1
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Bowers A, Hudock D. Lower nonword syllable sequence repetition accuracy in adults who stutter is related to differences in audio-motor oscillations. Neuropsychologia 2024; 199:108906. [PMID: 38740180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to use independent component analysis (ICA) of high-density electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate whether differences in audio-motor neural oscillations are related to nonword syllable repetition accuracy in a group of adults who stutter compared to typically fluent speakers. METHODS EEG was recorded using 128 channels from 23 typically fluent speakers and 23 adults who stutter matched for age, sex, and handedness. EEG was recorded during delayed, 2 and 4 bilabial nonword syllable repetition conditions. Scalp-topography, dipole source estimates, and power spectral density (PSD) were computed for each independent component (IC) and used to cluster similar ICs across participants. Event-related spectral perturbations (ERSPs) were computed for each IC cluster to examine changes over time in the repetition conditions and to examine how dynamic changes in ERSPs are related to syllable repetition accuracy. RESULTS Findings indicated significantly lower accuracy on a measure of percentage correct trials in the AWS group and for a normalized measure of syllable load performance across conditions. Analysis of ERSPs revealed significantly lower alpha/beta ERD in left and right μ ICs and in left and right posterior temporal lobe α ICs in AWS compared to TFS (CC p < 0.05). Pearson correlations with %CT for frequency across time showed strong relationships with accuracy (FWE<0.05) during maintenance in the TFS group and during execution in the AWS group. CONCLUSIONS Findings implicate lower alpha/beta ERD (8-30 Hz) during syllable encoding over posterior temporal ICs and execution in left temporal/sensorimotor components. Strong correlations with accuracy and interindividual differences in ∼6-8 Hz ERSPs during execution implicate differences in motor and auditory-sensory monitoring during syllable sequence execution in AWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Bowers
- University of Arkansas, 275 Epley Center, 606 North Razorback Rd. Fayetteville AR, 72701, United States.
| | - Daniel Hudock
- Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Ave, Mailstop 8116, Pocatello, ID 83209, United States
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2
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Ehrhardt NM, Flöel A, Li SC, Lucchese G, Antonenko D. Brain oscillatory processes related to sequence memory in healthy older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 139:64-72. [PMID: 38626525 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Sequence memory is subject to age-related decline, but the underlying processes are not yet fully understood. We analyzed electroencephalography (EEG) in 21 healthy older (60-80 years) and 26 young participants (20-30 years) and compared time-frequency spectra and theta-gamma phase-amplitude-coupling (PAC) during encoding of the order of visually presented items. In older adults, desynchronization in theta (4-8 Hz) and synchronization in gamma (30-45 Hz) power did not distinguish between subsequently correctly and incorrectly remembered trials, while there was a subsequent memory effect for young adults. Theta-gamma PAC was modulated by item position within a sequence for older but not young adults. Specifically, position within a sequence was coded by higher gamma amplitude for successive theta phases for later correctly remembered trials. Thus, deficient differentiation in theta desynchronization and gamma oscillations during sequence encoding in older adults may reflect neurophysiological correlates of age-related memory decline. Furthermore, our results indicate that sequences are coded by theta-gamma PAC in older adults, but that this mechanism might lose precision in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M Ehrhardt
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald 17475, Germany.
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald 17475, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Standort Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, Dresden 01062, Germany; Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop, TU Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Guglielmo Lucchese
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatry University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Lengstrasse 31, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Daria Antonenko
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald 17475, Germany
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3
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Ghorbani F, Zhou X, Talebi N, Roessner V, Hommel B, Prochnow A, Beste C. Neural connectivity patterns explain why adolescents perceive the world as moving slow. Commun Biol 2024; 7:759. [PMID: 38909084 PMCID: PMC11193795 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
That younger individuals perceive the world as moving slower than adults is a familiar phenomenon. Yet, it remains an open question why that is. Using event segmentation theory, electroencephalogram (EEG) beamforming and nonlinear causal relationship estimation using artificial neural network methods, we studied neural activity while adolescent and adult participants segmented a movie. We show when participants were instructed to segment a movie into meaningful units, adolescents partitioned incoming information into fewer encapsulated segments or episodes of longer duration than adults. Importantly, directed communication between medial frontal and lower-level perceptual areas and between occipito-temporal regions in specific neural oscillation spectrums explained behavioral differences between groups. Overall, the study reveals that a different organization of directed communication between brain regions and inefficient transmission of information between brain regions are key to understand why younger people perceive the world as moving slow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foroogh Ghorbani
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xianzhen Zhou
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nasibeh Talebi
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hommel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Astrid Prochnow
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
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4
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Lin X, Chen D, Liu J, Yao Z, Xie H, Anderson MC, Hu X. Observing the suppression of individual aversive memories from conscious awareness. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae080. [PMID: 38863114 PMCID: PMC11166503 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
When reminded of an unpleasant experience, people often try to exclude the unwanted memory from awareness, a process known as retrieval suppression. Here we used multivariate decoding (MVPA) and representational similarity analyses on EEG data to track how suppression unfolds in time and to reveal its impact on item-specific cortical patterns. We presented reminders to aversive scenes and asked people to either suppress or to retrieve the scene. During suppression, mid-frontal theta power within the first 500 ms distinguished suppression from passive viewing of the reminder, indicating that suppression rapidly recruited control. During retrieval, we could discern EEG cortical patterns relating to individual memories-initially, based on theta-driven visual perception of the reminders (0 to 500 ms) and later, based on alpha-driven reinstatement of the aversive scene (500 to 3000 ms). Critically, suppressing retrieval weakened (during 360 to 600 ms) and eventually abolished item-specific cortical patterns, a robust effect that persisted until the reminder disappeared (780 to 3000 ms). Representational similarity analyses provided converging evidence that retrieval suppression weakened the representation of target scenes during the 500 to 3000 ms reinstatement window. Together, rapid top-down control during retrieval suppression abolished cortical patterns of individual memories, and precipitated later forgetting. These findings reveal a precise chronometry on the voluntary suppression of individual memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyi Lin
- Center for Sleep & Circadian Biology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, United States
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Danni Chen
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ziqing Yao
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael C Anderson
- MRC Cognition & Brain Sciences Unit, Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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5
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Ueda R, Sakakura K, Mitsuhashi T, Sonoda M, Firestone E, Kuroda N, Kitazawa Y, Uda H, Luat AF, Johnson EL, Ofen N, Asano E. Cortical and white matter substrates supporting visuospatial working memory. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 162:9-27. [PMID: 38552414 PMCID: PMC11102300 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In tasks involving new visuospatial information, we rely on working memory, supported by a distributed brain network. We investigated the dynamic interplay between brain regions, including cortical and white matter structures, to understand how neural interactions change with different memory loads and trials, and their subsequent impact on working memory performance. METHODS Patients undertook a task of immediate spatial recall during intracranial EEG monitoring. We charted the dynamics of cortical high-gamma activity and associated functional connectivity modulations in white matter tracts. RESULTS Elevated memory loads were linked to enhanced functional connectivity via occipital longitudinal tracts, yet decreased through arcuate, uncinate, and superior-longitudinal fasciculi. As task familiarity grew, there was increased high-gamma activity in the posterior inferior-frontal gyrus (pIFG) and diminished functional connectivity across a network encompassing frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. Early pIFG high-gamma activity was predictive of successful recall. Including this metric in a logistic regression model yielded an accuracy of 0.76. CONCLUSIONS Optimizing visuospatial working memory through practice is tied to early pIFG activation and decreased dependence on irrelevant neural pathways. SIGNIFICANCE This study expands our knowledge of human adaptation for visuospatial working memory, showing the spatiotemporal dynamics of cortical network modulations through white matter tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyo Ueda
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 1878551, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Sakakura
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 3058575, Japan.
| | - Takumi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 1138421, Japan.
| | - Masaki Sonoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 2360004, Japan.
| | - Ethan Firestone
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
| | - Naoto Kuroda
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 9808575, Japan.
| | - Yu Kitazawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 2360004, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Uda
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan.
| | - Aimee F Luat
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48858, USA.
| | - Elizabeth L Johnson
- Departments of Medical Social Sciences, Pediatrics, and Psychology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
| | - Noa Ofen
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
| | - Eishi Asano
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA; Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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6
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Satish A, Keller VG, Raza S, Fitzpatrick S, Horner AJ. Theta and alpha oscillations in human hippocampus and medial parietal cortex support the formation of location-based representations. Hippocampus 2024; 34:284-301. [PMID: 38520305 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Our ability to navigate in a new environment depends on learning new locations. Mental representations of locations are quickly accessible during navigation and allow us to know where we are regardless of our current viewpoint. Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research using pattern classification has shown that these location-based representations emerge in the retrosplenial cortex and parahippocampal gyrus, regions theorized to be critically involved in spatial navigation. However, little is currently known about the oscillatory dynamics that support the formation of location-based representations. We used magnetoencephalogram (MEG) recordings to investigate region-specific oscillatory activity in a task where participants could form location-based representations. Participants viewed videos showing that two perceptually distinct scenes (180° apart) belonged to the same location. This "overlap" video allowed participants to bind the two distinct scenes together into a more coherent location-based representation. Participants also viewed control "non-overlap" videos where two distinct scenes from two different locations were shown, where no location-based representation could be formed. In a post-video behavioral task, participants successfully matched the two viewpoints shown in the overlap videos, but not the non-overlap videos, indicating they successfully learned the locations in the overlap condition. Comparing oscillatory activity between the overlap and non-overlap videos, we found greater theta and alpha/beta power during the overlap relative to non-overlap videos, specifically at time-points when we expected scene integration to occur. These oscillations localized to regions in the medial parietal cortex (precuneus and retrosplenial cortex) and the medial temporal lobe, including the hippocampus. Therefore, we find that theta and alpha/beta oscillations in the hippocampus and medial parietal cortex are likely involved in the formation of location-based representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akul Satish
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, UK
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sumaiyah Raza
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, UK
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Aidan J Horner
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, UK
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK
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7
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Wynn SC, Townsend CD, Nyhus E. The role of theta and gamma oscillations in item memory, source memory, and memory confidence. Psychophysiology 2024:e14602. [PMID: 38715221 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Theta and gamma oscillations have been linked to episodic memory processes in various studies. Both oscillations seem to be vital for processes guided by the medial temporal lobe, such as the retrieval of information from memory. While theta oscillations increase with successful memory, it is unclear what the unique contribution of theta is to various subcomponents of memory. On the other hand, memory-related gamma oscillations have been mainly reported in the hippocampus, leaving the role of neocortical gamma in memory underexplored. In this study, we investigated how unique variability in memory accuracy and memory confidence contributes to fluctuations in theta and gamma power. To this end, we recorded EEG from 54 participants while they performed a source memory task. From this task we obtained their item memory accuracy, source memory accuracy, item memory confidence, and source memory confidence. These behavioral measures were put in a trial-by-trial linear mixed effects model to uncover their unique contribution to the oscillatory power in frontal and parietal regions. Our results are in line with the involvement of theta oscillations in both memory accuracy and confidence, but seem to indicate a main role for theta oscillations in memory-related confidence. In addition, we found that gamma oscillations play various roles in memory processing, dependent on brain region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syanah C Wynn
- Neuroimaging Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, USA
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher D Townsend
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Erika Nyhus
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, USA
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8
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Coleman SC, Seedat ZA, Pakenham DO, Quinn AJ, Brookes MJ, Woolrich MW, Mullinger KJ. Post-task responses following working memory and movement are driven by transient spectral bursts with similar characteristics. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26700. [PMID: 38726799 PMCID: PMC11082833 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The post-movement beta rebound has been studied extensively using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and is reliably modulated by various task parameters as well as illness. Our recent study showed that rebounds, which we generalise as "post-task responses" (PTRs), are a ubiquitous phenomenon in the brain, occurring across the cortex in theta, alpha, and beta bands. Currently, it is unknown whether PTRs following working memory are driven by transient bursts, which are moments of short-lived high amplitude activity, similar to those that drive the post-movement beta rebound. Here, we use three-state univariate hidden Markov models (HMMs), which can identify bursts without a priori knowledge of frequency content or response timings, to compare bursts that drive PTRs in working memory and visuomotor MEG datasets. Our results show that PTRs across working memory and visuomotor tasks are driven by pan-spectral transient bursts. These bursts have very similar spectral content variation over the cortex, correlating strongly between the two tasks in the alpha (R2 = .89) and beta (R2 = .53) bands. Bursts also have similar variation in duration over the cortex (e.g., long duration bursts occur in the motor cortex for both tasks), strongly correlating over cortical regions between tasks (R2 = .56), with a mean over all regions of around 300 ms in both datasets. Finally, we demonstrate the ability of HMMs to isolate signals of interest in MEG data, such that the HMM probability timecourse correlates more strongly with reaction times than frequency filtered power envelopes from the same brain regions. Overall, we show that induced PTRs across different tasks are driven by bursts with similar characteristics, which can be identified using HMMs. Given the similarity between bursts across tasks, we suggest that PTRs across the cortex may be driven by a common underlying neural phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian C. Coleman
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Zelekha A. Seedat
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
- Young EpilepsyLingfieldUK
| | - Daisie O. Pakenham
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
- Clinical NeurophysiologyQueen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK
| | - Andrew J. Quinn
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of PsychologyUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Matthew J. Brookes
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Mark W. Woolrich
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of PsychiatryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Karen J. Mullinger
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of PsychologyUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
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9
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Peylo C, Romberg-Taylor C, Behnke L, Sauseng P. Dynamic alpha power modulations and slow negative potentials track natural shifts of spatio-temporal attention. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14498. [PMID: 38071405 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Alpha power modulations and slow negative potentials have previously been associated with anticipatory processes in spatial and temporal top-down attention. In typical experimental designs, however, neural responses triggered by transient stimulus onsets can interfere with attention-driven activity patterns and our interpretation of such. Here, we investigated these signatures of spatio-temporal attention in a dynamic paradigm free from potentially confounding stimulus-driven activity using electroencephalography. Participants attended the cued side of a bilateral stimulus rotation and mentally counted how often one of two remembered sample orientations (i.e., the target) was displayed while ignoring the uncued side and non-target orientation. Afterwards, participants performed a delayed match-to-sample task, in which they indicated if the orientation of a probe stimulus matched the corresponding sample orientation (previously target or non-target). We observed dynamic alpha power reductions and slow negative waves around task-relevant points in space and time (i.e., onset of the target orientation in the cued hemifield) over posterior electrodes contralateral to the locus of attention. In contrast to static alpha power lateralization, these dynamic signatures correlated with subsequent memory performance (primarily detriments for matching probes of the non-target orientation), suggesting a preferential allocation of attention to task-relevant locations and time points at the expense of reduced resources and impaired performance for information outside the current focus of attention. Our findings suggest that humans can naturally and dynamically focus their attention at relevant points in space and time and that such spatio-temporal attention shifts can be reflected by dynamic alpha power modulations and slow negative potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Peylo
- Department of Psychology, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Larissa Behnke
- Department of Psychology, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Sauseng
- Department of Psychology, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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10
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Myrov V, Siebenhühner F, Juvonen JJ, Arnulfo G, Palva S, Palva JM. Rhythmicity of neuronal oscillations delineates their cortical and spectral architecture. Commun Biol 2024; 7:405. [PMID: 38570628 PMCID: PMC10991572 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronal oscillations are commonly analyzed with power spectral methods that quantify signal amplitude, but not rhythmicity or 'oscillatoriness' per se. Here we introduce a new approach, the phase-autocorrelation function (pACF), for the direct quantification of rhythmicity. We applied pACF to human intracerebral stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) data and uncovered a spectrally and anatomically fine-grained cortical architecture in the rhythmicity of single- and multi-frequency neuronal oscillations. Evidencing the functional significance of rhythmicity, we found it to be a prerequisite for long-range synchronization in resting-state networks and to be dynamically modulated during event-related processing. We also extended the pACF approach to measure 'burstiness' of oscillatory processes and characterized regions with stable and bursty oscillations. These findings show that rhythmicity is double-dissociable from amplitude and constitutes a functionally relevant and dynamic characteristic of neuronal oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Myrov
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Felix Siebenhühner
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joonas J Juvonen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriele Arnulfo
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and System Engineering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Satu Palva
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Matias Palva
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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11
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Köster M. The theta-gamma code in predictive processing and mnemonic updating. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105529. [PMID: 38176633 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Predictive processing has become a leading theory about how the brain works. Yet, it remains an open question how predictive processes are realized in the brain. Here I discuss theta-gamma coupling as one potential neural mechanism for prediction and model updating. Building on Lisman and colleagues SOCRATIC model, theta-gamma coupling has been associated with phase precession and learning phenomena in medio-temporal lobe of rodents, where it completes and retains a sequence of places or items (i.e., predictive models). These sequences may be updated upon prediction errors (i.e., model updating), signaled by dopaminergic inputs from prefrontal networks. This framework, spanning the molecular to the network level, matches excitingly well with recent findings on predictive processing, mnemonic updating, and perceptual foraging for the theta-gamma code in human cognition. In sum, I use the case of theta-gamma coupling to link the predictive processing account, a very general concept of how the brain works, to specific neural processes which may implement predictive processing and model updating at the cognitive, network, cellular and molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Köster
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Psychology, Sedanstraße 1, 93055 Regensburg, Germany.
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12
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Meltzer JA, Sivaratnam G, Deschamps T, Zadeh M, Li C, Farzan F, Francois-Nienaber A. Contrasting MEG effects of anodal and cathodal high-definition TDCS on sensorimotor activity during voluntary finger movements. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2024; 3:1341732. [PMID: 38379832 PMCID: PMC10875011 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2024.1341732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Protocols for noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) are generally categorized as "excitatory" or "inhibitory" based on their ability to produce short-term modulation of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in peripheral muscles, when applied to motor cortex. Anodal and cathodal stimulation are widely considered excitatory and inhibitory, respectively, on this basis. However, it is poorly understood whether such polarity-dependent changes apply for neural signals generated during task performance, at rest, or in response to sensory stimulation. Methods To characterize such changes, we measured spontaneous and movement-related neural activity with magnetoencephalography (MEG) before and after high-definition transcranial direct-current stimulation (HD-TDCS) of the left motor cortex (M1), while participants performed simple finger movements with the left and right hands. Results Anodal HD-TDCS (excitatory) decreased the movement-related cortical fields (MRCF) localized to left M1 during contralateral right finger movements while cathodal HD-TDCS (inhibitory), increased them. In contrast, oscillatory signatures of voluntary motor output were not differentially affected by the two stimulation protocols, and tended to decrease in magnitude over the course of the experiment regardless. Spontaneous resting state oscillations were not affected either. Discussion MRCFs are thought to reflect reafferent proprioceptive input to motor cortex following movements. Thus, these results suggest that processing of incoming sensory information may be affected by TDCS in a polarity-dependent manner that is opposite that seen for MEPs-increases in cortical excitability as defined by MEPs may correspond to reduced responses to afferent input, and vice-versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed A. Meltzer
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Speech-language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gayatri Sivaratnam
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tiffany Deschamps
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maryam Zadeh
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Catherine Li
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Faranak Farzan
- School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Alex Francois-Nienaber
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, Toronto, ON, Canada
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13
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Prochnow A, Zhou X, Ghorbani F, Wendiggensen P, Roessner V, Hommel B, Beste C. The temporal dynamics of how the brain structures natural scenes. Cortex 2024; 171:26-39. [PMID: 37977111 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Individuals organize the evolving stream of events in their environment by partitioning it into discrete units. Event segmentation theory (EST) provides a cognitive explanation for the process of this partitioning. Critically, the underlying time-resolved neural mechanisms are not understood, and thus a central conceptual aspect of how humans implement this central ability is missing. To gain better insight into the fundamental temporal dynamics of event segmentation, EEG oscillatory activity was measured while participants watched a narrative video and partitioned the movie into meaningful segments. Using EEG beamforming methods, we show that theta, alpha, and beta band activity in frontal, parietal, and occipital areas, as well as their interactions, reflect critical elements of the event segmentation process established by EST. In sum, we see a mechanistic temporal chain of processes that provides the neurophysiological basis for how the brain partitions and structures continuously evolving scenes and points to an integrated system that organizes the various subprocesses of event segmentation. This study thus integrates neurophysiology and cognitive theory to better understand how the human brain operates in rather variable and unpredictable situations. Therefore, it represents an important step toward studying neurophysiological dynamics in ecologically valid and naturalistic settings and, in doing so, addresses a critical gap in knowledge regarding the temporal dynamics of how the brain structures natural scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Prochnow
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 03107 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Xianzhen Zhou
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 03107 Dresden, Germany
| | - Foroogh Ghorbani
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 03107 Dresden, Germany
| | - Paul Wendiggensen
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 03107 Dresden, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 03107 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hommel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 03107 Dresden, Germany; School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 03107 Dresden, Germany; School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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14
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Nikolaev AR, Meghanathan RN, van Leeuwen C. Refixation behavior in naturalistic viewing: Methods, mechanisms, and neural correlates. Atten Percept Psychophys 2024:10.3758/s13414-023-02836-9. [PMID: 38169029 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-023-02836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
When freely viewing a scene, the eyes often return to previously visited locations. By tracking eye movements and coregistering eye movements and EEG, such refixations are shown to have multiple roles: repairing insufficient encoding from precursor fixations, supporting ongoing viewing by resampling relevant locations prioritized by precursor fixations, and aiding the construction of memory representations. All these functions of refixation behavior are understood to be underpinned by three oculomotor and cognitive systems and their associated brain structures. First, immediate saccade planning prior to refixations involves attentional selection of candidate locations to revisit. This process is likely supported by the dorsal attentional network. Second, visual working memory, involved in maintaining task-related information, is likely supported by the visual cortex. Third, higher-order relevance of scene locations, which depends on general knowledge and understanding of scene meaning, is likely supported by the hippocampal memory system. Working together, these structures bring about viewing behavior that balances exploring previously unvisited areas of a scene with exploiting visited areas through refixations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey R Nikolaev
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Box 213, 22100, Lund, Sweden.
- Brain & Cognition Research Unit, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Cees van Leeuwen
- Brain & Cognition Research Unit, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cognitive Science, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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15
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Pan Z, Zhang C, Su W, Qi X, Feng X, Gao L, Xu X, Liu J. Relationship between individual differences in pain empathy and task- and resting-state EEG. Neuroimage 2023; 284:120452. [PMID: 37949258 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain empathy is a complex form of psychological inference that enables us to understand how others feel in the context of pain. Since pain empathy may be grounded in our own pain experiences, it exhibits huge inter-individual variability. However, the neural mechanisms behind the individual differences in pain empathy and its association with pain perception are still poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to characterize brain mechanisms associated with individual differences in pain empathy in adult participants (n = 24). The 32-channel electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded at rest and during a pain empathy task, and participants viewed static visual stimuli of the limbs submitted to painful and nonpainful stimulation to solicit empathy. The pain sensitivity of each participant was measured using a series of direct current stimulations. In our results, the N2 of Fz and the LPP of P3 and P4 were affected by painful pictures. We found that both delta and alpha bands in the frontal and parietal cortex were involved in the regulation of pain empathy. For the delta band, a close relationship was found between average power, either in the resting or task state, and individual differences in pain empathy. It suggested that the spectral power in Fz's delta band may reflect subjective pain empathy across individuals. For the alpha band, the functional connectivity between Fz and P3 under painful picture stimulation was correlated to individuals' pain sensitivity. It indicated that the alpha band may reflect individual differences in pain sensitivity and be involved in pain empathy processing. Our results suggested the distinct role of the delta and alpha bands of EEG signals in pain empathy processing and may deepen our understanding of the neural mechanisms underpinning pain empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Pan
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637000, PR China
| | - Wenjie Su
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingang Qi
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyue Feng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lanqi Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan 637000, PR China.
| | - Jixin Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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16
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Schwey A, Battaglia D, Bahuguna J, Malfait N. Different Faces of Medial Beta-Band Activity Reflect Distinct Visuomotor Feedback Signals. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8472-8486. [PMID: 37845035 PMCID: PMC10711699 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2238-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Beta-band (13-35 Hz) modulations following reward, task outcome feedback, and error have been described in cognitive and/or motor adaptation tasks. Observations from different studies are, however, difficult to conciliate. Among the studies that used cognitive response selection tasks, several reported an increase in beta-band activity following reward, whereas others observed increased beta power after negative feedback. Moreover, in motor adaptation tasks, an attenuation of the postmovement beta rebound follows a movement execution error induced by visual or mechanical perturbations. Given that kinematic error typically leads to negative task-outcome feedback (e.g., target missed), one may wonder how contradictory modulations, beta power decrease with movement error versus beta power increase with negative feedback, may coexist. We designed a motor adaptation task in which female and male participants experience varied feedbacks-binary success/failure feedback, kinematic error, and sensory-prediction error-and demonstrate that beta-band modulations in opposite directions coexist at different spatial locations, time windows, and frequency ranges. First, high beta power in the medial frontal cortex showed opposite modulations well separated in time when compared in success and failure trials; that is, power was higher in success trials just after the binary success feedback, whereas it was lower in the postmovement period compared with failure trials. Second, although medial frontal high-beta activity was sensitive to task outcome, low-beta power in the medial parietal cortex was strongly attenuated following movement execution error but was not affected by either the outcome of the task or sensory-prediction error. These findings suggest that medial beta activity in different spatio-temporal-spectral configurations play a multifaceted role in encoding qualitatively distinct feedback signals.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Beta-band activity reflects neural processes well beyond sensorimotor functions, including cognition and motivation. By disentangling alternative spatio-temporal-spectral patterns of possible beta-oscillatory activity, we reconcile a seemingly discrepant literature. First, high-beta power in the medial frontal cortex showed opposite modulations separated in time in success and failure trials; power was higher in success trials just after success feedback and lower in the postmovement period compared with failure trials. Second, although medial frontal high-beta activity was sensitive to task outcome, low-beta power in the medial parietal cortex was strongly attenuated following movement execution error but was not affected by the task outcome or the sensory-prediction error. We propose that medial beta activity reflects distinct feedback signals depending on its anatomic location, time window, and frequency range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Schwey
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7289, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Demian Battaglia
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7289, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institut d'Etudes Avancées de l'Université de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jyotika Bahuguna
- Institut d'Etudes Avancées de l'Université de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Nicole Malfait
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7289, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
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17
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Cheng S, Ding Z, Chen C, Sun W, Jiang T, Liu X, Zhang M. The effect of choice on memory: The role of theta oscillations. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14390. [PMID: 37455343 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
People value the opportunity to exercise control over the environment or make their own choices. Recent studies have revealed that simply having the opportunity to make choices can facilitate memory performance, suggesting an interaction between reward (due to choice making) and memory systems. However, little is known about the electrophysiological basis of choice-related memory. In the current study, we used scalp electroencephalography combined with a choice encoding task to examine the role of theta oscillations (which have been widely connected to reward and memory processing) in choice-related memory formation. The encoding task had two conditions. In the choice condition, participants were asked to choose between two occluded memoranda by themselves, whereas in the fixed condition, the decision was made by the computer. Behavioral results showed the choice effect, with better performance in the choice condition than the fixed condition on the recognition test given after a 24-h delay. Increases in theta power during an early latency of encoding period predicted successful memory formation in the choice condition, but not in the fixed condition. Furthermore, decreases in theta power during a late latency predicted successful memory formation in both the fixed and the choice conditions. Finally, we observed increased theta power in the choice condition compared to the fixed condition during an early latency of encoding period and decreased theta power in the choice condition compared to the fixed condition during a late latency. Our results suggest that theta oscillations play a significant role in choice-related memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, P.R. China
- General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhuolei Ding
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Wenxiang Sun
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, P.R. China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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18
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Junker FB, Schmidt‐Wilcke T, Schnitzler A, Lange J. Temporal dynamics of oscillatory activity during nonlexical language decoding: Evidence from Morse code and magnetoencephalography. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:6185-6197. [PMID: 37792277 PMCID: PMC10619365 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding encoded languages, such as written script or Morse code, requires nonlexical and lexical processing components that act in a parallel and interactive fashion. Decoding written script-as for example in reading-is typically very fast, making the investigation of the lexical and nonlexical components and their underlying neural mechanisms challenging. In the current study, we aimed to accomplish this problem by using Morse code as a model for language decoding. The decoding of Morse code is slower and thus allows a better and more fine-grained investigation of the lexical and nonlexical components of language decoding. In the current study, we investigated the impact of various components of nonlexical decoding of Morse code using magnetoencephalography. For this purpose, we reconstructed the time-frequency responses below 40 Hz in brain regions significantly involved in Morse code decoding and word comprehension that were identified in a previous study. Event-related reduction in beta- and alpha-band power were found in left inferior frontal cortex and angular gyrus, respectively, while event-related theta-band power increase was found at frontal midline. These induced oscillations reflect working-memory encoding, long-term memory retrieval as well as demanding cognitive control, respectively. In sum, by using Morse code and MEG, we were able to identify a cortical network underlying language decoding in a time- and frequency-resolved manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Benjamin Junker
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical FacultyHeinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Tobias Schmidt‐Wilcke
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical FacultyHeinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
- Neurological Center MainkofenDeggendorfGermany
| | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical FacultyHeinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Joachim Lange
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical FacultyHeinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
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19
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Jackson LE, Han YJ, Evans LH. The efficacy of electroencephalography neurofeedback for enhancing episodic memory in healthy and clinical participants: A systematic qualitative review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105455. [PMID: 37926240 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have examined whether electroencephalography neurofeedback (EEG-NF), a self-regulatory technique where an individual receives real-time feedback on a pattern of brain activity that is theoretically linked to a target behaviour, can enhance episodic memory. The aim of this research was to i) provide a qualitative overview of the literature, and ii) conduct a meta-analysis of appropriately controlled studies to determine whether EEG-NF can enhance episodic memory. The literature search returned 46 studies, with 21 studies (44 effect sizes) meeting the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The qualitative overview revealed that, across EEG-NF studies on both healthy and clinical populations, procedures and protocols vary considerably and many studies were insufficiently powered with inadequate design features. The meta-analysis, conducted on studies with an active control, revealed a small-size, significant positive effect of EEG-NF on episodic memory performance (g = 0.31, p = 0.003), moderated by memory modality and EEG-NF self-regulation success. These results are discussed with a view towards optimising EEG-NF training and subsequent benefits to episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy E Jackson
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK
| | - Yi-Jhong Han
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London SE5 9RJ, England, UK
| | - Lisa H Evans
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, Wales, UK.
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20
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Villafane Barraza V, Voegtle A, de Matos Mansur B, Reichert C, Nasuto SJ, Sweeney-Reed CM. Parietal cortical alpha/beta suppression during prospective memory retrieval. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11235-11246. [PMID: 37804246 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) impairment is among the most frequent memory complaints, yet little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. PM for a planned intention may be achieved through strategic monitoring of the environment for cues, involving ongoing attentional processes, or through spontaneous retrieval. We hypothesized that parietal spectral power modulation accompanies prospectively encoded intention retrieval, irrespective of PM retrieval approach. A cognitively engaging arithmetic-based ongoing task (OGT) was employed to encourage spontaneous retrieval, with a focal, internally generated PM cue to eliminate OGT/PM trial differentiation based on perceptual or conceptual PM cue features. Two PM repetition frequencies were used to vary the extent of strategic monitoring. We observed a transient parietal alpha/beta spectral power reduction directly preceding the response, which was distinguishable on a single trial basis, as revealed by an OGT/PM trial classification rate exceeding 70% using linear discriminant analysis. The alpha/beta idling rhythm reflects cortical inhibition. A disengagement of task-relevant neural assemblies from this rhythm, reflected in alpha/beta power reduction, is deemed to increase information content, facilitate information integration, and enable engagement of neural assemblies in task-related cortical networks. The observed power reduction is consistent with the Dual Pathways model, where PM strategies converge at the PM retrieval stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Villafane Barraza
- Neurocybernetics and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Angela Voegtle
- Neurocybernetics and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bruno de Matos Mansur
- Neurocybernetics and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Reichert
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Slawomir J Nasuto
- Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Division, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine M Sweeney-Reed
- Neurocybernetics and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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21
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Violante IR, Alania K, Cassarà AM, Neufeld E, Acerbo E, Carron R, Williamson A, Kurtin DL, Rhodes E, Hampshire A, Kuster N, Boyden ES, Pascual-Leone A, Grossman N. Non-invasive temporal interference electrical stimulation of the human hippocampus. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1994-2004. [PMID: 37857775 PMCID: PMC10620081 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01456-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) via implanted electrodes is used worldwide to treat patients with severe neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, its invasiveness precludes widespread clinical use and deployment in research. Temporal interference (TI) is a strategy for non-invasive steerable DBS using multiple kHz-range electric fields with a difference frequency within the range of neural activity. Here we report the validation of the non-invasive DBS concept in humans. We used electric field modeling and measurements in a human cadaver to verify that the locus of the transcranial TI stimulation can be steerably focused in the hippocampus with minimal exposure to the overlying cortex. We then used functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral experiments to show that TI stimulation can focally modulate hippocampal activity and enhance the accuracy of episodic memories in healthy humans. Our results demonstrate targeted, non-invasive electrical stimulation of deep structures in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines R Violante
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - Ketevan Alania
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonino M Cassarà
- Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT'IS), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Esra Neufeld
- Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT'IS), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emma Acerbo
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Romain Carron
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France
- Department of Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Adam Williamson
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Marseille, France
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Danielle L Kurtin
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Edward Rhodes
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Adam Hampshire
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Niels Kuster
- Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT'IS), Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edward S Boyden
- Departments of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Media Arts and Sciences, and Biological Engineering, McGovern and Koch Institutes, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Deanna and Sidney Wolk Center for Memory Health, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nir Grossman
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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22
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Maoz SLL, Stangl M, Topalovic U, Batista D, Hiller S, Aghajan ZM, Knowlton B, Stern J, Langevin JP, Fried I, Eliashiv D, Suthana N. Dynamic neural representations of memory and space during human ambulatory navigation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6643. [PMID: 37863929 PMCID: PMC10589239 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Our ability to recall memories of personal experiences is an essential part of daily life. These episodic memories often involve movement through space and thus require continuous encoding of one's position relative to the surrounding environment. The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is thought to be critically involved, based on studies in freely moving rodents and stationary humans. However, it remains unclear if and how the MTL represents both space and memory especially during physical navigation, given challenges associated with deep brain recordings in humans during movement. We recorded intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) activity while participants completed an ambulatory spatial memory task within an immersive virtual reality environment. MTL theta activity was modulated by successful memory retrieval or spatial positions within the environment, depending on dynamically changing behavioral goals. Altogether, these results demonstrate how human MTL oscillations can represent both memory and space in a temporally flexible manner during freely moving navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina L L Maoz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Matthias Stangl
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Uros Topalovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Daniel Batista
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Sonja Hiller
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Zahra M Aghajan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Barbara Knowlton
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - John Stern
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Langevin
- Neurosurgery Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Itzhak Fried
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Dawn Eliashiv
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Nanthia Suthana
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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23
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Wynn SC, Townsend CD, Nyhus E. The role of theta and gamma oscillations in item memory, source memory, and memory confidence. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.18.562880. [PMID: 37905099 PMCID: PMC10614855 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.18.562880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Theta and gamma oscillations have been linked to episodic memory processes in various studies. Both oscillations seem to be vital for processes guided by the medial temporal lobe, such as the retrieval of information from memory. While theta oscillations increase with successful memory, it is unclear what the unique contribution of theta is to various subcomponents of memory. On the other hand, memory-related gamma oscillations have been mainly reported in the hippocampus, leaving the role of neocortical gamma in memory underexplored. In the current study, we explored how unique variability in memory accuracy and memory confidence contributes to fluctuations in theta and gamma power. To this end, we recorded EEG from 54 participants while they performed a source memory task. From this task we obtained their item memory accuracy, source memory accuracy, item memory confidence, and source memory confidence. These behavioral measures were put in a trial-by-trial linear mixed effects model to uncover their unique contribution to the oscillatory power in frontal and parietal regions. Our results are in line with the involvement of theta oscillations in both memory accuracy and confidence, but seem to indicate a main role for theta oscillations in memory-related confidence. In addition, we found that gamma oscillations play various roles in memory-processing, dependent of brain region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syanah C Wynn
- Neuroimaging Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, United States
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher D Townsend
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Erika Nyhus
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, United States
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24
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Herz N, Bukala BR, Kragel JE, Kahana MJ. Hippocampal activity predicts contextual misattribution of false memories. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305292120. [PMID: 37751551 PMCID: PMC10556612 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305292120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Failure of contextual retrieval can lead to false recall, wherein people retrieve an item or experience that occurred in a different context or did not occur at all. Whereas the hippocampus is thought to play a crucial role in memory retrieval, we lack understanding of how the hippocampus supports retrieval of items related to a target context while disregarding related but irrelevant information. Using direct electrical recordings from the human hippocampus, we investigate the neural process underlying contextual misattribution of false memories. In two large datasets, we characterize key physiological differences between correct and false recalls that emerge immediately prior to vocalization. By differentiating between false recalls that share high or low contextual similarity with the target context, we show that low-frequency activity (6 to 18 Hz) in the hippocampus tracks similarity between the current and retrieved context. Applying multivariate decoding methods, we were able to reliably predict the contextual source of the to-be-recalled item. Our findings elucidate one of the hallmark features of episodic memory: our ability to distinguish between memories that were formed on different occasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Herz
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Bernard R. Bukala
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - James E. Kragel
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637
| | - Michael J. Kahana
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
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25
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Griffiths BJ, Jensen O. Gamma oscillations and episodic memory. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:832-846. [PMID: 37550159 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced gamma oscillatory activity (30-80 Hz) accompanies the successful formation and retrieval of episodic memories. While this co-occurrence is well documented, the mechanistic contributions of gamma oscillatory activity to episodic memory remain unclear. Here, we review how gamma oscillatory activity may facilitate spike timing-dependent plasticity, neural communication, and sequence encoding/retrieval, thereby ensuring the successful formation and/or retrieval of an episodic memory. Based on the evidence reviewed, we propose that multiple, distinct forms of gamma oscillation can be found within the canonical gamma band, each of which has a complementary role in the neural processes listed above. Further exploration of these theories using causal manipulations may be key to elucidating the relevance of gamma oscillatory activity to episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ole Jensen
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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26
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Gjorgieva E, Morales-Torres R, Cabeza R, Woldorff MG. Neural retrieval processes occur more rapidly for visual mental images that were previously encoded with high-vividness. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10234-10244. [PMID: 37526263 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Visual mental imagery refers to our ability to experience visual images in the absence of sensory stimulation. Studies have shown that visual mental imagery can improve episodic memory. However, we have limited understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying this improvement. Using electroencephalography, we examined the neural processes associated with the retrieval of previously generated visual mental images, focusing on how the vividness at generation can modulate retrieval processes. Participants viewed word stimuli referring to common objects, forming a visual mental image of each word and rating the vividness of the mental image. This was followed by a surprise old/new recognition task. We compared retrieval performance for items rated as high- versus low-vividness at encoding. High-vividness items were retrieved with faster reaction times and higher confidence ratings in the memory judgment. While controlling for confidence, neural measures indicated that high-vividness items produced an earlier decrease in alpha-band activity at retrieval compared with low-vividness items, suggesting an earlier memory reinstatement. Even when low-vividness items were remembered with high confidence, they were not retrieved as quickly as high-vividness items. These results indicate that when highly vivid mental images are encoded, the speed of their retrieval occurs more rapidly, relative to low-vivid items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Gjorgieva
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Ricardo Morales-Torres
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Roberto Cabeza
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Marty G Woldorff
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
- Departtment of Psychiatry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
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27
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Zhao C, Chen Y, Han Z, Guo C. Chinese character unitization enhances item memory in addition to associative memory: Evidence from ERP and TFR. Biol Psychol 2023; 182:108644. [PMID: 37467846 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
While the effect of unitization on associative memory has been established, its effect on item memory remains debated. This study aimed to investigate the influence of unitization on item memory using Chinese characters to manipulate unitization and recording scalp EEG to elucidate the underlying neural mechanisms. In the learning phase, participants were asked to determine whether the character pairs presented could form a Chinese compound character. In the subsequent testing phase, participants performed item recognition and associative recognition tasks. Behavioral results revealed that unitization not only improved associative memory but also facilitated item memory. Event-related potential analysis indicated there were FN400 effect (related to familiarity) and LPC effect (related to recollection) during associative recognition after unitization, however, only the LPC effect was observed for the item recognition. More importantly, time-frequency analysis demonstrated stronger θ oscillations (associated with recollection) in the unitized condition compared to the non-unitized condition, which further partially mediated the reduction in RT during the item recognition. These results suggest that unitization enhances item memory through recollection, thereby leading to more confident recognition judgments, and that unitization does not impair item processing within an association but rather enables more precise and accurate processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Chen
- College of Elementary Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zaizhu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
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28
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Li YP, Wang Y, Turk-Browne NB, Kuhl BA, Hutchinson JB. Perception and memory retrieval states are reflected in distributed patterns of background functional connectivity. Neuroimage 2023; 276:120221. [PMID: 37290674 PMCID: PMC10484747 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The same visual input can serve as the target of perception or as a trigger for memory retrieval depending on whether cognitive processing is externally oriented (perception) or internally oriented (memory retrieval). While numerous human neuroimaging studies have characterized how visual stimuli are differentially processed during perception versus memory retrieval, perception and memory retrieval may also be associated with distinct neural states that are independent of stimulus-evoked neural activity. Here, we combined human fMRI with full correlation matrix analysis (FCMA) to reveal potential differences in "background" functional connectivity across perception and memory retrieval states. We found that perception and retrieval states could be discriminated with high accuracy based on patterns of connectivity across (1) the control network, (2) the default mode network (DMN), and (3) retrosplenial cortex (RSC). In particular, clusters in the control network increased connectivity with each other during the perception state, whereas clusters in the DMN were more strongly coupled during the retrieval state. Interestingly, RSC switched its coupling between networks as the cognitive state shifted from retrieval to perception. Finally, we show that background connectivity (1) was fully independent from stimulus-related variance in the signal and, further, (2) captured distinct aspects of cognitive states compared to traditional classification of stimulus-evoked responses. Together, our results reveal that perception and memory retrieval are associated with sustained cognitive states that manifest as distinct patterns of connectivity among large-scale brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Peeta Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States.
| | - Yida Wang
- Amazon Web Services, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas B Turk-Browne
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Brice A Kuhl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
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29
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Justus SA, Mirjalili S, Powell PS, Duarte A. Neural reinstatement of context memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:8546-8556. [PMID: 37106572 PMCID: PMC10321090 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with episodic memory impairment. However, episodic memories include a variety of contextual details, and it is difficult to solely rely on behavioral data to assess how specifically (i.e. event-specific reinstatement) an event is remembered. We applied encoding-retrieval representational similarity (ERS) analysis to EEG data to assess event-specific ERS for object-context associations in a sample of 34 adults (17 with, 17 without ASD). Participants studied objects presented alongside 2 contextual features: scene/color, and attention was directed toward one object-context relationship. At retrieval, memory was assessed for the object and both contexts. Behavioral results revealed no group differences in item or context memory performance. ERS results revealed group temporal differences in reinstatement. Results may indicate differences in both encoding (i.e. fewer perceptual details) and retrieval (i.e. ineffectively skipping through memory fragments) in ASD and should be further investigated in studies modulating the perceptual detail required for memory decisions. Results highlight the utility of ERS as a methodology used to evaluate episodic reinstatement even in the absence of behavioral differences in memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidni A Justus
- Department of Psychological Science, Kennesaw State University, 402 Bartow Ave NW, Kennesaw, GA 30144, United States
| | - Soroush Mirjalili
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E Dean Keeton St, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Patrick S Powell
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta GA 30333, United States
| | - Audrey Duarte
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E Dean Keeton St, Austin, TX 78712, United States
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30
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Arulchelvan E, Vanneste S. Promising neurostimulation routes for targeting the hippocampus to improve episodic memory: A review. Brain Res 2023:148457. [PMID: 37315722 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to highlight modern neurostimulation approaches that are effectively activating the hippocampus and enhancing episodic memory performance. The hippocampus is a brain region known to play an essential role in episodic memory processes. However, as it is nestled deep within the brain, it has been a challenging target for traditional neurostimulation approaches, with studies reporting inconsistent memory effects. Recent studies suggest more than half of the electrical current from non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) methods may be attenuated by the human scalp, skull, and cerebral spinal fluid. Thus, this review aims to highlight novel neurostimulation approaches that are showing promise as alternative routes for activating hippocampal circuitry. Early evidence suggests temporal interference, closed-loop and individualized protocols, sensory stimulation and peripheral nerve-targeted tES protocols warrant further investigation. These approaches each provide promising routes for activating the hippocampus by a) increasing its functional connectiveness to key brain regions, b) strengthening synaptic plasticity mechanisms, or c) enhancing neural entrainment specifically within and between theta and gamma frequencies in these regions. Importantly, these three functional mechanisms and the hippocampus' structural integrity are negatively impacted throughout the progression of Alzheimer's Disease, with episodic memory deficits likewise evident in early stages. Consequently, depending on further validation of the approaches reviewed here, these techniques could offer significant applied therapeutic value for patients suffering from memory deficits or neurodegenerative diseases including amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elva Arulchelvan
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Global Brain Health Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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31
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Rassi E, Lin WM, Zhang Y, Emmerzaal J, Haegens S. β Band Rhythms Influence Reaction Times. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0473-22.2023. [PMID: 37364994 PMCID: PMC10312120 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0473-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their involvement in many cognitive functions, β oscillations are among the least understood brain rhythms. Reports on whether the functional role of β is primarily inhibitory or excitatory have been contradictory. Our framework attempts to reconcile these findings and proposes that several β rhythms co-exist at different frequencies. β Frequency shifts and their potential influence on behavior have thus far received little attention. In this human magnetoencephalography (MEG) experiment, we asked whether changes in β power or frequency in auditory cortex and motor cortex influence behavior (reaction times) during an auditory sweep discrimination task. We found that in motor cortex, increased β power slowed down responses, while in auditory cortex, increased β frequency slowed down responses. We further characterized β as transient burst events with distinct spectro-temporal profiles influencing reaction times. Finally, we found that increased motor-to-auditory β connectivity also slowed down responses. In sum, β power, frequency, bursting properties, cortical focus, and connectivity profile all influenced behavioral outcomes. Our results imply that the study of β oscillations requires caution as β dynamics are multifaceted phenomena, and that several dynamics must be taken into account to reconcile mixed findings in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Rassi
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Wy Ming Lin
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Hector Research Institute for Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Jill Emmerzaal
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Human Movement Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3500 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Saskia Haegens
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
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32
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Popov T, Staudigl T. Cortico-ocular Coupling in the Service of Episodic Memory Formation. Prog Neurobiol 2023; 227:102476. [PMID: 37268034 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Encoding of visual information is a necessary requirement for most types of episodic memories. In search for a neural signature of memory formation, amplitude modulation of neural activity has been repeatedly shown to correlate with and suggested to be functionally involved in successful memory encoding. We here report a complementary view on why and how brain activity relates to memory, indicating a functional role of cortico-ocular interactions for episodic memory formation. Recording simultaneous magnetoencephalography and eye tracking in 35 human participants, we demonstrate that gaze variability and amplitude modulations of alpha/beta oscillations (10-20Hz) in visual cortex covary and predict subsequent memory performance between and within participants. Amplitude variation during pre-stimulus baseline was associated with gaze direction variability, echoing the co-variation observed during scene encoding. We conclude that encoding of visual information engages unison coupling between oculomotor and visual areas in the service of memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzvetan Popov
- Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Tobias Staudigl
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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33
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Pavlova A, Tyulenev N, Tretyakova V, Skavronskaya V, Nikolaeva A, Prokofyev A, Stroganova T, Chernyshev B. Learning of new associations invokes a major change in modulations of cortical beta oscillations in human adults. Psychophysiology 2023:e14284. [PMID: 36906906 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale cortical beta (β) oscillations were implicated in the learning processes, but their exact role is debated. We used MEG to explore the dynamics of movement-related β-oscillations while 22 adults learned, through trial and error, novel associations between four auditory pseudowords and movements of four limbs. As learning proceeded, spatial-temporal characteristics of β-oscillations accompanying cue-triggered movements underwent a major transition. Early in learning, widespread suppression of β-power occurred long before movement initiation and sustained throughout the whole behavioral trial. When learning advanced and performance reached asymptote, β-suppression after the initiation of correct motor response was replaced by a rise in β-power mainly in the prefrontal and medial temporal regions of the left hemisphere. This post-decision β-power predicted trial-by-trial response times (RT) at both stages of learning (before and after the rules become familiar), but with different signs of interaction. When a subject just started to acquire associative rules and gradually improved task performance, a decrease in RT correlated with the increase in the post-decision β-band power. When the participants implemented the already acquired rules, faster (more confident) responses were associated with the weaker post-decision β-band synchronization. Our findings suggest that maximal beta activity is pertinent to a distinct stage of learning and may serve to strengthen the newly learned association in a distributed memory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pavlova
- Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Department of Psychology, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikita Tyulenev
- Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vera Tretyakova
- Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriya Skavronskaya
- Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia Nikolaeva
- Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Prokofyev
- Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Stroganova
- Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Boris Chernyshev
- Center for Neurocognitive Research (MEG Center), Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Department of Psychology, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Department of Higher Nervous Activity, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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34
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Karlsson AE, Sander MC. Altered alpha/beta desynchronization during item-context binding contributes to the associative deficit in older age. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:2455-2469. [PMID: 35750026 PMCID: PMC10016059 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is proposed that older adults have difficulties to bind item and context and to recruit deep, elaborative processing during encoding. Senescent changes in the oscillatory foundations of these processes are currently unclear. We recorded electroencephalography during item-context memory formation in younger (n = 57) and older (n = 55) adults. At test, we assessed memory for the items and the item-context pairs and examined encoding-related activity based on how much information was recovered at retrieval (miss < item-only < pair). Item memory was comparable between age groups while pair memory was reduced in the older adults. Theta synchronization and alpha/beta desynchronization increased linearly with the amount of information available. Single-trial theta power could not predict subsequent item memory, but predicted pair memory in an age-invariant manner, in line with a mechanism supporting associative memory. In contrast, single-trial alpha/beta power predicted both item and pair memory, in line with a mechanism reflecting the depth of information processing, and predicted pair memory less well in the older than the younger adults. Thus, theta and alpha/beta oscillations contribute differently in shaping the contents of memories and reduced processing capacity contributes to episodic memory decline in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Karlsson
- Corresponding author: Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Center for Lifespan Psychology, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Myriam C Sander
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Center for Lifespan Psychology, Berlin, Germany
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35
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Wang D, Parish G, Shapiro KL, Hanslmayr S. Interaction between Theta Phase and Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity Simulates Theta-Induced Memory Effects. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0333-22.2023. [PMID: 36810147 PMCID: PMC10012328 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0333-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rodent studies suggest that spike timing relative to hippocampal theta activity determines whether potentiation or depression of synapses arise. Such changes also depend on spike timing between presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons, known as spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). STDP, together with theta phase-dependent learning, has inspired several computational models of learning and memory. However, evidence to elucidate how these mechanisms directly link to human episodic memory is lacking. In a computational model, we modulate long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) of STDP, by opposing phases of a simulated theta rhythm. We fit parameters to a hippocampal cell culture study in which LTP and LTD were observed to occur in opposing phases of a theta rhythm. Further, we modulated two inputs by cosine waves with 0° and asynchronous phase offsets and replicate key findings in human episodic memory. Learning advantage was found for the in-phase condition, compared with the out-of-phase conditions, and was specific to theta-modulated inputs. Importantly, simulations with and without each mechanism suggest that both STDP and theta phase-dependent plasticity are necessary to replicate the findings. Together, the results indicate a role for circuit-level mechanisms, which bridge the gap between slice preparation studies and human memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danying Wang
- School for Psychology and Neuroscience and Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology and Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - George Parish
- School of Psychology and Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Kimron L Shapiro
- School of Psychology and Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Hanslmayr
- School for Psychology and Neuroscience and Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology and Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Dysfunction of NRG1/ErbB4 Signaling in the Hippocampus Might Mediate Long-term Memory Decline After Systemic Inflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3210-3226. [PMID: 36840846 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested that a great proportion of sepsis survivors suffer from long-term cognitive impairments after hospital discharge, leading to decreased life quality and substantial caregiving burdens for family members. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we established a mouse model of systemic inflammation by repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections. A combination of behavioral tests, biochemical, and in vivo electrophysiology techniques were conducted to test whether abnormal NRG1/ErbB4 signaling, parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, and hippocampal neural oscillations were involved in memory decline after repeated LPS injections. Here, we showed that LPS induced long-term memory decline, which was accompanied by dysfunction of NRG1/ErbB4 signaling and PV interneurons, and decreased theta and gamma oscillations. Notably, NRG1 treatment reversed LPS-induced decreases in p-ErbB4 and PV expressions, abnormalities in theta and gamma oscillations, and long-term memory decline. Together, our study demonstrated that dysfunction of NRG1/ErbB4 signaling in the hippocampus might mediate long-term memory decline in a mouse model of systemic inflammation induced by repeated LPS injections. Thus, targeting NRG1/ErbB4 signaling in the hippocampus may be promising for the prevention and treatment of this long-term memory decline.
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37
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Towards a systematization of brain oscillatory activity in actions. Commun Biol 2023; 6:137. [PMID: 36732548 PMCID: PMC9894929 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04531-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Information processing in the brain is governed by oscillatory activity. Activity oscillations in specific frequency bands (theta, alpha, beta and gamma) have been associated with various cognitive functions. A drawback of this is that the plethora of findings led to considerable uncertainty as to the functional relevance of activity in different frequency bands and their interrelation. Here, we use a novel cognitive-science theoretical framework to better understand and conceptually harmonize neurophysiological research on human action control. We outline how this validated starting point can systematize and probably reframe the functional relevance of oscillatory activity relevant for action control and beyond.
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Nikolaev AR, Bramão I, Johansson R, Johansson M. Episodic memory formation in unrestricted viewing. Neuroimage 2023; 266:119821. [PMID: 36535321 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain systems of episodic memory and oculomotor control are tightly linked, suggesting a crucial role of eye movements in memory. But little is known about the neural mechanisms of memory formation across eye movements in unrestricted viewing behavior. Here, we leverage simultaneous eye tracking and EEG recording to examine episodic memory formation in free viewing. Participants memorized multi-element events while their EEG and eye movements were concurrently recorded. Each event comprised elements from three categories (face, object, place), with two exemplars from each category, in different locations on the screen. A subsequent associative memory test assessed participants' memory for the between-category associations that specified each event. We used a deconvolution approach to overcome the problem of overlapping EEG responses to sequential saccades in free viewing. Brain activity was time-locked to the fixation onsets, and we examined EEG power in the theta and alpha frequency bands, the putative oscillatory correlates of episodic encoding mechanisms. Three modulations of fixation-related EEG predicted high subsequent memory performance: (1) theta increase at fixations after between-category gaze transitions, (2) theta and alpha increase at fixations after within-element gaze transitions, (3) alpha decrease at fixations after between-exemplar gaze transitions. Thus, event encoding with unrestricted viewing behavior was characterized by three neural mechanisms, manifested in fixation-locked theta and alpha EEG activity that rapidly turned on and off during the unfolding eye movement sequences. These three distinct neural mechanisms may be the essential building blocks that subserve the buildup of coherent episodic memories during unrestricted viewing behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey R Nikolaev
- Department of Psychology, Lund Memory Lab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Brain and Cognition Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Inês Bramão
- Department of Psychology, Lund Memory Lab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Roger Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Lund Memory Lab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Lund Memory Lab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Hippocampal Theta and Episodic Memory. J Neurosci 2023; 43:613-620. [PMID: 36639900 PMCID: PMC9888505 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1045-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational models of rodent physiology implicate hippocampal theta as a key modulator of learning and memory (Buzsáki and Moser, 2013; Lisman and Jensen, 2013), yet human hippocampal recordings have shown divergent theta correlates of memory formation. Herweg et al. (2020) suggest that decreases in memory-related broadband power mask narrowband theta increases. Their survey also notes that the theta oscillations appear most prominently in contrasts that isolate memory retrieval processes and when aggregating signals across large brain regions. We evaluate these hypotheses by analyzing human hippocampal recordings captured as 162 neurosurgical patients (n = 86 female) performed a free recall task. Using the Irregular-Resampling Auto-Spectral Analysis (IRASA) to separate broad and narrowband components of the field potential, we show that (1) broadband and narrowband components of theta exhibit opposite effects, with broadband signals decreasing and narrowband theta increasing during successful encoding; (2) whereas low-frequency theta oscillations increase before successful recall, higher-frequency theta and alpha oscillations decrease, masking the positive effect of theta when aggregating across the full band; and (3) the effects of theta on memory encoding and retrieval do not differ between reference schemes that accentuate local signals (bipolar) and those that aggregate signals globally (whole-brain average). In line with computational models that ascribe a fundamental role for hippocampal theta in memory, our large-scale study of human hippocampal recordings shows that 3-4 Hz theta oscillations reliably increase during successful memory encoding and before spontaneous recall of previously studied items.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Analyzing recordings from 162 participants, we resolve a long-standing question regarding the role of hippocampal theta oscillations in the formation and retrieval of episodic memories. We show that broadband spectral changes confound estimates of narrowband theta activity, thereby accounting for inconsistent results in the literature. After accounting for broadband effects, we find that increased theta activity marks successful encoding and retrieval of episodic memories, supporting rodent models that ascribe a key role for hippocampal theta in memory function.
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Tactile expectancy modulates occipital alpha oscillations in early blindness. Neuroimage 2023; 265:119790. [PMID: 36476566 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha oscillatory activity is thought to contribute to visual expectancy through the engagement of task-relevant occipital regions. In early blindness, occipital alpha oscillations are systematically reduced, suggesting that occipital alpha depends on visual experience. However, it remains possible that alpha activity could serve expectancy in non-visual modalities in blind people, especially considering that previous research has shown the recruitment of the occipital cortex for non-visual processing. To test this idea, we used electroencephalography to examine whether alpha oscillations reflected a differential recruitment of task-relevant regions between expected and unexpected conditions in two haptic tasks (texture and shape discrimination). As expected, sensor-level analyses showed that alpha suppression in parieto-occipital sites was significantly reduced in early blind individuals compared with sighted participants. The source reconstruction analysis revealed that group differences originated in the middle occipital cortex. In that region, expected trials evoked higher alpha desynchronization than unexpected trials in the early blind group only. Our results support the role of alpha rhythms in the recruitment of occipital areas in early blind participants, and for the first time we show that although posterior alpha activity is reduced in blindness, it remains sensitive to expectancy factors. Our findings therefore suggest that occipital alpha activity is involved in tactile expectancy in blind individuals, serving a similar function to visual anticipation in sighted populations but switched to the tactile modality. Altogether, our results indicate that expectancy-dependent modulation of alpha oscillatory activity does not depend on visual experience. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Are posterior alpha oscillations and their role in expectancy and anticipation dependent on visual experience? Our results show that tactile expectancy can modulate posterior alpha activity in blind (but not sighted) individuals through the engagement of occipital regions, suggesting that in early blindness, alpha oscillations maintain their proposed role in visual anticipation but subserve tactile processing. Our findings bring a new understanding of the role that alpha oscillatory activity plays in blindness, contrasting with the view that alpha activity is task unspecific in blind populations.
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Coleman SC, Seedat ZA, Whittaker AC, Lenartowicz A, Mullinger KJ. Beyond the Beta Rebound: Post-Task Responses in Oscillatory Activity follow Cessation of Working Memory Processes. Neuroimage 2023; 265:119801. [PMID: 36496181 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-task responses (PTRs) are transitionary responses occurring for several seconds between the end of a stimulus/task and a period of rest. The most well-studied of these are beta band (13 - 30 Hz) PTRs in motor networks following movement, often called post-movement beta rebounds, which have been shown to differ in patients with schizophrenia and autism. Previous studies have proposed that beta PTRs reflect inhibition of task-positive networks to enable a return to resting brain activity, scaling with cognitive demand and reflecting cortical self-regulation. It is unknown whether PTRs are a phenomenon of the motor system, or whether they are a more general self-modulatory property of cortex that occur following cessation of higher cognitive processes as well as movement. To test this, we recorded magnetoencephalography (MEG) responses in 20 healthy participants to a working-memory task, known to recruit cortical networks associated with higher cognition. Our results revealed PTRs in the theta, alpha and beta bands across many regions of the brain, including the dorsal attention network (DAN) and lateral visual regions. These PTRs increased significantly (p < 0.05) in magnitude with working-memory load, an effect which is independent of oscillatory modulations occurring over the task period as well as those following individual stimuli. Furthermore, we showed that PTRs are functionally related to reaction times in left lateral visual (p < 0.05) and left parietal (p < 0.1) regions, while the oscillatory responses measured during the task period are not. Importantly, motor PTRs following button presses did not modulate with task condition, suggesting that PTRs in different networks are driven by different aspects of cognition. Our findings show that PTRs are not limited to motor networks but are widespread in regions which are recruited during the task. We provide evidence that PTRs have unique properties, scaling with cognitive load and correlating significantly with behaviour. Based on the evidence, we suggest that PTRs inhibit task-positive network activity to enable a transition to rest, however, further investigation is required to uncover their role in neuroscience and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian C Coleman
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Zelekha A Seedat
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Young Epilepsy, St Pier's Lane, Dormansland, Lingfield, RH7 6PW, UK
| | - Anna C Whittaker
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Agatha Lenartowicz
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles
| | - Karen J Mullinger
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK.
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42
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Gupta A, Bhushan B, Behera L. Neural response to sad autobiographical recall and sad music listening post recall reveals distinct brain activation in alpha and gamma bands. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279814. [PMID: 36607985 PMCID: PMC9821717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although apparently paradoxical, sad music has been effective in coping with sad life experiences. The underpinning brain neural correlates of this are not well explored. We performed Electroencephalography (EEG) source-level analysis for the brain during a sad autobiographical recall (SAR) and upon exposure to sad music. We specifically investigated the Cingulate cortex complex and Parahippocampus (PHC) regions, areas prominently involved in emotion and memory processing. Results show enhanced alpha band lag phase-synchronization in the brain during sad music listening, especially within and between the Posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and (PHC) compared to SAR. This enhancement was lateralized for alpha1 and alpha2 bands in the left and right hemispheres, respectively. We also observed a significant increase in alpha2 brain current source density (CSD) during sad music listening compared to SAR and baseline resting state in the region of interest (ROI). Brain during SAR condition had enhanced right hemisphere lateralized functional connectivity and CSD in gamma band compared to sad music listening and baseline resting state. Our findings show that the brain during the SAR state had enhanced gamma-band activity, signifying increased content binding capacity. At the same time, the brain is associated with an enhanced alpha band activity while sad music listening, signifying increased content-specific information processing. Thus, the results suggest that the brain's neural correlates during sad music listening are distinct from the SAR state as well as the baseline resting state and facilitate enhanced content-specific information processing potentially through three-channel neural pathways-(1) by enhancing the network connectivity in the region of interest (ROI), (2) by enhancing local cortical integration of areas in ROI, and (3) by enhancing sustained attention. We argue that enhanced content-specific information processing possibly supports the positive experience during sad music listening post a sad experience in a healthy population. Finally, we propose that sadness has two different characteristics under SAR state and sad music listening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Gupta
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Braj Bhushan
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Laxmidhar Behera
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
- School of Computing and Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, India
- * E-mail:
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43
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Varastegan S, Kazemi R, Rostami R, Khomami S, Zandbagleh A, Hadipour AL. Remember NIBS? tACS improves memory performance in elders with subjective memory complaints. GeroScience 2022; 45:851-869. [PMID: 36272055 PMCID: PMC9886712 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00677-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Subjective memory complaints (SMC), the main cognitive component of which is event memory, is a predictor of Alzheimer's disease in elderly people. The purpose of this trial was to investigate the effect of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with theta frequency (6 Hz) on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in the improvement of episodic memory in individuals with SMC in a double blind, randomized, and sham-controlled parallel study. Sixteen participants with SMC received either active or sham theta tACS on the mPFC. EEG was recorded, and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) was administered. tACS resulted in a significant improvement in episodic memory performance as measured by RAVLT. EEG data revealed a decrease in theta power; decrease in theta, alpha, and gamma current source density (CSD) in the postcentral, insula, and cingulate gyrus; and decrease in theta and gamma phase synchronization as a result of active tACS, compared to the sham group. Moreover, a significant correlation between delayed recall score of RAVLT and CSD in left inferior gyrus in theta frequency band was observed. The results of the current study showed that theta tACS of the mPFC can improve event memory in individuals with SMC through modulating the activity in the frontal and temporal regions in the brain and thus can be considered a potential therapeutic intervention for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Kazemi
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Blvd Cognitive Science, Pardis, Tehran, 1658344575, Iran.
| | - Reza Rostami
- Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Khomami
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zandbagleh
- School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abed L. Hadipour
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Köster M, Gruber T. Rhythms of human attention and memory: An embedded process perspective. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:905837. [PMID: 36277046 PMCID: PMC9579292 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.905837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains a dogma in cognitive neuroscience to separate human attention and memory into distinct modules and processes. Here we propose that brain rhythms reflect the embedded nature of these processes in the human brain, as evident from their shared neural signatures: gamma oscillations (30–90 Hz) reflect sensory information processing and activated neural representations (memory items). The theta rhythm (3–8 Hz) is a pacemaker of explicit control processes (central executive), structuring neural information processing, bit by bit, as reflected in the theta-gamma code. By representing memory items in a sequential and time-compressed manner the theta-gamma code is hypothesized to solve key problems of neural computation: (1) attentional sampling (integrating and segregating information processing), (2) mnemonic updating (implementing Hebbian learning), and (3) predictive coding (advancing information processing ahead of the real time to guide behavior). In this framework, reduced alpha oscillations (8–14 Hz) reflect activated semantic networks, involved in both explicit and implicit mnemonic processes. Linking recent theoretical accounts and empirical insights on neural rhythms to the embedded-process model advances our understanding of the integrated nature of attention and memory – as the bedrock of human cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Köster
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Moritz Köster,
| | - Thomas Gruber
- Institute of Psychology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
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45
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Moore H, Lega BC, Konopka G. Riding brain "waves" to identify human memory genes. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2022; 78:102118. [PMID: 35947942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2022.102118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
While there is extensive research on memory-related oscillations and brain gene expression, the relationship between oscillations and gene expression has rarely been studied. Recently, progress has been made to identify specific genes associated with oscillations that are correlated with episodic memory. Neocortical regions, in particular the temporal pole, have been examined in this line of research due to their accessibility during neurosurgical procedures. By harnessing this accessibility, a unique and powerful study design has allowed gene expression and intracranial oscillatory data to be sourced from the same human patients. These studies have identified a plethora of understudied gene targets that should be further characterized with respect to human brain function. Future work should extend to other brain regions to increase our understanding of the genetic signatures of oscillations and, ultimately, human cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Moore
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, USA; Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, USA
| | - Bradley C Lega
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, USA.
| | - Genevieve Konopka
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, USA; Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, USA.
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46
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Sato Y, Schmitt O, Ip Z, Rabiller G, Omodaka S, Tominaga T, Yazdan-Shahmorad A, Liu J. Pathological changes of brain oscillations following ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:1753-1776. [PMID: 35754347 PMCID: PMC9536122 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221105677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain oscillations recorded in the extracellular space are among the most important aspects of neurophysiology data reflecting the activity and function of neurons in a population or a network. The signal strength and patterns of brain oscillations can be powerful biomarkers used for disease detection and prediction of the recovery of function. Electrophysiological signals can also serve as an index for many cutting-edge technologies aiming to interface between the nervous system and neuroprosthetic devices and to monitor the efficacy of boosting neural activity. In this review, we provided an overview of the basic knowledge regarding local field potential, electro- or magneto- encephalography signals, and their biological relevance, followed by a summary of the findings reported in various clinical and experimental stroke studies. We reviewed evidence of stroke-induced changes in hippocampal oscillations and disruption of communication between brain networks as potential mechanisms underlying post-stroke cognitive dysfunction. We also discussed the promise of brain stimulation in promoting post stroke functional recovery via restoring neural activity and enhancing brain plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimichi Sato
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Oliver Schmitt
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zachary Ip
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gratianne Rabiller
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shunsuke Omodaka
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teiji Tominaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Azadeh Yazdan-Shahmorad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jialing Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA, USA
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47
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Hsu YF, Hämäläinen JA. Load-dependent alpha suppression is related to working memory capacity for numbers. Brain Res 2022; 1791:147994. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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48
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Parietal Alpha Oscillations: Cognitive Load and Mental Toughness. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091135. [PMID: 36138871 PMCID: PMC9496702 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive effort is intrinsically linked to task difficulty, intelligence, and mental toughness. Intelligence reflects an individual’s cognitive aptitude, whereas mental toughness (MT) reflects an individual’s resilience in pursuing success. Research shows that parietal alpha oscillations are associated with changes in task difficulty. Critically, it remains unclear whether parietal alpha oscillations are modulated by intelligence and MT as a personality trait. We examined event-related (de)synchronization (ERD/ERS) of alpha oscillations associated with encoding, retention, and recognition in the Sternberg task in relation to intelligence and mental toughness. Eighty participants completed the Sternberg task with 3, 4, 5 and 6 digits, Raven Standard Progressive Matrices test and an MT questionnaire. A positive dependence on difficulty was observed for all studied oscillatory effects (t = −8.497, p < 0.001; t = 2.806, p < 0.005; t = −2.103, p < 0.05). The influence of Raven intelligence was observed for encoding-related alpha ERD (t = −2.02, p = 0.049). The influence of MT was observed only for difficult conditions in recognition-related alpha ERD (t = −3.282, p < 0.005). Findings indicate that the modulation of alpha rhythm related to encoding, retention and recognition may be interpreted as correlates of cognitive effort modulation. Specifically, results suggest that effort related to encoding depends on intelligence, whereas recognition-related effort level depends on mental toughness.
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Bjekić J, Paunovic D, Živanović M, Stanković M, Griskova-Bulanova I, Filipović SR. Determining the Individual Theta Frequency for Associative Memory Targeted Personalized Transcranial Brain Stimulation. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091367. [PMID: 36143152 PMCID: PMC9506372 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) methods have gained increased interest in research and therapy of associative memory (AM) and its impairments. However, the one-size-fits-all approach yields inconsistent findings, thus putting forward the need for electroencephalography (EEG)-guided personalized frequency-modulated NIBS protocols to increase the focality and the effectiveness of the interventions. Still, extraction of individual frequency, especially in the theta band, turned out to be a challenging task. Here we present an approach to extracting the individual theta-band frequency (ITF) from EEG signals recorded during the AM task. The method showed a 93% success rate, good reliability, and the full range of variability of the extracted ITFs. This paper provides a rationale behind the adopted approach and critically evaluates it in comparison to the alternative methods that have been reported in the literature. Finally, we discuss how it could be used as an input parameter for personalized frequency-modulated NIBS approaches—transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and transcranial oscillatory current stimulation (otDCS) directed at AM neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Bjekić
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (S.R.F.)
| | - Dunja Paunovic
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Živanović
- Institute of Psychology and Laboratory for Research of Individual Differences, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Stanković
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Inga Griskova-Bulanova
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, LT-10322 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Saša R. Filipović
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (S.R.F.)
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Fernández A, Noce G, Del Percio C, Pinal D, Díaz F, Lojo-Seoane C, Zurrón M, Babiloni C. Resting state electroencephalographic rhythms are affected by immediately preceding memory demands in cognitively unimpaired elderly and patients with mild cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:907130. [PMID: 36062151 PMCID: PMC9435320 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.907130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments on event-related electroencephalographic oscillations in aged people typically include blocks of cognitive tasks with a few minutes of interval between them. The present exploratory study tested the effect of being engaged on cognitive tasks over the resting state cortical arousal after task completion, and whether it differs according to the level of the participant’s cognitive decline. To investigate this issue, we used a local database including data in 30 healthy cognitively unimpaired (CU) persons and 40 matched patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). They had been involved in 2 memory tasks for about 40 min and underwent resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) recording after 5 min from the task end. eLORETA freeware estimated rsEEG alpha source activity as an index of general cortical arousal. In the CU but not aMCI group, there was a negative correlation between memory tasks performance and posterior rsEEG alpha source activity. The better the memory tasks performance, the lower the posterior alpha activity (i.e., higher cortical arousal). There was also a negative correlation between neuropsychological test scores of global cognitive status and alpha source activity. These results suggest that engagement in memory tasks may perturb background brain arousal for more than 5 min after the tasks end, and that this effect are dependent on participants global cognitive status. Future studies in CU and aMCI groups may cross-validate and extend these results with experiments including (1) rsEEG recordings before memory tasks and (2) post-tasks rsEEG recordings after 5, 15, and 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Fernández
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Alba Fernández,
| | | | - Claudio Del Percio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Pinal
- Psychological Neuroscience Lab, Escola de Psicologia, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Díaz
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Lojo-Seoane
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Montserrat Zurrón
- Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino, Italy
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