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Cancelarich NL, Arrulo M, Gugliotti ST, Barbosa EA, Moreira DC, Basso NG, Pérez LO, Teixeira C, Gomes P, de la Torre BG, Albericio F, Eaton P, Leite JRSA, Marani MM. First Bioprospecting Study of Skin Host-Defense Peptides in Odontophrynus americanus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1714-1724. [PMID: 38900961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The adaptation of amphibians to diverse environments is closely related to the characteristics of their skin. The complex glandular system of frog skin plays a pivotal role in enabling these animals to thrive in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats and consists of crucial functions such as respiration and water balance as well as serving as a defensive barrier due to the secretion of bioactive compounds. We herein report the first investigation on the skin secretion of Odontophrynus americanus, as a potential source of bioactive peptides and also as an indicator of its evolutionary adaptations to changing environments. Americanin-1 was isolated and identified as a neutral peptide exhibiting moderate antibacterial activity against E. coli. Its amphipathic sequence including 19 amino acids and showing a propensity for α-helix structure is discussed. Comparisons of the histomorphology of the skin of O. americanus with other previously documented species within the same genus revealed distinctive features in the Patagonian specimen, differing from conspecifics from other Argentine provinces. The presence of the Eberth-Katschenko layer, a prevalence of iridophores, and the existence of glycoconjugates in its serous glands suggest that the integument is adapted to retain skin moisture. This adaptation is consistent with the prevailing aridity of its native habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Cancelarich
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bvd. Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn, Argentina U9120ACD
| | - Miriam Arrulo
- School of Medicine and Population Health, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Eder A Barbosa
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Síntese e Análise de Biomoléculas, LSAB, Instituto de Química-UnB, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Moreira
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Néstor G Basso
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus), CONICET, Bvd. Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn, Argentina U9120ACD
| | - Luis Orlando Pérez
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (IPCSH), CONICET, Bvd. Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn, Argentina U9120ACD
| | - Cátia Teixeira
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Gyros Protein Technologies, Inc., Tucson, Arizona 85714, United States
| | - Paula Gomes
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- Kwazulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
- Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Eaton
- Bridge, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7EL, United Kingdom
| | - José R S A Leite
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, UnB, Brasília, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Mariela M Marani
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bvd. Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn, Argentina U9120ACD
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Velkova L, Dolashki A, Petrova V, Pisareva E, Kaynarov D, Kermedchiev M, Todorova M, Dolashka P. Antibacterial Properties of Peptide and Protein Fractions from Cornu aspersum Mucus. Molecules 2024; 29:2886. [PMID: 38930951 PMCID: PMC11206429 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery and investigation of new natural compounds with antimicrobial activity are new potential strategies to reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The presented study reveals, for the first time, the promising antibacterial potential of two fractions from Cornu aspersum mucus with an MW < 20 kDa and an MW > 20 kDa against five bacterial pathogens-Bacillus cereus 1085, Propionibacterium acnes 1897, Salmonella enterica 8691, Enterococcus faecalis 3915, and Enterococcus faecium 8754. Using de novo sequencing, 16 novel peptides with potential antibacterial activity were identified in a fraction with an MW < 20 kDa. Some bioactive compounds in a mucus fraction with an MW > 20 kDa were determined via a proteomic analysis on 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and bioinformatics. High homology with proteins and glycoproteins was found, with potential antibacterial activity in mucus proteins named aspernin, hemocyanins, H-lectins, and L-amino acid oxidase-like protein, as well as mucins (mucin-5AC, mucin-5B, mucin-2, and mucin-17). We hypothesize that the synergy between the bioactive components determined in the composition of the fraction > 20 kDa are responsible for the high antibacterial activity against the tested pathogens in concentrations between 32 and 128 µg/mL, which is comparable to vancomycin, but without cytotoxic effects on model eukaryotic cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Additionally, a positive effect, by reducing the levels of intracellular oxidative damage and increasing antioxidant capacity, on S. cerevisiae cells was found for both mucus extract fractions of C. aspersum. These findings may serve as a basis for further studies to develop a new antibacterial agent preventing the development of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Velkova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Aleksandar Dolashki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Ventsislava Petrova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tzankov blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (V.P.); (E.P.)
| | - Emiliya Pisareva
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tzankov blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (V.P.); (E.P.)
| | - Dimitar Kaynarov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Momchil Kermedchiev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Maria Todorova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
- Businesslab Ltd., Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 4A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Pavlina Dolashka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (D.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
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Carrillo JFC, Boaretto AG, Santana DJ, Silva DB. Skin secretions of Leptodactylidae (Anura) and their potential applications. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2024; 30:e20230042. [PMID: 38374940 PMCID: PMC10876013 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2023-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin of anuran species is a protective barrier against predators and pathogens, showing also chemical defense by substances that represent a potential source for bioactive substances. This review describes the current chemical and biological knowledge from the skin secretions of Leptodactylidae species, one of the most diverse neotropical frog families. These skin secretions reveal a variety of substances such as amines (12), neuropeptides (16), and antimicrobial peptides (72). The amines include histamine and its methylated derivatives, tryptamine derivatives and quaternary amines. The peptides of Leptodactylidae species show molecular weight up to 3364 Da and ocellatins are the most reported. The peptides exhibit commonly glycine (G) or glycine-valine (GV) as C-terminal amino acids, and the most common N-terminal amino acids are glutamic acid (E), lysine (K), and valine (V). The substances from Leptodactylidae species have been evaluated against pathogenic microorganisms, particularly Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and the most active peptides showed MIC of 1-15 µM. Furthermore, some compounds showed also pharmacological properties such as immunomodulation, treatment of degenerative diseases, anticancer, and antioxidant. Currently, only 9% of the species in this family have been properly studied, highlighting a large number of unstudied species such as an entire subfamily (Paratelmatobiinae). The ecological context, functions, and evolution of peptides and amines in this family are poorly understood and represent a large field for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. C. Carrillo
- Program in Ecology and Conservation, Institute of Biosciences,
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Laboratory of Systematics and Biogeography of Amphibians and
Reptiles (Mapinguari), Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso
do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry (LaPNEM),
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University
of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Amanda Galdi Boaretto
- Program in Ecology and Conservation, Institute of Biosciences,
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry (LaPNEM),
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition (FACFAN), Federal University
of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Diego J. Santana
- Program in Ecology and Conservation, Institute of Biosciences,
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Laboratory of Systematics and Biogeography of Amphibians and
Reptiles (Mapinguari), Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso
do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Program in Ecology and Conservation, Institute of Biosciences,
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Hong X, Liu X, Su B, Lin J. Improved Antimicrobial Activity of Bovine Lactoferrin Peptide (LFcinB) Based on Rational Design. Protein J 2023; 42:633-644. [PMID: 37568054 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-023-10142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Bovine lactoferrin peptide (LFcinB), as an antimicrobial peptide, is expected to be an alternative of antibiotics owing to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and specific mechanism. However, the weak antimicrobial activity, high hemolysis, and poor stability of LFcinB limited its applications in the field of biomedicine, food and agriculture. In order to improve the antimicrobial activity of LFcinB, five mutants were designed rationally, of which mutant LF4 (M10W/P16R/A24L) showed highest antimicrobial activity. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that the improved antimicrobial activity of LF4 was related to its increased cations, higher amphiphilicity and the extension of the β-sheet in the structure. These studies will highlight the important role of bioinformatic tools in designing ideal biopeptides and lay a foundation for further development of antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Hong
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Xueqian Liu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Bingmei Su
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China.
| | - Juan Lin
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China.
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5
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Conlon JM, Guilhaudis L, Attoub S, Coquet L, Leprince J, Jouenne T, Mechkarska M. Purification, conformational analysis and cytotoxic activities of host-defense peptides from the Tungara frog Engystomops pustulosus (Leptodactylidae; Leiuperinae). Amino Acids 2023; 55:1349-1359. [PMID: 37548712 PMCID: PMC10689532 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03312-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The amphibian family Leptodactylidae is divided into three sub-families: Leiuperinae, Leptodactylinae, and Paratelmatobiinae. Host-defense peptides (HDPs) present in the skins of frogs belonging to the Leptodactylinae have been studied extensively, but information is limited regarding peptides from Leiuperinae species. Peptidomic analysis of norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from the Tungara frog Engystomops pustulosus (Leiuperinae) collected in Trinidad led to the isolation and structural characterization of previously undescribed pustulosin-1 (FWKADVKEIG KKLAAKLAEELAKKLGEQ), [Q28E] pustulosin-1 (pustulosin-2), and pustulosin-3 (DWKETAKELLKKIGAKVAQVISDKLNPAPQ). The primary structures of these peptides do not resemble those of previously described frog skin HDPs. In addition, the secretions contained tigerinin-1EP (GCKTYLIEPPVCT) with structural similarity to the tigerinins previously identified in skin secretions from frogs from the family Dicroglossidae. Pustulosin-1 and -3 adopted extended α-helical conformations in 25% trifluoroethanol-water and in the presence of cell membrane models (sodium dodecylsulfate and dodecylphosphocholine micelles). Pustulosin-1 and -3 displayed cytotoxic activity against a range of human tumor-derived cell lines (A549, MDA-MB-231, and HT29), but their therapeutic potential for development into anti-cancer agents is limited by their comparable cytotoxic activity against non-neoplastic human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The peptides also displayed weak antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (MIC = 125 µM) but were inactive against Staphylococcus aureus. Tigerinin-1EP was inactive against both the tumor-derived cells and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Conlon
- Diabetes Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Laure Guilhaudis
- Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Université Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Samir Attoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laurent Coquet
- CNRS UAR2026, HeRacLeS-PISSARO PBS UMR 6270, Université Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- CNRS UAR2026, HeRacLeS-PISSARO PBS UMR 6270, Université Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
- INSERM, Normandie Université, NorDiC UMR 1239, HeRacLeS, US 51, PRIMACEN, Université Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Thierry Jouenne
- CNRS UAR2026, HeRacLeS-PISSARO PBS UMR 6270, Université Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Milena Mechkarska
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of The West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
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Bale A, Dutta A, Mitra D. Combined charge and hydrophobicity-guided screening of antibacterial peptides: two-level approach to predict antibacterial activity and efficacy. Amino Acids 2023:10.1007/s00726-023-03274-5. [PMID: 37248437 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial peptides can be a potential game changer in the fight against antibiotic resistance. In order for these peptides to become successful antibiotic alternatives, it is essential that they possess high efficacy in addition to just being antibacterial. In this study, we have developed a two-level SVM-based binary classification approach to predict the antibacterial activity of a given peptide (model 1) and thereafter classify its antibacterial efficacy as high/low (model 2) with respect to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against Staphylococcus aureus, one of the most common pathogens. Based on charge and hydrophobicity of amino acids, we developed a sequence-based combined charge and hydrophobicity-guided triad (CHT) as a new method for obtaining features of any peptide. Model 1 with a combination of CHT and amino acid composition (AAC) as the feature representation method resulted in the highest accuracy of 96.7%. Model 2 with CHT as the feature representation method yielded the highest accuracy of 70.9%. Thus, CHT is found to be a potential feature representation method for classifying antibacterial peptides based on both activity and efficacy. Furthermore, we have also used an explainable machine learning algorithm to extract various insights from these models. These insights are found to be in excellent agreement with experimental findings reported in the literature, thus enhancing the dependability of the proposed models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Bale
- Chemical Engineering Department, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal District, Hyderabad, 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Arnab Dutta
- Chemical Engineering Department, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal District, Hyderabad, 500078, Telangana, India.
| | - Debirupa Mitra
- Chemical Engineering Department, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal District, Hyderabad, 500078, Telangana, India.
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Conlon JM, Hunter L, Attoub S, Casciaro B, Mechkarska M, Abdel-Wahab YHA. Antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and insulin-releasing activities of the amphibian host-defense peptide ocellatin-3N and its L-lysine-substituted analogs. J Pept Sci 2023; 29:e3463. [PMID: 36426386 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The host-defense peptide ocellatin-3N (GIFDVLKNLAKGVITSLAS.NH2 ), first isolated from the Caribbean frog Leptodactylus nesiotus, inhibited growth of clinically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as a strain of the major emerging yeast pathogen Candida parapsilosis. Increasing cationicity while maintaining amphipathicity by the substitution Asp4 →Lys increased potency against the microorganisms by between 4- and 16-fold (MIC ≤3 μM) compared with the naturally occurring peptide. The substitution Ala18 →Lys and the double substitution Asp4 →Lys and Ala18 →Lys had less effects on potency. The [D4K] analog also showed 2.5- to 4-fold greater cytotoxic potency against non-small-cell lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells, and colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells (LC50 values in the range of 12-20 μM) compared with ocellatin-3N but was less hemolytic to mouse erythrocytes. However, the peptide showed no selectivity for tumor-derived cells [LC50 = 20 μM for human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)]. Ocellatin-3N and [D4K]ocellatin-3N stimulated the release of insulin from BRIN-BD11 clonal β-cells at concentrations ≥1 nM, and [A18K]ocellatin-3N, at concentrations ≥0.1 nM. No peptide stimulated the release of lactate dehydrogenase at concentrations up to 3 μM, indicating that plasma membrane integrity had been preserved. The three peptides produced an increase in intracellular [Ca2+ ] in BRIN-BD11 cells when incubated at a concentration of 1 μM. In view of its high insulinotropic potency and relatively low hemolytic activity, the [A18K] ocellatin analog may represent a template for the design of agents with therapeutic potential for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Conlon
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Lauren Hunter
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Samir Attoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bruno Casciaro
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Milena Mechkarska
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Yasser H A Abdel-Wahab
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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Liu D, Liu M, Meng D, Mu Y, Wang T, Lv Z. Harsh Sensitivity and Mechanism Exploration of an Antibacterial Peptide Extracted from Walnut Oil Residue Derived from Agro-Industrial Waste. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7460-7470. [PMID: 35671140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) cake meal constitutes a significant amount of solid byproduct from the production of walnut oil, comprising more than 40% protein. However, it is usually not well utilized. Therefore, an antibacterial peptide was obtained by hydrolyzing walnut oil residue protein with pepsin based on the diameter parameters of the antibacterial zone in this research. The purified antibacterial peptide WRPH-II-6 was obtained by two-part purification (ultrafiltration and reversed-phase liquid chromatography) and possessed higher antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (MIC = 1.33 mg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 0.33 mg/mL), and Bacillus subtilis (MIC = 0.66 mg/mL). The amino acid sequence of WRPH-II-6 was identified as TGSAVPSPRASATATMEMAAAMGLMPGSPSSVSAVMSPF, where the presence of a large proportion of hydrophobic amino acid residues, such as alanine, proline, and methionine, explained the marked antibacterial activity of WRPH-II-6. The harsh sensitivity experiment demonstrated that WRPH-II-6 retains the stability of antibacterial activity when exposed to broad-spectrum pH values, variable temperatures, and long-lasting UV irradiation. The antibacterial mechanism of the WRPH-II-6 peptide against S. aureus and B. subtilis involves nonmembrane disruption: the contact of anions and cations causes the folding and collapse of the bacterial cell membrane to achieve the inhibitory effect. The antibacterial mechanism against E. coli is membrane disruption, which markedly disrupts the bacterial cell membrane to achieve the bactericidal effect. Significantly, the walnut residual protein hydrolysate is a potent preservative and antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dehao Meng
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yihan Mu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhaolin Lv
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Process and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Topalova Y, Belouhova M, Velkova L, Dolashki A, Zheleva N, Daskalova E, Kaynarov D, Voelter W, Dolashka P. Effect and Mechanisms of Antibacterial Peptide Fraction from Mucus of C. aspersum against Escherichia coli NBIMCC 8785. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030672. [PMID: 35327474 PMCID: PMC8945727 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptides isolated from the mucus of Cornu aspersum could be prototypes for antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria. Information regarding the mechanisms, effective concentration, and methods of application is an important tool for therapeutic, financial, and ecological regulation and a holistic approach to medical treatment. A peptide fraction with MW < 10 kDa was analyzed by MALDI-TOF-TOF using Autoflex™ III. The strain Escherichia coli NBIMCC 8785 (18 h and 48 h culture) was used. The changes in bacterial structure and metabolic activity were investigated by SEM, fluorescent, and digital image analysis. This peptide fraction had high inhibitory effects in surface and deep inoculations of E. coli of 1990.00 and 136.13 mm2/mgPr/µMol, respectively, in the samples. Thus, it would be effective in the treatment of infections involving bacterial biofilms and homogenous cells. Various deformations of the bacteria and inhibition of its metabolism were discovered and illustrated. The data on the mechanisms of impact of the peptides permitted the formulation of an algorithm for the treatment of infections depending on the phase of their development. The decrease in the therapeutic concentrations will be more sparing to the environment and will lead to a decrease in the cost of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Topalova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.B.); (E.D.)
- Correspondence: or (Y.T.); or (P.D.); Tel.: +359-887193423 (P.D.)
| | - Mihaela Belouhova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.B.); (E.D.)
| | - Lyudmila Velkova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.V.); (A.D.); (D.K.)
| | - Aleksandar Dolashki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.V.); (A.D.); (D.K.)
| | - Nellie Zheleva
- Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, 5 James Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Elmira Daskalova
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.B.); (E.D.)
| | - Dimitar Kaynarov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.V.); (A.D.); (D.K.)
| | - Wolfgang Voelter
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 4, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Pavlina Dolashka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (L.V.); (A.D.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: or (Y.T.); or (P.D.); Tel.: +359-887193423 (P.D.)
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10
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de Sousa NA, Marani MM, Lopes ALF, Silva EM, Barbosa EA, Vasconcelos AG, Kuzniewski FTB, Lustosa SS, Gomes KP, Colugnati DB, Rocha JA, Santos LH, Benquerer MP, Quelemes P, Véras L, Moreira DC, Gadelha KKL, Magalhães PJC, Plácido A, Eaton P, Nicolau L, Medeiros JVR, Leite JRSA. BR-bombesin: a novel bombesin-related peptide from the skin secretion of the Chaco tree frog (Boana raniceps) with physiological gastric effects. Amino Acids 2022; 54:733-747. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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11
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Evaluation the Therapeutic Index of Recombinant Antimicrobial S3 Tetramer-Peptides Expressed in E. coli. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10263-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Coelho GR, da Silva DL, Beraldo-Neto E, Vigerelli H, de Oliveira LA, Sciani JM, Pimenta DC. Neglected Venomous Animals and Toxins: Underrated Biotechnological Tools in Drug Development. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120851. [PMID: 34941689 PMCID: PMC8708286 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the vast repertoire of animal toxins and venoms selected by nature and evolution, mankind opted to devote its scientific attention—during the last century—to a restricted group of animals, leaving a myriad of toxic creatures aside. There are several underlying and justifiable reasons for this, which include dealing with the public health problems caused by envenoming by such animals. However, these studies became saturated and gave rise to a whole group of animals that become neglected regarding their venoms and secretions. This repertoire of unexplored toxins and venoms bears biotechnological potential, including the development of new technologies, therapeutic agents and diagnostic tools and must, therefore, be assessed. In this review, we will approach such topics through an interconnected historical and scientific perspective that will bring up the major discoveries and innovations in toxinology, achieved by researchers from the Butantan Institute and others, and describe some of the major research outcomes from the study of these neglected animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Rabelo Coelho
- Laboratório de Bioquímica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (G.R.C.); (D.L.d.S.); (E.B.-N.)
| | - Daiane Laise da Silva
- Laboratório de Bioquímica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (G.R.C.); (D.L.d.S.); (E.B.-N.)
| | - Emidio Beraldo-Neto
- Laboratório de Bioquímica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (G.R.C.); (D.L.d.S.); (E.B.-N.)
| | - Hugo Vigerelli
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;
| | - Laudiceia Alves de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Moléstias Infecciosas—Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil;
| | - Juliana Mozer Sciani
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Pesquisa, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista 12916-900, Brazil;
| | - Daniel Carvalho Pimenta
- Laboratório de Bioquímica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (G.R.C.); (D.L.d.S.); (E.B.-N.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Nunes LGP, Reichert T, Machini MT. His-Rich Peptides, Gly- and His-Rich Peptides: Functionally Versatile Compounds with Potential Multi-Purpose Applications. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10302-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Muñoz-López J, Oliveira JCL, Michel DAGR, Ferreira CS, Neto FG, Salnikov ES, Verly RM, Bechinger B, Resende JM. Membrane interactions of Ocellatins. Where do antimicrobial gaps stem from? Amino Acids 2021; 53:1241-1256. [PMID: 34251525 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial peptides Ocellatin-LB1, -LB2 and -F1, isolated from frogs, are identical from residue 1 to 22, which correspond to the -LB1 sequence, whereas -LB2 carries an extra N and -F1 additional NKL residues at their C-termini. Despite the similar sequences, previous investigations showed different spectra of activities and biophysical investigations indicated a direct correlation between both membrane-disruptive properties and activities, i.e., ocellatin-F1 > ocellatin-LB1 > ocellatin-LB2. This study presents experimental evidence as well as results from theoretical studies that contribute to a deeper understanding on how these peptides exert their antimicrobial activities and how small differences in the amino acid composition and their secondary structure can be correlated to these activity gaps. Solid-state NMR experiments allied to the simulation of anisotropic NMR parameters allowed the determination of the membrane topologies of these ocellatins. Interestingly, the extra Asn residue at the Ocellatin-LB2 C-terminus results in increased topological flexibility, which is mainly related to wobbling of the helix main axis as noticed by molecular dynamics simulations. Binding kinetics and thermodynamics of the interactions have also been assessed by Surface Plasmon Resonance and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry. Therefore, these investigations allowed to understand in atomic detail the relationships between peptide structure and membrane topology, which are in tune within the series -F1 > > -LB1 ≥ -LB2, as well as how peptide dynamics can affect membrane topology, insertion and binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Muñoz-López
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.,UMR7177, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal , 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jade C L Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Daniel A G R Michel
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina S Ferreira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Francisco Gomes Neto
- Laboratório de Toxinologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Evgeniy S Salnikov
- UMR7177, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal , 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Rodrigo M Verly
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Burkhard Bechinger
- UMR7177, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal , 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jarbas M Resende
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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15
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Isolation and functionalities of bioactive peptides from fruits and vegetables: A reviews. Food Chem 2021; 366:130494. [PMID: 34293544 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides have recently gained more research attention as potential therapies for the management of bodily disorders and metabolic syndromes of delicate health importance. On another note, there is a rising trend on a global scale for the consumption and adoption of fruit and vegetables for the fulfilment of dietary and health needs. Furthermore, fruits and vegetables are being more studied as base materials for the isolation of biologically functional components and accordingly, they have been investigated for their concomitant bioactive peptides. This review focuses on isolation and bio-functional properties of bioactive peptides from fruits and vegetables. This manuscript is potential in serving as a material collection for fundamental consultancy on peptides derived from fruits and vegetables, and further canvasses the necessitation for the use of these food materials as primal matter for such.
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16
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Sapkota M, Adnan Qureshi M, Arif Mahmud S, Balikosa Y, Nguyen C, Boll JM, Pellegrino MW. A nematode-derived, mitochondrial stress signaling-regulated peptide exhibits broad antibacterial activity. Biol Open 2021; 10:268320. [PMID: 34184732 PMCID: PMC8181894 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A dramatic rise of infections with antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens continues to challenge the healthcare field due to the lack of effective treatment regimes. As such, there is an urgent need to develop new antimicrobial agents that can combat these multidrug-resistant superbugs. Mitochondria are central regulators of metabolism and other cellular functions, including the regulation of innate immunity pathways involved in the defense against infection. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is a stress-activated pathway that mitigates mitochondrial dysfunction through the regulation of genes that promote recovery of the organelle. In the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, the UPRmt also mediates an antibacterial defense program that combats pathogen infection, which promotes host survival. We sought to identify and characterize antimicrobial effectors that are regulated during the UPRmt. From our search, we discovered that the antimicrobial peptide CNC-4 is upregulated during this stress response. CNC-4 belongs to the caenacin family of antimicrobial peptides, which are predominantly found in nematodes and are known to have anti-fungal properties. Here, we find that CNC-4 also possesses potent antimicrobial activity against a spectrum of bacterial species and report on its characterization. Summary: The caenacin antimicrobial peptide CNC-4 is regulated by a mitochondrial recovery pathway and exhibits broad antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhab Sapkota
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, 76019 Texas, USA
| | | | - Siraje Arif Mahmud
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, 76019 Texas, USA
| | - Yves Balikosa
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, 76019 Texas, USA
| | - Charlton Nguyen
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, 76019 Texas, USA
| | - Joseph M Boll
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, 76019 Texas, USA
| | - Mark W Pellegrino
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, 76019 Texas, USA
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17
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Pirtskhalava M, Vishnepolsky B, Grigolava M, Managadze G. Physicochemical Features and Peculiarities of Interaction of AMP with the Membrane. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:471. [PMID: 34067510 PMCID: PMC8156082 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are anti-infectives that have the potential to be used as a novel and untapped class of biotherapeutics. Modes of action of antimicrobial peptides include interaction with the cell envelope (cell wall, outer- and inner-membrane). A comprehensive understanding of the peculiarities of interaction of antimicrobial peptides with the cell envelope is necessary to perform a rational design of new biotherapeutics, against which working out resistance is hard for microbes. In order to enable de novo design with low cost and high throughput, in silico predictive models have to be invoked. To develop an efficient predictive model, a comprehensive understanding of the sequence-to-function relationship is required. This knowledge will allow us to encode amino acid sequences expressively and to adequately choose the accurate AMP classifier. A shared protective layer of microbial cells is the inner, plasmatic membrane. The interaction of AMP with a biological membrane (native and/or artificial) has been comprehensively studied. We provide a review of mechanisms and results of interactions of AMP with the cell membrane, relying on the survey of physicochemical, aggregative, and structural features of AMPs. The potency and mechanism of AMP action are presented in terms of amino acid compositions and distributions of the polar and apolar residues along the chain, that is, in terms of the physicochemical features of peptides such as hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, and amphiphilicity. The survey of current data highlights topics that should be taken into account to come up with a comprehensive explanation of the mechanisms of action of AMP and to uncover the physicochemical faces of peptides, essential to perform their function. Many different approaches have been used to classify AMPs, including machine learning. The survey of knowledge on sequences, structures, and modes of actions of AMP allows concluding that only possessing comprehensive information on physicochemical features of AMPs enables us to develop accurate classifiers and create effective methods of prediction. Consequently, this knowledge is necessary for the development of design tools for peptide-based antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Pirtskhalava
- Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi 0160, Georgia; (B.V.); (M.G.); (G.M.)
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18
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Identification of New Ocellatin Antimicrobial Peptides by cDNA Precursor Cloning in the Frame of This Family of Intriguing Peptides. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110751. [PMID: 33138046 PMCID: PMC7693824 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocellatins are a family of antimicrobial peptides found exclusively in the Leptodactylus genus. To date, 10 species have been studied and more than 23 peptides described. Here we report the sequences of five new peptides from the skin of the frog Leptodactylus latrans (Anura: Leptodactylidae) determined by cDNA cloning of the complete prepro-peptide structures. The mature peptides were characterized with in silico tools and compared with those previously described. With 21 amino acid residues, this new set of peptides not previously described in the Leptodactylus genus share between 100 and 76.2% similarity to ocellatin antimicrobial peptides. These novel peptides are cationic and their three-dimensional (3D) structure holds the highly conserved residues G1, D4, K7, and K11 and a high theoretical amphipathic α-helix content. Furthermore, in silico analyses of these new peptides predicted antimicrobial activity. This study is framed in the context of previous work published about ocellatins, and therefore, provides a review of this intriguing family of peptides.
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19
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Barran G, Kolodziejek J, Coquet L, Leprince J, Jouenne T, Nowotny N, Conlon JM, Mechkarska M. Peptidomic Analysis of Skin Secretions of the Caribbean Frogs Leptodactylus insularum and Leptodactylus nesiotus (Leptodactylidae) Identifies an Ocellatin with Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9100718. [PMID: 33092132 PMCID: PMC7588904 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9100718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocellatins are peptides produced in the skins of frogs belonging to the genus Leptodactylus that generally display weak antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria only. Peptidomic analysis of norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from Leptodactylus insularum Barbour 1906 and Leptodactylus nesiotus Heyer 1994, collected in the Icacos Peninsula, Trinidad, led to the purification and structural characterization of five ocellatin-related peptides from L. insularum (ocellatin-1I together with its (1–16) fragment, ocellatin-2I and its (1–16) fragment, and ocellatin-3I) and four ocellatins from L. nesiotus (ocellatin-1N, -2N, -3N, and -4N). While ocellatins-1I, -2I, and -1N showed a typically low antimicrobial potency against Gram-negative bacteria, ocellatin-3N (GIFDVLKNLAKGVITSLAS.NH2) was active against an antibiotic-resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae and reference strains of Escherichia coli, K. pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimurium (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range 31.25–62.5 μM), and was the only peptide active against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 31.25 μM) and Enterococcus faecium (MIC = 62.5 μM). The therapeutic potential of ocellatin-3N is limited by its moderate hemolytic activity (LC50 = 98 μM) against mouse erythrocytes. The peptide represents a template for the design of long-acting, non-toxic, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents for targeting multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gervonne Barran
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of The West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago;
| | - Jolanta Kolodziejek
- Viral Zoonoses, Emerging and Vector-Borne Infections Group, Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria; (J.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Laurent Coquet
- CNRS UMR 6270, PISSARO, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandy University, 76000 Rouen, France; (L.C.); (T.J.)
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Inserm U1239, PRIMACEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandy University, 76000 Rouen, France;
| | - Thierry Jouenne
- CNRS UMR 6270, PISSARO, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandy University, 76000 Rouen, France; (L.C.); (T.J.)
| | - Norbert Nowotny
- Viral Zoonoses, Emerging and Vector-Borne Infections Group, Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria; (J.K.); (N.N.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Helathcare City, P.O. Box 505055, Dubai, UAE
| | - J. Michael Conlon
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
- Correspondence: (J.M.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Milena Mechkarska
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of The West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago;
- Correspondence: (J.M.C.); (M.M.)
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20
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Dolashki A, Velkova L, Daskalova E, Zheleva N, Topalova Y, Atanasov V, Voelter W, Dolashka P. Antimicrobial Activities of Different Fractions from Mucus of the Garden Snail Cornu aspersum. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8090315. [PMID: 32872361 PMCID: PMC7554965 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have long played a major role in medicine and science. The garden snail Cornu aspersum is a rich source of biologically active natural substances that might be an important source for new drugs to treat human disease. Based on our previous studies, nine fractions containing compounds with Mw <3 kDa; <10 kDa; <20 kDa; >20 kDa; >30 kDa>50 kDa and between 3 and 5 kDa; 5 and 10 kDa; and 10 and 30 kDa were purified from the mucus of C. aspersum and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF). Seventeen novel peptides with potential antibacterial activity were identified by de novo MS/MS sequencing using tandem mass spectrometry. The different fractions were tested for antibacterial activity against Gram─ (Pseudomonas aureofaciens and Escherichia coli) and Gram+ (Brevibacillus laterosporus) bacterial strains as well the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens. These results revealed that the peptide fractions exhibit a predominant antibacterial activity against B. laterosporus; the fraction with Mw 10–30 kDa against E. coli; another peptide fraction <20 kDa against P. aureofaciens; and the protein fraction >20 kDa against the bacterial strain C. perfringens. The discovery of new antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from natural sources is of great importance for public health due to the AMPs’ effective antimicrobial activities and low resistance rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Dolashki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (V.A.)
| | - Lyudmila Velkova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (V.A.)
- Correspondence: (L.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Elmira Daskalova
- Sofia University, St. Kliment Ohridski, Faculty of Biology, Department of General and Applied Hydrobiology, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.D.); (N.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - N. Zheleva
- Sofia University, St. Kliment Ohridski, Faculty of Biology, Department of General and Applied Hydrobiology, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.D.); (N.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yana Topalova
- Sofia University, St. Kliment Ohridski, Faculty of Biology, Department of General and Applied Hydrobiology, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (E.D.); (N.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Ventseslav Atanasov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (V.A.)
| | - Wolfgang Voelter
- Interfacultary Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 4, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Pavlina Dolashka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.D.); (V.A.)
- Correspondence: (L.V.); (P.D.)
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21
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Złotek U, Jakubczyk A, Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk K, Ćwiek P, Baraniak B, Lewicki S. Characteristics of New Peptides GQLGEHGGAGMG, GEHGGAGMGGGQFQPV, EQGFLPGPEESGR, RLARAGLAQ, YGNPVGGVGH, and GNPVGGVGHGTTGT as Inhibitors of Enzymes Involved in Metabolic Syndrome and Antimicrobial Potential. Molecules 2020; 25:E2492. [PMID: 32471271 PMCID: PMC7321301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic properties, influence on enzyme activity involved in metabolic syndrome, and antimicrobial activity of synthetic peptides with GQLGEHGGAGMG, GEHGGAGMGGGQFQPV, EQGFLPGPEESGR, RLARAGLAQ, YGNPVGGVGH, and GNPVGGVGHGTTGT sequences. Peptides have no cytotoxic effect on cells. The highest inhibitory effect on angiotensin converting enzyme I was noted for peptide GT-14 (IC50 = 525.63 µg/mL). None of the tested peptides had an influence on α-glucosidase. The highest α-amylase and lipase inhibitory activity was noted for GG-12 (IC50 = 56.72 and 60.62 µg/mL, respectively). The highest lipoxidase inhibitory activity was determined for peptide ER-13 (IC50 = 84.35 µg/mL). Peptide RQ-9 was characterized by the highest COX inhibitory activity (0.31 and 4.77 µg/mL for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively). Only peptide RQ-9 inhibited S. enteritidis ATCC 4931 growth (42%-48%) in all tested concentrations (15.62-250 mg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Złotek
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland; (U.Z.); (P.Ć.); (B.B.)
| | - Anna Jakubczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland; (U.Z.); (P.Ć.); (B.B.)
| | - Kamila Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, St. Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paula Ćwiek
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland; (U.Z.); (P.Ć.); (B.B.)
| | - Barbara Baraniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland; (U.Z.); (P.Ć.); (B.B.)
| | - Sławomir Lewicki
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland;
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22
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Cancelarich NL, Wilke N, Fanani MAL, Moreira DC, Pérez LO, Alves Barbosa E, Plácido A, Socodato R, Portugal CC, Relvas JB, de la Torre BG, Albericio F, Basso NG, Leite JR, Marani MM. Somuncurins: Bioactive Peptides from the Skin of the Endangered Endemic Patagonian Frog Pleurodema somuncurense. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:972-984. [PMID: 32134261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The skin glands of amphibian species hold a major component of their innate immunity, namely a unique set of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Although most of them have common characteristics, differences in AMP sequences allow a huge repertoire of biological activity with varying degrees of efficacy. We present the first study of the AMPs from Pleurodema somuncurence (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae). Among the 11 identified mature peptides, three presented antimicrobial activity. Somuncurin-1 (FIIWPLRYRK), somuncurin-2 (FILKRSYPQYY), and thaulin-3 (NLVGSLLGGILKK) inhibited Escherichia coli growth. Somuncurin-1 also showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Biophysical membrane model studies revealed that this peptide had a greater permeation effect in prokaryotic-like membranes and capacity to restructure liposomes, suggesting fusogenic activity, which could lead to cell aggregation and disruption of cell morphology. This study contributes to the characterization of peptides with new sequences to enrich the databases for the design of therapeutic agents. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of investing in nature conservation and the power of genetic description as a strategy to identify new compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Cancelarich
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas y Técnicas (IPEEC-CONICET), Bv. Almirante Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn U9120ACD, Argentina
| | - Natalia Wilke
- Departamento de Quı́mica Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Quı́mica Biológica de Córdoba, CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Marı A L Fanani
- Departamento de Quı́mica Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5016, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Quı́mica Biológica de Córdoba, CONICET, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Daniel C Moreira
- Área de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brası́lia, Brası́lia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Luis O Pérez
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas y Técnicas (IPCSH-CONICET), Bv. Almirante Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn U9120ACD, Argentina
| | - Eder Alves Barbosa
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brası́lia 70770-917, Brazil
- Laboratório de Sı́ntese e Análise de Biomoléculas, Instituto de Quı́mica, Universidade de Brası́lia, Brası́lia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Plácido
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Quı́mica e Bioquı́mica, Faculdade de Ciéncias da Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renato Socodato
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Camila C Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - João B Relvas
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
- CIBER-BBN (Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine) and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Néstor G Basso
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas y Técnicas (IDEAus-CONICET), Bv. Almirante Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn U9120ACD, Argentina
| | - José R Leite
- Área de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brası́lia, Brası́lia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Mariela M Marani
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı́ficas y Técnicas (IPEEC-CONICET), Bv. Almirante Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn U9120ACD, Argentina
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Shedding Light on the Antimicrobial Peptide Arsenal of Terrestrial Isopods: Focus on Armadillidins, a New Crustacean AMP Family. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11010093. [PMID: 31947541 PMCID: PMC7017220 DOI: 10.3390/genes11010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In crustaceans, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are clustered into four major groups according to their amino acid composition and structure: (1) single-domain peptides containing cysteine residues such as anti-lipopolysaccharide-factor (ALF), (2) multi-domain or chimeric AMPs such as crustins, (3) non-conventional AMPs, and (4) linear single-domain AMPs. The majority of AMPs has been described in commercially exploited crustaceans, particularly decapods living in aquatic environments (crab, shrimp, lobster, and crayfish). Here, we aimed at establishing the AMPs repertoire of terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea), an original suborder of crustaceans adapted to life outside of the aquatic environment. Using transcriptomic data from 21 species, we identified 110 ALF and 73 crustin sequences. We also characterized the full-length sequence of armadillidins from 17 species, similar to the AMP previously described in the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare. Furthermore, we tested the antimicrobial activity of three armadillidin peptides characterized from three distantly related species. This analysis revealed similar activity spectra against pathogens, despite extensive structural variation among the tested peptides. In addition to conventional crustacean AMPs, our work highlights armadillidins as a new and independent family of AMPs specific to the Oniscidea, thus opening new perspectives concerning the study of the immune system of terrestrial isopods.
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Varga JFA, Bui-Marinos MP, Katzenback BA. Frog Skin Innate Immune Defences: Sensing and Surviving Pathogens. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3128. [PMID: 30692997 PMCID: PMC6339944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibian skin is a mucosal surface in direct and continuous contact with a microbially diverse and laden aquatic and/or terrestrial environment. As such, frog skin is an important innate immune organ and first line of defence against pathogens in the environment. Critical to the innate immune functions of frog skin are the maintenance of physical, chemical, cellular, and microbiological barriers and the complex network of interactions that occur across all the barriers. Despite the global decline in amphibian populations, largely as a result of emerging infectious diseases, we understand little regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the innate immune function of amphibian skin and defence against pathogens. In this review, we discuss the structure, cell composition and cellular junctions that contribute to the skin physical barrier, the antimicrobial peptide arsenal that, in part, comprises the chemical barrier, the pattern recognition receptors involved in recognizing pathogens and initiating innate immune responses in the skin, and the contribution of commensal microbes on the skin to pathogen defence. We briefly discuss the influence of environmental abiotic factors (natural and anthropogenic) and pathogens on the immunocompetency of frog skin defences. Although some aspects of frog innate immunity, such as antimicrobial peptides are well-studied; other components and how they contribute to the skin innate immune barrier, are lacking. Elucidating the complex network of interactions occurring at the interface of the frog's external and internal environments will yield insight into the crucial role amphibian skin plays in host defence and the environmental factors leading to compromised barrier integrity, disease, and host mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F A Varga
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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25
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Siano A, Humpola MV, de Oliveira E, Albericio F, Simonetta AC, Lajmanovich R, Tonarelli GG. Leptodactylus latrans Amphibian Skin Secretions as a Novel Source for the Isolation of Antibacterial Peptides. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112943. [PMID: 30423858 PMCID: PMC6278411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibians´ skin produces a diverse array of antimicrobial peptides that play a crucial role as the first line of defense against microbial invasion. Despite the immense richness of wild amphibians in Argentina, current knowledge about the presence of peptides with antimicrobial properties is limited to a only few species. Here we used LC-MS-MS to identify antimicrobial peptides with masses ranging from 1000 to 4000 Da from samples of skin secretions of Leptodactylus latrans (Anura: Leptodactylidae). Three novel amino acid sequences were selected for chemical synthesis and further studies. The three synthetic peptides, named P1-Ll-1577, P2-Ll-1298, and P3-Ll-2085, inhibited the growth of two ATCC strains, namely Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. P3-Ll-2085 was the most active peptide. In the presence of trifluoroethanol (TFE) and anionic liposomes, it adopted an amphipathic α-helical structure. P2-Ll-1298 showed slightly lower activity than P3-Ll-2085. Comparison of the MIC values of these two peptides revealed that the addition of seven amino acid residues (GLLDFLK) on the N-terminal of P2-Ll-1298 significantly improved activity against both strains. P1-Ll-1577, which remarkably is an anionic peptide, showed interesting antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus strain, showing marked membrane selectivity and non-hemolysis. Due to this, P1-L1-1577 emerges as a potential candidate for the development of new antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Siano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1825 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Maria Veronica Humpola
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1825 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Eliandre de Oliveira
- Proteomics Platform, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fernando Albericio
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4000 Durban, South Africa.
| | - Arturo C Simonetta
- Cátedras de Microbiología y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, U.N.L. Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Rafael Lajmanovich
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1825 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Cátedra de Ecotoxicología, Escuela Superior de Sanidad. FBCB, U.N.L. Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Georgina G Tonarelli
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
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26
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Pereira EJP, do Vale JPC, da Silva PT, Lima JDR, Alves DR, Costa PS, Rodrigues THS, de Menezes JESA, de Morais SM, Bandeira PN, Fontenelle RO, Santos HS. Circadian Rhythm, and Antimicrobial and Anticholinesterase Activities of Essential Oils from Vitex gardneriana. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitex gardneriana, popularly known as “jaramataia”, is a shrub commonly found in the caatinga biome located in northeast Brazil. In folk medicine, its leaves have been used as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. Here we describe, for the first time, the chemical composition of the leaf essential oils extracted at 8.00, 12.00 and 17.00 h from V. gardneriana and report on their circadian rhythm, and antimicrobial and anticholinesterase activities. The essential oils’ antifungal activity was evaluated by a broth microdilution method using strains of dermatophytes, fungi and yeasts. The modulatory activity assays were performed by the checkerboard technique using ketoconazole as a standard drug, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity was performed using Ellman's colorimetric method and compared with a reference acetycholinesterase inhibitor (physostigmine). The essential oils extracted from the leaves were analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FID. Twenty-five constituents (94.7%) were identified in the 8 o'clock oil, these being 2 monoterpenes (0.4%) and 23 sesquiterpenes (94.3%). For the essential oil extracted at 12 o'clock, 26 constituents (91.8%) were identified, of which 2 were monoterpenes (0.3%) and 24 sesquiterpenes (91.5%). For the essential oil extracted at 17.00 h, 32 constituents (91.4%) were identified, of which 5 were monoterpenes (3.4%) and 27 sesquiterpenes (88%). The main constituents of the 8.00, 12.00 and 17.00 h essential oils were the sesquiterpenes cis-calamenene (27.9, 24.5 and 25.8%), 6,9-guaiadiene (21.8, 11.2 and 18.4%) and caryophyllene oxide (16.7, 26.3 and 13.8%), respectively. The essential oils showed activity against strains of Trichophyton rubrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evaristo Jose Pires Pereira
- Mestrado Academico em Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Campus do Itaperi, Av. D r. Silas Munguba 1.700, 60.714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jean Parcelli Costa do Vale
- Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Curso de Química, Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Síntese e Biocatálise de Compostos Orgânicos - LBPNSB, Campus Betania, CEP: 62040-370, Sobral-CE, Brazil
| | - Priscila Teixeira da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Curso de Química, Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Síntese e Biocatálise de Compostos Orgânicos - LBPNSB, Campus Betania, CEP: 62040-370, Sobral-CE, Brazil
| | - Joyce dos Reis Lima
- Mestrado Academico em Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Campus do Itaperi, Av. D r. Silas Munguba 1.700, 60.714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniela Ribeiro Alves
- Mestrado Academico em Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Campus do Itaperi, Av. D r. Silas Munguba 1.700, 60.714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Patricia Silva Costa
- Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Campus Betania, CEP: 62040-370, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Tigressa Helena Soares Rodrigues
- Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Curso de Química, Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Síntese e Biocatálise de Compostos Orgânicos - LBPNSB, Campus Betania, CEP: 62040-370, Sobral-CE, Brazil
| | - Jane Eire Silva Alencar de Menezes
- Mestrado Academico em Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Campus do Itaperi, Av. D r. Silas Munguba 1.700, 60.714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Selene Maia de Morais
- Mestrado Academico em Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Campus do Itaperi, Av. D r. Silas Munguba 1.700, 60.714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Paulo Nogueira Bandeira
- Mestrado Academico em Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Campus do Itaperi, Av. D r. Silas Munguba 1.700, 60.714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química Biológica, Departamento de Química Biológica da Universidade Regional do Cariri, no Campus Pimenta II, CEP: 63.100-000, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Raquel O.S. Fontenelle
- Mestrado Academico em Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Campus do Itaperi, Av. D r. Silas Munguba 1.700, 60.714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Campus Betania, CEP: 62040-370, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Hélcio Silva Santos
- Mestrado Academico em Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Ceara, Campus do Itaperi, Av. D r. Silas Munguba 1.700, 60.714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química Biológica, Departamento de Química Biológica da Universidade Regional do Cariri, no Campus Pimenta II, CEP: 63.100-000, Crato, CE, Brazil
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Gomes KAGG, Dos Santos DM, Santos VM, Piló-Veloso D, Mundim HM, Rodrigues LV, Lião LM, Verly RM, de Lima ME, Resende JM. NMR structures in different membrane environments of three ocellatin peptides isolated from Leptodactylus labyrinthicus. Peptides 2018; 103:72-83. [PMID: 29596881 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The peptides ocellatin-LB1, -LB2 and -F1 have previously been isolated from anurans of the Leptodactylus genus and the sequences are identical from residue 1-22, which correspond to ocellatin-LB1 sequence (GVVDILKGAAKDIAGHLASKVM-NH2), whereas ocellatin-LB2 carries an extra N and ocellatin-F1 extra NKL residues at their C-termini. These peptides showed different spectra of activities and biophysical investigations indicated a direct correlation between membrane-disruptive properties and antimicrobial activities, i.e. ocellatin-F1 > ocellatin-LB1 > ocellatin-LB2. To better characterize their membrane interactions, we report here the detailed three-dimensional NMR structures of these peptides in TFE-d2:H2O (60:40) and in the presence of zwitterionic DPC-d38 and anionic SDS-d25 micellar solutions. Although the three peptides showed significant helical contents in the three mimetic environments, structural differences were noticed. When the structures of the three peptides in the presence of DPC-d38 micelles are compared to each other, a more pronounced curvature is observed for ocellatin-F1 and the bent helix, with the concave face composed mostly of hydrophobic residues, is consistent with the micellar curvature and the amphipathic nature of the molecule. Interestingly, an almost linear helical segment was observed for ocellatin-F1 in the presence of SDS-d25 micelles and the conformational differences in the two micellar environments are possibly related to the presence of the extra Lys residue near the peptide C-terminus, which increases the affinity of ocellatin-F1 to anionic membranes in comparison with ocellatin-LB1 and -LB2, as proved by isothermal titration calorimetry. To our knowledge, this work reports for the first time the three-dimensional structures of ocellatin peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla A G G Gomes
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto de Engenharia, Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 39440-000 Janaúba, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniel M Dos Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Virgílio M Santos
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Dorila Piló-Veloso
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Higor M Mundim
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av. Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Leticia V Rodrigues
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av. Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av. Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Verly
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 39100-000 Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena de Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jarbas M Resende
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Xu YG, Chai LH, Shi W, Wang DD, Zhang JY, Xiao XH. Transcriptome profiling and digital gene expression analysis of the skin of Dybowski's frog (Rana dybowskii) exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017. [PMID: 28647779 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, populations of Rana dybowskii, an important amphibian species in Northeast China, have decreased, mainly owing to the disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. However, effective control methods have not yet been developed. In order to explore the immune responses of R. dybowskii upon exposure to A. hydrophila infection, Illumina high-throughput transcriptome sequencing and digital gene expression (DGE) technology were employed to investigate transcriptomic changes in the skin of R. dybowskii exposed to A. hydrophila. In this work, a total of 26,244,446 transcriptome sequencing reads were obtained and assembled into 109,089 unique unigenes using de novo assembly, and a total of 37,105 unigenes (34.0%) were functionally annotated against the non-redundant (Nr), Swiss-Prot, Cluster of Orthologous Groups of Proteins (COG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Ontology (GO) databases. Gene expression changes in the skin tissue of R. dybowskii exposed to A. hydrophila were investigated by a tag-based DGE system, and a total of 1435 significantly differentially expressed genes were identified, including 460 that were up-regulated and 975 that were down-regulated, indicating a large change in the host transcriptome profile exposed to A. hydrophila. Among these, 478 genes were associated with immune-relevant pathways, metabolic pathways, cellular components, growth, migration, and muscle and hormone signaling pathways. We confirmed the differential expression of 106 immune-relevant genes associated with innate and adaptive immune responses. Our data provide a fairly comprehensive molecular biology background for the deeper understanding of the amphibian immune system following A. hydrophila infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Gang Xu
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Long-Hui Chai
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing-Yu Zhang
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Xiao
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
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29
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Marani MM, Perez LO, de Araujo AR, Plácido A, Sousa CF, Quelemes PV, Oliveira M, Gomes-Alves AG, Pueta M, Gameiro P, Tomás AM, Delerue-Matos C, Eaton P, Camperi SA, Basso NG, de Souza de Almeida Leite JR. Thaulin-1: The first antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin of a Patagonian frog Pleurodema thaul (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) with activity against Escherichia coli. Gene 2017; 605:70-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
AIM Toxicity arising from hemolytic activity of peptides hinders its further progress as drug candidates. MATERIALS & METHODS This study describes a sequence-based predictor based on a random forest classifier using amino acid composition, dipeptide composition and physicochemical descriptors (named HemoPred). RESULTS This approach could outperform previously reported method and typical classification methods (e.g., support vector machine and decision tree) verified by fivefold cross-validation and external validation with accuracy and Matthews correlation coefficient in excess of 95% and 0.91, respectively. Results revealed the importance of hydrophobic and Cys residues on α-helix and β-sheet, respectively, on the hemolytic activity. CONCLUSION A sequence-based predictor which is publicly available as the web service of HemoPred, is proposed to predict and analyze the hemolytic activity of peptides.
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Oliveira M, Gomes-Alves AG, Sousa C, Mirta Marani M, Plácido A, Vale N, Delerue-Matos C, Gameiro P, Kückelhaus SAS, Tomas AM, S A Leite JR, Eaton P. Ocellatin-PT antimicrobial peptides: High-resolution microscopy studies in antileishmania models and interactions with mimetic membrane systems. Biopolymers 2017; 105:873-86. [PMID: 27463422 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is not clear, they can interact electrostatically with the cell membranes of microorganisms. New ocellatin-PT peptides were recently isolated from the skin secretion of Leptodactylus pustulatus. The secondary structure of these AMPs and their effect on Leishmania infantum cells, and on different lipid surface models was characterized in this work. The results showed that all ocellatin-PT peptides have an α-helix structure and five of them (PT3, PT4, PT6 to PT8) have leishmanicidal activity; PT1 and PT2 affected the cellular morphology of the parasites and showed greater affinity for leishmania and bacteria-mimicking lipid membranes than for those of mammals. The results show selectivity of ocellatin-PTs to the membranes of microorganisms and the applicability of biophysical methods to clarify the interaction of AMPs with cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, NMT, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - Ana Georgina Gomes-Alves
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CEB, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Carla Sousa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - Mariela Mirta Marani
- PEEC ? CONICET, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Alexandra Plácido
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Gameiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - Selma A S Kückelhaus
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, NMT, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Departmento de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Ana M Tomas
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Roberto S A Leite
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal.,Departmento de Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil
| | - Peter Eaton
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal. .,Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil.
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Gusmão KAG, Dos Santos DM, Santos VM, Cortés ME, Reis PVM, Santos VL, Piló-Veloso D, Verly RM, de Lima ME, Resende JM. Ocellatin peptides from the skin secretion of the South American frog Leptodactylus labyrinthicus (Leptodactylidae): characterization, antimicrobial activities and membrane interactions. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2017; 23:4. [PMID: 28115922 PMCID: PMC5244724 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-017-0094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The availability of antimicrobial peptides from several different natural sources has opened an avenue for the discovery of new biologically active molecules. To the best of our knowledge, only two peptides isolated from the frog Leptodactylus labyrinthicus, namely pentadactylin and ocellatin-F1, have shown antimicrobial activities. Therefore, in order to explore the antimicrobial potential of this species, we have investigated the biological activities and membrane interactions of three peptides isolated from the anuran skin secretion. Methods Three peptide primary structures were determined by automated Edman degradation. These sequences were prepared by solid-phase synthesis and submitted to activity assays against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and against two fungal strains. The hemolytic properties of the peptides were also investigated in assays with rabbit blood erythrocytes. The conformational preferences of the peptides and their membrane interactions have been investigated by circular dichroism spectroscopy and liposome dye release assays. Results The amino acid compositions of three ocellatins were determined and the sequences exhibit 100% homology for the first 22 residues (ocellatin-LB1 sequence). Ocellatin-LB2 carries an extra Asn residue and ocellatin-F1 extra Asn-Lys-Leu residues at C-terminus. Ocellatin-F1 presents a stronger antibiotic potential and a broader spectrum of activities compared to the other peptides. The membrane interactions and pore formation capacities of the peptides correlate directly with their antimicrobial activities, i.e., ocellatin-F1 > ocellatin-LB1 > ocellatin-LB2. All peptides acquire high helical contents in membrane environments. However, ocellatin-F1 shows in average stronger helical propensities. Conclusions The obtained results indicate that the three extra amino acid residues at the ocellatin-F1 C-terminus play an important role in promoting stronger peptide-membrane interactions and antimicrobial properties. The extra Asn-23 residue present in ocellatin-LB2 sequence seems to decrease its antimicrobial potential and the strength of the peptide-membrane interactions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40409-017-0094-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla A G Gusmão
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil.,Instituto de Engenharia, Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Janaúba, MG Brazil
| | - Daniel M Dos Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Virgílio M Santos
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - María Esperanza Cortés
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Pablo V M Reis
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Vera L Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Dorila Piló-Veloso
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Verly
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, MG Brazil
| | - Maria Elena de Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Jarbas M Resende
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
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Verdon J, Coutos-Thevenot P, Rodier MH, Landon C, Depayras S, Noel C, La Camera S, Moumen B, Greve P, Bouchon D, Berjeaud JM, Braquart-Varnier C. Armadillidin H, a Glycine-Rich Peptide from the Terrestrial Crustacean Armadillidium vulgare, Displays an Unexpected Wide Antimicrobial Spectrum with Membranolytic Activity. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1484. [PMID: 27713732 PMCID: PMC5031766 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are key components of innate immunity and are widespread in nature, from bacteria to vertebrate animals. In crustaceans, there are currently 15 distinct AMP families published so far in the literature, mainly isolated from members of the Decapoda order. Up to now, armadillidin is the sole non-decapod AMP isolated from the haemocytes of Armadillidium vulgare, a crustacean isopod. Its first description demonstrated that armadillidin is a linear glycine-rich (47%) cationic peptide with an antimicrobial activity directed toward Bacillus megaterium. In the present work, we report identification of armadillidin Q, a variant of armadillidin H (earlier known as armadillidin), from crude haemocyte extracts of A. vulgare using LC-MS approach. We demonstrated that both armadillidins displayed broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, but were totally inactive against yeasts. Membrane permeabilization assays, only performed with armadillidin H, showed that the peptide is membrane active against bacterial and fungal strains leading to deep changes in cell morphology. This damaging activity visualized by electronic microscopy correlates with a rapid decrease of cell viability leading to highly blebbed cells. In contrast, armadillidin H does not reveal cytotoxicity toward human erythrocytes. Furthermore, no secondary structure could be defined in this study [by circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)] even in a membrane mimicking environment. Therefore, armadillidins represent interesting candidates to gain insight into the biology of glycine-rich AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Verdon
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Pierre Coutos-Thevenot
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Marie-Helene Rodier
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Celine Landon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301 Orléans, France
| | - Segolene Depayras
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Cyril Noel
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Sylvain La Camera
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Bouziane Moumen
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Pierre Greve
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Didier Bouchon
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Marc Berjeaud
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
| | - Christine Braquart-Varnier
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers Poitiers, France
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Antonio CNS, Elnatan BDS, Marcos FABGR, Maria RJRA, Paulo NB, H eacute lcio SDSRP, Selene MDM, Raquel ODSF, Carolina SDPC. Cytotoxicity, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from Eupatorium ballotifolium Kunth (Asteraceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/ajpp2016.4537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Cunha Neto RDS, Vigerelli H, Jared C, Antoniazzi MM, Chaves LB, da Silva ADCR, Melo RLD, Sciani JM, Pimenta DC. Synergic effects between ocellatin-F1 and bufotenine on the inhibition of BHK-21 cellular infection by the rabies virus. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2015; 21:50. [PMID: 26635873 PMCID: PMC4668702 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-015-0048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rabies is an incurable neglected zoonosis with worldwide distribution characterized as a lethal progressive acute encephalitis caused by a lyssavirus. Animal venoms and secretions have long been studied as new bioactive molecular sources, presenting a wide spectrum of biological effects, including new antiviral agents. Bufotenine, for instance, is an alkaloid isolated from the skin secretion of the anuran Rhinella jimi that inhibits cellular penetration by the rabies virus. Antimicrobial peptides, such as ocellatin-P1 and ocellatin-F1, are present in the skin secretion of anurans from the genus Leptodactylus and provide chemical defense against predators and microorganisms. Methods Skin secretion from captive Leptodactylus labyrinthicus was collected by mechanical stimulation, analyzed by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, and assayed for antiviral and cytotoxic activities. Synthetic peptides were obtained using solid phase peptide synthesis, purified by liquid chromatography and structurally characterized by mass spectrometry, and assayed in the same models. Cytotoxicity assays based on changes in cellular morphology were performed using baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells. Fixed Rabies virus (Pasteur Virus – PV) strain was used for virological assays based on rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test. Results Herein, we describe a synergic effect between ocellatin-F1 and bufotenine. This synergism was observed when screening the L. labyrinthicus skin secretion for antiviral activities. The active fraction major component was the antimicrobial peptide ocellatin-F1. Nevertheless, when the pure synthetic peptide was assayed, little antiviral activity was detectable. In-depth analyses of the active fraction revealed the presence of residual alkaloids together with ocellatin-F1. By adding sub-effective doses (e.g. < IC50) of pure bufotenine to synthetic ocellatin-F1, the antiviral effect was regained. Moreover, a tetrapetide derived from ocellatin-F1, based on alignment with the virus’s glycoprotein region inferred as a possible cell ligand, was able to maintain the synergic antiviral activity displayed by the full peptide. Conclusions This novel antiviral synergic effect between a peptide and an alkaloid may present an innovative lead for the study of new antiviral drugs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40409-015-0048-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Dos Santos Cunha Neto
- Butantan Institute, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, São Paulo, SP 05503-900 Brazil ; Pasteur Institute, Laboratory of Rabies Diagnostic, Serology, Avenida Paulista, 393, São Paulo, 01311-000 SP Brazil
| | - Hugo Vigerelli
- Butantan Institute, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, São Paulo, SP 05503-900 Brazil
| | - Carlos Jared
- Butantan Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Av Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo, 05503-900 SP Brazil
| | - Marta Maria Antoniazzi
- Butantan Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Av Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo, 05503-900 SP Brazil
| | - Luciana Botelho Chaves
- Pasteur Institute, Laboratory of Rabies Diagnostic, Serology, Avenida Paulista, 393, São Paulo, 01311-000 SP Brazil
| | | | - Robson Lopes de Melo
- Butantan Institute, Special Laboratory of Toxinology, Av Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo, 05503-900 SP Brazil
| | - Juliana Mozer Sciani
- Butantan Institute, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, São Paulo, SP 05503-900 Brazil
| | - Daniel C Pimenta
- Butantan Institute, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, São Paulo, SP 05503-900 Brazil
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Marani MM, Dourado FS, Quelemes PV, de Araujo AR, Perfeito MLG, Barbosa EA, Véras LMC, Coelho ALR, Andrade EB, Eaton P, Longo JPF, Azevedo RB, Delerue-Matos C, Leite JRSA. Characterization and Biological Activities of Ocellatin Peptides from the Skin Secretion of the Frog Leptodactylus pustulatus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1495-1504. [PMID: 26107622 DOI: 10.1021/np500907t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Eight new peptides were isolated from the skin secretion of the frog Leptodactylus pustulatus and their amino acid sequences determined by de novo sequencing and by cDNA cloning. Structural similarities between them and other antimicrobial peptides from the skin secretion of Leptodactylus genus frogs were found. Ocellatins-PT1 to -PT5 (25 amino acid residues) are amidated at the C-terminus, while ocellatins-PT6 to -PT8 (32 amino acid residues) have free carboxylates. Antimicrobial activity, hemolytic tests, and cytotoxicity against a murine fibroblast cell line were investigated. All peptides, except for ocellatin-PT2, have antimicrobial activity against at least one Gram-negative strain. Ocellatin-PT8 inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella choleraesuis strains with MICs in the 60-240 μM range. No significant effect was observed in human erythrocytes and in a murine fibroblast cell line after exposure to the peptides at MICs. A comparison between sequences obtained by both direct HPLC-MS de novo sequencing and cDNA cloning demonstrates the secretion of mature peptides derived from a pre-pro-peptide structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Mirta Marani
- †CENPAT-CONICET, Centro Nacional Patagónico, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Flávio Santos Dourado
- ‡Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, SVS/MS, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Patrick Veras Quelemes
- §Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil
| | - Alyne Rodrigues de Araujo
- §Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil
| | - Márcia Luana Gomes Perfeito
- §Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil
| | - Eder Alves Barbosa
- ⊥Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Leiz Maria Costa Véras
- §Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil
| | - Andreia Luísa Rodrigues Coelho
- §Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil
- ∥REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Etielle Barroso Andrade
- §Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil
- ∇Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, BIONORTE, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, UFMA, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Peter Eaton
- ○UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Figueiró Longo
- #Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bentes Azevedo
- #Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- ∥REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Roberto S A Leite
- §Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Biotec, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Parnaiba, PI, Brazil
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de Castro RJS, Sato HH. Biologically active peptides: Processes for their generation, purification and identification and applications as natural additives in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Food Res Int 2015; 74:185-198. [PMID: 28411983 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Recent technological advances have created great interest in the use of biologically active peptides. Bioactive peptides can be defined as specific portions of proteins with 2 to 20 amino acids that have desirable biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, antithrombotic, anti-adipogenic, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Specific characteristics, including low toxicity and high specificity, make these molecules of particular interest to the food and pharmaceutical industries. This review focuses on the production of bioactive peptides, with special emphasis on fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis. The combination of different technologies and the use of auxiliary processes are also addressed. A survey of isolation, purification and peptide characterization methods was conducted to identify the major techniques used to determine the structures of bioactive peptides. Finally, the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-hypertensive, anti-adipogenic activities and probiotic-bacterial growth-promoting aspects of various peptides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruann Janser Soares de Castro
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 80 Rua Monteiro Lobato, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Hélia Harumi Sato
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 80 Rua Monteiro Lobato, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Xu X, Lai R. The chemistry and biological activities of peptides from amphibian skin secretions. Chem Rev 2015; 115:1760-846. [PMID: 25594509 DOI: 10.1021/cr4006704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology , Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
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König E, Bininda-Emonds ORP, Shaw C. The diversity and evolution of anuran skin peptides. Peptides 2015; 63:96-117. [PMID: 25464160 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amphibians exhibit various, characteristic adaptations related to their "incomplete" shift from the aquatic to the terrestrial habitat. In particular, the integument was subject to a number of specialized modifications during the evolution of these animals. In this review, we place special emphasis on endogenous host-defence skin peptides from the cuteanous granular glands anuran amphibians (frogs and toads). The overview on the two broad groups of neuroactive and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) goes beyond a simple itemization in that we provide a new perspective into the evolution and function of anuran AMPs. Briefly, these cationic, amphipathic and α-helical peptides are traditionally viewed as being part of the innate immune system, protecting the moist skin against invading microorganisms through their cytolytic action. However, the complete record of anuran species investigated to date suggests that AMPs are distributed sporadically (i.e., non-universally) across Anura. Together with the intriguing observation that virtually all anurans known to produce neuropeptides in their granular glands also co-secrete cytolytic peptides, we call the traditional role for AMPs as being purely antimicrobial into question and present an alternative scenario. We hypothesize AMPs to assist neuroactive peptides in their antipredator role through their cytolytic action increasing the delivery of the latter to the endocrine and nervous system of the predator. Thus, AMPs are more accurately viewed as cytolysins and their contribution to the immune system is better regarded as an accessory benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico König
- AG Systematik und Evolutionsbiologie, IBU - Fakultät V, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Strasse 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Olaf R P Bininda-Emonds
- AG Systematik und Evolutionsbiologie, IBU - Fakultät V, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Strasse 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Chris Shaw
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Center, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
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Vigerelli H, Sciani JM, Jared C, Antoniazzi MM, Caporale GMM, da Silva ADCR, Pimenta DC. Bufotenine is able to block rabies virus infection in BHK-21 cells. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2014; 20:45. [PMID: 25337122 PMCID: PMC4203886 DOI: 10.1186/1678-9199-20-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rabies is a fatal zoonotic neglected disease that occurs in more than 150 countries, and kills more than 55.000 people every year. It is caused by an enveloped single stranded RNA virus that affects the central nervous system, through an infection initiated by the muscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, according to many authors. Alkaloids, such as acetylcholine, are widespread molecules in nature. They are present in numerous biological fluids, including the skin secretion of many amphibians, in which they act (together with proteins, peptides and steroids) as protection agents against predators and/or microorganisms. Among those amphibians that are rich in alkaloids, there is the genus Rhinella. METHODS Bufotenine was isolated from Rhinela jimi skin secretion after a liquid-liquid partition (H2O:CH2Cl2) and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography analyses (RP-HPLC). Bufotenine was also extracted from seeds of Anadenanthera colubrina in acetone solution and purified by RP-HPLC, as well. Structural characterization was performed by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. Cytotoxic tests of bufotenine were performed over baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells using MTT test. For the antiviral activity, Rabies virus strain Pasteur vaccine (PV) was used on fluorescence inhibition test and fluorescent foci inhibition test, with both simultaneous and time course treatment of the cells with the virus and bufotenine. RESULTS In the present work we describe the effects of bufotenine, obtained either from toads or plants, that can inhibit the penetration of rabies virus in mammalian cells through an apparent competitive mechanism by the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Moreover, this inhibition was dose- and time-dependent, pointing out to a specific mechanism of action. CONCLUSIONS This work do not present or propose bufotenine as a drug for the treatment of rabies due to the hallucinogen and psychotropic effects of the molecule. However, continued studies in the elucidation of the antiviral mechanism of this molecule, may lead to the choice or development of a tryptamine analogue presenting potential clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Vigerelli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP Brazil ; Laboratory of Serology, Pasteur Institute, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Juliana Mozer Sciani
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Carlos Jared
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Daniel C Pimenta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP Brazil
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Sá ROD, Grant T, Camargo A, Heyer WR, Ponssa ML, Stanley E. Systematics of the Neotropical GenusLeptodactylusFitzinger, 1826 (Anura: Leptodactylidae): Phylogeny, the Relevance of Non-molecular Evidence, and Species Accounts. SOUTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-13-00022.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Chemical synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and properties of shepherin I: a fungicidal peptide enriched in glycine-glycine-histidine motifs. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2573-86. [PMID: 25106507 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Although glycine-rich antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are found in animals and plants, very little has been reported on their chemistry, structure activity-relationship, and properties. We investigated those topics for Shepherin I (Shep I), a glycine-rich AMP with the unique amino acid sequence G(1)YGGHGGHGGHGGHGGHGGHGHGGGGHG(28). Shep I and analogues were synthesized by the solid-phase method at 60 °C using conventional heating. Purification followed by chemical characterization confirmed the products' identities and high purity. Amino acid analysis provided their peptide contents. All peptides were active against the clinically important Candida species, but ineffective against bacteria and mycelia fungi. Truncation of the N- or C-terminal portion reduced Shep I antifungal activity, the latter being more pronounced. Carboxyamidation of Shep I did not affect the activity against C. albicans or C. tropicalis, but increased activity against S. cerevisiae. Carboxyamidated analogues Shep I (3-28)a and Shep I (6-28)a were equipotent to Shep I and Shep Ia against Candida species. As with most cationic AMPs, all peptides had their activity significantly reduced in high-salt concentrations, a disadvantage that is defeated if 10 µM ZnCl2 is present. At 100 µM, the peptides were practically not hemolytic. Shep Ia also killed C. albicans MDM8 and ATCC 90028 cells. Fluo-Shep Ia, an analogue labeled with 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein, was rapidly internalized by C. albicans MDM8 cells, a salt-sensitive process dependent on metabolic energy and temperature. Altogether, such results shed light on the chemistry, structural requirements for activity, and other properties of candidacidal glycine-rich peptides. Furthermore, they show that Shep Ia may have strong potential for use in topical application.
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Wang G. Human antimicrobial peptides and proteins. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2014; 7:545-94. [PMID: 24828484 PMCID: PMC4035769 DOI: 10.3390/ph7050545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As the key components of innate immunity, human host defense antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs) play a critical role in warding off invading microbial pathogens. In addition, AMPs can possess other biological functions such as apoptosis, wound healing, and immune modulation. This article provides an overview on the identification, activity, 3D structure, and mechanism of action of human AMPs selected from the antimicrobial peptide database. Over 100 such peptides have been identified from a variety of tissues and epithelial surfaces, including skin, eyes, ears, mouths, gut, immune, nervous and urinary systems. These peptides vary from 10 to 150 amino acids with a net charge between -3 and +20 and a hydrophobic content below 60%. The sequence diversity enables human AMPs to adopt various 3D structures and to attack pathogens by different mechanisms. While α-defensin HD-6 can self-assemble on the bacterial surface into nanonets to entangle bacteria, both HNP-1 and β-defensin hBD-3 are able to block cell wall biosynthesis by binding to lipid II. Lysozyme is well-characterized to cleave bacterial cell wall polysaccharides but can also kill bacteria by a non-catalytic mechanism. The two hydrophobic domains in the long amphipathic α-helix of human cathelicidin LL-37 lays the basis for binding and disrupting the curved anionic bacterial membrane surfaces by forming pores or via the carpet model. Furthermore, dermcidin may serve as ion channel by forming a long helix-bundle structure. In addition, the C-type lectin RegIIIα can initially recognize bacterial peptidoglycans followed by pore formation in the membrane. Finally, histatin 5 and GAPDH(2-32) can enter microbial cells to exert their effects. It appears that granulysin enters cells and kills intracellular pathogens with the aid of pore-forming perforin. This arsenal of human defense proteins not only keeps us healthy but also inspires the development of a new generation of personalized medicine to combat drug-resistant superbugs, fungi, viruses, parasites, or cancer. Alternatively, multiple factors (e.g., albumin, arginine, butyrate, calcium, cyclic AMP, isoleucine, short-chain fatty acids, UV B light, vitamin D, and zinc) are able to induce the expression of antimicrobial peptides, opening new avenues to the development of anti-infectious drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986495 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6495, USA.
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Siano A, Húmpola MV, de Oliveira E, Albericio F, Simonetta AC, Lajmanovich R, Tonarelli GG. Antimicrobial peptides from skin secretions of Hypsiboas pulchellus (Anura: Hylidae). JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:831-841. [PMID: 24717080 DOI: 10.1021/np4009317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The skin of many amphibians produces a large repertoire of antimicrobial peptides that are crucial in the first line of defense against microbial invasion. Despite the immense richness of wild amphibians in Argentina, knowledge about peptides with antimicrobial properties is limited to a few species. Here we used LC-MS-MS to analyze samples of Hypsiboas pulchellus skin with the aim to identify antimicrobial peptides in the mass range of 1000 to 2000 Da. Twenty-three novel sequences were identified by MS, three of which were selected for chemical synthesis and further studies. The three synthetic peptides, named P1-Hp-1971, P2-Hp-1935, and P3-Hp-1891, inhibited the growth of two ATCC strains: Escherichia coli (MIC: 16, 33, and 17 μM, respectively) and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 8, 66, and 17 μM, respectively). P1-Hp-1971 and P3-Hp-1891 were the most active peptides. P1-Hp-1971, which showed the highest therapeutic indices (40 for E. coli and 80 for S. aureus), is a proline-glycine-rich peptide with a highly unordered structure, while P3-Hp-1891 adopts an amphipathic α-helical structure in the presence of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and anionic liposomes. This is the first peptidomic study of Hypsiboas pulchellus skin secretions to allow the identification of antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Siano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) , Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Scorciapino MA, Manzo G, Rinaldi AC, Sanna R, Casu M, Pantic JM, Lukic ML, Conlon JM. Conformational analysis of the frog skin peptide, plasticin-L1, and its effects on production of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages. Biochemistry 2013; 52:7231-41. [PMID: 24073891 DOI: 10.1021/bi4008287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Plasticin-L1 (GLVNGLLSSVLGGGQGGGGLLGGIL) is a conformationally flexible glycine/leucine-rich peptide originally isolated from norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions of the South-American Santa Fe frog Leptodactylus laticeps (Leptodactylidae). A nuclear magnetic resonance/molecular dynamics characterization of plasticin-L1 in the presence of dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) and DPC/sodium dodecylsulphate micelles as membrane-mimetic models showed that the peptide has affinity for both neutral and anionic membranes. The peptide adopts a stable helical conformation at the N-terminal region and a more disordered helix at the C-terminal region, separated by an unstructured loop wherein the highest number of glycines is localized. In both micelle environments, plasticin-L1 slowly inserts between the detergent head groups but always remains localized at the micelle/water interface. Plasticin-L1 lacks direct antimicrobial activity but stimulates cytokine production by macrophages. Incubation with plasticin-L1 (20 μg/mL) significantly (P < 0.05) increased the production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-12, IL-23, and TNF-α from unstimulated peritoneal macrophages from both C57BL/6 and BALB/C mice. The peptide also increased IL-6 production by unstimulated (P < 0.01) and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated (P < 0.01) macrophages, whereas the effects on production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were not significant. These findings suggest that plasticin-L1 may play an immunomodulatory role in vivo by stimulating cytokine production from frog skin macrophages in response to microbial pathogens. This peptide may represent a template for the design of peptides with therapeutic applications as immunostimulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano A Scorciapino
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari , Monserrato, Cagliari I-09042, Italy
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Amadou I, Le GW, Amza T, Sun J, Shi YH. Purification and characterization of foxtail millet-derived peptides with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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47
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Heyer WR, Heyer MM. Systematics, distribution, and bibliography of the frogLeptodactylus validusGarman, 1888 (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae). P BIOL SOC WASH 2012. [DOI: 10.2988/12-04.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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48
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Wang J, Xiong Z, Meng H, Wang Y, Wang Y. Synthetic biology triggers new era of antibiotics development. Subcell Biochem 2012; 64:95-114. [PMID: 23080247 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5055-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As a discipline to design and construct organisms with desired properties, synthetic biology has generated rapid progresses in the last decade. Combined synthetic biology with the traditional process, a new universal workflow for drug development has been becoming more and more attractive. The new methodology exhibits more efficient and inexpensive comparing to traditional methods in every aspect, such as new compounds discovery & screening, process design & drug manufacturing. This article reviews the application of synthetic biology in antibiotics development, including new drug discovery and screening, combinatorial biosynthesis to generate more analogues and heterologous expression of biosynthetic gene clusters with systematic engineering the recombinant microbial systems for large scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Conlon JM. Structural diversity and species distribution of host-defense peptides in frog skin secretions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:2303-15. [PMID: 21560068 PMCID: PMC11114843 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cationic peptides that adopt an amphipathic α-helical conformation in a membrane-mimetic environment are synthesized in the skins of many frog species. These peptides often display cytolytic activities against bacteria and fungi consistent with the idea that they play a role in the host's system of defense against pathogenic microorganisms, but their importance in the survival strategy of the animal is not clearly understood. Despite the common misconception that antimicrobial peptides are synthesized in the skins of all anurans, the species distribution is sporadic, suggesting that their production may confer some evolutionary advantage to the organism but is not necessary for survival. The low potency of many frog skin antimicrobial peptides is consistent with the hypothesis that cutaneous symbiotic bacteria may provide the major system of defense against pathogenic microorganisms in the environment with antimicrobial peptides assuming a supplementary role in some species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Conlon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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50
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Samir P, Link AJ. Analyzing the cryptome: uncovering secret sequences. AAPS JOURNAL 2011; 13:152-8. [PMID: 21327597 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-011-9252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian cryptome consists of bioactive peptides generated by the proteolysis of precursor proteins. It is speculated that the cryptide repertoire increases the complexity of the proteome by an order of magnitude. Cryptides have been found to function in a wide range of processes including neuronal signaling, antigen presentation, and the inflammatory response. Due to their potential as therapeutic agents, there has been an increasing interest in studying cryptides. In this review, we discuss different approaches for discovering these hidden peptides and how proteomic tools can be utilized to aid in their identification and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parimal Samir
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2363, USA
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