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Ma JY, Li WY, Yang ZY, Su JZ, Li L, Deng YR, Tuo YF, Niu YY, Xiang P. The spatial distribution, health risk, and cytotoxicity of metal(loid)s in contaminated field soils: The role of Cd in human gastric cells damage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:162942. [PMID: 36940749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution and pollution level of heavy metal(loid)s in soil (0-6 m) from a typical industrial region in Jiangmen City, Southeast China was investigated. Their bioaccessibility, health risk, and human gastric cytotoxicity in topsoil were also evaluated using an in vitro digestion/human cell model. The average concentrations of Cd (87.52 mg/kg), Co (106.9 mg/kg), and Ni (1007 mg/kg) exceeded the risk screening values. The distribution profiles of metal(loid)s showed a downward migration trend to reach a depth of 2 m. The highest contamination was found in topsoil (0-0.5 m), with the concentrations of As, Cd, Co, and Ni being 46.98, 348.28, 317.44, and 2395.60 mg/kg, respectively, while Cd showed the highest bioaccessibility in the gastric phase (72.80 %), followed by Co (21.08 %), Ni (18.27 %), and As (5.26 %) and unacceptable carcinogenic risk. Moreover, the gastric digesta of topsoil suppressed the cell viability and triggered cell apoptosis, evidenced by disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increase of Cytochrome c (Cyt c) and Caspases 3/9 mRNA expression. Bioaccessible Cd in topsoil was responsible for those adverse effects. Our data suggest the importance to reduce Cd in the soil to decrease its adverse impacts on the human stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Yang Ma
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Wei-Yu Li
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Environmental Management and Remediation, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zi-Yue Yang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Su
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Li Li
- Precious Metal Testing Co. LTD of Yunnan Gold Mining Group, Kunming 650215, China
| | - Yi-Rong Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Environmental Management and Remediation, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yun-Fei Tuo
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - You-Ya Niu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China.
| | - Ping Xiang
- Yunnan Province Innovative Research Team of Environmental pollution, Food Safety, and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
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Tefera W, Tang L, Lu L, Xie R, Seifu W, Tian S. Rice cultivars significantly mitigate cadmium accumulation in grains and its bioaccessibility and toxicity in human HL-7702 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:116020. [PMID: 33234381 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Excessive Cd accumulation in cereals, especially in high-consumption staple crops, such as rice, is of major concern. Therefore, elucidation of cultivar-specific variation in rice grain Cd bioaccessibility and toxicity in humans would help the development of remedial strategies for Cd accumulation and toxicity. The present study combined an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model with a human HL-7702 cell and assessed Cd bioaccessibility and toxicity to humans from the grains of 30 rice cultivars of different types harvested from Cd-contaminated paddy soil. The mean grain Cd content of cultivars within the type exceeded acceptable national standards. Cadmium bioaccessibility was high in all grains (9.08-23.6%) except the low accumulator (LA) rice cultivar (7.93%). The mean estimated daily intake of Cd via the cultivars (except LA) exceeded the FAO/WHO permissible limit based not only on the total grain Cd concentration but also on bioaccessible Cd concentration. A dose-proportional correlation between the in vitro bioaccessible and total grain Cd concentrations was observed, suggesting that Cd bioaccessibility accurately reflects the transfer of Cd from rice grain to humans. Toxicity assay results demonstrated that Cd from rice grains could commence oxidative stress and injury in HL-7702 cells, except the LA rice, which did not exhibit significant alteration in HL-7702 cells owing to its low Cd concentration. These results provide primary evidence to suggest that the cultivation of the LA rice cultivar is an effective agronomic approach to avert Cd entry into the food chain and alleviate Cd toxicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolde Tefera
- College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; College of Agriculture, Department of Plant Sciences and Horticulture, Selale University, Fitche 245, Ethiopia
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lingli Lu
- College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruohan Xie
- College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weldemariam Seifu
- College of Agriculture, Department of Plant Sciences and Horticulture, Selale University, Fitche 245, Ethiopia
| | - Shengke Tian
- College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Zhang Y, Ali A, Jin Z, Pei Y, Yang G. Induction of cystathionine gamma-lyase expression and metallothionein-1 S-sulfhydration alleviate cadmium-induced cell death in myoblast cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 179:222-231. [PMID: 31048218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a multifunctional gasotransmitter, participates in a wide range of cellular signal transduction and pathophysiological processes. Cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) acts as a major H2S-generating enzyme in peripheral organs and tissues. As a cysteine-rich and heavy metal-binding protein, metallothionein-1 (MT-1) is known to protect cells from various environmental stresses. Here we demonstrated that exposure of cadmium (Cd) induced oxidative stress, depleted intracellular thiols, and stimulated apoptotic cell death in mouse myoblast cells. CSE expression and H2S production were significantly enhanced by Cd treatment. NaHS, a well-known H2S donor, at physiologically relevant concentration significantly alleviated Cd-induced damage in both myoblasts and mouse skeletal muscles. In contrast, down-regulation of CSE/H2S system deteriorated Cd-stimulated oxidative stress and cell death. Exposure of the cells to Cd lead to increased expressions of metal regulatory transcription factor 1 and MT-1, while siRNA-mediated MT-1 knockdown alleviated Cd-induced CSE expression and caused more oxidative stress and cell death. In addition, H2S post-translationally modified MT-1 by S-sulfhydration and stabilized zinc-protein complex. Taken together, these data suggest that CSE/H2S system would protect myoblasts and skeletal muscles from Cd-induced damage by S-sufhydrating MT-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Amr Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Zhuping Jin
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Yanxi Pei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Guangdong Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.
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Choppadandi M, More N, Kapusetti G. Detoxification of poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement by natural antioxidant intervention. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:2835-2847. [PMID: 31433892 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement is the most widely used grouting material in the joint arthroplasties and vertebroplasties. The present investigation has been carried out to scavenge the radicals and monomer by addition of an antioxidant to minimize the toxicity of bone cement (BC). The in silico studies were employed to determine the potent natural antioxidant at physiological conditions. The antioxidant methionine demonstrated a strong binding affinity with free radicals and methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer than cysteine. The designated amount of methionine was optimized by various assay methods and >2% methionine shows strong scavenging capacity in BC. Moreover, the antioxidant-loaded BC (ABC) demonstrated similar handling, physicochemical and mechanical properties to pristine bone cement. Significantly, the developed formulation shows superior biological characteristics such as cell proliferation (2 ± 1 BC and 6 ± 1 ABC), adhesion (0.32 ± 0.02 BC and 0.54 ± 0.01 ABC), and cell viability (81 ± 2% BC and 93 ± 1% ABC) toward human osteoblast-like cells (MG-63). Therefore, the novel antioxidant bone cement is a potential candidate for various orthopedic applications to eliminate the adverse effects, related to residual toxic radical and monomer in bone cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounika Choppadandi
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Namdev More
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Govinda Kapusetti
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad, India
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Chen S, Ren Q, Zhang J, Ye Y, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Guo M, Ji H, Xu C, Gu C, Gao W, Huang S, Chen L. N-acetyl-L-cysteine protects against cadmium-induced neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting ROS-dependent activation of Akt/mTOR pathway in mouse brain. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2015; 40:759-77. [PMID: 24299490 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study explores the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) in mice exposed to cadmium (Cd). METHODS NAC (150 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered to mice exposed to Cd (10-50 mg/L) in drinking water for 6 weeks. The changes of cell damage and death, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes, as well as Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway in brain neurones were assessed. To verify the role of mTOR activation in Cd-induced neurotoxicity, mice also received a subacute regimen of intraperitoneally administered Cd (1 mg/kg) with/without rapamycin (7.5 mg/kg) for 11 days. RESULTS Chronic exposure of mice to Cd induced brain damage or neuronal cell death, due to ROS induction. Co-administration of NAC significantly reduced Cd levels in the plasma and brain of the animals. NAC prevented Cd-induced ROS and significantly attenuated Cd-induced brain damage or neuronal cell death. The protective effect of NAC was mediated, at least partially, by elevating the activities of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as the level of glutathione in the brain. Furthermore, Cd-induced activation of Akt/mTOR pathway in the brain was also inhibited by NAC. Rapamycin in vitro and in vivo protected against Cd-induced neurotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS NAC protects against Cd-induced neuronal apoptosis in mouse brain partially by inhibiting ROS-dependent activation of Akt/mTOR pathway. The findings highlight that NAC may be exploited for prevention and treatment of Cd-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Dewanjee S, Gangopadhyay M, Sahu R, Karmakar S. Cadmium induced pathophysiology: prophylactic role of edible jute (Corchorus olitorius) leaves with special emphasis on oxidative stress and mitochondrial involvement. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 60:188-98. [PMID: 23891759 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorius leaves (AECO) against CdCl₂ intoxication. In vitro bioassay on isolated mice hepatocytes confirmed dose dependent cytoprotective effect of AECO. The CdCl₂ (30 μM) exhibited a significantly increased levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation along with the reduction of antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione levels in hepatocytes. AECO (200 and 400 μg/ml) + CdCl₂ (30 μM) could significantly restore the aforementioned oxidation parameters in hepatocytes. Beside this, AECO could significantly reduce Cd-induced increase in Bad/Bcl-2 ratio and the over-expression of NF-κB, caspase 3 and caspase 9. In in vivo assay, CdCl₂ (4 mg/kg body weight, for 6 days) treated rats exhibited a significantly increased intracellular Cd accumulation, oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation in the organs. In addition, the haematological parameters were significantly altered in the CdCl₂ treated rats. Simultaneous administration of AECO (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight), could significantly restore the biochemical, antioxidant and haematological parameters near to the normal status. Histological studies of the organs supported the protective role of jute leaves. Presence of substantial quantity of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in extract may be responsible for overall protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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Nzengue Y, Candéias SM, Sauvaigo S, Douki T, Favier A, Rachidi W, Guiraud P. The toxicity redox mechanisms of cadmium alone or together with copper and zinc homeostasis alteration: its redox biomarkers. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2011; 25:171-80. [PMID: 21820296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2010] [Revised: 05/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal and can induce and/or promote diseases in humans (cancer, aging diseases, kidney and bone diseases, etc.). Its toxicity involves many mechanisms including the alteration of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) homeostasis leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, either directly or through the inhibition of antioxidant activities. Importantly, ROS can induce oxidative damages in cells. Cadmium, Cu and Zn are also able to induce glutathione (GSH) and metallothioneins (MT) synthesis in a cell-type-dependent manner. As a consequence, the effects induced by these three metals result simultaneously from the inhibition of antioxidant activities and the induction of other factors such as GSH and MT synthesis. MT levels are regulated not only by the p53 protein in a cell-type-dependent manner, or by transcription factors such as metal-responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) and cellular Zn levels but also by cellular GSH level. As described in the literature, DNA damage, GSH and MT levels are sensitive biomarkers used to identify Cd-induced toxicity alone or together with Cu and Zn homeostasis alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Nzengue
- INAC/SCIB UMR-E3 CEA/UJF, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
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Jalilehvand F, Leung BO, Mah V. Cadmium(II) complex formation with cysteine and penicillamine. Inorg Chem 2010; 48:5758-71. [PMID: 19469490 DOI: 10.1021/ic802278r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The complex formation between cadmium(II) and the ligands cysteine (H(2)Cys) and penicillamine (H(2)Pen = 3,3'-dimethylcysteine) in aqueous solutions, having C(Cd(II)) approximately 0.1 mol dm(-3) and C(H(2)L) = 0.2-2 mol dm(-3), was studied at pH = 7.5 and 11.0 by means of (113)Cd NMR and Cd K- and L(3)-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. For all cadmium(II)-cysteine molar ratios, the mean Cd-S and Cd-(N/O) bond distances were found in the ranges 2.52-2.54 and 2.27-2.35 A, respectively. The corresponding cadmium(II)-penicillamine complexes showed slightly shorter Cd-S bonds, 2.50-2.53 A, but with the Cd-(N/O) bond distances in a similar wide range, 2.28-2.33 A. For the molar ratio C(H(2)L)/C(Cd(II)) = 2, the (113)Cd chemical shifts, in the range 509-527 ppm at both pH values, indicated complexes with distorted tetrahedral CdS(2)N(N/O) coordination geometry. With a large excess of cysteine (molar ratios C(H(2)Cys)/C(Cd(II)) >or= 10), complexes with CdS(4) coordination geometry dominate, consistent with the (113)Cd NMR chemical shifts, delta approximately 680 ppm at pH 7.5 and 636-658 ppm at pH 11.0, and their mean Cd-S distances were 2.53 +/- 0.02 A. At pH 7.5, the complexes are almost exclusively sulfur-coordinated as [Cd(S-cysteinate)(4)](n-), while at higher pH, the deprotonation of the amine groups promotes chelate formation. At pH 11.0, a minor amount of the [Cd(Cys)(3)](4-) complex with CdS(3)N coordination is formed. For the corresponding penicillamine solutions with molar ratios C(H(2)Pen)/C(Cd(II)) >or= 10, the (113)Cd NMR chemical shifts, delta approximately 600 ppm at pH 7.5 and 578 ppm at pH 11.0, together with the average bond distances, Cd-S 2.53 +/- 0.02 A and Cd-(N/O) 2.30-2.33 A, indicate that [Cd(penicillaminate)(3)](n-) complexes with chelating CdS(3)(N/O) coordination dominate already at pH 7.5 and become mixed with CdS(2)N(N/O) complexes at pH 11.0. The present study reveals differences between cysteine and penicillamine as ligands to the cadmium(II) ion that can explain why cysteine-rich metallothionines are capable of capturing cadmium(II) ions, while penicillamine, clinically useful for treating the toxic effects of mercury(II) and lead(II) exposure, is not efficient against cadmium(II) poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Jalilehvand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
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Casas JS, Castellano EE, Couce MD, García-Vega M, Sánchez A, Sánchez-González A, Sordo J, Varela JM, Vázquez López EM. Chemical and in vitro study of the potential of 3-(aryl)-2-sulfanylpropenoic acids and their Zn(ii) complexes as protective agents against cadmium toxicity. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:3931-43. [DOI: 10.1039/b918361b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Antioxidant activity of sulfur and selenium: a review of reactive oxygen species scavenging, glutathione peroxidase, and metal-binding antioxidant mechanisms. Cell Biochem Biophys 2009; 55:1-23. [PMID: 19548119 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-009-9054-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that oxidation caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major cause of cellular damage and death and has been implicated in cancer, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases. Small-molecule antioxidants containing sulfur and selenium can ameliorate oxidative damage, and cells employ multiple antioxidant mechanisms to prevent this cellular damage. However, current research has focused mainly on clinical, epidemiological, and in vivo studies with little emphasis on the antioxidant mechanisms responsible for observed sulfur and selenium antioxidant activities. In addition, the antioxidant properties of sulfur compounds are commonly compared to selenium antioxidant properties; however, sulfur and selenium antioxidant activities can be quite distinct, with each utilizing different antioxidant mechanisms to prevent oxidative cellular damage. In the present review, we discuss the antioxidant activities of sulfur and selenium compounds, focusing on several antioxidant mechanisms, including ROS scavenging, glutathione peroxidase, and metal-binding antioxidant mechanisms. Findings of several recent clinical, epidemiological, and in vivo studies highlight the need for future studies that specifically focus on the chemical mechanisms of sulfur and selenium antioxidant behavior.
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Satish Rao B, Sreedevi M, Nageshwar Rao B. Cytoprotective and antigenotoxic potential of Mangiferin, a glucosylxanthone against cadmium chloride induced toxicity in HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:592-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 11/29/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Li L, Yang H, Chen D, Cui C, Dou QP. Disulfiram promotes the conversion of carcinogenic cadmium to a proteasome inhibitor with pro-apoptotic activity in human cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2008; 229:206-14. [PMID: 18304598 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Revised: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system is involved in various cellular processes, including transcription, apoptosis, and cell cycle. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies suggest the potential use of proteasome inhibitors as anticancer drugs. Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental pollutant that has been classified as a human carcinogen. Recent study in our laboratory suggested that the clinically used anti-alcoholism drug disulfiram (DSF) could form a complex with tumor cellular copper, resulting in inhibition of the proteasomal chymotrypsin-like activity and induction of cancer cell apoptosis. In the current study, we report, for the first time, that DSF is able to convert the carcinogen Cd to a proteasome-inhibitor and cancer cell apoptosis inducer. Although the DSF-Cd complex inhibited the chymotrypsin-like activity of a purified 20S proteasome with an IC(50) value of 32 micromol/L, this complex was much more potent in inhibiting the chymotrypsin-like activity of prostate cancer cellular 26S proteasome. Inhibition of cellular proteasome activity by the DSF-Cd complex resulted in the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and the natural proteasome substrate p27, which was followed by activation of calpain and induction of apoptosis. Importantly, human breast cancer MCF10DCIS cells were much more sensitive to the DSF-Cd treatment than immortalized but non-tumorigenic human breast MCF-10A cells, demonstrating that the DSF-Cd complex could selectively induce proteasome inhibition and apoptosis in human tumor cells. Our work suggests the potential use of DSF for treatment of cells with accumulated levels of carcinogen Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Li
- The Prevention Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
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Nemmiche S, Chabane-Sari D, Guiraud P. Role of α-tocopherol in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rat's blood, liver and brain. Chem Biol Interact 2007; 170:221-30. [PMID: 17897638 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2007.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Revised: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 08/07/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) a highly toxic metal is considered to be a multitarget toxicant, and it accumulates principally in the liver and kidney after absorption. In vivo studies of mouse and rat liver have shown that apoptosis plays a primary role in Cd-induced hepatotoxicity. However, the detailed mechanisms by which toxic metals such as Cd produce their effects are still largely unknown. The present study aimed at investigating the consequences of exposure to Cd, alpha-tocopherol and their combination on stress biochemical parameters (lipoperoxidation and protein carbonyls levels). Male albino Wistar rats (1 month old) were treated intravenously with cadmium (2 mg CdCl(2)/kg body weight/day), and alpha-tocopherol (100 mg/kg body weight/day), or with alpha-tocopherol+Cd (100 mg Vit E/kg body weight, 2 mg CdCl(2)/kg). The lipoperoxidation was measured by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) method and oxidatively generated damage to proteins by determining carbonyl (DNPH) levels. Among the hematological parameters measured the haematocrit value and haemoglobin concentration were significantly decreased in the blood of Cd-treated rats. A significant increase was observed in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyls in the cadmium exposed group compared to control group (p<0.001), and these values were decreased after administration of alpha-tocopherol (group 4). The activity of lactate dehydrogenase in rat liver and brain showed a significant increase as compared to that found in the control group and significant decrease of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. In the liver of the Cd-treated group the contents of reduced glutathione were decreased. Our results suggest that cadmium induces an oxidation of cellular lipids and proteins and that administration of alpha-tocopherol can reduce Cd-induced oxidative stress and improve the glutathione level together with other biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saïd Nemmiche
- Laboratoire de Physio Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Tlemcen, BP 119, Tlemcen Cedex 13000, Algeria.
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