.81 mg/mL and 2.98 mg/mL) for the starter feed treated with each of the three enzymes compared to the treatment with grower feed (3.11 mg/mL, 2.41 mg/mL and 2.62 mg/mL). The hydrolysis products were analysed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis and showed that the enzymes hydrolysed the chicken feeds, producing a range of monosaccharides (arabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose) and XOS, with xylobiose being the predominant XOS. These results show promising data for future applications as additives to poultry feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyashini Dhaver
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Brett Pletschke
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda (Grahamstown) 6140, South Africa;
| | - Bruce Sithole
- Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban 4000, South Africa;
- Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Roshini Govinden
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
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7
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Yang X, Zeng D, Li C, Yu W, Xie G, Zhang Y, Lu W. Therapeutic potential and mechanism of functional oligosaccharides in inflammatory bowel disease: a review. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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8
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Rana M, Jassal S, Yadav R, Sharma A, Puri N, Mazumder K, Gupta N. Functional β-mannooligosaccharides: Sources, enzymatic production and application as prebiotics. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37335120 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2222165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
One of the emerging non-digestible oligosaccharide prebiotics is β-mannooligosaccharides (β-MOS). β-MOS are β-mannan derived oligosaccharides, they are selectively fermented by gut microbiota, promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms (probiotics), whereas the growth of enteric pathogens remains unaffected or gets inhibited in their presence, along with production of metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids. β-MOS also exhibit several other bioactive properties and health-promoting effects. Production of β-MOS using the enzymes such as β-mannanases is the most effective and eco-friendly approach. For the application of β-MOS on a large scale, their production needs to be standardized using low-cost substrates, efficient enzymes and optimization of the production conditions. Moreover, for their application, detailed in-vivo and clinical studies are required. For this, a thorough information of various studies in this regard is needed. The current review provides a comprehensive account of the enzymatic production of β-MOS along with an evaluation of their prebiotic and other bioactive properties. Their characterization, structural-functional relationship and in-vivo studies have also been summarized. Research gaps and future prospects have also been discussed, which will help in conducting further research for the commercialization of β-MOS as prebiotics, functional food ingredients and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rana
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunena Jassal
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Richa Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anupama Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neena Puri
- Department of Industrial Microbiology, Guru Nanak Khalsa College, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Koushik Mazumder
- Food & Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Naveen Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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9
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Chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides and their application in new drug research. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 249:115164. [PMID: 36758451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides are the ubiquitous molecules of life. In order to translate human bioglycosylation into clinical applications, homogeneous samples of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates can be obtained by chemical, enzymatic or other biological methods for systematic studies. However, the structural complexity and diversity of glycans and their conjugates present a major challenge for the synthesis of such molecules. This review summarizes the chemical synthesis methods of oligosaccharides, the application of oligosaccharides in the field of medicinal chemistry according to their related biological activities, and shows the great prospect of oligosaccharides in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry.
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10
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Preparation methods, biological activities, and potential applications of marine algae oligosaccharides: a review. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Yan T, Liu T, Shi L, Yan L, Li Z, Zhang X, Dai X, Sun X, Yang X. Integration of microbial metabolomics and microbiomics uncovers a novel mechanism underlying the antidiabetic property of stachyose. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
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12
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2017-2018. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:227-431. [PMID: 34719822 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2018. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to glycan and glycoprotein analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, new methods, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and the use of arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Most of the applications are presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and highlights the impact that MALDI imaging is having across a range of diciplines. MALDI is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and the range of applications continue steady progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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13
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Zhang Z, Ma R, Xu Y, Chi L, Li Y, Mu G, Zhu X. Investigation of the Structure and Allergic Potential of Whey Protein by Both Heating Sterilization and Simulation with Molecular Dynamics. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244050. [PMID: 36553793 PMCID: PMC9778632 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As the main allergens in milk, whey proteins are heat-sensitive proteins and are widespread in dairy products and items in which milk proteins are involved as food additives. The present work sought to investigate the effect of heating sterilization on the allergenicity of α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), the main composite and allergen in whey protein isolate (WPI), by combining molecular dynamics with experimental techniques for detecting the spatial structure and IgE binding capacity. The structure of WPI was basically destroyed at heat sterilization conditions of 95 °C for 5 min and 65 °C for 30 min by SDS-PAGE analysis and spectroscopic analysis. In addition, α-lactalbumin (α-LA) may be more sensitive to temperature, resulting in exposure to allergic epitopes and increasing the allergic potential, while the binding capacity of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) to IgE was reduced under 65 °C for 30 min. By the radius of gyration (Rg) and root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) plots calculated in molecular dynamics simulations, α-LA was less structurally stable at 368 K, while β-LG remained stable at higher temperatures, indicating that α-LA was more thermally sensitive. In addition, we observed that the regions significantly affected by temperatures were associated with the capacity of allergic epitopes (α-LA 80-101 and β-LG 82-93, 105-121) to bind IgE through root-mean-standard fluctuation (RMSF) plots, which may influence the two major allergens. We inferred that these regions are susceptible to structural changes after sterilization, thus affecting the allergenicity of allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ruida Ma
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yunpeng Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Lei Chi
- Dalian Women and Children Medical Center, Dalian 116012, China
| | - Yue Li
- Dalian Women and Children Medical Center, Dalian 116012, China
| | - Guangqing Mu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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14
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Zhang M, Chen Y, Chen R, Wen Y, Huang Q, Liu Y, Zhao C. Research status of the effects of natural oligosaccharides on glucose metabolism. EFOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/efd2.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minjiao Zhang
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Yaobin Chen
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Ruoxin Chen
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Yuxi Wen
- College of Marine Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Sciences Universidade de Vigo Ourense Spain
| | - Qihui Huang
- College of Marine Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Sciences Universidade de Vigo Ourense Spain
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- College of Marine Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
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15
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Liu Y, Tong A, Gao X, Yuan S, Zhong R, Zhao C. Treponema primitia α1–2-fucosyltransferase-catalyzed one-pot multienzyme synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharide lacto-N-fucopentaose I with antiviral activity against enterovirus 71. Food Chem X 2022; 14:100273. [PMID: 35265828 PMCID: PMC8899238 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel α1,2-fucosyltransferase was cloned from Treponema primiti. Tpα1,2-FT catalyzes one-pot multi-enzyme synthesis of lacto-N-fucopentaose-I. LNFP-I was an inhibitor of enterovirus 71 in the early stages of infection.
Fucosylated oligosaccharides have important biological functions as well as an excellent antiviral activity. A novel α 1–2-fucosyltransferase (α 2FT) from Treponema primitia (Tp2FT) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and purified as an N-His6-tagged fusion protein (His6-Tp2FT). Mass spectrometry was carried out to identify the products of enzymatic reaction. The Tp2FT exhibited strict acceptor substrate specificity for type 1 structure (Galβ1-3GlcNAc)-containing glycans. It might be a promising emzyme for the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I), which is one of the important fucosylated oligosaccharides. In this study, different in vitro experiments were used to study the biological activities of LNFP I. It could reduce the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and effectively inhibit the synthesis of enterovirus 71 proliferation. LNFP I was an inhibitor of enterovirus 71 in the early stages of infection, it can used in infant nutrition and might provide a new drug for hand foot mouth disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Aijun Tong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Gao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Sinan Yuan
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ruting Zhong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Corresponding author at: No. 15 Shangxiadian Rd., Fuzhou 350002, China.
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16
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Zeng B, Zhao S, Zhou R, Zhou Y, Jin W, Yi Z, Zhang G. Engineering and screening of novel β-1,3-xylanases with desired hydrolysate type by optimized ancestor sequence reconstruction and data mining. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:3313-3321. [PMID: 35832630 PMCID: PMC9251504 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel integrative strategy for engineering β-1,3-xylanases with desired products. AncXyl10 is the first successful example of ASR to shift the hydrolysate types. The hydrolysates of AncXyl10 was only β-1,3-xylobiose and β-1,3-xylotriose. The underlying mechanism laid a new groundwork towards hydrolase engineering.
Engineering of hydrolases to shift their hydrolysate types has not been attempted so far, though computer-assisted enzyme design has been successful. A novel integrative strategy for engineering and screening the β-1,3-xylanase with desired hydrolysate types was proposed, with the purpose to solve problems that the separation and preparation of β-1,3-xylo-oligosaccharides was in high cost yet in low yield as monosaccharides existed in the hydrolysates. By classifying the hydrolysate types and coding them into numerical values, two robust mathematical models with five selected attributes from molecular docking were established based on LogitBoost and partial least squares regression with overall accuracy of 83.3% and 100%, respectively. Then, they were adopted for efficient screening the potential mutagenesis library of β-1,3-xylanases that only product oligosaccharides. The virtually designed AncXyl10 was selected and experimentally verified to produce only β-1,3-xylobiose (60.38%) and β-1,3-xylotriose (39.62%), which facilitated the preparation of oligosaccharides with high purity. The underlying mechanism of AncXyl10 may associated with the gap processing and ancestral amino acid substitution in the process of ancestral sequence reconstruction. Since many carbohydrate-active enzymes have highly conserved active sites, the strategy and their biomolecular basis will shield a new light for engineering carbohydrates hydrolase to produce specific oligosaccharides.
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17
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Jahan AA, González Ortiz G, Moss AF, Bhuiyan MM, Morgan NK. Role of supplemental oligosaccharides in poultry diets. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2022.2067805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Jahan
- Department of Animal Science, University of New England, School of Environmental and Rural Science, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | | | - A. F. Moss
- Department of Animal Science, University of New England, School of Environmental and Rural Science, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - M. M. Bhuiyan
- Department of Animal Science, University of New England, School of Environmental and Rural Science, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - N. K. Morgan
- Department of Animal Science, University of New England, School of Environmental and Rural Science, Armidale, NSW, Australia
- Department of Food Science and Agriculture, Curtin University, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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18
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Zhang N, Jin M, Wang K, Zhang Z, Shah NP, Wei H. Functional oligosaccharide fermentation in the gut: Improving intestinal health and its determinant factors-A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 284:119043. [PMID: 35287885 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Lin S. Dietary fiber in bakery products: Source, processing, and function. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 99:37-100. [PMID: 35595397 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bakery products are prevalently consumed foods in the world, and they have been regarded as convenient dietary vehicles for delivering nutritive ingredients into people's diet, of which, dietary fiber (DF) is one of the most popular items. The food industry attempts to produce fiber-enriched bakery products with both increasing nutritional value and appealing palatability. As many new sources of DFs become available, and consumers are moving towards healthier diets, studies of using these DFs as functional ingredients in baked goods are becoming vast. Besides, the nutrition value of DF is commonly accepted, and many investigations have also revealed the health benefits of fiber-enriched bakery products. Thus, this chapter presents an overview of (1) trends in supplementation of DF from various sources, (2) impact of DF on dough processing, quality and physiological functionality of bakery products, and (3) technologies used to improve the compatibility of DF in bakery products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun Lin
- Key Lab for Natural Products and Functional Foods of Jiangxi Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.
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20
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Huang Y, Chen Y, Lu S, Zhao C. Recent advance of <i>in vitro</i> models in natural phytochemicals absorption and metabolism. EFOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.53365/efood.k/146945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural phytochemicals absorption and metabolic process are mainly in the human gut. Simulating the absorption and metabolism of natural phytochemicals in vitro to predict the rate and degree of absorption of natural phytochemicals provides convenience for many researchers. However, in this process, many physiological factors <i>in vitro</i> are affected, such as stomach and intestinal juice composition, pH, intestinal transmission rate and so on. In recent years, the research methods have gradually improved to make these models more suitable for the natural phytochemicals absorption process, <i>in vitro</i> simulation models have become an essential means to study natural phytochemicals absorption. Therefore, this paper introduces the advantages and disadvantages of commonly used <i>in vitro</i> simulation models of natural phytochemicals absorption and metabolism, as well as briefly introduces the working principle of each model. To provide a theoretical basis for simulating natural phytochemicals absorption <i>in vitro</i> and development and utilization of natural phytochemicals.
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21
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Li X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Shi C, Wang S, Wang X, Lü X. A review on the potential use of natural products in overweight and obesity. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1990-2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Shuxuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Caihong Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
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22
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Martin LE, Lim J. OUP accepted manuscript. Chem Senses 2022; 47:6565984. [PMID: 35397161 PMCID: PMC8994581 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjac006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligosaccharides, a subclass of complex carbohydrates, occur both naturally in foods and as a result of oral starch digestion. We have previously shown that humans can taste maltooligosaccharides (MOS) and that their detection is independent of the canonical sweet taste receptor. While MOSs most commonly occur in a linear form, they can also exist in cyclic structures, referred to as cyclodextrins (CD). The aim of this study was to investigate how the structure of the MOS backbone (i.e. cyclic form) and the size (i.e. degree of polymerization; DP) affect their taste perception. We tested taste detection of cyclodextrins with DP of 6, 7, and 8 (i.e. α-, β-, and γ-CD, respectively) in the presence and absence of lactisole, a sweet receptor antagonist. We found that subjects could detect the taste of cyclodextrins in aqueous solutions at a significant level (P < 0.05), but were not able to detect them in the presence of lactisole (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that the cyclodextrins, unlike their linear analogs, are ligands of the human sweet taste receptor, hT1R2/hT1R3. Study findings are discussed in terms of how chemical structures may contribute to tastes of saccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Martin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Juyun Lim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Corresponding author: Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, 100 Wiegand Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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23
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Health benefits of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide on intestinal microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Liu D, Ouyang Y, Chen R, Wang M, Ai C, El-Seedi HR, Sarker MMR, Chen X, Zhao C. Nutraceutical potentials of algal ulvan for healthy aging. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:422-434. [PMID: 34826453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Several theories for aging are constantly put forth to explain the underlying mechanisms. Oxidative stress, DNA dysfunction, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, along with the release of cytochrome c are some of these theories. Diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, intestinal dysfunction, cardiovascular diseases, hepatic injury, and even cancer develop with age and eventually cause death. Ulva polysaccharides, owing to their special structures and various functions, have emerged as desirable materials for keeping healthy. These polysaccharide structures are found to be closely related to the extraction methods, seaweed strains, and culture conditions. Ulvan is a promising bioactive substance, a potential functional food, which can regulate immune cells to augment inflammation, control the activity of aging-related genes, promote tumor senescence, enhance mitochondrial function, maintain liver balance, and protect the gut microbiome from inflammatory attacks. Given the desirable physiochemical and gelling properties of ulvan, it would serve to improve the quality and shelf-life of food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuezhen Ouyang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ruoxin Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Food and Nutrition Department, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Chao Ai
- Department of Food Science & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosynthesis, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Md Moklesur Rahman Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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25
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Yue P, Hu Y, Tian R, Bian J, Peng F. Hydrothermal pretreatment for the production of oligosaccharides: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126075. [PMID: 34606922 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides are low-molecular-weight carbohydrates with crucial physical, chemical, and physiological properties, which are increasingly important in the fields of food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and biomedicine. Pretreating biomass in a cost-effective way is a significant challenge for oligosaccharides research. Hydrothermal pretreatment is a potentially eco-friendly technology to obtain oligosaccharides by deconstructing biomass. In this work, we compared the differences between hydrothermal pretreatment and the traditional pretreatment method. The fundamentals and classification of hydrothermal pretreatment, as well as the latest studies on hydrothermal preparation of oligosaccharides, were further reviewed and evaluated to provide a theoretical basis for the production and application of oligosaccharides. Some challenges and future trends to develop green and large-scale hydrothermal pretreatment were proposed for the production of oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yajie Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Rui Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jing Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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26
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Zhong R, Gao L, Chen Z, Yuan S, Chen X, Zhao C. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides using Thermosynechococcus α1-2-fucosyltransferase and their application in the regulation of intestinal microbiota. Food Chem X 2021; 12:100152. [PMID: 34816119 PMCID: PMC8593560 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel bacterial α 1-2-fucosyltransferase (α 2FT) from Thermosynechococcus sp. NK55a (Ts2FT) has been discovered and characterized. It shares 28-62% protein sequence homology to α 2FTs reported previously. The Ts2FT was cloned as an N-terminal His6-tagged recombinant protein (His6-Ts2FT) and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). It was expressed at a level of 6.2 mg/L culture after induction with 0.05 mM of isopropylβ-d-1-thiogalactoside (IPTG) at 16 °C for 20 h. It showed the optimal activity at a reaction temperature of 40 °C and pH of 7.0. The presence of a Mg2+ improved its catalytic efficiency. Ts2FT displayed a strict acceptor specificity and could recognize only β1-3-galatoside acceptors. It was used efficiently for one-pot multienzyme synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides. One of the products, lacto-N-fucopentaose I was shown to promote the growth of intestinal probiotics including those belonging to Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruting Zhong
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Luying Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Zhengxin Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Sinan Yuan
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Chao Zhao
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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27
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Kim DR, Jeon CW, Cho G, Thomashow LS, Weller DM, Paik MJ, Lee YB, Kwak YS. Glutamic acid reshapes the plant microbiota to protect plants against pathogens. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:244. [PMID: 34930485 PMCID: PMC8691028 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01186-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants in nature interact with other species, among which are mutualistic microorganisms that affect plant health. The co-existence of microbial symbionts with the host contributes to host fitness in a natural context. In turn, the composition of the plant microbiota responds to the environment and the state of the host, raising the possibility that it can be engineered to benefit the plant. However, technology for engineering the structure of the plant microbiome is not yet available. RESULTS The loss of diversity and reduction in population density of Streptomyces globisporus SP6C4, a core microbe, was observed coincident with the aging of strawberry plants. Here, we show that glutamic acid reshapes the plant microbial community and enriches populations of Streptomyces, a functional core microbe in the strawberry anthosphere. Similarly, in the tomato rhizosphere, treatment with glutamic acid increased the population sizes of Streptomyces as well as those of Bacillaceae and Burkholderiaceae. At the same time, diseases caused by species of Botrytis and Fusarium were significantly reduced in both habitats. We suggest that glutamic acid directly modulates the composition of the microbiome community. CONCLUSIONS Much is known about the structure of plant-associated microbial communities, but less is understood about how the community composition and complexity are controlled. Our results demonstrate that the intrinsic level of glutamic acid in planta is associated with the composition of the microbiota, which can be modulated by an external supply of a biostimulant. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Ran Kim
- RILS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Wook Jeon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 plus) and IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongjun Cho
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 plus) and IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Linda S Thomashow
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA
| | - David M Weller
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Pullman, WA, 99164-6430, USA
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 65980, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bok Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 plus) and IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Sig Kwak
- RILS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 plus) and IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Plant Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Li X, Chen Y, Gao X, Wu Y, El-Seedi HR, Cao Y, Zhao C. Antihyperuricemic Effect of Green Alga Ulva lactuca Ulvan through Regulating Urate Transporters. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11225-11235. [PMID: 34549578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel polysaccharide from Ulva lactuca (ULP) was purified using a Sepharose CL-4B column. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were employed to analyze the structure of ULP. It consisted of rhamnose (Rha), glucuronic acid (GluA), galactose (Gal), and xylose (Xyl) at a molar ratio of 32.75:22.83:1.07:6.46 with the molecular weight of 2.24 × 105 Da. The four major glycosidic residues found in ULP were →2,3)-α-l-Rhap-(1→, →4)-β-d-GlcpA-(1→, →2,6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, and →4)-β-d-Xylp-(1→. The antihyperuricemic activity of ULP was exhibited by detecting related biochemical indexes, urate transporter gene expressions, renal histopathology, and intestinal microbiota shifts. ULP obviously decreased the levels of serum uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine, while inhibited serum and hepatic xanthine oxidase activities as well as improved renal injury in hyperuricemic mice. Furthermore, the upregulation of UA excretion genes ABCG2/OAT1 and downregulation of UA resorption genes URAT1 and GLUT9 were detected. In addition, ULP exerted its antihyperuricemic effect through regulating the intestinal microbiome, characterized by elevating the helpful microbial abundance, meanwhile declining the harmful bacterial abundance and restoring the gut microbiome homeostasis. This study demonstrates the antihyperuricemic activity of ULP and its potential effect for the treatment of hyperuricemia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihan Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Gao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijing Wu
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Hesham Rushdy El-Seedi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
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29
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Fuso A, Risso D, Rosso G, Rosso F, Manini F, Manera I, Caligiani A. Potential Valorization of Hazelnut Shells through Extraction, Purification and Structural Characterization of Prebiotic Compounds: A Critical Review. Foods 2021; 10:1197. [PMID: 34073196 PMCID: PMC8229101 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hazelnuts are one of the most widely consumed nuts, but their production creates large quantities of by-products, especially shells, that could be upcycled into much more valuable products. Recent studies have shown that hazelnut shell hemicellulose is particularly rich in compounds that are potential precursors of xylooligosaccharides and arabino-xylooligosaccharides ((A)XOS), previously defined as emerging prebiotics very beneficial for human health. The production of these compounds on an industrial scale-up could have big consequences on the functional foods market. However, to produce (A)XOS from a lignocellulosic biomass, such as hazelnut shell, is not easy. Many methods for the extraction and the purification of these prebiotics have been developed, but they all have different efficiencies and consequences, including on the chemical structure of the obtained (A)XOS. The latter, in turn, is strongly correlated to the nutritional effects they have on health, which is why the optimization of the structural characterization process is also necessary. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the progress made by research in this field, so as to contribute to the exploitation of hazelnut waste streams through a circular economy approach, increasing the value of this biomass through the production of new functional ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fuso
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Via Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
| | - Davide Risso
- Soremartec Italia Srl, Ferrero Group, 12051 Alba, Italy; (D.R.); (G.R.); (F.R.); (F.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Ginevra Rosso
- Soremartec Italia Srl, Ferrero Group, 12051 Alba, Italy; (D.R.); (G.R.); (F.R.); (F.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Franco Rosso
- Soremartec Italia Srl, Ferrero Group, 12051 Alba, Italy; (D.R.); (G.R.); (F.R.); (F.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Federica Manini
- Soremartec Italia Srl, Ferrero Group, 12051 Alba, Italy; (D.R.); (G.R.); (F.R.); (F.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Ileana Manera
- Soremartec Italia Srl, Ferrero Group, 12051 Alba, Italy; (D.R.); (G.R.); (F.R.); (F.M.); (I.M.)
| | - Augusta Caligiani
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Via Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
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Xie XT, Cheong KL. Recent advances in marine algae oligosaccharides: structure, analysis, and potential prebiotic activities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7703-7717. [PMID: 33939558 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1916736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine algae contain abundant polysaccharides that support a range of health-promoting activities; however, the high molecular weight, high viscosity, and low solubility of marine algae polysaccharides (MAPs) limit their application in food, agriculture and medicine. Thus, as the degradation products of MAPs, marine algae oligosaccharides (MAOs) have drawn increasing attention. Most MAOs are non-digestible by digestive enzyme in the human gastrointestinal tract, but are fermented by bacteria in the gut and converted into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). MAOs can selectively enhance the activities of some populations of beneficial bacteria and stimulate a series of prebiotic effects, such as anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tumour. However, the exact structures of MAOs and their prebiotic activities are, to a large extent, unexplored. This review summarizes recent advances in the sources, categories, and structure analysis methods of MAOs, emphasizing their effects on gut microbiota and its metabolite SCFAs as well as the resulting range of probiotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ting Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, PR China
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Current status of xylooligosaccharides: Production, characterization, health benefits and food application. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Novel and emerging prebiotics: Advances and opportunities. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 95:41-95. [PMID: 33745516 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Consumers are conscientiously changing their eating preferences toward healthier options, such as functional foods enriched with pre- and probiotics. Prebiotics are attractive bioactive compounds with multidimensional beneficial action on both human and animal health, namely on the gastrointestinal tract, cardiometabolism, bones or mental health. Conventionally, prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates which generally present favorable organoleptic properties, temperature and acidic stability, and are considered interesting food ingredients. However, according to the current definition of prebiotics, application categories other than food are accepted, as well as non-carbohydrate substrates and bioactivity at extra-intestinal sites. Regulatory issues are considered a major concern for prebiotics since a clear understanding and application of these compounds among the consumers, regulators, scientists, suppliers or manufacturers, health-care providers and standards or recommendation-setting organizations are of utmost importance. Prebiotics can be divided in several categories according to their development and regulatory status. Inulin, galactooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides and lactulose are generally classified as well established prebiotics. Xylooligosaccharides, isomaltooligosaccharides, chitooligosaccharides and lactosucrose are classified as "emerging" prebiotics, while raffinose, neoagaro-oligosaccharides and epilactose are "under development." Other substances, such as human milk oligosaccharides, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, protein hydrolysates and peptides are considered "new candidates." This chapter will encompass actual information about the non-established prebiotics, mainly their physicochemical properties, market, legislation, biological activity and possible applications. Generally, there is a lack of clear demonstrations about the effective health benefits associated with all the non-established prebiotics. Overcoming this limitation will undoubtedly increase the demand for these compounds and their market size will follow the consumer's trend.
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Catenza KF, Donkor KK. Recent approaches for the quantitative analysis of functional oligosaccharides used in the food industry: A review. Food Chem 2021; 355:129416. [PMID: 33774226 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Functional oligosaccharides (OS) are diverse groups of carbohydrates that confer several health benefits stemming from their prebiotic activity. Commonly used oligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides and galactooligosaccharides, are used in a wide range of applications from food ingredients to mimic the prebiotic activity of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in infant formula to sugar and fat replacers in dairy and bakery products. However, while consumption of these compounds is associated with several positive health effects, increased consumption can cause intestinal discomfort and aggravation of intestinal bowel syndrome symptoms. Hence, it is essential to develop rapid and reliable techniques to quantify OS for quality control and proper assessment of their functionality in food and food products. The present review will focus on recent analytical techniques used to quantify OS in different matrices such as food and beverage products.
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Affiliation(s)
- K F Catenza
- Department of Physical Sciences (Chemistry), Thompson Rivers University, 805 TRU Way, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - K K Donkor
- Department of Physical Sciences (Chemistry), Thompson Rivers University, 805 TRU Way, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada.
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Production of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides from arabino- and glucuronoxylan using a two-domain Jonesia denitrificans xylanase from GH10 family. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 144:109743. [PMID: 33541577 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Development of a more environmentally sustainable society is based on the maximum use of renewable carbon sources and their valorization of environmentally-friendly green technologies. This includes a thorough use of plant biomass and agricultural residues for the production of value-added bioproducts. Xylan is the second most abundant biopolymer in nature which can be sustainable converted into pentoses and xylooligosaccharides, that have wide applications in the food, feed, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industry. Within the scope of present study, we biochemically characterized two-domain GH10 xylanase from Jonesia denitrificans (JdXyn10A) and evaluated its applicability for production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS). JdXyn10A has a specific activity of 84 ± 2 U/mg and 65 ± 5 U/mg when acting on beechwood glucuronoxylan and rye arabinoxylan, respectively. The enzyme is stable in a wide pH range and is tolerant to high concentrations of NaCl and ethanol. Interestingly, the profile of products released by the enzyme is predominant in xylobiose and xylotriose, with a very low fraction of xylose which is desirable for XOS production. The efficiencies of enzymatic conversion of beechwood glucuronoxylan and rye arabinoxylan are 47.67 % and 26.01 %, respectively, after 6 h of enzymatic hydrolysis only. Structural comparison between the JdXyn10A homology model and the structure from its homologous that while the glycone region of its active site is well preserved, the aglycone region presents structural differences in the +2 subsite that may explain why JdXyn10A does not release xylose.
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Vieira TF, Corrêa RCG, Peralta RA, Peralta-Muniz-Moreira RF, Bracht A, Peralta RM. An Overview of Structural Aspects and Health Beneficial Effects of Antioxidant Oligosaccharides. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1759-1777. [PMID: 32039673 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180517120642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-digestible oligosaccharides are versatile sources of chemical diversity, well known for their prebiotic actions, found naturally in plants or produced by chemical or enzymatic synthesis or by hydrolysis of polysaccharides. Compared to polyphenols or even polysaccharides, the antioxidant potential of oligosaccharides is still unexplored. The aim of the present work was to provide an up-to-date, broad and critical contribution on the topic of antioxidant oligosaccharides. METHODS The search was performed by crossing the words oligosaccharides and antioxidant. Whenever possible, attempts at establishing correlations between chemical structure and antioxidant activity were undertaken. RESULTS The most representative in vitro and in vivo studies were compiled in two tables. Chitooligosaccharides and xylooligosaccharides and their derivatives were the most studied up to now. The antioxidant activities of oligosaccharides depend on the degree of polymerization and the method used for depolymerization. Other factors influencing the antioxidant strength are solubility, monosaccharide composition, the type of glycosidic linkages of the side chains, molecular weight, reducing sugar content, the presence of phenolic groups such as ferulic acid, and the presence of uronic acid, among others. Modification of the antioxidant capacity of oligosaccharides has been achieved by adding diverse organic groups to their structures, thus increasing also the spectrum of potentially useful molecules. CONCLUSION A great amount of high-quality evidence has been accumulating during the last decade in support of a meaningful antioxidant activity of oligosaccharides and derivatives. Ingestion of antioxidant oligosaccharides can be visualized as beneficial to human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane F Vieira
- Program Post-graduated of Food Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Rúbia C G Corrêa
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.,Program of Master in Science, Technology and Food Safety, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation (ICETI), Centro Universitário de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosely A Peralta
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Adelar Bracht
- Program Post-graduated of Food Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Rosane M Peralta
- Program Post-graduated of Food Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Wu D, Chen Y, Wan X, Liu D, Wen Y, Chen X, Zhao C. Structural characterization and hypoglycemic effect of green alga Ulva lactuca oligosaccharide by regulating microRNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Amylase-Producing Maltooligosaccharide Provides Potential Relief in Rats with Loperamide-Induced Constipation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5470268. [PMID: 32908561 PMCID: PMC7474349 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5470268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Constipation is a chronic disease caused by infrequent, inadequate, and difficult bowel movements. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential laxative effect of maltooligosaccharide (MOS) on loperamide-induced constipation in a rat model. In vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of MOS on the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Moreover, to examine the effect of MOS administration on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with loperamide-induced constipation, the drinking water for the rats was supplemented with 10% or 15% of MOS for 14 days, and, thereafter, the improvement in constipation was assessed. For this, the rats were divided into five groups: normal (Nor), loperamide-induced constipated (Con), positive control (15% of dual-oligosaccharide (DuO-15)), 10% MOS treated (MOS-10), and 15% MOS-treated (MOS-15). In an in vitro test, MOS treatment promoted the growth of lactic acid bacteria except Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Treatment with higher MOS dose relieved constipation in rats by improving the fecal pellet and water content. Furthermore, in the high MOS dose group, the cecal short-chain fatty acid levels significantly increased compared to those in the control group (P < 0.001). MOS treatment also improved the mucosal thickness as well as mucin secretion and increased the area of intestinal Cajal cells compared to that in the control group (P < 0.001). These findings suggest that MOS relieves constipation and has beneficial effect on the gastrointestinal tract, and, therefore, it can be used as an ingredient in functional foods for treating constipation or improving intestinal health.
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Pan Y, Wan X, Zeng F, Zhong R, Guo W, Lv XC, Zhao C, Liu B. Regulatory effect of Grifola frondosa extract rich in polysaccharides and organic acids on glycolipid metabolism and gut microbiota in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:1030-1039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ji H, Bai Y, Li X, Zheng D, Shen Y, Jin Z. Structural and property characterization of corn starch modified by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase and specific cyclodextrinase. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Amorim C, Silvério SC, Cardoso BB, Alves JI, Pereira MA, Rodrigues LR. In vitro fermentation of raffinose to unravel its potential as prebiotic ingredient. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Su J, Liu X, Li H, Cheng X, Shi S, Li N, Wu J, Xu Y, Liu R, Tian X, Wang H, Wang S. Hypoglycaemic effect and mechanism of an RG-II type polysaccharide purified from Aconitum coreanum in diet-induced obese mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:359-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Xiong K, Yan ZX, Liu JY, Pei PG, Deng L, Gao L, Sun BG. Inter domain interactions influence the substrate affinity and hydrolysis product specificity of xylanase from Streptomyces chartreusis L1105. ANN MICROBIOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-020-01560-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated the influence of inter-domain interactions on the substrate affinity and hydrolysis product specificity of xylanase.
Methods
Genes encoding a GH10 endo-xylanase from Streptomyces chartreusis L1105 xynA and its truncated derivative were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The catalytic activities of the enzyme (xynA) and the derivative xynADCBM, lacking the carbohydrate binding module (CBM), were assessed to evaluate the role of CBM in xynA.
Results
Recombinant xynA (44 kDa) was found to be optimally active on beechwood xylan at 65 °C with pH 7.7, while xynADCBM (34 kDa) exhibited optimal activity at 65 °C with pH 7.2. Additionally, xynA and xynADCBM were found to be highly thermostable at 40–60 °C, each retaining 80% of their original activity after 30 min. The xynADCBM without the CBM domain was highly efficient at hydrolyzing xylan to produce xylobiose (over 67%), which may be because the CBM domain facilitates substrate binding with xylanase. Meanwhile, the xylan hydrolysis efficiency of xynADCBM was higher than that of xynA.
Conclusion
These findings showed that the CBM domain with non-catalytic activity has no significant effect on the characteristics of the enzyme at optimum pH and pH tolerance. It has also been suggested that the derivative xynADCBM without CBM components can promote hydrolysis of xylan to yield xylooligosaccharides, which has great potential economic benefits.
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Nie Q, Chen H, Hu J, Tan H, Nie S, Xie M. Effects of Nondigestible Oligosaccharides on Obesity. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2020; 11:205-233. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health concern that has almost reached the level of pandemic and is rapidly progressing. The gut microbiota has emerged as a crucial regulator involved in the etiology of obesity, and the manipulation of it by dietary intervention has been widely used for reducing the risk of obesity. Nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDOs) are attracting increasing interests as prebiotics, as the indigestible ingredients can induce compositional or metabolic improvement to the gut microbiota, thereby improving gut health and giving rise to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to elicit metabolic effects on obesity. In this review, the role NDOs play in obesity intervention via modification of the gut microecology, as well as the physicochemical and physiological properties and industrial manufacture of NDOs, is discussed. Our goal is to provide a critical assessment of and stimulate comprehensive research into NDO use in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China–Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;,
| | - Haihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China–Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;,
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China–Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;,
| | - Huizi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China–Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;,
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China–Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;,
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China–Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;,
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Rational use of prebiotics for gut microbiota alterations: Specific bacterial phylotypes and related mechanisms. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Wan XZ, Ai C, Chen YH, Gao XX, Zhong RT, Liu B, Chen XH, Zhao C. Physicochemical Characterization of a Polysaccharide from Green Microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Its Hypolipidemic Activity via Gut Microbiota Regulation in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1186-1197. [PMID: 31855431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A bioactive polysaccharide from microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CPP) was successively prepared via DEAE-52 and G-100 columns. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed that the main glycosidic bonds were composed of 1,2-linked-α-l-Fucp, 1,4-linked-α-l-Rhap, 1,4-linked-β-l-Araf, 1-linked-α-d-Glcp, 1,3-linked-β-d-GlcpA, 1,4-linked-β-d-Xylp, and 1,3,6-linked-β-d-Manp. Its molecular weight was 5.63 × 106 Da. The hypolipidemic effect and intestinal flora regulation of CPP on diet-induced rats were evaluated through histopathology and biochemistry analyses. CPP could improve plasma and liver lipid metabolism and accelerate the metabolism of the cecal total bile acids and short-chain fatty acids. CPP has also upregulated the adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase α and downregulated the acetyl-CoA carboxylase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, and β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA expressions. Moreover, with the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, it was revealed that the composition of intestinal flora changed drastically after treatment, such as the bloom of Coprococcus_1, Lactobacillus, and Turicibacter, whereas there was a strong reduction of the [Ruminococcus]_gauvreauii_group. The above results illustrated that CPP might be served as an effective ingredient to ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders and intestinal flora in hyperlipidemia rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Zhi Wan
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ai
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510641 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Gao
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ru-Ting Zhong
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition , Ministry of Education , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition , Ministry of Education , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , People's Republic of China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine , University of Macau , Taipa , Macau 999078 , People's Republic of China
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Determination of seven oligosaccharides and sucrose in Pseudostellaria heterophylla by pressurized liquid extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with charged aerosol detector and tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tong AJ, Hu RK, Wu LX, Lv XC, Li X, Zhao LN, Liu B. Ganoderma polysaccharide and chitosan synergistically ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders and modulate gut microbiota composition in high fat diet-fed golden hamsters. J Food Biochem 2019; 44:e13109. [PMID: 31793675 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) and sucrose intake can lead to hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as well as disturbed gastrointestinal microbiota and dysfunctional intestinal barrier. In the present study, we showed that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and chitosan (PC) significantly mitigated the hyperlipidemia in HFD-fed hamsters via lowering the contents of serum total triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Furthermore, PC changed the composition of gastrointestinal microbiota and elevated the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria, such as Prevotella, Oscillibacter, and SCFA-producers. Interestingly, we also found that the abundances of Prevotella, Alloprevotella, Bifidobacterium, and Alistipes were negatively associated with serum lipid profiles. Collectively, the above-mentioned findings indicated that PC could improve lipid metabolic disorders, at least in part, by modulating gastrointestinal microbiota, suggesting that PC could be used as a potential lipid-lowering ingredient in functional foods. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: PC could ameliorate lipid metabolism disorder, at least in part, by regulating specific gut microbiota, suggesting its potential as a novel lipid-lowering ingredient in functional foods. We believed that our findings could be of interest to the readers because they help others further understand the gut microbiota alterations that occurred after PC supplementation in the context of metabolic syndrome (MetS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Jun Tong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Kang Hu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Xiu Wu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Cong Lv
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li-Na Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
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Curdlan ( Alcaligenes faecalis) (1→3)-β-d-Glucan Oligosaccharides Drive M1 Phenotype Polarization in Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages via Activation of MAPKs and NF-κB Pathways. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234251. [PMID: 31766621 PMCID: PMC6930549 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional oligosaccharides, particularly curdlan (1→3)-β-d-glucan oligosaccharides (GOS), play important roles in modulating host immune responses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the immunostimulatory effects of GOS on macrophage polarization are not clear. In this work, GOS (5–1000 µg/mL) were non-toxic to bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with improved pinocytic and bactericidal capacities. Incubation with GOS (100 µg/mL) induced M1 phenotype polarization of BMDMs as evidenced by increased CD11c+/CD86+ (10.1%) and M1 gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin (IL)-1β, and chemokine C-C-motif ligand 2. Accordingly, the secretion of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as the nitrite release of BMDMs were increased by GOS (100 µg/mL). Expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) of phosphorylated (p)-c-Jun amino-terminal kinase, p-extracellular signal regulated kinase, and p-p38 in BMDMs were increased by GOS, as well as the p-Stat1. Moreover, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p-p65 expression in BMDMs was promoted by GOS while it suppressed IκBα expression. Receptor blocking with anti-CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and anti-toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 antibodies diminished GOS induced M1 phenotype polarization with reduced mRNA expression of M1 genes, decreased cytokine and nitrite releases, and suppressed signaling pathway activation. Thus, CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and TLR2 mediated activation of MAPKs and NF-κB pathways are responsible for GOS induced polarization of BMDMs.
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Amorim C, Silvério SC, Prather KL, Rodrigues LR. From lignocellulosic residues to market: Production and commercial potential of xylooligosaccharides. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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