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Yang L, Jin J, Lyu S, Zhang F, Cao P, Qin Q, Zhang G, Feng C, Lu P, Li H, Deng S. Genomic analysis based on chromosome-level genome assembly reveals Myrtaceae evolution and terpene biosynthesis of rose myrtle. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:578. [PMID: 38858635 PMCID: PMC11165866 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rose myrtle (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk), is an evergreen shrub species belonging to the family Myrtaceae, which is enriched with bioactive volatiles (α-pinene and β-caryophyllene) with medicinal and industrial applications. However, the mechanism underlying the volatile accumulation in the rose myrtle is still unclear. RESULTS Here, we present a chromosome-level genomic assembly of rose myrtle (genome size = 466 Mb, scaffold N50 = 43.7 Mb) with 35,554 protein-coding genes predicted. Through comparative genomic analysis, we found that gene expansion and duplication had a potential contribution to the accumulation of volatile substances. We proposed that the action of positive selection was significantly involved in volatile accumulation. We identified 43 TPS genes in R. tomentosa. Further transcriptomic and TPS gene family analyses demonstrated that the distinct gene subgroups of TPS may contribute greatly to the biosynthesis and accumulation of different volatiles in the Myrtle family of shrubs and trees. The results suggested that the diversity of TPS-a subgroups led to the accumulation of special sesquiterpenes in different plants of the Myrtaceae family. CONCLUSIONS The high quality chromosome-level rose myrtle genome and the comparative analysis of TPS gene family open new avenues for obtaining a higher commercial value of essential oils in medical plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Jin
- National Tobacco Gene Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shanwu Lyu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Fangqiu Zhang
- Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Peijian Cao
- National Tobacco Gene Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qiaomei Qin
- Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan & the Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Ex Situ Plant Conservation and Utilization, Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, 332900, China
| | - Peng Lu
- National Tobacco Gene Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huiguang Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Shulin Deng
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Papanikolaou AS, Papaefthimiou D, Matekalo D, Karakousi CV, Makris AM, Kanellis AK. Chemical and transcriptomic analyses of leaf trichomes from Cistus creticus subsp. creticus reveal the biosynthetic pathways of certain labdane-type diterpenoids and their acetylated forms. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3431-3451. [PMID: 38520311 PMCID: PMC11156806 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Labdane-related diterpenoids (LRDs), a subgroup of terpenoids, exhibit structural diversity and significant commercial and pharmacological potential. LRDs share the characteristic decalin-labdanic core structure that derives from the cycloisomerization of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP). Labdanes derive their name from the oleoresin known as 'Labdanum', 'Ladano', or 'Aladano', used since ancient Greek times. Acetylated labdanes, rarely identified in plants, are associated with enhanced biological activities. Chemical analysis of Cistus creticus subsp. creticus revealed labda-7,13(E)-dien-15-yl acetate and labda-7,13(E)-dien-15-ol as major constituents. In addition, novel labdanes such as cis-abienol, neoabienol, ent-copalol, and one as yet unidentified labdane-type diterpenoid were detected for the first time. These compounds exhibit developmental regulation, with higher accumulation observed in young leaves. Using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of young leaf trichomes, it was possible to identify, clone, and eventually functionally characterize labdane-type diterpenoid synthase (diTPS) genes, encoding proteins responsible for the production of labda-7,13(E)-dien-15-yl diphosphate (endo-7,13-CPP), labda-7,13(E)-dien-15-yl acetate, and labda-13(E)-ene-8α-ol-15-yl acetate. Moreover, the reconstitution of labda-7,13(E)-dien-15-yl acetate and labda-13(E)-ene-8α-ol-15-yl acetate production in yeast is presented. Finally, the accumulation of LRDs in different plant tissues showed a correlation with the expression profiles of the corresponding genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigoni S Papanikolaou
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Dimitra Papaefthimiou
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Dragana Matekalo
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Christina-Vasiliki Karakousi
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Antonios M Makris
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology, Hellas (CERTH), 57001 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Angelos K Kanellis
- Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
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3
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Piesik D, Miler N, Lemańczyk G, Tymoszuk A, Lisiecki K, Bocianowski J, Krawczyk K, Mayhew CA. Induction of volatile organic compounds in chrysanthemum plants following infection by Rhizoctonia solani. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302541. [PMID: 38696430 PMCID: PMC11065281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn infestation on the volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and biochemical composition of ten cultivars of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × morifolium /Ramat./ Hemsl.) to bring new insights for future disease management strategies and the development of resistant chrysanthemum cultivars. The chrysanthemum plants were propagated vegetatively and cultivated in a greenhouse under semi-controlled conditions. VOCs emitted by the plants were collected using a specialized system and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Biochemical analyses of the leaves were performed, including the extraction and quantification of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. The emission of VOCs varied among the cultivars, with some cultivars producing a wider range of VOCs compared to others. The analysis of the VOC emissions from control plants revealed differences in both their quality and quantity among the tested cultivars. R. solani infection influenced the VOC emissions, with different cultivars exhibiting varying responses to the infection. Statistical analyses confirmed the significant effects of cultivar, collection time, and their interaction on the VOCs. Correlation analyses revealed positive relationships between certain pairs of VOCs. The results show significant differences in the biochemical composition among the cultivars, with variations in chlorophyll, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds content. Interestingly, R. solani soil and leaf infestation decreased the content of carotenoids in chrysanthemums. Plants subjected to soil infestation were characterized with the highest content of phenolics. This study unveils alterations in the volatile and biochemical responses of chrysanthemum plants to R. solani infestation, which can contribute to the development of strategies for disease management and the improvement of chrysanthemum cultivars with enhanced resistance to R. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Piesik
- Department of Biology and Plant Protection, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Natalia Miler
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Horticulture, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Lemańczyk
- Department of Biology and Plant Protection, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alicja Tymoszuk
- Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Horticulture, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Karol Lisiecki
- Department of Biology and Plant Protection, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Krawczyk
- Department of Virology and Bacteriology, Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute, Poznań, Poland
| | - Chris A. Mayhew
- Institute for Breath Research, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain, Innsbruck, Austria
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Marie L, Breitler JC, Bamogo PKA, Bordeaux M, Lacombe S, Rios M, Lebrun M, Boulanger R, Lefort E, Nakamura S, Motoyoshi Y, Mieulet D, Campa C, Legendre L, Bertrand B. Combined sensory, volatilome and transcriptome analyses identify a limonene terpene synthase as a major contributor to the characteristic aroma of a Coffea arabica L. specialty coffee. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:238. [PMID: 38566027 PMCID: PMC10988958 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fruity aromatic bouquet of coffee has attracted recent interest to differentiate high value market produce as specialty coffee. Although the volatile compounds present in green and roasted coffee beans have been extensively described, no study has yet linked varietal molecular differences to the greater abundance of specific substances and support the aroma specificity of specialty coffees. RESULTS This study compared four Arabica genotypes including one, Geisha Especial, suggested to generate specialty coffee. Formal sensory evaluations of coffee beverages stressed the importance of coffee genotype in aroma perception and that Geisha Especial-made coffee stood out by having fine fruity, and floral, aromas and a more balanced acidity. Comparative SPME-GC-MS analyses of green and roasted bean volatile compounds indicated that those of Geisha Especial differed by having greater amounts of limonene and 3-methylbutanoic acid in agreement with the coffee cup aroma perception. A search for gene ontology differences of ripening beans transcriptomes of the four varieties revealed that they differed by metabolic processes linked to terpene biosynthesis due to the greater gene expression of prenyl-pyrophosphate biosynthetic genes and terpene synthases. Only one terpene synthase (CaTPS10-like) had an expression pattern that paralleled limonene loss during the final stage of berry ripening and limonene content in the studied four varieties beans. Its functional expression in tobacco leaves confirmed its functioning as a limonene synthase. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data indicate that coffee variety genotypic specificities may influence ripe berry chemotype and final coffee aroma unicity. For the specialty coffee variety Geisha Especial, greater expression of terpene biosynthetic genes including CaTPS10-like, a limonene synthase, resulted in the greater abundance of limonene in green beans, roasted beans and a unique citrus note of the coffee drink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lison Marie
- CIRAD (Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement), UMR DIADE, Montpellier, F-34398, France.
- DIADE (Diversity, Adaptation, Development of Plants), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, F-34398, France.
| | - Jean-Christophe Breitler
- CIRAD (Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement), UMR DIADE, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- DIADE (Diversity, Adaptation, Development of Plants), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Pingdwende Kader Aziz Bamogo
- PHIM (Plant Health Institute of Montpellier), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | | | - Séverine Lacombe
- PHIM (Plant Health Institute of Montpellier), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Maëlle Rios
- PHIM (Plant Health Institute of Montpellier), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Marc Lebrun
- CIRAD, UMR QualiSud, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- QualiSud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, INRAE, Institut Agro, University of La Réunion, University of Avignon, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Renaud Boulanger
- CIRAD, UMR QualiSud, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- QualiSud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, INRAE, Institut Agro, University of La Réunion, University of Avignon, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Eveline Lefort
- CIRAD (Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement), UMR DIADE, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- DIADE (Diversity, Adaptation, Development of Plants), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Sunao Nakamura
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Limited, 8-1-1, Seika-dai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan
| | - Yudai Motoyoshi
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Limited, 8-1-1, Seika-dai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan
| | - Delphine Mieulet
- CIRAD (Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement), UMR DIADE, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- DIADE (Diversity, Adaptation, Development of Plants), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Claudine Campa
- DIADE (Diversity, Adaptation, Development of Plants), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Laurent Legendre
- INRAE, UR 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, Site Agroparc, Avignon, 84914, France
| | - Benoît Bertrand
- CIRAD (Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement), UMR DIADE, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- DIADE (Diversity, Adaptation, Development of Plants), University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, F-34398, France
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Patil AB, Kar D, Datta S, Vijay N. Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Illuminates Unique Traits of Elusive Night Flowering Jasmine Parijat (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14119. [PMID: 38148217 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The night-flowering Jasmine, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis also known as Parijat, is a perennial woody shrub belonging to the family of Oleaceae. It is popular for its fragrant flowers that bloom in the night and is a potent source of secondary metabolites. However, knowledge about its genome and the expression of genes regulating flowering or secondary metabolite accumulation is lacking. In this study, we generated whole genome sequencing data to assemble the first de novo assembly of Parijat and use it for comparative genomics and demographic history reconstruction. The temporal dynamics of effective population size (Ne ) experienced a positive influence of colder climates suggesting the switch to night flowering may have provided an evolutionary advantage. We employed multi-tissue transcriptome sequencing of floral stages/parts to obtain insights into the transcriptional regulation of nocturnal flower development and the production of volatiles/metabolites. Tissue-specific transcripts for mature flowers revealed key players in circadian regulation and flower development, including the auxin pathway and cell wall modifying genes. Furthermore, we identified tissue-specific transcripts responsible for producing numerous secondary metabolites, mainly terpenoids and carotenoids. The diversity and specificity of Terpene Synthase (TPS) and CCDs (Carotenoid Cleavage Deoxygenases) mediate the bio-synthesis of specialised metabolites in Parijat. Our study establishes Parijat as a novel non-model species to understand the molecular mechanisms of nocturnal blooming and secondary metabolite production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajinkya Bharatraj Patil
- Computational Evolutionary Genomics Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, IISER Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Debojyoti Kar
- Plant Cell and Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, IISER Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sourav Datta
- Plant Cell and Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, IISER Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nagarjun Vijay
- Computational Evolutionary Genomics Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, IISER Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Huang C, Sun P, Yu S, Fu G, Deng Q, Wang Z, Cheng S. Analysis of Volatile Aroma Components and Regulatory Genes in Different Kinds and Development Stages of Pepper Fruits Based on Non-Targeted Metabolome Combined with Transcriptome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097901. [PMID: 37175606 PMCID: PMC10178352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aroma is a crucial attribute affecting the quality of pepper and its processed products, which has significant commercial value. However, little is known about the composition of volatile aroma compounds (VACs) in pepper fruits and their potential molecular regulatory mechanisms. In this study, HS-SPME-GC-MS combined with transcriptome sequencing is used to analyze the composition and formation mechanism of VACs in different kinds and development stages of pepper fruits. The results showed that 149 VACs, such as esters, alcohols, aldehydes, and terpenoids, were identified from 4 varieties and 3 development stages, and there were significant quantitative differences among different samples. Volatile esters were the most important aroma components in pepper fruits. PCA analysis showed that pepper fruits of different developmental stages had significantly different marker aroma compounds, which may be an important provider of pepper's characteristic aroma. Transcriptome analysis showed that many differential genes (DEGs) were enriched in the metabolic pathways related to the synthesis of VACs, such as fatty acids, amino acids, MVA, and MEP in pepper fruits. In addition, we identified a large number of differential transcription factors (TFs) that may regulate the synthesis of VACs. Combined analysis of differential aroma metabolites and DEGs identified two co-expression network modules highly correlated with the relative content of VACs in pepper fruit. This study confirmed the basic information on the changes of VACs in the fruits of several Chinese spicy peppers at different stages of development, screened out the characteristic aroma components of different varieties, and revealed the molecular mechanism of aroma formation, providing a valuable reference for the quality breeding of pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Huang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Peixia Sun
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Genying Fu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qin Deng
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shanhan Cheng
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Han T, Shao Y, Gao R, Gao J, Jiang Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Yang S, Gao X, Wang L, Li Y. Functional Characterization of a ( E)-β-Ocimene Synthase Gene Contributing to the Defense against Spodoptera litura. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087182. [PMID: 37108345 PMCID: PMC10139113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean is a worldwide crop that offers valuable proteins, fatty acids, and phytonutrients to humans but is always damaged by insect pests or pathogens. Plants have captured sophisticated defense mechanisms in resisting the attack of insects and pathogens. How to protect soybean in an environment- or human-friendly way or how to develop plant-based pest control is a hotpot. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles that are released by multiple plant species have been assessed in multi-systems against various insects, of which (E)-β-ocimene has been reported to show anti-insect function in a variety of plants, including soybean. However, the responsible gene in soybean is unknown, and its mechanism of synthesis and anti-insect properties lacks comprehensive assessment. In this study, (E)-β-ocimene was confirmed to be induced by Spodoptera litura treatment. A plastidic localized monoterpene synthase gene, designated as GmOCS, was identified to be responsible for the biosynthesis of (E)-β-ocimene through genome-wide gene family screening and in vitro and in vivo assays. Results from transgenic soybean and tobacco confirmed that (E)-β-ocimene catalyzed by GmOCS had pivotal roles in repelling a S. litura attack. This study advances the understanding of (E)-β-ocimene synthesis and its function in crops, as well as provides a good candidate for further anti-insect soybean improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ruifang Gao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jinshan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Siqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yueqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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8
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Zeng L, Zhou X, Fu X, Hu Y, Gu D, Hou X, Dong F, Yang Z. Effect of the biosynthesis of the volatile compound phenylacetaldehyde on chloroplast modifications in tea ( Camellia sinensis) plants. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad003. [PMID: 37786771 PMCID: PMC10541522 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant volatile compounds have important physiological and ecological functions. Phenylacetaldehyde (PAld), a volatile phenylpropanoid/benzenoid, accumulates in the leaves of tea (Camellia sinensis) plants grown under continuous shading. This study was conducted to determine whether PAld production is correlated with light and to elucidate the physiological functions of PAld in tea plants. Specifically, the upstream mechanism modulating PAld biosynthesis in tea plants under different light conditions as well as the effects of PAld on chloroplast/chlorophyll were investigated. The biosynthesis of PAld was inhibited under light, whereas it was induced in darkness. The structural gene encoding aromatic amino acid aminotransferase 1 (CsAAAT1) was expressed at a high level in darkness, consistent with its importance for PAld accumulation. Additionally, the results of a transcriptional activation assay and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay indicated CsAAAT1 expression was slightly activated by phytochrome-interacting factor 3-2 (CsPIF3-2), which is a light-responsive transcription factor. Furthermore, PAld might promote the excitation of chlorophyll in dark-treated chloroplasts and mediate electron energy transfer in cells. However, the accumulated PAld can degrade chloroplasts and chlorophyll, with potentially detrimental effects on photosynthesis. Moreover, PAld biosynthesis is inhibited in tea leaves by red and blue light, thereby decreasing the adverse effects of PAld on chloroplasts during daytime. In conclusion, the regulated biosynthesis of PAld in tea plants under light and in darkness leads to chloroplast modifications. The results of this study have expanded our understanding of the biosynthesis and functions of volatile phenylpropanoids/benzenoids in tea leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanting Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiumin Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yilong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dachuan Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingliang Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, No. 321 Longdongbei Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Ziyin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, No. 723 Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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9
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BOX38, a DNA Marker for Selection of Essential Oil Yield of Rosa × rugosa. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030439. [PMID: 36979374 PMCID: PMC10046031 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosa rugosa L. was a famous aromatic plant whose cultivars (Rosa × rugosa) have been widely used in the perfume industry in Asia. The perfume market looks for rose cultivars bearing higher essential oil, while the oil yields of most R. × rugosa have not been evaluated due to limiting conditions, such as insufficient cultivation areas. Here, we tested the yield and the aroma components of essential oil of 19 R. × rugosa. The results indicated that the yields of nerol, citronellol, and geraniol could represent an alternative index of the total yield of essential oil. Sequence syntenic analysis indicated that the Rosa genus specific cis-element Box38 was highly polymorphic. The Box38 region isolation of Rosa × rugosa by flanked primers proved that Box38 repeat number was significantly positively correlated with the essential oil yield of the corresponding cultivar. In the breeding of Rosa × rugosa, six-Box38-repeat could be a robust threshold for selection of high-essential-oil roses. Together, we found that Box38 was a DNA marker for essential oil yield and that it would be helpful in the early selection and breeding of essential oil roses.
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10
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Li S, Zhang L, Sun M, Lv M, Yang Y, Xu W, Wang L. Biogenesis of flavor-related linalool is diverged and genetically conserved in tree peony ( Paeonia × suffruticosa). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhac253. [PMID: 36751271 PMCID: PMC9896599 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Floral scent is an important and genetically complex trait in horticultural plants. Tree peony (Paeonia × suffruticosa) originates in the Pan-Himalaya and has nine wild species divided into two subsections, Delavayanae and Vaginatae. Their flowers are beloved worldwide for their sweet floral fragrance, yet the flavor-related volatiles and underlying biosynthetic pathways remain unknown. Here, we characterized the volatile blends of all wild tree peony species and found that the flavor-related volatiles were highly divergent, but linalool was a unique monoterpene in subsect. Delavayanae. Further detection of volatiles in 97 cultivars with various genetic backgrounds showed that linalool was also the characteristic aroma component in Paeonia delavayi hybrid progenies, suggesting that linalool was conserved and dominant within subsect. Delavayanae and its hybrids, instead of species and cultivars from subsect. Vaginatae. Global transcriptome analysis of all wild tree peony species and 60 cultivars revealed five candidate genes that may be involved in key steps of linalool biosynthesis; especially the expressions of three TPS genes, PdTPS1, PdTPS2, and PdTPS4, were significantly positively correlated with linalool emissions across tree peony cultivars. Further biochemical evidence demonstrated that PdTPS1 and PdTPS4 were the pivotal genes determining the species-specific and cultivar-specific emission of linalool. This study revealed a new insight into floral scent divergence in tree peony and would greatly facilitate our understanding of the phylogeny and evolution of Paeonia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengwen Lv
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
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11
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Perigo CV, Haber LL, Facanali R, Vieira MAR, Torres RB, Bernacci LC, Guimarães EF, Baitello JB, Sobral MEG, Quecini V, Marques MOM. Essential Oils of Aromatic Plant Species from the Atlantic Rainforest Exhibit Extensive Chemical Diversity and Antimicrobial Activity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121844. [PMID: 36551501 PMCID: PMC9774909 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial resistance, caused by the overuse or inadequate application of antibiotics, is a worldwide crisis, increasing the risk of treatment failure and healthcare costs. Plant essential oils (EOs) consist of hydrophobic metabolites with antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial potential of the chemical diversity of plants from the Atlantic Rainforest remains scarcely characterized. In the current work, we determined the metabolite profile of the EOs from aromatic plants from nine locations and accessed their antimicrobial and biocidal activity by agar diffusion assays, minimum inhibitory concentration, time-kill and cell-component leakage assays. The pharmacokinetic properties of the EO compounds were investigated by in silico tools. More than a hundred metabolites were identified, mainly consisting of sesqui and monoterpenes. Individual plants and botanical families exhibited extensive chemical variations in their EO composition. Probabilistic models demonstrated that qualitative and quantitative differences contribute to chemical diversity, depending on the botanical family. The EOs exhibited antimicrobial biocidal activity against pathogenic bacteria, fungi and multiple predicted pharmacological targets. Our results demonstrate the antimicrobial potential of EOs from rainforest plants, indicate novel macromolecular targets, and contribute to highlighting the chemical diversity of native species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lenita L. Haber
- Vegetables Research Center, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Brasília 70351-970, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Elsie F. Guimarães
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, Brazil
| | - João B. Baitello
- Instituto Florestal do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo 02377-000, Brazil
| | - Marcos E. G. Sobral
- Natural Sciences Department, Campus Dom Bosco, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del Reio 36301-160, Brazil
| | - Vera Quecini
- Grape and Wine Research Center, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Bento Gonçalves 95701-008, Brazil
- Correspondence: (V.Q.); (M.O.M.M.); Tel.: +55-(54)-3455-8000 (V.Q.); +55-(19)-3202-1700 (M.O.M.M.)
| | - Marcia Ortiz M. Marques
- Instituto Agronômico, Campinas 13075-630, Brazil
- Correspondence: (V.Q.); (M.O.M.M.); Tel.: +55-(54)-3455-8000 (V.Q.); +55-(19)-3202-1700 (M.O.M.M.)
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12
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Geng X, Tang R, Zhang A, Du Z, Yang L, Xu Y, Zhong Y, Yang R, Chen W, Pu C. Mining, expression, and phylogenetic analysis of volatile terpenoid biosynthesis-related genes in different tissues of ten Elsholtzia species based on transcriptomic analysis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113419. [PMID: 36055426 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We sequenced the leaf and inflorescence transcriptomes of 10 Elsholtzia species to mine genes related to the volatile terpenoid metabolic pathway. A total of 184.68 GB data and 1,231,162,678 clean reads were obtained from 20 Elsholtzia samples, and 333,848 unigenes with an average length of at least 1440 bp were obtained by Trinity assembly. KEGG pathway analysis showed that there were three pathways related to volatile terpene metabolism: terpenoid backbone biosynthesis (No. ko00900), monoterpenoid biosynthesis (No. ko00902), and sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis (No. ko00909), with 437, 125, and 121 related unigenes, respectively. The essential oil content and composition in 20 Elsholtzia samples were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that there were obvious interspecific differences among the 10 Elsholtzia species, but there were no significant differences between the different tissues among species. The expression levels of seven candidate genes involved in volatile terpenoid biosynthesis in Elsholtzia were further analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that HMGS had the highest expression among all genes, followed by GGPS4. In addition, there was not a significant correlation between the seven genes and the components with high essential oil contents. Combined with the essential oil components detected in this study, the possible biosynthetic pathway of the characteristic components in Elsholtzia plants was speculated to be a metabolic pathway with geraniol as the starting point and elsholtzione as the end product. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the nucleotide sequences of the geranyl diphosphate synthase candidate genes, and the results showed that genes related to the volatile terpenoid biosynthetic pathway may be more suitable gene fragments for resolving the Elsholtzia phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Geng
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Renhua Tang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Aili Zhang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhizhi Du
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Lipan Yang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuqi Xu
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yiling Zhong
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Run Yang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Chunxia Pu
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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13
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Cheng X, Feng Y, Chen D, Luo C, Yu X, Huang C. Evaluation of Rosa germplasm resources and analysis of floral fragrance components in R. rugosa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1026763. [PMID: 36311132 PMCID: PMC9597504 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1026763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rosa rugosa (Rosaceae) is an important functional plant used in food products, tea, and aromatherapy. Characteristics of R. rugosa varieties based on the biological traits and floral fragrant components were studied by applying an analytic hierarchy process, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and metabolomic analysis. The 77 Rosa accessions (comprising 27 R. rugosa varieties, 43 scented R. hybrida cultivars, and seven fragrant R. species) were grouped into nine classes based on 17 morphological characters and 16 targeted fragrant substances by cluster analysis. Three R. rugosa cultivars differing in fragrance type were selected for volatile metabolomics analysis at four stages of flower development. In total, 156 differential volatile organic compounds (VOC) were detected and the VOC content patterns were further investigated in two important metabolic pathways (the monoterpenoid biosynthetic pathway, and the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathway). The results provide a foundation for efficient use of Rosa germplasm and insights into the utilization of R. rugosa as a functional flower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Luo
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Conglin Huang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Feng Y, Cheng X, Lu Y, Wang H, Chen D, Luo C, Liu H, Gao S, Lei T, Huang C, Yu X. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of floral fragrance-related compounds in scented rose (Rosa hybrida) varieties and a subsequent evaluation on the basis of the analytical hierarchy process. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 185:368-377. [PMID: 35753285 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Scented rose (Rosa hybrida) varieties are valued as ornamentals, but they also contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that produce pleasant aromas. In plants, aromas are produced via metabolism during growth, and each aroma compound has a unique function. In this study, the floral aroma compounds of diverse scented rose varieties were analyzed and classified. The VOCs of different rose varieties were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed via headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The test materials were the mature flowers of 55 scented rose varieties that were cultivated under identical conditions. Seventeen important aroma compounds were selected and an analytical hierarchy process (AHP)-based method was developed to identify the most suitable essential oil resources, aromatherapy resources, and healthcare resources. A floral fragrance evaluation model was established for the comprehensive evaluation of the scented rose varieties. The 55 varieties were classified into three grades according to their suitability for each use. 'Soeur Emmanuelle', 'Wollerton Old Hall', 'Accademia', and 'Tianmidemeng' were revealed to be suitable essential oil, aromatherapy, and healthcare resources. On the basis of their aroma compound types, the fifty-five rose varieties were divided into eight groups. The results of this study provide the theoretical basis for the classification of rose flower aromas as well as the rational use of diverse rose varieties to further develop the rose industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Chang Luo
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Suping Gao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Ting Lei
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Conglin Huang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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15
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Dani KGS, Loreto F. Plant volatiles as regulators of hormone homeostasis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:804-812. [PMID: 35170033 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Some canonical plant hormones such as auxins and gibberellins have precursors that are biogenic volatiles (indole, indole acetonitrile, phenylacetaldoxime and ent-kaurene). Cytokinins, abscisic acid and strigolactones are hormones comprising chemical moieties that have distinct volatile analogues, and are synthesised alongside constitutively emitted volatiles (isoprene, sesquiterpenes, lactones, benzenoids and apocarotenoid volatiles). Nonvolatile hormone analogues and biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) evolved in tandem as growth and behavioural regulators in unicellular organisms. In plants, however, nonvolatile hormones evolved as regulators of growth, development and differentiation, while endogenous BVOCs (often synthesised lifelong) became subtle regulators of hormone synthesis, availability, activity and turnover, all supported by functionally redundant components of hormone metabolism. Reciprocal changes in the abundance and activity of hormones, nitric oxide, and constitutive plant volatiles constantly bridge retrograde and anterograde signalling to maintain hormone equilibria even in unstressed plants. This is distinct from transient interference in hormone signalling by stress-induced and exogenously received volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidala Ganesha Srikanta Dani
- Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, 50019, Italy
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Piazzale Aldo Moro 7, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Francesco Loreto
- Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, 50019, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, Naples, 80126, Italy
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16
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Xiang N, Hu J, Zhang B, Cheng Y, Wang S, Guo X. Effect of Light Qualities on Volatiles Metabolism in Maize (Zea mays L.) Sprouts. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Antidiabetic Potential of Volatile Cinnamon Oil: A Review and Exploration of Mechanisms Using In Silico Molecular Docking Simulations. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030853. [PMID: 35164117 PMCID: PMC8840343 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamon has been used as a flavoring and medicinal agent for centuries. Much research has focused on cinnamon bark powder, which contains antioxidants, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and small amounts of essential oil. However, isolated and concentrated cinnamon essential oil may also have important medicinal qualities, particularly in antidiabetic therapy. Some of the most common essential oil constituents identified in the literature include cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and beta-caryophyllene. Due to their high concentration in cinnamon essential oil, these constituents are hypothesized to have the most significant physiological activity. Here, we present a brief review of literature on cinnamon oil and its constituents as they relate to glucose metabolism and diabetic pathogenesis. We also present molecular docking simulations of these cinnamon essential oil constituents (cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, beta-caryophyllene) that suggest interaction with several key enzymes in glucometabolic pathways.
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18
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Conart C, Saclier N, Foucher F, Goubert C, Rius-Bony A, Paramita SN, Moja S, Thouroude T, Douady C, Sun P, Nairaud B, Saint-Marcoux D, Bahut M, Jeauffre J, Hibrand Saint-Oyant L, Schuurink RC, Magnard JL, Boachon B, Dudareva N, Baudino S, Caissard JC. Duplication and specialization of NUDX1 in Rosaceae led to geraniol production in rose petals. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6505224. [PMID: 35022771 PMCID: PMC8857926 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nudix hydrolases are conserved enzymes ubiquitously present in all kingdoms of life. Recent research revealed that several Nudix hydrolases are involved in terpenoid metabolism in plants. In modern roses, RhNUDX1 is responsible for formation of geraniol, a major compound of rose scent. Nevertheless, this compound is produced by monoterpene synthases in many geraniol-producing plants. As a consequence, this raised the question about the origin of RhNUDX1 function and the NUDX1 gene evolution in Rosaceae, in wild roses or/and during the domestication process. Here, we showed that three distinct clades of NUDX1 emerged in the Rosoidae subfamily (Nudx1-1 to Nudx1-3 clades), and two subclades evolved in the Rosa genus (Nudx1-1a and Nudx1-1b subclades). We also showed that the Nudx1-1b subclade was more ancient than the Nudx1-1a subclade, and that the NUDX1-1a gene emerged by a trans-duplication of the more ancient NUDX1-1b gene. After the transposition, NUDX1-1a was cis-duplicated, leading to a gene dosage effect on the production of geraniol in different species. Furthermore, the NUDX1-1a appearance was accompanied by the evolution of its promoter, most likely from a Copia retrotransposon origin, leading to its petal-specific expression. Thus, our data strongly suggest that the unique function of NUDX1-1a in geraniol formation was evolved naturally in the genus Rosa before domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Conart
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Nathanaelle Saclier
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5023, ENTPE, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
| | - Fabrice Foucher
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Clément Goubert
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Center, 740 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Aurélie Rius-Bony
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Saretta N Paramita
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Sandrine Moja
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Tatiana Thouroude
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Christophe Douady
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5023, ENTPE, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Pulu Sun
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Baptiste Nairaud
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Denis Saint-Marcoux
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Muriel Bahut
- Univ Angers, SFR QUASAV, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Julien Jeauffre
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, Angers, F-49000, France
| | | | - Robert C Schuurink
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Louis Magnard
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Benoît Boachon
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Natalia Dudareva
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.,Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sylvie Baudino
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Jean-Claude Caissard
- Université Lyon, Université Saint-Etienne, CNRS, UMR 5079, Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées aux Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
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19
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Yang J, Chen Y, Gao M, Wu L, Xiong S, Wang S, Gao J, Zhao Y, Wang Y. Comprehensive identification of bHLH transcription factors in Litsea cubeba reveals candidate gene involved in the monoterpene biosynthesis pathway. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1081335. [PMID: 36618662 PMCID: PMC9811127 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1081335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Person, an economically important aromatic plant producing essential oils, has lemon-like fragrance and 96.44-98.44% monoterpene contents. bHLH transcription factor plays an important role in plant secondary metabolism and terpene biosynthesis. In this study, we used bioinformatics to identify bHLH transcription factors in L. cubeba, 173 bHLH genes were identified from L. cubeba and divided these into 26 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. The majority of bHLHs in each subfamily shared comparable structures and motifs. While LcbHLHs were unevenly distributed across 12 chromosomes, 10 tandem repeats were discovered. Expression profiles of bHLH genes in different tissues demonstrated that LcbHLH78 is a potential candidate gene for regulating monoterpene biosynthesis. LcbHLH78 and the terpene synthase LcTPS42 showed comparable expression patterns in various tissues and fruit development stages of L. cubeba. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that LcbHLH78 protein localizes to the nucleus, consistent with a transcription factor function. Importantly, transient overexpression of LcbHLH78 increased geraniol and linalol contents. Our research demonstrates that LcbHLH78 enhances terpenoid biosynthesis. This finding will be beneficial for improving the quality of L. cubeba and provides helpful insights for further research into the control mechanism of LcbHLH genes over terpenoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yicun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shifa Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yunxiao Zhao, ; Yangdong Wang,
| | - Yangdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, HangZhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yunxiao Zhao, ; Yangdong Wang,
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20
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Soudani S, Poza-Carrión C, De la Cruz Gómez N, González-Coloma A, Andrés MF, Berrocal-Lobo M. Essential Oils Prime Epigenetic and Metabolomic Changes in Tomato Defense Against Fusarium oxysporum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:804104. [PMID: 35422834 PMCID: PMC9002333 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.804104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we studied the direct and indirect plant protection effects of an Artemisia absinthium essential oil (AEO) on tomato seedlings against Fusarium oxysporum sp. oxysporum radicis lycopersici (Fol). AEO exhibited a toxic effect in vitro against Fol. Additionally, tomato seedlings germinated from seeds pretreated with AEO and grown hydroponically were protected against Fol. Plant disease symptoms, including, water and fresh weight loss, tissue necrosis, and chlorosis were less pronounced in AEO-treated seedlings. AEO also contributed to plant defenses by increasing callose deposition and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on seed surfaces without affecting seed germination or plant development. The essential oil seed coating also primed a durable tomato seedling defense against the fungus at later stages of plant development. RNA-seq and metabolomic analysis performed on seedlings after 12 days showed that the AEO treatment on seeds induced transcriptomic and metabolic changes. The metabolomic analysis showed an induction of vanillic acid, coumarin, lycopene, oleamide, and an unknown metabolite of m/z 529 in the presence of Fol. The StNRPD2 gene, the second largest component of RNA polymerases IV and V directly involved in de novo cytosine methylation by RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM), was highly induced in the presence of AEO. The host methionine cycle (MTC) controlling trans-methylation reactions, was also altered by AEO through the high induction of S-adenosyl methionine transferases (SAMts). Our results suggest that AEO treatment could induce de novo epigenetic changes in tomato, modulating the speed and extent of its immune response to Fol. The EO-seed coating could be a new strategy to prime durable tomato resistance, compatible with other environmentally friendly biopesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serine Soudani
- Department of Systems and Natural Resources, School of Forestry Engineering and Natural Environment, Polytechnical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - César Poza-Carrión
- Department of Systems and Natural Resources, School of Forestry Engineering and Natural Environment, Polytechnical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia De la Cruz Gómez
- Department of Systems and Natural Resources, School of Forestry Engineering and Natural Environment, Polytechnical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Azucena González-Coloma
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fé Andrés
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Berrocal-Lobo
- Department of Systems and Natural Resources, School of Forestry Engineering and Natural Environment, Polytechnical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Marta Berrocal-Lobo,
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21
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Domingues DS, Oliveira LS, Lemos SMC, Barros GCC, Ivamoto-Suzuki ST. A Bioinformatics Tool for Efficient Retrieval of High-Confidence Terpene Synthases (TPS) and Application to the Identification of TPS in Coffea and Quillaja. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2469:43-53. [PMID: 35508828 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2185-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Terpenoids are a class of compounds that are found in all living organisms. In plants, some terpenoids are part of primary metabolism, but most terpenes found in plants are classified as specialized metabolites, encoded by terpene synthases (TPS). It is not obvious how to assign the putative product of a given TPS using bioinformatics tools. Phylogenetic analyses easily assign TPS into families; however members of the same TPS family can synthetize more than one terpenoid-and, in many biotechnological applications, researchers are more interested in the product of a given TPS rather than its phylogenetic profile. Automated protein annotation can be used to classify TPS based on their products, despite the family they belong to. Here, we implement an automated bioinformatics method, search_TPS, to identify TPS proteins that synthesize mono, sesqui and diterpenes in Angiosperms. We verified the applicability of the method by classifying wet lab validated TPS and applying it to find TPS proteins in Coffea arabica, C. canephora, C. eugenioides, and Quillaja saponaria. Search_TPS is a computational tool based on PERL scripts that carries out a series of HMMER searches against a curated database of TPS profile hidden Markov models. The tool is freely available at https://github.com/liliane-sntn/TPS .
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Domingues
- Group of Genomics and Transcriptomes in Plants, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Federal University of Technology - Paraná, UTFPR, Cornélio Procópio, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil.
| | - Liliane S Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Federal University of Technology - Paraná, UTFPR, Cornélio Procópio, Brazil.
| | - Samara M C Lemos
- Group of Genomics and Transcriptomes in Plants, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Gian C C Barros
- Group of Genomics and Transcriptomes in Plants, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Suzana T Ivamoto-Suzuki
- Group of Genomics and Transcriptomes in Plants, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil.
- Department of Agronomy, State University of Londrina, UEL, Londrina, Brazil.
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22
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Wang X, Gao Y, Wu X, Wen X, Li D, Zhou H, Li Z, Liu B, Wei J, Chen F, Chen F, Zhang C, Zhang L, Xia Y. High-quality evergreen azalea genome reveals tandem duplication-facilitated low-altitude adaptability and floral scent evolution. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:2544-2560. [PMID: 34375461 PMCID: PMC8633516 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Azalea belongs to Rhododendron, which is one of the largest genera of flowering plants and is well known for the diversity and beauty in its more than 1000 woody species. Rhododendron contains two distinct groups: the most high-altitude and a few low-altitude species; however, the former group is difficult to be domesticated for urban landscaping, and their evolution and adaptation are little known. Rhododendron ovatum has broad adaptation in low-altitude regions but possesses evergreen characteristics like high-altitude species, and it has floral fragrance that is deficient in most cultivars. Here we report the chromosome-level genome assembly of R. ovatum, which has a total length of 549 Mb with scaffold N50 of 41 Mb and contains 41 264 predicted genes. Genomic micro-evolutionary analysis of R. ovatum in comparison with two high-altitude Rhododendron species indicated that the expansion genes in R. ovatum were significantly enriched in defence responses, which may account for its adaptability in low altitudes. The R. ovatum genome contains much more terpene synthase genes (TPSs) compared with the species that lost floral fragrance. The subfamily b members of TPS are involved in the synthesis of sesquiterpenes as well as monoterpenes and play a major role in flora scent biosynthesis and defence responses. Tandem duplication is the primary force driving expansion of defence-responsive genes for extensive adaptability to the low-altitude environments. The R. ovatum genome provides insights into low-altitude adaptation and gain or loss of floral fragrance for Rhododendron species, which are valuable for alpine plant domestication and floral scent breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Wang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems BiologyKey Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics & Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsCollege of life scienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiaopei Wu
- The Southwest China of Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Xiaohui Wen
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Danqing Li
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hong Zhou
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zheng Li
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Bing Liu
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jianfen Wei
- Research & Development CenterHangzhou Landscaping IncorporatedHangzhouChina
| | - Fei Chen
- College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Chengjun Zhang
- The Southwest China of Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yiping Xia
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental PlantsCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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23
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Zhang X, Teixeira da Silva JA, Niu M, Zhang T, Liu H, Zheng F, Yuan Y, Li Y, Fang L, Zeng S, Ma G. Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase gene involved in stress response. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 183:112610. [PMID: 33383368 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils extracted from the heartwood of Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) contain linalool and nerolidol as minor components. However, nerolidol/linalool synthase (NES/LIS), which produce linalool and nerolidol, have yet to be characterized in sandalwood. Using a transcriptomic-based approach, a terpene synthase gene was screened from unigenes of transcriptome data derived from S. album seedlings exposed to low temperature (4 °C). The enzyme encoded by these complementary DNAs belongs to the TPS-b clade. Recombinant SaNES/LIS is a bifunctional enzyme that can catalyze the formation of (E)-nerolidol from farnesyl diphosphate and linalool from geranyl diphosphate, respectively. Whereas SaNES/LIS was primarily localized in chloroplastids, both as granular fluorescence and as diffuse fluorescence, it was also detected in the cytosol of a limited number of cells. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transient gene expression in planta produced the same terpene products as those obtained in vitro. Real-time PCR analysis showed the highest expression of SaNES/LIS in fruits, with about a three-fold higher level than in leaves, followed by flowers, heartwood and roots. SaNES/LIS transcripts were differentially activated in different tissues in response to methyl jasmonate, cold, high temperature, strong illumination, and drought stress. Our results provide novel insight into the role of sandalwood terpenoids in response to various environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jaime A Teixeira da Silva
- Independent Researcher, P. O. Box 7, Miki Cho Post Office, Ikenobe 3011-2, Kagawa-Ken, 761-0799, Japan
| | - Meiyun Niu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songjun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Ma
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Zhao C, Yu Z, da Silva JAT, He C, Wang H, Si C, Zhang M, Zeng D, Duan J. Functional Characterization of a Dendrobium officinale Geraniol Synthase DoGES1 Involved in Floral Scent Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7005. [PMID: 32977586 PMCID: PMC7582308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Floral scent is a key ornamental trait that determines the quality and commercial value of orchids. Geraniol, an important volatile monoterpene in orchids that attracts pollinators, is also involved in responses to stresses but the geraniol synthase (GES) responsible for its synthesis in the medicinal orchid Dendrobium officinale has not yet been identified. In this study, three potential geraniol synthases were mined from the D. officinale genome. DoGES1, which was localized in chloroplasts, was characterized as a geraniol synthase. DoGES1 was highly expressed in flowers, especially in petals. DoGES1 transcript levels were high in the budding stage of D. officinale flowers at 11:00 a.m. DoGES1 catalyzed geraniol in vitro, and transient expression of DoGES1 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves resulted in the accumulation of geraniol in vivo. These findings on DoGES1 advance our understanding of geraniol biosynthesis in orchids, and lay the basis for genetic modification of floral scent in D. officinale or in other ornamental orchids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (C.Z.); (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (H.W.); (C.S.); (M.Z.); (D.Z.)
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenming Yu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (C.Z.); (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (H.W.); (C.S.); (M.Z.); (D.Z.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | | | - Chunmei He
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (C.Z.); (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (H.W.); (C.S.); (M.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Haobin Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (C.Z.); (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (H.W.); (C.S.); (M.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Can Si
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (C.Z.); (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (H.W.); (C.S.); (M.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Mingze Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (C.Z.); (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (H.W.); (C.S.); (M.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Danqi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (C.Z.); (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (H.W.); (C.S.); (M.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Jun Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (C.Z.); (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (H.W.); (C.S.); (M.Z.); (D.Z.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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25
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Sun P, Dégut C, Réty S, Caissard JC, Hibrand-Saint Oyant L, Bony A, Paramita SN, Conart C, Magnard JL, Jeauffre J, Abd-El-Haliem AM, Marie-Magdelaine J, Thouroude T, Baltenweck R, Tisné C, Foucher F, Haring M, Hugueney P, Schuurink RC, Baudino S. Functional diversification in the Nudix hydrolase gene family drives sesquiterpene biosynthesis in Rosa × wichurana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:185-199. [PMID: 32639596 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Roses use a non-canonical pathway involving a Nudix hydrolase, RhNUDX1, to synthesize their monoterpenes, especially geraniol. Here we report the characterization of another expressed NUDX1 gene from the rose cultivar Rosa x wichurana, RwNUDX1-2. In order to study the function of the RwNUDX1-2 protein, we analyzed the volatile profiles of an F1 progeny generated by crossing R. chinensis cv. 'Old Blush' with R. x wichurana. A correlation test of the volatilomes with gene expression data revealed that RwNUDX1-2 is involved in the biosynthesis of a group of sesquiterpenoids, especially E,E-farnesol, in addition to other sesquiterpenes. In vitro enzyme assays and heterologous in planta functional characterization of the RwNUDX1-2 gene corroborated this result. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was performed using the data of E,E-farnesol contents in the progeny and a genetic map was constructed based on gene markers. The RwNUDX1-2 gene co-localized with the QTL for E,E-farnesol content, thereby confirming its function in sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis in R. x wichurana. Finally, in order to understand the structural bases for the substrate specificity of rose NUDX proteins, the RhNUDX1 protein was crystallized, and its structure was refined to 1.7 Å. By molecular modeling of different rose NUDX1 protein complexes with their respective substrates, a structural basis for substrate discrimination by rose NUDX1 proteins is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulu Sun
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS, BVpam FRE 3727, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Clément Dégut
- Expression Génétique Microbienne, UMR 8261, CNRS, Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), Paris, 75005, France
| | - Stéphane Réty
- Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, LBMC, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, Lyon, F-69007, France
| | - Jean-Claude Caissard
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS, BVpam FRE 3727, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | | | - Aurélie Bony
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS, BVpam FRE 3727, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Saretta N Paramita
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS, BVpam FRE 3727, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Corentin Conart
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS, BVpam FRE 3727, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Jean-Louis Magnard
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS, BVpam FRE 3727, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
| | - Julien Jeauffre
- IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, 49071, France
| | - Ahmed M Abd-El-Haliem
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Jordan Marie-Magdelaine
- IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, 49071, France
| | - Tatiana Thouroude
- IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, 49071, France
| | | | - Carine Tisné
- Expression Génétique Microbienne, UMR 8261, CNRS, Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), Paris, 75005, France
| | - Fabrice Foucher
- IRHS-UMR1345, Université d'Angers, INRAE, Institut Agro, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, Beaucouzé, 49071, France
| | - Michel Haring
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Hugueney
- Université de Strasbourg, INRAE, SVQV UMR-A 1131, Colmar, F-68000, France
| | - Robert C Schuurink
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvie Baudino
- Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, CNRS, BVpam FRE 3727, Saint-Etienne, F-42023, France
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Dani KGS, Fineschi S, Michelozzi M, Trivellini A, Pollastri S, Loreto F. Diversification of petal monoterpene profiles during floral development and senescence in wild roses: relationships among geraniol content, petal colour, and floral lifespan. Oecologia 2020; 197:957-969. [PMID: 32712874 PMCID: PMC8591013 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Wild roses store and emit a large array of fragrant monoterpenes from their petals. Maximisation of fragrance coincides with floral maturation in many angiosperms, which enhances pollination efficiency, reduces floral predation, and improves plant fitness. We hypothesized that petal monoterpenes serve additional lifelong functions such as limiting metabolic damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS), and altering isoprenoid hormonal abundance to increase floral lifespan. Petal monoterpenes were quantified at three floral life-stages (unopened bud, open mature, and senescent) in 57 rose species and 16 subspecies originating from Asia, America, and Europe, and relationships among monoterpene richness, petal colour, ROS, hormones, and floral lifespan were analysed within a phylogenetic context. Three distinct types of petal monoterpene profiles, revealing significant developmental and functional differences, were identified: Type A, species where monoterpene abundance peaked in open mature flowers depleting thereafter; Type B, where monoterpenes peaked in senescing flowers increasing from bud stage, and a rare Type C (8 species) where monoterpenes depleted from bud stage to senescence. Cyclic monoterpenes peaked during early floral development, whereas acyclic monoterpenes (dominated by geraniol and its derivatives, often 100-fold more abundant than other monoterpenes) peaked during floral maturation in Type A and B roses. Early-diverging roses were geraniol-poor (often Type C) and white-petalled. Lifetime changes in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) revealed a significant negative regression with the levels of petal geraniol at all floral life-stages. Geraniol-poor Type C roses also showed higher cytokinins (in buds) and abscisic acid (in mature petals), and significantly shorter floral lifespan compared with geraniol-rich Type A and B roses. We conclude that geraniol enrichment, intensification of petal colour, and lower potential for H2O2-related oxidative damage characterise and likely contribute to longer floral lifespan in monoterpene-rich wild roses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Srikanta Dani
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy. .,Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Piazzale Aldo Moro 7, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Fineschi
- Institute of Heritage Science, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Michelozzi
- Laboratory for the Analysis and Research in Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Trivellini
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Pollastri
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Loreto
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Piazzale Aldo Moro 7, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Special Issue on "Fruit Metabolism and Metabolomics". Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060230. [PMID: 32503284 PMCID: PMC7344593 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, knowledge about several aspects of fruit metabolism has been greatly improved. Notably, high-throughput metabolomic technologies have allowed quantifying metabolite levels across various biological processes, and identifying the genes that underly fruit development and ripening. This Special Issue is designed to exemplify the current use of metabolomics studies of temperate and tropical fruit for basic research as well as practical applications. It includes articles about different aspects of fruit biochemical phenotyping, fruit metabolism before and after harvest, including primary and specialized metabolisms, and bioactive compounds involved in growth and environmental responses. The effect of genotype, stages of development or fruit tissue on metabolomic profiles and corresponding metabolism regulations are addressed, as well as the combination of other omics with metabolomics for fruit metabolism studies.
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Song X, Wang J, Li N, Yu J, Meng F, Wei C, Liu C, Chen W, Nie F, Zhang Z, Gong K, Li X, Hu J, Yang Q, Li Y, Li C, Feng S, Guo H, Yuan J, Pei Q, Yu T, Kang X, Zhao W, Lei T, Sun P, Wang L, Ge W, Guo D, Duan X, Shen S, Cui C, Yu Y, Xie Y, Zhang J, Hou Y, Wang J, Wang J, Li X, Paterson AH, Wang X. Deciphering the high-quality genome sequence of coriander that causes controversial feelings. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1444-1456. [PMID: 31799788 PMCID: PMC7206992 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L. 2n = 2x = 22), a plant from the Apiaceae family, also called cilantro or Chinese parsley, is a globally important crop used as vegetable, spice, fragrance and traditional medicine. Here, we report a high-quality assembly and analysis of its genome sequence, anchored to 11 chromosomes, with total length of 2118.68 Mb and N50 scaffold length of 160.99 Mb. We found that two whole-genome duplication events, respectively, dated to ~45-52 and ~54-61 million years ago, were shared by the Apiaceae family after their split from lettuce. Unbalanced gene loss and expression are observed between duplicated copies produced by these two events. Gene retention, expression, metabolomics and comparative genomic analyses of terpene synthase (TPS) gene family, involved in terpenoid biosynthesis pathway contributing to coriander's special flavour, revealed that tandem duplication contributed to coriander TPS gene family expansion, especially compared to their carrot counterparts. Notably, a TPS gene highly expressed in all 4 tissues and 3 development stages studied is likely a major-effect gene encoding linalool synthase and myrcene synthase. The present genome sequencing, transcriptome, metabolome and comparative genomic efforts provide valuable insights into the genome evolution and spice trait biology of Apiaceae and other related plants, and facilitated further research into important gene functions and crop improvement.
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Zhou F, Pichersky E. The complete functional characterisation of the terpene synthase family in tomato. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:1341-1360. [PMID: 31943222 PMCID: PMC7422722 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of the updated reference tomato genome found 34 full-length TPS genes and 18 TPS pseudogenes. Biochemical analysis has now identified the catalytic activities of all enzymes encoded by the 34 TPS genes: one isoprene synthase, 10 exclusively or predominantly monoterpene synthases, 17 sesquiterpene synthases and six diterpene synthases. Among the monoterpene and sesquiterpene and diterpene synthases, some use trans-prenyl diphosphates, some use cis-prenyl diphosphates and some use both. The isoprene synthase is cytosolic; six monoterpene synthases are plastidic, and four are cytosolic; the sesquiterpene synthases are almost all cytosolic, with the exception of one found in the mitochondria; and three diterpene synthases are found in the plastids, one in the cytosol and two in the mitochondria. New trans-prenyltransferases (TPTs) were characterised; together with previously characterised TPTs and cis-prenyltransferases (CPTs), tomato plants can make all cis and trans C10 , C15 and C20 prenyl diphosphates. Every type of plant tissue examined expresses some TPS genes and some TPTs and CPTs. Phylogenetic comparison of the TPS genes from tomato and Arabidopsis shows expansions in each clade of the TPS gene family in each lineage (and inferred losses), accompanied by changes in subcellular localisations and substrate specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Eran Pichersky
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
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Nagegowda DA, Gupta P. Advances in biosynthesis, regulation, and metabolic engineering of plant specialized terpenoids. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 294:110457. [PMID: 32234216 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant specialized terpenoids are natural products that have no obvious role in growth and development, but play many important functional roles to improve the plant's overall fitness. Besides, plant specialized terpenoids have immense value to humans due to their applications in fragrance, flavor, cosmetic, and biofuel industries. Understanding the fundamental aspects involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of these high-value molecules in plants not only paves the path to enhance plant traits, but also facilitates homologous or heterologous engineering for overproduction of target molecules of importance. Recent developments in functional genomics and high-throughput analytical techniques have led to unraveling of several novel aspects involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of plant specialized terpenoids. The knowledge thus derived has been successfully utilized to produce target specialized terpenoids of plant origin in homologous or heterologous host systems by metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches. Here, we provide an overview and highlights on advances related to the biosynthetic steps, regulation, and metabolic engineering of plant specialized terpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh A Nagegowda
- Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Bengaluru, 560065, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Bengaluru, 560065, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
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Cramer GR, Cochetel N, Ghan R, Destrac-Irvine A, Delrot S. A sense of place: transcriptomics identifies environmental signatures in Cabernet Sauvignon berry skins in the late stages of ripening. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:41. [PMID: 31992236 PMCID: PMC6986057 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grape berry ripening is influenced by climate, the main component of the "terroir" of a place. Light and temperature are major factors in the vineyard that affect berry development and fruit metabolite composition. RESULTS To better understand the effect of "place" on transcript abundance during the late stages of berry ripening, Cabernet Sauvignon berries grown in Bordeaux and Reno were compared at similar sugar levels (19 to 26 °Brix (total soluble solids)). Day temperatures were warmer and night temperatures were cooler in Reno. °Brix was lower in Bordeaux berries compared to Reno at maturity levels considered optimum for harvest. RNA-Seq analysis identified 5528 differentially expressed genes between Bordeaux and Reno grape skins at 22°Brix. Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis for all expressed transcripts for all four °Brix levels measured indicated that the majority (75%) of transcript expression differed significantly between the two locations. Top gene ontology categories for the common transcript sets were translation, photosynthesis, DNA metabolism and catabolism. Top gene ontology categories for the differentially expressed genes at 22°Brix involved response to stimulus, biosynthesis and response to stress. Some differentially expressed genes encoded terpene synthases, cell wall enzymes, kinases, transporters, transcription factors and photoreceptors. Most circadian clock genes had higher transcript abundance in Bordeaux. Bordeaux berries had higher transcript abundance with differentially expressed genes associated with seed dormancy, light, auxin, ethylene signaling, powdery mildew infection, phenylpropanoid, carotenoid and terpenoid metabolism, whereas Reno berries were enriched with differentially expressed genes involved in water deprivation, cold response, ABA signaling and iron homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS Transcript abundance profiles in the berry skins at maturity were highly dynamic. RNA-Seq analysis identified a smaller (25% of total) common core set of ripening genes that appear not to depend on rootstock, vineyard management, plant age, soil and climatic conditions. Much of the gene expression differed between the two locations and could be associated with multiple differences in environmental conditions that may have affected the berries in the two locations; some of these genes may be potentially controlled in different ways by the vinegrower to adjust final berry composition and reach a desired result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant R. Cramer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA
| | - Noé Cochetel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA
| | - Ryan Ghan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA
| | - Agnès Destrac-Irvine
- UMR Ecophysiology and Grape Functional Genomics, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Serge Delrot
- UMR Ecophysiology and Grape Functional Genomics, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Barros J, Dixon RA. Plant Phenylalanine/Tyrosine Ammonia-lyases. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:66-79. [PMID: 31679994 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic amino acid deaminases are key enzymes mediating carbon flux from primary to secondary metabolism in plants. Recent studies have uncovered a tyrosine ammonia-lyase that contributes to the typical characteristics of grass cell walls and contributes to about 50% of the total lignin synthesized by the plant. Grasses are currently preferred bioenergy feedstocks and lignin is the most important limiting factor in the conversion of plant biomass to liquid biofuels, as well as being an abundant renewable carbon source that can be industrially exploited. Further research on the structure, evolution, regulation, and biological function of functionally distinct ammonia-lyases has multiple implications for improving the economics of the agri-food and biofuel industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Barros
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA; Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Richard A Dixon
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA; Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
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33
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Bouwmeester H, Schuurink RC, Bleeker PM, Schiestl F. The role of volatiles in plant communication. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:892-907. [PMID: 31410886 PMCID: PMC6899487 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Volatiles mediate the interaction of plants with pollinators, herbivores and their natural enemies, other plants and micro-organisms. With increasing knowledge about these interactions the underlying mechanisms turn out to be increasingly complex. The mechanisms of biosynthesis and perception of volatiles are slowly being uncovered. The increasing scientific knowledge can be used to design and apply volatile-based agricultural strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harro Bouwmeester
- University of AmsterdamSwammerdam Institute for Life SciencesGreen Life Science research clusterScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Robert C. Schuurink
- University of AmsterdamSwammerdam Institute for Life SciencesGreen Life Science research clusterScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Petra M. Bleeker
- University of AmsterdamSwammerdam Institute for Life SciencesGreen Life Science research clusterScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Florian Schiestl
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZürichZollikerstrasse 107CH‐8008ZürichSwitzerland
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Zeng L, Tan H, Liao Y, Jian G, Kang M, Dong F, Watanabe N, Yang Z. Increasing Temperature Changes Flux into Multiple Biosynthetic Pathways for 2-Phenylethanol in Model Systems of Tea ( Camellia sinensis) and Other Plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10145-10154. [PMID: 31418564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
2-Phenylethanol (2PE) is a representative aromatic aroma compound in tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves. However, its formation in tea remains unexplored. In our study, feeding experiments of [2H8]L-phenylalanine (Phe), [2H5]phenylpyruvic acid (PPA), or (E/Z)-phenylacetaldoxime (PAOx) showed that three biosynthesis pathways for 2PE derived from L-Phe occurred in tea leaves, namely, pathway I (via phenylacetaldehyde (PAld)), pathway II (via PPA and PAld), and pathway III (via (E/Z)-PAOx and PAld). Furthermore, increasing temperature resulted in increased flux into the pathway for 2PE from L-Phe via PPA and PAld. In addition, tomato fruits and petunia flowers also contained the 2PE biosynthetic pathway from L-Phe via PPA and PAld and increasing temperatures led to increased flux into this pathway, suggesting that such a phenomenon might be common among most plants containing 2PE. This represents a characteristic example of changes in flux into the biosynthesis pathways of volatile compounds in plants in response to stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 723 Xingke Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510650 , China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens , Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 723 Xingke Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Haibo Tan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 723 Xingke Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510650 , China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens , Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 723 Xingke Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Yinyin Liao
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 723 Xingke Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510650 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Guotai Jian
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 723 Xingke Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510650 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ming Kang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 723 Xingke Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Fang Dong
- Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College , No. 321 Longdongbei Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510520 , China
| | - Naoharu Watanabe
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , No. 3-5-1 Johoku , Naka-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8561 , Japan
| | - Ziyin Yang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 723 Xingke Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510650 , China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens , Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 723 Xingke Road , Tianhe District , Guangzhou 510650 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
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35
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Ansari E, Karami A, Ebrahimie E. Isolation of 2-phenylethanol biosynthesis related gene and developmental patterns of emission of scent compounds in Persian musk rose (Rosa moschata Herrm.). BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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36
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Zuo Z. Why Algae Release Volatile Organic Compounds-The Emission and Roles. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:491. [PMID: 30915062 PMCID: PMC6423058 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide spectrum of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released from algae in aquatic ecosystems. Environmental factors such as light, temperature, nutrition conditions and abiotic stresses affect their emission. These VOCs can enhance the resistance to abiotic stresses, transfer information between algae, play allelopathic roles, and protect against predators. For homogeneous algae, the VOCs released from algal cells under stress conditions transfer stress information to other cells, and induce the acceptors to make a preparation for the upcoming stresses. For heterogeneous algae and aquatic macrophytes, the VOCs show allelopathic effects on the heterogeneous neighbors, which benefit to the emitter growth and competing for nutrients. In cyanobacterial VOCs, some compounds such as limonene, eucalyptol, β-cyclocitral, α-ionone, β-ionone and geranylacetone have been detected as the allelopathic agents. In addition, VOCs can protect the emitters from predation by predators. It can be speculated that the emission of VOCs is critical for algae coping with the complicated and changeable aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojiang Zuo
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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Jemth AS, Scaletti E, Carter M, Helleday T, Stenmark P. Crystal Structure and Substrate Specificity of the 8-oxo-dGTP Hydrolase NUDT1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochemistry 2019; 58:887-899. [PMID: 30614695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana NUDT1 (AtNUDT1) belongs to the Nudix family of proteins, which have a diverse range of substrates, including oxidized nucleotides such as 8-oxo-dGTP. The hydrolysis of oxidized dNTPs is highly important as it prevents their incorporation into DNA, thus preventing mutations and DNA damage. AtNUDT1 is the sole Nudix enzyme from A. thaliana shown to have activity against 8-oxo-dGTP. We present the structure of AtNUDT1 in complex with 8-oxo-dGTP. Structural comparison with bacterial and human homologues reveals a conserved overall fold. Analysis of the 8-oxo-dGTP binding mode shows that the residues Asn76 and Ser89 interact with the O8 atom of the substrate, a feature not observed in structures of protein homologues solved to date. Kinetic analysis of wild-type and mutant AtNUDT1 confirmed that these active site residues influence 8-oxo-dGTP hydrolysis. A recent study showed that AtNUDT1 is also able to hydrolyze terpene compounds. The diversity of reactions catalyzed by AtNUDT1 suggests that this Nudix enzyme from higher plants has evolved in a manner distinct to those from other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Sofie Jemth
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm S-171 21 , Sweden
| | - Emma Scaletti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Stockholm University , Stockholm S-106 91 , Sweden
| | - Megan Carter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Stockholm University , Stockholm S-106 91 , Sweden
| | - Thomas Helleday
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm S-171 21 , Sweden.,Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism , University of Sheffield , Sheffield S10 2RX , United Kingdom
| | - Pål Stenmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Stockholm University , Stockholm S-106 91 , Sweden.,Department of Experimental Medical Science , Lund University , Lund 221 00 , Sweden
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38
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Tetali SD. Terpenes and isoprenoids: a wealth of compounds for global use. PLANTA 2019; 249:1-8. [PMID: 30467631 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-3056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Role of terpenes and isoprenoids has been pivotal in the survival and evolution of higher plants in various ecoregions. These products find application in the pharmaceutical, flavor fragrance, and biofuel industries. Fitness of plants in a wide range of environmental conditions entailed (i) evolution of secondary metabolic pathways enabling utilization of photosynthate for the synthesis of a variety of biomolecules, thereby facilitating diverse eco-interactive functions, and (ii) evolution of structural features for the sequestration of such compounds away from the mainstream primary metabolism to prevent autotoxicity. This review summarizes features and applications of terpene and isoprenoid compounds, comprising the largest class of secondary metabolites. Many of these terpene and isoprenoid biomolecules happen to be high-value bioproducts. They are essential components of all living organisms that are chemically highly variant. They are constituents of primary (quinones, chlorophylls, carotenoids, steroids) as well as secondary metabolism compounds with roles in signal transduction, reproduction, communication, climatic acclimation, defense mechanisms and more. They comprise single to several hundreds of repetitive five-carbon units of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and its isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). In plants, there are two pathways that lead to the synthesis of terpene and isoprenoid precursors, the cytosolic mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway and the plastidic methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. The diversity of terpenoids can be attributed to differential enzyme and substrate specificities and to secondary modifications acquired by terpene synthases. The biological role of secondary metabolites has been recognized as pivotal in the survival and evolution of higher plants. Terpenes and isoprenoids find application in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, synthetic chemistry, flavor fragrance, and possibly biofuel industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarada D Tetali
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, C. R. Prof. CR Rao Rd., CUC, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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Ni J, Liu H, Tao F, Wu Y, Xu P. Remodeling of the Photosynthetic Chain Promotes Direct CO
2
Conversion into Valuable Aromatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15990-15994. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Fei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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Ni J, Liu H, Tao F, Wu Y, Xu P. Remodeling of the Photosynthetic Chain Promotes Direct CO2Conversion into Valuable Aromatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Fei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial MetabolismJoint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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41
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Zuo Z, Yang L, Chen S, Ye C, Han Y, Wang S, Ma Y. Effects of nitrogen nutrients on the volatile organic compound emissions from Microcystis aeruginosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:214-220. [PMID: 29885617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria release abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can poison other algae and cause water odor. To uncover the effects of nitrogen (N) nutrients on the formation of cyanobacteria VOCs, the cell growth, VOC emission and the expression of genes involving in VOC formation in Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated under different N conditions. With the supplement of NaNO3, NaNO2, NH4Cl, urea, Serine (Ser) and Arginine (Arg) as the sole N source, NaNO3, urea and Arg showed the best effects on M. aeruginosa cell growth, and limited N supply inhibited the cell growth. M. aeruginosa released 26, 25, 23, 27, 23 and 25 compounds, respectively, in response to different N forms, including furans, sulfocompounds, terpenoids, benzenes, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, and esters. Low-N especially Non-N condition markedly promoted the VOC emission. Under Non-N condition, four up-regulated genes involving in VOC precursor formation were identified, including the genes of pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme and phosphotransacetylase for terpenoids, the gene of aspartate aminotransferase for benzenes and sulfocompounds. In eutrophic water, cyanobacteria release different VOC blends using various N forms, and the reduction of N amount caused by cyanobacteria massive growth can promote algal VOC emission by up-regulating the gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojiang Zuo
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Silan Chen
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chaolin Ye
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yujie Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Sutong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yuandan Ma
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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42
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Stevanović ZD, Bošnjak-Neumüller J, Pajić-Lijaković I, Raj J, Vasiljević M. Essential Oils as Feed Additives-Future Perspectives. Molecules 2018; 23:E1717. [PMID: 30011894 PMCID: PMC6100314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The inconsistency of phytogenic feed additives' (PFA) effects on the livestock industry poses a risk for their use as a replacement for antibiotic growth promoters. The livestock market is being encouraged to use natural growth promotors, but information is limited about the PFA mode of action. The aim of this paper is to present the complexity of compounds present in essential oils (EOs) and factors that influence biological effects of PFA. In this paper, we highlight various controls and optimization parameters that influence the processes for the standardization of these products. The chemical composition of EOs depends on plant genetics, growth conditions, development stage at harvest, and processes of extracting active compounds. Their biological effects are further influenced by the interaction of phytochemicals and their bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract of animals. PFA effects on animal health and production are also complex due to various EO antibiotic, antioxidant, anti-quorum sensing, anti-inflammatory, and digestive fluids stimulating activities. Research must focus on reliable methods to identify and control the quality and effects of EOs. In this study, we focused on available microencapsulation techniques of EOs to increase the bioavailability of active compounds, as well as their application in the animal feed additive industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zora Dajić Stevanović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | - Ivana Pajić-Lijaković
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jog Raj
- PATENT CO DOO, Vlade Cetkovica 1A, 24211 Misicevo, Serbia.
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43
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Mella VSA, Possell M, Troxell-Smith SM, McArthur C. Visit, consume and quit: Patch quality affects the three stages of foraging. J Anim Ecol 2018; 87:1615-1626. [PMID: 29995984 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Foraging is a three-stage process during which animals visit patches, consume food and quit. Foraging theory exploring relative patch quality has mostly focused on patch use and quitting decisions, ignoring the first crucial step for any forager: finding food. Yet, the decision to visit a patch is just as important as the decision to quit, as quitting theories can only be used if animals visit patches in the first place. Therefore, to better understand the foraging process and predict its outcomes, it is necessary to explore its three stages together. We used the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) as a model to investigate foraging decisions in response to food varying in quality. In particular, we tested whether patch nutritional quality affected the following: (1) patch visits; (2) behaviours at the patch during a foraging visit; and (3) patch quitting decisions (quantified using giving up density-GUD). Free-ranging possums were presented with diets varying in nitrogen content and concomitantly volatile organic compound (VOC) composition at feeding stations in the wild. We found that possums were able to distinguish between different quality foods from afar, despite the location of the diets changed daily. Possums used VOC (i.e. odour cues) emitted by the diets to find and select patches from a distance. High-quality diets with higher protein and lower fibre were visited more often and for longer. Possums spent more time foraging on diets high in nutritional content, resulting in lower GUDs. Our study provides important quantitative evidence that foraging efficiency plays out during all the three stages of the foraging process (i.e. visit, consume and quit), and demonstrates the significance of considering all these stages together in future studies and foraging models. Sensory cues such as food odours play a critical role in helping foragers, including mammalian herbivores, find high-quality food. This allows foragers to make quick, accurate and important decisions about food patches well before patch quitting decisions come into play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina S A Mella
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Malcolm Possell
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandra M Troxell-Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Clare McArthur
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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44
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George KW, Thompson MG, Kim J, Baidoo EE, Wang G, Benites VT, Petzold CJ, Chan LJG, Yilmaz S, Turhanen P, Adams PD, Keasling JD, Lee TS. Integrated analysis of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) toxicity in isoprenoid-producing Escherichia coli. Metab Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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45
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Liu J, Guan Z, Liu H, Qi L, Zhang D, Zou T, Yin P. Structural Insights into the Substrate Recognition Mechanism of Arabidopsis GPP-Bound NUDX1 for Noncanonical Monoterpene Biosynthesis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:218-221. [PMID: 29066356 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zeyuan Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liangbo Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Delin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tingting Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ping Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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46
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Li F, Li W, Lin YJ, Pickett JA, Birkett MA, Wu K, Wang G, Zhou JJ. Expression of lima bean terpene synthases in rice enhances recruitment of a beneficial enemy of a major rice pest. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:111-120. [PMID: 28370092 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Volatile terpenoids play a key role in plant defence against herbivory by attracting parasitic wasps. We identified seven terpene synthase genes from lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus L. following treatment with either the elicitor alamethicin or spider mites, Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Four of the genes (Pltps2, Pltps3, Pltps4 and Pltps5) were up-regulated with their derived proteins phylogenetically clustered in the TPS-g subfamily and PlTPS3 positioned at the base of this cluster. Recombinant PlTPS3 was able to convert geranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate to linalool and (E)-nerolidol, the latter being precursor of the homoterpene (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT). Recombinant PlTPS4 showed a different substrate specificity and produced linalool and (E)-nerolidol, as well as (E,E)-geranyllinalool from geranylgeranyl diphosphate. Transgenic rice expressing Pltps3 emitted significantly more (S)-linalool and DMNT than wild-type plants, whereas transgenic rice expressing Pltps4 produced (S)-linalool, DMNT and (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (TMTT). In laboratory bioassays, female Cotesia chilonis, the natural enemy of the striped rice stemborer, Chilo suppressalis, were significantly attracted to the transgenic plants and their volatiles. We further confirmed this with synthetic blends mimicking natural rice volatile composition. Our study demonstrates that the transformation of rice to produce volatile terpenoids has the potential to enhance plant indirect defence through natural enemy recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Wei Li
- Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - Yong-Jun Lin
- Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - John A Pickett
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Michael A Birkett
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Kongming Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guirong Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jing-Jiang Zhou
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
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47
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Li X, Xu Y, Shen S, Yin X, Klee H, Zhang B, Chen K. Transcription factor CitERF71 activates the terpene synthase gene CitTPS16 involved in the synthesis of E-geraniol in sweet orange fruit. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:4929-4938. [PMID: 28992329 PMCID: PMC5853461 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The unique flavor of Citrus fruit depends on complex combinations of soluble sugars, organic acids, and volatile compounds. The monoterpene E-geraniol is an important volatile, contributing to flavor in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck). Moreover, antifungal activity of E-geraniol has also been observed. However, the terpene synthase (TPS) responsible for its synthesis has not been identified in sweet orange. Terpene synthase 16 (CitTPS16) was shown to catalyze synthesis of E-geraniol in vitro, and transient overexpression of CitTPS16 in fruits and leaves of Newhall sweet orange resulted in E-geraniol accumulation in vivo. Having identified the responsible enzyme, we next examined transcriptional regulation of CitTPS16 in the fruit. Among cloned members of the AP2/ERF transcription factor gene family, CitERF71 showed a similar expression pattern to CitTPS16. Moreover, CitERF71 was able to activate the CitTPS16 promoter based on results from transient dual-luciferase assays and yeast one-hybrid assays. EMSAs showed that CitERF71 directly binds to ACCCGCC and GGCGGG motifs in the CitTPS16 promoter. These results indicate an important role for CitERF71 in transcriptional regulation of CitTP16 and, therefore, in controlling production of E-geraniol in Citrus fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yaying Xu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Shuling Shen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xueren Yin
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Harry Klee
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
- Correspondence:
| | - Kunsong Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, PR China
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48
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Vivaldo G, Masi E, Taiti C, Caldarelli G, Mancuso S. The network of plants volatile organic compounds. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11050. [PMID: 28887468 PMCID: PMC5591229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10975-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants emission of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) is involved in a wide class of ecological functions, as VOCs play a crucial role in plants interactions with biotic and abiotic factors. Accordingly, they vary widely across species and underpin differences in ecological strategy. In this paper, VOCs spontaneously emitted by 109 plant species (belonging to 56 different families) have been qualitatively and quantitatively analysed in order to provide an alternative classification of plants species. In particular, by using bipartite networks methodology from Complex Network Theory, and through the application of community detection algorithms, we show that is possible to classify species according to chemical classes such as terpenes and sulfur compounds. Such complex network analysis allows to uncover hidden plants relationships related to their evolutionary and adaptation to the environment story.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna Vivaldo
- National Research Council, Geosciences and Earth Resources (IGG), Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Masi
- Università di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente (DISPAA), Viale delle Idee, 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
| | - Cosimo Taiti
- Università di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente (DISPAA), Viale delle Idee, 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Guido Caldarelli
- IMT School for Advanced Studies, Piazza San Francesco 19, 55100, Lucca, Italy.,Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi (ISC), Roma, Italy.,London Institute for Mathematical Sciences, 35a South St. Mayfair, W1K 2XF, London, UK
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Università di Firenze, Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente (DISPAA), Viale delle Idee, 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
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49
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Costantini L, Kappel CD, Trenti M, Battilana J, Emanuelli F, Sordo M, Moretto M, Camps C, Larcher R, Delrot S, Grando MS. Drawing Links from Transcriptome to Metabolites: The Evolution of Aroma in the Ripening Berry of Moscato Bianco ( Vitis vinifera L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:780. [PMID: 28559906 PMCID: PMC5432621 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Monoterpenes confer typical floral notes to "Muscat" grapevine varieties and, to a lesser extent, to other aromatic non-Muscat varieties. Previous studies have led to the identification and functional characterization of some enzymes and genes in this pathway. However, the underlying genetic map is still far from being complete. For example, the specific steps of monoterpene metabolism and its regulation are largely unknown. With the aim of identifying new candidates for the missing links, we applied an integrative functional genomics approach based on the targeted metabolic and genome-wide transcript profiling of Moscato Bianco ripening berries. In particular, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of free and bound terpenoid compounds was combined with microarray analysis in the skins of berries collected at five developmental stages from pre-veraison to over-ripening. Differentially expressed metabolites and probes were identified in the pairwise comparison between time points by using the early stage as a reference. Metabolic and transcriptomic data were integrated through pairwise correlation and clustering approaches to discover genes linked with particular metabolites or groups of metabolites. These candidate transcripts were further checked for co-localization with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting aromatic compounds. Our findings provide insights into the biological networks of grapevine secondary metabolism, both at the catalytic and regulatory levels. Examples include a nudix hydrolase as component of a terpene synthase-independent pathway for monoterpene biosynthesis, genes potentially involved in monoterpene metabolism (cytochrome P450 hydroxylases, epoxide hydrolases, glucosyltransferases), transport (vesicle-associated proteins, ABCG transporters, glutathione S-transferases, amino acid permeases), and transcriptional control (transcription factors of the ERF, MYB and NAC families, intermediates in light- and circadian cycle-mediated regulation with supporting evidence from the literature and additional regulatory genes with a previously unreported association to monoterpene accumulation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Costantini
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Christian D. Kappel
- UMR Ecophysiology and Grape Functional Genomics, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, University of BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Massimiliano Trenti
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Juri Battilana
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Francesco Emanuelli
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Maddalena Sordo
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Marco Moretto
- Computational Biology Platform, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Céline Camps
- UMR Ecophysiology and Grape Functional Genomics, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, University of BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Roberto Larcher
- Experiment and Technological Services Department, Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Serge Delrot
- UMR Ecophysiology and Grape Functional Genomics, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, University of BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Maria S. Grando
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of TrentoSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
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50
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Kumar V, Bansal A, Chauhan RS. Modular Design of Picroside-II Biosynthesis Deciphered through NGS Transcriptomes and Metabolic Intermediates Analysis in Naturally Variant Chemotypes of a Medicinal Herb, Picrorhiza kurroa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:564. [PMID: 28443130 PMCID: PMC5387076 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Picroside-II (P-II), an iridoid glycoside, is used as an active ingredient of various commercial herbal formulations available for the treatment of liver ailments. Despite this, the knowledge of P-II biosynthesis remains scarce owing to its negligence in Picrorhiza kurroa shoots which sets constant barrier for function validation experiments. In this study, we utilized natural variation for P-II content in stolon tissues of different P. kurroa accessions and deciphered its metabolic route by integrating metabolomics of intermediates with differential NGS transcriptomes. Upon navigating through high vs. low P-II content accessions (1.3-2.6%), we have established that P-II is biosynthesized via degradation of ferulic acid (FA) to produce vanillic acid (VA) which acts as its immediate biosynthetic precursor. Moreover, the FA treatment in vitro at 150 μM concentration provided further confirmation with 2-fold rise in VA content. Interestingly, the cross-talk between different compartments of P. kurroa, i.e., shoots and stolons, resolved spatial complexity of P-II biosynthesis and consequently speculated the burgeoning necessity to bridge gap between VA and P-II production in P. kurroa shoots. This work thus, offers a forward looking strategy to produce both P-I and P-II in shoot cultures, a step toward providing a sustainable production platform for these medicinal compounds via-à-vis relieving pressure from natural habitat of P. kurroa.
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