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Negrón-Oyarzo I, Dib T, Chacana-Véliz L, López-Quilodrán N, Urrutia-Piñones J. Large-scale coupling of prefrontal activity patterns as a mechanism for cognitive control in health and disease: evidence from rodent models. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 18:1286111. [PMID: 38638163 PMCID: PMC11024307 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1286111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive control of behavior is crucial for well-being, as allows subject to adapt to changing environments in a goal-directed way. Changes in cognitive control of behavior is observed during cognitive decline in elderly and in pathological mental conditions. Therefore, the recovery of cognitive control may provide a reliable preventive and therapeutic strategy. However, its neural basis is not completely understood. Cognitive control is supported by the prefrontal cortex, structure that integrates relevant information for the appropriate organization of behavior. At neurophysiological level, it is suggested that cognitive control is supported by local and large-scale synchronization of oscillatory activity patterns and neural spiking activity between the prefrontal cortex and distributed neural networks. In this review, we focus mainly on rodent models approaching the neuronal origin of these prefrontal patterns, and the cognitive and behavioral relevance of its coordination with distributed brain systems. We also examine the relationship between cognitive control and neural activity patterns in the prefrontal cortex, and its role in normal cognitive decline and pathological mental conditions. Finally, based on these body of evidence, we propose a common mechanism that may underlie the impaired cognitive control of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Negrón-Oyarzo
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Tatiana Dib
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Lorena Chacana-Véliz
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención en Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Nélida López-Quilodrán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención en Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Jocelyn Urrutia-Piñones
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención en Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Caznok Silveira AC, Antunes ASLM, Athié MCP, da Silva BF, Ribeiro dos Santos JV, Canateli C, Fontoura MA, Pinto A, Pimentel-Silva LR, Avansini SH, de Carvalho M. Between neurons and networks: investigating mesoscale brain connectivity in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1340345. [PMID: 38445254 PMCID: PMC10912403 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1340345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of brain connectivity has been a cornerstone in understanding the complexities of neurological and psychiatric disorders. It has provided invaluable insights into the functional architecture of the brain and how it is perturbed in disorders. However, a persistent challenge has been achieving the proper spatial resolution, and developing computational algorithms to address biological questions at the multi-cellular level, a scale often referred to as the mesoscale. Historically, neuroimaging studies of brain connectivity have predominantly focused on the macroscale, providing insights into inter-regional brain connections but often falling short of resolving the intricacies of neural circuitry at the cellular or mesoscale level. This limitation has hindered our ability to fully comprehend the underlying mechanisms of neurological and psychiatric disorders and to develop targeted interventions. In light of this issue, our review manuscript seeks to bridge this critical gap by delving into the domain of mesoscale neuroimaging. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of conditions affected by aberrant neural connections, image acquisition techniques, feature extraction, and data analysis methods that are specifically tailored to the mesoscale. We further delineate the potential of brain connectivity research to elucidate complex biological questions, with a particular focus on schizophrenia and epilepsy. This review encompasses topics such as dendritic spine quantification, single neuron morphology, and brain region connectivity. We aim to showcase the applicability and significance of mesoscale neuroimaging techniques in the field of neuroscience, highlighting their potential for gaining insights into the complexities of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Caznok Silveira
- National Laboratory of Biosciences, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Carolina Pedro Athié
- National Laboratory of Biosciences, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Filomena da Silva
- National Laboratory of Biosciences, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Canateli
- National Laboratory of Biosciences, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marina Alves Fontoura
- National Laboratory of Biosciences, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Allan Pinto
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Simoni Helena Avansini
- National Laboratory of Biosciences, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Murilo de Carvalho
- National Laboratory of Biosciences, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, Brazil
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Marchetta P, Dapper K, Hess M, Calis D, Singer W, Wertz J, Fink S, Hage SR, Alam M, Schwabe K, Lukowski R, Bourien J, Puel JL, Jacob MH, Munk MHJ, Land R, Rüttiger L, Knipper M. Dysfunction of specific auditory fibers impacts cortical oscillations, driving an autism phenotype despite near-normal hearing. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23411. [PMID: 38243766 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301995r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is discussed in the context of altered neural oscillations and imbalanced cortical excitation-inhibition of cortical origin. We studied here whether developmental changes in peripheral auditory processing, while preserving basic hearing function, lead to altered cortical oscillations. Local field potentials (LFPs) were recorded from auditory, visual, and prefrontal cortices and the hippocampus of BdnfPax2 KO mice. These mice develop an autism-like behavioral phenotype through deletion of BDNF in Pax2+ interneuron precursors, affecting lower brainstem functions, but not frontal brain regions directly. Evoked LFP responses to behaviorally relevant auditory stimuli were weaker in the auditory cortex of BdnfPax2 KOs, connected to maturation deficits of high-spontaneous rate auditory nerve fibers. This was correlated with enhanced spontaneous and induced LFP power, excitation-inhibition imbalance, and dendritic spine immaturity, mirroring autistic phenotypes. Thus, impairments in peripheral high-spontaneous rate fibers alter spike synchrony and subsequently cortical processing relevant for normal communication and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philine Marchetta
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konrad Dapper
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Morgan Hess
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dila Calis
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wibke Singer
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Wertz
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Fink
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steffen R Hage
- Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mesbah Alam
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schwabe
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jerome Bourien
- Institute for Neurosciences Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médical, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Puel
- Institute for Neurosciences Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médical, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Michele H Jacob
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthias H J Munk
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Land
- Department of Experimental Otology, Institute of Audioneurotechnology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lukas Rüttiger
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marlies Knipper
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Kuang J, Kafetzopoulos V, Deth R, Kocsis B. Dopamine D4 Receptor Agonist Drastically Increases Delta Activity in the Thalamic Nucleus Reuniens: Potential Role in Communication between Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15289. [PMID: 37894968 PMCID: PMC10607171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Network oscillations are essential for all cognitive functions. Oscillatory deficits are well established in psychiatric diseases and are recapitulated in animal models. They are significantly and specifically affected by pharmacological interventions using psychoactive compounds. Dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) activation was shown to enhance gamma rhythm in freely moving rats and to specifically affect slow delta and theta oscillations in the urethane-anesthetized rat model. The goal of this study was to test the effect of D4R activation on slow network oscillations at delta and theta frequencies during wake states, potentially supporting enhanced functional connectivity during dopamine-induced attention and cognitive processing. Network activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HC) and nucleus reuniens (RE) in control conditions and after injecting the D4R agonist A-412997 (3 and 5 mg/kg; systemic administration). We found that A-412997 elicited a lasting (~40 min) wake state and drastically enhanced narrow-band delta oscillations in the PFC and RE in a dose-dependent manner. It also preferentially enhanced delta synchrony over theta coupling within the PFC-RE-HC circuit, strongly strengthening PFC-RE coupling. Thus, our findings indicate that the D4R may contribute to cognitive processes, at least in part, through acting on wake delta oscillations and that the RE, providing an essential link between the PFC and HC, plays a prominent role in this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.K.); (V.K.)
| | - V. Kafetzopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.K.); (V.K.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Richard Deth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA;
| | - B. Kocsis
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.K.); (V.K.)
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Vivien J, El Azraoui A, Lheraux C, Lanore F, Aouizerate B, Herry C, Humeau Y, Bienvenu TCM. Axo-axonic cells in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1212202. [PMID: 37435048 PMCID: PMC10330806 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1212202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalance between excitation and inhibition in the cerebral cortex is one of the main theories in neuropsychiatric disorder pathophysiology. Cortical inhibition is finely regulated by a variety of highly specialized GABAergic interneuron types, which are thought to organize neural network activities. Among interneurons, axo-axonic cells are unique in making synapses with the axon initial segment of pyramidal neurons. Alterations of axo-axonic cells have been proposed to be implicated in disorders including epilepsy, schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. However, evidence for the alteration of axo-axonic cells in disease has only been examined in narrative reviews. By performing a systematic review of studies investigating axo-axonic cells and axo-axonic communication in epilepsy, schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder, we outline convergent findings and discrepancies in the literature. Overall, the implication of axo-axonic cells in neuropsychiatric disorders might have been overstated. Additional work is needed to assess initial, mostly indirect findings, and to unravel how defects in axo-axonic cells translates to cortical dysregulation and, in turn, to pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Vivien
- Université de Bordeaux, Inserm Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anass El Azraoui
- Université de Bordeaux, Inserm Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Bordeaux, France
- Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cloé Lheraux
- Université de Bordeaux, Inserm Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frederic Lanore
- Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Inserm Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bruno Aouizerate
- Université de Bordeaux, Inserm Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Bordeaux, France
- Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Inserm Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Bordeaux, France
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Herry
- Université de Bordeaux, Inserm Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yann Humeau
- Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas C. M. Bienvenu
- Université de Bordeaux, Inserm Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Bordeaux, France
- Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Inserm Neurocentre Magendie U1215, Bordeaux, France
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6
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Kocsis B, Pittman-Polletta B. Neuropsychiatric consequences of COVID-19 related olfactory dysfunction: could non-olfactory cortical-bound inputs from damaged olfactory bulb also contribute to cognitive impairment? Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1164042. [PMID: 37425004 PMCID: PMC10323442 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1164042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bernat Kocsis
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
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Ozaki T, Mikami K, Toyomaki A, Hashimoto N, Ito YM, Kusumi I. Assessment of electroencephalography modification by antipsychotic drugs in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders using frontier orbital theory: A preliminary study. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2023. [PMID: 36811149 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Schizophrenia is characterized by an abnormality in electroencephalography (EEG), which can be affected by antipsychotic drugs. Recently, the mechanism underlying these EEG alterations in schizophrenia patients was reframed from the perspective of redox abnormalities. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) can be calculated using a computational method and may be useful for evaluating the antioxidant/prooxidant effect of antipsychotic drugs. Thus, we examined the association between the effects of antipsychotic monotherapy on quantitative EEG and HOMO/LUMO energy. METHODS We used medical report data including EEG results of psychiatric patients admitted to Hokkaido University Hospital. We extracted the EEG records of patients diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder undergoing antipsychotic monotherapy during the natural course of treatment (n = 37). We evaluated the HOMO/LUMO energy of all antipsychotic drugs using computational methods. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between the HOMO/LUMO energy of all antipsychotic drugs and spectral band power in all patients. Statistical significance was set at p < 6.25 × 10-4 adjusted with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS We showed that the HOMO energy of all antipsychotic drugs had weak positive correlations with delta- and gamma-band power (e.g., standardized β = 0.617 for delta in the F3 channel, p = 6.6 × 10-5 ; standardized β = 0.563 for gamma in the O1 channel, p = 5.0 × 10-4 ). CONCLUSION Although there may be unexpected bias and confounding factors, our findings suggest that the effect of antipsychotic drugs on EEG may be related to their antioxidant actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of psychiatry, Koyogaoka Hospital, Abashiri, Japan
| | - Koichiro Mikami
- Department of material chemistry, Sagami Chemical Research Institute, Ayase, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Toyomaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoichi M Ito
- Data Science Center, Promotion Unit, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Jia Y, Jariwala N, Hinkley LBN, Nagarajan S, Subramaniam K. Abnormal resting-state functional connectivity underlies cognitive and clinical symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1077923. [PMID: 36875232 PMCID: PMC9976937 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1077923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The cognitive and psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) are thought to result from disrupted brain network connectivity. Methods We capitalize on the high spatiotemporal resolution of magnetoencephalography imaging (MEG) to record spontaneous neuronal activity in resting state networks in 21 SZ compared with 21 healthy controls (HC). Results We found that SZ showed significant global disrupted functional connectivity in delta-theta (2-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), and beta (12-30 Hz) frequencies, compared to HC. Disrupted global connectivity in alpha frequencies with bilateral frontal cortices was associated with more severe clinical psychopathology (i.e., positive psychotic symptoms). Specifically, aberrant connectivity in beta frequencies between the left primary auditory cortex and cerebellum, was linked to greater hallucination severity in SZ. Disrupted connectivity in delta-theta frequencies between the medial frontal and left inferior frontal cortex was associated with impaired cognition. Discussion The multivariate techniques employed in the present study highlight the importance of applying our source reconstruction techniques which leverage the high spatial localization abilities of MEG for estimating neural source activity using beamforming methods such as SAM (synthetic aperture morphometry) to reconstruct the source of brain activity, together with functional connectivity assessments, assayed with imaginary coherence metrics, to delineate how neurophysiological dysconnectivity in specific oscillatory frequencies between distinct regions underlie the cognitive and psychotic symptoms in SZ. The present findings employ powerful techniques in spatial and time-frequency domains to provide potential neural biomarkers underlying neuronal network dysconnectivity in SZ that will inform the development of innovations in future neuromodulation treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Jia
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Namasvi Jariwala
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Leighton B. N. Hinkley
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Srikantan Nagarajan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Karuna Subramaniam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Padée A, Missonnier P, Prévot A, Favre G, Gothuey I, Richiardi J. Anticipatory deficits in psychosis during social cognition task analysed by task-based EEG dynamic functional connectivity. Schizophr Res 2023; 254:11-13. [PMID: 36738668 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Padée
- Translational Psychiatry Unit, Community Health Department (MPH), Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Missonnier
- Translational Psychiatry Unit, Community Health Department (MPH), Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Mental Health Network Fribourg (RFSM), Sector of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy for Adults, L'Hôpital 140, Case postale 90, CH 1633 Marsens, Switzerland.
| | - Anne Prévot
- School of Health Sciences HEdS-FR, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Rue de Rome 4, CH 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Grégoire Favre
- Translational Psychiatry Unit, Community Health Department (MPH), Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Mental Health Network Fribourg (RFSM), Sector of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy for Adults, L'Hôpital 140, Case postale 90, CH 1633 Marsens, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Gothuey
- Mental Health Network Fribourg (RFSM), Sector of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy for Adults, L'Hôpital 140, Case postale 90, CH 1633 Marsens, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Richiardi
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue Pépinet 3, 1003 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Sibilska S, Mofleh R, Kocsis B. Development of network oscillations through adolescence in male and female rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1135154. [PMID: 37213214 PMCID: PMC10196069 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1135154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this research was to study the developmental trajectory of oscillatory synchronization in neural networks of normal healthy rats during adolescence, corresponding to the vulnerable age of schizophrenia prodrome in human. To monitor the development of oscillatory networks through adolescence we used a "pseudo-longitudinal" design. Recordings were performed in terminal experiments under urethane anesthesia, every day from PN32 to PN52 using rats-siblings from the same mother, to reduce individual innate differences between subjects. We found that hippocampal theta power decreased and delta power in prefrontal cortex increased through adolescence, indicating that the oscillations in the two different frequency bands follow distinct developmental trajectories to reach the characteristic oscillatory activity found in adults. Perhaps even more importantly, theta rhythm showed age-dependent stabilization toward late adolescence. Furthermore, sex differences was found in both networks, more prominent in the prefrontal cortex compared with hippocampus. Delta increase was stronger in females and theta stabilization was completed earlier in females, in postnatal days PN41-47, while in males it was only completed in late adolescence. Our finding of a protracted maturation of theta-generating networks in late adolescence is overall consistent with the findings of longitudinal studies in human adolescents, in which oscillatory networks demonstrated a similar pattern of maturation.
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11
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Thörn CW, Kafetzopoulos V, Kocsis B. Differential Effect of Dopamine D4 Receptor Activation on Low-Frequency Oscillations in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus May Bias the Bidirectional Prefrontal–Hippocampal Coupling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911705. [PMID: 36233007 PMCID: PMC9569525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) mechanisms are implicated in psychiatric diseases characterized by cognitive deficits, including schizophrenia, ADHD, and autism. The cellular mechanisms are poorly understood, but impaired neuronal synchronization in cortical networks was proposed to contribute to these deficits. In animal experiments, D4R activation was shown to generate aberrant increased gamma oscillations and to reduce performance on cognitive tasks requiring functional prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC) networks. While fast oscillations in the gamma range are important for local synchronization within neuronal ensembles, long-range synchronization between distant structures is achieved by slow rhythms in the delta, theta, alpha ranges. The characteristics of slow oscillations vary between structures during cognitive tasks. HPC activity is dominated by theta rhythm, whereas PFC generates unique oscillations in the 2–4 Hz range. In order to investigate the role of D4R on slow rhythms, cortical activity was recorded in rats under urethane anesthesia in which slow oscillations can be elicited in a controlled manner without behavioral confounds, by electrical stimulation of the brainstem reticular formation. The local field potential segments during stimulations were extracted and subjected to fast Fourier transform to obtain power density spectra. The selective D4R agonist A-412997 (5 and 10 mg/kg) and antagonists L-745870 (5 and 10 mg/kg) were injected systemically and the peak power in the two frequency ranges were compared before and after the injection. We found that D4R compounds significantly changed the activity of both HPC and PFC, but the direction of the effect was opposite in the two structures. D4R agonist enhanced PFC slow rhythm (delta, 2–4 Hz) and suppressed HPC theta, whereas the antagonist had an opposite effect. Analogous changes of the two slow rhythms were also found in the thalamic nucleus reuniens, which has connections to both forebrain structures. Slow oscillations play a key role in interregional cortical coupling; delta and theta oscillations were shown in particular, to entrain neuronal firing and to modulate gamma activity in interconnected forebrain structures with a relative HPC theta dominance over PFC. Thus, the results of this study indicate that D4R activation may introduce an abnormal bias in the bidirectional PFC–HPC coupling which can be reversed by D4R antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasilios Kafetzopoulos
- Department Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Bernat Kocsis
- Department Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +617-331-1782
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12
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Staszelis A, Mofleh R, Kocsis B. The effect of ketamine on delta-range coupling between prefrontal cortex and hippocampus supported by respiratory rhythmic input from the olfactory bulb. Brain Res 2022; 1791:147996. [PMID: 35779582 PMCID: PMC10038235 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory rhythm plays an important role in cognitive functions in rodents, as well as in humans. Respiratory related oscillation (RRO), generated in the olfactory bulb (OB), is an extrinsic rhythm imposed on brain networks. In rats, RRO can couple with intrinsic brain oscillations at theta frequency during sniffing and in the delta range outside of such episodes. Disruption of gamma synchronization in cortical networks by ketamine is well established whereas its effects on slow rhythms are poorly understood. We found in this study, that RRO in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HC) remains present after ketamine injection, even on the background of highly unstable respiratory rate, co-incident with "psychotic-like" behavior and abnormal cortical gamma activity. Guided by the timing of ketamine-induced gamma reaction, pairwise coherences between structures exhibiting RRO and their correlation structure was statistically tested in 5-min segments post-injection (0-25 min) and during recovery (1, 5, 10 h). As in control, RRO in the OB was firmly followed by cortical-bound OB exits directed toward PFC but not to HC. RRO between these structures, however, significantly correlated with OB-HC but not with OB-PFC. The only exception to this general observation was observed during a short transitional period, immediately after injection. Ketamine has a remarkable history in psychiatric research. Modeling chronic NMDA-hypofunction using acute NMDA-receptor blockade shifted the primary focus of schizophrenia research to dysfunctional cortical microcircuitry and the recent discovery of ketamine's antidepressant actions extended investigations to neurophysiology of anxiety and depression. Cortical oscillations are relevant for understanding their pathomechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rola Mofleh
- Dept Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Bernat Kocsis
- Dept Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, USA.
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13
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Perrottelli A, Giordano GM, Brando F, Giuliani L, Pezzella P, Mucci A, Galderisi S. Unveiling the Associations between EEG Indices and Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092193. [PMID: 36140594 PMCID: PMC9498272 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunctions represent a core feature of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders due to their presence throughout different illness stages and their impact on functioning. Abnormalities in electrophysiology (EEG) measures are highly related to these impairments, but the use of EEG indices in clinical practice is still limited. A systematic review of articles using Pubmed, Scopus and PsychINFO was undertaken in November 2021 to provide an overview of the relationships between EEG indices and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Out of 2433 screened records, 135 studies were included in a qualitative review. Although the results were heterogeneous, some significant correlations were identified. In particular, abnormalities in alpha, theta and gamma activity, as well as in MMN and P300, were associated with impairments in cognitive domains such as attention, working memory, visual and verbal learning and executive functioning during at-risk mental states, early and chronic stages of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. The review suggests that machine learning approaches together with a careful selection of validated EEG and cognitive indices and characterization of clinical phenotypes might contribute to increase the use of EEG-based measures in clinical settings.
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14
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Huygens synchronization of medial septal pacemaker neurons generates hippocampal theta oscillation. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111149. [PMID: 35926456 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Episodic learning and memory retrieval are dependent on hippocampal theta oscillation, thought to rely on the GABAergic network of the medial septum (MS). To test how this network achieves theta synchrony, we recorded MS neurons and hippocampal local field potential simultaneously in anesthetized and awake mice and rats. We show that MS pacemakers synchronize their individual rhythmicity frequencies, akin to coupled pendulum clocks as observed by Huygens. We optogenetically identified them as parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic neurons, while MS glutamatergic neurons provide tonic excitation sufficient to induce theta. In accordance, waxing and waning tonic excitation is sufficient to toggle between theta and non-theta states in a network model of single-compartment inhibitory pacemaker neurons. These results provide experimental and theoretical support to a frequency-synchronization mechanism for pacing hippocampal theta, which may serve as an inspirational prototype for synchronization processes in the central nervous system from Nematoda to Arthropoda to Chordate and Vertebrate phyla.
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15
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Chen-Engerer HJ, Jaeger S, Bondarenko R, Sprengel R, Hengerer B, Rosenbrock H, Mack V, Schuelert N. Increasing the Excitatory Drive Rescues Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance and Mismatch Negativity Deficit Caused by Parvalbumin Specific GluA1 Deletion. Neuroscience 2022; 496:190-204. [PMID: 35750109 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Disturbance in synaptic excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) transmission in the prefrontal cortex is considered a critical factor for cognitive dysfunction, a core symptom in schizophrenia. However, the cortical network pathophysiology induced by E/I imbalance is not well characterized, and an effective therapeutic strategy is lacking. In this study, we simulated imbalanced cortical network by using mice with parvalbumin neuron (PV) specific knockout of GluA1 (AMPA receptor subunit 1) (Gria1-PV KO) as an experimental model. Applying high-content confocal imaging and electrophysiological recordings in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), we found structural and functional alterations in the local network of Gria1-PV KO mice. Additionally, we applied electroencephalography (EEG) to assess potential deficits in mismatch negativity (MMN), the standard readout in the clinic for measuring deviance detection and sensory information processing. Gria1-PV KO animals exhibited abnormal theta oscillation and MMN, which is consistent with clinical findings in cognitively impaired patients. Remarkably, we demonstrated that the glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) inhibitor, Bitopertin, ameliorates E/I imbalance, hyperexcitability, and sensory processing malfunction in Gria1-PV KO mice. Our results suggest that PV-specific deletion of GluA1 might be an experimental approach for back translating the E/I imbalance observed in schizophrenic patients. Our work offers a systematic workflow to understand the effect of GlyT1 inhibition in restoring cortical network activity from single cells to local brain circuitry. This study highlights that selectively boosting NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory drive to enhance the network inhibitory transmission from interneurons to pyramidal neurons (PYs) is a potential therapeutic strategy for restoring E/I imbalance-associated cognitive-related abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Jung Chen-Engerer
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany.
| | - Stefan Jaeger
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Rimma Bondarenko
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Rolf Sprengel
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research at the Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology at Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Bastian Hengerer
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Holger Rosenbrock
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Volker Mack
- CardioMetabolic Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
| | - Niklas Schuelert
- Central Nervous System Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstr. 65, 88397 Biberach Riß, Germany
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16
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Subcortical control of the default mode network: Role of the basal forebrain and implications for neuropsychiatric disorders. Brain Res Bull 2022; 185:129-139. [PMID: 35562013 PMCID: PMC9290753 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The precise interplay between large-scale functional neural systems throughout the brain is essential for performance of cognitive processes. In this review we focus on the default mode network (DMN), one such functional network that is active during periods of quiet wakefulness and believed to be involved in introspection and planning. Abnormalities in DMN functional connectivity and activation appear across many neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Recent evidence suggests subcortical regions including the basal forebrain are functionally and structurally important for regulation of DMN activity. Within the basal forebrain, subregions like the ventral pallidum may influence DMN activity and the nucleus basalis of Meynert can inhibit switching between brain networks. Interactions between DMN and other functional networks including the medial frontoparietal network (default), lateral frontoparietal network (control), midcingulo-insular network (salience), and dorsal frontoparietal network (attention) are also discussed in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders. Several subtypes of basal forebrain neurons have been identified including basal forebrain parvalbumin-containing or somatostatin-containing neurons which can regulate cortical gamma band oscillations and DMN-like behaviors, and basal forebrain cholinergic neurons which might gate access to sensory information during reinforcement learning. In this review, we explore this evidence, discuss the clinical implications on neuropsychiatric disorders, and compare neuroanatomy in the human vs rodent DMN. Finally, we address technological advancements which could help provide a more complete understanding of modulation of DMN function and describe newly identified BF therapeutic targets that could potentially help restore DMN-associated functional deficits in patients with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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17
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Leite K, Garg P, Spitzner FP, Guerin Darvas S, Bähr M, Priesemann V, Kügler S. α-Synuclein Impacts on Intrinsic Neuronal Network Activity Through Reduced Levels of Cyclic AMP and Diminished Numbers of Active Presynaptic Terminals. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:868790. [PMID: 35721317 PMCID: PMC9199018 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.868790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
α-synuclein (α-Syn) is intimately linked to synucleinopathies like Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms that are triggered by this protein are still largely enigmatic. α-Syn overabundance may cause neurodegeneration through protein accumulation and mitochondrial deterioration but may also result in pathomechanisms independent from neuronal cell death. One such proposed pathological mechanism is the influence of α-Syn on non-stimulated, intrinsic brain activity. This activity is responsible for more than 90% of the brain’s energyconsumption, and is thus thought to play an eminent role in basic brain functionality. Here we report that α-Syn substantially disrupts intrinsic neuronal network burst activity in a long-term neuronal cell culture model. Mechanistically, the impairment of network activity originates from reduced levels of cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP-mediated signaling as well as from diminished numbers of active presynaptic terminals. The profound reduction of network activity due to α-Syn was mediated only by intracellularly expressed α-Syn, but not by α-Syn that is naturally released by neurons. Conversely, extracellular pre-formed fibrils of α-Syn mimicked the effect of intracellular α-Syn, suggesting that they trigger an off-target mechanism that is not activated by naturally released α-Syn. A simulation-based model of the network activity in our cultures demonstrated that even subtle effect sizes in reducing outbound connectivity, i.e., loss of active synapses, can cause substantial global reductions in non-stimulated network activity. These results suggest that even low-level loss of synaptic output capabilities caused by α-Syn may result in significant functional impairments in terms of intrinsic neuronal network activity. Provided that our model holds true for the human brain, then α-Syn may cause significant functional lesions independent from neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Leite
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pretty Garg
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - F. Paul Spitzner
- Neural Systems Theory group, Max-Planck-Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sofia Guerin Darvas
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Viola Priesemann
- Neural Systems Theory group, Max-Planck-Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for the Dynamics of Complex Systems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kügler
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Sebastian Kügler
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18
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Yang H, Zhang H, Meng C, Wohlschläger A, Brandl F, Di X, Wang S, Tian L, Biswal B. Frequency-specific coactivation patterns in resting-state and their alterations in schizophrenia: An fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:3792-3808. [PMID: 35475569 PMCID: PMC9294298 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The resting‐state human brain is a dynamic system that shows frequency‐dependent characteristics. Recent studies demonstrate that coactivation pattern (CAP) analysis can identify recurring brain states with similar coactivation configurations. However, it is unclear whether and how CAPs depend on the frequency bands. The current study investigated the spatial and temporal characteristics of CAPs in the four frequency sub‐bands from slow‐5 (0.01–0.027 Hz), slow‐4 (0.027–0.073 Hz), slow‐3 (0.073–0.198 Hz), to slow‐2 (0.198–0.25 Hz), in addition to the typical low‐frequency range (0.01–0.08 Hz). In the healthy subjects, six CAP states were obtained at each frequency band in line with our prior study. Similar spatial patterns with the typical range were observed in slow‐5, 4, and 3, but not in slow‐2. While the frequency increased, all CAP states displayed shorter persistence, which caused more between‐state transitions. Specifically, from slow‐5 to slow‐4, the coactivation not only changed significantly in distributed cortical networks, but also increased in the basal ganglia as well as the amygdala. Schizophrenia patients showed significant alteration in the persistence of CAPs of slow‐5. Using leave‐one‐pair‐out, hold‐out and resampling validations, the highest classification accuracy (84%) was achieved by slow‐4 among different frequency bands. In conclusion, our findings provide novel information about spatial and temporal characteristics of CAP states at different frequency bands, which contributes to a better understanding of the frequency aspect of biomarkers for schizophrenia and other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun Meng
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Afra Wohlschläger
- Department of Neuroradiology, TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Brandl
- Department of Psychiatry, TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Xin Di
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bharat Biswal
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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19
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Falakshahi H, Rokham H, Fu Z, Iraji A, Mathalon DH, Ford JM, Mueller BA, Preda A, van Erp TGM, Turner JA, Plis S, Calhoun VD. Path Analysis: A Method to Estimate Altered Pathways in Time-varying Graphs of Neuroimaging Data. Netw Neurosci 2022; 6:634-664. [PMID: 36204419 PMCID: PMC9531579 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Graph-theoretical methods have been widely used to study human brain networks in psychiatric disorders. However, the focus has primarily been on global graphic metrics with little attention to the information contained in paths connecting brain regions. Details of disruption of these paths may be highly informative for understanding disease mechanisms. To detect the absence or addition of multistep paths in the patient group, we provide an algorithm estimating edges that contribute to these paths with reference to the control group. We next examine where pairs of nodes were connected through paths in both groups by using a covariance decomposition method. We apply our method to study resting-state fMRI data in schizophrenia versus controls. Results show several disconnectors in schizophrenia within and between functional domains, particularly within the default mode and cognitive control networks. Additionally, we identify new edges generating additional paths. Moreover, although paths exist in both groups, these paths take unique trajectories and have a significant contribution to the decomposition. The proposed path analysis provides a way to characterize individuals by evaluating changes in paths, rather than just focusing on the pairwise relationships. Our results show promise for identifying path-based metrics in neuroimaging data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Falakshahi
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hooman Rokham
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zening Fu
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Armin Iraji
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Judith M. Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bryon A. Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adrian Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Theo G. M. van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jessica A. Turner
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sergey Plis
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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20
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Brodovskaya A, Batabyal T, Shiono S, Sun H, Kapur J. Distinct roles of rodent thalamus and corpus callosum in seizure generalization. Ann Neurol 2022; 91:682-696. [PMID: 35226367 PMCID: PMC9315027 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective Bilateral synchronous cortical activity occurs during sleep, attention, and seizures. Canonical models place the thalamus at the center of bilateral cortical synchronization because it generates bilateral sleep spindle oscillations and primarily generalized absence seizures. However, classical studies suggest that the corpus callosum mediates bilateral cortical synchronization. Methods We mapped the spread of right frontal lobe‐onset, focal to bilateral seizures in mice and modified it using chemo and optogenetic suppression of motor thalamic nucleus and corpus callosotomy. Results Seizures from the right cortex spread faster to the left cortex than to the left thalamus. The 2 thalami have minimal monosynaptic commissural connections compared to the massive commissure corpus callosum. Chemogenetic and closed‐loop optogenetic inhibition of the right ventrolateral thalamic nucleus did not alter inter‐hemispheric seizure spread. However, anterior callosotomy delayed bilateral seizure oscillations. Interpretation Thalamocortical oscillations amplify focal onset motor seizures, and corpus callosum spreads them bilaterally. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:682–696
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Brodovskaya
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Tamal Batabyal
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Shinnosuke Shiono
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Huayu Sun
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Jaideep Kapur
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA.,UVA Brain Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
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21
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Klemz A, Wildner F, Tütüncü E, Gerevich Z. Regulation of Hippocampal Gamma Oscillations by Modulation of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 15:778022. [PMID: 35177966 PMCID: PMC8845518 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.778022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels activated around the subthreshold membrane potential determine the likelihood of neuronal firing in response to synaptic inputs, a process described as intrinsic neuronal excitability. Long-term plasticity of chemical synaptic transmission is traditionally considered the main cellular mechanism of information storage in the brain; however, voltage- and calcium-activated channels modulating the inputs or outputs of neurons are also subjects of plastic changes and play a major role in learning and memory formation. Gamma oscillations are associated with numerous higher cognitive functions such as learning and memory, but our knowledge of their dependence on intrinsic plasticity is by far limited. Here we investigated the roles of potassium and calcium channels activated at near subthreshold membrane potentials in cholinergically induced persistent gamma oscillations measured in the CA3 area of rat hippocampal slices. Among potassium channels, which are responsible for the afterhyperpolarization in CA3 pyramidal cells, we found that blockers of SK (KCa2) and KV7.2/7.3 (KCNQ2/3), but not the BK (KCa1.1) and IK (KCa3.1) channels, increased the power of gamma oscillations. On the contrary, activators of these channels had an attenuating effect without affecting the frequency. Pharmacological blockade of the low voltage-activated T-type calcium channels (CaV3.1–3.3) reduced gamma power and increased the oscillation peak frequency. Enhancement of these channels also inhibited the peak power without altering the frequency of the oscillations. The presented data suggest that voltage- and calcium-activated ion channels involved in intrinsic excitability strongly regulate the power of hippocampal gamma oscillations. Targeting these channels could represent a valuable pharmacological strategy against cognitive impairment.
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22
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Aberrant maturation and connectivity of prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia-contribution of NMDA receptor development and hypofunction. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:731-743. [PMID: 34163013 PMCID: PMC8695640 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01196-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The neurobiology of schizophrenia involves multiple facets of pathophysiology, ranging from its genetic basis over changes in neurochemistry and neurophysiology, to the systemic level of neural circuits. Although the precise mechanisms associated with the neuropathophysiology remain elusive, one essential aspect is the aberrant maturation and connectivity of the prefrontal cortex that leads to complex symptoms in various stages of the disease. Here, we focus on how early developmental dysfunction, especially N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) development and hypofunction, may lead to the dysfunction of both local circuitry within the prefrontal cortex and its long-range connectivity. More specifically, we will focus on an "all roads lead to Rome" hypothesis, i.e., how NMDAR hypofunction during development acts as a convergence point and leads to local gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) deficits and input-output dysconnectivity in the prefrontal cortex, which eventually induce cognitive and social deficits. Many outstanding questions and hypothetical mechanisms are listed for future investigations of this intriguing hypothesis that may lead to a better understanding of the aberrant maturation and connectivity associated with the prefrontal cortex.
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23
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Nour MM, Beck K, Liu Y, Arumuham A, Veronese M, Howes OD, Dolan RJ. Relationship Between Replay-Associated Ripples and Hippocampal N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors: Preliminary Evidence From a PET-MEG Study in Schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN OPEN 2022; 3:sgac044. [PMID: 35911846 PMCID: PMC9334566 DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and Hypotheses Hippocampal replay and associated high-frequency ripple oscillations are among the best-characterized phenomena in resting brain activity. Replay/ripples support memory consolidation and relational inference, and are regulated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). Schizophrenia has been associated with both replay/ripple abnormalities and NMDAR hypofunction in both clinical samples and genetic mouse models, although the relationship between these 2 facets of hippocampal function has not been tested in humans. Study Design Here, we avail of a unique multimodal human neuroimaging data set to investigate the relationship between the availability of (intrachannel) NMDAR binding sites in hippocampus, and replay-associated ripple power, in 16 participants (7 nonclinical participants and 9 people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, PScz). Each participant had both a [18F]GE-179 positron emission tomography (PET) scan (to measure NMDAR availability, V T ) and a magnetoencephalography (MEG) scan (to measure offline neural replay and associated high-frequency ripple oscillations, using Temporally Delayed Linear Modeling). Study Results We show a positive relationship between hippocampal NMDAR availability and replay-associated ripple power. This linkage was evident across control participants (r(5) = .94, P = .002) and PScz (r(7) = .70, P = .04), with no group difference. Conclusions Our findings provide preliminary evidence for a relationship between hippocampal NMDAR availability and replay-associated ripple power in humans, and haverelevance for NMDAR hypofunction theories of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Nour
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London WC1B 5EH, UK
| | - Katherine Beck
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Yunzhe Liu
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London WC1B 5EH, UK
| | - Atheeshaan Arumuham
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Mattia Veronese
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Raymond J Dolan
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London WC1B 5EH, UK
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Bowman C, Richter U, Jones CR, Agerskov C, Herrik KF. Activity-State Dependent Reversal of Ketamine-Induced Resting State EEG Effects by Clozapine and Naltrexone in the Freely Moving Rat. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:737295. [PMID: 35153870 PMCID: PMC8830299 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.737295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine is a non-competitive N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist used in the clinic to initiate and maintain anaesthesia; it induces dissociative states and has emerged as a breakthrough therapy for major depressive disorder. Using local field potential recordings in freely moving rats, we studied resting state EEG profiles induced by co-administering ketamine with either: clozapine, a highly efficacious antipsychotic; or naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist reported to block the acute antidepressant effects of ketamine. As human electroencephalography (EEG) is predominantly recorded in a passive state, head-mounted accelerometers were used with rats to determine active and passive states at a high temporal resolution to offer the highest translatability. In general, pharmacological effects for the three drugs were more pronounced in (or restricted to) the passive state. Specifically, during inactive periods clozapine induced increases in delta (0.1-4 Hz), gamma (30-60 Hz) and higher frequencies (>100 Hz). Importantly, it reversed the ketamine-induced reduction in low beta power (10-20 Hz) and potentiated ketamine-induced increases in gamma and high frequency oscillations (130-160 Hz). Naltrexone inhibited frequencies above 50 Hz and significantly reduced the ketamine-induced increase in high frequency oscillations. However, some frequency band changes, such as clozapine-induced decreases in delta power, were only seen in locomoting rats. These results emphasise the potential in differentiating between activity states to capture drug effects and translate to human resting state EEG. Furthermore, the differential reversal of ketamine-induced EEG effects by clozapine and naltrexone may have implications for the understanding of psychotomimetic as well as rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christien Bowman
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Bio Imaging Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ulrike Richter
- Department of Circuit Biology, Lundbeck, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher R Jones
- Department of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling and Simulation, Lundbeck, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Agerskov
- Department of Circuit Biology, Lundbeck, Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Delgado-Sallent C, Nebot P, Gener T, Fath AB, Timplalexi M, Puig MV. Atypical, but Not Typical, Antipsychotic Drugs Reduce Hypersynchronized Prefrontal-Hippocampal Circuits during Psychosis-Like States in Mice: Contribution of 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A Receptors. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:3472-3487. [PMID: 34875009 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural synchrony and functional connectivity are disrupted in schizophrenia. We investigated changes in prefrontal-hippocampal neural dynamics during psychosis-like states induced by the NMDAR antagonist phencyclidine and subsequent rescue by two atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs), risperidone and clozapine, and the classical APD haloperidol. The psychotomimetic effects of phencyclidine were associated with prefrontal hypersynchronization, hippocampal desynchronization, and disrupted circuit connectivity. Phencyclidine boosted prefrontal oscillatory power at atypical bands within delta, gamma, and high frequency ranges, while irregular cross-frequency and spike-LFP coupling emerged. In the hippocampus, phencyclidine enhanced delta rhythms but suppressed theta oscillations, theta-gamma coupling, and theta-beta spike-LFP coupling. Baseline interregional theta-gamma coupling, theta phase coherence, and hippocampus-to-cortex theta signals were redirected to delta frequencies. Risperidone and clozapine, but not haloperidol, reduced phencyclidine-induced prefrontal and cortical-hippocampal hypersynchrony. None of the substances restored hippocampal and circuit desynchronization. These results suggest that AAPDs, but not typical APDs, target prefrontal-hippocampal pathways to elicit antipsychotic action. We investigated whether the affinity of AAPDs for serotonin receptors could explain their distinct effects. Serotonin 5-HT2AR antagonism by M100907 and 5-HT1AR agonism by 8-OH-DPAT reduced prefrontal hypersynchronization. Our results point to fundamentally different neural mechanisms underlying the action of atypical versus typical APDs with selective contribution of serotonin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Delgado-Sallent
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Nebot
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Gener
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amanda B Fath
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Melina Timplalexi
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Victoria Puig
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Razar RBBA, Qu Y, Gunaseelan S, Chua JJE. The importance of fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1 in neural circuit establishment and neurological disorders. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:1165-1171. [PMID: 34782550 PMCID: PMC8643053 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.327327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain contains an estimated 100 billion neurons that must be systematically organized into functional neural circuits for it to function properly. These circuits range from short-range local signaling networks between neighboring neurons to long-range networks formed between various brain regions. Compelling converging evidence indicates that alterations in neural circuits arising from abnormalities during early neuronal development or neurodegeneration contribute significantly to the etiology of neurological disorders. Supporting this notion, efforts to identify genetic causes of these disorders have uncovered an over-representation of genes encoding proteins involved in the processes of neuronal differentiation, maturation, synaptogenesis and synaptic function. Fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1, a Kinesin-1 adapter, has emerged as a key central player involved in many of these processes. Fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1-dependent transport of synaptic cargoes and mitochondria is essential for neuronal development and synapse establishment. Furthermore, it acts downstream of guidance cue pathways to regulate axo-dendritic development. Significantly, perturbing its function causes abnormalities in neuronal development and synapse formation both in the brain as well as the peripheral nervous system. Mutations and deletions of the fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1 gene are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. Moreover, altered phosphorylation of the protein contributes to neurodegenerative disorders. Together, these findings strongly implicate the importance of fasciculation and elongation protein zeta-1 in the establishment of neuronal circuits and its maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafhanah Banu Bte Abdul Razar
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; LSI Neurobiology Programme; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yinghua Qu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; LSI Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saravanan Gunaseelan
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; LSI Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Jia En Chua
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; LSI Neurobiology Programme; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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27
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Detection of functional and structural brain alterations in female schizophrenia using elastic net logistic regression. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:281-290. [PMID: 34313906 PMCID: PMC8825615 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging technique is a powerful tool to characterize the abnormality of brain networks in schizophrenia. However, the neurophysiological substrate of schizophrenia is still unclear. Here we investigated the patterns of brain functional and structural changes in female patients with schizophrenia using elastic net logistic regression analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Data from 52 participants (25 female schizophrenia patients and 27 healthy controls) were obtained. Using an elastic net penalty, the brain regions most relevant to schizophrenia pathology were defined in the models using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and gray matter, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed reliable classification accuracy with 85.7% in ALFF analysis, and 77.1% in gray matter analysis. Notably, our results showed eight common regions between the ALFF and gray matter analyses, including the Frontal-Inf-Orb-R, Rolandic-Oper-R, Olfactory-R, Angular-L, Precuneus-L, Precuenus-R, Heschl-L, and Temporal-Pole-Mid-R. In addition, the severity of symptoms was found positively associated with the ALFF within the Rolandic-Oper-R and Frontal-Inf-Orb-R. Our findings indicated that elastic net logistic regression could be a useful tool to identify the characteristics of schizophrenia -related brain deterioration, which provides novel insights into schizophrenia diagnosis and prediction.
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28
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Investigating neurophysiological markers of impaired cognition in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2021; 233:34-43. [PMID: 34225025 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is highly prevalent in schizophrenia and treatment options are severely limited. A greater understanding of the pathophysiology of impaired cognition would have broad implications, including for the development of effective treatments. In the current study we used a multimodal approach to identify neurophysiological markers of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Fifty-seven participants (30 schizophrenia, 27 controls) underwent neurobiological assessment (electroencephalography [EEG] and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation combined with EEG [TMS-EEG]) and assessment of cognitive functioning using an n-back task and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery. Neurobiological outcome measures included oscillatory power during a 2-back task, TMS-related oscillations and TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). Cognitive outcome measures were d prime and accurate reaction time on the 2-back and MATRICS domain scores. Compared to healthy controls, participants with schizophrenia showed significantly reduced theta oscillations in response to TMS, and trend level decreases in task-related theta and cortical reactivity (i.e. reduced N100 and N40 TEPs). Participants with schizophrenia also showed significantly impaired cognitive performance across all measures. Correlational analysis identified significant associations between cortical reactivity and TMS-related oscillations in both groups; and trend level associations between task-related oscillations and impaired cognition in schizophrenia. The current study provides experimental support for possible neurophysiological markers of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The potential implications of these findings, including for treatment development, are discussed.
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Dimitriadis SI. Reconfiguration of αmplitude driven dominant coupling modes (DoCM) mediated by α-band in adolescents with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 108:110073. [PMID: 32805332 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) based biomarkers have been shown to correlate with the presence of psychotic disorders. Increased delta and decreased alpha power in psychosis indicate an abnormal arousal state. We investigated brain activity across the basic EEG frequencies and also dynamic functional connectivity of both intra and cross-frequency coupling that could reveal a neurophysiological biomarker linked to an aberrant modulating role of alpha frequency in adolescents with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). A dynamic functional connectivity graph (DFCG) has been estimated using the imaginary part of phase lag value (iPLV) and correlation of the envelope (corrEnv). We analyzed DFCG profiles of electroencephalographic resting state (eyes closed) recordings of healthy controls (HC) (n = 39) and SSDs subjects (n = 45) in basic frequency bands {δ,θ,α1,α2,β1,β2,γ}. In our analysis, we incorporated both intra and cross-frequency coupling modes. Adopting our recent Dominant Coupling Mode (DοCM) model leads to the construction of an integrated DFCG (iDFCG) that encapsulates the functional strength and the DοCM of every pair of brain areas. We revealed significantly higher ratios of delta/alpha1,2 power spectrum in SSDs subjects versus HC. The probability distribution (PD) of amplitude driven DoCM mediated by alpha frequency differentiated SSDs from HC with absolute accuracy (100%). The network Flexibility Index (FI) was significantly lower for subjects with SSDs compared to the HC group. Our analysis supports the central role of alpha frequency alterations in the neurophysiological mechanisms of SSDs. Currents findings open up new diagnostic pathways to clinical detection of SSDs and support the design of rational neurofeedback training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros I Dimitriadis
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Neuroinformatics Group, Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences,Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences,Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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30
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Zhao Z, Li J, Niu Y, Wang C, Zhao J, Yuan Q, Ren Q, Xu Y, Yu Y. Classification of Schizophrenia by Combination of Brain Effective and Functional Connectivity. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:651439. [PMID: 34149345 PMCID: PMC8209471 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.651439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, lots of studies have tried to apply machine learning to different electroencephalography (EEG) measures for diagnosing schizophrenia (SZ) patients. However, most EEG measures previously used are either a univariate measure or a single type of brain connectivity, which may not fully capture the abnormal brain changes of SZ patients. In this paper, event-related potentials were collected from 45 SZ patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) during a learning task, and then a combination of partial directed coherence (PDC) effective and phase lag index (PLI) functional connectivity were used as features to train a support vector machine classifier with leave-one-out cross-validation for classification of SZ from HCs. Our results indicated that an excellent classification performance (accuracy = 95.16%, specificity = 94.44%, and sensitivity = 96.15%) was obtained when the combination of functional and effective connectivity features was used, and the corresponding optimal feature number was 15, which included 12 PDC and three PLI connectivity features. The selected effective connectivity features were mainly located between the frontal/temporal/central and visual/parietal lobes, and the selected functional connectivity features were mainly located between the frontal/temporal and visual cortexes of the right hemisphere. In addition, most of the selected effective connectivity abnormally enhanced in SZ patients compared with HCs, whereas all the selected functional connectivity features decreased in SZ patients. The above results showed that our proposed method has great potential to become a tool for the auxiliary diagnosis of SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongya Zhao
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Xinxiang city, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Henan Province, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Research, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Combinatorial Technique for Clinical and Biomedical Big Data, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of International Education, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanxiang Niu
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chang Wang
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Xinxiang city, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Henan Province, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Research, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Combinatorial Technique for Clinical and Biomedical Big Data, Xinxiang, China
| | - Junqiang Zhao
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Xinxiang city, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Henan Province, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Research, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Combinatorial Technique for Clinical and Biomedical Big Data, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qingli Yuan
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qiongqiong Ren
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Xinxiang city, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Henan Province, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yongtao Xu
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Xinxiang city, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Henan Province, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Research, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Combinatorial Technique for Clinical and Biomedical Big Data, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yi Yu
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Xinxiang city, Xinxiang, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Neurosense and Control of Henan Province, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Research, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Combinatorial Technique for Clinical and Biomedical Big Data, Xinxiang, China
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31
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Yang H, Zhang H, Di X, Wang S, Meng C, Tian L, Biswal B. Reproducible coactivation patterns of functional brain networks reveal the aberrant dynamic state transition in schizophrenia. Neuroimage 2021; 237:118193. [PMID: 34048900 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well documented that massive dynamic information is contained in the resting-state fMRI. Recent studies have identified recurring states dominated by similar coactivation patterns (CAPs) and revealed their temporal dynamics. However, the reproducibility and generalizability of the CAP analysis are unclear. To address this question, the effects of methodological pipelines on CAP are comprehensively evaluated in this study, including the preprocessing, network construction, cluster number and three independent cohorts. The CAP state dynamics are characterized by the fraction of time, persistence, counts, and transition probability. Results demonstrate six reliable CAP states and their dynamic characteristics are also reproducible. The state transition probability is found to be positively associated with the spatial similarity. Furthermore, the aberrant CAP states in schizophrenia have been investigated by using the reproducible method on three cohorts. Schizophrenia patients spend less time in CAP states that involve the fronto-parietal network, but more time in CAP states that involve the default mode and salience network. The aberrant dynamic characteristics of CAP states are correlated with the symptom severity. These results reveal the reproducibility and generalizability of the CAP analysis, which can provide novel insights into the neuropathological mechanism associated with aberrant brain network dynamics of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xin Di
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214151, China
| | - Chun Meng
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214151, China.
| | - Bharat Biswal
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States.
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32
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Arora M, Knott VJ, Labelle A, Fisher DJ. Alterations of Resting EEG in Hallucinating and Nonhallucinating Schizophrenia Patients. Clin EEG Neurosci 2021; 52:159-167. [PMID: 33074718 DOI: 10.1177/1550059420965385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Auditory hallucinations (AHs) are a common symptom of schizophrenia and contribute significantly to disease burden. Research on schizophrenia and AHs is limited and fails to adequately address the effect of AHs on resting EEG in patients with schizophrenia. This study assessed changes in frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta) of resting EEG taken from hallucinating patients (n = 12), nonhallucinating patients (n = 11), and healthy controls (n = 12). Delta and theta activity were unaffected by AHs but differed between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Alpha activity was affected by AHs: nonhallucinators had more alpha activity than hallucinators and healthy controls. Additionally, beta activity was inversely related to trait measures of AHs. These findings contribute to the literature of resting eyes closed EEG recordings of schizophrenia and AHs, and indicate the role of delta, theta, alpha, and beta as markers for schizophrenia and auditory hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhav Arora
- Faculty of Medicine, 6363University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Verner J Knott
- Faculty of Medicine, 6363University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- The 26624Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alain Labelle
- Faculty of Medicine, 6363University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- The 26624Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Derek J Fisher
- The 26624Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Racz FS, Farkas K, Stylianou O, Kaposzta Z, Czoch A, Mukli P, Csukly G, Eke A. Separating scale-free and oscillatory components of neural activity in schizophrenia. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e02047. [PMID: 33538105 PMCID: PMC8119820 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alterations in narrow-band spectral power of electroencephalography (EEG) recordings are commonly reported in patients with schizophrenia (SZ). It is well established however that electrophysiological signals comprise a broadband scale-free (or fractal) component generated by mechanisms different from those producing oscillatory neural activity. Despite this known feature, it has not yet been investigated if spectral abnormalities found in SZ could be attributed to scale-free or oscillatory brain function. METHODS In this study, we analyzed resting-state EEG recordings of 14 SZ patients and 14 healthy controls. Scale-free and oscillatory components of the power spectral density (PSD) were separated, and band-limited power (BLP) of the original (mixed) PSD, as well as its fractal and oscillatory components, was estimated in five frequency bands. The scaling property of the fractal component was characterized by its spectral exponent in two distinct frequency ranges (1-13 and 13-30 Hz). RESULTS Analysis of the mixed PSD revealed a decrease of BLP in the delta band in SZ over the central regions; however, this difference could be attributed almost exclusively to a shift of power toward higher frequencies in the fractal component. Broadband neural activity expressed a true bimodal nature in all except frontal regions. Furthermore, both low- and high-range spectral exponents exhibited a characteristic topology over the cortex in both groups. CONCLUSION Our results imply strong functional significance of scale-free neural activity in SZ and suggest that abnormalities in PSD may emerge from alterations of the fractal and not only the oscillatory components of neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kinga Farkas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zalan Kaposzta
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Akos Czoch
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Mukli
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Csukly
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Eke
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Rittweger N, Ishorst T, Barmashenko G, Aliane V, Winter C, Funke K. Effects of iTBS-rTMS on the Behavioral Phenotype of a Rat Model of Maternal Immune Activation. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:670699. [PMID: 33967716 PMCID: PMC8098712 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.670699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is considered a promising therapeutic tool for treating neuropsychiatric diseases. Previously, we found intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) rTMS to be most effective in modulating cortical excitation-inhibition balance in rats, accompanied by improved cortical sensory processing and sensory learning performance. Using an animal schizophrenia model based on maternal immune activation (MIA) we tested if iTBS applied to either adult or juvenile rats can affect the behavioral phenotype in a therapeutic or preventive manner, respectively. In a sham-controlled fashion, iTBS effects in MIA rats were compared with rats receiving vehicle NaCl injection instead of the synthetic viral strand. Prior to iTBS, adult MIA rats showed deficits in sensory gating, as tested with prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex, and deficits in novel object recognition (NOR). No differences between MIA and control rats were evident with regard to signs of anxiety, anhedonia and depression but MIA rats were somewhat superior to controls during the training phase of Morris Water Maze (MWM) test. MIA but not control rats significantly improved in PPI following iTBS at adulthood but without significant differences between verum and sham application. If applied during adolescence, verum but not sham-iTBS improved NOR at adulthood but no difference in PPI was evident in rats treated either with sham or verum-iTBS. MIA and control rat responses to sham-iTBS applied at adulthood differed remarkably, indicating a different physiological reaction to the experimental experiences. Although verum-iTBS was not superior to sham-iTBS, MIA rats seemed to benefit from the treatment procedure in general, since differences-in relation to control rats declined or disappeared. Even if classical placebo effects can be excluded, motor or cognitive challenges or the entire handling procedure during the experiments appear to alleviate the behavioral impairments of MIA rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Rittweger
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tanja Ishorst
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gleb Barmashenko
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.,AIO-Studien-gGmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Aliane
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christine Winter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus Funke
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
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35
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Mofleh R, Kocsis B. Delta-range coupling between prefrontal cortex and hippocampus supported by respiratory rhythmic input from the olfactory bulb in freely behaving rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8100. [PMID: 33854115 PMCID: PMC8046996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory rhythm (RR) during sniffing is known to couple with hippocampal theta rhythm. However, outside of the short sniffing bouts, a more stable ~ 2 Hz RR was recently shown to rhythmically modulate non-olfactory cognitive processes, as well. The underlying RR coupling with wide-spread forebrain activity was confirmed using advanced techniques, creating solid premise for investigating how higher networks use this mechanism in their communication. Here we show essential differences in the way prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HC) process the RR signal from the olfactory bulb (OB) that may support dynamic, flexible PFC-HC coupling utilizing this input. We used inter-regional coherences and their correlations in rats, breathing at low rate (~ 2 Hz), outside of the short sniffing bouts. We found strong and stable OB-PFC coherence in wake states, contrasting OB-HC coherence which was low but highly variable. Importantly, this variability was essential for establishing PFC-HC synchrony at RR, whereas variations of RRO in OB and PFC had no significant effect. The findings help to understand the mechanism of rhythmic modulation of non-olfactory cognitive processes by the on-going regular respiration, reported in rodents as well as humans. These mechanisms may be impaired when nasal breathing is limited or in OB-pathology, including malfunctions of the olfactory epithelium due to infections, such as in Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola Mofleh
- Department Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Bernat Kocsis
- Department Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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36
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Jones ZB, Zhang J, Wu Y, Zhou Y. Inhibition of 14-3-3 Proteins Alters Neural Oscillations in Mice. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:647856. [PMID: 33776658 PMCID: PMC7994333 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.647856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that schizophrenia is a disorder of the brain’s communication, a result of functional and structural dysconnectivities. Patients with schizophrenia exhibit irregular neuronal circuit and network activity, but the causes and consequences of such activity remain largely unknown. Inhibition of 14-3-3 proteins in the mouse brain leads to the expression of multiple schizophrenia endophenotypes. Here we investigated how 14-3-3 inhibition alters neuronal network activity in the mouse hippocampus (HPC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), key brain regions implicated in schizophrenia pathophysiology. We implanted monopolar recording electrodes in these two regions to record local field potentials both at rest and during a cognitive task. Through our assessment of band power, coherence, and phase-amplitude coupling, we found that neural oscillations in the theta and gamma frequency ranges were altered as a result of 14-3-3 dysfunction. Utilizing transgenic and viral mouse models to assess the effects of chronic and acute 14-3-3 inhibition on oscillatory activities, respectively, we observed several fundamental similarities and differences between the two models. We localized viral mediated 14-3-3 protein inhibition to either the HPC or PFC, allowing us to assess the individual contributions of each region to the observed changes in neural oscillations. These findings identify a novel role of 14-3-3 proteins in neural oscillations that may have implications for our understanding of schizophrenia neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary B Jones
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Jiajing Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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37
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Psol M, Darvas SG, Leite K, Mahajani SU, Bähr M, Kügler S. Dementia with Lewy bodies-associated ß-synuclein mutations V70M and P123H cause mutation-specific neuropathological lesions. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:247-264. [PMID: 33760043 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta (ß)-synuclein (ß-Syn) has long been considered to be an attenuator for the neuropathological effects caused by the Parkinson's disease-related alpha (α)-synuclein (α-Syn) protein. However, recent studies demonstrated that overabundant ß-Syn can form aggregates and induce neurodegeneration in central nervous system (CNS) neurons in vitro and in vivo, albeit at a slower pace as compared with α-Syn. Here, we demonstrate that ß-Syn mutants V70M, detected in a sporadic case of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and P123H, detected in a familial case of DLB, robustly aggravate the neurotoxic potential of ß-Syn. Intriguingly, the two mutations trigger mutually exclusive pathways. ß-Syn V70M enhances morphological mitochondrial deterioration and degeneration of dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic neurons, but it has no influence on neuronal network activity. Conversely, ß-Syn P123H silences neuronal network activity, but it does not aggravate neurodegeneration. ß-Syn wild type (WT), V70M and P123H formed proteinase K-resistant intracellular fibrils within neurons, albeit with less stable C-termini as compared with α-Syn. Under cell-free conditions, ß-Syn V70M demonstrated a much slower pace of fibril formation as compared with WT ß-Syn, and P123H fibrils present with a unique phenotype characterized by large numbers of short, truncated fibrils. Thus, it is possible that V70M and P123H cause structural alterations in ß-Syn, which are linked to their distinct neuropathological profiles. The extent of the lesions caused by these neuropathological profiles is almost identical to that of overabundant α-Syn and is thus likely to be directly involved into the etiology of DLB. Overall, this study provides insights into distinct disease mechanisms caused by mutations of ß-Syn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryna Psol
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Sofia Guerin Darvas
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Kristian Leite
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Sameehan U Mahajani
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kügler
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany
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38
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Lippmann B, Barmashenko G, Funke K. Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic and deep brain stimulation on long-range synchrony of oscillatory activity in a rat model of developmental schizophrenia. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:2848-2869. [PMID: 33480084 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant neuronal network activity likely resulting from disturbed interactions of excitatory and inhibitory systems may be a major cause of cognitive deficits in neuropsychiatric diseases, like within the spectrum of schizophrenic phenotypes. In particular, the synchrony and pattern of oscillatory brain activity appears to be disturbed within limbic networks, e.g. between prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In a rat model of maternal immune activation (MIA), we compared the acute effects of deep brain stimulation within either medial prefrontal cortex or ventral hippocampus with the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), using the intermittent theta-burst protocol (iTBS), on oscillatory activity within limbic structures. Simultaneous local field potential recordings were made from medial prefrontal cortex, ventral hippocampus, nucleus accumbens and rostral part of ventral tegmental area before and after deep brain stimulation in anaesthetized rats previously (~3 h) treated with sham or verum rTMS. We found a waxing and waning pattern of theta and gamma activity in all structures which was less synchronous in particular between medial prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus in MIA offspring. Deep brain stimulation in medial prefrontal cortex and pre-treatment with iTBS-rTMS partly improved this pattern. Gamma-theta cross-frequency coupling was stronger in MIA offspring and could partly be reduced by deep brain stimulation in medial prefrontal cortex. We can confirm aberrant limbic network activity in a rat MIA model, and at least acute normalizing effects of the neuromodulatory methods. It has to be proven whether these procedures can have chronic effects suitable for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lippmann
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gleb Barmashenko
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,AIO-Studien-gGmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Funke
- Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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39
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Mofleh R, Kocsis B. Delta-range coupling between prefrontal cortex and hippocampus supported by respiratory rhythmic input from the olfactory bulb in freely behaving rats. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021:2020.05.04.077461. [PMID: 33564765 PMCID: PMC7872353 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.04.077461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An explosion of recent findings firmly demonstrated that brain activity and cognitive function in rodents and humans are modulated synchronously with nasal respiration. Rhythmic respiratory (RR) coupling of wide-spread forebrain activity was confirmed using advanced techniques, including current source density analysis, single unit firing, and phase modulation of local gamma activity, creating solid premise for investigating how higher networks use this mechanism in their communication. Here we show essential differences in the way prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HC) process the RR signal from the olfactory bulb (OB) allowing dynamic PFC-HC coupling utilizing this input. We used inter-regional coherences and their correlations in rats, breathing at low rate (∼2 Hz) at rest, outside of the short sniffing bouts. We found strong and stable OB-PFC coherence, contrasting OB-HC coherence which was low but highly variable. PFC-HC coupling, however, primarily correlated with the latter, indicating that HC access to the PFC output is dynamically regulated by the responsiveness of HC to the common rhythmic drive. This pattern was present in both theta and non-theta states of waking, whereas PFC-HC communication appeared protected from RR synchronization in sleep states. The findings help to understand the mechanism of rhythmic modulation of non-olfactory cognitive processes by the on-going regular respiration, reported in rodents as well as humans. These mechanisms may be impaired when nasal breathing is limited or in OB-pathology, including malfunctions of the OB epithelium due to infections, such as in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola Mofleh
- Dept Psychiatry at BIDMC, Harvard Medical School
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40
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Perrottelli A, Giordano GM, Brando F, Giuliani L, Mucci A. EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:653642. [PMID: 34017273 PMCID: PMC8129021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.653642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Electrophysiological (EEG) abnormalities in subjects with schizophrenia have been largely reported. In the last decades, research has shifted to the identification of electrophysiological alterations in the prodromal and early phases of the disorder, focusing on the prediction of clinical and functional outcome. The identification of neuronal aberrations in subjects with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) and in those at ultra high-risk (UHR) or clinical high-risk (CHR) to develop a psychosis is crucial to implement adequate interventions, reduce the rate of transition to psychosis, as well as the risk of irreversible functioning impairment. The aim of the review is to provide an up-to-date synthesis of the electrophysiological findings in the at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Methods: A systematic review of English articles using Pubmed, Scopus, and PsychINFO was undertaken in July 2020. Additional studies were identified by hand-search. Electrophysiological studies that included at least one group of FEP or subjects at risk to develop psychosis, compared to healthy controls (HCs), were considered. The heterogeneity of the studies prevented a quantitative synthesis. Results: Out of 319 records screened, 133 studies were included in a final qualitative synthesis. Included studies were mainly carried out using frequency analysis, microstates and event-related potentials. The most common findings included an increase in delta and gamma power, an impairment in sensory gating assessed through P50 and N100 and a reduction of Mismatch Negativity and P300 amplitude in at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Progressive changes in some of these electrophysiological measures were associated with transition to psychosis and disease course. Heterogeneous data have been reported for indices evaluating synchrony, connectivity, and evoked-responses in different frequency bands. Conclusions: Multiple EEG-indices were altered during at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia, supporting the hypothesis that cerebral network dysfunctions appear already before the onset of the disorder. Some of these alterations demonstrated association with transition to psychosis or poor functional outcome. However, heterogeneity in subjects' inclusion criteria, clinical measures and electrophysiological methods prevents drawing solid conclusions. Large prospective studies are needed to consolidate findings concerning electrophysiological markers of clinical and functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perrottelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Brando
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Giuliani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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41
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Inserra A, De Gregorio D, Gobbi G. Psychedelics in Psychiatry: Neuroplastic, Immunomodulatory, and Neurotransmitter Mechanisms. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 73:202-277. [PMID: 33328244 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests safety and efficacy of psychedelic compounds as potential novel therapeutics in psychiatry. Ketamine has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in a new class of antidepressants, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is undergoing phase III clinical trials for post-traumatic stress disorder. Psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are being investigated in several phase II and phase I clinical trials. Hence, the concept of psychedelics as therapeutics may be incorporated into modern society. Here, we discuss the main known neurobiological therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelics, which are thought to be mediated by the effects of these compounds on the serotonergic (via 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors) and glutamatergic [via N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors] systems. We focus on 1) neuroplasticity mediated by the modulation of mammalian target of rapamycin-, brain-derived neurotrophic factor-, and early growth response-related pathways; 2) immunomodulation via effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, nuclear factor ĸB, and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1, 6, and 10 production and release; and 3) modulation of serotonergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, and norepinephrinergic receptors, transporters, and turnover systems. We discuss arising concerns and ways to assess potential neurobiological changes, dependence, and immunosuppression. Although larger cohorts are required to corroborate preliminary findings, the results obtained so far are promising and represent a critical opportunity for improvement of pharmacotherapies in psychiatry, an area that has seen limited therapeutic advancement in the last 20 years. Studies are underway that are trying to decouple the psychedelic effects from the therapeutic effects of these compounds. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Psychedelic compounds are emerging as potential novel therapeutics in psychiatry. However, understanding of molecular mechanisms mediating improvement remains limited. This paper reviews the available evidence concerning the effects of psychedelic compounds on pathways that modulate neuroplasticity, immunity, and neurotransmitter systems. This work aims to be a reference for psychiatrists who may soon be faced with the possibility of prescribing psychedelic compounds as medications, helping them assess which compound(s) and regimen could be most useful for decreasing specific psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Inserra
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danilo De Gregorio
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriella Gobbi
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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42
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Aberrant glycosylation in schizophrenia: a review of 25 years of post-mortem brain studies. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:3198-3207. [PMID: 32404945 PMCID: PMC8081047 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation, the enzymatic attachment of carbohydrates to proteins and lipids, regulates nearly all cellular processes and is critical in the development and function of the nervous system. Axon pathfinding, neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis, neurotransmission, and many other neuronal processes are regulated by glycans. Over the past 25 years, studies analyzing post-mortem brain samples have found evidence of aberrant glycosylation in individuals with schizophrenia. Proteins involved in both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission display altered glycans in the disease state, including AMPA and kainate receptor subunits, glutamate transporters EAAT1 and EAAT2, and the GABAA receptor. Polysialylated NCAM (PSA-NCAM) and perineuronal nets, highly glycosylated molecules critical for axonal migration and synaptic stabilization, are both downregulated in multiple brain regions of individuals with schizophrenia. In addition, enzymes spanning several pathways of glycan synthesis show differential expression in brains of individuals with schizophrenia. These changes may be due to genetic predisposition, environmental perturbations, medication use, or a combination of these factors. However, the recent association of several enzymes of glycosylation with schizophrenia by genome-wide association studies underscores the importance of glycosylation in this disease. Understanding how glycosylation is dysregulated in the brain will further our understanding of how this pathway contributes to the development and pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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43
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Nasal respiration is necessary for ketamine-dependent high frequency network oscillations and behavioral hyperactivity in rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18981. [PMID: 33149202 PMCID: PMC7642442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in oscillatory activity are widely reported after subanesthetic ketamine, however their mechanisms of generation are unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that nasal respiration underlies the emergence of high-frequency oscillations (130–180 Hz, HFO) and behavioral activation after ketamine in freely moving rats. We found ketamine 20 mg/kg provoked “fast” theta sniffing in rodents which correlated with increased locomotor activity and HFO power in the OB. Bursts of ketamine-dependent HFO were coupled to “fast” theta frequency sniffing. Theta coupling of HFO bursts were also found in the prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum which, although of smaller amplitude, were coherent with OB activity. Haloperidol 1 mg/kg pretreatment prevented ketamine-dependent increases in fast sniffing and instead HFO coupling to slower basal respiration. Consistent with ketamine-dependent HFO being driven by nasal respiration, unilateral naris blockade led to an ipsilateral reduction in ketamine-dependent HFO power compared to the control side. Bilateral nares blockade reduced ketamine-induced hyperactivity and HFO power and frequency. These findings suggest that nasal airflow entrains ketamine-dependent HFO in diverse brain regions, and that the OB plays an important role in the broadcast of this rhythm.
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44
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Adams RA, Bush D, Zheng F, Meyer SS, Kaplan R, Orfanos S, Marques TR, Howes OD, Burgess N. Impaired theta phase coupling underlies frontotemporal dysconnectivity in schizophrenia. Brain 2020; 143:1261-1277. [PMID: 32236540 PMCID: PMC7174039 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dysconnectivity is a key pathology in schizophrenia. The specific nature of this dysconnectivity is unknown, but animal models imply dysfunctional theta phase coupling between hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We tested this hypothesis by examining neural dynamics in 18 participants with a schizophrenia diagnosis, both medicated and unmedicated; and 26 age, sex and IQ matched control subjects. All participants completed two tasks known to elicit hippocampal-prefrontal theta coupling: a spatial memory task (during magnetoencephalography) and a memory integration task. In addition, an overlapping group of 33 schizophrenia and 29 control subjects underwent PET to measure the availability of GABAARs expressing the α5 subunit (concentrated on hippocampal somatostatin interneurons). We demonstrate-in the spatial memory task, during memory recall-that theta power increases in left medial temporal lobe (mTL) are impaired in schizophrenia, as is theta phase coupling between mPFC and mTL. Importantly, the latter cannot be explained by theta power changes, head movement, antipsychotics, cannabis use, or IQ, and is not found in other frequency bands. Moreover, mPFC-mTL theta coupling correlated strongly with performance in controls, but not in subjects with schizophrenia, who were mildly impaired at the spatial memory task and no better than chance on the memory integration task. Finally, mTL regions showing reduced phase coupling in schizophrenia magnetoencephalography participants overlapped substantially with areas of diminished α5-GABAAR availability in the wider schizophrenia PET sample. These results indicate that mPFC-mTL dysconnectivity in schizophrenia is due to a loss of theta phase coupling, and imply α5-GABAARs (and the cells that express them) have a role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick A Adams
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AZ, UK.,Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK.,Max Planck-UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, 10-12 Russell Square, London, WC1B 5EH, UK.,Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, Malet Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Daniel Bush
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AZ, UK.,Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Fanfan Zheng
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AZ, UK.,Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 95 Zhongguancun East Road, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Sofie S Meyer
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AZ, UK.,Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Raphael Kaplan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stelios Orfanos
- South West London and St George's Mental Health NHS Trust, Springfield University Hospital, 61 Glenburnie Rd, London SW17 7DJ, UK.,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, UK.,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, UK.,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Neil Burgess
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AZ, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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45
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Hirano S, Spencer KM, Onitsuka T, Hirano Y. Language-Related Neurophysiological Deficits in Schizophrenia. Clin EEG Neurosci 2020; 51:222-233. [PMID: 31741393 DOI: 10.1177/1550059419886686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder that affects all aspects of one's life with several cognitive and social dysfunctions. However, there is still no objective and universal index for diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Many researchers have studied language processing in schizophrenia since most of the patients show symptoms related to language processing, such as thought disorder, auditory verbal hallucinations, or delusions. Electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) with millisecond order high temporal resolution, have been applied to reveal the abnormalities in language processing in schizophrenia. The aims of this review are (a) to provide an overview of recent findings in language processing in schizophrenia with EEG and MEG using neurophysiological indices, providing insights into underlying language related pathophysiological deficits in this disease and (b) to emphasize the advantage of EEG and MEG in research on language processing in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Japan.,Neural Dynamics Laboratory, Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin M Spencer
- Neural Dynamics Laboratory, Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Toshiaki Onitsuka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoji Hirano
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Japan.,Neural Dynamics Laboratory, Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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46
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Vittala A, Murphy N, Maheshwari A, Krishnan V. Understanding Cortical Dysfunction in Schizophrenia With TMS/EEG. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:554. [PMID: 32547362 PMCID: PMC7270174 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In schizophrenia and related disorders, a deeper mechanistic understanding of neocortical dysfunction will be essential to developing new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. To this end, combined transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS/EEG) provides a non-invasive tool to simultaneously perturb and measure neurophysiological correlates of cortical function, including oscillatory activity, cortical inhibition, connectivity, and synchronization. In this review, we summarize the findings from a variety of studies that apply TMS/EEG to understand the fundamental features of cortical dysfunction in schizophrenia. These results lend to future applications of TMS/EEG in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadith Vittala
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicholas Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Atul Maheshwari
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vaishnav Krishnan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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47
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Sasaki T, Komatsu Y, Yamamori T. Expression patterns of SLIT/ROBO mRNAs reveal a characteristic feature in the entorhinal-hippocampal area of macaque monkeys. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:262. [PMID: 32460877 PMCID: PMC7251749 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE SLITs are secreted glycoproteins that bind to Roundabouts (ROBOs) which are a family member of transmembrane receptors. SLIT signaling has well-conserved roles in mediating axon repulsion in a developing nervous system. We previously reported that SLIT1 mRNA is enriched in middle layers of the prefrontal cortex of macaque monkeys in a developmentally regulated manner. Other SLIT (SLIT2 and SLIT3) mRNAs showed preferential expressions in the prefrontal cortex with a distinct laminar pattern. To obtain further clues to the role of SLIT signaling in the organization of the primate brain, we performed ISH analysis of SLIT and ROBO mRNAs using adult macaque brain tissues. RESULTS In this study, we examined the expression patterns of SLITs and ROBOs (ROBO1 and ROBO2) in other brain regions, and found intense and characteristic expression patterns of these genes in the entorhinal-hippocampal area. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that SLIT1 and SLIT2 mRNAs showed marked complementary distribution in the entorhinal cortex. SLIT and ROBO mRNAs were widely expressed in the hippocampus with modest regional preference. These findings suggest that each SLIT gene has a specialized role that is particularly important for prefrontal as well as hippocampal connectivity in the primate cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Sasaki
- Division of Brain Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
- Ph.D Program of Neurosciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Komatsu
- Division of Brain Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0816, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamamori
- Division of Brain Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
- Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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48
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Gwilt M, Bauer M, Bast T. Frequency- and state-dependent effects of hippocampal neural disinhibition on hippocampal local field potential oscillations in anesthetized rats. Hippocampus 2020; 30:1021-1043. [PMID: 32396678 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reduced inhibitory GABA function, so-called neural disinhibition, has been implicated in cognitive disorders, including schizophrenia and age-related cognitive decline. We previously showed in rats that hippocampal disinhibition by local microinfusion of the GABA-A receptor antagonist picrotoxin disrupted memory and attention and enhanced hippocampal multi-unit burst firing recorded around the infusion site under isoflurane anesthesia. Here, we analyzed the hippocampal local field potential (LFP) recorded alongside the multi-unit data. We predicted frequency-specific LFP changes, based on previous studies implicating GABA in hippocampal oscillations, with the weight of evidence suggesting that disinhibition would facilitate theta and disrupt gamma oscillations. Using a new semi-automated method based on the kurtosis of the LFP peak-amplitude distribution as well as on amplitude envelope thresholding, we separated three distinct hippocampal LFP states under isoflurane anesthesia: "burst" and "suppression" states-high-amplitude LFP spike bursts and the interspersed low-amplitudeperiods-and a medium-amplitude "continuous" state. The burst state showed greater overall power than suppression and continuous states and higher relative delta/theta power, but lower relative beta/gamma power. The burst state also showed reduced functional connectivity across the hippocampal recording area, especially around theta and beta frequencies. Overall neuronal firing was higher in the burst than the other two states, whereas the proportion of burst firing was higher in burst and continuous states than the suppression state. Disinhibition caused state- and frequency-dependent LFP changes, tending to increase power at lower frequencies (<20 Hz), but to decrease power and connectivity at higher frequencies (>20 Hz) in burst and suppression states. The disinhibition-induced enhancement of multi-unit bursting was also state-dependent, tending to be more pronounced in burst and suppression states than the continuous state. Overall, we characterized three distinct hippocampal LFP states in isoflurane-anesthetized rats. Disinhibition changed hippocampal LFP oscillations in a state- and frequency-dependent way. Moreover, the disinhibition-induced enhancement of multi-unit bursting was also LFP state-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Gwilt
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience@Nottingham, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Markus Bauer
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience@Nottingham, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tobias Bast
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience@Nottingham, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Freche D, Naim-Feil J, Hess S, Peled A, Grinshpoon A, Moses E, Levit-Binnun N. Phase-Amplitude Markers of Synchrony and Noise: A Resting-State and TMS-EEG Study of Schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex Commun 2020; 1:tgaa013. [PMID: 34296092 PMCID: PMC8152916 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The electroencephalogram (EEG) of schizophrenia patients is known to exhibit a reduction of signal-to-noise ratio and of phase locking, as well as a facilitation of excitability, in response to a variety of external stimuli. Here, we demonstrate these effects in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-evoked potentials and in the resting-state EEG. To ensure veracity, we used 3 weekly sessions and analyzed both resting-state and TMS-EEG data. For the TMS responses, our analysis verifies known results. For the resting state, we introduce the methodology of mean-normalized variation to the EEG analysis (quartile-based coefficient of variation), which allows for a comparison of narrow-band EEG amplitude fluctuations to narrow-band Gaussian noise. This reveals that amplitude fluctuations in the delta, alpha, and beta bands of healthy controls are different from those in schizophrenia patients, on time scales of tens of seconds. We conclude that the EEG-measured cortical activity patterns of schizophrenia patients are more similar to noise, both in alpha- and beta-resting state and in TMS responses. Our results suggest that the ability of neuronal populations to form stable, locally, and temporally correlated activity is reduced in schizophrenia, a conclusion, that is, in accord with previous experiments on TMS-EEG and on resting-state EEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Freche
- Sagol Center of Brain and Mind, Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya 4610101, Israel
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Jodie Naim-Feil
- Sagol Center of Brain and Mind, Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya 4610101, Israel
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Shmuel Hess
- Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikvah 49100, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Avraham Peled
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Institute for Psychiatric Studies, Shaar Menashe Mental Health Center, Menashe 38814, Pardes Hanna-Karkur, Israel
| | - Alexander Grinshpoon
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Institute for Psychiatric Studies, Shaar Menashe Mental Health Center, Menashe 38814, Pardes Hanna-Karkur, Israel
| | - Elisha Moses
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Nava Levit-Binnun
- Sagol Center of Brain and Mind, Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya 4610101, Israel
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50
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NMDA receptors on parvalbumin-positive interneurons and pyramidal neurons both contribute to MK-801 induced gamma oscillatory disturbances: Complex relationships with behaviour. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 134:104625. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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