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Sun W, Lei Y, Jiang Z, Wang K, Liu H, Xu T. BPA and low-Se exacerbate apoptosis and mitophagy in chicken pancreatic cells by regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00042-0. [PMID: 38311007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread environmental pollutant which has serious toxic effects on organisms. One of the crucial trace elements is selenium (Se), whose shortage can harm biological tissues and enhance the toxicity of contaminants, in which apoptosis and autophagy are core events. OBJECTIVES An in vivo model was established to investigate the effects of BPA and low-Se on chicken pancreatic tissue, and identify the possible potential molecular mechanism. METHODS A total of 80 1-day-old broiler chickens (Xinghua Chicken Farm, Harbin, China) were stochastically divided into 4 groups (n = 20/group): Control group, BPA group, low-Se group, and low-Se + BPA group. Pancreatic tissue was collected at day 42 to detect changes in markers. RESULTS First, the data showed that BPA and low-Se exposure gave rose to structural abnormalities in pancreatic tissue, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and homeostasis imbalance, apoptosis and mitophagy. In addition, the co-exposure of BPA and low-Se caused the most serious damage to pancreatic tissue. In terms of mechanism, it was found that apoptosis and mitophagy induced by BPA and low-Se were related to the activation of PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION In summary, the study found that BPA and low-Se exacerbated mitochondria damage, apoptosis and mitophagy by regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yutian Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- Henan Beiai Natural Product Application and Development Engineering Research Center, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, Henan, PR China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Huanyi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Tong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Kang JH, Asai D, Toita R. Bisphenol A (BPA) and Cardiovascular or Cardiometabolic Diseases. J Xenobiot 2023; 13:775-810. [PMID: 38132710 PMCID: PMC10745077 DOI: 10.3390/jox13040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA; 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol) is a well-known endocrine disruptor. Most human exposure to BPA occurs through the consumption of BPA-contaminated foods. Cardiovascular or cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, acute kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure are the leading causes of death worldwide. Positive associations have been reported between blood or urinary BPA levels and cardiovascular or cardiometabolic diseases. BPA also induces disorders or dysfunctions in the tissues associated with these diseases through various cell signaling pathways. This review highlights the literature elucidating the relationship between BPA and various cardiovascular or cardiometabolic diseases and the potential mechanisms underlying BPA-mediated disorders or dysfunctions in tissues such as blood vessels, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, kidney, and heart that are associated with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Kang
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Shinmachi, Kishibe, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Daisuke Asai
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan;
| | - Riki Toita
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Osaka 563-8577, Japan;
- AIST-Osaka University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-1 Yamadaoka, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Mishra A, Goel D, Shankar S. Bisphenol A contamination in aquatic environments: a review of sources, environmental concerns, and microbial remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1352. [PMID: 37861868 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11977-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The production of polycarbonate, a high-performance transparent plastic, employs bisphenol A, which is a prominent endocrine-disrupting compound. Polycarbonates are frequently used in the manufacturing of food, bottles, storage containers for newborns, and beverage packaging materials. Global production of BPA in 2022 was estimated to be in the region of 10 million tonnes. About 65-70% of all bisphenol A is used to make polycarbonate plastics. Bisphenol A leaches from improperly disposed plastic items and enters the environment through wastewater from plastic-producing industries, contaminating, sediments, surface water, and ground water. The concentration BPA in industrial and domestic wastewater ranges from 16 to 1465 ng/L while in surface water it has been detected 170-3113 ng/L. Wastewater treatment can be highly effective at removing BPA, giving reductions of 91-98%. Regardless, the remaining 2-9% of BPA will continue through to the environment, with low levels of BPA commonly observed in surface water and sediment in the USA and Europe. The health effects of BPA have been the subject of prolonged public and scientific debate, with PubMed listing more than 17,000 scientific papers as of 2023. Bisphenol A poses environmental and health hazards in aquatic systems, affecting ecosystems and human health. While several studies have revealed its presence in aqueous streams, environmentally sound technologies should be explored for its removal from the contaminated environment. Concern is mostly related to its estrogen-like activity, although it can interact with other receptor systems as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. Present review article encompasses the updated information on sources, environmental concerns, and sustainable remediation techniques for bisphenol A removal from aquatic ecosystems, discussing gaps, constraints, and future research requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Mishra
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences (SoVSAS), Gautam Buddha University (GBU), Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201 312, India
| | - Divya Goel
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences (SoVSAS), Gautam Buddha University (GBU), Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201 312, India
| | - Shiv Shankar
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences (SoVSAS), Gautam Buddha University (GBU), Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201 312, India.
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Huang RG, Li XB, Wang YY, Wu H, Li KD, Jin X, Du YJ, Wang H, Qian FY, Li BZ. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and autoimmune diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116222. [PMID: 37224951 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) widely exist in people's production and life which have great potential to damage human and animal health. Over the past few decades, growing attention has been paid to the impact of EDCs on human health, as well as immune system. So far, researchers have proved that EDCs (such as bisphenol A (BPA), phthalate, tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), etc.) affect human immune function and promotes the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases (ADs). Therefore, in order to better understand how EDCs affect ADs, we summarized the current knowledge about the impact of EDCs on ADs, and elaborated the potential mechanism of the impact of EDCs on ADs in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Gui Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xian-Bao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Yu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kai-Di Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xue Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu-Jie Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Bao-Zhu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Milanović M, Milošević N, Milić N, Stojanoska MM, Petri E, Filipović JM. Food contaminants and potential risk of diabetes development: A narrative review. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:705-723. [PMID: 37383596 PMCID: PMC10294057 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of people diagnosed with diabetes continues to increase, especially among younger populations. Apart from genetic predisposition and lifestyle, there is increasing scientific and public concern that environmental agents may also contribute to diabetes. Food contamination by chemical substances that originate from packaging materials, or are the result of chemical reactions during food processing, is generally recognized as a worldwide problem with potential health hazards. Phthalates, bisphenol A (BPA) and acrylamide (AA) have been the focus of attention in recent years, due to the numerous adverse health effects associated with their exposure. This paper summarizes the available data about the association between phthalates, BPA and AA exposure and diabetes. Although their mechanism of action has not been fully clarified, in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies have made significant progress toward identifying the potential roles of phthalates, BPA and AA in diabetes development and progression. These chemicals interfere with multiple signaling pathways involved in glucose and lipid homeostasis and can aggravate the symptoms of diabetes. Especially concerning are the effects of exposure during early stages and the gestational period. Well-designed prospective studies are needed in order to better establish prevention strategies against the harmful effects of these food contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Milanović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Nataša Milošević
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Nataša Milić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Milica Medić Stojanoska
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Edward Petri
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Jelena Marković Filipović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
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Martínez-Pinna J, Sempere-Navarro R, Medina-Gali RM, Fuentes E, Quesada I, Sargis RM, Trasande L, Nadal A. Endocrine disruptors in plastics alter β-cell physiology and increase the risk of diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E488-E505. [PMID: 37134142 PMCID: PMC10228669 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00068.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution breaks a planetary boundary threatening wildlife and humans through its physical and chemical effects. Of the latter, the release of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has consequences on the prevalence of human diseases related to the endocrine system. Bisphenols (BPs) and phthalates are two groups of EDCs commonly found in plastics that migrate into the environment and make low-dose human exposure ubiquitous. Here we review epidemiological, animal, and cellular studies linking exposure to BPs and phthalates to altered glucose regulation, with emphasis on the role of pancreatic β-cells. Epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to BPs and phthalates is associated with diabetes mellitus. Studies in animal models indicate that treatment with doses within the range of human exposure decreases insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, induces dyslipidemia, and modifies functional β-cell mass and serum levels of insulin, leptin, and adiponectin. These studies reveal that disruption of β-cell physiology by EDCs plays a key role in impairing glucose homeostasis by altering the mechanisms used by β-cells to adapt to metabolic stress such as chronic nutrient excess. Studies at the cellular level demonstrate that BPs and phthalates modify the same biochemical pathways involved in adaptation to chronic excess fuel. These include changes in insulin biosynthesis and secretion, electrical activity, expression of key genes, and mitochondrial function. The data summarized here indicate that BPs and phthalates are important risk factors for diabetes mellitus and support a global effort to decrease plastic pollution and human exposure to EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Martínez-Pinna
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Roberto Sempere-Navarro
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Regla M Medina-Gali
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Fuentes
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivan Quesada
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
- Wagner School of Public Service, New York University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Angel Nadal
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Yao X, Geng S, Zhu L, Jiang H, Wen J. Environmental pollutants exposure and gestational diabetes mellitus: Evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 332:138866. [PMID: 37164202 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Except for known sociodemographic factors, long-term exposure to environmental pollutants has been shown to contribute to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the conclusions remain controversial. To provide a comprehensive overview of the association between environmental pollutants and GDM, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. Several electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Medline and Cochrane) were searched for related epidemiological and experimental studies up to September 2022. For epidemiological studies, a meta-analysis was carried out to appraise the effect of environmental pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), phenols, phthalates (PAEs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and parabens exposure on GDM. Moreover, we also summarized possible biological mechanisms linking pollution exposure and GDM based on the included experimental studies. A total of 80 articles were enrolled, including 38 epidemiological studies and 42 experimental studies. Meta-analysis results showed that exposure to PAEs [OR (95%CI) = 1.07 (1.00, 1.14)], PFASs [OR (95%CI) = 1.10 (1.01, 1.19)], as well as PCBs [OR (95%CI) = 1.18 (1.02, 1.36)] and PBDEs [OR (95%CI) = 1.33 (1.17, 1.50)] significantly increased the risk of GDM, but no significant effects were found for phenols, OCPs, and parabens. In addition, experimental studies suggested that the potential biological mechanisms of environmental pollutants contributing to GDM may involve insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, neurohormonal dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, epigenetic modification, and alterations in gut microbiome. In conclusion, long-term environmental pollutants exposure may induce the development of GDM, and there may be a synergistic effect between the homologs. However, studies conducted on the direct biological link between environmental pollutants and GDM were few. More prospective studies and high-quality in vivo and in vitro experiments were needed to investigate the specific effects and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodie Yao
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, PR China
| | - Shijie Geng
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, PR China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, PR China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, PR China.
| | - Juan Wen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210004, PR China.
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Filippone A, Rossi C, Rossi MM, Di Micco A, Maggiore C, Forcina L, Natale M, Costantini L, Merendino N, Di Leone A, Franceschini G, Masetti R, Magno S. Endocrine Disruptors in Food, Estrobolome and Breast Cancer. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093158. [PMID: 37176599 PMCID: PMC10178963 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota is now recognized as one of the major players in human health and diseases, including cancer. Regarding breast cancer (BC), a clear link between microbiota and oncogenesis still needs to be confirmed. Yet, part of the bacterial gene mass inside the gut, constituting the so called "estrobolome", influences sexual hormonal balance and, since the increased exposure to estrogens is associated with an increased risk, may impact on the onset, progression, and treatment of hormonal dependent cancers (which account for more than 70% of all BCs). The hormonal dependent BCs are also affected by environmental and dietary endocrine disruptors and phytoestrogens which interact with microbiota in a bidirectional way: on the one side disruptors can alter the composition and functions of the estrobolome, ad on the other the gut microbiota influences the metabolism of endocrine active food components. This review highlights the current evidence about the complex interplay between endocrine disruptors, phytoestrogens, microbiome, and BC, within the frames of a new "oncobiotic" perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Filippone
- Center for Integrative Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Rossi
- Center for Integrative Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Rossi
- Center for Integrative Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Di Micco
- Center for Integrative Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Maggiore
- Center for Integrative Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Forcina
- Center for Integrative Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Natale
- Breast Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lara Costantini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University, Largo dell'Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Nicolò Merendino
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Tuscia University, Largo dell'Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Alba Di Leone
- Breast Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Franceschini
- Breast Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Women's Health Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Masetti
- Breast Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Women's Health Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Magno
- Center for Integrative Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Lampi E, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Silano (until 21 December 2020†) V, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Vernis L, Zorn H, Batke M, Bignami M, Corsini E, FitzGerald R, Gundert‐Remy U, Halldorsson T, Hart A, Ntzani E, Scanziani E, Schroeder H, Ulbrich B, Waalkens‐Berendsen D, Woelfle D, Al Harraq Z, Baert K, Carfì M, Castoldi AF, Croera C, Van Loveren H. Re-evaluation of the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs. EFSA J 2023; 21:e06857. [PMID: 37089179 PMCID: PMC10113887 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.6857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2015, EFSA established a temporary tolerable daily intake (t-TDI) for BPA of 4 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day. In 2016, the European Commission mandated EFSA to re-evaluate the risks to public health from the presence of BPA in foodstuffs and to establish a tolerable daily intake (TDI). For this re-evaluation, a pre-established protocol was used that had undergone public consultation. The CEP Panel concluded that it is Unlikely to Very Unlikely that BPA presents a genotoxic hazard through a direct mechanism. Taking into consideration the evidence from animal data and support from human observational studies, the immune system was identified as most sensitive to BPA exposure. An effect on Th17 cells in mice was identified as the critical effect; these cells are pivotal in cellular immune mechanisms and involved in the development of inflammatory conditions, including autoimmunity and lung inflammation. A reference point (RP) of 8.2 ng/kg bw per day, expressed as human equivalent dose, was identified for the critical effect. Uncertainty analysis assessed a probability of 57-73% that the lowest estimated Benchmark Dose (BMD) for other health effects was below the RP based on Th17 cells. In view of this, the CEP Panel judged that an additional uncertainty factor (UF) of 2 was needed for establishing the TDI. Applying an overall UF of 50 to the RP, a TDI of 0.2 ng BPA/kg bw per day was established. Comparison of this TDI with the dietary exposure estimates from the 2015 EFSA opinion showed that both the mean and the 95th percentile dietary exposures in all age groups exceeded the TDI by two to three orders of magnitude. Even considering the uncertainty in the exposure assessment, the exceedance being so large, the CEP Panel concluded that there is a health concern from dietary BPA exposure.
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10
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Ahn C, Jeung EB. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Disease Endpoints. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065342. [PMID: 36982431 PMCID: PMC10049097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have significant impacts on biological systems, and have been shown to interfere with physiological systems, especially by disrupting the hormone balance. During the last few decades, EDCs have been shown to affect reproductive, neurological, and metabolic development and function and even stimulate tumor growth. EDC exposure during development can disrupt normal development patterns and alter susceptibility to disease. Many chemicals have endocrine-disrupting properties, including bisphenol A, organochlorines, polybrominated flame retardants, alkylphenols, and phthalates. These compounds have gradually been elucidated as risk factors for many diseases, such as reproductive, neural, and metabolic diseases and cancers. Endocrine disruption has been spread to wildlife and species that are connected to the food chains. Dietary uptake represents an important source of EDC exposure. Although EDCs represent a significant public health concern, the relationship and specific mechanism between EDCs and diseases remain unclear. This review focuses on the disease-EDC relationship and the disease endpoints associated with endocrine disruption for a better understanding of the relationship between EDCs-disease and elucidates the development of new prevention/treatment opportunities and screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhwan Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-043-261-2397; Fax: +82-43-267-3150
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11
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Szulak F, Etcheverry Boneo L, Becu-Villalobos D, Fernandez MO, Sorianello E. Benzophenones alter autophagy and ER stress gene expression in pancreatic beta cells in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:936-956. [PMID: 36484879 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00739-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Benzophenones (BPs) are endocrine disruptors frequently used in sunscreens and food packaging as UV blockers. Our goal was to assess the effect of benzophenone 2 (BP2) and 3 (BP3) on gene expression related to autophagy process and ER stress response in pancreatic beta cells. To that end, the mouse pancreatic beta cell line MIN6B1 was treated with 10 µM BP2 or BP3 in the presence or absence of the autophagy-inhibitor chloroquine (CQ, 10 µM) or the autophagy-inducer rapamycin (RAPA, 50 nM) during 24 h. BP3 inhibited the expression of the autophagic gene Ulk1, and additional effects were uncovered when autophagy was modified by CQ and RAPA. BP3 counteracted CQ-induced Lamp2 expression but did not compensate CQ-induced Sqstm1/p62 gene transcription, neither BP2. Nevertheless, the BPs did not alter the autophagic flux. In relation to ER stress, BP3 inhibited unspliced and spliced Xbp1 mRNA levels in the presence or absence of CQ, totally counteracted CQ-induced Chop gene expression, and partially reverted CQ-induced Grp78/Bip mRNA levels, while BP2 also partially inhibited Grp78/Bip mRNA induction by CQ. In conclusion, BPs, principally BP3, affect cellular adaptive responses related to autophagy, lysosomal biogenesis, and ER stress in pancreatic beta cells, indicating that BP exposure could lead to beta cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Szulak
- Laboratorio de Regulación Hipofisaria, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luz Etcheverry Boneo
- Laboratorio de Regulación Hipofisaria, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Damasia Becu-Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Regulación Hipofisaria, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Olga Fernandez
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eleonora Sorianello
- Laboratorio de Regulación Hipofisaria, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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12
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Sahu C, Jena G. Dietary zinc deficient condition increases the Bisphenol A toxicity in diabetic rat testes. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 882:503547. [PMID: 36155143 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used endocrine disrupter that causes male reproductive dysfunction in humans and rodents. Diabetes-induced hyperglycemia alters spermatogenesis and antioxidant status, which negatively impacts male fertility in adults. Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a global health concern maintaining the testicular structure and functions in developing gonads. The present experiment was designed to investigate the role of Zn deficiency on BPA-induced germ cell and male gonadal toxicity in diabetic conditions. Rats were randomly divided into eight different groups - control (normal feed and water), BPA (10 mg/kg/day), ZDD (fed with a Zn-deficient diet), DIA (diabetic), BPA+ZDD, BPA+DIA, ZDD+DIA and BPA+ZDD+DIA for four weeks. Animals' body and organ weight, sperm count, motility and sperm morphology were examined; testes and epididymis histopathology were investigated. Testicular DNA damage and sperm apoptosis were evaluated by halo and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays respectively. Testicular catalase and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) expressions were evaluated by western blot analysis. The present results demonstrated that dietary Zn-deficient condition significantly increased the BPA-induced testicular, epididymal and sperm toxicity in diabetic rats due to hypogonadism, increased sperm abnormalities, epididymis, testicular structure and DNA damages, sperm apoptosis as well as decreased testicular catalase and OCT4 expressions. The present results revealed that dietary Zn-deficient condition exacerbated the BPA-induced testicular and epididymal toxicity as well as perturbed the general male reproductive health in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chittaranjan Sahu
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
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13
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Babiloni-Chust I, Dos Santos RS, Medina-Gali RM, Perez-Serna AA, Encinar JA, Martinez-Pinna J, Gustafsson JA, Marroqui L, Nadal A. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor activation by bisphenol-A disrupts the protection from apoptosis conferred by the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ in pancreatic beta cells. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 164:107250. [PMID: 35461094 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
17β-estradiol protects pancreatic β-cells from apoptosis via the estrogen receptors ERα, ERβ and GPER. Conversely, the endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A (BPA), which exerts multiple effects in this cell type via the same estrogen receptors, increased basal apoptosis. The molecular-initiated events that trigger these opposite actions have yet to be identified. We demonstrated that combined genetic downregulation and pharmacological blockade of each estrogen receptor increased apoptosis to a different extent. The increase in apoptosis induced by BPA was diminished by the pharmacological blockade or the genetic silencing of GPER, and it was partially reproduced by the GPER agonist G1. BPA and G1-induced apoptosis were abolished upon pharmacological inhibition, silencing of ERα and ERβ, or in dispersed islet cells from ERβ knockout (BERKO) mice. However, the ERα and ERβ agonists PPT and DPN, respectively, had no effect on beta cell viability. To exert their biological actions, ERα and ERβ form homodimers and heterodimers. Molecular dynamics simulations together with proximity ligand assays and coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicated that the interaction of BPA with ERα and ERβ as well as GPER activation by G1 decreased ERαβ heterodimers. We propose that ERαβ heterodimers play an antiapoptotic role in beta cells and that BPA- and G1-induced decreases in ERαβ heterodimers lead to beta cell apoptosis. Unveiling how different estrogenic chemicals affect the crosstalk among estrogen receptors should help to identify diabetogenic endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Babiloni-Chust
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Reinaldo S Dos Santos
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Regla M Medina-Gali
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Atenea A Perez-Serna
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - José-Antonio Encinar
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Juan Martinez-Pinna
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jan-Ake Gustafsson
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Laura Marroqui
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | - Angel Nadal
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain.
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14
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Sahu C, Singla S, Jena G. Studies on male gonadal toxicity of bisphenol A in diabetic rats: An example of exacerbation effect. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e22996. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chittaranjan Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar Punjab India
| | - Shivani Singla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar Punjab India
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar Punjab India
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15
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Raja GL, Subhashree KD, Kantayya KE. In utero exposure to endocrine disruptors and developmental neurotoxicity: Implications for behavioural and neurological disorders in adult life. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111829. [PMID: 34358505 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a class of environmental toxicants that interfere with the endocrine system, resulting in developmental malformations, reproductive disorders, and alterations to immune and nervous system function. The emergence of screening studies identifying these chemicals in fetal developmental matrices such as maternal blood, placenta and amniotic fluid has steered research focus towards elucidation of in utero effects of exposure to these chemicals, as their capacity to cross the placenta and reach the fetus was established. The presence of EDCs, a majority of which are estrogen mimics, in the fetal environment during early development could potentially affect neurodevelopment, with implications for behavioural and neurological disorders in adult life. This review summarizes studies in animal models and human cohorts that aim to elucidate mechanisms of action of EDCs in the context of neurodevelopment and disease risk in adult life. This is a significant area of study as early brain development is heavily mediated by estrogen and could be particularly sensitive to EDC exposure. A network analysis presented using genes summarized in this review, further show a significant association with disorders such as major depressive disorder, alcoholic disorder, psychotic disorders and autism spectrum disorder. Functional outcomes such as alterations in memory, behaviour, cognition, learning memory, feeding behaviour and regulation of ion transport are also highlighted. Interactions between genes, receptors and signaling pathways like NMDA glutamate receptor activity, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor activity, Ras-activated Ca2+ influx and Grin2A interactions, provide further potential mechanisms of action of EDCs in mediating brain function. Taken together with the growing pool of human and animal studies, this review summarizes current status of EDC neurotoxicity research, limitations and future directions of study for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glancis Luzeena Raja
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA.
| | - K Divya Subhashree
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 603203, India
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16
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Wei P, Jiang G, Wang H, Ru S, Zhao F. Bisphenol AF exposure causes fasting hyperglycemia in zebrafish (Danio rerio) by interfering with glycometabolic networks. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 241:106000. [PMID: 34715482 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF), one of the main alternatives to bisphenol A, has been frequently detected in various environmental media, including the human body, and is an emerging contaminant. Epidemiological investigations have recently shown the implications of exposure to BPAF in the incidence of diabetes mellitus in humans, indicating that BPAF may be a potential diabetogenic endocrine disruptor. However, the effects of BPAF exposure on glucose homeostasis and their underlying mechanisms in animals remain largely unknown, which may limit our understanding of the health risks of BPAF. To this end, zebrafish (Danio rerio), an emerging and valuable model in studying animal glycometabolism and diabetes, were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (5 and 50 μg/L) and 500 μg/L BPAF for 28 d. Several key toxicity endpoints of blood glucose metabolism were detected in our study, and the results showed significantly increased fasting blood glucose levels, hepatic glycogen contents and hepatosomatic indexes and decreased muscular glycogen contents in the BPAF-exposed zebrafish. The results of quantitative real-time PCR showed the abnormal expression of genes involved in glycometabolic networks, which might promote hepatic gluconeogenesis and inhibit glycogenesis and glycolysis in the muscle and/or liver. Furthermore, the failure of insulin regulation, including plasma insulin deficiency and impaired insulin signaling pathways in target tissues, may be a potential mechanism underlying BPAF-induced dysfunctional glycometabolism. In summary, our results provide novel in vivo evidence that BPAF can cause fasting hyperglycemia by interfering with glycometabolic networks, which emphasizes the potential health risks of environmental exposure to BPAF in inducing diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghao Wei
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China; School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guobin Jiang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongfang Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Fei Zhao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China.
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17
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Abstract
Anthropogenic environmental pollutants affect many physiological, biochemical, and endocrine actions as reproduction, metabolism, immunity, behavior and as such can interfere with any aspect of hormone action. Microbiota and their genes, microbiome, a large body of microorganisms, first of all bacteria and co-existing in the host´s gut, are now believed to be autonomous endocrine organ, participating at overall endocrine, neuroendocrine and immunoendocrine regulations. While an extensive literature is available on the physiological and pathological aspects of both players, information about their mutual relationships is scarce. In the review we attempted to show various examples where both, endocrine disruptors and microbiota are meeting and can act cooperatively or in opposition and to show the mechanism, if known, staying behind these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hampl
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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18
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Di Ciaula A, Portincasa P. Relationships between emissions of toxic airborne molecules and type 1 diabetes incidence in children: An ecologic study. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:673-684. [PMID: 33995854 PMCID: PMC8107975 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i5.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes originates from gene-environment interactions, with increasing incidence over time.
AIM To identify correlates of childhood type 1 diabetes in European countries using an ecological approach. Several environmental variables potentially influencing the onset of type 1 diabetes have been previously evaluated. However, the relationships between epidemiologic data and exposure to toxic airborne molecules are scarcely studied.
METHODS We employed an ecological model to explore, in a wide time period (1990-2018), associations between type 1 diabetes incidence in 19 European countries (systematic literature review) and the nationwide production of five widely diffused air pollutants: particulate matter < 10 μm (PM10), nitrogen oxides (NO), non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs), sulphur oxide (SO2), and ammonia.
RESULTS Data confirm a raising incidence of type 1 diabetes in 18 out of 19 explored countries. The average difference (last vs first report, all countries) was +6.9 × 100000/year, with values ranging from -1.4 (Germany) to +16.6 (Sweden) per 100000/year. Although the overall production of pollutants decreased progressively from 1990 to 2018, type 1 diabetes incidence was positively associated with the nationwide emissions of PM10, VOCs, and NO but not with those of SO2 and ammonia. Type 1 diabetes incidence was significantly higher in countries with high emissions than in those with low emissions of PM10 (27.5 ± 2.4 vs 14.6 ± 2.4 × 100000 residents, respectively), VOCs (24.5 ± 4.4 vs 13.2 ± 1.7 × 100000 residents, respectively), and NO (26.6 ± 3 vs 13.4 ± 2.4 × 100000 residents, respectively), but not of SO2 or ammonia.
CONCLUSION Evidence justify further studies to explore better links between long-term air quality and type 1 diabetes onset at the individual level, which should include exposures during pregnancy. In this respect, type 1 diabetes could be, at least in part, a preventable condition. Thus, primary prevention policies acting through a marked abatement of pollutant emissions might attenuate future type 1 diabetes incidence throughout Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari 70124, Italy
- International Society of Doctors for Environment (ISDE), Via XXV Aprile n.34 – 52100 Arezzo, Italy
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari 70124, Italy
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19
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Lazurova Z, Lazurova I, Shoenfeld Y. Bisphenol A as a Factor in the Mosaic of Autoimmunity. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:728-737. [PMID: 33992069 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666210516000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The population worldwide is largely exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), a commonly used plasticizer, that has a similar molecular structure to endogenous estrogens. Therefore, it is able to influence physiological processes in human body, taking part in the pathophysiology of various endocrinopathies, as well as, cardiovascular, neurological and oncological diseases. BPA has been found to affect the immune system, leading to the development of autoimmunity and allergies, too. In the last few decades, the prevalence of autoimmune diseases has significantly increased, that could be explained by a rising exposure of the population to environmental factors, such as BPA. BPA has been found to play a role in the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases and also organ-specific autoimmunity (thyroid autoimmunity, diabetes mellitus type 1, myocarditis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, encephalomyelitis etc), but the results of some studies remain still controversial, so further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zora Lazurova
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of University of PJ Safarik, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ivica Lazurova
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of University of PJ Safarik, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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20
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Sharif K, Kurnick A, Coplan L, Alexander M, Watad A, Amital H, Shoenfeld Y. The Putative Adverse Effects of Bisphenol A on Autoimmune Diseases. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:665-676. [PMID: 33568039 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666210210154309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a monomer that is widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics including storage plastics and baby bottles, and is considered one of the most widely used synthetic compounds in the manufacturing industry. Exposure to BPA mainly occurs after oral ingestion and results from leaks into food and water from plastic containers and according to epidemiological data exposure is widespread and estimated to occur in 90% of individuals. BPA exertspleiotropiceffects and demonstrates estrogen like effects, thus considered an endocrine disrupting chemical. Growing body of evidence highlight the role of BPA in modulating immune responses and signaling pathways resulting in a proinflammatory response by enhancing the differential polarization of immune cells and cytokine production profile to one that is consistent with proinflammation. Indeed, epidemiological studies have uncovered associations between several autoimmune diseases and BPA exposure. Data from animal models provided consistent evidence highlighting the role of BPA in the pathogenesis, exacerbation and perpetuation of various autoimmune phenomena including neuroinflammation in the context of multiple sclerosis, colitis in inflammatory bowel disease, nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus, and insulitis in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Given the wide spread of BPA use and its effects in immune systemdysregulation, a call for careful assessment of patients' risks and for public health measures are needed to limit exposure and subsequent deleterious effects. The purpose of this paper is to explore the autoimmune triggering mechanisms and present the current literature supporting the role of BPA in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassem Sharif
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv. Israel
| | - Adam Kurnick
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv. Israel
| | - Louis Coplan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv. Israel
| | | | - Abdulla Watad
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv. Israel
| | - Howard Amital
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv. Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv. Israel
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Health status is the result of complex interaction between individual factors, general environmental factors and specific factors as nutrition or the presence of chemicals. Aim of this review is to point out the more recent knowledge covering the role of the endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) on pediatric population wellbeing. RECENT FINDINGS Prenatal, postnatal life and puberty are the three main temporal windows of susceptibility when EDCs may act. The mechanism is independent from dose or duration of exposition, sex, age or combination of chemicals and may also be transgenerational, affecting both growth and pubertal timing. A window of susceptibility for breast cancer has been detected. Thyroid gland is influenced by environmental chemicals, both in utero and during childhood. Alteration in Thyrotropin stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and neurodevelopmental impairment have been demonstrate. It has been detected a pro-obesogenic action of specific chemicals, impairing also glucose homeostasis during childhood. SUMMARY With a multidisciplinary approach and the use of big data platforms, an attempt has to be made to verify biological variations related to a disease, and how much the risk is influenced by the presence of the endocrine disruptors. This may help the future generation to better interpret uncommunicable diseases.
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22
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Estaras M, Marchena AM, Fernandez-Bermejo M, Mateos JM, Vara D, Roncero V, Salido GM, Gonzalez A. The melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole induces the activation of cellular stress responses and decreases viability of rat pancreatic stellate cells. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 40:1554-1565. [PMID: 32567733 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have examined the effects of luzindole, a melatonin receptor-antagonist, on cultured pancreatic stellate cells. Intracellular free-Ca2+ concentration, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell viability were analyzed. Stimulation of cells with the luzindole (1, 5, 10 and 50 μm) evoked a slow and progressive increase in intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]i ) towards a plateau. The effect of the compound on Ca2+ mobilization depended on the concentration used. Incubation of cells with the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin (1 μm), in the absence of Ca2+ in the extracellular medium, induced a transient increase in [Ca2+ ]i . In the presence of thapsigargin, the addition of luzindole to the cells failed to induce further mobilization of Ca2+ . Luzindole induced a concentration-dependent increase in ROS generation, both in the cytosol and in the mitochondria. This effect was smaller in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ . In the presence of luzindole the phosphorylation of p44/42 and p38 MAPKs was increased, whereas no changes in the phosphorylation of JNK could be noted. Moreover, the detection of the endoplasmic reticulum stress-sensor BiP was increased in the presence of luzindole. Finally, viability was decreased in cells treated with luzindole. Because cellular membrane receptors for melatonin have not been detected in pancreatic stellate cells, we conclude that luzindole could exert direct effects that are not mediated through its action on melatonin membrane receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Estaras
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Ana M Marchena
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | | | - Jose M Mateos
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, Caceres, Spain
| | - Daniel Vara
- Department of Gastroenterology, San Pedro de Alcantara Hospital, Caceres, Spain
| | - Vicente Roncero
- Unit of Histology and Pathological Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Gines M Salido
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Antonio Gonzalez
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
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Predieri B, Bruzzi P, Bigi E, Ciancia S, Madeo SF, Lucaccioni L, Iughetti L. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082937. [PMID: 32331412 PMCID: PMC7215452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most common chronic metabolic disease in children and adolescents. The etiology of T1D is not fully understood but it seems multifactorial. The genetic background determines the predisposition to develop T1D, while the autoimmune process against β-cells seems to be also determined by environmental triggers, such as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Environmental EDCs may act throughout different temporal windows as single chemical agent or as chemical mixtures. They could affect the development and the function of the immune system or of the β-cells function, promoting autoimmunity and increasing the susceptibility to autoimmune attack. Human studies evaluating the potential role of exposure to EDCs on the pathogenesis of T1D are few and demonstrated contradictory results. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize experimental and epidemiological studies on the potential role of exposure to EDCs in the development of T1D. We highlight what we know by animals about EDCs’ effects on mechanisms leading to T1D development and progression. Studies evaluating the EDC levels in patients with T1D were also reported. Moreover, we discussed why further studies are needed and how they should be designed to better understand the causal mechanisms and the next prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Predieri
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults-University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy; (E.B.); (L.I.)
- Post Graduate School of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mothers, Children and Adults—University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-422-5217
| | - Patrizia Bruzzi
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics—AOU Policlinic of Modena, Largo del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy; (P.B.); (S.F.M.)
| | - Elena Bigi
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults-University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy; (E.B.); (L.I.)
| | - Silvia Ciancia
- Post Graduate School of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mothers, Children and Adults—University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Simona F. Madeo
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Pediatrics—AOU Policlinic of Modena, Largo del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy; (P.B.); (S.F.M.)
| | - Laura Lucaccioni
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults-University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults-University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy; (E.B.); (L.I.)
- Post Graduate School of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mothers, Children and Adults—University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy;
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Jang JW, Lee JW, Yoon YD, Kang JS, Moon EY. Bisphenol A and its substitutes regulate human B cell survival via Nrf2 expression. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113907. [PMID: 32023790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
B cells contribute to produce inflammatory cytokines and antibodies, to present autoantigens, and to interact with T cells, which lead to body defense and disease control. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2(Nrf2) is responsible for gene expression of antioxidant enzymes to protect cells from oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species(ROS) production. Bisphenol A(BPA) may not be safe due to the effect on body's physiological functions. The chemicals that substitute for BPA may still have similar effects in the body. Tritan™ copolyester is a novel plastic form using BPA substitutes, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol(CHDM), dimethyl terephthalate(DMT), and 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol(TMCD). Isosorbide(ISO) was also used as a substitute for TMCD and DMT. Here, we investigated whether B cell viability is influenced by BPA and its substitutes via Nrf2 induction using WiL2-NS human B lymphoblast cells. When cytotoxicity was measured by using assays with MTT, CellTiter-Glo, trypan blue and propidium iodide, cytotoxicity by BPA was higher than that by substitutes. BPA and its substitutes showed significant cytotoxicity and ROS production, which were attenuated by the treatment with N-acetylcysteine(NAC), a ROS scavenger. In addition, BPA treatment enhanced gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, heme oxygenase(HO)-1, catalase, superoxide dismutase(SOD) 1 and 2. As H2O2 treatment induced cell death and Nrf2 amount in WiL2-NS cells, BPA treatment increased Nrf2. Cell death by H2O2 was increased in doxycycline-inducible Nrf2-knockdown(KD) cells. In Cytotoxicity by the treatment with BPA or its substitutes was also enhanced in Nrf2-KD cells but that was reduced by Nrf2 overexpression compared to control cells. Taken together, these results implicate that B cell cytotoxicity by substitutes should be lower than BPA and Nrf2 can prevent B cells from BPA- or BPA substitutes-induced cytotoxicity via ROS production. Data suggest that the comprehensive studies or evaluation could be necessary to replace BPA in manufacture by other substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Won Jang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Dae Yoon
- Bio-evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soon Kang
- Bio-evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Yi Moon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Wade M, Delawder V, Reneau P, Dos Santos JM. The effect of BPA exposure on insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes - The impact of muscle contraction. Med Hypotheses 2020; 140:109675. [PMID: 32200183 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is considered one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In addition to physical inactivity and obesity, established risk factors for T2D, chemical contaminants consumed in industrialized food such as BPA might also be a contributor to the development of T2D. Epidemiological studies have shown that BPA concentrations are higher in human specimens of T2D when compared to healthy subjects, while experimental studies suggested that bisphenol A (BPA) impairs the pathway by which insulin stimulates glucose uptake. In skeletal muscle and adipocytes, insulin resistance is developed by the impairment of the insulin pathway to stimulate the translocation of glucose transporter, GLUT4, to the cell membrane. Recent results demonstrated that BPA impairs several components of insulin-induced glucose uptake pathway and affect the expression of GLUT4. Regular physical exercise delays or inhibits the development of T2D due to the physiologic processes taking place during muscle contraction, and the fact that skeletal muscle is the site for almost 80% of the glucose transported under insulin stimulation. In fact, the mechanism by which contraction induces glucose uptake in skeletal muscle is partially independent of the insulin pathway, therefore, the effect of BPA on this mechanism is unknown. We hypothesize that during the development of insulin resistance, BPA contributes to the impairment of the molecular pathway by which insulin induces glucose uptake while contraction-induced glucose uptake is not impaired. At the late stages of T2D, BPA may affect GLUT4 expression that will decrease the ability of muscle contraction to induce glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Wade
- School of Education, Health and Human Performance, Fairmont State University, Fairmont, WV, United States
| | - Virginia Delawder
- School of Education, Health and Human Performance, Fairmont State University, Fairmont, WV, United States
| | - Paul Reneau
- School of Education, Health and Human Performance, Fairmont State University, Fairmont, WV, United States
| | - Julia M Dos Santos
- School of Education, Health and Human Performance, Fairmont State University, Fairmont, WV, United States; Detroit R&D, Inc, Detroit, MI, United States.
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26
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Kim JJ, Kumar S, Kumar V, Lee YM, Kim YS, Kumar V. Bisphenols as a Legacy Pollutant, and Their Effects on Organ Vulnerability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:E112. [PMID: 31877889 PMCID: PMC6982222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenols are widely used in the synthesis of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and thermal paper, which are used in manufacturing items of daily use. Packaged foods and drinks are the main sources of exposure to bisphenols. These chemicals affect humans and animals by disrupting the estrogen, androgen, progesterone, thyroid, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor functions. Bisphenols exert numerous harmful effects because of their interaction with receptors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell signal alterations. Both cohort and case-control studies have determined an association between bisphenol exposure and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, reproductive abnormalities, obesity, and diabetes. Prenatal exposure to bisphenols results in developmental disorders in animals. These chemicals also affect the immune cells and play a significant role in initiating the inflammatory response. Exposure to bisphenols exhibit age, gender, and dose-dependent effects. Even at low concentrations, bisphenols exert toxicity, and hence deserve a critical assessment of their uses. Since bisphenols have a global influence on human health, the need to discover the underlying pathways involved in all disease conditions is essential. Furthermore, it is important to promote the use of alternatives for bisphenols, thereby restricting their uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Joo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Surendra Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh 758307, Vietnam;
| | - Yun-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - You-Sam Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
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27
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Nowak K, Jabłońska E, Ratajczak-Wrona W. Immunomodulatory effects of synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals on the development and functions of human immune cells. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 125:350-364. [PMID: 30743143 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are added to food, cosmetics, plastic packages, and children's toys and have thus become an integral part of the human environment. In the last decade, there has been increasing interest in the effect of EDCs on human health, including their impact on the immune system. So far, researchers have proved that EDCs (e.g. bisphenols, phthalates, triclosan, phenols, propanil, tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, diethylstilbestrol, tributyltin (TBT), and parabens) affect the development, functions, and lifespan of immune cells (e.g., monocytes, neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and natural killers). In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge of the multivariable influence of EDCs on immune cells and underlined the novel approach to EDC studies, including dose-dependent effects and low-dose effects. We discuss critically the possible relationship between exposure to EDCs and immunity related diseases (e.g. allergy, asthma, diabetes, and lupus). Moreover, based on the literature, we construct a model of possible mechanisms of EDC action on immune cells at cellular, molecular, and epigenetic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Nowak
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
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