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Ye Y, Sun X, Huang C, Ji J, Sun J, Zhang Y, Wang JS, Zhao H, Sun X. Metabolic transformation of cyclopiazonic acid in liver microsomes from different species based on UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134902. [PMID: 38909467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the metabolic transformation of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) in the liver of different species and to supplement accurate risk assessment information, the metabolism of CPA in liver microsomes from four animals and humans was studied using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight method. The results showed that a total of four metabolites were obtained, and dehydrogenation, hydroxylation, methylation, and glucuronidation were identified as the main metabolic pathways of CPA. Rat liver microsomes exhibited the highest metabolic capacity for CPA, with dehydrogenated (C20H18N2O3) and glucuronic acid-conjugated (C26H28N2O10) metabolites identified in all liver microsomes except chicken, indicating significant species metabolic differences. Moreover, C20H18N2O3 was only detected in the incubation system with cytochromes P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). The hydroxylated (C20H20N2O4) and methylated (C21H22N2O3) metabolites were detected in all incubation systems except for the CYP2C9, with CYP3A4 demonstrating the strongest metabolic capacity. The "cocktail" probe drug method showed that CPA exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect on the CYP3A4 (IC50 value = 8.658 μM), indicating that the substrate had a negative effect on enzyme activity. Our results provide new insights to understand the biotransformation profile of CPA in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Ye
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Caihong Huang
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jian Ji
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Yinzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jia-Sheng Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hongjing Zhao
- Center for Food Evaluation, State Administration for Market Regulation, Beijing 100070, PR China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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Katati B, Kovács S, Njapau H, Kachapulula PW, Zwaan BJ, van Diepeningen AD, Schoustra SE. Maize Aspergillus section Flavi isolate diversity may be distinct from that of soil and subsequently the source of aflatoxin contamination. Mycotoxin Res 2024; 40:351-367. [PMID: 38647834 PMCID: PMC11258066 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-024-00532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus section Flavi (Flavi) is a diverse group of fungal species whose common members include A. flavus and A. parasiticus. These are well-known for the production of aflatoxin (AF) B and G and other toxic metabolites, like cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). They are saprophytic soil dwellers and also become crop opportunistic epiphytes. The consequence is contamination of the crop with mycotoxins, such as carcinogenic AF. We investigated the Flavi community structure of maize and that of their surrounding soil, including their mycotoxigenicity. Furthermore, we investigated the link of the maize Flavi diversity with preharvest maize AF levels. The study was carried out in four selected districts of Zambia, in a low rainfall zone. The Flavi characterisation was triphasic, involving morphological (colony colour and sclerotia formation), metabolic (AF and CPA production) and genetic (calmodulin gene polymorphism) analyses. Flavi abundance was determined by dilution plate technique on modified rose Bengal agar. Results showed that Flavi communities on maize and in soil differed. Maize had a higher Flavi species diversity than soil. A. parasiticus dominated the soil community by frequency of field appearance (85%), while maize was dominated by A. minisclerotigenes (45%). CPA-producers with or without AF production dominated the maize (65%) while producers of only AF (B/G) dominated the soil (88%). The ratio between maize A. parasiticus and A. minisclerotigenes abundance seemed to have had a bearing on the levels of AF in maize, with a ratio close to 1:1 having higher levels than a pure community of either A. parasiticus or A. minisclerotigenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bwalya Katati
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Mycotoxicology Laboratory, National Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Lusaka, Zambia.
| | - Stan Kovács
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henry Njapau
- Mycotoxicology Laboratory, National Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Bas J Zwaan
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne D van Diepeningen
- Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sijmen E Schoustra
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
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Pradanas-González F, Peltomaa R, Lahtinen S, Luque-Uría Á, Más V, Barderas R, Maragos CM, Canales Á, Soukka T, Benito-Peña E, Moreno-Bondi MC. Homogeneous immunoassay for cyclopiazonic acid based upon mimotopes and upconversion-resonance energy transfer. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 233:115339. [PMID: 37126866 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Strains of Penicillium spp. are used for fungi-ripened cheeses and Aspergillus spp. routinely contaminate maize and other crops. Some of these strains can produce toxic secondary metabolites (mycotoxins), including the neurotoxin α-cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). In this work, we developed a homogeneous upconversion-resonance energy transfer (UC-RET) immunoassay for the detection of CPA using a novel epitope mimicking peptide, or mimotope, selected by phage display. CPA-specific antibody was used to isolate mimotopes from a cyclic 7-mer peptide library in consecutive selection rounds. Enrichment of antibody binding phages was achieved, and the analysis of individual phage clones revealed four different mimotope peptide sequences. The mimotope sequence, ACNWWDLTLC, performed best in phage-based immunoassays, surface plasmon resonance binding analyses, and UC-RET-based immunoassays. To develop a homogeneous assay, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP, type NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+) were used as energy donors and coated with streptavidin to anchor the synthetic biotinylated mimotope. Alexa Fluor 555, used as an energy acceptor, was conjugated to the anti-CPA antibody fragment. The homogeneous single-step immunoassay could detect CPA in just 5 min and enabled a limit of detection (LOD) of 30 pg mL-1 (1.5 μg kg-1) and an IC50 value of 0.36 ng mL-1. No significant cross-reactivity was observed with other co-produced mycotoxins. Finally, we applied the novel method for the detection of CPA in spiked maize samples using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) as a reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pradanas-González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Riikka Peltomaa
- Department of Life Technologies/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Satu Lahtinen
- Department of Life Technologies/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Álvaro Luque-Uría
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Más
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chris M Maragos
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1815 N University, Peoria, IL, 61604, USA
| | - Ángeles Canales
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tero Soukka
- Department of Life Technologies/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Elena Benito-Peña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María C Moreno-Bondi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Shaaban M, Nasr H, Mohamed TK, Mahmoud SF, El-Metwally MM, Abdelwahab AB. Bioactive secondary metabolites from Trichoderma viride MM21: structure elucidation, molecular docking and biological activity. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:149-156. [PMID: 35304839 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Four bioactive metabolites; ergosterol (1), peroxy ergosterol (2), α-cyclopiazonic acid (3) and kojic acid (4), were isolated from the fungal sp. Trichoderma viride MM21. Their structures were assigned by cumulative analysis of NMR and mass spectra, and comparison with literature. The antimicrobial activity of the fungus supernatant, mycelial cake, cumulative crude extract and compounds 1-4 was broadly studied against 11 diverse pathogens, revealing auspicious activity results. Based on the molecular docking, ergosterol (1) and peroxy ergosterol (2) were picked up to be computationally tested against topoisomerase IV of Staphylococcus aureus. The nominated enzyme is a possible target for the antibacterial activity of triterpenoidal/steroidal compounds. Compounds 1, 2 showed a deep inserting inside the enzyme groove recording a good binding affinity of -8.1 and -8.4 kcal/mol, respectively. Noteworthy that the antibacterial activity of ergosterol was higher (14-17 mm) than peroxy ergosterol (11-14 mm), although ergosterol formed only one hydrogen bond with the target, while peroxy ergosterol formed three hydrogen bonds. Such higher antibacterial activity of ergosterol may be attributed to its interference with other proteins included in this inhibition. The cytotoxic activity was tested against brine shrimp, revealing 100% mortality for the supernatant, crude extract and whole isolated compounds. Such strong cytotoxicity is attributed most likely to the abundant productivity/concentration of α-cyclopiazonic acid and kojic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Shaaban
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Behoos St. 33, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.,Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hamdi Nasr
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tahia K Mohamed
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Behoos St. 33, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Samy F Mahmoud
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M El-Metwally
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B Abdelwahab
- Plant Advanced Technologies (PAT), 19 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Ma X, Ye Y, Sun J, Ji J, Wang JS, Sun X. Coexposure of Cyclopiazonic Acid with Aflatoxin B1 Involved in Disrupting Amino Acid Metabolism and Redox Homeostasis Causing Synergistic Toxic Effects in Hepatocyte Spheroids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5166-5176. [PMID: 35427130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), an emerging toxin, has been found in various foods such as corn, peanuts, and figs. Aspergillus flavus can produce CPA, leading to coexposure with highly toxic aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), but the mechanism of their combined action is not clear. In this study, cocultured hepatocyte spheroids were used as the evaluation model, and two concentration settings of isotoxicity and different toxicity ratios were used to investigate the combined toxic effects. Metabolomics was subsequently used to analyze the potential mechanisms underlying the effects of their exposure. AFB1 and CPA might exhibit stronger cytotoxicity, with significant combined effects on mitochondrial morphology, activity, and reactive oxygen levels. The gene expression analysis revealed that the overexpression of AKT genes could mitigate the combined effects of AFB1 and CPA to some extent. Metabolomics analysis indicated that AFB1 and CPA significantly downregulated the metabolism of l-aspartate and antioxidant substances (e.g., penicillamine, myricetin, and ethanolamine). The pathway enrichment analysis also revealed a large impact on amino acid metabolism, likely affecting intracellular redox homeostasis. In addition, the presence of CPA affects intracellular glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism pathways. This study suggested a direction for future research on relevant toxic pathways and provided possible ideas for inhibiting or mitigating toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
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Hymery N, Dauvergne X, Boussaden H, Cérantola S, Faugère D, Magné C. Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Cytoprotective Activities of Halophyte Extracts against Mycotoxin Intoxication. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13050312. [PMID: 33925367 PMCID: PMC8145414 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13050312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Twelve halophyte species belonging to different families, widely represented along French Atlantic shoreline and commonly used in traditional medicine, were screened for protective activities against mycotoxins, in order to set out new promising sources of natural ingredients for feed applications. Selected halophytic species from diverse natural habitats were examined for their in vitro anti-mycotoxin activities, through viability evaluation of Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) and intestinal porcine enterocyte (IPEC-J2) cell lines. Besides, the in vitro antioxidant activities of plant extracts were assessed (total antioxidant and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging bioassays). Of the 12 species, Galium arenarium, Convolvulus soldanella and Eryngium campestre exhibited the most protective action on MDBK and IPEC-J2 cells against zearalenone (ZEN) or T2 toxin contamination (restoring about 75% of cell viability at 10 μg·mL−1) without inflammation response. They also had strong antioxidant capacities (Inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) < 100 μg·mL−1 for DPPH radical and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of 100 to 200 mg Ascorbic Acid Equivalent (AAE)·g−1 Dry Weight), suggesting that cell protection against intoxication involves antioxidant action. A bio-guided study showed that fractions of G. arenarium extract protect MDBK cells against T2 or ZEN toxicity and several major compounds like chlorogenic acid and asperuloside could be involved in this protective effect. Overall, our results show that the halophytes G. arenarium, C. soldanella and E. campestre should be considered further as new sources of ingredients for livestock feed with protective action against mycotoxin intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn Hymery
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, Université de Brest, EA 3882, F-29280 Plouzané, France;
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +33-(0)290915101
| | - Xavier Dauvergne
- Géoarchitecture Territoires, Urbanisation, Biodiversité, Environnement, Université de Brest, EA 7462, CS 93837, CEDEX 3, F-29238 Brest, France; (X.D.); (H.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Halima Boussaden
- Géoarchitecture Territoires, Urbanisation, Biodiversité, Environnement, Université de Brest, EA 7462, CS 93837, CEDEX 3, F-29238 Brest, France; (X.D.); (H.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Stéphane Cérantola
- Service Général des Plate-Formes Technologiques, Plateforme RMN-RPE, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CS 93837, CEDEX 3, F-29238 Brest, France;
| | - Dorothée Faugère
- Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, Université de Brest, EA 3882, F-29280 Plouzané, France;
| | - Christian Magné
- Géoarchitecture Territoires, Urbanisation, Biodiversité, Environnement, Université de Brest, EA 7462, CS 93837, CEDEX 3, F-29238 Brest, France; (X.D.); (H.B.); (C.M.)
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Boguś MI, Wrońska AK, Kaczmarek A, Boguś-Sobocińska M. In vitro screening of 65 mycotoxins for insecticidal potential. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248772. [PMID: 33735295 PMCID: PMC7971479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The economic losses and threats to human and animal health caused by insects and the pathogens transmitted by them require effective and environmentally-friendly methods of controlling them. One such group of natural biocontrol agents which may be used as biopesticides is that of the entomopathogenic fungi and their toxic secondary metabolites (mycotoxins). The present in vitro work examined the insecticidal potential of 65 commercially-available mycotoxins against the insect Sf-9 cell line. Mammalian Caco-2 and THP-1 cell lines served as reference controls to select insecticidal mycotoxins harmless to mammalian cells. All tested mycotoxins significantly reduced the in vitro proliferation of the Sf-9 cells and evoked morphological changes. Ten of the mycotoxins found to strongly inhibit Sf-9 proliferation also had moderate or no effect on Caco-2 cells. The THP-1 cells were highly resistant to the tested mycotoxins: doses 103 times higher were needed to affect viability and morphology (1 μg/ml for THP-1 versus 1 ng/ml for Sf-9 and Caco-2). Nine mycotoxins significantly decreased Sf-9 cell proliferation with minor effects on mammalian cells: cyclosporins B and D, cytochalasin E, gliotoxin, HC toxin, paxilline, penitrem A, stachybotrylactam and verruculogen. These may be good candidates for future biopesticide formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieczysława Irena Boguś
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
- Biomibo ul, Warszawa, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Katarzyna Wrońska
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Agata Kaczmarek
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
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Pagliaro L, Marchesini M, Roti G. Targeting oncogenic Notch signaling with SERCA inhibitors. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:8. [PMID: 33407740 PMCID: PMC7789735 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-01015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
P-type ATPase inhibitors are among the most successful and widely prescribed therapeutics in modern pharmacology. Clinical transition has been safely achieved for H+/K+ ATPase inhibitors such as omeprazole and Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitors like digoxin. However, this is more challenging for Ca2+-ATPase modulators due to the physiological role of Ca2+ in cardiac dynamics. Over the past two decades, sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) modulators have been studied as potential chemotherapy agents because of their Ca2+-mediated pan-cancer lethal effects. Instead, recent evidence suggests that SERCA inhibition suppresses oncogenic Notch1 signaling emerging as an alternative to γ-secretase modulators that showed limited clinical activity due to severe side effects. In this review, we focus on how SERCA inhibitors alter Notch1 signaling and show that Notch on-target-mediated antileukemia properties of these molecules can be achieved without causing overt Ca2+ cellular overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pagliaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Marchesini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Roti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy.
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Braiki M, Benzinou A, Nasreddine K, Hymery N. Automatic Human Dendritic Cells Segmentation Using K-Means Clustering and Chan-Vese Active Contour Model. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 195:105520. [PMID: 32497772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Nowadays, the number of pathologies related to food are multiplied. Mycotoxins are one of the most severe food contaminants that cause serious effects on the human health. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an assessment tool for evaluating their impact on the immune response. Recently, a new investigational method using human dendritic cells was endorsed by biologists. Nevertheless, analysis of the morphological features and the behavior of these cells remains merely visual. In addition, this manual analysis is difficult and time-consuming. Here, we focus mainly on automating the evaluation process by using advanced image processing technology. METHODS An automatic segmentation approach of microscopic dendritic cell images is developed to provide a fast and objective evaluation. First, a combination of K-means clustering and mathematical morphology is used to detect dendritic cells. Second, a region-based Chan-Vese active contour model is used to segment the detected cells more precisely. Finally, dendritic cells are extracted by a filtering based on eccentricity measure. RESULTS The proposed scheme is tested on an actual dataset containing 421 microscopic dendritic cell images. The experimental results show high conformity between the results of the proposed scheme and ground-truth elaborated by biological expert. Moreover, a comparative study with other state-of-art segmentation schemes demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed method. It gives the highest average accuracy rate (99.42 %) compared to recent studied approaches. CONCLUSIONS The proposed image segmentation method for morphological analysis of dendrite inhibition can consistently be used as an assessment tool for biologists to facilitate the evaluation of serious health impacts of mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Braiki
- ENIB, UMR CNRS 6285 LabSTICC, 29238, Brest, France; UTM, ISTMT, LR13ES07 (LRBTM), 1006, Tunis, Tunisie
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Domestication of the Emblematic White Cheese-Making Fungus Penicillium camemberti and Its Diversification into Two Varieties. Curr Biol 2020; 30:4441-4453.e4. [PMID: 32976806 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Domestication involves recent adaptation under strong human selection and rapid diversification and therefore constitutes a good model for studies of these processes. We studied the domestication of the emblematic white mold Penicillium camemberti, used for the maturation of soft cheeses, such as Camembert and Brie, about which surprisingly little was known, despite its economic and cultural importance. Whole-genome-based analyses of genetic relationships and diversity revealed that an ancient domestication event led to the emergence of the gray-green P. biforme mold used in cheese making, by divergence from the blue-green wild P. fuscoglaucum fungus. Another much more recent domestication event led to the generation of the P. camemberti clonal lineage as a sister group to P. biforme. Penicillium biforme displayed signs of phenotypic adaptation to cheese making relative to P. fuscoglaucum, in terms of whiter color, faster growth on cheese medium under cave conditions, lower amounts of toxin production, and greater ability to prevent the growth of other fungi. The P. camemberti lineage displayed even stronger signs of domestication for all these phenotypic features. We also identified two differentiated P. camemberti varieties, apparently associated with different kinds of cheeses and with contrasted phenotypic features in terms of color, growth, toxin production, and competitive ability. We have thus identified footprints of domestication in these fungi, with genetic differentiation between cheese and wild populations, bottlenecks, and specific phenotypic traits beneficial for cheese making. This study has not only fundamental implications for our understanding of domestication but can also have important effects on cheese making.
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Otero C, Arredondo C, Echeverría-Vega A, Gordillo-Fuenzalida F. Penicillium spp. mycotoxins found in food and feed and their health effects. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2020. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2019.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi. These compounds have different structures and target different organs, acting at different steps of biological processes inside the cell. Around 32 mycotoxins have been identified in fungal Penicillium spp. isolated from food and feed. Some of these species are important pathogens which contaminate food, such as maize, cereals, soybeans, sorghum, peanuts, among others. These microorganisms can be present in different steps of the food production process, such as plant growth, harvest, drying, elaboration, transport, and packaging. Although some Penicillium spp. are pathogens, some of them are used in elaboration of processed foods, such as cheese and sausages. This review summarises the Penicillium spp. mycotoxin toxicity, focusing mainly on the subgenus Penicillium, frequently found in food and feed. Toxicity is reviewed both in animal models and cultured cells. Finally, some aspects of their regulations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Otero
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 252, Santiago, Chile
| | - C. Arredondo
- Laboratorio de Neuroepigenética, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICB), Facultad de Medicina y Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 330, Santiago, Chile
| | - A. Echeverría-Vega
- Centro de Investigación en Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - F. Gordillo-Fuenzalida
- Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (CENBIO), Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avda. San Miguel 3605, Talca, Chile
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12
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Chen WH, Li KL, Lin XP, Liao SR, Yang B, Zhou XF, Wang JJ, Liu YH, Wang JF. Antioxidant CPA-type indole alkaloids produced from the deep-sea derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41024. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5266-5270. [PMID: 32264697 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1749614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Twelve indole alkaloids, including α-cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) (1), nine 2-oxo indole CPA derivatives (2-10), and two open-ring indole CPA derivatives (11 and 12), were isolated from the fermentation broth of a deep-sea derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41024. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated mainly by using extensive NMR spectroscopic, mass spectrometric and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. To the best of our knowledge, the crystallographic data of 3 and 7 were firstly reported, and the absolute configuration of 3 was confirmed for the first time by the single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Most isolated compounds were tested for their antimicrobial, antitumor and radical scavenging activities. In addition, compounds 1, 2 and 11 showed moderate antioxidative activity against DPPH with IC50 values of 190.1, 31.9, 228.4 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kun-Long Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Ping Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Rong Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Feng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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13
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The Biological and Chemical Diversity of Tetramic Acid Compounds from Marine-Derived Microorganisms. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18020114. [PMID: 32075282 PMCID: PMC7074263 DOI: 10.3390/md18020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetramic acid (pyrrolidine-2,4-dione) compounds, isolated from a variety of marine and terrestrial organisms, have attracted considerable attention for their diverse, challenging structural complexity and promising bioactivities. In the past decade, marine-derived microorganisms have become great repositories of novel tetramic acids. Here, we discuss the biological activities of 277 tetramic acids of eight classifications (simple 3-acyl tetramic acids, 3-oligoenoyltetramic acids, 3-decalinoyltetramic acid, 3-spirotetramic acids, macrocyclic tetramic acids, N-acylated tetramic acids, α-cyclopiazonic acid-type tetramic acids, and other tetramic acids) from marine-derived microbes, including fungi, actinobacteria, bacteria, and cyanobacteria, as reported in 195 research studies up to 2019.
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14
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Li Y, Liu L, Kuang H, Xu C. Visible and eco-friendly immunoassays for the detection of cyclopiazonic acid in maize and rice. J Food Sci 2019; 85:105-113. [PMID: 31880328 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) is an indole-tetramine mycotoxin commonly produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus and is widely found in agricultural products, fermented food, and feed. Food contaminated with CPA poses a substantial health risk to consumers. Therefore, eco-friendly immunoassays, including an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) and a lateral flow immunochromatographic strip (LFICS), were developed to monitor CPA in maize and rice samples. For this purpose, a monoclonal antibody (3H12) posed highly resistant to pH (5.6 to 9.6) and ethanol (≤50%) was generated by mouse immunization. Negative maize and rice samples or samples spiked with CPA were extracted with ethanol/0.01 M sodium borate buffer (4/1, v/v, pH 8.4). For ic-ELISA analysis, the limits of detection (LODs) were 0.48 and 0.28 ng/g for maize and rice samples, respectively. The recovery for spiked maize was 76.9% to 83.5% with the highest variable coefficient (CVmax ) being 9.32%. For spiked rice, the recovery was 85.3% to 105.1% with a CVmax of 8.56%. For LFICS analysis, the visible LODs were 2.5 and 1 ng/g and cutoff values were 5 and 2.5 ng/g for maize and rice samples, respectively. The LFICS method gave results within 5 to 10 min, providing an auxiliary analytical tool for the rapid, sensitive, and portable screening of the massive samples onsite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Int. Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Int. Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Int. Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Int. Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan Univ., Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
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15
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Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis CtpF as a target for designing new antituberculous compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 28:115256. [PMID: 31879181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of tuberculosis (TB) produced by multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensively-drug resistance (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), encourages the development of new antituberculous compounds, as well as the identification of novel drug targets. In this regard, plasma membrane P-type ATPases are interesting targets because they play a crucial role in ion homeostasis and mycobacterial survival. We focused on Mtb CtpF, a calcium P-type ATPase that responds to a broad number of intraphagosomal conditions, as a novel target. In this study, we evaluated the capacity of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), a well-known inhibitor of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), to inhibit the ATPase activity of CtpF and the Mtb growth demonstrating that CtpF is a druggable target. A homology modeling of CtpF was generated for molecular docking studies of CtpF with CPA and key pharmacophoric features were identified, which were used to perform a pharmacophore-based virtual screening of the ZINC database, and to identify CtpF inhibitor candidates. Molecular docking-based virtual screening and MM-BGSA calculations of candidates allowed identifying six compounds with the best binding energies. The compounds displayed in vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 50 to 100 μg/mL, growth inhibitions from 29.5 to 64.0% on Mtb, and inhibitions of Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity in Mtb membrane vesicles (IC50) ranging from 4.1 to 35.8 μM. The compound ZINC63908257 was the best candidate by displaying a MIC of 50 μg/mL and a Ca2+ P-type ATPase inhibition of 45% with IC50 = 4.4 μM. Overall, the results indicate that CtpF is a druggable target for designing new antituberculous compounds.
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16
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Rasheed U, Wu H, Wei J, Ou X, Qin P, Yao X, Chen H, Chen AJ, Liu B. A polyphasic study of Aspergillus section Flavi isolated from corn in Guangxi, China- a hot spot of aflatoxin contamination. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 310:108307. [PMID: 31476582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus section Flavi is widely known as a potential threat to contaminate agricultural products and food commodities. In this study, a polyphasic approach consisting of micro- and macro-morphological, chemical and molecular features, was applied to survey the Aspergillus section Flavi population in corn collected from Guangxi, China. Based on multigene phylogenies as well as morphological observations, Aspergillus flavus (192/195), A. arachidicola (1/195), A. pseudonomius (1/195) and A. novoparasiticus (1/195) were found to be the predominant section Flavi population. Among them, 31 representative isolates were selected for mycotoxin determination. The results showed that Aspergillus flavus chemotype I was most common, chemotype IV was also detected with low incidence and low CPA amounts, while chemotypes II and III were absent. Other tested species including A. arachidicola, A. pseudonomius, and A. novoparasiticus produced all types of aflatoxins, but none of them produced CPA. The polyphasic approach applied in this study permitted reliable understanding of the prevailing Aspergillus section Flavi population and their mycotoxin profiles. Knowledge of the prevailing section Flavi population will aid in developing a sustainable strategy to mitigate the effects of aflatoxin contamination. This study suggests that CPA contamination of food should be considered while conducting mycotoxigenic surveys of food commodities, and the same should be considered while planning a bio-control strategy to control aflatoxin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Rasheed
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Jinfan Wei
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ou
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Peisheng Qin
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Xiaohua Yao
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Han Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Amanda Juan Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
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17
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Makhlouf J, Carvajal-Campos A, Querin A, Tadrist S, Puel O, Lorber S, Oswald IP, Hamze M, Bailly JD, Bailly S. Morphologic, molecular and metabolic characterization of Aspergillus section Flavi in spices marketed in Lebanon. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5263. [PMID: 30918318 PMCID: PMC6437153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41704-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spices are used extensively in Lebanon not only to flavour foods but also for their medicinal properties. To date, no data are available regarding the nature of the toxigenic fungal species that may contaminate these products at the marketing stage in this country. Eighty samples corresponding to 14 different types of spices were collected throughout Lebanon to characterize the Aspergillus section Flavi contaminating spices marketed in Lebanon and the toxigenic potential of these fungal species. Most fungal genera and species were identified as belonging to Aspergillus section Flavi. Aspergillus flavus was the most frequent species, representing almost 80% of the isolates. Although identified as A. flavus by molecular analysis, some strains displayed atypical morphological features. Seven strains of A. tamarii and one A. minisclerotigenes were also isolated. Analyses of toxigenic potential demonstrated that almost 80% of strains were able to produce mycotoxins, 47% produced aflatoxins, and 72% produced cyclopiazonic acid, alone or in combination with aflatoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joya Makhlouf
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027, Toulouse, France.,Health and Environment Microbiology Laboratory, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amaranta Carvajal-Campos
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Arlette Querin
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Soraya Tadrist
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Puel
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Lorber
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle P Oswald
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Health and Environment Microbiology Laboratory, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Denis Bailly
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027, Toulouse, France.
| | - Sylviane Bailly
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, F-31027, Toulouse, France
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18
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Bonyadi F, Hasanzadeh S, Malekinejad H, Najafi G. Cyclopiazonic acid decreases sperm quality and in vitro fertilisation rate in mice. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2018. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2018.2337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The presence of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) as a mycotoxin has been reported in feed and foodstuffs. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of CPA on reproductive functions of male mice. In this experiment, 40 mature male mice were randomly assigned into five groups (n=8): control, control-sham, CPA (0.03 mg/kg, body weight (BW)), CPA (0.06 mg/kg, BW) and CPA (0.12 mg/kg, BW). Following 28 days exposure to CPA, sperm quality parameters, in vitro fertilisation (IVF) capacity of sperms, serum testosterone level, Leydig cells number and serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were analysed. The results revealed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in sperm count, sperm viability, sperm motility, chromatin quality of sperm, sperms with intact DNA, IVF rate, testosterone level, Leydig cell distribution and TAC in comparison to the control group. The most prominent detrimental effects of CPA were found at the highest given dose level. Our results suggest that CPA at higher dose levels exerts detrimental effects on the male reproductive system. Moreover, these descriptive warrant further investigations into the specific mechanisms of action and the effects of CPA on spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Bonyadi
- Department of Basic Science, Histology section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - S. Hasanzadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Histology section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - H. Malekinejad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - G. Najafi
- Department of Basic Science, Anatomy and Embryology section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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19
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Caceres I, Snini SP, Puel O, Mathieu F. Streptomyces roseolus, A Promising Biocontrol Agent Against Aspergillus flavus, the Main Aflatoxin B₁ Producer. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10110442. [PMID: 30380704 PMCID: PMC6267218 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10110442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Crop contamination by aflatoxin B1 is a current problem in tropical and subtropical regions. In the future, this contamination risk may be expanded to European countries due to climate change. The development of alternative strategies to prevent mycotoxin contamination that further contribute to the substitution of phytopharmaceutical products are thus needed. For this, a promising method resides in the use of biocontrol agents. Several actinobacteria strains have demonstrated to effectively reduce the aflatoxin B1 concentration. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of action by which these biological agents reduce the mycotoxin concentration has not been determined. The aim of the present study was to test the potential use of Streptomyces roseolus as a biocontrol agent against aflatoxin B1 contamination. Co-cultures with Aspergillus flavus were conducted, and the molecular fungal response was investigated through analyzing the q-PCR expression of 65 genes encoding relevant fungal functions. Moreover, kojic and cyclopiazonic acid concentrations, as well as morphological fungal changes were also analyzed. The results demonstrated that reduced concentrations of aflatoxin B1 and kojic acid were respectively correlated with the down-regulation of the aflatoxin B1 gene cluster and kojR gene expression. Moreover, a fungal hypersporulated phenotype and a general over-expression of genes involved in fungal development were observed in the co-culture condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaura Caceres
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France.
| | - Selma P Snini
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France.
| | - Olivier Puel
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, 31300 Toulouse, France.
| | - Florence Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31326 Toulouse, France.
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20
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Peromingo B, Rodríguez M, Núñez F, Silva A, Rodríguez A. Sensitive determination of cyclopiazonic acid in dry-cured ham using a QuEChERS method and UHPLC–MS/MS. Food Chem 2018; 263:275-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.04.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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21
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Misihairabgwi J, Ishola A, Quaye I, Sulyok M, Krska R. Diversity and fate of fungal metabolites during the preparation of oshikundu, a Namibian traditional fermented beverage. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2018. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2018.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sorghum and pearl millet, ingredients for the popular Namibian traditional fermented beverage oshikundu, are prone to fungal infection, raising concerns for consumer health from mycotoxin exposure. This study aimed at determining the diversity of fungal metabolites in street-vended ingredients and their transfer rates into oshikundu. A total of 105 samples (40 sorghum malt, 40 pearl millet, 25 oshikundu) were analysed for 700 fungal, bacterial and plant metabolites, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Of 98 quantified metabolites, 84 were fungal, some being mycotoxins. Aspergillus metabolites were most prevalent (50%, n=42), including aflatoxins, aflatoxin precursors, cyclopiazonic acid and 3-nitropropionic acid from Aspergillus flavus; helvolic acid, gliotoxin and fumiquinazolines from Aspergillus fumigatus and cytochalasin E, patulin and tryptoquivalines from Aspergillus clavatus. High levels of up to 2,280 μg/kg for cyclopiazonic acid and 11,900 μg/kg for 3-nitropropionic acid were quantified in sorghum malts. Other metabolites included fumonisins, curvularin, alternariol and dihydroergosine produced by Fusarium, Penicillium, Alternaria and Claviceps genera, respectively. European Union legislated mycotoxins occurred in cereals at a prevalence range of 3-75%, while none were quantifiable in oshikundu. Aflatoxin B1 was quantified in pearl millet meals (13%) and sorghum malts (50%), with 15% sorghum malts having levels above the European Union regulatory limit of 5 μg/kg. Fumonisin B1 was quantified in pearl millet meals (50%) and sorghum malts (75%) at maximum levels of 3,060 μg/kg and 123 μg/kg respectively, and levels in 5% pearl millet meals were above the European Union regulatory limit of 2,000 μg/kg. Zearalenone and ochratoxin A were quantified in the cereals at levels below European Union regulatory limits. For most metabolites quantifiable in oshikundu, transfer rates from cereals to oshikundu were above 50%, necessitating the use of good quality ingredients for preparing oshikundu and assessment of consumer exposure to mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.M. Misihairabgwi
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - A. Ishola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - I. Quaye
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - M. Sulyok
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - R. Krska
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen´s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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22
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Dubey MK, Aamir M, Kaushik MS, Khare S, Meena M, Singh S, Upadhyay RS. PR Toxin - Biosynthesis, Genetic Regulation, Toxicological Potential, Prevention and Control Measures: Overview and Challenges. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:288. [PMID: 29651243 PMCID: PMC5885497 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Out of the various mycotoxigenic food and feed contaminant, the fungal species belonging to Penicillium genera, particularly Penicillium roqueforti is of great economic importance, and well known for its crucial role in the manufacturing of Roquefort and Gorgonzola cheese. The mycotoxicosis effect of this mold is due to secretion of several metabolites, of which PR toxin is of considerable importance, with regard to food quality and safety challenges issues. The food products and silages enriched with PR toxin could lead into damage to vital internal organs, gastrointestinal perturbations, carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, necrosis, and enzyme inhibition. Moreover, it also has the significant mutagenic potential to disrupt/alter the crucial processes like DNA replication, transcription, and translation at the molecular level. The high genetic diversities in between the various strains of P. roqueforti persuaded their nominations with Protected Geographical Indication (PGI), accordingly to the cheese type, they have been employed. Recently, the biosynthetic mechanism and toxicogenetic studies unraveled the role of ari1 and prx gene clusters that cross-talk with the synthesis of other metabolites or involve other cross-regulatory pathways to negatively regulate/inhibit the other biosynthetic route targeted for production of a strain-specific metabolites. Interestingly, the chemical conversion that imparts toxic properties to PR toxin is the substitution/oxidation of functional hydroxyl group (-OH) to aldehyde group (-CHO). The rapid conversion of PR toxin to the other derivatives such as PR imine, PR amide, and PR acid, based on conditions available reflects their unstability and degradative aspects. Since the PR toxin-induced toxicity could not be eliminated safely, the assessment of dose-response and other pharmacological aspects for its safe consumption is indispensable. The present review describes the natural occurrences, diversity, biosynthesis, genetics, toxicological aspects, control and prevention strategies, and other management aspects of PR toxin with paying special attention on economic impacts with intended legislations for avoiding PR toxin contamination with respect to food security and other biosafety purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish K. Dubey
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mohd Aamir
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Manish S. Kaushik
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Saumya Khare
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Centre for Transgenic Plant Development, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Surendra Singh
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ram S. Upadhyay
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Ostry V, Toman J, Grosse Y, Malir F. Cyclopiazonic acid: 50th anniversary of its discovery. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2018. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2017.2243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In 1968, the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) was first discovered and characterised as a chemical substance. Within the following five decades, much has been learned from the results of CPA research. CPA is produced by several Penicillium species (P. griseofulvum, P. camemberti, P. commune, P. dipodomyicola) and Aspergillus species (A. flavus, A. oryzae and A. tamarii). It is widespread on naturally contaminated agricultural raw materials. CPA has been reported to occur in food commodities (e.g. oilseeds, nuts, cereals, dried figs, milk, cheese and meat products) and to possess toxicological significance. CPA is also frequently detected in peanuts and maize; the presence of CPA and aflatoxins in maize and peanuts contaminated with A. flavus suggests that synergism may occur. CPA is toxic to several animal species, such as rats, pigs, guinea pigs, poultry and dogs. After ingesting CPA-contaminated feeds, test animals display severe gastrointestinal upsets and neurological disorders. Organs affected include the liver, kidney, heart, and digestive tract, which show degenerative changes and necrosis. Biologically, CPA is a specific inhibitor of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase. Data from toxicological evaluation of aflatoxins and CPA in broiler chickens demonstrate that both aflatoxins and CPA alone and the aflatoxin-CPA combination can adversely affect broiler health. The effects of aflatoxins and CPA combination were additive in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Ostry
- National Institute of Public Health, Centre for Health, Nutrition and Food, National Reference Centre for Microfungi and Mycotoxins in Food Chains, Palackeho 3a, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J. Toman
- University of Hradec Kralove, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Y. Grosse
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - F. Malir
- University of Hradec Kralove, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Zhurakovskyi O, Türkmen YE, Löffler LE, Moorthie VA, Chen CC, Shaw MA, Crimmin MR, Ferrara M, Ahmad M, Ostovar M, Matlock JV, Aggarwal VK. Enantioselective Synthesis of the Cyclopiazonic Acid Family Using Sulfur Ylides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunus E. Türkmen
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Lorenz E. Löffler
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | | - C. Chun Chen
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Michael A. Shaw
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Mark R. Crimmin
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Marco Ferrara
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Mehrnoosh Ostovar
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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25
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Zhurakovskyi O, Türkmen YE, Löffler LE, Moorthie VA, Chen CC, Shaw MA, Crimmin MR, Ferrara M, Ahmad M, Ostovar M, Matlock JV, Aggarwal VK. Enantioselective Synthesis of the Cyclopiazonic Acid Family Using Sulfur Ylides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1346-1350. [PMID: 29265694 PMCID: PMC5817397 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A convergent, nine‐step (LLS), enantioselective synthesis of α‐cyclopiazonic acid and related natural products is reported. The route features a) an enantioselective aziridination of an imine with a chiral sulfur ylide; b) a bioinspired (3+2)‐cycloaddition of the aziridine onto an alkene; and c) installation of the acetyltetramic acid by an unprecedented tandem carbonylative lactamization/N−O cleavage of a bromoisoxazole.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunus E Türkmen
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Lorenz E Löffler
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | | | - C Chun Chen
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Michael A Shaw
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Mark R Crimmin
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Marco Ferrara
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Mehrnoosh Ostovar
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Johnathan V Matlock
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Varinder K Aggarwal
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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26
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Hymery N, Puel O, Tadrist S, Canlet C, Le Scouarnec H, Coton E, Coton M. Effect of PR toxin on THP1 and Caco-2 cells: an in vitro study. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2017. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2017.2196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Penicillium roqueforti produces mycotoxins including PR toxin, which is a food and feed contaminant. In this study, PR toxin was purified from culture material of the Penicillium roqueforti F43-1 strain. Toxic effects were evaluated in undifferentiated human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells and THP-1 monocytic immune cells. To understand the mechanisms involved in PR-toxin toxicity, cell death and pro-inflammatory gene expression were studied. In addition, PR toxin degradation was assessed. Cytotoxicity studies showed a dose-dependent effect of PR toxin and the calculated mean cytotoxic concentration (IC50) concentrations were for Caco-2 and THP-1 cells >12.5 and 0.83 μM, respectively. Gene expression studies showed that tumour necrosis factor-α expression was significantly increased after 24 h exposure to 312 μM PR toxin. PR toxin induced necrosis on THP-1 cells after 3 h exposure. In the cell culture system, the PR toxin showed a 10-fold reduction in PR toxin concentration within 48 h, indicating that PR toxin was degraded by THP-1. To conclude, PR toxin appears to be one of the most cytotoxic P. roqueforti mycotoxins on Caco-2 and/or THP-1 cells and induces in THP-1 cells both necrosis and an inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Hymery
- Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - O. Puel
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - S. Tadrist
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - C. Canlet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, 31027 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - H. Le Scouarnec
- Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - E. Coton
- Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - M. Coton
- Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
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27
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Antioxidant and selective anticancer activities of two Euphorbia species in human acute myeloid leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:375-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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28
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29
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Solhaug A, Karlsøen L, Holme J, Kristoffersen A, Eriksen G. Immunomodulatory effects of individual and combined mycotoxins in the THP-1 cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 36:120-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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Makene VW, Tijani JO, Petrik LF, Pool EJ. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and inflammatory activity of wastewater collected from a textile factory before and after treatment by coagulation-flocculation methods. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:471. [PMID: 27418078 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5441-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Effective treatment of textile effluent prior to discharge is necessary in order to avert the associated adverse health impacts on human and aquatic life. In the present investigation, coagulation/flocculation processes were evaluated for the effectiveness of the individual treatment. Effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated based on the physicochemical characteristics. The quality of the pre-treated and post-flocculation treated effluent was further evaluated by determination of cytotoxicity and inflammatory activity using RAW264.7 cell cultures. Cytotoxicity was determined using WST-1 assay. Nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were used as biomarkers of inflammation. NO was determined in cell culture supernatant using the Griess reaction assay. The IL-6 secretion was determined using double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunoassay (DAS ELISA). Cytotoxicity results show that raw effluent reduced the cell viability significantly (P < 0.001) compared to the negative control. All effluent samples treated by coagulation/flocculation processes at 1 in 100 dilutions had no cytotoxic effects on RAW264.7 cells. The results on inflammatory activities show that the raw effluent and effluent treated with 1.6 g/L of Fe-Mn oxide induced significantly (P < 0.001) higher NO production than the negative control. The inflammatory results further show that the raw effluent induced significantly (P < 0.001) higher production of IL-6 than the negative control. Among the coagulants/flocculants evaluated Al2(SO4)3.14H2O at a dosage of 1.6 g/L was the most effective to remove both toxic and inflammatory pollutants. In conclusion, the inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells can be used as sensitive biomarkers for monitoring the effectiveness of coagulation/flocculation processes used for textile effluent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedastus W Makene
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Jimoh O Tijani
- Environmental and Nano Sciences Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Leslie F Petrik
- Environmental and Nano Sciences Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Edmund J Pool
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
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31
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Fontaine K, Mounier J, Coton E, Hymery N. Individual and combined effects of roquefortine C and mycophenolic acid on human monocytic and intestinal cells. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2014.1861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Roquefortine C (ROC) and mycophenolic acid (MPA) are secondary metabolites produced by various fungal species. It is known that both ROC and MPA may co-occur in raw materials or food. However, to date there is a lack of information regarding their toxicity. In this study, ROC and/or MPA cytotoxicity was evaluated on human intestinal (Caco-2) and monocytic cell cultures (THP-1 and CD14+). After 48 h single mycotoxin exposure, viability tests showed that monocytes (THP-1 and CD14+) were more sensitive to ROC (inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50)=55 and 45 μM, respectively) than to MPA (IC50>780 μM). IC50 values determined from ROC and MPA mono-exposure experiments on Caco-2 cells were >100 and >780 μM, respectively. Caco-2 cell viability was significantly reduced after 48 h co-exposure at high ROC/MPA concentrations. A synergistic effect was observed at 10/78, 25/780 and 50/780 μM ROC/MPA concentrations, while an additive effect was seen at 100/780 μM. THP-1 apoptosis rate increased after 3 and/or 6 h single ROC (from 10 to 100 μM) and MPA (780 μM) exposures in a dose-dependent manner. Co-exposure to 100/780 μM of ROC/MPA led to an increase in the THP-1 apoptotic cell population. No apoptosis mechanism was observed on Caco-2 cells. This is the first time that combined ROC and MPA cytotoxic effects, as well as the associated mechanisms are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Fontaine
- Université de Brest, EA3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie Microbienne, ESIAB, Technopôle de Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - J. Mounier
- Université de Brest, EA3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie Microbienne, ESIAB, Technopôle de Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - E. Coton
- Université de Brest, EA3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie Microbienne, ESIAB, Technopôle de Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - N. Hymery
- Université de Brest, EA3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie Microbienne, ESIAB, Technopôle de Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France
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32
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Castillo NI, Ibáñez M, Beltrán E, Rivera-Monroy J, Ochoa JC, Páez-Castillo M, Posada-Buitrago ML, Sulyok M, Hernández F. Identification of mycotoxins by UHPLC-QTOF MS in airborne fungi and fungi isolated from industrial paper and antique documents from the Archive of Bogotá. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 144:130-138. [PMID: 26599591 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Mold deterioration of historical documents in archives and libraries is a frequent and complex phenomenon that may have important economic and cultural consequences. In addition, exposure to toxic fungal metabolites might produce health problems. In this work, samples of broths of fungal species isolated from the documentary material and from indoor environmental samples of the Archive of Bogotá have been analyzed to investigate the presence of mycotoxins. High resolution mass spectrometry made possible to search for a large number of mycotoxins, even without reference standards available at the laboratory. For this purpose, a screening strategy based on ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS) under MS(E) mode was applied. A customized home-made database containing elemental composition for around 600 mycotoxins was compiled. The presence of the (de)protonated molecule measured at its accurate mass was evaluated in the samples. When a peak was detected, collision induced dissociation fragments and characteristic isotopic ions were also evaluated and used for tentative identification, based on structure compatibility and comparison with literature data (if existing). Up to 44 mycotoxins were tentatively identified by UHPLC-QTOF MS. 34 of these tentative compounds were confirmed by subsequent analysis using a targeted LC-MS/MS method, supporting the strong potential of QTOF MS for identification/elucidation purposes. The presence of mycotoxins in these samples might help to reinforce safety measures for researchers and staff who work on reception, restoration and conservation of archival material, not only at the Archive of Bogotá but worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy I Castillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá D.C. 111821, Colombia
| | - María Ibáñez
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Castellón 12071, Spain
| | - Eduardo Beltrán
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Castellón 12071, Spain
| | - Jhon Rivera-Monroy
- Laboratorio de Química, Física y Biología, Archivo de Bogotá, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Juan Camilo Ochoa
- Laboratorio de Química, Física y Biología, Archivo de Bogotá, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Mónica Páez-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Química, Física y Biología, Archivo de Bogotá, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | | | - Michael Sulyok
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Tulln 3430, Austria
| | - Félix Hernández
- Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Castellón 12071, Spain.
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Makene VW, Pool EJ. The assessment of inflammatory activity and toxicity of treated sewage using RAW264.7 cells. WATER AND ENVIRONMENT JOURNAL : THE JOURNAL 2015; 29:353-359. [PMID: 26900395 PMCID: PMC4744696 DOI: 10.1111/wej.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity and inflammatory activity of wastewater samples were evaluated using RAW264.7 cells as a bioassay model. The RAW264.7 cell cultures were exposed to sterile filtered wastewater samples collected from a sewage treatment plant. Cell viability was evaluated using WST-1 and XTT assays. Inflammatory effects of samples were assessed by determination of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). The NO was estimated using the Griess reaction and IL-6 was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. All samples had no toxicity effects to RAW264.7 cells, however they significantly (P < 0.001) induced NO and IL-6 production. The highest NO (12.5 ± 0.38 μM) and IL-6 (25383.84 ± 2327 pg/mL) production was induced by postbiofiltration sample. Final effluent induced the lowest inflammatory response, which indicates effective sewage treatment. In conclusion, wastewater samples can induce inflammatory activities in RAW264.7 cells. The RAW264.7 cells, therefore, can be used as a model for monitoring the quality of treated sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedastus W Makene
- Department of Medical Bioscience University of the Western Cape Bellville 7535 South Africa
| | - Edmund J Pool
- Department of Medical Bioscience University of the Western Cape Bellville 7535 South Africa
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34
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Tulini FL, Hymery N, Choiset Y, Chobert JM, Haertlé T, De Martinis ECP, Le Blay G. Milk fermented with the probiotic candidate Lactobacillus paracasei FT700 induces differentiation of monocytes toward macrophages in vitro. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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35
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Guo W, Li D, Peng J, Zhu T, Gu Q, Li D. Penicitols A-C and penixanacid A from the mangrove-derived Penicillium chrysogenum HDN11-24. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:306-310. [PMID: 25611519 DOI: 10.1021/np500586r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Three new citrinin analogues, penicitols A-C (1-3), and one new xanthone derivative, penixanacid A (4), together with four known biogenetically related compounds (5-8), were discovered from the extract of a mangrove-derived fungus, Penicillium chrysogenum HND11-24. The structures of penicitols A-C and penixanacid A were established through analysis of extensive spectroscopic data. Their cytotoxic activity against HeLa, BEL-7402, HEK-293, HCT-116, and A549 cell lines was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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