1
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Huan MJ, Fu PP, Chen X, Wang ZX, Ma ZR, Cai SZ, Jiang Q, Wang Q. Identification of the central role of RNA polymerase mitochondrial for angiogenesis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:343. [PMID: 38907279 PMCID: PMC11191269 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01712-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are central to endothelial cell activation and angiogenesis, with the RNA polymerase mitochondrial (POLRMT) serving as a key protein in regulating mitochondrial transcription and oxidative phosphorylation. In our study, we examined the impact of POLRMT on angiogenesis and found that its silencing or knockout (KO) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and other endothelial cells resulted in robust anti-angiogenic effects, impeding cell proliferation, migration, and capillary tube formation. Depletion of POLRMT led to impaired mitochondrial function, characterized by mitochondrial depolarization, oxidative stress, lipid oxidation, DNA damage, and reduced ATP production, along with significant apoptosis activation. Conversely, overexpressing POLRMT promoted angiogenic activity in the endothelial cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated that endothelial knockdown of POLRMT, by intravitreous injection of endothelial specific POLRMT shRNA adeno-associated virus, inhibited retinal angiogenesis. In addition, inhibiting POLRMT with a first-in-class inhibitor IMT1 exerted significant anti-angiogenic impact in vitro and in vivo. Significantly elevated expression of POLRMT was observed in the retinal tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy (DR) mice. POLRMT endothelial knockdown inhibited pathological retinal angiogenesis and mitigated retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration in DR mice. At last, POLRMT expression exhibited a substantial increase in the retinal proliferative membrane tissues of human DR patients. These findings collectively establish the indispensable role of POLRMT in angiogenesis, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jia Huan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ping-Ping Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Zhao-Xia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fengcheng Hospital of Fengxian Distric, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou-Rui Ma
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Cai
- Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Congenital Structural Malformations of Suzhou City, Suzhou, China.
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
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2
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Liu Y, Liu H, Zhang F, Xu H. The initiation of mitochondrial DNA replication. Biochem Soc Trans 2024:BST20230952. [PMID: 38884788 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA replication is initiated by the transcription of mitochondrial RNA polymerase (mtRNAP), as mitochondria lack a dedicated primase. However, the mechanism determining the switch between continuous transcription and premature termination to generate RNA primers for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication remains unclear. The pentatricopeptide repeat domain of mtRNAP exhibits exoribonuclease activity, which is required for the initiation of mtDNA replication in Drosophila. In this review, we explain how this exonuclease activity contributes to primer synthesis in strand-coupled mtDNA replication, and discuss how its regulation might co-ordinate mtDNA replication and transcription in both Drosophila and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Haibin Liu
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, U.S.A
| | - Hong Xu
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, U.S.A
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3
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Wu Z, Song Y, Wang Y, Zhou H, Chen L, Zhan Y, Li T, Xie G, Wu H. Biological role of mitochondrial TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway in central nervous system injury. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4056. [PMID: 38812104 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that central nervous system injury is often accompanied by the activation of Toll-like receptor 4/NF-κB pathway, which leads to the upregulation of proapoptotic gene expression, causes mitochondrial oxidative stress, and further aggravates the inflammatory response to induce cell apoptosis. Subsequent studies have shown that NF-κB and IκBα can directly act on mitochondria. Therefore, elucidation of the specific mechanisms of NF-κB and IκBα in mitochondria may help to discover new therapeutic targets for central nervous system injury. Recent studies have suggested that NF-κB (especially RelA) in mitochondria can inhibit mitochondrial respiration or DNA expression, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. IκBα silencing will cause reactive oxygen species storm and initiate the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Other research results suggest that RelA can regulate mitochondrial respiration and energy metabolism balance by interacting with p53 and STAT3, thus initiating the mitochondrial protection mechanism. IκBα can also inhibit apoptosis in mitochondria by interacting with VDAC1 and other molecules. Regulating the biological role of NF-κB signaling pathway in mitochondria by targeting key proteins such as p53, STAT3, and VDAC1 may help maintain the balance of mitochondrial respiration and energy metabolism, thereby protecting nerve cells and reducing inflammatory storms and death caused by ischemia and hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuochao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center LiHuiLi Hospital, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center LiHuiLi Hospital, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center LiHuiLi Hospital, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Department of Ultrasonic, Cixi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunyun Zhan
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center LiHuiLi Hospital, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Center LiHuiLi Hospital, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guomin Xie
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo Medical Center LiHuiLi Hospital, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo Medical Center LiHuiLi Hospital, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Li Y, Tian L, Li S, Chen X, Lei F, Bao J, Wu Q, Wen Y, Jie Y. Disrupted mitochondrial transcription factor A expression promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and enhances ocular surface inflammation by activating the absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:106-121. [PMID: 38797339 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Severe dry eye disease causes ocular surface damage, which is highly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is essential for packaging mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial function. Herein, we aimed to explore the effect of a decreased TFAM expression on ocular surface damage. METHODS Female C57BL/6 mice were induced ocular surface injury by topical administrating benzalkonium chloride (BAC). Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were stimulated by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) to create oxidative stress damage. HCECs with TFAM knockdown were established. RNA sequencing was employed to analyze the whole-genome expression. Mitochondrial changes were measured by transmission electron microscopy, Seahorse metabolic flux analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mtDNA copy number. TFAM expression and inflammatory cytokines were determined using RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting. RESULTS In both the corneas of BAC-treated mice and t-BHP-induced HCECs, we observed impaired TFAM expression, accompanied by mitochondrial structure and function defects. TFAM downregulation in HCECs suppressed mitochondrial respiratory capacity, reduced mtDNA content, induced mtDNA leakage into the cytoplasm, and led to inflammation. RNA sequencing revealed the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome was activated in the corneas of BAC-treated mice. The AIM2 inflammasome activation was confirmed in TFAM knockdown HCECs. TFAM knockdown in t-BHP-stimulated HCECs aggravated mitochondrial dysfunction and the AIM2 inflammasome activation, thereby further triggering the secretion of inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL) -1β and IL-18. CONCLUSIONS TFAM reduction impaired mitochondrial function, activated AIM2 inflammasome and promoted ocular surface inflammation, revealing an underlying molecular mechanism for ocular surface disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Li
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Lei Tian
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Siyuan Li
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Xiaoniao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Fengyang Lei
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jiayu Bao
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Qianru Wu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Ya Wen
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Ying Jie
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing TongRen Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China.
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5
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Lei T, Rui Y, Xiaoshuang Z, Jinglan Z, Jihong Z. Mitochondria transcription and cancer. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:168. [PMID: 38589371 PMCID: PMC11001877 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01926-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are major organelles involved in several processes related to energy supply, metabolism, and cell proliferation. The mitochondria function is transcriptionally regulated by mitochondria DNA (mtDNA), which encodes the key proteins in the electron transport chain that is indispensable for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Mitochondrial transcriptional abnormalities are closely related to a variety of human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. The mitochondria transcription is regulated by the mtDNA, mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT), two transcription factors (TFAM and TF2BM), one transcription elongation (TEFM), and one known transcription termination factor (mTERFs). Dysregulation of these factors directly leads to altered expression of mtDNA in tumor cells, resulting in cellular metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial dysfunction. This dysregulation plays a role in modulating tumor progression. Therefore, understanding the role of mitochondrial transcription in cancer can have implications for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Targeting mitochondrial transcription or related pathways may provide potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. Additionally, assessing mitochondrial transcriptional profiles or biomarkers in cancer cells or patient samples may offer diagnostic or prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang Lei
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Rui
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhou Xiaoshuang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhang Jinglan
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhang Jihong
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Kunming, China.
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6
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Bruni F. Human mtDNA-Encoded Long ncRNAs: Knotty Molecules and Complex Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1502. [PMID: 38338781 PMCID: PMC10855489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Until a few decades ago, most of our knowledge of RNA transcription products was focused on protein-coding sequences, which were later determined to make up the smallest portion of the mammalian genome. Since 2002, we have learnt a great deal about the intriguing world of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly due to the rapid development of bioinformatic tools and next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms. Moreover, interest in non-human ncRNAs and their functions has increased as a result of these technologies and the accessibility of complete genome sequences of species ranging from Archaea to primates. Despite not producing proteins, ncRNAs constitute a vast family of RNA molecules that serve a number of regulatory roles and are essential for cellular physiology and pathology. This review focuses on a subgroup of human ncRNAs, namely mtDNA-encoded long non-coding RNAs (mt-lncRNAs), which are transcribed from the mitochondrial genome and whose disparate localisations and functions are linked as much to mitochondrial metabolism as to cellular physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bruni
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
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7
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Koller A, Filosi M, Weissensteiner H, Fazzini F, Gorski M, Pattaro C, Schönherr S, Forer L, Herold JM, Stark KJ, Döttelmayer P, Hicks AA, Pramstaller PP, Würzner R, Eckardt KU, Heid IM, Fuchsberger C, Lamina C, Kronenberg F. Nuclear and mitochondrial genetic variants associated with mitochondrial DNA copy number. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2083. [PMID: 38267512 PMCID: PMC10808213 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is a biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction associated with several diseases. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed to unravel underlying mechanisms of mtDNA-CN regulation. However, the identified gene regions explain only a small fraction of mtDNA-CN variability. Most of this data has been estimated from microarrays based on various pipelines. In the present study we aimed to (1) identify genetic loci for qPCR-measured mtDNA-CN from three studies (16,130 participants) using GWAS, (2) identify potential systematic differences between our qPCR derived mtDNA-CN measurements compared to the published microarray intensity-based estimates, and (3) disentangle the nuclear from mitochondrial regulation of the mtDNA-CN phenotype. We identified two genome-wide significant autosomal loci associated with qPCR-measured mtDNA-CN: at HBS1L (rs4895440, p = 3.39 × 10-13) and GSDMA (rs56030650, p = 4.85 × 10-08) genes. Moreover, 113/115 of the previously published SNPs identified by microarray-based analyses were significantly equivalent with our findings. In our study, the mitochondrial genome itself contributed only marginally to mtDNA-CN regulation as we only detected a single rare mitochondrial variant associated with mtDNA-CN. Furthermore, we incorporated mitochondrial haplogroups into our analyses to explore their potential impact on mtDNA-CN. However, our findings indicate that they do not exert any significant influence on our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Koller
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michele Filosi
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Hansi Weissensteiner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Federica Fazzini
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Janina M Herold
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Klaus J Stark
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Döttelmayer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Reinhard Würzner
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- German Chronic Kidney Disease Study, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iris M Heid
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Eurac Research, Institute for Biomedicine, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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8
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Wang Z, Zhou J, Lin L, Hu MH. Discovery of a far-red carbazole-benzoindolium fluorescent ligand that selectively targets mitochondrial DNA and suppresses breast cancer growth. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:116046. [PMID: 38103539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
G-quadruplex (G4) formation was considered to be more prevalent in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of cancer cells compared with normal cells. Stabilization of these G4s may induce mtDNA instability and cause mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent cell death, which may be treated as a new strategy for cancer treatment. However, few ligands were developed to target mtG4s, leaving a huge room to improve. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of carbazole-based ligands, among which, BKN-1 was identified as the most promising mitochondrial targeting fluorescent ligand with far-red emission. Then, we demonstrated that BKN-1 may robustly interact with mtG4s via a variety of biophysical, biological experiments. Subsequently, we proved that BKN-1 may cause mtDNA loss, disrupt mitochondrial integrity, decrease ATP level and trigger unbalanced ROS, thereby leading to apoptosis and autophagy. Finally, we verified that BKN-1 had good anti-tumor activity in both cellular and in vivo models. Altogether, this study provided a dual-function ligand that may not only track the formation of mtG4s but also induce mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be developed into an applicable chemical tool for investigating the structure and function of mtG4s, and moreover, an effective therapeutic agent for cancer interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wang
- Nation-Regional Engineering Lab for Synthetic Biology of Medicine, International Cancer Center, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jianghong Zhou
- Nation-Regional Engineering Lab for Synthetic Biology of Medicine, International Cancer Center, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Long Lin
- Nation-Regional Engineering Lab for Synthetic Biology of Medicine, International Cancer Center, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ming-Hao Hu
- Nation-Regional Engineering Lab for Synthetic Biology of Medicine, International Cancer Center, School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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9
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Xu Z, Lee MC, Sheehan K, Fujii K, Rabl K, Rader G, Varney S, Sharma M, Eilers H, Kober K, Miaskowski C, Levine JD, Schumacher MA. Chemotherapy for pain: reversing inflammatory and neuropathic pain with the anticancer agent mithramycin A. Pain 2024; 165:54-74. [PMID: 37366593 PMCID: PMC10723648 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The persistence of inflammatory and neuropathic pain is poorly understood. We investigated a novel therapeutic paradigm by targeting gene networks that sustain or reverse persistent pain states. Our prior observations found that Sp1-like transcription factors drive the expression of TRPV1, a pain receptor, that is blocked in vitro by mithramycin A (MTM), an inhibitor of Sp1-like factors. Here, we investigate the ability of MTM to reverse in vivo models of inflammatory and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) pain and explore MTM's underlying mechanisms. Mithramycin reversed inflammatory heat hyperalgesia induced by complete Freund adjuvant and cisplatin-induced heat and mechanical hypersensitivity. In addition, MTM reversed both short-term and long-term (1 month) oxaliplatin-induced mechanical and cold hypersensitivity, without the rescue of intraepidermal nerve fiber loss. Mithramycin reversed oxaliplatin-induced cold hypersensitivity and oxaliplatin-induced TRPM8 overexpression in dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Evidence across multiple transcriptomic profiling approaches suggest that MTM reverses inflammatory and neuropathic pain through broad transcriptional and alternative splicing regulatory actions. Mithramycin-dependent changes in gene expression following oxaliplatin treatment were largely opposite to and rarely overlapped with changes in gene expression induced by oxaliplatin alone. Notably, RNAseq analysis revealed MTM rescue of oxaliplatin-induced dysregulation of mitochondrial electron transport chain genes that correlated with in vivo reversal of excess reactive oxygen species in DRG neurons. This finding suggests that the mechanism(s) driving persistent pain states such as CIPN are not fixed but are sustained by ongoing modifiable transcription-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyun Xu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Man-Cheung Lee
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kayla Sheehan
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Keisuke Fujii
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Katalin Rabl
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Gabriella Rader
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Scarlett Varney
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Manohar Sharma
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Helge Eilers
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kord Kober
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jon D. Levine
- Division of Neuroscience, Departments of Medicine and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mark A. Schumacher
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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10
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Gomes-dos-Santos A, Vilas-Arrondo N, Machado AM, Román-Marcote E, Del Río Iglesias JL, Baldó F, Pérez M, Fonseca MM, Castro LFC, Froufe E. Mitochondrial replication's role in vertebrate mtDNA strand asymmetry. Open Biol 2023; 13:230181. [PMID: 38113934 PMCID: PMC10730292 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogenomes are defined as compact and structurally stable over aeons. This perception results from a vertebrate-centric vision, where few types of mtDNA rearrangements are described. Here, we bring a new light to the involvement of mitochondrial replication in the strand asymmetry of the vertebrate mtDNA. Using several species of deep-sea hatchetfish (Sternoptychidae) displaying distinct mtDNA structural arrangements, we unravel the inversion of the coding direction of protein-coding genes (PCGs). This unexpected change is coupled with a strand asymmetry nucleotide composition reversal and is shown to be directly related to the strand location of the Control Region (CR). An analysis of the fourfold redundant sites of the PCGs (greater than 6000 vertebrates), revealed the rarity of this phenomenon, found in nine fish species (five deep-sea hatchetfish). Curiously, in Antarctic notothenioid fishes (Trematominae), where a single PCG inversion (the only other record in fish) is coupled with the inversion of the CR, the standard asymmetry is disrupted for the remaining PCGs but not yet reversed, suggesting a transitory state. Our results hint that a relaxation of the classic vertebrate mitochondrial structural stasis promotes disruption of the natural balance of asymmetry of the mtDNA. These findings support the long-lasting hypothesis that replication is the main molecular mechanism promoting the strand-specific compositional bias of this unique and indispensable molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Gomes-dos-Santos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Nair Vilas-Arrondo
- Programa de Doctorado ‘Ciencias marinas, Tecnología y Gestión’ (Do*MAR), Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo (COV), Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro, 50, Vigo (Pontevedra), 36390, Spain
| | - André M. Machado
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Esther Román-Marcote
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo (COV), Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro, 50, Vigo (Pontevedra), 36390, Spain
| | - Jose Luís Del Río Iglesias
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo (COV), Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro, 50, Vigo (Pontevedra), 36390, Spain
| | - Francisco Baldó
- Centro Oceanográfico de Cádiz (COCAD), Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Puerto Pesquero, Muelle de Levante s/n, Cádiz, 11006, Spain
| | - Montse Pérez
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo (COV), Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Subida a Radio Faro, 50, Vigo (Pontevedra), 36390, Spain
| | - Miguel M. Fonseca
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - L. Filipe C. Castro
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elsa Froufe
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
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11
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Zhu X, Zhong Z, Meng F, Zou P, You Y, Li Q, Zhu X. CD26 CAR-T cells have attenuated mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolic profiling. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:709-718. [PMID: 37382435 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2231632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple targets of chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) are shared expressed by tumor cells and T cells, these self-antigens may stimulate CAR-T cells continuously during the expansion. Persistent exposure to antigens is considered to cause metabolic reprogramming of T cells and the metabolic profiling is critical in determining the cell fate and effector function of CAR-T cells. However, whether the stimulation of self-antigens during CAR-T cell generation could remodel the metabolic profiling is unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate the metabolic characteristics of CD26 CAR-T cells, which expressed CD26 antigens themselves. METHODS The mitochondrial biogenesis of CD26 and CD19 CAR-T cells during expansion was evaluated by the mitochondrial content, mitochondrial DNA copy numbers and genes involved in mitochondrial regulation. The metabolic profiling was investigated by the ATP production, mitochondrial quality and the expression of metabolism-related genes. Furthermore, we assessed the phenotypes of CAR-T cells through memory-related markers. RESULTS We reported that CD26 CAR-T cells had elevated mitochondrial biogenesis, ATP production and oxidative phosphorylation at early expansion stage. However, the mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial quality, oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic activity were all weakened at later expansion stage. On the contrary, CD19 CAR-T cells did not exhibit such characteristics. CONCLUSION CD26 CAR-T cells showed distinctive metabolic profiling during expansion that was extremely unfavorable to cell persistence and function. These findings may provide new insights for the optimization of CD26 CAR-T cells in terms of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhaodong Zhong
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fankai Meng
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Zou
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong You
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Hematology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Wang Z, Zhou K, Yuan Q, Chen D, Hu X, Xie F, Liu Y, Xing J. A High-Efficiency Capture-Based NGS Approach for Comprehensive Analysis of Mitochondrial Transcriptome. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17046-17053. [PMID: 37937716 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The transcription of the mitochondrial genome is pivotal for maintenance of mitochondrial functions, and the deregulated mitochondrial transcriptome contributes to various pathological changes. Despite substantial progress having been achieved in uncovering the transcriptional complexity of the nuclear transcriptome, many unknowns and controversies remain for the mitochondrial transcriptome, partially owing to the lack of a highly efficient mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) sequencing and analysis approach. Here, we first comprehensively evaluated the influence of essential experimental protocols, including strand-specific library construction, two RNA enrichment strategies, and optimal rRNA depletion, on accurately profiling mitochondrial transcriptome in whole-transcriptome sequencing (WTS) data. Based on these insights, we developed a highly efficient approach specifically suitable for targeted sequencing of whole mitochondrial transcriptome, termed capture-based mtRNA seq (CAP), in which strand-specific library construction and optimal rRNA depletion were applied. Compared with WTS, CAP has a great decrease of required data volume without affecting the sensitivity and accuracy of detection. In addition, CAP also characterized the unannotated mt-tRNA transcripts whose expression levels are below the detection limits of conventional WTS. As a proof-of-concept characterization of mtRNAs, the transcription initiation sites and mtRNA cleavage ratio were accurately identified in CAP data. Moreover, CAP had very reliable performance in plasma and single-cell samples, highlighting its wide application. Altogether, the present study has established a highly efficient pipeline for targeted sequencing of mtRNAs, which may pave the way toward functional annotation of mtRNAs and mtRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an710032, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an710032, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an710072, China
| | - Dongbo Chen
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an710072, China
| | - Xi'e Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an710038, China
| | - Fanfan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an710032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Jinliang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an710032, China
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13
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Ling MK, Yap NWL, Iesa IB, Yip ZT, Huang D, Quek ZBR. Revisiting mitogenome evolution in Medusozoa with eight new mitochondrial genomes. iScience 2023; 26:108252. [PMID: 37965150 PMCID: PMC10641506 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogenomics has improved our understanding of medusozoan phylogeny. However, sequenced medusozoan mitogenomes remain scarce, and Medusozoa phylogeny studies often analyze mitogenomic sequences without incorporating mitogenome rearrangements. To better understand medusozoan evolution, we analyzed Medusozoa mitogenome phylogeny by sequencing and assembling eight mitogenomes from three classes (Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, and Scyphozoa). We reconstructed the mitogenome phylogeny using these mitogenomes and 84 other existing cnidarian mitogenomes to study mitochondrial gene rearrangements. All reconstructed mitogenomes had 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes and two ribosomal genes typical for Medusozoa. Non-cubozoan mitogenomes were all linear and had typical gene orders, while arrangement of genes in the fragmented Cubozoa (Morbakka sp.) mitogenome differed from other Cubozoa mitogenomes. Gene order comparisons and ancestral state reconstruction suggest minimal rearrangements within medusozoan classes except for Hydrozoa. Our findings support a staurozoan ancestral medusozoan gene order, expand the pool of available medusozoan mitogenomes, and enhance our understanding of medusozoan phylogenetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kang Ling
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Wei Liang Yap
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore
- St. John’s Island National Marine Laboratory, c/o Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore
| | - Iffah Binte Iesa
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, Singapore
| | - Zhi Ting Yip
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Danwei Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, Singapore
| | - Zheng Bin Randolph Quek
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138527, Singapore
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14
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Yamashita N, Withers H, Morimoto Y, Bhattacharya A, Haratake N, Daimon T, Fushimi A, Nakashoji A, Thorner AR, Isenhart E, Rosario S, Long MD, Kufe D. MUC1-C integrates aerobic glycolysis with suppression of oxidative phosphorylation in triple-negative breast cancer stem cells. iScience 2023; 26:108168. [PMID: 37915591 PMCID: PMC10616323 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the MUC1-C protein promotes lineage plasticity, epigenetic reprogramming, and the cancer stem cell (CSC) state. The present studies performed on enriched populations of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) CSCs demonstrate that MUC1-C is essential for integrating activation of glycolytic pathway genes with self-renewal and tumorigenicity. MUC1-C further integrates the glycolytic pathway with suppression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes encoding components of mitochondrial Complexes I-V. The repression of mtDNA genes is explained by MUC1-C-mediated (i) downregulation of the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) required for mtDNA transcription and (ii) induction of the mitochondrial transcription termination factor 3 (mTERF3). In support of pathogenesis that suppresses mitochondrial ROS production, targeting MUC1-C increases (i) mtDNA gene transcription, (ii) superoxide levels, and (iii) loss of self-renewal capacity. These findings and scRNA-seq analysis of CSC subpopulations indicate that MUC1-C regulates self-renewal and redox balance by integrating activation of glycolysis with suppression of oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Yamashita
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henry Withers
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Naoki Haratake
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayako Nakashoji
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron R. Thorner
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Isenhart
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Spencer Rosario
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Huang J, Ji X. Never a dull enzyme, RNA polymerase II. Transcription 2023; 14:49-67. [PMID: 37132022 PMCID: PMC10353340 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2023.2208023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is composed of 12 subunits that collaborate to synthesize mRNA within the nucleus. Pol II is widely recognized as a passive holoenzyme, with the molecular functions of its subunits largely ignored. Recent studies employing auxin-inducible degron (AID) and multi-omics techniques have revealed that the functional diversity of Pol II is achieved through the differential contributions of its subunits to various transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. By regulating these processes in a coordinated manner through its subunits, Pol II can optimize its activity for diverse biological functions. Here, we review recent progress in understanding Pol II subunits and their dysregulation in diseases, Pol II heterogeneity, Pol II clusters and the regulatory roles of RNA polymerases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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16
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Echavarria R, Cardona-Muñoz EG, Ortiz-Lazareno P, Andrade-Sierra J, Gómez-Hermosillo LF, Casillas-Moreno J, Campos-Bayardo TI, Román-Rojas D, García-Sánchez A, Miranda-Díaz AG. The Role of the Oxidative State and Innate Immunity Mediated by TLR7 and TLR9 in Lupus Nephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15234. [PMID: 37894915 PMCID: PMC10607473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is considered one of the leading causes of mortality. Multiple immunological pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, which makes it imperative to deepen our knowledge about this disease's immune-pathological complexity and explore new therapeutic targets. Since an altered redox state contributes to immune system dysregulation, this document briefly addresses the roles of oxidative stress (OS), oxidative DNA damage, antioxidant enzymes, mitochondrial function, and mitophagy in SLE and LN. Although adaptive immunity's participation in the development of autoimmunity is undeniable, increasing data emphasize the importance of innate immunity elements, particularly the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize nucleic acid ligands, in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here, we discuss the intriguing roles of TLR7 and TLR9 in developing SLE and LN. Also included are the essential characteristics of conventional treatments and some other novel and little-explored alternatives that offer options to improve renal function in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Echavarria
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.E.); (P.O.-L.)
- Investigadores por México, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Germán Cardona-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Pablo Ortiz-Lazareno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (R.E.); (P.O.-L.)
| | - Jorge Andrade-Sierra
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Luis Francisco Gómez-Hermosillo
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Jorge Casillas-Moreno
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Tannia Isabel Campos-Bayardo
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Daniel Román-Rojas
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Andrés García-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44360, Mexico; (E.G.C.-M.); (J.A.-S.); (L.F.G.-H.); (J.C.-M.); (T.I.C.-B.); (D.R.-R.); (A.G.-S.)
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17
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Li Y, Sundquist K, Vats S, Hong MG, Wang X, Chen Y, Hedelius A, Saal LH, Sundquist J, Memon AA. Mitochondrial heteroplasmic shifts reveal a positive selection of breast cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:696. [PMID: 37798736 PMCID: PMC10557196 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is, despite screening, not always detected early enough and is together with other tumor types known to shed genetic information in circulation. Unlike single-copy nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies range from 100s to 10,000s per cell, thus providing a potentially alternative to identify potential missing cancer information in circulation at an early stage. METHODS To characterize mitochondrial mutation landscapes in breast cancer, whole mtDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were performed on 86 breast cancer biopsies and 50 available matched baseline cancer-free whole blood samples from the same individuals, selected from a cohort of middle-aged women in Sweden. To determine whether the mutations can be detected in blood plasma prior to cancer diagnosis, we further designed a nested case-control study (n = 663) and validated the shortlisted mutations using droplet digital PCR. RESULTS We detected different mutation landscapes between biopsies and matched whole blood samples. Compared to whole blood samples, mtDNA from biopsies had higher heteroplasmic mutations in the D-loop region (P = 0.02), RNR2 (P = 0.005), COX1 (P = 0.037) and CYTB (P = 0.006). Furthermore, the germline mtDNA mutations had higher heteroplasmy level than the lost (P = 0.002) and de novo mutations (P = 0.04). The nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution ratio (dN/dS) was higher for the heteroplasmic mutations (P = 7.25 × 10-12) than that for the homoplasmic mutations, but the de novo (P = 0.06) and lost mutations (P = 0.03) had lower dN/dS than the germline mutations. Interestingly, we found that the critical regions for mitochondrial transcription: MT-HSP1 (odds ratio [OR]: 21.41), MT-TFH (OR: 7.70) and MT-TAS2 (OR: 3.62), had significantly higher heteroplasmic mutations than the rest of the D-loop sub-regions. Finally, we found that the presence of mt.16093T > C mutation increases 67% risk of developing breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that mitochondrial genetic landscape changes during cancer pathogenesis and positive selection of mtDNA heteroplasmic mutations in breast cancer. Most importantly, the mitochondrial mutations identified in biopsies can be traced back in matched plasma samples and could potentially be used as early breast cancer diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Li
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden.
- Center for Primary Health Care Research Wallenberg Laboratory, Skåne University Hospital, 5th floor, Inga Marie Nilssons gata 53, S-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Functional Pathology, Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Sakshi Vats
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mun-Gwan Hong
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Xiao Wang
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yilun Chen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Hedelius
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lao H Saal
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Functional Pathology, Center for Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), School of Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Ashfaque A Memon
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
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18
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Zhu Z, Gong M, Gong W, Wang B, Li C, Hou Q, Guo H, Chai J, Guan J, Jia Y. SHF confers radioresistance in colorectal cancer by the regulation of mitochondrial DNA copy number. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:2457-2471. [PMID: 36527512 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00969-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Altered mitochondrial function contributes greatly to pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer. In this study, we report a functional pool of Src homology 2 domain-containing F (SHF) in mitochondria controlling the response of colorectal cancer cells to radiation therapy. We found that elevated expression of SHF in cancer cells is essential for promoting mitochondrial function by increasing mitochondrial DNA copy number, thus reducing the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to radiation. Mechanistically, SHF binds to mitochondrial DNA and promotes POLG/SSBP1-mediated mitochondrial DNA synthesis. Importantly, SHF loss-mediated radiosensitization was phenocopied by depletion of mitochondrial DNA. Thus, our data demonstrate that mitochondrial SHF is an important regulator of radioresistance in colorectal cancer cells, identifying SHF as a promising therapeutic target to enhance radiotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Ward II, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Meihua Gong
- Thoracic Surgery Ward II, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Weipeng Gong
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Ward II, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bishi Wang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Ward II, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Changhao Li
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Ward II, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qingsheng Hou
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Ward II, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hongliang Guo
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Ward II, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Chai
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Ward I, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Guan
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Ward II, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
| | - Yanhan Jia
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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19
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Lees J, Pèrtille F, Løtvedt P, Jensen P, Bosagna CG. The mitoepigenome responds to stress, suggesting novel mito-nuclear interactions in vertebrates. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:561. [PMID: 37736707 PMCID: PMC10515078 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondria are central in the cellular response to changing environmental conditions resulting from disease states, environmental exposures or normal physiological processes. Although the influences of environmental stressors upon the nuclear epigenome are well characterized, the existence and role of the mitochondrial epigenome remains contentious. Here, by quantifying the mitochondrial epigenomic response of pineal gland cells to circadian stress, we confirm the presence of extensive cytosine methylation within the mitochondrial genome. Furthermore, we identify distinct epigenetically plastic regions (mtDMRs) which vary in cytosinic methylation, primarily in a non CpG context, in response to stress and in a sex-specific manner. Motifs enriched in mtDMRs contain recognition sites for nuclear-derived DNA-binding factors (ATF4, HNF4A) important in the cellular metabolic stress response, which we found to be conserved across diverse vertebrate taxa. Together, these findings suggest a new layer of mito-nuclear interaction in which the nuclear metabolic stress response could alter mitochondrial transcriptional dynamics through the binding of nuclear-derived transcription factors in a methylation-dependent context.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Lees
- Evolutionsbiologiskt Centrum (EBC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75236, Sweden
| | - Fábio Pèrtille
- Evolutionsbiologiskt Centrum (EBC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, 75236, Sweden
| | - Pia Løtvedt
- Institutionen För Fysik, Kemi Och Biologi (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, 58330, Sweden
| | - Per Jensen
- Institutionen För Fysik, Kemi Och Biologi (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, 58330, Sweden
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20
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Zhu W, Huang H, Ming W, Zhang R, Gu Y, Bai Y, Liu X, Liu H, Liu Y, Gu W, Sun X. Delineating highly transcribed noncoding elements landscape in breast cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4432-4445. [PMID: 37731598 PMCID: PMC10507584 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly transcribed noncoding elements (HTNEs) are critical noncoding elements with high levels of transcriptional capacity in particular cohorts involved in multiple cellular biological processes. Investigation of HTNEs with persistent aberrant expression in abnormal tissues could be of benefit in exploring their roles in disease occurrence and progression. Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease for which early screening and prognosis are exceedingly crucial. In this study, we developed a HTNE identification framework to systematically investigate HTNE landscapes in breast cancer patients and identified over ten thousand HTNEs. The robustness and rationality of our framework were demonstrated via public datasets. We revealed that HTNEs had significant chromatin characteristics of enhancers and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and were significantly enriched with RNA-binding proteins as well as targeted by miRNAs. Further, HTNE-associated genes were significantly overexpressed and exhibited strong correlations with breast cancer. Ultimately, we explored the subtype-specific transcriptional processes associated with HTNEs and uncovered the HTNE signatures that could classify breast cancer subtypes based on the properties of hormone receptors. Our results highlight that the identified HTNEs as well as their associated genes play crucial roles in breast cancer progression and correlate with subtype-specific transcriptional processes of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlong Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongde Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Information, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wanjun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Avolio R, Agliarulo I, Criscuolo D, Sarnataro D, Auriemma M, De Lella S, Pennacchio S, Calice G, Ng MY, Giorgi C, Pinton P, Cooperman BS, Landriscina M, Esposito F, Matassa DS. Cytosolic and mitochondrial translation elongation are coordinated through the molecular chaperone TRAP1 for the synthesis and import of mitochondrial proteins. Genome Res 2023; 33:1242-1257. [PMID: 37487647 PMCID: PMC10547376 DOI: 10.1101/gr.277755.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
A complex interplay between mRNA translation and cellular respiration has been recently unveiled, but its regulation in humans is poorly characterized in either health or disease. Cancer cells radically reshape both biosynthetic and bioenergetic pathways to sustain their aberrant growth rates. In this regard, we have shown that the molecular chaperone TRAP1 not only regulates the activity of respiratory complexes, behaving alternatively as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor, but also plays a concomitant moonlighting function in mRNA translation regulation. Herein, we identify the molecular mechanisms involved, showing that TRAP1 (1) binds both mitochondrial and cytosolic ribosomes, as well as translation elongation factors; (2) slows down translation elongation rate; and (3) favors localized translation in the proximity of mitochondria. We also provide evidence that TRAP1 is coexpressed in human tissues with the mitochondrial translational machinery, which is responsible for the synthesis of respiratory complex proteins. Altogether, our results show an unprecedented level of complexity in the regulation of cancer cell metabolism, strongly suggesting the existence of a tight feedback loop between protein synthesis and energy metabolism, based on the demonstration that a single molecular chaperone plays a role in both mitochondrial and cytosolic translation, as well as in mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Avolio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Ilenia Agliarulo
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore"-IEOS, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Daniela Criscuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Margherita Auriemma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Sabrina De Lella
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Sara Pennacchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture 85028, Italy
| | - Martin Y Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Barry S Cooperman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore"-IEOS, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Naples 80131, Italy
- Department Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy;
| | - Danilo Swann Matassa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy;
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22
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Xing X, Liang Y, Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Li Z, Li Z, Wu Z. Fisetin Delays Postovulatory Oocyte Aging by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Function through Sirt1 Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:5533. [PMID: 37513404 PMCID: PMC10384696 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The quality of oocytes determines the development potential of an embryo and is dependent on their timely fertilization after ovulation. Postovulatory oocyte aging is an inevitable factor during some assisted reproduction technology procedures, which results in poor fertilization rates and impairs embryo development. We found that fisetin, a bioactive flavonol contained in fruits and vegetables, delayed postovulatory oocyte aging in mice. Fisetin improved the development of aged oocytes after fertilization and inhibited the Sirt1 reduction in aged oocytes. Fisetin increased the GSH level and Sod2 transcription level to inhibit ROS accumulation in aged oocytes. Meanwhile, fisetin attenuated aging-induced spindle abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. At the molecular level, fisetin decreased aging-induced aberrant expression of H3K9me3. In addition, fisetin increased the expression levels of the mitochondrial transcription factor Tfam and the mitochondrial genes Co2 and Atp8 by upregulating Sirt1 in aged oocytes. Finally, inhibition of Sirt1 reversed the anti-aging effects of fisetin. Taken together, fisetin delayed postovulatory oocyte aging by upregulating Sirt1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Xing
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Gene Bank of GuangDong Local Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yalin Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Gene Bank of GuangDong Local Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Gene Bank of GuangDong Local Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yaolu Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Gene Bank of GuangDong Local Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuxing Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Gene Bank of GuangDong Local Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zheng Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Gene Bank of GuangDong Local Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zicong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Gene Bank of GuangDong Local Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Gene Bank of GuangDong Local Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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23
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Giosa D, Lombardo D, Musolino C, Chines V, Raffa G, Casuscelli di Tocco F, D'Aliberti D, Caminiti G, Saitta C, Alibrandi A, Aiese Cigliano R, Romeo O, Navarra G, Raimondo G, Pollicino T. Mitochondrial DNA is a target of HBV integration. Commun Biol 2023; 6:684. [PMID: 37400627 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) may integrate into the genome of infected cells and contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the role of HBV integration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development remains unclear. In this study, we apply a high-throughput HBV integration sequencing approach that allows sensitive identification of HBV integration sites and enumeration of integration clones. We identify 3339 HBV integration sites in paired tumour and non-tumour tissue samples from 7 patients with HCC. We detect 2107 clonally expanded integrations (1817 in tumour and 290 in non-tumour tissues), and a significant enrichment of clonal HBV integrations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) preferentially occurring in the oxidative phosphorylation genes (OXPHOS) and D-loop region. We also find that HBV RNA sequences are imported into the mitochondria of hepatoma cells with the involvement of polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPASE), and that HBV RNA might have a role in the process of HBV integration into mtDNA. Our results suggest a potential mechanism by which HBV integration may contribute to HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Giosa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daniele Lombardo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Musolino
- Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Human Pathology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria Chines
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Raffa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Casuscelli di Tocco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Deborah D'Aliberti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caminiti
- Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carlo Saitta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Orazio Romeo
- Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Navarra
- Department of Human Pathology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Raimondo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Teresa Pollicino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy.
- Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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24
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Huang Y, Qian Y, Xing Y, Pei Y, Zhang B, Li T, Pan X, Zhong A, Du J, Zhou T, Shi M. POLRMT over-expression is linked to WNT/beta-catenin signaling, immune infiltration, and unfavorable outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Cancer Med 2023; 12:15691-15703. [PMID: 37283308 PMCID: PMC10417304 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT) is essential for the expression of mitochondrial genes. In recent studies, POLRMT expression promoted non-small cell cancer cell proliferation in cell lines and xenografts. The present study investigated the impact of POLRMT expression and function on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. METHOD Multi-omics data (genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics) from publicly available databases were used to assess the role of POLRMT expression and function in LUAD. These findings were further verified using cancer tissues from clinical samples. RESULTS POLRMT was over-expressed in LUADs, with mutation frequencies ranging from 1.30% to 5.71%. Over-expression of POLRMT was associated with an abnormal clinicopathological condition resulting in a decreased lifespan. Furthermore, gene sets enrich analysis revealed that POLRMT expression was linked to WNT/beta-catenin signaling; the expression of downstream target genes was positively correlated with POLRMT expression. Also, POLRMT expression was positively correlated with immunosuppressive genes, thereby affecting immune infiltration. CONCLUSION POLRMT is over-expressed in LUAD, thereby impacting patient survival. It is also involved in WNT/beta-catenin signaling and may affect tumor infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yajuan Qian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yufei Xing
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yongjian Pei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Beilei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Xue Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Anyuan Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Minhua Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
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25
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Bhuiyan SH, Bordet G, Bamgbose G, Tulin AV. The Drosophila gene encoding JIG protein (CG14850) is critical for CrebA nuclear trafficking during development. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:5647-5660. [PMID: 37144466 PMCID: PMC10287909 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordination of mitochondrial and nuclear processes is key to the cellular health; however, very little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating nuclear-mitochondrial crosstalk. Here, we report a novel molecular mechanism controlling the shuttling of CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) protein complex between mitochondria and nucleoplasm. We show that a previously unknown protein, herein termed as Jig, functions as a tissue-specific and developmental timing-specific coregulator in the CREB pathway. Our results demonstrate that Jig shuttles between mitochondria and nucleoplasm, interacts with CrebA protein and controls its delivery to the nucleus, thus triggering CREB-dependent transcription in nuclear chromatin and mitochondria. Ablating the expression of Jig prevents CrebA from localizing to the nucleoplasm, affecting mitochondrial functioning and morphology and leads to Drosophila developmental arrest at the early third instar larval stage. Together, these results implicate Jig as an essential mediator of nuclear and mitochondrial processes. We also found that Jig belongs to a family of nine similar proteins, each of which has its own tissue- and time-specific expression profile. Thus, our results are the first to describe the molecular mechanism regulating nuclear and mitochondrial processes in a tissue- and time-specific manner.
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26
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Devarajan K, Sivakalai M, Basu SM, Biswas C, Chauhan M, Hasan U, Panneerselvam Y, Narayanan UM, Raavi SSK, Giri J, Panda TK. Design and synthesis of photostable triphenylamine based neutral AIE nano luminogens: specific and long-term tracking of mitochondria in cells. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:3938-3951. [PMID: 37093244 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing dependence on fluorescence bioimaging, luminogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties have gained significant attention due to their excellent photostabilization, minimal photobleaching, high reliability, and superior biocompatibility. Since mitochondria are crucial subcellular organelles in eukaryotic cells with important biological functions, organelle-specific AIE emitters with distinct functions have been highly sought after, but with limited success using simple synthetic methods. Here, we describe a strategy for synthesizing two triphenylamine (TPA) based acrylonitriles, tethered to different donor groups, TPA and phenothiazine (PTZ), respectively, with superior AIE properties using Suzuki coupling. We conducted a systematic and detailed experimental analysis of the structural characteristics of both AIE luminogens, which exhibited excellent photostability, a large Stokes shift, and bright solid-state emission. A cell viability study carried out with F1 and F2 dyes revealed that both luminogens exhibited excellent biocompatibility. Based on fluorescence experiments, F2 displayed excellent AIE characteristics, permeability, biocompatibility, and photostability compared to rhodamine 123, allowing it to selectively stain and track mitochondria in cancer cells over an extended period of time. The Pearson correlation coefficient of F2 and rhodamine 123 was estimated to have an r-value of 0.99. Our findings are expected to provide insight into the synthesis of an extensive archive of AIE-based acrylonitriles with fascinating properties for mitochondrial staining.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mayakrishnan Sivakalai
- Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India.
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology (NEIST), Branch Laboratory, Imphal-795004, Manipur, India
| | - Suparna Mercy Basu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Chinmoy Biswas
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, 502 285, India.
| | - Meenakshi Chauhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Uzma Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Yuvaraj Panneerselvam
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology (NEIST), Branch Laboratory, Imphal-795004, Manipur, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Narayanan
- Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India.
| | | | - Jyotsnendu Giri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, 502285, India.
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27
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Yoon J, Ku D, Lee M, Lee N, Im SG, Kim Y. Resveratrol Attenuates the Mitochondrial RNA-Mediated Cellular Response to Immunogenic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087403. [PMID: 37108567 PMCID: PMC10138523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mitochondria contain a circular genome that encodes 13 subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system. In addition to their role as powerhouses of the cells, mitochondria are also involved in innate immunity as the mitochondrial genome generates long double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that can activate the dsRNA-sensing pattern recognition receptors. Recent evidence shows that these mitochondrial dsRNAs (mt-dsRNAs) are closely associated with the pathogenesis of human diseases that accompany inflammation and aberrant immune activation, such as Huntington's disease, osteoarthritis, and autoimmune Sjögren's syndrome. Yet, small chemicals that can protect cells from a mt-dsRNA-mediated immune response remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigate the potential of resveratrol (RES), a plant-derived polyphenol with antioxidant properties, on suppressing mt-dsRNA-mediated immune activation. We show that RES can revert the downstream response to immunogenic stressors that elevate mitochondrial RNA expressions, such as stimulation by exogenous dsRNAs or inhibition of ATP synthase. Through high-throughput sequencing, we find that RES can regulate mt-dsRNA expression, interferon response, and other cellular responses induced by these stressors. Notably, RES treatment fails to counter the effect of an endoplasmic reticulum stressor that does not affect the expression of mitochondrial RNAs. Overall, our study demonstrates the potential usage of RES to alleviate the mt-dsRNA-mediated immunogenic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeong Ku
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Namseok Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for NanoCentury (KINC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for BioCentury (KIB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- BioProcess Engineering Research Center and BioInformatics Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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28
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Witte S, Boshnakovska A, Özdemir M, Chowdhury A, Rehling P, Aich A. Defective COX1 expression in aging mice liver. Biol Open 2023; 12:292575. [PMID: 36861685 PMCID: PMC10003073 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial defects are associated with aging processes and age-related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In addition, some recent studies suggest mild mitochondrial dysfunctions appear to be associated with longer lifespans. In this context, liver tissue is considered to be largely resilient to aging and mitochondrial dysfunction. Yet, in recent years studies report dysregulation of mitochondrial function and nutrient sensing pathways in ageing livers. Therefore, we analyzed the effects of the aging process on mitochondrial gene expression in liver using wildtype C57BL/6N mice. In our analyses, we observed alteration in mitochondrial energy metabolism with age. To assess if defects in mitochondrial gene expression are linked to this decline, we applied a Nanopore sequencing based approach for mitochondrial transcriptomics. Our analyses show that a decrease of the Cox1 transcript correlates with reduced respiratory complex IV activity in older mice livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Witte
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37073, Germany
| | - Angela Boshnakovska
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37073, Germany
| | - Metin Özdemir
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37073, Germany
| | - Arpita Chowdhury
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37073, Germany
| | - Peter Rehling
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37073, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37075, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Translational Neuroinflammation and Automated Microscopy, Göttingen, 37075, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Abhishek Aich
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, 37073, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
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Ren B, Guan MX, Zhou T, Cai X, Shan G. Emerging functions of mitochondria-encoded noncoding RNAs. Trends Genet 2023; 39:125-139. [PMID: 36137834 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria, organelles that harbor their own circular genomes, are critical for energy production and homeostasis maintenance in eukaryotic cells. Recent studies discovered hundreds of mitochondria-encoded noncoding RNAs (mt-ncRNAs), including novel subtypes of mitochondria-encoded circular RNAs (mecciRNAs) and mitochondria-encoded double-stranded RNAs (mt-dsRNAs). Here, we discuss the emerging field of mt-ncRNAs by reviewing their expression patterns, biogenesis, metabolism, regulatory roles, and functional mechanisms. Many mt-ncRNAs have regulatory roles in cellular physiology, and some are associated with, or even act as, causal factors in human diseases. We also highlight developments in technologies and methodologies and further insights into future perspectives and challenges in studying these noncoding RNAs, as well as their potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Ren
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Disease, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Min-Xin Guan
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Genetic and Developmental Disorder, Institute of Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Cell Biology and Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Ge Shan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Disease, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
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Shtolz N, Mishmar D. The metazoan landscape of mitochondrial DNA gene order and content is shaped by selection and affects mitochondrial transcription. Commun Biol 2023; 6:93. [PMID: 36690686 PMCID: PMC9871016 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04471-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) harbors essential genes in most metazoans, yet the regulatory impact of the multiple evolutionary mtDNA rearrangements has been overlooked. Here, by analyzing mtDNAs from ~8000 metazoans we found high gene content conservation (especially of protein and rRNA genes), and codon preferences for mtDNA-encoded tRNAs across most metazoans. In contrast, mtDNA gene order (MGO) was selectively constrained within but not between phyla, yet certain gene stretches (ATP8-ATP6, ND4-ND4L) were highly conserved across metazoans. Since certain metazoans with different MGOs diverge in mtDNA transcription, we hypothesized that evolutionary mtDNA rearrangements affected mtDNA transcriptional patterns. As a first step to test this hypothesis, we analyzed available RNA-seq data from 53 metazoans. Since polycistron mtDNA transcripts constitute a small fraction of the steady-state RNA, we enriched for polycistronic boundaries by calculating RNA-seq read densities across junctions between gene couples encoded either by the same strand (SSJ) or by different strands (DSJ). We found that organisms whose mtDNA is organized in alternating reverse-strand/forward-strand gene blocks (mostly arthropods), displayed significantly reduced DSJ read counts, in contrast to organisms whose mtDNA genes are preferentially encoded by one strand (all chordates). Our findings suggest that mtDNA rearrangements are selectively constrained and likely impact mtDNA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Shtolz
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Dan Mishmar
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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31
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Xu S, Duan Y, Ma L, Song F, Tian L, Cai W, Li H. Full-Length Transcriptome Profiling of Coridius chinensis Mitochondrial Genome Reveals the Transcription of Genes with Ancestral Arrangement in Insects. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:225. [PMID: 36672965 PMCID: PMC9859431 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Coridius chinensis (Hemiptera: Dinidoridae) is a medicinal insect. Its mitochondrial gene arrangement is consistent with that of Drosophila melanogaster and Erthesina fullo, the two insects with well-studied mitochondrial transcription. To investigate whether the structural consistency of mitochondrial genes leads to similarities in transcription and post-transcriptional processing, we improved the gene annotation and constructed a quantitative transcription map for the C. chinensis mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) using full-length transcriptome sequencing. The size of this mitogenome was 16,214 bp and the proposed model of mitochondrial transcription was similar to that of Drosophila. Both strands were nearly entirely transcribed except for the antisense genes downstream of trnS2 on N strand. The expression of cytochrome c subunit genes is higher than that of NADH-dehydrogenase subunit genes. The post-transcriptional cleavage process followed the "tRNA punctuation" model, and both the "reverse cleavage" model in Drosophila and "forward cleavage" model in E. fullo were found in C. chinensis. In addition, we found that long non-coding RNAs from the control region contained tandem repeats. Polyadenylation was performed after CCA triplet at the 3' end of tRNA. The isoform diversity of lrRNA was identified. Our study sheds light on the transcriptional regulation and RNA processing of insect mitogenomes with the putative ancestral gene arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hu Li
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Zhang X, Sun C, Wan J, Zhang X, Jia Y, Zhou C. Compartmentalized activities of HMGCS1 control cervical cancer radiosensitivity. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110507. [PMID: 36328117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms by which cellular metabolism affects cervical cancer cell radiosensitivity remain poorly understood. Here, we found that loss of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase 1 (HMGCS1), a key enzyme catalyzing the conversion of acetoacetyl-CoA to HMG-CoA in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, sensitizes the cervical cancer cells to radiation. We observed a compartmentalized cellular distribution of HMGCS1 in nuclei, cytosol, and mitochondria of cervical cancer cells and found that cytosolic HMGCS1 and mitochondrial HMGCS1 contribute together to the regulation of radiosensitivity. Mechanistically, we show that cytosolic HMGCS1 regulates radiosensitivity via manipulating the cholesterol metabolism, while mitochondrial HMGCS1 controls mitochondrial gene expression, thereby sustaining the mitochondrial function of cervical cancer cells. Together, our study identifies HMGCS1 as a novel regulator of radiosensitivty in cervical cancer cells, providing a molecular link between altered cholesterol metabolism, mitochondrial respiration, and radiosensitivity. Thus, targeting HMGCS1 may improve the therapeutic outcome of cervical cancer radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, PR China
| | - Congcong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, PR China
| | - Jinliang Wan
- Department of Oncology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, PR China
| | - Yanhan Jia
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, PR China.
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Chang X, Li Y, Cai C, Wu F, He J, Zhang Y, Zhong J, Tan Y, Liu R, Zhu H, Zhou H. Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms as molecular targets in diabetic heart. Metabolism 2022; 137:155313. [PMID: 36126721 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been regarded as a hallmark of diabetic cardiomyopathy. In addition to their canonical metabolic actions, mitochondria influence various other aspects of cardiomyocyte function, including oxidative stress, iron regulation, metabolic reprogramming, intracellular signaling transduction and cell death. These effects depend on the mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system, which includes mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Mitochondria are not static entities, but dynamic units that undergo fission and fusion cycles to maintain their structural integrity. Increased mitochondrial fission elevates the number of mitochondria within cardiomyocytes, a necessary step for cardiomyocyte metabolism. Enhanced mitochondrial fusion promotes communication and cooperation between pairs of mitochondria, thus facilitating mitochondrial genomic repair and maintenance. On the contrary, erroneous fission or reduced fusion promotes the formation of mitochondrial fragments that contain damaged mitochondrial DNA and exhibit impaired oxidative phosphorylation. Under normal/physiological conditions, injured mitochondria can undergo mitophagy, a degradative process that delivers poorly structured mitochondria to lysosomes. However, defective mitophagy promotes the accumulation of nonfunctional mitochondria, which may induce cardiomyocyte death. A decline in the mitochondrial population due to mitophagy can stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis), which generates new mitochondrial offspring to maintain an adequate mitochondrial number. Energy crises or ATP deficiency also increase mitochondrial biogenesis, because mitochondrial DNA encodes 13 subunits of the electron transport chain (ETC) complexes. Disrupted mitochondrial biogenesis diminishes the mitochondrial mass, accelerates mitochondrial senescence and promotes mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we describe the involvement of MQC in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Besides, the potential targeted therapies that could be applied to improve MQC during diabetic cardiomyopathy are also discussed and accelerate the development of cardioprotective drugs for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chang
- Guang'anmen Hospital of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiankai Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruxiu Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Zhu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Hao Zhou
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
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Androgen receptor signaling-mitochondrial DNA-oxidative phosphorylation: A critical triangle in early prostate cancer. Curr Urol 2022; 16:207-212. [PMID: 36714229 PMCID: PMC9875216 DOI: 10.1097/cu9.0000000000000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are more than just the cellular powerhouse. They also play key roles in vital functions such as apoptosis, metabolism regulation, and other intracellular interactions. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes for 12 subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Depletion of mtDNA in androgen-dependent prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines renders them androgen-independent and more aggressive. Paradoxically, pharmaceutical inhibition of OXPHOS is lethal for subsets of PCa cells, whereas others become dependent on androgen receptor (AR) signaling for survival. Given that the AR-mitochondria interaction is critical for early PCa, it is crucial to understand the details of this interaction. Technical hurdles have made mitochondria traditionally difficult to study, with many techniques used for isolation masking the properties of given individual mitochondria. Although the isolation of mitochondria enables us to study OXPHOS, we miss the context in which mitochondria interact with the rest of the cell. Both AR signaling and mtDNA affect apoptosis, metabolism regulation, cellular calcium storage and homeostasis, intracellular calcium signaling, and redox homeostasis. In this review, we will attempt to understand how the crosstalk between AR-mtDNA-OXPHOS is responsible for "life or death" decisions inside the cells. Our aim is to point toward potential vulnerabilities that can lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets.
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Alqaisi MHM, Ekka MM, Patel BC. Forensic evaluation of mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy in Gujarat population, India. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 49:332-341. [PMID: 36343161 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2144447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to its high copy number and its small size, mtDNA analysis is the most reliable choice when biological materials from crime scenes are degraded or have mixed STR profiles. AIM To examine the occurrence of heteroplasmy along with its frequency and pattern in both HV1 and HV2 regions of the mtDNA among unrelated individuals from India. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Mitochondrial DNA control region [hypervariable region one (HV1) and hypervariable region two (HV2)] were analysed in blood and buccal tissues of 104 unrelated individuals from the Indian state of Gujarat. RESULTS A high frequency of point heteroplasmy (PH) and length heteroplasmy (LH) was revealed. PH was detected in 7.69% of the population, with a higher frequency observed in blood than in buccal samples. However, there were no statistically significant differences in PH between the two tissues (Chi-square = 0.552, p ≥ 0.05). A total of six PH positions were detected: three at HV1, and another three at HV2. The studied population showed 46.15% LH in the HV1 and HV2 regions of both tissues. The LH positions observed in the Gujarat population were the same as those previously reported at HV1 np16184-16193 and HV2 np303-315. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that differences in the pattern of heteroplasmy found in different tissues can complicate the forensic analysis, on the other hand, the probability of a match between the questioned and reference samples increases when the heteroplasmy is identical in both tissues. Variability of PH among persons and even within tissues recommends analysing multiple tissue samples before drawing a conclusion in forensic mtDNA analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H M Alqaisi
- Laboratory of Forensic Biology and Biotechnology, National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Molina Madhulika Ekka
- Laboratory of Forensic Biology and Biotechnology, National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhargav C Patel
- Laboratory of Forensic Biology and Biotechnology, National Forensic Sciences University (NFSU), Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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36
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Targeting Mitochondrial Dynamics Proteins for the Development of Therapies for Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314741. [PMID: 36499064 PMCID: PMC9736032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The identification of new pathogenetic targets contributes to more efficient development of new types of drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This review highlights the problem of mitochondrial dynamics disorders, in the context of cardiovascular diseases. A change in the normal function of mitochondrial dynamics proteins is one of the reasons for the development of the pathological state of cardiomyocytes. Based on this, therapeutic targeting of these proteins may be a promising strategy in the development of cardiac drugs. Here we will consider changes for each process of mitochondrial dynamics in cardiovascular diseases: fission and fusion of mitochondria, mitophagy, mitochondrial transport and biogenesis, and also analyze the prospects of the considered protein targets based on existing drug developments.
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Dang X, Cao D, Zhao J, Schank M, Khanal S, Nguyen LNT, Wu XY, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Ning S, Wang L, El Gazzar M, Moorman JP, Yao ZQ. Mitochondrial topoisomerase 1 inhibition induces topological DNA damage and T cell dysfunction in patients with chronic viral infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1026293. [PMID: 36405960 PMCID: PMC9669385 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1026293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are crucial for controlling viral infections; however, the mechanisms that dampen their responses during viral infections remain incompletely understood. Here, we studied the role and mechanisms of mitochondrial topoisomerase 1 (Top1mt) inhibition in mitochondrial dysfunction and T cell dysregulation using CD4 T cells from patients infected with HCV or HIV and compared it with CD4 T cells from healthy individuals following treatment with Top1 inhibitor - camptothecin (CPT). We found that Top1mt protein levels and enzymatic activity are significantly decreased, along with Top1 cleavage complex (Top1cc) formation, in mitochondria of CD4 T cells from HCV- and HIV-infected patients. Notably, treatment of healthy CD4 T cells with CPT caused similar changes, including inhibition of Top1mt, accumulation of Top1cc in mitochondria, increase in PARP1 cleavage, and decrease in mtDNA copy numbers. These molecular changes resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, T cell dysregulation, and programmed cell death through multiple signaling pathways, recapitulating the phenotype we detected in CD4 T cells from HCV- and HIV-infected patients. Moreover, treatment of CD4 T cells from HCV or HIV patients with CPT further increased cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell apoptosis, demonstrating a critical role for Top1 in preventing mtDNA damage and cell death. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying immune dysregulation during viral infection and indicate that Top1 inhibition during chronic HCV or HIV infection can induce mtDNA damage and T cell dysfunction. Thus, reconstituting Top1mt protein may restore the mtDNA topology and T cell functions in humans with chronic viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Dang
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Dechao Cao
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Juan Zhao
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Madison Schank
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Sushant Khanal
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Lam Ngoc Thao Nguyen
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Xiao Y Wu
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Yong Jiang
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Shunbin Ning
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Ling Wang
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Mohamed El Gazzar
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Jonathan P Moorman
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
- Hepatitis (HBV/HCV) and HIV Programs, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Johnson, TN, United States
| | - Zhi Q Yao
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson, TN, United States
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson, TN, United States
- Hepatitis (HBV/HCV) and HIV Programs, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Johnson, TN, United States
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Gezen-Ak D, Yurttaş Z, Çamoǧlu T, Dursun E. Could Amyloid-β 1-42 or α-Synuclein Interact Directly with Mitochondrial DNA? A Hypothesis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2803-2812. [PMID: 36125124 PMCID: PMC9542719 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The amyloid β (Aβ) and the α-synuclein (α-syn) are shown to be translocated into mitochondria. Even though their roles are widely investigated in pathological conditions, information on the presence and functions of Aβ and α-syn in mitochondria in endogenous levels is somewhat limited. We hypothesized that endogenous Aβ fragments or α-syn could interact with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) directly or influence RNAs or transcription factors in mitochondria and change the mtDNA transcription profile. In this review, we summarized clues of these possible interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Erdinç Dursun
- E.D.: email, ; phone, +90 212 414 30 00/68025, +90 533 339
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Wang L, Yang Z, He X, Pu S, Yang C, Wu Q, Zhou Z, Cen X, Zhao H. Mitochondrial protein dysfunction in pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:974480. [PMID: 36157077 PMCID: PMC9489860 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.974480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for neuronal function and cell survival. Besides the well-known bioenergetics, additional mitochondrial roles in calcium signaling, lipid biogenesis, regulation of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis are pivotal in diverse cellular processes. The mitochondrial proteome encompasses about 1,500 proteins encoded by both the nuclear DNA and the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA. Mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome, or combinations of both, can result in mitochondrial protein deficiencies and mitochondrial malfunction. Therefore, mitochondrial quality control by proteins involved in various surveillance mechanisms is critical for neuronal integrity and viability. Abnormal proteins involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics, dynamics, mitophagy, import machinery, ion channels, and mitochondrial DNA maintenance have been linked to the pathogenesis of a number of neurological diseases. The goal of this review is to give an overview of these pathways and to summarize the interconnections between mitochondrial protein dysfunction and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyun Yang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiumei He
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shiming Pu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Akbari M, Nilsen HL, Montaldo NP. Dynamic features of human mitochondrial DNA maintenance and transcription. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:984245. [PMID: 36158192 PMCID: PMC9491825 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.984245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the primary sites for cellular energy production and are required for many essential cellular processes. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a 16.6 kb circular DNA molecule that encodes only 13 gene products of the approximately 90 different proteins of the respiratory chain complexes and an estimated 1,200 mitochondrial proteins. MtDNA is, however, crucial for organismal development, normal function, and survival. MtDNA maintenance requires mitochondrially targeted nuclear DNA repair enzymes, a mtDNA replisome that is unique to mitochondria, and systems that control mitochondrial morphology and quality control. Here, we provide an overview of the current literature on mtDNA repair and transcription machineries and discuss how dynamic functional interactions between the components of these systems regulate mtDNA maintenance and transcription. A profound understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control mtDNA maintenance and transcription is important as loss of mtDNA integrity is implicated in normal process of aging, inflammation, and the etiology and pathogenesis of a number of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Akbari
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hilde Loge Nilsen
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Unit for precision medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Nordbyhagen, Norway
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicola Pietro Montaldo
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Nicola Pietro Montaldo,
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Guo J, Zhou F, Liu Z, Cao Y, Zhao W, Zhang Z, Zhai Q, Jin Y, Li B, Jin F. Exosome‐shuttled mitochondrial transcription factor A mRNA promotes the osteogenesis of dental pulp stem cells through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activation. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13324. [DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Wanming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zheru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Qiming Zhai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Fang Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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Kim S, Lee K, Choi YS, Ku J, Kim H, Kharbash R, Yoon J, Lee YS, Kim JH, Lee YJ, Kim Y. Mitochondrial double-stranded RNAs govern the stress response in chondrocytes to promote osteoarthritis development. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111178. [PMID: 35947956 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase R (PKR) is an immune response protein that becomes activated by double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). PKR overactivation is associated with degenerative diseases with inflammation, including osteoarthritis (OA), but the dsRNA activator remains largely unknown. Here, we find that mitochondrial dsRNA (mt-dsRNA) expression and its cytosolic efflux are facilitated in chondrocytes under OA-eliciting conditions, leading to innate immune activation. Moreover, mt-dsRNAs are released to the extracellular space and activate Toll-like receptor 3 at the plasma membrane. Elevated levels of mt-dsRNAs in the synovial fluids and damaged cartilage of OA patients and in the cartilage of surgery-induced OA mice further support our data. Importantly, autophagy prevents PKR activation and protects chondrocytes from mitochondrial stress partly by removing cytosolic mtRNAs. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of innate immune activation by mt-dsRNAs during stress responses that underlie the development of OA and suggests mt-dsRNAs as a potential target for chondroprotective intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Keonyong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Yong Seok Choi
- Medical Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13605, South Korea
| | - Jayoung Ku
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyeonkyeong Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Raisa Kharbash
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jimin Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Yong Seuk Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13605, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13605, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
| | - Yoosik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea; KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; KAIST Institute for BioCentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; BioProcess Engineering Research Center and BioInformatics Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
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Different platforms for mitomiRs in mitochondria: Emerging facets in regulation of mitochondrial functions. Mitochondrion 2022; 66:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chen K, Lu P, Beeraka NM, Sukocheva OA, Madhunapantula SV, Liu J, Sinelnikov MY, Nikolenko VN, Bulygin KV, Mikhaleva LM, Reshetov IV, Gu Y, Zhang J, Cao Y, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Fan R, Aliev G. Mitochondrial mutations and mitoepigenetics: Focus on regulation of oxidative stress-induced responses in breast cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 83:556-569. [PMID: 33035656 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is an emerging and fast-developing field of research. Compared to regulation of nucler DNA, mechanisms of mtDNA epigenetic regulation (mitoepigenetics) remain less investigated. However, mitochondrial signaling directs various vital intracellular processes including aerobic respiration, apoptosis, cell proliferation and survival, nucleic acid synthesis, and oxidative stress. The later process and associated mismanagement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) cascade were associated with cancer progression. It has been demonstrated that cancer cells contain ROS/oxidative stress-mediated defects in mtDNA repair system and mitochondrial nucleoid protection. Furthermore, mtDNA is vulnerable to damage caused by somatic mutations, resulting in the dysfunction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and energy production, which fosters further generation of ROS and promotes oncogenicity. Mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the collective mitochondrial genome that comprises both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes coupled by crosstalk. Recent reports determined the defects in the collective mitochondrial genome that are conducive to breast cancer initiation and progression. Mutational damage to mtDNA, as well as its overproliferation and deletions, were reported to alter the nuclear epigenetic landscape. Unbalanced mitoepigenetics and adverse regulation of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) can efficiently facilitate cancer cell survival. Accordingly, several mitochondria-targeting therapeutic agents (biguanides, OXPHOS inhibitors, vitamin-E analogues, and antibiotic bedaquiline) were suggested for future clinical trials in breast cancer patients. However, crosstalk mechanisms between altered mitoepigenetics and cancer-associated mtDNA mutations remain largely unclear. Hence, mtDNA mutations and epigenetic modifications could be considered as potential molecular markers for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of breast cancer. This review discusses the role of mitoepigenetic regulation in cancer cells and potential employment of mtDNA modifications as novel anti-cancer targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, China; Institue for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Pengwei Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Narasimha M Beeraka
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Medicine and Molecular Biology (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Olga A Sukocheva
- Discipline of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - SubbaRao V Madhunapantula
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Medicine and Molecular Biology (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Junqi Liu
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Str., Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Mikhail Y Sinelnikov
- Institue for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Nikolenko
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia; Department of Normal and Topographic Anatomy, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), 31-5 Lomonosovsky Prospect, 117192, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill V Bulygin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia; Department of Normal and Topographic Anatomy, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), 31-5 Lomonosovsky Prospect, 117192, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Reshetov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yuanting Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Yu Cao
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Siva G Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street Salem, WV, 26426, USA
| | - Cecil E Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street Salem, WV, 26426, USA
| | - Ruitai Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119991, Russia; Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Severny pr. 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432, Russia; GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
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Khalil M, Shanmugam H, Abdallah H, John Britto JS, Galerati I, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Frühbeck G, Portincasa P. The Potential of the Mediterranean Diet to Improve Mitochondrial Function in Experimental Models of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153112. [PMID: 35956289 PMCID: PMC9370259 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The abnormal expansion of body fat paves the way for several metabolic abnormalities including overweight, obesity, and diabetes, which ultimately cluster under the umbrella of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Patients with MetS are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, morbidity, and mortality. The coexistence of distinct metabolic abnormalities is associated with the release of pro-inflammatory adipocytokines, as components of low-to-medium grade systemic inflammation and increased oxidative stress. Adopting healthy lifestyles, by using appropriate dietary regimens, contributes to the prevention and treatment of MetS. Metabolic abnormalities can influence the function and energetic capacity of mitochondria, as observed in many obesity-related cardio-metabolic disorders. There are preclinical studies both in cellular and animal models, as well as clinical studies, dealing with distinct nutrients of the Mediterranean diet (MD) and dysfunctional mitochondria in obesity and MetS. The term “Mitochondria nutrients” has been adopted in recent years, and it depicts the adequate nutrients to keep proper mitochondrial function. Different experimental models show that components of the MD, including polyphenols, plant-derived compounds, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, can improve mitochondrial metabolism, biogenesis, and antioxidant capacity. Such effects are valuable to counteract the mitochondrial dysfunction associated with obesity-related abnormalities and can represent the beneficial feature of polyphenols-enriched olive oil, vegetables, nuts, fish, and plant-based foods, as the main components of the MD. Thus, developing mitochondria-targeting nutrients and natural agents for MetS treatment and/or prevention is a logical strategy to decrease the burden of disease and medications at a later stage. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the effects of the MD and its bioactive components on improving mitochondrial structure and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Harshitha Shanmugam
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Hala Abdallah
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Jerlin Stephy John Britto
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Ilaria Galerati
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-A.); (G.F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, 28029 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.G.-A.); (G.F.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, 28029 Pamplona, Spain
- Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (J.S.J.B.); (I.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-328-4687215
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Ramanathan R, Ali AH, Ibdah JA. Mitochondrial Dysfunction Plays Central Role in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137280. [PMID: 35806284 PMCID: PMC9267060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global pandemic that affects one-quarter of the world’s population. NAFLD includes a spectrum of progressive liver disease from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis and can be complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma. It is strongly associated with metabolic syndromes, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, and it has been shown that metabolic dysregulation is central to its pathogenesis. Recently, it has been suggested that metabolic- (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a more appropriate term to describe the disease than NAFLD, which puts increased emphasis on the important role of metabolic dysfunction in its pathogenesis. There is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in the development and progression of NAFLD. Impaired mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and, more recently, a reduction in mitochondrial quality, have been suggested to play a major role in NAFLD development and progression. In this review, we provide an overview of our current understanding of NAFLD and highlight how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to its pathogenesis in both animal models and human subjects. Further we discuss evidence that the modification of mitochondrial function modulates NAFLD and that targeting mitochondria is a promising new avenue for drug development to treat NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Ramanathan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (R.R.); (A.H.A.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Ahmad Hassan Ali
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (R.R.); (A.H.A.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Jamal A. Ibdah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (R.R.); (A.H.A.)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +573-882-7349; Fax: +573-884-4595
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Torres-Gonzalez E, Makova KD. Exploring the Effects of Mitonuclear Interactions on Mitochondrial DNA Gene Expression in Humans. Front Genet 2022; 13:797129. [PMID: 35846132 PMCID: PMC9277102 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.797129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most mitochondrial protein complexes include both nuclear and mitochondrial gene products, which coevolved to work together. This coevolution can be disrupted due to disparity in genetic ancestry between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in recently admixed populations. Such mitonuclear DNA discordance might result in phenotypic effects. Several nuclear-encoded proteins regulate expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes. We hypothesized that mitonuclear DNA discordance affects expression of genes encoded by mtDNA. To test this, we utilized the data from the GTEx project, which contains expression levels for ∼100 African Americans and >600 European Americans. The varying proportion of African and European ancestry in recently admixed African Americans provides a range of mitonuclear discordance values, which can be correlated with mtDNA gene expression levels (adjusted for age and ischemic time). In contrast, European Americans did not undergo recent admixture. We demonstrated that, for most mtDNA protein-coding genes, expression levels in energetically-demanding tissues were lower in African Americans than in European Americans. Furthermore, gene expression levels were lower in individuals with higher mitonuclear discordance, independent of population. Moreover, we found a negative correlation between mtDNA gene expression and mitonuclear discordance. In African Americans, the average value of African ancestry was higher for nuclear-encoded mitochondrial than non-mitochondrial genes, facilitating a match in ancestry with the mtDNA and more optimal interactions. These results represent an example of a phenotypic effect of mitonuclear discordance on human admixed populations, and have potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kateryna D. Makova
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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Huang CH, Chang MC, Lai YC, Lin CY, Hsu CH, Tseng BY, Hsiao CK, Lu TP, Yu SL, Hsieh ST, Chen WJ. Mitochondrial DNA methylation profiling of the human prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens: correlations with aging and drug use. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:79. [PMID: 35752846 PMCID: PMC9233363 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the brain's high demand for energy, research on its epigenetics focuses on nuclear methylation, and much of the mitochondrial DNA methylation remains seldom investigated. With a focus on the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC), we aimed to identify the mitochondrial methylation signatures for (1) distinguishing the two brain areas, (2) correlating with aging, and (3) reflecting the influence of illicit drugs on the brain. RESULT We collected the brain tissue in the NAcc and the PFC from the deceased individuals without (n = 39) and with (n = 14) drug use and used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing to cover cytosine sites in the mitochondrial genome. We first detected differential methylations between the NAcc and the PFC in the nonusers group (P = 3.89 × 10-9). These function-related methylation differences diminished in the drug use group due to the selective alteration in the NAcc. Then, we found the correlation between the methylation levels and the chronological ages in the nonusers group (R2 = 0.34 in the NAcc and 0.37 in the PFC). The epigenetic clocks in illicit drug users, especially in the ketamine users, were accelerated in both brain regions by comparison with the nonusers. Finally, we summarized the effect of the illicit drugs on the methylation, which could significantly differentiate the drug users from the nonusers (AUC = 0.88 in the NAcc, AUC = 0.94 in the PFC). CONCLUSION The mitochondrial methylations were different between different brain areas, generally accumulated with aging, and sensitive to the effects of illicit drugs. We believed this is the first report to elucidate comprehensively the importance of mitochondrial DNA methylation in human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Huang
- Forensic Biology Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Forensic Pathology Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chen Chang
- Forensic Biology Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chun Lai
- Forensic Biology Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Lin
- Forensic Biology Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cho-Hsien Hsu
- Forensic Pathology Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Yuan Tseng
- Forensic Pathology Division, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chuhsing Kate Hsiao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pin Lu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tsang Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei J Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
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Assessing Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Toxicity in Cardiomyocytes: Implications for Preclinical Cardiac Safety Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071313. [PMID: 35890211 PMCID: PMC9319223 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced cardiotoxicity not only leads to the attrition of drugs during development, but also contributes to the high morbidity and mortality rates of cardiovascular diseases. Comprehensive testing for proarrhythmic risks of drugs has been applied in preclinical cardiac safety assessment for over 15 years. However, other mechanisms of cardiac toxicity have not received such attention. Of them, mitochondrial impairment is a common form of cardiotoxicity and is known to account for over half of cardiovascular adverse-event-related black box warnings imposed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Although it has been studied in great depth, mitochondrial toxicity assessment has not yet been incorporated into routine safety tests for cardiotoxicity at the preclinical stage. This review discusses the main characteristics of mitochondria in cardiomyocytes, drug-induced mitochondrial toxicities, and high-throughput screening strategies for cardiomyocytes, as well as their proposed integration into preclinical safety pharmacology. We emphasize the advantages of using adult human primary cardiomyocytes for the evaluation of mitochondrial morphology and function, and the need for a novel cardiac safety testing platform integrating mitochondrial toxicity and proarrhythmic risk assessments in cardiac safety evaluation.
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Avilés-Ramírez C, Moreno-Godínez ME, Bonner MR, Parra-Rojas I, Flores-Alfaro E, Ramírez M, Huerta-Beristain G, Ramírez-Vargas MA. Effects of exposure to environmental pollutants on mitochondrial DNA copy number: a meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43588-43606. [PMID: 35399130 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants has been associated with alteration on relative levels of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn). However, the results obtained from epidemiological studies are inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether environmental pollutant exposure can modify the relative levels of mtDNAcn in humans. We performed a literature search using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. We selected and reviewed original articles performed in humans that analyzed the relationship between environmental pollutant exposure and the relative levels of mtDNAcn; the selection of the included studies was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only twenty-two studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. A total of 6011 study participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. We grouped the included studies into four main categories according to the type of environmental pollutant: (1) heavy metals, (2) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), (3) particulate matter (PM), and (4) cigarette smoking. Inconclusive results were observed in all categories; the pooled analysis shows a marginal increase of relative levels of mtDNAcn in response to environmental pollutant exposure. The trial sequential analysis and rate confidence in body evidence showed the need to perform new studies. Therefore, a large-scale cohort and mechanistic studies in this area are required to probe the possible use of relative levels of mtDNAcn as biomarkers linked to environmental pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Avilés-Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Y Salud Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma De Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, 39089, Chilpancingo, GRO, México
| | - Ma Elena Moreno-Godínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Y Salud Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma De Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, 39089, Chilpancingo, GRO, México
| | - Matthew R Bonner
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Investigación en Obesidad Y Diabetes, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Eugenia Flores-Alfaro
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Epidemiología Clínica Y Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Mónica Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, CONACyT, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México
| | - Gerardo Huerta-Beristain
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Y Salud Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma De Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, 39089, Chilpancingo, GRO, México
| | - Marco Antonio Ramírez-Vargas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Y Salud Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma De Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, 39089, Chilpancingo, GRO, México.
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