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Yang Y, Wang C, Shen H, Fan H, Liu J, Wu N. Cis-bifenthrin inhibits cortisol and aldosterone biosynthesis in human adrenocortical H295R cells via cAMP signaling cascade. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 89:103784. [PMID: 34896276 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cis-bifenthrin (cis-BF) is a common-used pyrethroid insecticide frequently detected in environmental and biological matrices. Mounting evidence highlights the endocrine disrupting effects of cis-BF due to anti-estrogenic or anti-androgenic activity. However, little is known about the exposure effects of cis-BF on adrenal cortex function. In this study, effects of cis-BF on biosynthesis of adrenal steroids, as well as the potential mechanisms were investigated in human adrenocortical carcinoma (H295R) cells. Cis-BF decreased basal production levels of cortisol and aldosterone, as well as cAMP-induced production of cortisol. Both he basal and cAMP-stimulated transcriptional levels of several steroidogenic genes were significantly down-regulated by cis-BF. As an important rate-limiting enzyme in steroidogenesis, the protein level of StAR was prohibited by cis-BF on both basal and cAMP-induced conditions. Intracellular level of cAMP was significantly reduced by cis-BF. Overall, these data suggest that cis-BF may inhibit the biosynthesis of cortisol and aldosterone via disrupting cAMP signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Chunlei Wang
- Department of Public Health, Yu Hang No.2 People's Hospital, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Hong Shen
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Hongliang Fan
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nanxiang Wu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
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2
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Hu Y, Li D, Ma X, Liu R, Qi Y, Yuan C, Huang D. Effects of 2,4-dichlorophenol exposure on zebrafish: Implications for the sex hormone synthesis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 236:105868. [PMID: 34051627 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), an estrogenic endocrine disruptor, is widely spread in aquatic environments and may interfere with normal physiological functions in fish. However, the influence of this chemical on the synthesis of sex hormones is not well understood. In the present study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to 2,4-DCP (80 and 160 μg/L) with or without fadrozole (an aromatase inhibitor which inhibits the synthesis of estradiol) from 20 to 40 days post fertilization. Then, the sex ratio, the content of vitellogenin (VTG) and sex hormones (androstenedione (ASD), estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), testosterone (T) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT)) were studied. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in synthesis of sex hormones (cyp19a1a, cyp19a1b, 17β-hsd, 11β-hsd and cyp11b) along with the DNA methylation in cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b promoters was analyzed. The results showed that 2,4-DCP exposure led to female-biased ratio, increased the content of ASD, E2 and VTG, as well as the ratio of E2/11-KT, while decreased the levels of androgens (T and 11-KT). The sex hormonal change can be explained by the significant up-regulation of cyp19a1a, cyp19a1b, 17β-hsd and 11β-hsd genes. In addition, hypomethylation of cyp19a1a promoter was involved in this process. Notably, fadrozole can partly attenuate 2,4-DCP-induced feminization, and recover the levels of ASD, E2 and 11-KT. Thus, these results demonstrate that 2,4-DCP induces feminization in fish by disrupting the synthesis of sex hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China
| | - Dong Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China
| | - Xuan Ma
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China
| | - Rongjian Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China
| | - Yongmei Qi
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China
| | - Cong Yuan
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China
| | - Dejun Huang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China.
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Yue S, Zhang T, Shen Q, Song Q, Ji C, Chen Y, Mao M, Kong Y, Chen D, Liu J, Sun Z, Zhao M. Assessment of endocrine-disrupting effects of emerging polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs): In vitro, in silico, and in vivo evidence. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 140:105729. [PMID: 32344252 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are an emerging class of persistent, bioaccumulative compounds that are structurally and chemically related to dioxins. They have been detected widely in sediment, river, and soil samples, but their environmental risks are largely unknown. Therefore, seven common PHCZs were tested for their endocrine disrupting potential in silico, in vitro, and in vivo. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect receptor-mediated (agonist or antagonistic) activity (concentration range: 10-9-10-5 M) against the estrogen receptor α (ERα), glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα), and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). The alterations in the steroidogenesis pathway were investigated in H295R cells. Antagonistic effects against GRα were observed with five PHCZs, along with an increase in the cortisol levels of H295R cells. The most common effect observed was that of the agonistic activity of ERα, with the molecular docking analysis further indicating that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions may stabilize the interaction between PHCZs and the estrogen receptor binding pocket. In addition, a seven-day exposure of young female rats to three PHCZs (27-BCZ, 3-BCZ, and 36-BCZ) resulted in changes in serum E2 levels, uterine epithelium cell heights, and relative uterus weights. In conclusion, endocrine-disrupting effects, especially the estrogenic effects, were observed for the tested PHCZs. Such adverse effects of PHCZs on humans and wildlife warrant further thorough investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqing Yue
- College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Blood, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qiqi Shen
- College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Qin Song
- College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Chenyang Ji
- College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanchen Chen
- College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Manfei Mao
- College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuan Kong
- College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Meirong Zhao
- College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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Zhang C, Li D, Ge T, Han J, Qi Y, Huang D. 2,4-Dichlorophenol induces feminization of zebrafish (Danio rerio) via DNA methylation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:135084. [PMID: 31780173 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is a ubiquitous contaminant of aquatic environments with an estrogenic effect on fish. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this effect remains elusive. To this end, the present study aimed to explore the effect of 2,4-DCP on sex differentiation and its relevant mechanism in zebrafish (Danio rerio). The results showed that a female-biased sex ratio was induced after exposing larval zebrafish to 2,4-DCP (0-160 μg/L) from 20 to 50 days post fertilization (dpf). The feminization of zebrafish was accompanied by decreased expression of male-related genes (sox9a, amh and dmrt1) under 2,4-DCP from 20 to 50 dpf. However, the expression of female-related genes (cyp19a1a, foxl2 and esr1) was also suppressed. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the methylation level of sox9a promoter was significantly increased, which may result in the significantly decreased expression of sox9a and ultimately the feminization effect of 2,4-DCP on zebrafish. In addition, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA), a methyltransferase inhibitor, significantly reduced the methylation level, increased the expression of sox9a, and partly impaired the feminization effect caused by 2,4-DCP, which further confirmed the importance of DNA methylation of sox9a in 2,4-DCP-induced feminization. These findings provide novel insights into the epigenetic mechanisms of DCP-induced estrogenic effect in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dong Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tingting Ge
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiangyuan Han
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongmei Qi
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Dejun Huang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Guo W, Han J, Wu S, Shi X, Wang Q, Zhou B. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate Affects Lipid Metabolism in Zebrafish Larvae via DNA Methylation Modification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:355-363. [PMID: 31804803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, but its toxicity is not fully understood. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of TBPH and its metabolite, mono-(2-ethyhexyl)tetrabromophthalate (TBMEHP), on lipid metabolism using a zebrafish model. The molecular docking study revealed that TBPH and TBMEHP bind to zebrafish peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), with binding energies similar to rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist. Zebrafish embryos 0.75 hpf were exposed to TBPH (0.2-2000 nM) or TBMEHP (0.2-2000 nM) until 72 hpf, and their effects on PPARγ-mediated lipid metabolism were evaluated. Significant regional DNA demethylation of the PPARγ promoter was observed in the larvae at 72 hpf. Demethylation of the PPARγ promoter accompanied by upregulation of tet1 and tet2 transcription caused upregulation of PPARγ transcription and certain downstream genes involved in lipid lipolysis, transport, and metabolism. The triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations in the larvae were significantly reduced following exposure to TBPH or TBMEHP. Furthermore, significant increases in the whole ATP content and locomotor activity in the 120 hpf larvae were observed. The overall results suggest that both TBPH and TBMEHP affect methylation of the PPARγ promoter, subsequently influencing larvae lipid metabolism via the PPARγ signaling pathway and disrupting energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shengmin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiongjie Shi
- College of Life Sciences, the Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiangwei Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Cai S, Zhu J, Sun L, Fan C, Zhong Y, Shen Q, Li Y. Association Between Urinary Triclosan With Bone Mass Density and Osteoporosis in US Adult Women, 2005‒2010. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:4531-4538. [PMID: 31237619 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Laboratory studies have demonstrated that triclosan (TCS) can cause significant interstitial collagen accumulation and an increase in trabecular bone. However, little is known about the relationship between TCS exposure and human bone health. METHODS We used 2005 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data to examine the association between urinary TCS concentration and bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis in US adult women aged ≥20 years. After inclusion and exclusion, 1848 women were analyzed. RESULTS After adjustment for other covariates, we observed significant associations between tertile 3 of TCS concentration and lower BMD in regions of the total femur (β = -0.016; 95% CI = -0.032, -0.000), intertrochanteric region (β = -0.022; 95% CI = -0.042, -0.002), and lumbar spine (β = -0.014; 95% CI = -0.029, 0.001), respectively, relative to tertile 1. Compared with women at tertile 1, those at tertile 3 were more likely to have increased prevalence of osteoporosis in the intertrochanteric region (OR = 2.464; 95% CI = 1.190, 5.105). CONCLUSION This epidemiological study investigated the association between urinary TCS concentration and BMD and osteoporosis in US adult women. We found urinary TCS concentration was negatively associated with BMD and was positively associated with the prevalence of osteoporosis. The evidence was stronger in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women. Future prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofang Cai
- Department of Science and Education, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiahao Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hangzhou Medical College School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hangzhou Medical College School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaohong Zhong
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Shen
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingjun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hangzhou Medical College School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
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Guo J, Wu C, Zhang J, Jiang S, Lv S, Lu D, Qi X, Feng C, Liang W, Chang X, Zhang Y, Xu H, Cao Y, Wang G, Zhou Z. Anthropometric measures at age 3 years in associations with prenatal and postnatal exposures to chlorophenols. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:204-211. [PMID: 31029966 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorophenols (CPs), suspected as endocrine disrupting chemicals, exposure during early life may contribute to body size. However, limited human data with inconsistent findings have examined the developmental effects of CPs exposure. OBJECTIVE To explore associations between prenatal and postnatal CPs exposure and anthropometric parameters in children aged 3 years. METHODS A subset of 377 mother-child pairs with urinary five CP concentrations were enrolled from a prospective birth cohort. Generalized linear models were conducted to evaluate associations of CPs exposure with children's anthropometric measures. RESULTS Maternal urinary 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) concentrations were significantly negatively associated with weight z scores [regression coefficient (β) = -0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.96, -0.05; p = 0.01], weight for height z scores (β = -0.54, 95% CI: -1.02, -0.06; p = 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) z scores (β = -0.53, 95% CI: -1.03, -0.03; p = 0.01) of children aged 3 years, after adjustment for potential confounders and postnatal CPs exposure. In the sex-stratified analyses, these inverse associations remained among boys, while in girls, positive associations of prenatal 2,4,6-TCP exposure with weight for height z scores and BMI z scores were observed. Postnatal exposure to 2,5-diclorophenol (2,5-DCP) was positively associated with weight z scores (β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.50; p = 0.04), after controlling for possible confounders and maternal CPs exposure during pregnancy. Considering potential sex-specific effects, these associations were only observed in girls. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that prenatal 2,4,6-TCP exposure and postnatal 2,5-DCP exposure may have adverse and sex-specific effects on children's physical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiu Guo
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jiming Zhang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shenliang Lv
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dasheng Lu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Xiaojuan Qi
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Weijiu Liang
- Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 39 Yunwushan Road, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 39 Yunwushan Road, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Unit of Biostatistics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, 70182, Sweden
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, No. 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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8
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Natoli L, Luci G, Mennillo E, Adeogun AO, Arukwe A. Assessing the effects of Awba dam sediment (Nigeria) on the steroidogenesis of H295R cells using different extraction methods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:121-131. [PMID: 30196212 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, H295R human cells were used to investigate the endocrine disruptor potential of three different sediments extracts taken from a Nigerian tropical freshwater dam (Awba Dam), using three extraction methods that allowed a selective consideration of contaminants based on their binding affinity, which is mainly driven by polarity, to sediment particles. After exposure to different concentration of each extract, H295R cells were evaluated for the expression profiles of 10 steroidogenic enzyme genes and estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels. Our results showed a comparable concentrated-related increase in the expression of 17β-hsd1, 3β-hsd2 and cyp21 in cells treated with the polar and non-polar extracts. The star, hmgr, cyp11b2 and 17β-hsd4 were slightly decreased, in an apparent concentration-specific manner, after treatment with the polar extract and decreased in the non-polar treatment. The cyp11a and cyp17 showed an opposite trend in the polar and non-polar treatments. E2 was significantly higher in cell treated with the non-polar extract. Elutriate exposure produced less pronounced variation in mRNA and hormones levels. Overall the extract with non-polar compounds produced the most severe effects in H295R cells. Thus, direct ingestion of detritus and mud from fishes and other benthonic organisms represent possible transfer of contaminants in the trophic web, and mainly account for alteration of the endocrine system previously observed in fish from the same study site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Natoli
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Giacomo Luci
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elvira Mennillo
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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9
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Oanh NTP, Kido T, Honma S, Oyama Y, Anh LT, Phuc HD, Viet NH, Manh HD, Okamoto R, Nakagawa H, Nakayama SF, Nhu DD, Van Tung D, Van Chi V, Minh NH, Van Toan N. Androgen disruption by dioxin exposure in 5-year-old Vietnamese children: Decrease in serum testosterone level. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:466-474. [PMID: 29864660 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins have been suspected to be potential substances causing endocrine disruptions in humans. We are conducting the research in one of three dioxin exposure areas (hotspots) in Vietnam. We previously reported that the salivary dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) level decreased in 3-year-old Vietnamese children and that it was significantly inversely correlated with polychlorinated dibenzodioxin/dibenzofuran levels in their mother's breast milk. In this study, we investigated the influence of exposure to dioxin on steroid hormone biosynthesis in the same children when they reached 5 years of age, focusing on androgens. Thirty-five and 50 mother-child pairs from dioxin hotspot and non-sprayed areas, respectively, participated in this study. Maternal breast milk was donated at 4 to 16 weeks postpartum in 2008 to measure dioxin levels by gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Serum was collected from 5-year-old children in 2013. Seven steroid hormones were measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Most dioxin congeners in breast milk were 2- to 10-fold higher in the hotspot than in the non-sprayed area. DHEA and testosterone (T) were significantly lower in the hotspot and showed negative correlations with most dioxin congeners. Similar results were observed for the activities of cytochrome P450-17, 20 lyase (CYP17 lyase), and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD). Conversely, the elevated androstenedione (A-dione) level and 3β-HSD activity in children from the hotspot were positively correlated with dioxin levels. Moreover, a positive correlation was shown between T and 17β-HSD. It is possible that dioxin inhibits 17β-HSD activity, leading to a decrease in the T level. Multiple regression analysis indicated that dioxin had a strong association with the DHEA, A-dione, and T levels. In conclusion, the present study suggests that dioxin is associated with low levels of DHEA and T and inhibition of the activity of steroidogenic enzymes such as CYP17 lyase and 17β-HSD in 5-year-old children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Phuong Oanh
- Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Kido
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Seijiro Honma
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Oyama
- Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Le Thai Anh
- Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hoang Duc Phuc
- Hanoi Preventive Medicine Centre, No. 70 Nguyen Chi Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Hoang Viet
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Ha Noi Medical University, No. 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ho Dung Manh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, No. 10 Huynh Van Nghe, Buu Long, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, Viet Nam
| | - Rie Okamoto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakagawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Shoji F Nakayama
- Centre for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Dang Duc Nhu
- Ministry of Health, No 138A Giang Vo, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Dao Van Tung
- Viettiep Hospital, No.1 Nha Thuong, Le Chan, Hai Phong, Viet Nam
| | - Vo Van Chi
- Phu Cat Health Centre, No.12, 2/3 St., Ngo May, Phu Cat, Binh Dinh, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Hung Minh
- Dioxin Laboratory, Centre for Environment Monitoring, Vietnam Environment Administration, No. 556 Nguyen Van Cu, Long Bien, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ngo Van Toan
- Ha Noi Medical University, No. 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam
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10
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Hu W, Chen M, Ji J, Qin Y, Zhang F, Xu M, Wu W, Du G, Wu D, Han X, Jin L, Xia Y, Lu C, Wang X. Interaction between Y chromosome haplogroup O3 * and 4-n-octylphenol exposure reduces the susceptibility to spermatogenic impairment in Han Chinese. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:450-455. [PMID: 28667856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Certain genetic background (mainly Y chromosome haplogroups, Y-hg) may modify the susceptibility of certain environmental exposure to some diseases. Compared with respective main effects of genetic background or environmental exposure, interactions between them reflect more realistic combined effects on the susceptibility to a disease. To identify the interactions on spermatogenic impairment, we performed Y chromosome haplotyping and measurement of 9 urinary phenols concentrations in 774 infertile males and 520 healthy controls in a Han Chinese population, and likelihood ratio tests were used to examine the interactions between Y-hgs and phenols. Originally, we observed that Y-hg C and Y-hg F* might modify the susceptibility to male infertility with urinary 4-n-octylphenol (4-n-OP) level (Pinter = 0.005 and 0.019, respectively). Subsequently, based on our results, two panels were tested to identify the possible protective sub-branches of Y-hg F* to 4-n-OP exposure, and Y-hg O3* was uncovered to interact with 4-n-OP (Pinter = 0.019). In conclusion, while 4-n-OP shows an adverse effect on spermatogenesis, Y-hg O3* makes individuals more adaptive to such an effect for maintaining basic reproductive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaofei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiumei Han
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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11
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Ge T, Han J, Qi Y, Gu X, Ma L, Zhang C, Naeem S, Huang D. The toxic effects of chlorophenols and associated mechanisms in fish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 184:78-93. [PMID: 28119128 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols (CPs) are ubiquitous contaminants in the environment primarily released from agricultural and industrial wastewater. These compounds are not readily degraded naturally, and easily accumulate in organs, tissues and cells via food chains, further leading to acute and chronic toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Herein, we review the available literature regarding CP toxicity in fish, with special emphasis on the potential toxic mechanisms. CPs cause oxidative stress via generation of reactive oxygen species, induction of lipid peroxidation and/or oxidative DNA damage along with inhibition of antioxidant systems. CPs affect immune system by altering the number of mature B cells and macrophages, while suppressing phagocytosis and down-regulating the expression of immune factors. CPs also disrupt endocrine function by affecting hormone levels, or inducing abnormal gene expression and interference with hormone receptors. CPs at relatively higher concentrations induce apoptosis via mitochondria-mediated pathway, cell death receptor-mediated pathway, and/or DNA damage-mediated pathway. CPs at relatively lower concentrations promote cell proliferation, and foster cancers-prone environment by increasing the rate of point mutations and oxidative DNA lesions. These toxic effects in fish are induced directly by CPs per se or indirectly by their metabolic products. In addition, recent studies on the alteration of DNA methylation by CPs through high-throughput DNA sequencing analysis provide new insights into our understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms underlying CPs toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ge
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiangyuan Han
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongmei Qi
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xueyan Gu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sajid Naeem
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dejun Huang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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12
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Wang X, Zhang X, Xia P, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhang R, Giesy JP, Shi W, Yu H. A high-throughput, computational system to predict if environmental contaminants can bind to human nuclear receptors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 576:609-616. [PMID: 27810749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Some pollutants can bind to nuclear receptors (NRs) and modulate their activities. Predicting interactions of NRs with chemicals is required by various jurisdictions because these molecular initiating events can result in adverse, apical outcomes, such as survival, growth or reproduction. The goal of this study was to develop a high-throughput, computational method to predict potential agonists of NRs, especially for contaminants in the environment or to which people or wildlife are expected to be exposed, including both persistent and pseudo-persistent chemicals. A 3D-structure database containing 39 human NRs was developed. The database was then combined with AutoDock Vina to develop a System for Predicting Potential Effective Nuclear Receptors (SPEN), based on inverse docking of chemicals. The SPEN was further validated and evaluated by experimental results for a subset of 10 chemicals. Finally, to assess the robustness of SPEN, its ability to predict potentials of 40 chemicals to bind to some of the most studied receptors was evaluated. SPEN is rapid, cost effective and powerful for predicting binding of chemicals to NRs. SPEN was determined to be useful for screening chemicals so that pollutants in the environment can be prioritized for regulators or when considering alternative compounds to replace known or suspected contaminants with poor environmental profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China; Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Pu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Junjiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China; School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - John P Giesy
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan SK S7N5A2, Canada; School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, PR China; Zoology Dept. and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
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Weatherly LM, Gosse JA. Triclosan exposure, transformation, and human health effects. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 20:447-469. [PMID: 29182464 PMCID: PMC6126357 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1399306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial used so ubiquitously that 75% of the US population is likely exposed to this compound via consumer goods and personal care products. In September 2016, TCS was banned from soap products following the risk assessment by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, TCS still remains, at high concentrations, in other personal care products such as toothpaste, mouthwash, hand sanitizer, and surgical soaps. TCS is readily absorbed into human skin and oral mucosa and found in various human tissues and fluids. The aim of this review was to describe TCS exposure routes and levels as well as metabolism and transformation processes. The burgeoning literature on human health effects associated with TCS exposure, such as reproductive problems, was also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Weatherly
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Julie A. Gosse
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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14
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Papamokos G, Silins I. Combining QSAR Modeling and Text-Mining Techniques to Link Chemical Structures and Carcinogenic Modes of Action. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:284. [PMID: 27625608 PMCID: PMC5003827 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need for new reliable non-animal based methods to predict and test toxicity of chemicals. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), a computer-based method linking chemical structures with biological activities, is used in predictive toxicology. In this study, we tested the approach to combine QSAR data with literature profiles of carcinogenic modes of action automatically generated by a text-mining tool. The aim was to generate data patterns to identify associations between chemical structures and biological mechanisms related to carcinogenesis. Using these two methods, individually and combined, we evaluated 96 rat carcinogens of the hematopoietic system, liver, lung, and skin. We found that skin and lung rat carcinogens were mainly mutagenic, while the group of carcinogens affecting the hematopoietic system and the liver also included a large proportion of non-mutagens. The automatic literature analysis showed that mutagenicity was a frequently reported endpoint in the literature of these carcinogens, however, less common endpoints such as immunosuppression and hormonal receptor-mediated effects were also found in connection with some of the carcinogens, results of potential importance for certain target organs. The combined approach, using QSAR and text-mining techniques, could be useful for identifying more detailed information on biological mechanisms and the relation with chemical structures. The method can be particularly useful in increasing the understanding of structure and activity relationships for non-mutagens.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Papamokos
- Department of Physics and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard UniversityCambridge, MA, USA; Department of Physics, University of IoanninaIoannina, Greece; Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and TechnologyHeraklion, Greece
| | - Ilona Silins
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Wang X, Yang C, Ihsan A, Luo X, Guo P, Cheng G, Dai M, Chen D, Liu Z, Yuan Z. High risk of adrenal toxicity of N1-desoxy quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide derivatives and the protection of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) in the inhibition of the expression of aldosterone synthetase in H295R cells. Toxicology 2016; 341-343:1-16. [PMID: 26802905 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide derivatives (QdNOs) with a wide range of biological activities are used in animal husbandry worldwide. It was found that QdNOs significantly inhibited the gene expression of CYP11B1 and CYP11B2, the key aldosterone synthases, and thus reduced aldosterone levels. However, whether the metabolites of QdNOs have potential adrenal toxicity and the role of oxidative stress in the adrenal toxicity of QdNOs remains unclear. The relatively new QdNOs, cyadox (CYA), mequindox (MEQ), quinocetone (QCT) and their metabolites, were selected for elucidation of their toxic mechanisms in H295R cells. Interestingly, the results showed that the main toxic metabolites of QCT, MEQ, and CYA were their N1-desoxy metabolites, which were more harmful than other metabolites and evoked dose and time-dependent cell damage on adrenal cells and inhibited aldosterone production. Gene and protein expression of CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 and mRNA expression of transcription factors, such as NURR1, NGFIB, CREB, SF-1, and ATF-1, were down regulated by N1-desoxy QdNOs. The natural inhibitors of oxidant stress, oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC), could upregulate the expression of diverse transcription factors, including CYP11B1 and CYP11B2, and elevated aldosterone levels to reduce adrenal toxicity. This study demonstrated for the first time that N1-desoxy QdNOs have the potential to be the major toxic metabolites in adrenal toxicity, which may shed new light on the adrenal toxicity of these fascinating compounds and help to provide a basic foundation for the formulation of safety controls for animal products and the design of new QdNOs with less harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chunhui Yang
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Awais Ihsan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Xun Luo
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Pu Guo
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guyue Cheng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Menghong Dai
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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16
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Degger N, Tse ACK, Wu RSS. Silver nanoparticles disrupt regulation of steroidogenesis in fish ovarian cells. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 169:143-151. [PMID: 26546908 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the influx of silver nanoparticles (nAg) into the marine environment, their effects on fish reproduction remain completely unexplored. Using ovarian primary cells from marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma), in vitro studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of two differently coated nAg particles (Oleic Acid, (OA) nAg and Polyvinylpyrrolidone, (PVP) nAg) on fish ovarian tissues, using AgNO3 as a positive control. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay and expression of key genes regulating steroidogenesis (StAR, CYP 19a, CYP 11a, 3βHSD and 20βHSD) were determined by Q-RT-PCR. EC50 values for PVP nAg, OA nAg and AgNO3 were 7.25μgL(-1), 924.4μgL(-1), and 42.0μgL(-1) respectively, showing that toxicity of silver was greatly enhanced in the PVP coated nano-form. Down regulation of CYP 19a was observed in both nAg and AgNO3 treatments, while down regulation of 3βHSD was only found in the OA nAg and AgNO3 treatments. For the first time, our results demonstrated that nAg can affect specific genes regulating steroidogenesis, implicating nAg as a potential endocrine disruptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Degger
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Anna C K Tse
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Rudolf S S Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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17
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Morales M, Martínez-Paz P, Martín R, Planelló R, Urien J, Martínez-Guitarte JL, Morcillo G. Transcriptional changes induced by in vivo exposure to pentachlorophenol (PCP) in Chironomus riparius (Diptera) aquatic larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 157:1-9. [PMID: 25306060 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) has been extensively used worldwide as a pesticide and biocide and is frequently detected in the aquatic environment. In the present work, the toxicity of PCP was investigated in Chironomus riparius aquatic larvae. The effects following short- and long-term exposures were evaluated at the molecular level by analyzing changes in the transcriptional profile of different endocrine genes, as well as in genes involved in the stress response and detoxification. Interestingly, although no differences were found after 12- and 24-h treatments, at 96-h exposures PCP was able to induce significant increases in transcripts from the ecdysone receptor gene (EcR), the early ecdysone-inducible E74 gene, the estrogen-related receptor gene (ERR), the Hsp70 gene and the CYP4G gene. In contrast, the Hsp27 gene appeared to be downregulated, while the ultraspiracle gene (usp) (insect ortholog of the retinoid X receptor) was not altered in any of the conditions assayed. Moreover, Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) activity was not affected. The results obtained show the ability of PCP to modulate transcription of different biomarker genes from important cellular metabolic activities, which could be useful in genomic approaches to monitoring. In particular, the significant upregulation of hormonal genes represents the first evidence at the genomic level of the potential endocrine disruptive effects of PCP on aquatic invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Morales
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Senda del Rey 9, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Pedro Martínez-Paz
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Senda del Rey 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Raquel Martín
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Senda del Rey 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Rosario Planelló
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Senda del Rey 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Josune Urien
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Senda del Rey 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez-Guitarte
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Senda del Rey 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Gloria Morcillo
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED, Senda del Rey 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
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18
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Wang S, Hao C, Gao Z, Chen J, Qiu J. Theoretical investigations on direct photolysis mechanisms of polychlorinated diphenyl ethers. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 111:7-12. [PMID: 24997893 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) are a focus of current environmental concern as a group of ubiquitous potential persistent organic pollutants. There are still significant gaps in our knowledge concerning the photolysis mechanisms of PCDEs. In this study, the direct photolysis mechanisms of PCDEs were investigated by density functional theory. The direct photolysis of PCDEs has three potential reaction pathways including photodechlorination, C-O bond photodissociation, and PCDFs formation. Taking a representative PCDE (i.e., CDE8) for example, we found that C-Cl bond dissociation is the rate-determining step for the photodechlorination. Chlorobenzene is predicted to be photoproduct of CDE8 through the photodissociation of the C-O bond. Furthermore, the calculated mean bond dissociation energies of both C-Cl and C-O bonds of 20 PCDEs decrease with the increased degree of chlorination. It is also found that the photoactivity of PCDEs increases with an increase of chlorination degree by evaluating the average charge of Cl atoms and mean bond dissociation energies of C-Cl and C-O bonds from reaction thermodynamics. Our findings provided a new insight into the mechanisms of direct photolysis of PCDEs, which may be useful in the future in utilizing quantum chemistry calculation in investigating the behavior and fate of organic pollutants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ce Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Zhanxian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Comparative proteomic analysis of ovary for Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) exposed to chlorophenol chemicals. J Proteomics 2014; 110:172-82. [PMID: 25106787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) are suspected of disrupting the endocrine system and thus affecting human and wildlife reproduction, but the potential common mechanisms and biomarkers of chlorophenols (CPs) in the ovary are not fully elucidated. In the present study, the female rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) was exposed to PCP (0.5, 5.0, and 50 μg/L), TCP (1.0, 10, and 100 μg/L) and 17β-estradiol (as a positive control) for 28 days, and the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) tandem time-of-flight (TOF/TOF) mass spectrometry analysis was employed to investigate the alteration of protein expression in the ovary. After comparison of the protein profiles from treated and control groups, 22 protein spots were observed to be altered in abundance (>2-fold) from female treated groups, and 14 protein spots were identified successfully. These proteins were related to molecular response patterns, endocrine effects, metabolic pathways, and even the possible carcinogens in response to CP exposure. The seven differentially expressed mRNA encoding proteins were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) and histopathology was also measured. Our data demonstrate that alterations of multiple pathways may be associated with the toxic effects of CPs on ovaries. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Although numerous studies have shown the affection of the endocrine system with exposure to chlorophenols (CPs), there is little report on the alterations of protein expression in the ovaries from rare minnows following exposure to PCP or TCP. In the present study, a comparative proteomic approach using two dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS) has been developed to identify certain proteins in the ovaries of Chinese rare minnow, whose abundance changes during exposure to CPs. After comparison of the protein profiles from treated and control groups, 22 protein spots were observed to be altered in abundance (>2-fold) from female treated groups, and 14 protein spots were identified successfully. These proteins were related to molecular response patterns, endocrine effects, metabolic pathways, and even the possible carcinogens in response to CP exposure. Because the mechanism often involves changes in the expression of multiple proteins rather than a single protein, a global analysis of the protein alterations can result in valuable information to understand the CP action mechanism. All the above results demonstrate that the Vtg, SUMO, Lec-3 and PIMT protein are potential biomarkers and involved in the toxicity pathway of CP exposure in aquatic animals, which should be the primary focus of studies on the CP ovary toxicity mechanism in the future.
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Kim S, Lee S, Kim C, Liu X, Seo J, Jung H, Ji K, Hong S, Park J, Khim JS, Yoon S, Lee W, Park J, Choi K. In vitro and in vivo toxicities of sediment and surface water in an area near a major steel industry of Korea: endocrine disruption, reproduction, or survival effects combined with instrumental analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 470-471:1509-1516. [PMID: 24016722 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The influence of industrial and/or municipal contaminant inputs on the aquatic environment of Pohang, Korea was investigated, with a focus on bioassay combined with instrumental analysis. Pohang is the most heavily populated city in Gyeongsangbuk-do province of Korea, with more than half a million residents, and also hosts the nation's biggest steel manufacturer and related industries. Sediment (n=15) and surface water samples (n=17) were collected from Hyeongsan River which runs across the Pohang city, in two separate events, i.e., June 2010 and February 2011. Sediment samples were first Soxhlet-extracted (raw extract) and were measured for estrogenicity using H295R cell line, and also analyzed for alkylphenols (APs), bisphenol A (BPA), PAHs, and PCBs. For sediment samples which exhibited greatest effects in the cell line, further fractionation was performed into non-polar, mid-polar, and polar portions. In surface water samples, heavy metals were also analyzed. Among 15 sediment samples, station S2 near the steel industry complex and station M3 near the municipal area showed the greatest sex hormone changes, and these changes were generally explained by the fractions which contained APs and BPA. Principal component analysis (PCA) however suggests that chemicals that were not analyzed in the present study would better explain endocrine disruption capacity of sediments. In water samples, adverse effects on hatchability and growth of Japanese medaka fish, and on Daphnia reproduction were noted following exposure to six water samples collected from stations near industrial and municipal areas. Several heavy metals and nonylphenol (NP) concentrations exceeded surface water quality guidelines, suggesting adverse effects of contamination inputs from both industrial and municipal activities. Observed estrogenicities in stations such as S2 and M3 warrant further investigations on longer term ecosystem impacts near industrial and municipal areas. The levels of major organic chemicals in sediments are quite comparable to those reported in ~10 years ago, emphasizing a need for source control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmi Kim
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Lee
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Kim
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoshan Liu
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Seo
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyorin Jung
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Ji
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Hong
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsoon Park
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokmin Yoon
- Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Lee
- College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongim Park
- College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Liu C, Yu H, Zhang X. Zebrafish embryos/larvae for rapid determination of effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) and hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis: mRNA expression. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:2327-2332. [PMID: 24034824 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To identify and prioritize chemicals that may affect thyroid and adrenal/interregnal endocrine system and to reduce cost and animal use by conventional toxicity assay, an in vivo screening assay was developed using zebrafish embryos/larvae based on measurement of expression of genes that were suggested to play important roles in hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) and hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis. Model chemicals that could modulate HPT and HPI axis in adult fish were selected in assay validation, including anti-thyroid agent 6-Propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) and cytochrome P450 11B (Cyp11b) enzyme inhibitor metyrapone (MET). Zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of model chemical from 4h post-fertilization (hpf) to 5d post-fertilization (dpf). Exposure to PTU increased mRNA expression of sodium iodide symporter (nis) and thyroglobulin (tg) involved in HPT axis, and MET treatment up-regulated all the mRNA expression tested involved in HPI axis by a compensatory mechanism. These results suggested that HPT and HPI axis were active upon chemical exposure at least at 5 dpf zebrafish. Furthermore, we studied the effects of PTU or MET on the cross-talk between HPT and HPI axis. The results demonstrated that PTU and MET could affect cross-talk responses in zebrafish embryos/larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse & School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Qin Y, Chen M, Wu W, Xu B, Tang R, Chen X, Du G, Lu C, Meeker JD, Zhou Z, Xia Y, Wang X. Interactions between urinary 4-tert-octylphenol levels and metabolism enzyme gene variants on idiopathic male infertility. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59398. [PMID: 23555028 PMCID: PMC3598701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Octylphenol (OP) and Trichlorophenol (TCP) act as endocrine disruptors and have effects on male reproductive function. We studied the interactions between 4-tert-Octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-n- Octylphenol (4-n-OP), 2,3,4-Trichlorophenol (2,3,4-TCP), 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP) urinary exposure levels and polymorphisms in selected xenobiotic metabolism enzyme genes among 589 idiopathic male infertile patients and 396 controls in a Han-Chinese population. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to measure alkylphenols and chlorophenols in urine. Polymorphisms were genotyped using the SNPstream platform and the Taqman method. Among four phenols that were detected, we found that only exposure to 4-t-OP increased the risk of male infertility (P(trend) = 1.70×10(-7)). The strongest interaction was between 4-t-OP and rs4918758 in CYP2C9 (P(inter) = 6.05×10(-7)). It presented a significant monotonic increase in risk estimates for male infertility with increasing 4-t-OP exposure levels among men with TC/CC genotype (low level compared with non-exposed, odds ratio (OR) = 2.26, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.06, 4.83; high level compared with non-exposed, OR = 9.22, 95% CI = 2.78, 30.59), but no associations observed among men with TT genotype. We also found interactions between 4-t-OP and rs4986894 in CYP2C19, and between rs1048943 in CYP1A1, on male infertile risk (P(inter) = 8.09×10(-7), P(inter) = 3.73×10(-4), respectively).We observed notable interactions between 4-t-OP exposure and metabolism enzyme gene polymorphisms on idiopathic infertility in Han-Chinese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - John D. Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zuomin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (YX); (XW)
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (YX); (XW)
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Abarikwu SO, Pant AB, Farombi EO. Effects of quercetin on mRNA expression of steroidogenesis genes in primary cultures of Leydig cells treated with atrazine. Toxicol In Vitro 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zheng R, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Yang L, Zhang Z, Huang F. Occupational exposure to pentachlorophenol causing lymphoma and hematopoietic malignancy for two generations. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 31:328-42. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233712472520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is characterized as likely carcinogen of lymphoma and hematopoietic neoplasm. But the carcinogenicity to human was uncertain based on population studies. A systematic review was conducted to explore two kinds of associations, one was between the workers exposed to PCP with lymphoma and hematopoietic neoplasm, the other was between childhood lymphoma and leukemia with their parents exposed to PCP. Methods: Systematic search for epidemiologic studies was carried out and the data were collected from MEDLINE database and from the reference lists of relevant studies. Data were extracted from 20 included studies published between 1986 and 2012. Results: The meta-analysis suggested a significant association between lymphoma and workers’ occupational exposing to PCP, for the pooled odds ratio = 2.57 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.52–4.35). The subgroup analysis indicated significant association for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, but not for Hodgkin’s disease. The cohort studies also showed comparatively higher relative risk (RR) and standardized mortality ratio (SMR). Two of the cohort studies found increased RR as the cumulative exposure time added. Another cohort study discovered that the white males had significantly elevated non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma mortality (SMR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.15–3.17), and males of other races had increased leukemia mortality (SMR = 4.57, 95% CI = 1.25–11.7). For the relationship of childhood leukemia and parental exposure to PCP, three published studies suggested an increased risk of childhood leukemia because of their parental exposure to PCP at the preconception period. Conclusion: Our review provided the evidence that occupational exposure of workers to PCP might increase the risk of lymphoma and hematopoietic neoplasm in themselves and in their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Contributed equally
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Contributed equally
| | - Qinghe Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Li Z, Yin N, Liu Q, Wang C, Wang T, Wang Y, Qu G, Liu J, Cai Y, Zhou Q, Jiang G. Effects of polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN on steroidogenesis in H295R cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 90:1227-1235. [PMID: 23084589 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-(γ)-2-benzopyran (HHCB) and 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (AHTN) are widely used in personal care products. Previous studies showed that HHCB and AHTN can be found in various environmental matrices and have potential endocrine disrupting effects. However, the effects on adrenocortical function of HHCB and AHTN are not fully understood. This study evaluated the influences of HHCB and AHTN on seven steroid hormones (progesterone, aldosterone, cortisol, 17α-OH-progesterone, androstenedione, 17β-estradiol, and testosterone) and 10 genes involved in steroidogenic pathways (HMGR, StAR, CYP11A1, 3βHSD2, CYP17, CYP21, CYP11B1, CYP11B2, 17βHSD, and CYP19) using the H295R cell line in the absence and presence of 8-Br-cAMP. MC2R transcription on the cell membrane was also examined to further investigate the effects of HHCB and AHTN on adrenal steroidogenesis. The results demonstrated that HHCB and AHTN could inhibit progesterone and cortisol production mainly by the suppression of 3βHSD2 and CYP21. Meanwhile, high concentrations of AHTN can affect the sensitivity of H295R cells to ACTH by disrupting MC2R transcription. Overall, the results indicate that high concentrations of HHCB and AHTN can affect steroidogenesis in vitro using the H295R cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuona Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Xing L, Liu H, Giesy JP, Yu H. pH-dependent aquatic criteria for 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 441:125-131. [PMID: 23137977 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to their agricultural as well as industrial uses, 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP), and pentachlorophenol (PCP) are ubiquitous in the environment and recognized as priority pollutants in many countries. In this study, effects of pH on toxicity to the crustacean Daphnia magna and the alga Scenedesmus obliquus were investigated. Combined published toxicity data of the three chlorophenols along with; relationships between toxicity and pH reported here were used to establish pH-dependent water quality criteria (WQC). The WQC expressed as a function of pH, also considered intra-species variation and proportions of taxonomic groups. At pH 7.8, the recommended acute exposure water quality criteria (WQC) were 286.2 μg 2,4-DCP/l, 341.5 μg 2,4,6-TCP/l and 11.4 μg PCP/l. The recommended chronic exposure WQC were 16.3 μg 2,4-DCP/l, 54.6 μg 2,4,6-TCP/land 3.9 μg PCP/l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 20046, China
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Xing L, Sun J, Liu H, Yu H. Combined toxicity of three chlorophenols 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol to Daphnia magna. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 14:1677-83. [PMID: 22618410 DOI: 10.1039/c2em30185g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of single and combined mixtures of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP), and pentachlorophenol (PCP) to Daphnia magna was studied. The toxicity ranking of these three single chlorophenols (CPs) to Daphnia magna was PCP > 2,4-DCP > 2,4,6-TCP. The toxic units (TU) approach was used to estimate the combined effects in experiments, the median effective concentration (EC(50)) values were 0.87-1.21 and 0.46-0.59 for binary and ternary mixtures, respectively. Response surface models of General Linear Models (R(2) > 0.90, residual deviation < 3.25) were established for all three binary mixtures. The toxicity for ternary mixtures based on the EC(50)-value and 10% effective concentration (EC(10))-value fixed mixture ratio presented a synergism. The risk based on the single CP's toxicity test may be underestimated. In addition, four approaches (concentration addition, toxicity equivalency factors, effect summation, and independent action) were used for the calculation of combined effects of the mixture. The experimental results showed that concentration addition and toxicity equivalency factor approaches were effective methods for calculation of additive effects of mixtures from binary systems of CPs; while independent action and effect summation (low simulated tail) predicted lower toxicity than experimental results. Limitations of the traditional focus on the effects of single agents were highlighted; hazard assessments ignoring the possibility of joint action of CPs will almost certainly lead to significant underestimations of risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 20046, China
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Ma Y, Han J, Guo Y, Lam PKS, Wu RSS, Giesy JP, Zhang X, Zhou B. Disruption of endocrine function in in vitro H295R cell-based and in in vivo assay in zebrafish by 2,4-dichlorophenol. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 106-107:173-81. [PMID: 22155427 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols in the aquatic environment have been of concern due to their potential effects on human and wildlife. In the present study, the endocrine disrupting effects of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro assay, H295R human adrenocortical carcinoma cells were used to determine the potential effects of 2,4-DCP on steroidogenesis. Exposure to 0, 0.1, 0.3 or 1.0 mg 2,4-DCP/L resulted in less production of 17β-estradiol (E2) and alterations in transcript expressions of genes involved in steroidogenesis, including cytochrome P450 (CYP11A, CYP17, CYP19), 3βHSD, 17βHSD and StAR. In the in vivo study, effects of 0, 0.03, 0.1 or 0.3 mg 2,4-DCP/L on concentrations of steroid hormones in plasma of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) were measured and expression of mRNA of selected genes in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and liver were determined. Exposure of zebrafish to 2,4-DCP resulted in lesser concentrations of E2 accompanied by down-regulation of CYP19A mRNA in the females. In males, exposure to 2,4-DCP resulted in greater concentrations of testosterone (T) and E2 along with greater mRNA expression of CYP17 and CYP19A. The mRNA expression of prostaglandin synthase (Ptgs2) gene, which regulates ovulation, was down-regulated in females, but up-regulated in males. The hepatic estrogenic receptor (ERα and ERβ) and vitellogenin (VTG1 and VTG3) mRNAs were up-regulated in both females and males. The average number of eggs spawned was significantly less upon exposure to 2,4-DCP. Exposure of adult zebrafish to 2,4-DCP resulted in lesser rates of hatching of eggs. The results demonstrated that 2,4-DCP modulates transcription of steroidogenetic genes in both H295R cells and in the zebrafish HPG-axis and disrupts steroidogenesis, which in turn, can cause adverse effects on reproduction in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Usefulness of a PARAFAC decomposition in the fiber selection procedure to determine chlorophenols by means SPME-GC-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 403:1095-107. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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