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Xu C, Qi J, Yang W, Chen Y, Yang C, He Y, Wang J, Lin A. Immobilization of heavy metals in vegetable-growing soils using nano zero-valent iron modified attapulgite clay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 686:476-483. [PMID: 31185396 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the problem of heavy metal pollution in vegetables is received wide attention. In this work, attapulgite clay (ATTP), as a cheap and readily available inorganic mineral material, was modified with nano zero-valent iron (nFe0@ATTP) for heavy metal immobilization in soil. Batch experiments were employed to evaluate the optimal remediation performance by ATTP before and after modified with nFe0 through planting Pakchoi (Brassica chinesis L.) in Cd, Cr, and Pb contaminated soil from Changsha. The results showed that amendments can all increase the pH value of soils, and notably decrease the concentration of extractable Cd, Cr, and Pb in soil. The germination rate and root length of Pakchoi were promoted, and the activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were notably reduced besides superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity after treatments with ATTP and nFe0@ATTP. Vicia faba-micronucleus test indicated that the application of amendments reduced the toxicity of heavy metals on the genetic material of Vicia faba root tip cells. The nFe0@ATTP were found to well convert Cd, Cr, and Pb into less bioavailable state in soil, thus blocking heavy metal uptake by plants. This material could be a promising amendment for heavy metals contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congbin Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jia Qi
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- Environmental Development Centre of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yali He
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, PR China.
| | - Aijun Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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2
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Roy Choudhury S. Genome-wide alterations of epigenomic landscape in plants by engineered nanomaterial toxicants. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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3
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Balážová Ľ, Babula P, Baláž M, Bačkorová M, Bujňáková Z, Briančin J, Kurmanbayeva A, Sagi M. Zinc oxide nanoparticles phytotoxicity on halophyte from genus Salicornia. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 130:30-42. [PMID: 29957573 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on halophyte from the genus Salicornia. The presence of ZnO nanoparticles (100 and 1000 mg/L) in the solid culture medium resulted in the negative effects on plant growth in the concentration-dependent manner. The shoot length of plant cultivated with 1000 mg/L ZnO NPs decreased by more than 50% compared to non-treated plants. The phytotoxicity was associated with the release of free zinc(II) ions, which was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Another mechanism involved in ZnO NPs phytotoxicity was closely connected with generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was accompanied by changes in activities and amounts of antioxidant enzymes. Histochemical evaluation showed that ROS were present also in the shoot of plant, which was not in direct contact with NPs. The reduction of activity and amount of antioxidant enzymes such as gamma-ESC, GR, SOD, PER, APX and higher concentration of ROS lead to lipid peroxidation, the latter being almost 3 times higher for the plant treated with 1000 mg/L NPs compared to control. The misbalance in zinc homeostasis and creation of ROS with subsequent oxidative stress led to the initiation of processes of programmed cell death, which was demonstrated by the loss of mitochondrial potential and increase of intracellular calcium (II) ions. Despite halophytes exhibit higher stress resistance than glycophytes, they are prone to negative changes if incubated in the environment containing ZnO nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ľudmila Balážová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovakia; Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1/3, CZ, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Babula
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1/3, CZ, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, CZ, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Matej Baláž
- Department of Mechanochemistry, Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Bačkorová
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1/3, CZ, 61242, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Bujňáková
- Department of Mechanochemistry, Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Briančin
- Department of Mechanochemistry, Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Assylay Kurmanbayeva
- Plant Stress Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel
| | - Moshe Sagi
- Plant Stress Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel
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Jin Y, Fan X, Li X, Zhang Z, Sun L, Fu Z, Lavoie M, Pan X, Qian H. Distinct physiological and molecular responses in Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to aluminum oxide nanoparticles and ionic aluminum. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 228:517-527. [PMID: 28576325 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nano-aluminium oxide (nAl2O3) is one of the most widely used nanomaterials. However, nAl2O3 toxicity mechanisms and potential beneficial effects on terrestrial plant physiology remain poorly understood. Such knowledge is essential for the development of robust nAl2O3 risk assessment. In this study, we studied the influence of a 10-d exposure to a total selected concentration of 98 μM nAl2O3 or to the equivalent molar concentration of ionic Al (AlCl3) (196 μM) on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana on the physiology (e.g., growth and photosynthesis, membrane damage) and the transcriptome using a high throughput state-of-the-art technology, RNA-seq. We found no evidence of nAl2O3 toxicity on photosynthesis, growth and lipid peroxidation. Rather the nAl2O3 treatment stimulated root weight and length by 48% and 39%, respectively as well as photosynthesis opening up the door to the use of nAl2O3 in biotechnology and nano agriculture. Transcriptomic analyses indicate that the beneficial effect of nAl2O3 was related to an increase in the transcription of several genes involved in root growth as well as in root nutrient uptake (e.g., up-regulation of the root hair-specific gene family and root development genes, POLARIS protein). By contrast, the ionic Al treatment decreased shoot and root weight of Arabidopsis thaliana by 57.01% and 45.15%, respectively. This toxic effect was coupled to a range of response at the gene transcription level including increase transcription of antioxidant-related genes and transcription of genes involved in plant defense response to pathogens. This work provides an integrated understanding at the molecular and physiological level of the effects of nAl2O3 and ionic Al in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujian Jin
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Xiaoji Fan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Xingxing Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Michel Lavoie
- Quebec-Ocean and Takuvik Joint International Research Unit, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
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Amist N, Singh N, Yadav K, Singh S, Pandey J. Comparative studies of Al 3+ ions and Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles on growth and metabolism of cabbage seedlings. J Biotechnol 2017; 254:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Salman Khan M, Zaka M, Haider Abbasi B, Rahman L, Shah A. Seed germination and biochemical profile of Silybum marianum exposed to monometallic and bimetallic alloy nanoparticles. IET Nanobiotechnol 2016; 10:359-366. [PMID: 27906135 PMCID: PMC8676010 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2015.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years nanotechnology has become increasingly important in almost every field. The new and improved physical, chemical and biological properties of material at nanoscale have far reaching implications in the fields of science and technology. Nanoparticles' effect on various plant species must be investigated to develop a comprehensive toxicity profile for nanoparticles. The current study strives to evaluate the effects of nine types of metal nanoparticles including monometallic and bimetallic alloy nanoparticles [Ag, Au, Cu, AgCu (1:3), AgCu (3:1), AuCu (1:3), AuCu (3:1), AgAu (1:3), AgAu (3:1)] on seed germination, root and shoot growth and biochemical profile of Silybum marianum plant. Seed germination was greatly affected and increased significantly upon treatment with nanoparticles' suspensions and was recorded highest for Ag nanoparticle suspension. Metal nanoparticles also had a significant effect on the biochemical profile of S. marianum. For the first week, the effect on DPPH, total phenolics content, total flavonoids content, total protein content, peroxidase activity and superoxide dismutase activity was enhanced, but declined as the time progressed. Among the nanoparticles being used, the effect of Ag nanoparticle was mostly enhancing. The results obtained are significant in mapping the effects of different monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles on medicinal plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehreen Zaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Latifur- Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Afzal Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Impact of bio-nanogold on seed germination and seedling growth in Pennisetum glaucum. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 95:107-111. [PMID: 27866604 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Maity A, Natarajan N, Vijay D, Srinivasan R, Pastor M, Malaviya DR. Influence of Metal Nanoparticles (NPs) on Germination and Yield of Oat (Avena sativa) and Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-016-0796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Husen A, Siddiqi KS. Phytosynthesis of nanoparticles: concept, controversy and application. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:229. [PMID: 24910577 PMCID: PMC4031915 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an exciting and powerful discipline of science; the altered properties of which have offered many new and profitable products and applications. Agriculture, food and medicine sector industries have been investing more in nanotechnology research. Plants or their extracts provide a biological synthesis route of several metallic nanoparticles which is more eco-friendly and allows a controlled synthesis with well-defined size and shape. The rapid drug delivery in the presence of a carrier is a recent development to treat patients with nanoparticles of certain metals. The engineered nanoparticles are more useful in increasing the crop production, although this issue is still in infancy. This is simply due to the unprecedented and unforeseen health hazard and environmental concern. The well-known metal ions such as zinc, iron and copper are essential constituents of several enzymes found in the human system even though the indiscriminate use of similar other metal nanoparticle in food and medicine without clinical trial is not advisable. This review is intended to describe the novel phytosynthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with regard to their shape, size, structure and diverse application in almost all fields of medicine, agriculture and technology. We have also emphasized the concept and controversial mechanism of green synthesis of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azamal Husen
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Khwaja Salahuddin Siddiqi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
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10
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Onnby L, Svensson C, Mbundi L, Busquets R, Cundy A, Kirsebom H. Γ-Al₂O₃-based nanocomposite adsorbents for arsenic(V) removal: assessing performance, toxicity and particle leakage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 473-474:207-214. [PMID: 24370695 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The generation and development of effective adsorption materials for arsenic removal are urgently needed due to acute arsenic contamination of water sources in many regions around the world. In the search for these new adsorbents, the application of nanomaterials or nanocomposites, and especially the use of nanoparticles (NPs), has proven increasingly attractive. While the adsorptive performance of a range of nanocomposite and nanomaterial-based systems has been extensively reviewed in previously-published literature, the stability of these systems in terms of NP release, i.e. the ability of the nanomaterial or nanocomposite to retain incorporated NPs, is less well understood. Here we examine the performance of nanocomposites comprised of aluminium oxide nanoparticles (AluNPs) incorporated in macroporous polyacrylamide-based cryogels (n-Alu-cryo, where n indicates the percentage of AluNPs in the polymer material (n=0-6%, w/v)) for As(V) adsorption, and evaluate AluNP leakage before and after the use of these materials. A range of techniques is utilised and assessed (SEM, TEM, mass weight change, PIXE and in vitro toxicity studies). The 4-Alu-cryo nanocomposite was shown to be optimal for minimising AluNP losses while maximising As(V) removal. From the same nanocomposite we were further able to show that NP losses were not detectable at the AluNP concentrations used in the study. Toxicity tests revealed that no cytotoxic effects could be observed. The cryogel-AluNPs composites were not only effective in As(V) removal but also in immobilising the AluNPs. More challenging flow-through conditions for the evaluation of NP leakage could be included as a next step in a continued study assessing particle loss and subsequent toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Onnby
- Department of Biotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Christian Svensson
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 26, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lubinda Mbundi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK; Blond McIndoe Research Foundation, Queen Victoria Hospital NHS Trust East Grinstead, West Sussex RH19 3DZ, UK
| | - Rosa Busquets
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK; Kingston University, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Penrhyn Road, Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE, UK
| | - Andrew Cundy
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Harald Kirsebom
- Department of Biotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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11
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Frazier TP, Burklew CE, Zhang B. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles affect the growth and microRNA expression of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Funct Integr Genomics 2014; 14:75-83. [PMID: 24132512 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-013-0341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) is one of the most widely used pigments in the world. Due to its heavy use in industry and daily life, such as food additives, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and paints, many residues are released into the environment and currently TiO(2) nanoparticles are considered an emerging environmental contaminant. Although several studies have shown the effect of TiO(2) nanoparticles on a wide range of organisms including bacteria, algae, plankton, fish, mice, and rats, little research has been performed on land plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of TiO(2) nanoparticles on the growth, development, and gene expression of tobacco, an important economic and agricultural crop in the southeastern USA as well as around the world. We found that TiO(2) nanoparticles significantly inhibited the germination rates, root lengths, and biomasses of tobacco seedlings after 3 weeks of exposure to 0.1, 1, 2.5, and 5 % TiO(2) nanoparticles and that overall growth and development of the tobacco seedlings significantly decreased as TiO(2) nanoparticle concentrations increased. Overall, tobacco roots were the most sensitive to TiO(2) nanoparticle exposure. Nano-TiO(2) also significantly influenced the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs), a recently discovered class of small endogenous noncoding RNAs (∼20-22 nt) that are considered important gene regulators and have been shown to play an important role in plant development as well as plant tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, cold, and heavy metal. Low concentrations (0.1 and 1 %) of TiO(2) nanoparticles dramatically induced miRNA expression in tobacco seedlings with miR395 and miR399 exhibiting the greatest fold changes of 285-fold and 143-fold, respectively. The results of this study show that TiO(2) nanoparticles have a negative impact on tobacco growth and development and that miRNAs may play an important role in tobacco response to heavy metals/nanoparticles by regulating gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor P Frazier
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA
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12
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El-Temsah YS, Joner EJ. Impact of Fe and Ag nanoparticles on seed germination and differences in bioavailability during exposure in aqueous suspension and soil. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2012; 27:42-9. [PMID: 20549639 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The potential environmental toxicity of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) and three types of nanosilver differing in average particle size from 1 to 20 nm was evaluated using seed germination tests with ryegrass, barley, and flax exposed to 0-5000 mg L(-1) nZVI or 0-100 mg L(-1) Ag. For nZVI, germination tests were conducted both in water and in two contrasting soils to test the impact of assumed differences in bioavailability of nanoparticles. Inhibitory effects were observed in aqueous suspensions at 250 mg L(-1) for nZVI and 10 mg L(-1) for Ag. Reduction in shoot growth was a more sensitive endpoint than germination percentage. Complete inhibition of germination was observed at 1000-2000 mg L(-1) for nZVI. For Ag, complete inhibition was not achieved. The presence of soil had a modest influence on toxicity, and inhibitory effects were observed at 300 mg nZVI L(-1) water in soil (equivalent to 1000 mg nZVI kg(-1) soil). Complete inhibition was observed at 750 and 1500 mg L(-1) in sandy soil for flax and ryegrass, respectively, while for barley 13% germination still occurred at 1500 mg L(-1) . In clay soil, inhibition was less pronounced. Our results indicate that nZVI at low concentrations can be used without detrimental effects on plants and thus be suitable for combined remediation where plants are involved. Silver nanoparticles inhibited seed germination at lower concentrations, but showed no clear size-dependent effects, and never completely impeded germination. Thus, seed germination tests seem less suited for estimation of environmental impact of
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Gubbins EJ, Batty LC, Lead JR. Phytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles to Lemna minor L. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2011; 159:1551-1559. [PMID: 21450381 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in commercial products has increased significantly in recent years. Although there has been some attempt to determine the toxic effects of AgNPs, there is little information on aquatic plants which have a vital role in ecosystems. This study reports the use of Lemna minor L. clone St to investigate the phytotoxicity of AgNPs under modified OECD test conditions. AgNPs were synthesised, characterised and subsequently presented to the L. minor. Results showed that inhibition of plant growth was evident after exposure to small (~ 20 nm) and larger (~100 nm) AgNPs at low concentrations (5 μg L⁻¹) and this effect became more acute with a longer exposure time. There was a linear dose-response relationship after 14 d exposure. Using predicted environmental concentrations for wastewaters it was found that AgNPs may pose a significant potential risk to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva J Gubbins
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, England, UK
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Rico CM, Majumdar S, Duarte-Gardea M, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL. Interaction of nanoparticles with edible plants and their possible implications in the food chain. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:3485-98. [PMID: 21405020 PMCID: PMC3086136 DOI: 10.1021/jf104517j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 519] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The uptake, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and risks of nanomaterials (NMs) for food crops are still not well understood. Very few NMs and plant species have been studied, mainly at the very early growth stages of the plants. Most of the studies, except one with multiwalled carbon nanotubes performed on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and another with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on ryegrass, reported the effect of NMs on seed germination or 15-day-old seedlings. Very few references describe the biotransformation of NMs in food crops, and the possible transmission of the NMs to the next generation of plants exposed to NMs is unknown. The possible biomagnification of NPs in the food chain is also unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyren M. Rico
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968
| | - Sanghamitra Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968
| | - Maria Duarte-Gardea
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, 1101 N. Campbell St. El Paso, TX 79902
| | - Jose R. Peralta-Videa
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968
| | - Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968
- Environmental Sciences and Engineering PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968
- Corresponding author; . Fax: 915-747-5748. Phone: 915:747-5359
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15
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Lee CW, Mahendra S, Zodrow K, Li D, Tsai YC, Braam J, Alvarez PJJ. Developmental phytotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles to Arabidopsis thaliana. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2010; 29:669-75. [PMID: 20821493 DOI: 10.1002/etc.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phytotoxicity is an important consideration to understand the potential environmental impacts of manufactured nanomaterials. Here, we report on the effects of four metal oxide nanoparticles, aluminum oxide (nAl(2)O(3)), silicon dioxide (nSiO(2)), magnetite (nFe(3)O(4)), and zinc oxide (nZnO), on the development of Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress). Three toxicity indicators (seed germination, root elongation, and number of leaves) were quantified following exposure to each nanoparticle at three concentrations: 400, 2,000, and 4,000 mg/L. Among these particles, nZnO was most phytotoxic, followed by nFe(3)O(4), nSiO(2), and nAl(2)O(3), which was not toxic. Consequently, nZnO was further studied to discern the importance of particle size and zinc dissolution as toxicity determinants. Soluble zinc concentrations in nanoparticle suspensions were 33-fold lower than the minimum inhibitory concentration of dissolved zinc salt (ZnCl(2)), indicating that zinc dissolution could not solely account for the observed toxicity. Inhibition of seed germination by ZnO depended on particle size, with nanoparticles exerting higher toxicity than larger (micron-sized) particles at equivalent concentrations. Overall, this study shows that direct exposure to nanoparticles significantly contributed to phytotoxicity and underscores the need for eco-responsible disposal of wastes and sludge containing metal oxide nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Woo Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS-317, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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Brar SK, Verma M, Tyagi RD, Surampalli RY. Engineered nanoparticles in wastewater and wastewater sludge--evidence and impacts. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2010; 30:504-20. [PMID: 19926463 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2009.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has widespread application in agricultural, environmental and industrial sectors ranging from fabrication of molecular assemblies to microbial array chips. Despite the booming application of nanotechnology, there have been serious implications which are coming into light in the recent years within different environmental compartments, namely air, water and soil and its likely impact on the human health. Health and environmental effects of common metals and materials are well-known, however, when the metals and materials take the form of nanoparticles--consequential hazards based on shape and size are yet to be explored. The nanoparticles released from different nanomaterials used in our household and industrial commodities find their way through waste disposal routes into the wastewater treatment facilities and end up in wastewater sludge. Further escape of these nanoparticles into the effluent will contaminate the aquatic and soil environment. Hence, an understanding of the presence, behavior and impact of these nanoparticles in wastewater and wastewater sludge is necessary and timely. Despite the lack of sufficient literature, the present review attempts to link various compartmentalization aspects of the nanoparticles, their physical properties and toxicity in wastewater and wastewater sludge through simile drawn from other environmental streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satinder K Brar
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, Canada.
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Ma Y, Kuang L, He X, Bai W, Ding Y, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Chai Z. Effects of rare earth oxide nanoparticles on root elongation of plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 78:273-9. [PMID: 19897228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Revised: 10/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The phytotoxicity of four rare earth oxide nanoparticles, nano-CeO(2), nano-La(2)O(3), nano-Gd(2)O(3) and nano-Yb(2)O(3) on seven higher plant species (radish, rape, tomato, lettuce, wheat, cabbage, and cucumber) were investigated in the present study by means of root elongation experiments. Their effects on root growth varied greatly between different nanoparticles and plant species. A suspension of 2000 mg L(-1) nano-CeO(2) had no effect on the root elongation of six plants, except lettuce. On the contrary, 2000 mg L(-1) suspensions of nano-La(2)O(3), nano-Gd(2)O(3) and nano-Yb(2)O(3) severely inhibited the root elongation of all the seven species. Inhibitory effects of nano-La(2)O(3), nano-Gd(2)O(3), and nano-Yb(2)O(3) also differed in the different growth process of plants. For wheat, the inhibition mainly took place during the seed incubation process, while lettuce and rape were inhibited on both seed soaking and incubation process. The fifty percent inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) for rape were about 40 mg L(-1) of nano-La(2)O(3), 20mg L(-1) of nano-Gd(2)O(3), and 70 mg L(-1) of nano-Yb(2)O(3), respectively. In the concentration ranges used in this study, the RE(3+) ion released from the nanoparticles had negligible effects on the root elongation. These results are helpful in understanding phytotoxicity of rare earth oxide nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Ma
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Environmental Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Asli S, Neumann PM. Colloidal suspensions of clay or titanium dioxide nanoparticles can inhibit leaf growth and transpiration via physical effects on root water transport. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2009; 32:577-84. [PMID: 19210640 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01952.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory investigation was conducted to determine whether colloidal suspensions of inorganic nanoparticulate materials of natural or industrial origin in the external water supplied to the primary root of maize seedlings (Zea mays L.) could interfere with water transport and induce associated leaf responses. Water flow through excised roots was reduced, together with root hydraulic conductivity, within minutes of exposure to colloidal suspensions of naturally derived bentonite clay or industrially produced TiO2 nanoparticles. Similar nanoparticle additions to the hydroponic solution surrounding the primary root of intact seedlings rapidly inhibited leaf growth and transpiration. The reduced water availability caused by external nanoparticles and the associated leaf responses appeared to involve a rapid physical inhibition of apoplastic flow through nanosized root cell wall pores rather than toxic effects. Thus: (1) bentonite and TiO2 treatments also reduced the hydraulic conductivity of cell wall ghosts of killed roots left after hot alcohol disruption of the cell membranes; and (2) the average particle exclusion diameter of root cell wall pores was reduced from 6.6 to 3.0 nm by prior nanoparticle treatments. Irrigation of soil-grown plants with nanoparticle suspensions had mostly insignificant inhibitory effects on long-term shoot production, and a possible developmental adaptation is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sare Asli
- Department of Environmental, Water and Agricultural Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Lin D, Xing B. Phytotoxicity of nanoparticles: inhibition of seed germination and root growth. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2007; 150:243-50. [PMID: 17374428 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 730] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2006] [Revised: 01/17/2007] [Accepted: 01/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants need to be included to develop a comprehensive toxicity profile for nanoparticles. Effects of five types of nanoparticles (multi-walled carbon nanotube, aluminum, alumina, zinc, and zinc oxide) on seed germination and root growth of six higher plant species (radish, rape, ryegrass, lettuce, corn, and cucumber) were investigated. Seed germination was not affected except for the inhibition of nanoscale zinc (nano-Zn) on ryegrass and zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) on corn at 2000 mg/L. Inhibition on root growth varied greatly among nanoparticles and plants. Suspensions of 2000 mg/L nano-Zn or nano-ZnO practically terminated root elongation of the tested plant species. Fifty percent inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of nano-Zn and nano-ZnO were estimated to be near 50mg/L for radish, and about 20mg/L for rape and ryegrass. The inhibition occurred during the seed incubation process rather than seed soaking stage. These results are significant in terms of use and disposal of engineered nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
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Nowack B, Bucheli TD. Occurrence, behavior and effects of nanoparticles in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2007; 150:5-22. [PMID: 17658673 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1069] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2007] [Accepted: 06/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of engineered nanoparticles (NP) in industrial and household applications will very likely lead to the release of such materials into the environment. Assessing the risks of these NP in the environment requires an understanding of their mobility, reactivity, ecotoxicity and persistency. This review presents an overview of the classes of NP relevant to the environment and summarizes their formation, emission, occurrence and fate in the environment. The engineered NP are thereby compared to natural products such as soot and organic colloids. To date only few quantitative analytical techniques for measuring NP in natural systems are available, which results in a serious lack of information about their occurrence in the environment. Results from ecotoxicological studies show that certain NP have effects on organisms under environmental conditions, though mostly at elevated concentrations. The next step towards an assessment of the risks of NP in the environment should therefore be to estimate the exposure to the different NP. It is also important to notice that most NP in technical applications are functionalized and therefore studies using pristine NP may not be relevant for assessing the behavior of the NP actually used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Nowack
- Technology and Society Laboratory, Empa - Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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