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Antunes GL, Silveira JS, Luft C, Greggio S, Venturin GT, Schmitz F, Biasibetti-Brendler H, Vuolo F, Dal-Pizzol F, da Costa JC, Wyse ATS, Pitrez PM, da Cunha AA. Airway inflammation induces anxiety-like behavior through neuroinflammatory, neurochemical, and neurometabolic changes in an allergic asthma model. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:911-926. [PMID: 35059965 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation and is constantly associated with anxiety disorder. Recent studies showed bidirectional interaction between the brain and the lung tissue. However, where and how the brain is affected in allergic asthma remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the neuroinflammatory, neurochemical, and neurometabolic alterations that lead to anxiety-like behavior in an experimental model of allergic asthma. Mice were submitted to an allergic asthma model induced by ovalbumin (OVA) and the control group received only Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS). Our findings indicate that airway inflammation increases interleukin (IL) -9, IL-13, eotaxin, and IL-1β release and changes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Na+,K+-ATPase activities in the brain of mice. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and antioxidant defense alteration that leads to protein damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, airway inflammation promotes a pro-inflammatory environment with an increase of BDNF expression in the brain of allergic asthma mice. These pro-inflammatory environments lead to an increase in glucose uptake in the limbic regions and to anxiety-like behavior that was observed through the elevated plus maze (EPM) test and downregulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In conclusion, the present study revealed for the first time that airway inflammation induces neuroinflammatory, neurochemical, and neurometabolic changes within the brain that leads to anxiety-like behavior. Knowledge about mechanisms that lead to anxiety phenotype in asthma is a beneficial tool that can be used for the complete management and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géssica Luana Antunes
- Infant Center, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), 6690 Ipiranga Ave., Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Josiane Silva Silveira
- Infant Center, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), 6690 Ipiranga Ave., Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Luft
- Infant Center, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), 6690 Ipiranga Ave., Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Samuel Greggio
- Preclinical Research Center, Brain Institute - BraIns, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gianina Teribele Venturin
- Preclinical Research Center, Brain Institute - BraIns, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Schmitz
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Metabolic Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helena Biasibetti-Brendler
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Metabolic Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Francieli Vuolo
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, UNESC, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Jaderson Costa da Costa
- Preclinical Research Center, Brain Institute - BraIns, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Metabolic Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Ogidigo JO, Anosike CA, Joshua PE, Ibeji CU, Nwanguma BC, Nwodo OFC. Neuroprotective effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum flavonoids against aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 32:243-258. [PMID: 34663170 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1995557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Toxic metals such as aluminum accumulation in the brain have been associated with the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative disorders. Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves contain a vast array of polyphenols, particularly flavonoids, that may play a role in the prevention of toxic and degenerative effects in the brain. This study assessed the neuro-restorative potential of leaves of B. pinnatum enriched flavonoid fraction (BPFRF) in aluminum-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Neurotoxicity was induced in male Wistar rats by oral administration of 150 mg/kg body weight of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) for 21 days. Rats were grouped into five (n = 6); Control (untreated), Rivastigmine group, AlCl3 group and BPFRF group (50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt.) for 21 days. Neuronal changes in the hippocampus and cortex were biochemically and histologically evaluated. Expression patterns of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mRNA were assessed using semi-quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction protocols. Molecular interactions of BPFRF compounds were investigated in silico. The results revealed that oral administration of BPFRF ameliorated oxidative imbalance by augmenting antioxidant systems and decreasing lipid peroxidation caused by AlCl3. BPFRF administration also contributed to the down-regulation of AChE mRNA transcripts and improved histological features in the hippocampus and cortex. Molecular docking studies revealed strong molecular interactions between BPFRF compounds, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase Overall, these findings suggest the neuroprotective effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Oloaigbe Ogidigo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Bio-resources Centre Abuja, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Chioma Assumpta Anosike
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Parker Elijah Joshua
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Collins U Ibeji
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Bennett C Nwanguma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Okwesili Fred Chiletugo Nwodo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, Mkar University, Benue State, Nigeria
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Sanajou S, Şahin G, Baydar T. Aluminium in cosmetics and personal care products. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:1704-1718. [PMID: 34396567 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Usage of inorganic ingredients like aluminium salts in cosmetics and personal care products has been a concern for producers and consumers. Although aluminium is used to treat hyperhidrosis, some worries have been raised about aluminium's role in breast cancer, breast cyst and Alzheimer's disease. The human population is exposed to aluminium from vaccines, diet, and drinking water, but the frequent use of aluminium-based cosmetics might add additional local exposure. This paper reviews literature to determine if aluminium-based products may pose potential harm to the body. The dermal absorption of aluminium is not widely understood. It is not yet known whether aluminium can travel from the skin to brain to cause Alzheimer's disease. Aluminium may cause gene instability, alter gene expression or enhance oxidative stress, but the carcinogenicity of aluminium has not been proved yet. Until now, epidemiological researches were based on oral information, which lacks consistency, and the results are conflicting. Future studies should target real-life-based long-time exposure to antiperspirants and other aluminium-containing cosmetics and personal care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sanajou
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Turkey.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gönül Şahin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
Cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases pose a significant burden on healthcare resources both in developed and developing countries which is a major socio-economic and healthcare concern. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of progressive neurodegenerative dementia of the aged brain. Aluminum is a constituent of antacids, deodorants, kitchenware and food additives which allows easy access into the body posing risk to development of senile dementia of Alzheimer's type. Virgin coconut oil was declared as a potential cognitive strengthener. Assessment of cognitive and memory-enhancing effects of virgin coconut oil in senile and young rats to gain vital insights into its effective use in the prevention of neurodegeneration in dementia/Alzheimer's disease-like manifestations and alleviate cognitive dysfunction and learning impairment with neuronal damage imparted by daily oral intake of aluminum. Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms and memory impairment were experimentally induced using oral anhydrous aluminum chloride given daily for five successive weeks in young and old age albino rats. Treatment groups received virgin coconut oil to assess protection during the experimental period. Behavioral test, Morris water maze was conducted before/after induction/treatment. At the end of the experimental period, cholinergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor were being investigated, in addition to immunochemical and histopathological examination of targeted brain regions. Virgin coconut oil significantly improved cholinergic activity and monoaminergic neurotransmission. Moreover, immunochemical and histopathological examination revealed marked protection with virgin coconut oil against aluminum-induced Alzheimer's disease-like pathology and cognitive deficit.
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Mehpara Farhat S, Mahboob A, Ahmed T. Oral exposure to aluminum leads to reduced nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene expression, severe neurodegeneration and impaired hippocampus dependent learning in mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:310-318. [PMID: 30889993 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1587452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is known for its neurotoxicity for over a century and is reported to have specifically high toxicity for cholinergic system. The effect of Al on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors is widely reported, but its effect on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) is less well known. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Al on hippocampus dependent learning and memory, function and expression of nAChRs in the hippocampus. Al concentration and neurodegeneration were also measured in the hippocampus following Al treatment. The mice were treated with 250 mg/kg AlCl3.6H2O in drinking water for a period of 42 days. Results show that Al treated animals have significantly reduced spatial reference memory as compared to control animals in Morris water maze test. Similarly, Al treated animals showed reduced contextual memory for Pavlovian fear compared to control animals. Al treated animals show higher anxiety in elevated plus maze as compared to control animals. The analysis of nAChR expression via RT-PCR showed reduced expression of α7, α4 and β2 nAChR gene expression in the hippocampus of Al treated animals. High Al accumulation was observed in Al-treated animals (688.14 ± 242.82 μg/g) compared to the control group (115.14 ± 18.18 μg/g) that resulted in severe neurodegeneration in the hippocampus. These results demonstrated that Al exposure caused neurotoxicity in mice hippocampus which is manifested by reduced memory and elevated anxiety. The results were further validated by high Al accumulation in the hippocampus, severe neurodegeneration and reduced expression of nAChRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Mehpara Farhat
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamra Mahboob
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Touqeer Ahmed
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Singla N, Dhawan DK. Modulation of (14) C-labeled glucose metabolism by zinc during aluminium induced neurodegeneration. J Neurosci Res 2015; 93:1434-41. [PMID: 25908409 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is one of the most prominent metals in the environment and is responsible for causing several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient that is involved in regulating brain development and function. The present study investigates the protective potential of Zn in the uptake of (14) C-labeled amino acids and glucose and their turnover in rat brain slices during Al intoxication. Male Sprague Dawley rats (140-160 g) were divided into four different groups: normal control, Al treated (100 mg/kg body weight/day via oral gavage), Zn treated (227 mg/liter in drinking water), and Al + Zn treated. Radiorespirometric assay revealed an increase in glucose turnover after Al exposure that was attenuated after Zn treatment. Furthermore, the uptake of (14) C-labeled glucose was increased after Al treatment but was appreciably decreased upon Zn supplementation. In addition, the uptakes of (14) C-lysine, (14) C-leucine, and (14) C-aspartic acid were also found to be elevated following Al exposure but were decreased after Zn treatment. Al treatment also caused alterations in the neurohistoarchitecture of the brain, which were improved after Zn coadministration. Therefore, the present study suggests that Zn provides protection against Al-induced neurotoxicity by regulating glucose and amino acid uptake in rats, indicating that Zn could be a potential candidate for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - D K Dhawan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Singla N, Dhawan DK. Influence of Zinc on Calcium-Dependent Signal Transduction Pathways During Aluminium-Induced Neurodegeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 50:613-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ismail MF, Elmeshad AN, Salem NAH. Potential therapeutic effect of nanobased formulation of rivastigmine on rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:393-406. [PMID: 23378761 PMCID: PMC3558309 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s39232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To sustain the effect of rivastigmine, a hydrophilic cholinesterase inhibitor, nanobased formulations were prepared. The efficacy of the prepared rivastigmine liposomes (RLs) in comparison to rivastigmine solution (RS) was assessed in an aluminium chloride (AlCl3)-induced Alzheimer’s model. Methods Liposomes were prepared by lipid hydration (F1) and heating (F2) methods. Rats were treated with either RS or RLs (1 mg/kg/day) concomitantly with AlCl3 (50 mg/kg/day). Results The study showed that the F1 method produced smaller liposomes (67.51 ± 14.2 nm) than F2 (528.7 ± 15.5 nm), but both entrapped the same amount of the drug (92.1% ± 1.4%). After 6 hours, 74.2% ± 1.5% and 60.8% ± 2.3% of rivastigmine were released from F1 and F2, respectively. Both RLs and RS improved the deterioration of spatial memory induced by AlCl3, with RLs having a superior effect. Further biochemical measurements proved that RS and RLs were able to lower plasma C-reactive protein, homocysteine and asymmetric dimethy-larginine levels. RS significantly attenuated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, whereas Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity was enhanced compared to the AlCl3-treated animals; however, RLs succeeded in normalization of AChE and Na+/K+ ATPase activities. Gene-expression profile showed that cotreatment with RS to AlCl3-treated rats succeeded in exerting significant decreases in BACE1, AChE, and IL1B gene expression. Normalization of the expression of the aforementioned genes was achieved by coadministration of RLs to AlCl3-treated rats. The profound therapeutic effect of RLs over RS was evidenced by nearly preventing amyloid plaque formation, as shown in the histopathological examination of rat brain. Conclusion RLs could be a potential drug-delivery system for ameliorating Alzheimer’s disease.
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Modulatory effects of vitamin E, acetyl-l-carnitine and α-lipoic acid on new potential biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in rat model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:549-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Willhite CC, Ball GL, McLellan CJ. Total allowable concentrations of monomeric inorganic aluminum and hydrated aluminum silicates in drinking water. Crit Rev Toxicol 2012; 42:358-442. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2012.674101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Calejo AI, Jorgačevski J, Silva VS, Stenovec M, Kreft M, Gonçalves PP, Zorec R. Aluminium-induced changes of fusion pore properties attenuate prolactin secretion in rat pituitary lactotrophs. Neuroscience 2011; 201:57-66. [PMID: 22123165 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Hormone secretion is mediated by Ca(2+)-regulated exocytosis. The key step of this process consists of the merger of the vesicle and the plasma membranes, leading to the formation of a fusion pore. This is an aqueous channel through which molecules stored in the vesicle lumen exit into the extracellular space on stimulation. Here we studied the effect of sub-lethal dose of aluminium on prolactin secretion in isolated rat pituitary lactotrophs with an enzyme immunoassay and by monitoring electrophysiologically the interaction of a single vesicle with the plasma membrane in real time, by monitoring membrane capacitance. After 24-h exposure to sub-lethal AlCl(3) (30 μM), the secretion of prolactin was reduced by 14±8% and 46±11% under spontaneous and K(+)-stimulated conditions, respectively. The frequency of unitary exocytotic events, recorded by the high-resolution patch-clamp monitoring of membrane capacitance, a parameter linearly related to the membrane area, under spontaneous and stimulated conditions, was decreased in aluminium-treated cells. Moreover, while the fusion pore dwell-time was increased in the presence of aluminium, the fusion pore conductance, a measure of fusion pore diameter, was reduced, both under spontaneous and stimulated conditions. These results suggest that sub-lethal aluminium concentrations reduce prolactin secretion downstream of the stimulus secretion coupling by decreasing the frequency of unitary exocytotic events and by stabilizing the fusion pore diameter to a value smaller than prolactin molecule, thus preventing its discharge into the extracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Calejo
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Darbre P, Pugazhendhi D, Mannello F. Aluminium and human breast diseases. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 105:1484-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mannello F, Tonti GA, Medda V, Simone P, Darbre PD. Analysis of aluminium content and iron homeostasis in nipple aspirate fluids from healthy women and breast cancer-affected patients. J Appl Toxicol 2011; 31:262-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Mannello
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Unit of Cell Biology; University ‘Carlo Bo’; via O. Ubaldini 7; 61029; Urbino; Italy
| | - Gaetana A. Tonti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Unit of Cell Biology; University ‘Carlo Bo’; via O. Ubaldini 7; 61029; Urbino; Italy
| | - Virginia Medda
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Unit of Cell Biology; University ‘Carlo Bo’; via O. Ubaldini 7; 61029; Urbino; Italy
| | - Patrizia Simone
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Unit of Cell Biology; University ‘Carlo Bo’; via O. Ubaldini 7; 61029; Urbino; Italy
| | - Philippa D. Darbre
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Reading; Whiteknights; Reading; RG6 6UB; UK
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Bihaqi SW, Sharma M, Singh AP, Tiwari M. Neuroprotective role of Convolvulus pluricaulis on aluminium induced neurotoxicity in rat brain. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 124:409-415. [PMID: 19505562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2009] [Revised: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Convolvulus pluricaulis (Convolvulaceae) has long been used as traditional herbal medicine in India as nerve tonic. We investigated neuroprotective effects of aqueous extract from Convolvulus pluricaulis (CP) against aluminium chloride induced neurotoxicity in rat cerebral cortex. MATERIAL, METHOD AND RESULT Daily administration of CP (150 mg/kg) for 3 months along with aluminium chloride (50 mg/kg) decreased the elevated enzymatic activity of acetylcholine esterase and also inhibited the decline in Na(+)/K(+)ATPase activity which resulted from aluminium intake. Beside, preventing accumulation of lipid and protein damage, changes in the levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes associated with aluminium administration were also rectified. Oral administration of CP preserved the mRNA levels of muscarinic receptor 1 (M1 receptor), choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) and Nerve Growth Factor-Tyrosine kinase A receptor (NGF-TrkA). It also ameliorated the upregulated protein expression of cyclin dependent kinase5 (Cdk5) induced by aluminium. The potential of CPE to inhibit aluminium induced toxicity was compared with rivastigmine tartrate (1mg/kg), which was taken as standard. The potential of the extract to prevent aluminium-induced neurotoxicity was also reflected at the microscopic level, indicative of its neuroprotective effects. CONCLUSION Convolvulus pluricaulis possesses neuroprotective potential, thus validating its use in alleviating toxic effects of aluminium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Waseem Bihaqi
- Dr B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Mannello F, Tonti GA, Darbre PD. Concentration of aluminium in breast cyst fluids collected from women affected by gross cystic breast disease. J Appl Toxicol 2009; 29:1-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.1384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Nunes MA, Santos S, Cordeiro JM, Neves P, Silva VS, Sykes A, Morgado F, Dunant Y, Gonçalves PP. Acetylcholine release and choline uptake by cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) optic lobe synaptosomes. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2008; 214:1-5. [PMID: 18258770 DOI: 10.2307/25066654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh), which is synthesized from choline (Ch), is believed to hold a central place in signaling mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) and other coleoid cephalopods. Although the main elements required for cholinergic function have been identified in cephalopods, the transmembrane translocation events promoting the release of ACh and the uptake of Ch remain largely unsolved. The ACh release and Ch uptake were quantitatively studied through the use of in vitro chemiluminescence and isotopic methods on a subcellular fraction enriched in synaptic nerve endings (synaptosomes) isolated from cuttlefish optic lobe. The ACh release evoked by K+ depolarization was found to be very high (0.04 pmol ACh.s(-1).mg(-1) protein). In response to stimulation by veratridine, a secretagogue (a substance that induces secretion) that targets voltage-gated Na+ channels, the release rate and the total amount of ACh released were significantly lower, by 10-fold, than the response induced by KCl. The high-affinity uptake of choline was also very high (31 pmol Ch.min(-1).mg(-1) protein). The observed ACh release and Ch uptake patterns are in good agreement with published data on preparations characterized by high levels of ACh metabolism, adding further evidence that ACh acts as a neurotransmitter in cuttlefish optic lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alexandra Nunes
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Gonçalves PP, Silva VS. Does neurotransmission impairment accompany aluminium neurotoxicity? J Inorg Biochem 2007; 101:1291-338. [PMID: 17675244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2007] [Revised: 05/25/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2007] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neurobehavioral disorders, except their most overt form, tend to lie beyond the reach of clinicians. Presently, the use of molecular data in the decision-making processes is limited. However, as details of the mechanisms of neurotoxic action of aluminium become clearer, a more complete picture of possible molecular targets of aluminium can be anticipated, which promises better prediction of the neurotoxicological potential of aluminium exposure. In practical terms, a critical analysis of current data on the effects of aluminium on neurotransmission can be of great benefit due to the rapidly expanding knowledge of the neurotoxicological potential of aluminium. This review concludes that impairment of neurotransmission is a strong predictor of outcome in neurobehavioral disorders. Key questions and challenges for future research into aluminium neurotoxicity are also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula P Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biologia, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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