1
|
Hathaway CA, Townsend MK, Wang T, Vinci C, Jake-Schoffman DE, Hecht JL, Saeed-Vafa D, Moran Segura C, Nguyen JV, Conejo-Garcia JR, Fridley BL, Tworoger SS. Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke, B-Cell Tumor Immune Infiltration, and Immunoglobulin Abundance in Ovarian Tumors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:796-803. [PMID: 38517322 PMCID: PMC11147730 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoke exposure has been linked to systemic immune dysfunction, including for B-cell and immunoglobulin (Ig) production, and poor outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. No study has evaluated the impact of smoke exposure across the life-course on B-cell infiltration and Ig abundance in ovarian tumors. METHODS We measured markers of B and plasma cells and Ig isotypes using multiplex immunofluorescence on 395 ovarian cancer tumors in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS)/NHSII. We conducted beta-binomial analyses evaluating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for positivity of immune markers by cigarette exposure among cases and Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI for developing tumors with low ( RESULTS There were no associations between smoke exposure and B-cell or IgM infiltration in ovarian tumors. Among cases, we observed higher odds of IgA+ among ever smokers (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.14-2.07) and ever smokers with no parental smoke exposure (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.18-3.49) versus never smokers. Women with parental cigarette smoke exposure versus not had higher risk of developing ovarian cancer with low IgG+ (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.10-2.09), whereas ever versus never smokers had a lower risk (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.56-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Ever smoking was associated with increased odds of IgA in ovarian tumors. IMPACT IgA has been associated with improved ovarian cancer outcomes, suggesting that although smoking is associated with poor outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer, it may lead to improved tumor immunogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary K Townsend
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Christine Vinci
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Jonathan L Hecht
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daryoush Saeed-Vafa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Advanced Analytical and Digital Laboratory, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Carlos Moran Segura
- Advanced Analytical and Digital Laboratory, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jonathan V Nguyen
- Advanced Analytical and Digital Laboratory, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jose R Conejo-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Shelley S Tworoger
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Knight Cancer Institute and Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hathaway CA, Wang T, Townsend MK, Vinci C, Jake-Schoffman DE, Saeed-Vafa D, Segura CM, Nguyen JV, Conejo-Garcia JR, Fridley BL, Tworoger SS. Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Risk of Ovarian Cancer by T-cell Tumor Immune Infiltration. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:66-73. [PMID: 36318652 PMCID: PMC9839509 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to cigarette smoke, particularly in early life, is modestly associated with ovarian cancer risk and may impact systemic immunity and the tumor immune response. However, no studies have evaluated whether cigarette smoke exposure impacts the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment. METHODS Participants in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII reported on early life exposure to cigarette smoke and personal smoking history on questionnaires (n = 165,760). Multiplex immunofluorescence assays were used to measure markers of T cells and immune checkpoints in tumor tissue from 385 incident ovarian cancer cases. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for developing ovarian tumors with a low (<median) or high (≥median) immune cell percentage by cigarette exposure categories. RESULTS Women exposed versus not to cigarette smoke early in life had a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer with low levels of T cells overall (CD3+: HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.08-2.20) and recently activated cytotoxic T cells (CD3+CD8+CD69+: HR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.05-2.00). These findings were not statistically significant at the Bonferroni-corrected P value of 0.0083. Adult smoking was not significantly associated with tumor immune markers after Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest early life cigarette smoke exposure may modestly increase risk of developing ovarian tumors with low abundance of total T cells and recently activated cytotoxic T cells. IMPACT Future research should focus on understanding the impact of exposures throughout the life course on the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Mary K. Townsend
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Christine Vinci
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Daryoush Saeed-Vafa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Advanced Analytical and Digital Laboratory, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Carlos Moran Segura
- Advanced Analytical and Digital Laboratory, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jonathan V. Nguyen
- Advanced Analytical and Digital Laboratory, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cheemarla NR, Uche IK, McBride K, Naidu S, Guerrero-Plata A. In utero tobacco smoke exposure alters lung inflammation, viral clearance, and CD8+T-cell responses in neonatal mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L212-L221. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00338.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and exposure of infants to cigarette smoke are strongly associated with adverse health effects in childhood including higher susceptibility to respiratory viral infections. Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the most important cause of lower respiratory tract infection among young infants. Exacerbation of respiratory disease, including HRSV bronchiolitis and higher susceptibility to HRSV infection, is well correlated with previous smoke exposure. The mechanisms of recurrence and susceptibility to viral pathogens after passive smoke exposure are multifactorial and include alteration of the structural and immunologic host defenses. In this work, we used a well-established mouse model of in utero smoke exposure to investigate the effect of in utero smoke exposure in HRSV-induced pathogenesis. Sample analysis indicated that in utero exposure led to increased lung inflammation characterized by an increased influx of neutrophils to the airways of the infected mice and a delayed viral clearance. On the other hand, decreased HRSV-specific CD8+T-cell response was observed. These findings indicate that cigarette smoke exposure during pregnancy alters HRSV-induced disease as well as several aspects of the neonatal immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagarjuna R. Cheemarla
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Ifeanyi K. Uche
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Kaitlin McBride
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Shan Naidu
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Antonieta Guerrero-Plata
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Center for Experimental Infectious Disease Research, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Campos KKD, Araújo GR, Martins TL, Bandeira ACB, Costa GDP, Talvani A, Garcia CCM, Oliveira LAM, Costa DC, Bezerra FS. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of lycopene in mice lungs exposed to cigarette smoke. J Nutr Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
5
|
Krauss-Etschmann S, Meyer KF, Dehmel S, Hylkema MN. Inter- and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: evidence in asthma and COPD? Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:53. [PMID: 26052354 PMCID: PMC4456695 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is now emerging that early life environment can have lifelong effects on metabolic, cardiovascular, and pulmonary function in offspring, a concept also known as fetal or developmental programming. In mammals, developmental programming is thought to occur mainly via epigenetic mechanisms, which include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and expression of non-coding RNAs. The effects of developmental programming can be induced by the intrauterine environment, leading to intergenerational epigenetic effects from one generation to the next. Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance may be considered when developmental programming is transmitted across generations that were not exposed to the initial environment which triggered the change. So far, inter- and transgenerational programming has been mainly described for cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk. In this review, we discuss available evidence that epigenetic inheritance also occurs in respiratory diseases, using asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as examples. While multiple epidemiological as well as animal studies demonstrate effects of 'toxic' intrauterine exposure on various asthma-related phenotypes in the offspring, only few studies link epigenetic marks to the observed phenotypes. As epigenetic marks may distinguish individuals most at risk of later disease at early age, it will enable early intervention strategies to reduce such risks. To achieve this goal further, well designed experimental and human studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Krauss-Etschmann
- />Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich and Children’s Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians University, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany
- />Priority Area Asthma & Allergy, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Research Center Borstel and Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Parkallee 1-40, Borstel, Germany
| | - Karolin F Meyer
- />Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
- />University of Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Dehmel
- />Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich and Children’s Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians University, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Machteld N Hylkema
- />Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
- />University of Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou H, Hua W, Jin Y, Zhang C, Che L, Xia L, Zhou J, Chen Z, Li W, Shen H. Tc17 cells are associated with cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation and emphysema. Respirology 2015; 20:426-33. [PMID: 25677967 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Wen Hua
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Luanqing Che
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Lixia Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Jiesen Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Zhihua Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Huahao Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease; Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Campos KKD, Dourado VA, Diniz MF, Bezerra FS, Lima WG. Exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy causes redox imbalance and histological damage in lung tissue of neonatal mice. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:164-71. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.893383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
8
|
Parks CG, D'Aloisio AA, DeRoo LA, Huiber K, Rider LG, Miller FW, Sandler DP. Childhood socioeconomic factors and perinatal characteristics influence development of rheumatoid arthritis in adulthood. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 72:350-6. [PMID: 22586176 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been associated with lower socioeconomic status (SES), but the reasons for this are not known. OBJECTIVE To examine childhood SES measures, SES trajectory and other perinatal factors in relation to RA. METHODS The sample included 50 884 women, aged 35-74 (84% non-Hispanic white) enrolled 2004-9 in a US national cohort study. In baseline questionnaires, cases (N=424, 0.8%) reported RA diagnosis after age 16, ever use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or steroids for RA and ≥6 weeks bilateral joint swelling. Childhood SES measures are presented as OR and 95% CI adjusted for age and race/ethnicity. Analyses of perinatal factors also adjusted for childhood SES, and joint effects of childhood and adult SES and smoking exposures were evaluated. RESULTS Patients with RA reported lower childhood household education (<12 years vs college degree; OR=1.7; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.5), food insecurity (OR=1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.0) and young maternal age (<20 vs 20-34 years; OR=1.7, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.5), with a trend (p<0.0001) for increasing number of adverse factors (OR=3.0; 95% CI 1.3 to 7.0; 4 vs 0 factors) compared with non-cases. Low birth weight (<2500 g) [corrected] and preconception paternal smoking were independently associated with RA. Together, lower childhood SES and adult education (<college degree) were associated with RA (interaction p=0.03), with a joint effect magnitude similar to a history of paternal and adult smoking. CONCLUSIONS RA was associated with low childhood SES sustained into adulthood, with cumulative effects across multiple measures, suggesting the importance of other unmeasured factors linking SES and RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine G Parks
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC 27599, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
The impact of perinatal immune development on mucosal homeostasis and chronic inflammation. Nat Rev Immunol 2011; 12:9-23. [PMID: 22158411 DOI: 10.1038/nri3112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mucosal surfaces of the gut and airways have important barrier functions and regulate the induction of immunological tolerance. The rapidly increasing incidence of chronic inflammatory disorders of these surfaces, such as inflammatory bowel disease and asthma, indicates that the immune functions of these mucosae are becoming disrupted in humans. Recent data indicate that events in prenatal and neonatal life orchestrate mucosal homeostasis. Several environmental factors promote the perinatal programming of the immune system, including colonization of the gut and airways by commensal microorganisms. These complex microbial-host interactions operate in a delicate temporal and spatial manner and have an important role in the induction of homeostatic mechanisms.
Collapse
|
10
|
Imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cells in cardiac injury induced by ambient fine particles. Toxicol Lett 2011; 208:225-31. [PMID: 22134058 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The study was to explore the potential immunoregulatory mechanisms linking fine particles and cardiac injury. Wistar kyoto (WKY) rats were exposed by intratracheal instillation to fine particles with the doses of 0.0, 1.6, 8.0 and 40.0mg/kg b.w., respectively. The exposure was conducted once a day, for three consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last exposure, the rats were sacrificed. Th1- and Th2-related transcription factors and cytokines were assessed in left ventricle of rats. The mRNA expressions of Th1- and Th2-related transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcriptionl 1 (STAT1), signal transducer and activator of transcriptional 6 (STAT6), GATA-3 and T-bet were assessed in left ventricle of rats using real-time PCR. Meanwhile, the levels of Th1- and Th2-related cytokines IL-4, IL-13 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were determined by ELISA kits in cardiac homogenate supernatant of rats. Furthermore, the protein expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ were detected in myocardium by Western blot. The results of cardiac histology demonstrated exacerbated cardiac lesions and histological characterization of inflammation and degeneration in rats after exposure to fine particles. Moreover, fine particles induced significant increase of IL-4 and IL-13 and decrease of IFN-γ in myocardium of rats. The mRNA expression of STAT1, STAT6 and GATA-3 were up-regulated in left ventricle of rats in a dose-dependent manner, whereas T-bet was significantly down-regulated. The variations of these cytokines demonstrated the imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines existed in cardiac injuries induced by fine particle. The imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines might be one of the mechanisms of immunotoxicity of cardiovascular system induced by ambient fine particles.
Collapse
|
11
|
Balansky R, Ganchev G, Iltcheva M, Nikolov M, Steele VE, De Flora S. Differential carcinogenicity of cigarette smoke in mice exposed either transplacentally, early in life or in adulthood. Int J Cancer 2011; 130:1001-10. [PMID: 21484788 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) plays a dominant role in the epidemiology of human cancer. However, it is difficult to reproduce its carcinogenicity in laboratory animals. Recently, we showed that CS becomes a potent carcinogen in mice when exposure starts soon after birth. In our study, we comparatively evaluated the carcinogenic response to mainstream CS in mice at different ages. Neonatal mice were exposed daily for 4 months to CS, starting within 12 hr after birth, and sacrificed at 8 months. Adult mice were exposed for the same time period (3-7 months) and sacrificed at 11 months. Other mice were exposed transplacentally or both transplacentally and early in life. A total of 351 neonatal mice and 80 adult Swiss H mice were used. With varying intensity depending on age, CS induced pulmonary emphysema, bronchial and alveolar epithelial hyperplasia, blood vessel proliferation and hemangiomas and microadenomas in lung as well as parenchymal degeneration of liver. Histopathological alterations of kidney were only observed in mice exposed to CS early in life. Lung adenomas and malignant tumors of various histopathological nature were detected in neonatally exposed mice but not in adults. Transplacental CS induced the formation of lung adenomas in the offspring 8 months after birth. Previous exposure during pregnancy attenuated CS-related alveolar epithelial hyperplasia induced after birth. In conclusion, the carcinogenic response to CS varies depending on the developmental stage. The early postnatal life and the prenatal life are particularly at risk for the later development of CS-related tumors.
Collapse
|
12
|
Winans B, Humble MC, Lawrence BP. Environmental toxicants and the developing immune system: a missing link in the global battle against infectious disease? Reprod Toxicol 2011; 31:327-36. [PMID: 20851760 PMCID: PMC3033466 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There is now compelling evidence that developmental exposure to chemicals from our environment contributes to disease later in life, with animal models supporting this concept in reproductive, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast, data regarding how developmental exposures impact the susceptibility of the immune system to functional alterations later in life are surprisingly scant. Given that the immune system forms an integrated network that detects and destroys invading pathogens and cancer cells, it provides the body's first line of defense. Thus, the consequences of early life exposures that reduce immune function are profound. This review summarizes available data for pollutants such as cigarette smoke and dioxin-like compounds, which consistently support the idea that developmental exposures critically impact the immune system. These findings suggest that exposure to common chemicals from our daily environment represent overlooked contributors to the fact that infectious diseases remain among the top five causes of death worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Winans
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology Training Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Michael C. Humble
- Cellular, Organs and Systems Pathobiology Branch, Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27560
| | - B. Paige Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Toxicology Training Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Singh SP, Mishra NC, Rir-sima-ah J, Campen M, Kurup V, Razani-Boroujerdi S, Sopori ML. Maternal exposure to secondhand cigarette smoke primes the lung for induction of phosphodiesterase-4D5 isozyme and exacerbated Th2 responses: rolipram attenuates the airway hyperreactivity and muscarinic receptor expression but not lung inflammation and atopy. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2009; 183:2115-21. [PMID: 19596983 PMCID: PMC3191864 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Airway hyperreactivity (AHR), lung inflammation, and atopy are clinical signs of allergic asthma. Gestational exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) markedly increases the risk for childhood allergic asthma. Muscarinic receptors regulate airway smooth muscle tone, and asthmatics exhibit increased AHR to muscarinic agonists. We have previously reported that in a murine model of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, maternal exposure to mainstream CS increases AHR after acute intratracheal administration of Aspergillus fumigatus extract. However, the mechanism by which gestational CS induces allergic asthma is unclear. We now show for the first time that, compared with controls, mice exposed prenatally to secondhand CS exhibit increased lung inflammation (predominant infiltration by eosinophils and polymorphs), atopy, and airway resistance, and produce proinflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-13, but not IL-2 or IFN-gamma). These changes, which occur only after an allergen (A. fumigatus extract) treatment, are correlated with marked up-regulated lung expression of M1, M2, and M3 muscarinic receptors and phosphodiesterase (PDE)4D5 isozyme. Interestingly, the PDE4-selective inhibitor rolipram attenuates the increase in AHR, muscarinic receptors, and PDE4D5, but fails to down-regulate lung inflammation, Th2 cytokines, or serum IgE levels. Thus, the fetus is extraordinarily sensitive to CS, inducing allergic asthma after postnatal exposure to allergens. Although the increased AHR might reflect increased PDE4D5 and muscarinic receptor expression, the mechanisms underlying atopy and lung inflammation are unrelated to the PDE4 activity. Thus, PDE4 inhibitors might ease AHR, but are unlikely to attenuate lung inflammation and atopy associated with childhood allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shashi P. Singh
- Respiratory Immunology Division, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Neerad C. Mishra
- Respiratory Immunology Division, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Jules Rir-sima-ah
- Respiratory Immunology Division, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Mathew Campen
- Respiratory Immunology Division, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Viswanath Kurup
- VA Medical Center and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Seddigheh Razani-Boroujerdi
- Respiratory Immunology Division, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Mohan L. Sopori
- Respiratory Immunology Division, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ng SP, Zelikoff JT. The effects of prenatal exposure of mice to cigarette smoke on offspring immune parameters. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2008; 71:445-453. [PMID: 18306092 DOI: 10.1080/15287390701839281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
While direct exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) was shown in numerous human and animal studies to impair host immune responses, effects on the offspring following in utero CS exposure are relatively unknown. Thus, a toxicological study was performed that extended our previous investigations examining the effects of relatively low-dose CS exposure on immune tumor surveillance parameters of the prenatally exposed offspring. In the current study, pregnant B6C3F1 mice were exposed by inhalation to mainstream CS (at a concentration equivalent to smoking approximately 1 pack of cigarettes/d) for 5 d/wk, 4 h/d from gestational day 4 to parturition. Smoke-induced effects on a number of immune parameters were examined in 3- (and/or 5-), 10-, and 20-wk-old male and female offspring, including lymphoid organ weight/cellularity; blood and bronchopulmonary lavage cell numbers/profiles; splenic lymphocyte proliferation; mixed lymphocyte reactions; and, host resistance against transplanted melanoma cells. Exposure in utero to CS significantly increased circulating white blood cell and lymphocyte numbers in both sexes for up to 2.5 mo after birth (compared to their age-/sex-matched, air-exposed counterparts). In addition, 3-wk-old male and female offspring from smoke-exposed mothers had decreased mitogen-stimulated T-lymphocyte proliferation, while 5-wk-old male pups had increased mixed lymphocyte response compared to their sex-matched, air-exposed counterparts. Although effects of prenatal smoke exposure on overall offspring immunity were relatively modest, these findings could suggest that early toxic insult by CS may alter subsequent immune homeostasis in the offspring, leading, possibly, to changes in disease vulnerability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheung P Ng
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York 10987, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang L, Pinkerton KE. Air pollutant effects on fetal and early postnatal development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 81:144-54. [PMID: 17963272 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.20097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Numerical research on the health effects of air pollution has been published in the last decade. Epidemiological studies have shown that children's exposure to air pollutants during fetal development and early postnatal life is associated with many types of health problems including abnormal development (low birth weight [LBW], very low birth weight [VLBW], preterm birth [PTB], intrauterine growth restriction [IUGR], congenital defects, and intrauterine and infant mortality), decreased lung growth, increased rates of respiratory tract infections, childhood asthma, behavioral problems, and neurocognitive decrements. This review focuses on the health effects of major outdoor air pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur and nitrogen oxides (SO(2), NOx), ozone, and one common indoor air pollutant, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Animal data is presented that demonstrate perinatal windows of susceptibility to sidestream smoke, a surrogate for ETS, resulting in altered airway sensitivity and cell type frequency. A study of neonatal monkeys exposed to sidestream smoke during the perinatal period and/or early postnatal period that resulted in an altered balance of Th1-/Th2-cytokine secretion, skewing the immune response toward the allergy-associated Th2 cytokine phenotype, is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California-Davis, Old Davis Road, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Microarray Analysis of the Global Alterations in the Gene Expression in the Placentas From Cigarette-smoking Mothers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007; 83:542-50. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
17
|
Wang L, Joad JP, Abel K, Spinner A, Smiley-Jewell S, Liu H, Pinkerton KE. Effects of environmental tobacco smoke on the developing immune system of infant monkeys. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 120:445-51. [PMID: 17482667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Revised: 03/15/2007] [Accepted: 03/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with an increased incidence of allergic and infectious diseases among children that is thought to be partly due to the immaturity of the immune system. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the effects of ETS exposure on immune development during the first year of life in the nonhuman primate. METHODS Fifteen neonatal rhesus monkeys studied to 13 months of postnatal age were randomized into 3 groups: (1) exposure to filtered air, (2) continuous ETS exposure beginning at gestation day 50 (perinatal ETS); and (3) exposure to ETS beginning at 6 months of age (6-month ETS). Complete blood counts, lymphocyte subsets, and mRNA levels of 12 cytokines in PBMCs were measured. RESULTS Fetal/infant exposure to ETS altered the normal maturation of mRNA levels of IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-10, as well as the ratio of CD4 to CD8 lymphocytes, compared with filtered-air control levels. Blood lymphocyte subset distribution also significantly differed based on the onset of exposure to ETS. Subacute exposure to ETS for 2 weeks in 6-month-old infants was found to increase levels of peripheral blood neutrophils and IL-6 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS Short-term exposure to ETS can induce an acute systemic inflammatory response in the neonatal nonhuman primate, and long-term exposure to ETS beginning in utero or at 6 months of postnatal age can significantly alter immune effectors. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Normal immune system development is compromised by in utero and postnatal exposure to ETS and might contribute to ETS-related childhood diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Center for Health and the Environment,University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|