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Kedziora SM, Obermayer B, Sugulle M, Herse F, Kräker K, Haase N, Langmia IM, Müller DN, Staff AC, Beule D, Dechend R. Placental Transcriptome Profiling in Subtypes of Diabetic Pregnancies Is Strongly Confounded by Fetal Sex. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315388. [PMID: 36499721 PMCID: PMC9740420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a temporary organ with a unique structure and function to ensure healthy fetal development. Placental dysfunction is involved in pre-eclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A diabetic state affects maternal and fetal health and may lead to functional alterations of placental metabolism, inflammation, hypoxia, and weight, amplifying the fetal stress. The placental molecular adaptations to the diabetic environment and the adaptive spatio-temporal consequences to elevated glucose or insulin are largely unknown (2). We aimed to identify gene expression signatures related to the diabetic placental pathology of placentas from women with diabetes mellitus. Human placenta samples (n = 77) consisting of healthy controls, women with either gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), type 1 or type 2 diabetes, and women with GDM, type 1 or type 2 diabetes and superimposed PE were collected. Interestingly, gene expression differences quantified by total RNA sequencing were mainly driven by fetal sex rather than clinical diagnosis. Association of the principal components with a full set of clinical patient data identified fetal sex as the single main explanatory variable. Accordingly, placentas complicated by type 1 and type 2 diabetes showed only few differentially expressed genes, while possible effects of GDM and diabetic pregnancy complicated by PE were not identifiable in this cohort. We conclude that fetal sex has a prominent effect on the placental transcriptome, dominating and confounding gene expression signatures resulting from diabetes mellitus in settings of well-controlled diabetic disease. Our results support the notion of placenta as a sexual dimorphic organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Kedziora
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a Joint Cooperation between the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedikt Obermayer
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Unit Bioinformatics, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Meryam Sugulle
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Florian Herse
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a Joint Cooperation between the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Kräker
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a Joint Cooperation between the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Haase
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a Joint Cooperation between the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Immaculate M. Langmia
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a Joint Cooperation between the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik N. Müller
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a Joint Cooperation between the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Cathrine Staff
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dieter Beule
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Unit Bioinformatics, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Dechend
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a Joint Cooperation between the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- HELIOS Clinic, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-4505-40301
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2
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Kulkarni A, Muralidharan C, May SC, Tersey SA, Mirmira RG. Inside the β Cell: Molecular Stress Response Pathways in Diabetes Pathogenesis. Endocrinology 2022; 164:6783239. [PMID: 36317483 PMCID: PMC9667558 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The pathogeneses of the 2 major forms of diabetes, type 1 and type 2, differ with respect to their major molecular insults (loss of immune tolerance and onset of tissue insulin resistance, respectively). However, evidence suggests that dysfunction and/or death of insulin-producing β-cells is common to virtually all forms of diabetes. Although the mechanisms underlying β-cell dysfunction remain incompletely characterized, recent years have witnessed major advances in our understanding of the molecular pathways that contribute to the demise of the β-cell. Cellular and environmental factors contribute to β-cell dysfunction/loss through the activation of molecular pathways that exacerbate endoplasmic reticulum stress, the integrated stress response, oxidative stress, and impaired autophagy. Whereas many of these stress responsive pathways are interconnected, their individual contributions to glucose homeostasis and β-cell health have been elucidated through the development and interrogation of animal models. In these studies, genetic models and pharmacological compounds have enabled the identification of genes and proteins specifically involved in β-cell dysfunction during diabetes pathogenesis. Here, we review the critical stress response pathways that are activated in β cells in the context of the animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah C May
- Kovler Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Sarah A Tersey
- Kovler Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Raghavendra G Mirmira
- Correspondence: Raghavendra G. Mirmira, MD, PhD, Kovler Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 900 E 57th St, KCBD 8132, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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3
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Moens C, Muller CJF, Bouwens L. In vitro comparison of various antioxidants and flavonoids from Rooibos as beta cell protectants against lipotoxicity and oxidative stress-induced cell death. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268551. [PMID: 35580081 PMCID: PMC9113568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and lipotoxicity effects on pancreatic β cells play a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Flavonoids and antioxidants are under study for their cytoprotective effects and antidiabetic potential. In this study, we aimed to compare the protective effect of the Rooibos components aspalathin, isoorientin, 3-hydroxyphloretin (3-OH) and green Rooibos extract (GRT) itself, and exendin-4 and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as reference molecules, against lipotoxicity and oxidative stress. The insulin-producing β cell line INS1E was exposed to hydrogen peroxide or streptozotocin (STZ) to induce oxidative stress, and palmitate to induce lipotoxicity. Cell viability was assessed by a MTS cell viability assay. Antioxidant response and antiapoptotic gene expression was performed by qRT-PCR. Glucose transporter 2 (GLUT 2) transporter inhibition was assessed through 2-NBDG uptake. GRT and the flavonoids aspalathin and 3-hydroxyphloretin offered significant protection against oxidative stress and lipotoxicity. GRT downregulated expression of pro-apoptotic genes Txnip and Ddit3. The flavonoids aspalathin and 3-hydroxyphloretin also downregulated these genes and in addition upregulated expression of antioxidant response genes Hmox1, Nqo1 and Sod1. Isoorientin gave no cytoprotection. Cytoprotection by Rooibos components was significantly higher than by NAC or exendin-4. Rooibos components strongly protect INS1E β cells against diabetogenic stress. Cytoprotection was associated with the upregulation of antioxidant response genes of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway or suppression of the TXN system. The Rooibos molecules offered better protection against these insults than exendin-4 and NAC, making them interesting candidates as β cell cytoprotectants for therapeutic or nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Moens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Christo J. F. Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (MRC), Western Cape, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, Empangeni, South Africa
| | - Luc Bouwens
- Cell Differentiation Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
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The potential roles of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 in the development of diabetic nephropathy and actin polymerization. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17735. [PMID: 33082368 PMCID: PMC7576596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74493-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is an antioxidant enzyme that has been involved in the progression of several kidney injuries. However, the roles of NQO1 in DN are still unclear. We investigated the effects of NQO1 deficiency in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN mice. NQO1 was upregulated in the glomerulus and podocytes under hyperglycemic conditions. NQO1 knockout (NKO) mice showed more severe changes in blood glucose and body weight than WT mice after STZ treatment. Furthermore, STZ-mediated pathological parameters including glomerular injury, blood urea nitrogen levels, and foot process width were more severe in NKO mice than WT mice. Importantly, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was higher in healthy, non-treated NKO mice than WT mice. ACR response to STZ or LPS was dramatically increased in the urine of NKO mice compared to vehicle controls, while it maintained a normal range following treatment of WT mice. More importantly, we found that NQO1 can stimulate actin polymerization in an in vitro biochemical assay without directly the accumulation on F-actin. In summary, NQO1 has an important role against the development of DN pathogenesis and is a novel contributor in actin reorganization via stimulating actin polymerization.
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5
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Pol O. The role of carbon monoxide, heme oxygenase 1, and the Nrf2 transcription factor in the modulation of chronic pain and their interactions with opioids and cannabinoids. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:136-155. [PMID: 32820550 DOI: 10.1002/med.21726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain and its associated comorbidities are difficult to treat, even when the most potent analgesic compounds are used. Thus, research on new strategies to effectively relieve nociceptive and/or emotional disorders accompanying chronic pain is essential. Several studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of different carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CO-RMs), inducible heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor-2 erythroid factor-2 (Nrf2) transcription factor activators in several models of acute and chronic pain caused by inflammation, nerve injury or diabetes. More recently, the antidepressant and/or anxiolytic effects of several Nrf2 transcription factor inducers were demonstrated in a model of chronic neuropathic pain. These effects are mainly produced by inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, glial activation, mitogen-activated protein kinases and/or phosphoinositide 3-kinase/phospho-protein kinase B phosphorylation in the peripheral and/or central nervous system. Other studies also demonstrated that the analgesic effects of opioids and cannabinoids are improved when these drugs are coadministered with CO-RMs, HO-1 or Nrf2 activators in different preclinical pain models and that these improvements are generally mediated by upregulation or prevention of the downregulation of µ-opioid receptors, δ-opioid receptors and/or cannabinoid 2 receptors in the setting of chronic pain. We reviewed all these studies as well as studies on the mechanisms of action underlying the effects of CO-RMs, HO-1, and Nrf2 activators in chronic pain. In summary, activation of the Nrf2/HO-1/carbon monoxide signaling pathway alone and/or in combination with the administration of specific analgesics is a valid strategy for the treatment of chronic pain and some associated emotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Pol
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Diaz-Ruiz A, Di Francesco A, Carboneau BA, Levan SR, Pearson KJ, Price NL, Ward TM, Bernier M, de Cabo R, Mercken EM. Benefits of Caloric Restriction in Longevity and Chemical-Induced Tumorigenesis Are Transmitted Independent of NQO1. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:155-162. [PMID: 29733330 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is the most potent nonpharmacological intervention known to both protect against carcinogenesis and delay aging in laboratory animals. There is a growing number of anticarcinogens and CR mimetics that activate NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). We have previously shown that NQO1, an antioxidant enzyme that acts as an energy sensor through modulation of intracellular redox and metabolic state, is upregulated by CR. Here, we used NQO1-knockout (KO) mice to investigate the role of NQO1 in both the aging process and tumor susceptibility, specifically in the context of CR. We found that NQO1 is not essential for the beneficial effects of CR on glucose homeostasis, physical performance, metabolic flexibility, life-span extension, and (unlike our previously observation with Nrf2) chemical-induced tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Diaz-Ruiz
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Nutritional Interventions Group, Precision Nutrition and Aging, Institute IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Di Francesco
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bethany A Carboneau
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sophia R Levan
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kevin J Pearson
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Nathan L Price
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Theresa M Ward
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Nutritional Interventions Group, Precision Nutrition and Aging, Institute IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain
| | - Evi M Mercken
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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7
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Laporte C, Tubbs E, Cristante J, Gauchez AS, Pesenti S, Lamarche F, Cottet-Rousselle C, Garrel C, Moisan A, Moulis JM, Fontaine E, Benhamou PY, Lablanche S. Human mesenchymal stem cells improve rat islet functionality under cytokine stress with combined upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:85. [PMID: 30867050 PMCID: PMC6416979 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Islets of Langerhans transplantation is a promising therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus, but this technique is compromised by transplantation stresses including inflammation. In other tissues, co-transplantation with mesenchymal stem cells has been shown to reduce damage by improving anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant defences. Therefore, we probed the protection afforded by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to islets under pro-inflammatory cytokine stress. Methods In order to evaluate the cytoprotective potential of mesenchymal stem cells on rat islets, co-cultures were exposed to the interleukin-1, tumour necrosis factor α and interferon γ cocktail for 24 h. Islet viability and functionality tests were performed. Reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were measured. Expression of stress-inducible genes acting as anti-oxidants and detoxifiers, such as superoxide dismutases 1 and 2, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin H, was compared to non-stressed cells, and the corresponding proteins were measured. Data were analysed by a two-way ANOVA followed by a Holm-Sidak post hoc analysis. Results Exposure of rat islets to cytokines induces a reduction in islet viability and functionality concomitant with an oxidative status shift with an increase of cytosolic ROS production. Mesenchymal stem cells did not significantly increase rat islet viability under exposure to cytokines but protected islets from the loss of insulin secretion. A drastic reduction of the antioxidant factors heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin H protein levels was observed in islets exposed to the cytokine cocktail with a prevention of this effect by the presence of mesenchymal stem cells. Conclusions Our data evidenced that MSCs are able to preserve islet insulin secretion through a modulation of the oxidative imbalance mediated by heme and iron via heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin in a context of cytokine exposure. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1190-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Laporte
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.
| | - Emily Tubbs
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Justine Cristante
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gauchez
- Biology Institute, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sandra Pesenti
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69600, Oullins, France
| | - Frédéric Lamarche
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Cécile Cottet-Rousselle
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Garrel
- Biology Institute, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Anaick Moisan
- Cell Therapy and Engineering Unit, EFS Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 464 Route de lancey - La Bâtie, 38330, Saint Ismier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Moulis
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,CEA-Grenoble, Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute (BIG), 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Fontaine
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Benhamou
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Lablanche
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), INSERM U 1055 and SFR Environmental and Systems Biology (BEeSy), University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, BP 53, F-38041, Grenoble Cedex, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
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8
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Sthijns MMJPE, van Blitterswijk CA, LaPointe VLS. Redox regulation in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering: The paradox of oxygen. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:2013-2020. [PMID: 30044552 PMCID: PMC6221092 DOI: 10.1002/term.2730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is to incorporate a functioning vasculature to overcome the consequences of a lack of oxygen and nutrients in the tissue construct. Otherwise, decreased oxygen tension leads to incomplete metabolism and the formation of the so‐called reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cells have many endogenous antioxidant systems to ensure a balance between ROS and antioxidants, but if this balance is disrupted by factors such as high levels of ROS due to long‐term hypoxia, there will be tissue damage and dysfunction. Current attempts to solve the oxygen problem in the field rarely take into account the importance of the redox balance and are instead centred on releasing or generating oxygen. The first problem with this approach is that although oxygen is necessary for life, it is paradoxically also a highly toxic molecule. Furthermore, although some oxygen‐generating biomaterials produce oxygen, they also generate hydrogen peroxide, a ROS, as an intermediate product. In this review, we discuss why it would be a superior strategy to supplement oxygen delivery with molecules to safeguard the important redox balance. Redox sensor proteins that can stimulate the anaerobic metabolism, angiogenesis, and enhancement of endogenous antioxidant systems are discussed as promising targets. We propose that redox regulating biomaterials have the potential to tackle some of the challenges related to angiogenesis and that the knowledge in this review will help scientists in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine realize this aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille M J P E Sthijns
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens A van Blitterswijk
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Vanessa L S LaPointe
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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9
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The Inhibitory Effects of Cobalt Protoporphyrin IX and Cannabinoid 2 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112268. [PMID: 29143802 PMCID: PMC5713238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 inhibits neuropathy and modulates the activity of delta-opioid receptors (DOR) in type 2 diabetic mice but the impact of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway on the antinociceptive actions of cannabinoid 2 receptors (CB2R) has not been assessed. Using male mice BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb/J (db/db) we investigated if treatment with cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPP), an HO-1 inductor, inhibited mechanical allodynia, hyperglycemia and obesity associated to type 2 diabetes. The antinociceptive effects of JWH-015 and JWH-133 (CB2R agonists) administered with and without CoPP or sulforaphane (SFN), a Nrf2 transcription factor activator, have been also evaluated. The expression of Nrf2, HO-1, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in sciatic nerve and that of the CB2R on the dorsal root ganglia from animals treated with CoPP and/or SFN were assessed. CoPP treatment inhibited allodynia, hyperglycemia and body weight gain in db/db mice by enhancing HO-1/NQO1 levels and reducing JNK phosphorylation. Both CoPP and SFN improved the antiallodynic effects of JWH-015 and JWH-133 and expression of CB2R in db/db mice. Therefore, we concluded that the activation of antioxidant Nrf2/HO-1 pathway potentiate the effects of CB2R agonists and might be suitable for the treatment of painful neuropathy linked to type 2 diabetes.
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10
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McDonnell C, Leánez S, Pol O. The induction of the transcription factor Nrf2 enhances the antinociceptive effects of delta-opioid receptors in diabetic mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180998. [PMID: 28700700 PMCID: PMC5507309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in the modulation of the antinociceptive effects of opioids in type 1 diabetes has been demonstrated but the role played by the transcription factor Nrf2 in the regulation of painful neuropathy and in the effects and expression of δ-opioid receptors (DOR) in type 2 diabetes, has not been studied. In male BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb/J (db/db) mice, the anti-allodynic effects produced by a Nrf2 transcription factor activator, sulforaphane (SFN) administered alone and combined with two DOR agonists, [d-Pen(2),d-Pen(5)]-Enkephalin (DPDPE) and (+)-4-[(αR)-α-((2S,5R)-4-Allyl-2,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl]-N,N diethylbenzamide (SNC-80), were evaluated. The effects of SFN on glucose levels and body weight as well as on the proteins levels of Nrf2, HO-1, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), MAPKs (JNK) and DOR in sciatic nerve from db/db mice were also assessed. This study showed that the administration of SFN dose dependently reversed mechanical allodynia, reduced hyperglycemia and body weight gain associated to type 2 diabetes and significantly increased the anti-allodynic effects of DPDPE and SNC-80 in db/db mice. This treatment normalized the down regulation of Nrf2 and NQO1 and enhanced the protein levels of HO-1 in db/db mice. Moreover, the administration of SFN also inhibited the JNK phosphorylation and DOR down-regulation in the sciatic nerve of diabetic mice. Our data indicated that SFN treatment is effective in reversing mechanical allodynia and enhancing DOR antinociceptive effects in db/db mice which effects might be mediated by activating Nrf2 signaling, reducing hyperglycemia, inhibiting JNK phosphorylation and avoiding DOR down-regulation in the sciatic nerve of these animals. These results propose SFN, alone and/or combined with DOR agonists, as interesting approaches for the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy associated to type 2 diabetes in mice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Body Weight/drug effects
- Body Weight/genetics
- Body Weight/physiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetic Neuropathies/metabolism
- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-/pharmacology
- Hyperalgesia/metabolism
- Isothiocyanates/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Sulfoxides
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina McDonnell
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Leánez
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Pol
- Grup de Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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11
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A mechanistic study to increase understanding of titanium dioxide nanoparticles-increased plasma glucose in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 95:175-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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NAD(P)H-dependent quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYP450OR) differentially regulate menadione-mediated alterations in redox status, survival and metabolism in pancreatic β-cells. Toxicol Lett 2016; 262:1-11. [PMID: 27558805 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
NQO1 (NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1) reduces quinones and xenobiotics to less-reactive compounds via 2-electron reduction, one feature responsible for the role of NQO1 in antioxidant defense in several tissues. In contrast, NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYP450OR), catalyzes the 1-electron reduction of quinones and xenobiotics, resulting in enhanced superoxide formation. However, to date, the roles of NQO1 and CYP450OR in pancreatic β-cell metabolism under basal conditions and oxidant challenge have not been characterized. Using NQO1 inhibition, over-expression and knock out, we have demonstrated that, in addition to protection of β-cells from toxic concentrations of the redox cycling quinone menadione, NQO1 also regulates the basal level of reduced-to-oxidized nucleotides, suggesting other role(s) beside that of an antioxidant enzyme. In contrast, over-expression of NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYP450OR) resulted in enhanced redox cycling activity and decreased cellular viability, consistent with the enhanced generation of superoxide and H2O2. Basal expression of NQO1 and CYP450OR was comparable in isolated islets and liver. However, NQO1, but not CYP450OR, was strongly induced in β-cells exposed to menadione. NQO1 and CYP450OR exhibited a reciprocal preference for reducing equivalents in β-cells: while CYP450OR preferentially utilized NADPH, NQO1 primarily utilized NADH. Together, these results demonstrate that NQO1 and CYP450OR reciprocally regulate oxidant metabolism in pancreatic β-cells.
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13
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López-Lluch G, Navas P. Calorie restriction as an intervention in ageing. J Physiol 2016; 594:2043-60. [PMID: 26607973 PMCID: PMC4834802 DOI: 10.1113/jp270543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing causes loss of function in tissues and organs, is accompanied by a chronic inflammatory process and affects life- and healthspan. Calorie restriction (CR) is a non-genetic intervention that prevents age-associated diseases and extends longevity in most of the animal models studied so far. CR produces a pleiotropic effect and improves multiple metabolic pathways, generating benefits to the whole organism. Among the effects of CR, modulation of mitochondrial activity and a decrease in oxidative damage are two of the hallmarks. Oxidative damage is reduced by the induction of endogenous antioxidant systems and modulation of the peroxidability index in cell membranes. Mitochondrial activity changes are regulated by inhibition of IGF-1 and Target of Rapamycin (TOR)-dependent activities and activation of AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) and the sirtuin family of proteins. The activity of PGC-1α and FoxO is regulated by these systems and is involved in mitochondria biogenesis, oxidative metabolism activity and mitochondrial turnover. The use of mimetics and the regulation of common factors have demonstrated that these molecular pathways are essential to explain the effect of CR in the organism. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effect of CR is an interesting emerging factor to be taken into consideration. In the present revision we focus on the general effect of CR and other mimetics in longevity, focusing especially on the cardiovascular system and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo López-Lluch
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
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Effects of Bauhinia forficata Tea on Oxidative Stress and Liver Damage in Diabetic Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:8902954. [PMID: 26839634 PMCID: PMC4709764 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8902954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Bauhinia forficata Link subsp. pruinosa (BF) tea on oxidative stress and liver damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Diabetic male mice have remained 30 days without any treatment. BF treatment started on day 31 and continued for 21 days as a drinking-water substitute. We evaluated (1) BF chemical composition; (2) glucose levels; (3) liver/body weight ratio and liver transaminases; (4) reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation in liver; (5) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in liver; (6) δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) and nonprotein thiols (NPSH) in liver; (7) Nrf2, NQO-1, and HSP70 levels in liver and pancreas. Phytochemical analyses identified four phenols compounds. Diabetic mice present high levels of NQO-1 in pancreas, increased levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation in liver, and decrease in CAT activity. BF treatment normalized all these parameters. BF did not normalize hyperglycemia, liver/body weight ratio, aspartate aminotransferase, protein carbonyl, NPSH levels, and δ-ALA-D activity. The raised oxidative stress seems to be a potential mechanism involved in liver damage in hyperglycemic conditions. Our results indicated that BF protective effect could be attributed to its antioxidant capacity, more than a hypoglycemic potential.
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15
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Hu H, Guo Q, Wang C, Ma X, He H, Oh Y, Feng Y, Wu Q, Gu N. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles increase plasma glucose via reactive oxygen species-induced insulin resistance in mice. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 35:1122-32. [PMID: 25826740 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There have been few reports about the possible toxic effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanoparticles on the endocrine system. We explored the endocrine effects of oral administration to mice of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (0, 64 and 320 mg kg(-1) body weight per day to control, low-dose and high-dose groups, respectively, 7 days per week for 14 weeks). TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), and their physiological distribution was investigated by inductively coupled plasma. Biochemical analyzes included plasma glucose, insulin, heart blood triglycerides (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related markers (total SOD, GSH and MDA). Phosphorylation of IRS1, Akt, JNK1, and p38 MAPK were analyzed by western blotting. Increased titanium levels were found in the liver, spleen, small intestine, kidney and pancreas. Biochemical analyzes showed that plasma glucose significantly increased whereas there was no difference in plasma insulin secretion. Increased ROS levels were found in serum and the liver, as evidenced by reduced total SOD activity and GSH level and increased MDA content. Western blotting showed that oral administration of TiO2 nanoparticles induced insulin resistance (IR) in mouse liver, shown by increased phosphorylation of IRS1 (Ser307) and reduced phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473). The pathway by which TiO2 nanoparticles increase ROS-induced IR were included in the inflammatory response and phosphokinase, as shown by increased serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and increased phosphorylation of JNK1 and p38 MAPK in liver. These results show that oral administration of TiO2 nanoparticles increases ROS, resulting in IR and increasing plasma glucose in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Changlin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Research Center for Advanced Tea Processing, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongjuan He
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yuri Oh
- Faculty of Education, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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16
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Güçlü A, Yonguç N, Dodurga Y, Gündoğdu G, Güçlü Z, Yonguç T, Adıgüzel E, Turkmen K. The effects of grape seed on apoptosis-related gene expression and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Ren Fail 2015; 37:192-7. [PMID: 25565258 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.991996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. Emerging evidences indicate that many mechanistic pathways including apoptosis play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study is to show the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included control group, diabetic group without treatment and diabetic group treated with GSE (n=7) group. GSE was given orally (100 mg/kg/day) for six weeks. Following parameters were evaluated; oxidative stress index, caspase 1, IL1-alpha, caspase 2, IL1-beta, BCL2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), DNA fragmentation factor, alpha subunit and beta bubunit (DFFA, DFFB), BH3 interacting domain death agonist (BID), caspase 6, Bcl2-like 1 (BCL-XL), caspase 8, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1 b (TNFRSF1B) and IAP-binding mitochondrial protein (DIABLO). RESULTS Oxidative stress index levels were significantly increased in the kidney of diabetic group without treatment compared to control group, and decreased in diabetic+GSE group compared to diabetic group without treatment. In the kidney of diabetic group without treatment, caspase 1, IL-1 alpha, BAD, DFFA, DFFB and caspase-6 gene expressions were significantly higher compared to control group. In diabetic+GSE group caspase 1, caspase 2, XIAP, DFFA, BID, BCL-XL and TNFRSF1B genes were significantly decreased compared to control group. CONCLUSIONS Grape seed reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis gene expression suggesting the protective effect on diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydın Güçlü
- Department of Nephrology, Ahi Evran University Training and Research Hospital , Kırşehir , Turkey
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Hwang JH, Kim YH, Noh JR, Gang GT, Kim KS, Chung HK, Tadi S, Yim YH, Shong M, Lee CH. The protective role of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 on acetaminophen-induced liver injury is associated with prevention of adenosine triphosphate depletion and improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction. Arch Toxicol 2014; 89:2159-66. [PMID: 25224400 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED An overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) causes hepatotoxicity due to its metabolite, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine. NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is an important enzyme for detoxification, because it catabolizes endogenous/exogenous quinone to hydroquinone. Although various studies have suggested the possible involvement of NQO1 in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, its precise role in this remains unclear. We investigated the role of NQO1 against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity using a genetically modified rodent model. NQO1 wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice were treated with different doses of APAP, and we evaluated the mortality and toxicity markers for cell death caused by APAP. NQO1 KO mice showed high sensitivity to APAP-mediated hepatotoxicity (as indicated by a large necrotic region) as well as increased levels of nitrotyrosine adducts and reactive oxygen species. APAP-induced cell death in the livers and primary hepatocytes of NQO1 KO mice, which was accompanied by an extensive reduction in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. In accordance with this ATP depletion, cytosolic increases in mitochondrial proteins such as apoptosis-inducing factor, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases/DIABLO, endonuclease G, and cytochrome c, which indicate severe mitochondrial dysfunction, were observed in NQO1 KO mice but not in WT mice after APAP exposure. Severe mitochondrial depolarization was also greater in hepatocytes isolated from NQO1 KO mice. Collectively, our data suggest that NQO1 plays a critical role in protection against energy depletion caused by APAP, and NQO1 may be useful in the development of therapeutic approaches to effectively diminish the hepatotoxicity caused by an APAP overdose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Hwang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ran Noh
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea
| | - Gil-Tae Gang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Shim Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea
| | - Hyo Kyun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Chungku, Daejeon, 301-721, South Korea
| | - Surendar Tadi
- Division of Metrology for Quality Life, Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yong-Hyeon Yim
- Division of Metrology for Quality Life, Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Chungku, Daejeon, 301-721, South Korea.
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), University of Science and Technology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, South Korea.
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