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Tan Q, Yang Y, Yang L, Wang D, Hou X, Mokeira KD, Wu J, Lv G, Xu S, Zheng C. Assessment of total mercury in urban particulate matter by filter fiber assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion coupling with microplasma assisted-cold vapor generation. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1314:342669. [PMID: 38876510 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evaluation of particle-bound mercury (PBM) exposure is a crucial aspect of assessing the global cycle of mercury (Hg) and its adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. Nevertheless, the precise and reliable measurement of PBM remains a formidable task because of the costly and cumbersome equipment required, as well as the inadequate sensitivities exhibited by current analytical techniques. In this study, we provided a unique and straightforward approach utilising filter fiber-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion (FF-MSPD) in conjunction with single-drop solution electrode discharge-induced cold vapor generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (SD-SEGD-CVG-AFS) for the precise quantification of PBM. The PBM contained in a small filter was efficiently extracted with 200 μL of eluent (0.2 % L-cysteine and 4 % HCOOH) by FF-MSPD and subsequently converted to Hg0 using SD-SEGD-CVG, before being subjected to examination using AFS. RESULTS The resulted limit of detection (LOD, 3σ) was 0.17 pg m-3, obtained with a sample volume of 12 m3, which was much higher than that of the techniques published in the literatures. The aforementioned technique was effectively utilised for the detection of mercury in 19 samples of PM2.5 and PM10 which were collected over a span of several months. SIGNIFFCANCE Contrast to conventional methods, the proposed method offers a range of distinct advantages, including simplified operation, absence of memory effects, enhanced sensitivity, substantial reduction in reagent usage, and decreased secondary pollution. These advantages are particularly valuable for advancing research on the fate, transport, and exposure routes of environmental mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tan
- Chengdu Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610066, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China; School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610039, China
| | - Linshan Yang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Xiaoling Hou
- Chengdu Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610066, China
| | - Kerage Dorothy Mokeira
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Jialun Wu
- Chengdu Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610066, China
| | - Guibin Lv
- Chengdu Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610066, China
| | - Shuxia Xu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China.
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Gačnik J, Živković I, Kotnik J, Božič D, Tassone A, Naccarato A, Pirrone N, Sprovieri F, Steffen A, Horvat M. Comparison of active measurements, lichen biomonitoring, and passive sampling for atmospheric mercury monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:35800-35810. [PMID: 38740686 PMCID: PMC11136809 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The number of atmospheric mercury (Hg) monitoring stations is growing globally. However, there are still many regions and locations where Hg monitoring is limited or non-existent. Expansion of the atmospheric Hg monitoring network could be facilitated by the use of cost-effective monitoring methods. As such, biomonitoring and passive monitoring offer a unique alternative to well-established monitoring by active measurements, since they do not require a power supply and require minimal workload to operate. The use of biomonitoring (lichens and mosses) and passive air samplers (PASs) (various designs with synthetic materials) has been reported in the literature, and comparisons with active measurement methods have also been made. However, these studies compared either biomonitoring or PASs (not both) to only one type of active measurement. In our work, we used transplanted (7 sampling sites) and in situ lichens (8 sampling sites) for biomonitoring, two PASs from different producers (3 sampling sites), and two different active measurement types (continuous and discontinuous active measurements, 1 and 8 sampling sites, respectively) to evaluate their effectiveness as monitoring methods. In the 9-month sampling campaign, 3 sampling locations with different characteristics (unpolluted, vicinity of a cement plant, and vicinity of a former Hg mine) were used. The results obtained with lichens and PASs clearly distinguished between sampling locations with different Hg concentrations; using both PASs and lichens together increased the confidence of our observations. The present work shows that biomonitoring and passive sampling can be effectively used to identify areas with elevated atmospheric Hg concentrations. The same can be said for discontinuous active measurements; however, the discrepancy between atmospheric Hg concentrations derived from PASs and discontinuous active measurements should be further investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gačnik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Živković
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jože Kotnik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dominik Božič
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Antonella Tassone
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, National Research Council, Rende, Italy
| | - Attilio Naccarato
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, National Research Council, Rende, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Nicola Pirrone
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, National Research Council, Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Sprovieri
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, National Research Council, Rende, Italy
| | - Alexandra Steffen
- Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Canada
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Ciani F, Fornasaro S, Benesperi R, Bianchi E, Cabassi J, Di Nuzzo L, Grifoni L, Venturi S, Costagliola P, Rimondi V. Mercury accumulation efficiency of different biomonitors in indoor environments: the case study of the Central Italian Herbarium (Florence, Italy). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:124232-124244. [PMID: 37999838 PMCID: PMC10746580 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring studies are often employed to track airborne pollutants both in outdoor and indoor environments. In this study, the mercury (Hg) sorption by three biomonitors, i.e., Pinus nigra bark, Pseudovernia furfuracea lichen, and Hypnum cupressiforme moss, was investigated in controlled (indoor) conditions. In comparison to outdoor environments, controlled conditions offer the opportunity to investigate more in detail the variables (humidity, temperature, pollutants speciation, etc.) that control Hg uptake. The biomonitors were exposed in two distinct periods of the year for 2 and 12 months respectively, in the halls of the Central Italian Herbarium (Natural History Museum of the University of Florence, Italy), which are polluted by Hg, due to past plant sample treatments. The Hg sorption trend was monitored every 3 weeks by recording: (i) the Hg content in the substrata, (ii) gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) concentrations in the exposition halls, (iii) temperature, (iv) humidity, and (v) particulate matter (PM) concentrations. At the end of the experiment, Hg concentrations in the biomonitors range from 1130 ± 201 to 293 ± 45 μg kg-1 (max-min) in barks, from 3470 ± 571 to 648 ± 40 μg kg-1 in lichens, and from 3052 ± 483 to 750 ± 127 μg kg-1 in mosses. All the biomonitors showed the highest Hg accumulation after the first 3 weeks of exposure. Mercury concentrations increased over time showing a continuous accumulation during the experiments. The biomonitors demonstrated different Hg accumulation trends in response to GEM concentrations and to the different climatic conditions (temperature and humidity) of the Herbarium halls. Barks strictly reflected the gaseous Hg pollution, while lichen and moss accumulation was also influenced by the climatic conditions of the indoor environment. Mercury bound to PM seemed to provide a negligible contribution to the biomonitors final uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ciani
- Department of Earth Science, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Fornasaro
- Department of Earth Science, University of Pisa, Via Santa Maria 53, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Renato Benesperi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bianchi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Jacopo Cabassi
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources (IGG), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Di Nuzzo
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Grifoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefania Venturi
- Department of Earth Science, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources (IGG), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Pilario Costagliola
- Department of Earth Science, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Rimondi
- Department of Earth Science, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy.
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Favilli L, Giacomino A, Malandrino M, Inaudi P, Diana A, Abollino O. Strategies for mercury speciation with single and multi-element approaches by HPLC-ICP-MS. Front Chem 2022; 10:1082956. [PMID: 36531326 PMCID: PMC9754325 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1082956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) and its compounds are highly toxic for humans and ecosystems, and their chemical forms determine both their behavior and transportation as well as their potential toxicity for human beings. Determining the various species of an element is therefore more crucial than understanding its overall concentration in samples. For this reason, several studies focus on the development of new analytical techniques for the identification, characterization, and quantification of Hg compounds. Commercially available, hyphenated technology, such as HPLC-ICP-MS, supports the rapid growth of speciation analysis. This review aims to summarize and critically examine different approaches for the quantification of mercury species in different samples using HPLC-ICP-MS. The steps preceding the quantification of the analyte, namely sampling and pretreatment, will also be addressed. The scenarios evaluated comprehend single and multi-element speciation analysis to create a complete guide about mercury content quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Favilli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Agnese Giacomino
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Mery Malandrino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Inaudi
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Aleandro Diana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ornella Abollino
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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5
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Davis M, Lu J. Calibration Sources for Gaseous Oxidized Mercury: A Review of Source Design, Performance, and Operational Parameters. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36223220 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2131373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Mercury is a neurotoxin that, unlike many localized industrial pollutants, spreads globally through atmospheric transport. Mercury in the atmosphere is operationally partitioned into gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM), and particulate-bound mercury (TPM). Although GOM makes up only a small fraction of Hg in the free troposphere under normal conditions, its role in the dry and wet deposition of mercury makes GOM a significant species for understanding the transport and fate of mercury in the atmosphere. Although instruments for atmospheric mercury speciation are commercially available, significant uncertainty is associated with the current speciation methods, from sample collection to calibration, for GOM measurements. This paper examines the custom-made calibration sources that have been developed for GOM measuring instruments, evaluates the factors influencing the source performance, and synthesizes recommendations for the design and operation of GOM calibration sources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julia Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
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6
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Martino M, Tassone A, Angiuli L, Naccarato A, Dambruoso PR, Mazzone F, Trizio L, Leonardi C, Petracchini F, Sprovieri F, Pirrone N, D'Amore F, Bencardino M. First atmospheric mercury measurements at a coastal site in the Apulia region: seasonal variability and source analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:68460-68475. [PMID: 35543786 PMCID: PMC9508219 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the framework of the Italian Special Network for Mercury (ISNM) "Reti Speciali", a sampling campaign to monitor atmospheric mercury (Hg) was carried out at Monte Sant'Angelo (MSA). This is a coastal monitoring station in the Apulia region, representative of the Southern Adriatic area, within the Mediterranean basin. This work presents continuous Gaseous Elemental Mercury (GEM) measurements over about three years at MSA, using the Lumex RA-915AM mercury analyzer. The aim was to obtain a dataset suitable for the analysis of Hg concentrations in terms of source and transport variation. Diurnal cycles of GEM were evaluated to observe the influence of local atmospheric temperature and wind speed on potential re-emissions from surrounding sea and soil surfaces. Data were also analyzed in terms of long-range transport, using backward trajectory cluster analysis. The spatial distribution of potential sources, contributing to higher measured GEM values, was obtained employing Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) statistics. The influence of major Hg anthropogenic point sources, such as mining activities and coal-fuel power plants, both regionally and continentally, from mainland Europe, was observed. The role of the vegetation GEM uptake in modulating the seasonal GEM variability was also investigated. The potential of wildfire influence over the highest detected GEM levels was further examined using active fire data and the evaluation of the vegetation dryness index during the selected episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Martino
- CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Angiuli
- Apulia Region Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA Puglia), Bari, Italy
| | - Attilio Naccarato
- CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Fiorella Mazzone
- Apulia Region Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA Puglia), Bari, Italy
| | - Livia Trizio
- Apulia Region Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA Puglia), Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Nicola Pirrone
- CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende, Italy
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7
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A pocket-size device for monitoring gaseous elemental mercury by passive sampling on a Nano-Au screen-printed electrode and detection by single drop smartphone-controlled voltammetry. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Spanu D, Butti L, Boldrocchi G, Bettinetti R, Recchia S, Monticelli D. Selective organomercury determination by ICP-MS made easy. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1206:339553. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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9
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Kozaki D, Mori M, Hamasaki S, Doi T, Tanihata S, Yamamoto A, Takahashi T, Sakamoto K, Funado S. Simple mercury determination using an enclosed quartz cell with cold vapour-atomic absorption spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1106-1109. [PMID: 33569554 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02232b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A simple method for determining total inorganic mercury (Hg) in solution using an enclosed quartz cell applying cold vapour-atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS) can reduce sample volume, reductant, and cost compared with those of official methods. The Hg determination under the optimised conditions achieves precision similar to that of conventional CV-AAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kochi University, 2-5-1 Akebono-cho, Kochi City, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.
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10
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Sather ME, Mukerjee S, Smith L, Mathew J, Jackson C, Flournoy M. Gaseous Oxidized Mercury Dry Deposition Measurements in the Four Corners Area, U.S.A., after Large Power Plant Mercury Emission Reductions. ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 12:148-158. [PMID: 33746528 PMCID: PMC7970455 DOI: 10.1016/j.apr.2020.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) dry deposition measurements using surrogate surface passive samplers were collected at six sites in the Four Corners area, U.S.A., for the two-year period August, 2017-August, 2019, after the implementation of large power plant mercury emission reductions across the U.S.A. Two-year baseline GOM dry deposition measurements at the same six sites in the Four Corners area, taken before the implementation of U.S.A. power plant mercury control regulations, were conducted earlier from August, 2009-August, 2011. The GOM dry deposition rate estimate decreased at the Four Corners area high elevation remote mountain site of Molas Pass, Colorado (3249 m asl) from 0.4 ng/m2h for August, 2009-August, 2011 to 0.3 ng/m2h for August, 2017-August, 2019. In contrast, GOM dry deposition rate estimates for the remaining five sites increased for August, 2017-August, 2019, ranging from 0.8-1.3 ng/m2h, up from the August, 2009-August, 2011 range of 0.6-1.0 ng/m2h. Comparisons of median GOM dry deposition values showed a statistically significant decrease of 17 ng/m2 at the Molas Pass site between August, 2009-August, 2011 and August, 2017-August, 2019, and a statistically significant increase of 66 ng/m2 and 64 ng/m2, respectively, at the Mesa Verde National Park and Farmington Substation sites between August, 2009-August, 2011 and August, 2017-August, 2019. For the four years of GOM dry deposition data collected in the Four Corners area annual GOM dry deposition levels ranged from 2237 ng/m2yr (at the Molas Pass high elevation remote mountain site) to 11542 ng/m2yr (at the Mesa Verde National Park site), and the estimates were generally higher in magnitude in the spring and summer compared to the fall and winter. In light of the unexpected increases in GOM dry deposition rates at the non-remote sites, it is suggested that large regional wildfires and local anthropogenic mercury emission sources from cities and oil/gas production areas are possible notable contributors to the GOM dry deposition measurements collected in the Four Corners area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Sather
- Air Monitoring & Grants Section, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 6, 1201 Elm Street, Dallas, Texas 75270
| | - Shaibal Mukerjee
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, U.S. EPA (E205-03), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Luther Smith
- Serco, Inc., 4819 Emperor Blvd., Suite 400, Durham, North Carolina 27703
| | - Johnson Mathew
- Houston Laboratory, U.S. EPA Region 6, 10625 Fallstone Road, Houston, Texas 77099
| | - Clarence Jackson
- Houston Laboratory, U.S. EPA Region 6, 10625 Fallstone Road, Houston, Texas 77099
| | - Michael Flournoy
- Eurofins Frontier Global Sciences, 5755 8 St. E, Tacoma, Washington 98424
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11
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Kim YK, Pham TC, Kim J, Bae C, Choi Y, Jo MH, Lee S. Polydiacetylenes Containing 2‐Picolylamide Chemosensor for Colorimetric Detection of Cadmium Ions. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kyun Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan 48513 South Korea
| | - Thanh Chung Pham
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan 48513 South Korea
| | - Jaewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Pukyong National University Busan 48513 South Korea
| | - Chaeeon Bae
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan 48513 South Korea
| | - Yeonghwan Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan 48513 South Korea
| | - Min Hee Jo
- Department of Chemistry Pukyong National University Busan 48513 South Korea
| | - Songyi Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan 48513 South Korea
- Department of Chemistry Pukyong National University Busan 48513 South Korea
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12
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Disposable and Low-Cost Colorimetric Sensors for Environmental Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228331. [PMID: 33187161 PMCID: PMC7697538 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Environmental contamination affects human health and reduces the quality of life. Therefore, the monitoring of water and air quality is important, ensuring that all areas are acquiescent with the current legislation. Colorimetric sensors deliver quick, naked-eye detection, low-cost, and adequate determination of environmental analytes. In particular, disposable sensors are cheap and easy-to-use devices for single-shot measurements. Due to increasing requests for in situ analysis or resource-limited zones, disposable sensors’ development has increased. This review provides a brief insight into low-cost and disposable colorimetric sensors currently used for environmental analysis. The advantages and disadvantages of different colorimetric devices for environmental analysis are discussed.
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13
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Avossa J, De Cesare F, Papa P, Zampetti E, Bearzotti A, Marelli M, Pirrone N, Macagnano A. Characteristics and Performances of a Nanostructured Material for Passive Samplers of Gaseous Hg. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E6021. [PMID: 33113994 PMCID: PMC7660345 DOI: 10.3390/s20216021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Passive air samplers (PASs) have been used for mapping gaseous mercury concentration in extensive areas. In this work, an easy-to-use and -prepare gold nanoparticle (NP)-based PAS has been investigated. The PAS is constituted of a microfibrous quartz disk filter impregnated of gold NP photo-growth on TiO2 NPs (Au@TiO2) and used as gaseous mercury adsorbing material. The disk was housed in a cylinder glass container and subjected to an axial diffusive sampling. The adsorbed mercury was measured by thermal desorption using a Tekran® instrument. Different amounts of Au@TiO2 (ranging between 4.0 and 4.0 × 10-3 mg) were deposited by drop-casting onto the fibrous substrate and assessed for about 1 year of deployment in outdoor environment with a mercury concentration mean of about 1.24 ± 0.32 ng/m3 in order to optimize the adsorbing layer. PASs showed a linear relation of the adsorbed mercury as a function of time with a rate of 18.5 ± 0.4 pg/day (≈1.5% of the gaseous concentration per day). However, only the PAS with 4 mg of Au@TiO2, provided with a surface density of about 3.26 × 10-2 mg/mm2 and 50 μm thick inside the fibrous quartz, kept stability in working, with a constant sampling rate (SR) (0.0138 ± 0.0005 m3/day) over an outdoor monitoring experimental campaign of about 1 year. On the other hand, higher sampling rates have been found when PASs were deployed for a few days, making these tools also effective for one-day monitoring. Furthermore, these PASs were used and re-used after each thermal desorption to confirm the chance to reuse such structured layers within their samplers, thus supporting the purpose to design inexpensive, compact and portable air pollutant sampling devices, ideal for assessing both personal and environmental exposures. During the whole deployment, PASs were aided by simultaneous Tekran® measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Avossa
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research—National Research Council, Research Area of Rome 1, Via Salaria km 23,600, Monterotondo, 00016 Rome, Italy; (J.A.); (F.D.C.); (P.P.); (E.Z.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio De Cesare
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research—National Research Council, Research Area of Rome 1, Via Salaria km 23,600, Monterotondo, 00016 Rome, Italy; (J.A.); (F.D.C.); (P.P.); (E.Z.); (A.B.)
- Department of Innovation in Biological Systems, Food and Forestry (DIBAF), Via S. Camillo de Lellis, University of Tuscia, 00100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Paolo Papa
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research—National Research Council, Research Area of Rome 1, Via Salaria km 23,600, Monterotondo, 00016 Rome, Italy; (J.A.); (F.D.C.); (P.P.); (E.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Emiliano Zampetti
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research—National Research Council, Research Area of Rome 1, Via Salaria km 23,600, Monterotondo, 00016 Rome, Italy; (J.A.); (F.D.C.); (P.P.); (E.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrea Bearzotti
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research—National Research Council, Research Area of Rome 1, Via Salaria km 23,600, Monterotondo, 00016 Rome, Italy; (J.A.); (F.D.C.); (P.P.); (E.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Marcello Marelli
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)—National Research Council, c/o Area di Ricerca di Milano 1, Sede Fantoli, Via Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milano, Italy;
| | - Nicola Pirrone
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research—National Research Council, Division of Rende, UNICAL Polifuzionale, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Antonella Macagnano
- Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research—National Research Council, Research Area of Rome 1, Via Salaria km 23,600, Monterotondo, 00016 Rome, Italy; (J.A.); (F.D.C.); (P.P.); (E.Z.); (A.B.)
- Department of Innovation in Biological Systems, Food and Forestry (DIBAF), Via S. Camillo de Lellis, University of Tuscia, 00100 Viterbo, Italy
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Zhang T, Lou X, Xu L, He S. Elemental mercury sensing by synchronously sweeping two multimode diode lasers. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:3360-3368. [PMID: 32400446 DOI: 10.1364/ao.386105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a sum-frequency-generation (SFG) laser-based elemental mercury sensing method by mixing two low-cost multimode diode lasers (MDLs). The wavelengths of the two MDLs are synchronously scanned, which enlarges the whole coverage range of wavelength and improves the measurement stability. Correlation spectroscopy was used to eliminate the impact of environmental change and enhance and trace the absorption signal of the sample accurately. A novel data processing method was employed to extract the weak absorption signals from the background efficiently. A sensitivity of ${0.1}\;\unicode{x00B5} {{\rm g/m}^3}$0.1µg/m3 (11 ppt) was achieved for 1-m path length and 10-s integration time. The sensing range was efficiently increased up to ${200}\;\unicode{x00B5} {{\rm g/m}^3}$200µg/m3 using a calibration curve based on a new mathematical analytical formula. Real-time monitoring of the mercury volatilization and diffusion process was experimentally demonstrated with a time resolution of 10 s. The performance of the system shows great practical value for the detection of elemental mercury in industrial applications.
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15
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Lyman SN, Cheng I, Gratz LE, Weiss-Penzias P, Zhang L. An updated review of atmospheric mercury. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:135575. [PMID: 31784172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The atmosphere is a key component of the biogeochemical cycle of mercury, acting as a reservoir, transport mechanism, and facilitator of chemical reactions. The chemical and physical behavior of atmospheric mercury determines how, when, and where emitted mercury pollution impacts ecosystems. In this review, we provide current information about what is known and what remains uncertain regarding mercury in the atmosphere. We discuss new ambient, laboratory, and theoretical information about the chemistry of mercury in various atmospheric media. We review what is known about mercury in and on solid- and liquid-phase aerosols. We present recent findings related to wet and dry deposition and spatial and temporal trends in atmospheric mercury concentrations. We also review atmospheric measurement methods that are in wide use and those that are currently under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth N Lyman
- Bingham Research Center, Utah State University, 320 N Aggie Blvd., Vernal, UT, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, USA.
| | - Irene Cheng
- Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 4905 Dufferin St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lynne E Gratz
- Environmental Studies Program, Colorado College, 14 East Cache la Poudre St., Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Peter Weiss-Penzias
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA, USA; Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Leiming Zhang
- Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 4905 Dufferin St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Li H, Liu S, Hassan MM, Ali S, Ouyang Q, Chen Q, Wu X, Xu Z. Rapid quantitative analysis of Hg 2+ residue in dairy products using SERS coupled with ACO-BP-AdaBoost algorithm. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 223:117281. [PMID: 31234020 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with multivariate calibrations were employed to develop a rapid, simple and sensitive method for determination of mercury ions residues in dairy products. Initially, spherical Au@SiO2 core shell nanoparticles with highly enhancement effect were synthesized to serve as the SERS substrate. Afterwards, an optical sensor system, namely micro-Raman spectroscopy system, was constructed for rapid acquisition of Au@SiO2-mercury ions spectra. Then, ant colony optimization (ACO) and genetic algorithm (GA) were applied comparatively for selecting the characteristic variables from the Savitzky Golay-First derivative (SG-FD) processing data for subsequent quantitative analysis. Eventually, both linear (PLS and SW-MLR) and nonlinear (BPANN and BP-AdaBoost) methods were used for modeling. Experimental results showed that the variables selection methods significantly improved the model performance. Especially for the ACO algorithm, and the ACO-BP-AdaBoost model achieved the best results with the higher correlation coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.997), and lower root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP = 0.092) than other quantification models. Paired sample t-test exhibited no statistically significant difference (sig > 0.05) between the reference concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the predicted concentrations by ACO-BP-AdaBoost model in adulterated foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Md Mehedi Hassan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujat Ali
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenlin Xu
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment in Agricultural Products Preservation Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Kalagbor IA, Dibofori-Orji AN, Ekpete OA. Exposure to Heavy Metals in Soot Samples and Cancer Risk Assessment in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. J Health Pollut 2019; 9:191211. [PMID: 31893172 PMCID: PMC6905146 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-9.24.191211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Port Harcourt is an oil-rich city in Nigeria's Niger delta region. For over two years, Port Harcourt experienced black soot deposition in the environment. In November 2016, residents woke up to black soot covering cars, clothes, houses, plants, etc. Soot concentrations continued to increase until the first quarter of 2017. After public outcry, the frequency and concentration of soot deposition began to decline. OBJECTIVE The present study was carried out to determine the presence and levels of heavy metals in soot along with a cancer risk assessment of heavy metals exposure in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. METHOD Three residential locations were sampled: Aba road, Woji and Iwofe. Sampling was performed from 6:00 am to 6:00 pm, to simulate the estimated duration that most residents who do not work in offices are exposed to soot in places such as the open market and business areas. Five heavy metals (iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) were investigated. The data obtained were subjected to Pearson correlation and one-way analysis of variance using SPSS software to test the correlation and significant differences between metals concentrations. RESULTS Lead was found to have a significant correlation with Cd (0.808), indicating that both metals originated from the same source. Concentrations of heavy metals were higher than control values and the World Health Organization's specifications for ambient air. Chromium concentrations were the lowest. The order of concentration of heavy metals was Fe > Pb > Cd > Ni > Cr. CONCLUSIONS Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks of these heavy metals were evaluated using the target hazard quotient (THQ) and the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR). Obtained ILCR values were within the acceptable limits for cancer risks. However, the total ILCR values for Cd and Pb for children were 3 times higher than those for adults. This is a source of concern as their prevalence in ambient air puts children and residents in Port Harcourt metropolis at risk of various types of cancers. COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ozioma A. Ekpete
- Department of Chemistry, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
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Wang S, Cao J, Cheng Y, Lu C. A Sensitive Fluorescent Turn-on Probe NapP-deap Based on Naphthalimide Derivative to Detect Hg(II) Ions in HEPES Buffer Solution and Living Cells. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-9246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Can the MerPAS Passive Air Sampler Discriminate Landscape, Seasonal, and Elevation Effects on Atmospheric Mercury? A Feasibility Study in Mississippi, USA. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10100617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Accurately measuring gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) concentrations in the atmosphere is important to understand its sources, cycling, distribution, and temporal trends. The MerPAS passive air sampler from Tekran Inc. (Toronto, ON, Canada) captures GEM on sulfur-impregnated activated carbon after it passes through a Radeillo diffusive barrier. Because they are small, relatively low in cost, and require no power, they can be deployed at multiple locations, yielding a much greater spatial resolution, albeit at coarser temporal resolution, compared to active sampling. In this study, we used the MerPAS to measure GEM concentration gradients at a mixed hardwood forest, wetland, pond, and a mowed (grass) field, all within close proximity (<500 m) to each other. Vertical profiles (0.5, 3.0, 5.5 m) were assessed during summer and winter. The sorbent was analyzed using a direct mercury analyzer. The samplers were captured between 0.90 to 2.2 ng over 2 weeks, well above the mean blank of 0.14 ng. We observed differences between the landscapes, elevation, and seasons. Nearest to the surface, GEM concentrations were lowest in the wetland (both seasons), where there was dense vegetation, and highest in the mowed field (both seasons). Generally, GEM levels increased with the elevation above the ground, except for the forest where the trend was slightly reversed. This suggests a possible net GEM deposition from the atmosphere to surfaces for three of the four landscapes. GEM concentrations were slightly higher in the winter than the summer at 5.5 m height where air masses were unimpeded by vegetation. Overall, we conclude that the MerPAS is indeed capable of measuring GEM gradients between landscapes, elevations, and seasons, if given sufficient collection time, good analytical precision, and low blank levels.
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Panichev N, Mokgalaka N, Panicheva S. Assessment of air pollution by mercury in South African provinces using lichens Parmelia caperata as bioindicators. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:2239-2250. [PMID: 30915596 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale assessment of atmospheric air pollution by mercury (Hg) using lichen Parmelia caperata as biological indicator was undertaken using samples from five provinces of South Africa collected between 2013 and 2017. Analysis of lichens provides time-integrated data, which correspond to the mean Hg concentration in air at a specific location over a long time period. Determination of Hg in lichens was carried out by direct thermal decomposition of samples using a Zeeman-effect atomic absorption spectrometer, thereby requiring no chemical pretreatment. The lowest mercury concentration of 60 ± 8.0 ng g-1 (n = 45) was measured in lichens from Limpopo province. This value was accepted as a background Hg concentration in SA lichens. The Hg in lichens from northern parts of Mpumalanga province varied from 72 ± 9.0 to 100 ± 17 ng g-1 (n = 45), while in southern parts of the province, where 11 coal-fired electrical power stations are located, values ranged from 139 ± 7.0 to 183 ± 10 ng g-1 (n = 28). The highest Hg concentration, 218 ± 21 ng g-1 (n = 10), was found in lichens from Secunda, Mpumalanga province. It could be traced to the possible Hg emission during thermal treatment of coal at the largest SA industrial plant that transforms coal into liquid fuels. In Pretoria and Johannesburg, cities in Gauteng province, Hg in lichens was between 110 and 162 ng g-1 (n = 48). Based on the results of measurements, the equation connecting Hg concentration in lichens with Hg concentration in air has been derived. It was used for the calculation of atmospheric Hg concentration in South African provinces. Calculated values (0.8-1.45 ng m-3) were found to be within statistical summary of mean atmospheric Hg in remote places (1.70 ± 0.17 ng m-3), and in other locations (1.5-3.0 ng m-3) lower than in impacted areas of the world (5.20 ± 3.47 ng m-3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Panichev
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, P.O. Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0007, South Africa.
| | - Ntebogeng Mokgalaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, P.O. Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0007, South Africa
| | - Svetlana Panicheva
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, P.O. Box 56208, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0007, South Africa
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Lay B, Sabri YM, Kandjani AE, Bhargava SK. Using colloidal lithography to control the formation of gas sorption sites through galvanic replacement reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 547:199-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Xia H, Li C, Chen H. Green preparation of CuI particles in dielectric barrier discharge for colorimetric determination of trace mercury in comparison with atomic fluorescence spectrometric determination. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Jampaiah D, Chalkidis A, Sabri YM, Bhargava SK. Role of Ceria in the Design of Composite Materials for Elemental Mercury Removal. CHEM REC 2018; 19:1407-1419. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deshetti Jampaiah
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)School of Science, RMIT University GPO BOX 2476 Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia
| | - Anastasios Chalkidis
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)School of Science, RMIT University GPO BOX 2476 Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia
| | - Ylias M. Sabri
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)School of Science, RMIT University GPO BOX 2476 Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia
| | - Suresh K. Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)School of Science, RMIT University GPO BOX 2476 Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia
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Ohata M, Nishiguchi K. Research Progress on Gas to Particle Conversion-Gas Exchange ICP-MS for Direct Analysis of Ultra-trace Metallic Compound Gas. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:657-666. [PMID: 29887553 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18sbr01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel gas to particle conversion-gas exchange technique coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GPD-GED-ICP-MS) was recently proposed for the direct analysis of ultra-trace levels of metallic compound gases such as metal carbonyl and semiconductor gases as well as gaseous mercury (Hg) in ambient air. These metallic compound gases should reveal reactivity with respect to ozone and gas to particle conversion could be obtained in a gas to particle conversion device (GPD) through metal oxides by oxidation. The particles converted were separated from non-reactive gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide in ambient air by a gas exchange device (GED) and the particles in argon, otherwise ICP cannot be maintained, were directly introduced and measured by ICP-MS. Since the technique detects the metallic compound gas directly without any sampling methods, it is expected to be applied to real-time monitoring. This article highlights the research progress and novelty on GPD-GED-ICP-MS for the direct analysis of ultra-trace metallic compound gas. It was also noted that the direct analysis of gaseous Hg at the concentration level of a few ng m-3 in ambient air mentioned in this article was world-first achieved by GPD-GED-ICP-MS. The research progress for multi-element analysis in suspended particulate matter by GED-ICP-MS was also mentioned since the GED was always used for GPD-GED-ICP-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ohata
- Inorganic Standards Group, Research Institute for Material and Chemical Measurement, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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25
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Reversible chemiresistive sensing of ultra-low levels of elemental mercury vapor using thermally reduced graphene oxide. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:289. [PMID: 29744811 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
A chemiresistor sensor for ultra-low levels of elemental mercury (Hg0) vapor is described. The sensor was prepared through thermal reduction of graphene oxide (GO) deposited on an interdigitated electrode using only low temperature annealing typically at 230 °C. The sensor responds to the presence of Hg0 vapor within <1 min and spontaneously recovers its baseline through flushing with a Hg0-free carrier gas. The sensor has a linear response in the range of 0.5 to 12.2 ppbv of Hg0 vapor and a detection limit of 0.10 ppbv. The amount of GO and annealing temperature affect the sensor response and were optimized. The sensor can find use in monitoring exposure of persons to Hg0 vapors, for which a threshold value of 6.1 ppbv has been set by the World Health Organization. Graphical abstract Schematic of an interdigitated electrode modified with a layer of thermally reduced graphene oxide. It can be used as a chemiresistive sensor for Hg0 vapor. The sensor displays a rapid and reversible response and has an ultralow detection limit of 0.10 ppbv.
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Sysalová J, Kučera J, Drtinová B, Červenka R, Zvěřina O, Komárek J, Kameník J. Mercury species in formerly contaminated soils and released soil gases. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:1032-1039. [PMID: 28161047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Total mercury (T-Hg), elemental mercury (Hg0), methylmercury (MeHg+), phenylmercury (PhHg+), and gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) species were determined in soils formerly contaminated by different processes from two sites in the Czech Republic. Analytical methods involved atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) using a single-purpose Advanced Mercury Analyser AMA-254 and radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) for T-Hg determination, a thermal desorption method was used for Hg0 determination, gas chromatography coupled with atomic fluorescence spectrometry (GC-AFS) was employed for assay of MeHg+ and PhHg+, while GEM measurement was carried out using a portable Zeeman-AAS device Lumex RA-915+. The first sampling site was in the surroundings of a former PhHgCl-based fungicide processing plant next to Příbram (central Bohemia). Although the use of Hg-based fungicides as seed mordant have been banned, and their production stopped at the end of 1980's, highly elevated Hg contents in soil are still observed in the vicinity of the former plant, reaching T-Hg values >13mgkg-1. The second sampling site was an abandoned mining area named Jedová hora Hill near Hořovice (central Bohemia), where cinnabar (HgS) was occasionally mined as by-product of Fe ores hematite and siderite. Mining activities have been stopped here in 1857. Very high contents of T-Hg are still found at this site, up to 144mgkg-1. In most cases we found a statistically significant correlation between T-Hg and Hg0 values regardless of the pollution source. On the contrary, insignificant correlation was observed neither between T-Hg and GEM values, nor between GEM and Hg0. Concentrations of the investigated organomercury species were above a limit of detection (LOD) only in the most contaminated samples, where their levels were about two to three orders of magnitude lower compared to those of T-Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiřina Sysalová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, AAS laboratory, Technická 5, CZ-166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Kučera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-250 68 Husinec-Řež 130, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Drtinová
- Czech Technical University, Department of Nuclear Chemistry, Břehová 7, CZ-115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Rostislav Červenka
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Zvěřina
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Public Health, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Bohunice, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Komárek
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kameník
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-250 68 Husinec-Řež 130, Czech Republic
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Kabir KM, Ippolito SJ, Kandjani AE, Sabri YM, Bhargava SK. Nano-engineered surfaces for mercury vapor sensing: Current state and future possibilities. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lou X, Zhang T, Lin H, Gao S, Xu L, Wang J, Wan L, He S. Detection of gaseous elemental mercury using a frequency-doubled green diode laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:27509-27520. [PMID: 27906322 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.027509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a second-harmonic-generation (SHG) based method for the detection of gaseous elemental mercury by using a newly available green diode laser. Multimode ultraviolet radiation at 253.7 nm is generated through a process of SHG. Correlation spectroscopy is introduced into the scheme to guarantee the measurement accuracy. The limit of detection achieved is 0.6 μg/m3 (0.07 ppb) for 1-m pathlength and 10-s integration time. The measurement accuracy is estimated to be 1.2%. The linear response range is estimated to be 0~60 μg/m2 (6.7 ppb·m), within which the linearity error is less than 1%. Real-time monitoring of mercury volatilization is demonstrated with a time resolution of 1 s. The results of performance characterization show that the proposed method has great potentials for mercury sensing in environmental and industrial fields.
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Abstract
Heavy metal determination in ambient air is an important task for environmental researchers because of their toxicity to human beings. Some heavy metals (hexavalent chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni)) have been listed as carcinogens. Furthermore, heavy metals in the atmosphere can accumulate in various plants and animals and enter humans through the food chain. This article reviews the determination of heavy metals in the atmosphere in different areas of the world since 2006. The results showed that most researchers concentrated on toxic metals, such as Cr, Cd, Ni, As and lead. A few studies used plant materials as bio-monitors for the atmospheric levels of heavy metals. Some researchers found higher concentrations of heavy metals surrounding industrial areas compared with residential and/or commercial areas. Most studies reported the major sources of the particulate matter and heavy metals in the atmosphere to be industrial emissions, vehicular emissions and secondary aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sung-Ok Baek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-Si, Republic of Korea
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Griffin MJ, Kabir KMM, Coyle VE, Kandjani AE, Sabri YM, Ippolito SJ, Bhargava SK. A Nanoengineered Conductometric Device for Accurate Analysis of Elemental Mercury Vapor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:1384-1392. [PMID: 26683634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel conductometric device with nanostructured gold (Au) sensitive layer which showed high-performance for elemental mercury (Hg(0)) vapor detection under simulated conditions that resemble harsh industrial environments. That is, the Hg(0) vapor sensing performance of the developed sensor was investigated under different operating temperatures (30-130 °C) and working conditions (i.e., humid) as well as in the presence of various interfering gas species, including ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitric oxide (NO), carbon mono-oxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as ethylmercaptan (EM), acetaldehyde (MeCHO) and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) among others. The results indicate that the introduction of Au nanostructures (referred to as nanospikes) on the sensor's surface enhanced the sensitivity toward Hg(0) vapor by up-to 450%. The newly developed sensor exhibited a limit of detection (LoD) (∼35 μg/m(3)), repeatability (∼94%), desorption efficiency (100%) and selectivity (∼93%) when exposed to different concentrations of Hg(0) vapor (0.5 to 9.1 mg/m(3)) and interfering gas species at a chosen operating temperature of 105 °C. Furthermore, the sensor was also found to show 91% average selectivity when exposed toward harsher industrial gases such as NO, CO, CO2, and SO2 along with same concentrations of Hg(0) vapor in similar operating conditions. In fact, this is the first time a conductometric sensor is shown to have high selectivity toward Hg(0) vapor even in the presence of H2S. Overall results indicate that the developed sensor has immense potential to be used as accurate online Hg(0) vapor monitoring technology within industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Griffin
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - K M Mohibul Kabir
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Victoria E Coyle
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Ahmad Esmaielzadeh Kandjani
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Ylias M Sabri
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Samuel J Ippolito
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University , Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC), School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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31
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Kabir KMM, Sabri YM, Lay B, Ippolito SJ, Bhargava SK. A silver electrode based surface acoustic wave (SAW) mercury vapor sensor: a physio-chemical and analytical investigation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03148j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a surface acoustic wave based Hg0 vapour sensor was developed where Ag IDT electrodes were employed as lone sensing elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. M. Mohibul Kabir
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Ylias M. Sabri
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Bebeto Lay
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Samuel J. Ippolito
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Suresh K. Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
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32
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Kabir KMM, Sabri YM, Kandjani AE, Ippolito SJ, Bhargava SK. Development and comparative investigation of Ag-sensitive layer based SAW and QCM sensors for mercury sensing applications. Analyst 2016; 141:2463-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02568k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we developed Ag sensitive layer-based surface acoustic wave (SAW) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors and focused on their comparative analysis for Hg sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Mohibul Kabir
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Ylias M. Sabri
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Ahmad Esmaielzadeh Kandjani
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Samuel J. Ippolito
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Suresh K. Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced materials & Industrial chemistry (CAMIC)
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
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33
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Chen MM, Chen L, Li HX, Brammer L, Lang JP. Highly selective detection of Hg2+ and MeHgI by di-pyridin-2-yl-[4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-vinyl)-phenyl]-amine and its zinc coordination polymer. Inorg Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qi00160b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Di-pyridin-2-yl-[4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-vinyl)-phenyl]-amine and its zinc coordination polymer are used to detect Hg2+ and MeHgI with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Min Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Liang Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Hong-Xi Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Lee Brammer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield S3 7HF
- UK
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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34
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Suvarapu LN, Baek SO. Recent Developments in the Speciation and Determination of Mercury Using Various Analytical Techniques. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:372459. [PMID: 26236539 PMCID: PMC4506829 DOI: 10.1155/2015/372459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the speciation and determination of mercury by various analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectrometry, voltammetry, inductively coupled plasma techniques, spectrophotometry, spectrofluorometry, high performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography. Approximately 126 research papers on the speciation and determination of mercury by various analytical techniques published in international journals since 2013 are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Narayana Suvarapu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 712 749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ok Baek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 712 749, Republic of Korea
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35
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Ariya PA, Amyot M, Dastoor A, Deeds D, Feinberg A, Kos G, Poulain A, Ryjkov A, Semeniuk K, Subir M, Toyota K. Mercury Physicochemical and Biogeochemical Transformation in the Atmosphere and at Atmospheric Interfaces: A Review and Future Directions. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3760-802. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500667e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Amyot
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Université de Montréal, 90
avenue Vincent-d’Indy, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3C 3J7
| | - Ashu Dastoor
- Air
Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, 2121 TransCanada Highway, Dorval, Quebec, Canada, H9P 1J3
| | | | | | | | - Alexandre Poulain
- Department
of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1N 6N5
| | - Andrei Ryjkov
- Air
Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, 2121 TransCanada Highway, Dorval, Quebec, Canada, H9P 1J3
| | - Kirill Semeniuk
- Air
Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, 2121 TransCanada Highway, Dorval, Quebec, Canada, H9P 1J3
| | - M. Subir
- Department
of Chemistry, Ball State University, 2000 West University Avenue, Muncie, Indiana 47306, United States
| | - Kenjiro Toyota
- Air
Quality Research Division, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M3H 5T4
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36
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Laffont L, Hezard T, Gros P, Heimbürger LE, Sonke JE, Behra P, Evrard D. Mercury(II) trace detection by a gold nanoparticle-modified glassy carbon electrode using square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry including a chloride desorption step. Talanta 2015; 141:26-32. [PMID: 25966376 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were deposited on a glassy carbon (GC) substrate by constant potential electrolysis and characterized by cyclic voltammetry in H2SO4 and field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). The modified AuNPs-GC electrode was used for low Hg(II) concentration detection using a Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (SWASV) procedure which included a chloride desorption step. The comparison of the obtained results with our previous work in which no desorption step was used showed that this latter step significantly improved the analytical performances, providing a three time higher sensitivity and a limit of detection of 80pM for 300s preconcentration, as well as a lower average standard deviation. The influence of chloride concentration on the AuNPs-GC electrode response to Hg(II) trace amounts was also studied and its optimal value confirmed to be in the 10(-2)M range. Finally, the AuNPs-GC electrode was used for the determination of Hg(II) in a natural groundwater sample from south of France. By using a preconcentration time of 3000s, a Hg(II) concentration of 19±3pM was found, which compared well with the result obtained by cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (22±2pM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Laffont
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, F-31062 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, INPT, LCA (Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle), UMR 1010, ENSIACET, 4 allée Emile Monso, F-31030 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France; INRA, LCA (Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle), F-31030 Toulouse, France; FCS RTRA "Sciences et Technologies pour l'Aéronautique et l'Espace", 23 avenue Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Teddy Hezard
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Gros
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Lars-Eric Heimbürger
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, 14, avenue Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France; CNRS, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Jeroen E Sonke
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, 14, avenue Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France; CNRS, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Behra
- Université de Toulouse, INPT, LCA (Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle), UMR 1010, ENSIACET, 4 allée Emile Monso, F-31030 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France; INRA, LCA (Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle), F-31030 Toulouse, France
| | - David Evrard
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France; CNRS, Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
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37
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Kim KH, Pandey SK, Brown RJC, Sheu GR, Jeon EC, Jung K, Kang CH. Investigation of the relationship between atmospheric mercury and concentrations of key greenhouse gases at a mountainous monitoring site. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2015; 17:646-655. [PMID: 25639653 DOI: 10.1039/c4em00663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of total gaseous mercury (TGM) was monitored, together with some key greenhouse gases (GHGs: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and water (H2O) vapor) at hourly intervals at a mountainous monitoring site close to the highly industrialized city of Seoul, Korea. Correlations between the concentrations of Hg and those of the greenhouse gases were examined to assess their source characteristics and responses to changes in meteorological conditions. The mean Hg levels in this study (3.58 ± 2.13 ng m(-3)) were considerably lower (by, e.g., 24.3%) than those measured previously in other comparable sites during 1999-2006 (4.73 ± 1.34 ng m(-3)). Accordingly, such a reduction in Hg levels suggests the effectiveness of the regulatory measures enforced over the years. The mean Hg level observed in this study is also lower (by approximately 5%) than those in other Asian locations. In contrast, the mean concentrations of the two most important GHGs (CO2 and CH4) were moderately higher than those of other locations across the world (by approximately 4-9%). The results of our analysis indicate that the behavior of Hg is strongly correlated with water vapor and CH4 in terms of their source characteristics, despite notable differences in their diurnal patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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39
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Sysalová J, Száková J, Tremlová J, Kašparovská K, Kotlík B, Tlustoš P, Svoboda P. Methodological aspects of in vitro assessment of bio-accessible risk element pool in urban particulate matter. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 161:216-22. [PMID: 25123460 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In vitro tests simulating the elements release from inhaled urban particulate matter (PM) with artificial lung fluids (Gamble's and Hatch's solutions) and simulated gastric and pancreatic solutions were applied for an estimation of hazardous element (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) bio-accessibility in this material. An inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were employed for the element determination in extracted solutions. The effect of the extraction agent used, extraction time, sample-to-extractant ratio, sample particle size and/or individual element properties was evaluated. Different patterns of individual elements were observed, comparing Hatch's solution vs. simulated gastric and pancreatic solutions. For Hatch's solution, a decreasing sample-to-extractant ratio in a PM size fraction of <0.063 mm resulted in increasing leached contents of all investigated elements. As already proved for other operationally defined extraction procedures, the extractable element portions are affected not only by their mobility in the particulate matter itself but also by the sample preparation procedure. Results of simulated in vitro tests can be applied for the reasonable estimation of bio-accessible element portions in the particulate matter as an alternative method, which, consequently, initiates further examinations including potential in vivo assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiřina Sysalová
- AAS Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic,
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40
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McClure CD, Jaffe DA, Edgerton ES. Evaluation of the KCl denuder method for gaseous oxidized mercury using HgBr2 at an in-service AMNet site. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:11437-44. [PMID: 25192054 DOI: 10.1021/es502545k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
During the summer of 2013, we examined the performance of KCl-coated denuders for measuring gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) by calibrating with a known source of GOM (i.e., HgBr2) at the North Birmingham SouthEastern Aerosol Research and Characterization (SEARCH) site. We found that KCl-coated denuders have near 95% collection efficiency for HgBr2 in zero air (i.e., air scrubbed of mercury and ozone). However, in ambient air, the efficiency of KCl-coated denuders in capturing HgBr2 dropped to 20-54%. We also found that absolute humidity and ozone each demonstrate a significant inverse correlation with HgBr2 recovery in ambient air. Subsequent laboratory tests with HgBr2 and the KCl-coated denuder show that ozone and absolute humidity cause the release of gaseous elemental Hg from the denuder and thus appear to explain the low recovery in ambient air. Based on these findings, we infer that the KCl denuder method underestimates atmospheric GOM concentrations and a calibration system is needed to accurately measure GOM. The system described in this paper for HgBr2 could be implemented with existing mercury speciation instrumentation and this would improve our knowledge of the response to one potentially important GOM compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal D McClure
- Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Washington , 408 ATG Building, Box 351640, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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41
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Sather ME, Mukerjee S, Allen KL, Smith L, Mathew J, Jackson C, Callison R, Scrapper L, Hathcoat A, Adam J, Keese D, Ketcher P, Brunette R, Karlstrom J, Van der Jagt G. Gaseous oxidized mercury dry deposition measurements in the southwestern USA: a comparison between Texas, eastern Oklahoma, and the Four Corners area. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:580723. [PMID: 24955412 PMCID: PMC3997905 DOI: 10.1155/2014/580723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) dry deposition measurements using aerodynamic surrogate surface passive samplers were collected in central and eastern Texas and eastern Oklahoma, from September 2011 to September 2012. The purpose of this study was to provide an initial characterization of the magnitude and spatial extent of ambient GOM dry deposition in central and eastern Texas for a 12-month period which contained statistically average annual results for precipitation totals, temperature, and wind speed. The research objective was to investigate GOM dry deposition in areas of Texas impacted by emissions from coal-fired utility boilers and compare it with GOM dry deposition measurements previously observed in eastern Oklahoma and the Four Corners area. Annual GOM dry deposition rate estimates were relatively low in Texas, ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 ng/m(2)h at the four Texas monitoring sites, similar to the 0.2 ng/m(2)h annual GOM dry deposition rate estimate recorded at the eastern Oklahoma monitoring site. The Texas and eastern Oklahoma annual GOM dry deposition rate estimates were at least four times lower than the highest annual GOM dry deposition rate estimate previously measured in the more arid bordering western states of New Mexico and Colorado in the Four Corners area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E. Sather
- Air Quality Analysis Section, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 6, 1445 Ross Avenue, Dallas, TX 75202, USA
| | - Shaibal Mukerjee
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, US EPA (E205-03), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Kara L. Allen
- Air Quality Analysis Section, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 6, 1445 Ross Avenue, Dallas, TX 75202, USA
| | - Luther Smith
- Alion Science and Technology, Inc., P.O. Box 12313, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Johnson Mathew
- Houston Laboratory, US EPA Region 6, 10625 Fallstone Road, Houston, TX 77099, USA
| | - Clarence Jackson
- Houston Laboratory, US EPA Region 6, 10625 Fallstone Road, Houston, TX 77099, USA
| | - Ryan Callison
- Cherokee Nation Environmental Programs, 208 E. Allen Road, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA
| | - Larry Scrapper
- Cherokee Nation Environmental Programs, 208 E. Allen Road, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA
| | - April Hathcoat
- Cherokee Nation Environmental Programs, 208 E. Allen Road, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA
| | - Jacque Adam
- Cherokee Nation Environmental Programs, 208 E. Allen Road, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA
| | - Danielle Keese
- Cherokee Nation Environmental Programs, 208 E. Allen Road, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA
| | - Philip Ketcher
- Cherokee Nation Environmental Programs, 208 E. Allen Road, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA
| | - Robert Brunette
- Eurofins Frontier Global Sciences, 11720 North Creek Parkway North, Suite 400, Bothell, WA 98011, USA
| | - Jason Karlstrom
- Eurofins Frontier Global Sciences, 11720 North Creek Parkway North, Suite 400, Bothell, WA 98011, USA
| | - Gerard Van der Jagt
- Eurofins Frontier Global Sciences, 11720 North Creek Parkway North, Suite 400, Bothell, WA 98011, USA
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Frentiu T, Pintican BP, Butaciu S, Mihaltan AI, Ponta M, Frentiu M. Determination, speciation and distribution of mercury in soil in the surroundings of a former chlor-alkali plant: assessment of sequential extraction procedure and analytical technique. Chem Cent J 2013; 7:178. [PMID: 24252185 PMCID: PMC4176730 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-7-178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The paper presents the evaluation of soil contamination with total, water-available, mobile, semi-mobile and non-mobile Hg fractions in the surroundings of a former chlor-alkali plant in connection with several chemical soil characteristics. Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis were used to evaluate the chemical composition variability of soil and factors influencing the fate of Hg in such areas. The sequential extraction EPA 3200-Method and the determination technique based on capacitively coupled microplasma optical emission spectrometry were checked. RESULTS A case study was conducted in the Turda town, Romania. The results revealed a high contamination with Hg in the area of the former chlor-alkali plant and waste landfills, where soils were categorized as hazardous waste. The weight of the Hg fractions decreased in the order semi-mobile > non-mobile > mobile > water leachable. Principal Component Analysis revealed 7 factors describing chemical composition variability of soil, of which 3 attributed to Hg species. Total Hg, semi-mobile, non-mobile and mobile fractions were observed to have a strong influence, while the water leachable fraction a weak influence. The two-dimensional plot of PCs highlighted 3 groups of sites according to the Hg contamination factor. The statistical approach has shown that the Hg fate in soil is dependent on pH, content of organic matter, Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu and SO42- rather than natural components, such as aluminosilicates. Cluster analysis of soil characteristics revealed 3 clusters, one of which including Hg species. Soil contamination with Cu as sulfate and Zn as nitrate was also observed. CONCLUSIONS The approach based on speciation and statistical interpretation of data developed in this study could be useful in the investigation of other chlor-alkali contaminated areas. According to the Bland and Altman test the 3-step sequential extraction scheme is suitable for Hg speciation in soil, while the used determination method of Hg is appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiberiu Frentiu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos, 400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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43
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Lodenius M. Use of plants for biomonitoring of airborne mercury in contaminated areas. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 125:113-23. [PMID: 23472606 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biological methods provide a wide variety of possibilities to monitor mercury pollution in the environment. E.g., mosses and lichens give a good picture of the spatial distribution of mercury around pollution sources. On regional or global scale the accuracy is smaller and interpretation of the results more difficult. One reason for this is the long life-time and low reactivity of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg(0)). At least temperature, light, concentration in air, speciation and biological factors affect the net deposition to or emission from vegetation. Different methods for estimating mercury fluxes between atmosphere and vegetation give different results. At contaminated sites the reaction types and fluxes most probably differ from those at uncontaminated sites. There are many pathways for mercury fluxes as well as physicochemical and biochemical reactions between different mercury species which makes it difficult to assess the fluxes in detail. Environmental conditions like temperature, light and humidity affect these fluxes. Compared to mechanical collectors biological monitors most probably give a more realistic picture of especially dry deposition but a lot of work has still to be done before we have accurate and reliable quantitative estimates of the deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lodenius
- Department of Environmental Sciences, FIN-00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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44
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Ambrose JL, Lyman SN, Huang J, Gustin MS, Jaffe DA. Fast time resolution oxidized mercury measurements during the Reno Atmospheric Mercury Intercomparison Experiment (RAMIX). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:7285-7294. [PMID: 23425102 DOI: 10.1021/es303916v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The Reno Atmospheric Mercury Intercomparison Experiment (RAMIX) was carried out from 22 August to 16 September, 2011 in Reno, NV to evaluate the performance of new and existing methods to measure atmospheric mercury (Hg). Measurements were made using a common sampling manifold to which controlled concentrations of Hg species, including gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) and HgBr2 (a surrogate gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) compound), and potential interferents were added. We present an analysis of Hg measurements made using the University of Washington's Detector for Oxidized Hg Species (DOHGS), focusing on tests of GEM and HgBr2 spike recovery, the potential for interference from ozone (O3) and water vapor (WV), and temporal variability of ambient reactive mercury (RM). The mean GEM and HgBr2 spike recoveries measured with the DOHGS were 95% and 66%, respectively. The DOHGS responded linearly to HgBr2. We found no evidence that elevated O3 interfered in the DOHGS RM measurements. A reduction in RM collection and retention efficiencies at very high ambient WV mixing ratios is possible. Comparisons between the DOHGS and participating Hg instruments demonstrate good agreement for GEM and large discrepancies for RM. The results suggest that existing GOM measurements are biased low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L Ambrose
- Science and Technology Program, University of Washington-Bothell, Bothell, Washington 98011, United States.
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45
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Hezard T, Laffont L, Gros P, Behra P, Evrard D. Hg(II) trace electrochemical detection on gold electrode: Evidence for chloride adsorption as the responsible for the broad baseline. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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46
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Evaluation of the memory effect on gold-coated silica adsorption tubes used for the analysis of gaseous mercury by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:763893. [PMID: 23589708 PMCID: PMC3621292 DOI: 10.1155/2013/763893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to reduce the experimental bias involved in the analysis of gaseous elemental mercury (Hgo), the blank response from gold-coated adsorption tubes has been investigated using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS). Our study has been compared with our recent investigation on memory effect in a cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS). The pattern of blank responses was quantified after loading different amounts of mercury and after different time intervals of 1, 14, and 45 days. In case of the one day interval, the result of five to six instant blank heating cycles confirmed successful liberation of mercury following the second and third blank heating cycles. The results of 14 or 45 days generally suggest that liberation of excess mercury is affected by both the initial loading amount and the length of storage time prior to analysis. We have demonstrated a possibly effective way to reduce memory effects. Some similarities of these results with those from CVAFS experiment suggests that the blank response is caused by a combination of mercury absorbed within the bulk gold and micro- and nanoparticles liberated during heating and not from coabsorbing interfering gaseous species.
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James JZ, Lucas D, Koshland CP. Elemental mercury vapor interaction with individual gold nanorods. Analyst 2013; 138:2323-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an36841f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lu F, Yamamura M, Nabeshima T. A highly selective and sensitive ratiometric chemodosimeter for Hg2+ ions based on an iridium(iii) complex via thioacetal deprotection reaction. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:12093-100. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50807b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Bhalla V, Roopa, Kumar M, Sharma PR, Kaur T. Hg2+ induced hydrolysis of pentaquinone based Schiff base: a new chemodosimeter for Hg2+ ions in mixed aqueous media. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:15063-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51273h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Battistel D, Baldi F, Marchetto D, Gallo M, Daniele S. A rapid electrochemical procedure for the detection of Hg(0) produced by mercuric-reductase: application for monitoring Hg-resistant bacteria activity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:10675-10681. [PMID: 22928857 DOI: 10.1021/es301444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, gold microelectrodes are employed as traps for the detection of volatilized metallic mercury produced by mercuric reductase (MerA) extracted from an Hg-resistant Pseudomonas putida strain FB1. The enzymatic reduction of Hg (II) to Hg (0) was induced by NADPH cofactor added to the samples. The amount of Hg(0) accumulated on the gold microelectrode surface was determined by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) after transferring the gold microelectrode in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 M HNO(3) + 1 M KNO(3). Electrochemical measurements were combined with spectrofluorometric assays of NADPH consumption to derive an analytical expression for the detection of a relative MerA activity of different samples with respect to that of P. putida. The method developed here was employed for the rapid determination of MerA produced by bacteria harbored in soft tissues of clams (Ruditapes philippinarum), collected in high Hg polluted sediments of Northern Adriatic Sea in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Battistel
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Cà Foscari Venezia, Calle Larga S. Marta 2137 - 30127 Venice, Italy.
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