1
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Qian M, Zhang Y, Bian Y, Feng XS, Zhang ZB. Nitrophenols in the environment: An update on pretreatment and analysis techniques since 2017. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116611. [PMID: 38909393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Nitrophenols, a versatile intermediate, have been widely used in leather, medicine, chemical synthesis, and other fields. Because these components are widely applied, they can enter the environment through various routes, leading to many hazards and toxicities. There has been a recent surge in the development of simple, rapid, environmentally friendly, and effective techniques for determining these environmental pollutants. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research progress on the pretreatment and analysis methods of nitrophenols since 2017, with a focus on environmental samples. Pretreatment methods include liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, dispersive extraction, and microextraction methods. Analysis methods mainly include liquid chromatography-based methods, gas chromatography-based methods, supercritical fluid chromatography. In addition, this review also discusses and compares the advantages/disadvantages and development prospects of different pretreatment and analysis methods to provide a reference for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qian
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yu Bian
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Zhong-Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
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2
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Lu Q, Qiu C, Zhu J, Liu J, Wang X, Guo X. Elucidation of key fatty aroma compound contributing to the hepatopancreas of Eriocheir sinensis using sensomics approach by GC-IMS and GC-MS-O. Food Chem 2024; 455:139904. [PMID: 38901221 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Aroma is one of the most noticeable characteristics when consuming Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) and is crucial for consumer satisfaction and the development of industry. In this study, we utilized fingerprints and the sensomics approach to analyze volatiles in the hepatopancreas of E. sinensis from Chongming and Taixing. GC-IMS indicated that the odor profile was dominated by pungent (-), buttery (+), and fruity (+) from Chongming and was more prone to alcoholic (-), solvent (-), and aldehydic (+) in Taixing. Moreover, PLS-DA modeling identified 2-acetylthiazole and toluene as the primary differential compounds. Subsequently, fifteen active-aroma compounds with FD values of >4 was recombined in an odorless matrix to simulate the odor profile of the hepatopancreas. Notably, removing methional may significantly decrease the intensity of the fatty and toasted odors. The findings reveal the odor profile of hepatopancreas and establish a theoretical foundation for subsequent studies on flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Caohua Qiu
- Gerstel (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jianshe Zhu
- Gerstel (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Gerstel (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xichang Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Xueqian Guo
- School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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3
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Martins PHS, Barros MA, Silva CL, Ricci P, Castilho LMB, Santos ALR, Rodrigues HS, Assunção RMN, Faria AM. A cellulose monolithic stir bar for sorptive extraction of glycerol from biodiesel. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17380-17388. [PMID: 38813123 PMCID: PMC11134343 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02985b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
This work presents an eco-friendly approach for determining free glycerol in biodiesel samples, using a cellulose monolith stir bar in the sorptive extraction method with analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography and a refractive index detector. The cellulose monolith was produced from cellulose acetate by non-solvent-induced phase separation and subsequent alkaline deacetylation. The cellulose monolith presented a hierarchically porous structure, with 68% porosity and almost total deacetylation, with morphological and polarity characteristics that favor an efficient extraction of free glycerol from biodiesel. The sorptive extraction method using a cellulose monolith stir bar was optimized, obtaining a total extraction time of 30 min at 70 °C, using ultrapure water as the desorption solvent, and extraction of free glycerol of 93.6 ± 2.3%. The proposed method showed selectivity in free glycerol extraction, with limits of detection and quantification of 6.60 × 10-5% w/w and 2.18 × 10-4% w/w, respectively. Compared with the official reference method, the proposed one presented similar precision and accuracy, with few manipulations and any reagent/solvents. Furthermore, it is compatible with the principles of green chemistry and can be considered an eco-friendly method for determining free glycerol in biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo H S Martins
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Maria A Barros
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Caroline L Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Poliana Ricci
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Laís M B Castilho
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Allyson L R Santos
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Uberlândia MG Brazil
| | - Hugo S Rodrigues
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Ituiutaba MG Brazil
| | - Rosana M N Assunção
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Uberlândia MG Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Ituiutaba MG Brazil
| | - Anizio M Faria
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Uberlândia MG Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais do Pontal, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia 38304-402 Ituiutaba MG Brazil
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4
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He Z, Ma S, Huang P, Liang Q, Wang R. Covalent organic framework/layered double hydroxide composite-coated poly(ether ether ketone) jacket for stir bar sorptive extraction of Sudan dyes. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300865. [PMID: 38471971 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
A novel coating for stir bar sorptive extraction was developed by growing a covalent organic framework, TpPa-1 (derived from phenylenediamine and 1,3,5-trimethylphloroglucinol), onto the surface of Ni-Al layered double hydroxide. Using a poly(ether ether ketone) tube as the supporting substrate, a TpPa-1/layered double hydroxide-coated stir bar was fabricated and demonstrated excellent extraction performance for Sudan dyes. Notably, its extraction efficiency significantly exceeded that of stir bars modified with only TpPa-1 or Ni-Al layered double hydroxide. Based on this innovative coating, a stir bar sorptive extraction-high performance liquid chromatography method was established. This method exhibited low limits of detection (0.04-0.08 ng/mL) for the analysis of Sudan dyes. It also featured a wide linear range (0.25-100 or 200 ng/mL) and demonstrated good repeatability with relative standard deviations ≤6.22%. The recoveries obtained for spiked lake water and chili powder samples were 93.5%-105.2% and 87.8%-100.6%, respectively, demonstrating the practical potential of the developed method for detecting trace Sudan dyes in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Shumin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Peiqi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Qionghuan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P. R. China
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5
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Sánchez R, Sanahuja AB, Lauría LPM, Todolí JL, Jordá JMM. Evaluation of highly adsorptive Guefoams (multifunctional guest-containing foams) as a potential sorbent for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by means of thermal desorption. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:169. [PMID: 38421458 PMCID: PMC10904424 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The present work delves into the feasibility of employing a novel structured sorbent referred to as GFAD (Guefoam Adsorption Device) for the determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in liquid samples. The chosen method has been static headspace sorptive extraction-thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HSSE-TD-GC-MS). The GFAD comprises an aluminum cellular material with a distinct replication structure and a solid guest phase consisting of activated carbon particles dispersed within the cavities of the cellular aluminum. The extensive specific surface area, robustness, and exceptional thermal conductivity of this pioneering material offer distinct advantages over commercially available polydimethylsiloxane-based Twister® devices. Therefore, the trapping efficiency for volatile organic compounds is enhanced, and it is possible to perform the analysis of concentrated samples. According to computational simulations, it has been demonstrated that GFAD has a high heat conductivity. As a result, the desorption efficiency is improved, and minimal temperature gradients are generated throughout the GFAD during the heating process. Besides, the energy consumption is significantly lowered, thus aligning with environmentally conscientious and sustainable analytical practices.The experimental results give a proof of the suitability of the GFAD for determining gaseous compounds in liquid samples through HSSE-TD-GC-MS. For volatile species, the new material provides higher peak areas and lower limits of detection than a commercially available Twister® device. Furthermore, the GFAD is reusable, its adsorbing properties remaining unchanged during, at least, 100 consecutive analyses. In addition, unlike to the Twister®, no intense siloxane peaks are observed in the chromatograms obtained with the GFAD. The feasibility of qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis with the new accessory has been demonstrated with both standards and a cereal bioethanol real sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Sánchez
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana Beltrán Sanahuja
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - José Luis Todolí
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain.
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6
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Cavalera S, Anfossi L, Di Nardo F, Baggiani C. Mycotoxins-Imprinted Polymers: A State-of-the-Art Review. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:47. [PMID: 38251263 PMCID: PMC10818578 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites of molds which can contaminate food and beverages. Because of their acute and chronic toxicity, they can have harmful effects when ingested or inhaled, posing severe risks to human health. Contemporary analytical methods have the sensitivity required for contamination detection and quantification, but the direct application of these methods on real samples is not straightforward because of matrix complexity, and clean-up and preconcentration steps are needed, more and more requiring the application of highly selective solid-phase extraction materials. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are artificial receptors mimicking the natural antibodies that are increasingly being used as a solid phase in extraction methods where selectivity towards target analytes is mandatory. In this review, the state-of-the-art about molecularly imprinted polymers as solid-phase extraction materials in mycotoxin contamination analysis will be discussed, with particular attention paid to the use of mimic molecules in the synthesis of mycotoxin-imprinted materials, to the application of these materials to food real samples, and to the development of advanced extraction methods involving molecular imprinting technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claudio Baggiani
- Laboratory of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (L.A.); (F.D.N.)
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7
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Drabińska N, Marcinkowska MA, Wieczorek MN, Jeleń HH. Application of Sorbent-Based Extraction Techniques in Food Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:7985. [PMID: 38138475 PMCID: PMC10745519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28247985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents an outline of the application of the most popular sorbent-based methods in food analysis. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is discussed based on the analyses of lipids, mycotoxins, pesticide residues, processing contaminants and flavor compounds, whereas solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is discussed having volatile and flavor compounds but also processing contaminants in mind. Apart from these two most popular methods, other techniques, such as stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), high-capacity sorbent extraction (HCSE), and needle-trap devices (NTD), are outlined. Additionally, novel forms of sorbent-based extraction methods such as thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME) are presented. The utility and challenges related to these techniques are discussed in this review. Finally, the directions and need for future studies are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henryk H. Jeleń
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (N.D.); (M.A.M.); (M.N.W.)
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8
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Habib A, Landa EN, Holbrook KL, Walker WS, Lee WY. Rapid, efficient, and green analytical technique for determination of fluorotelomer alcohol in water by stir bar sorptive extraction. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139439. [PMID: 37429381 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) are one of the major classes of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Due to their potential toxicity, persistence, and ubiquitous presence in the environment, some common PFAS are voluntarily phased out; while FTOHs are used as alternatives to conventional PFAS. FTOHs are precursors of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and therefore they are commonly detected in water matrices, which eventually indicate PFAS contamination in drinking water supplies and thus a potential source of human exposure. Even though studies have been conducted nationwide to evaluate the degree of FTOHs in the water environment, robust monitoring is lacking because of the unavailability of simple and sustainable analytical extraction and detection methods. To fill the gap, we developed and validated a simple, rapid, minimal solvent use, no clean-up, and sensitive method for the determination of FTOHs in water by stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) coupled with thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). Three commonly detected FTOHs (6:2 FTOH, 8:2 FTOH, and 10:2 FTOH) were selected as the model compounds. Factors such as extraction time, stirring speed, solvent composition, salt addition, and pH were investigated to achieve optimal extraction efficiency. This "green chemistry" based extraction provided good sensitivity and precision with low method limits of detection ranging from 2.16 ng/L to 16.7 ng/L and with an extraction recovery ranging 55%-111%. The developed method were tested on tap water, brackish water, and wastewater influent and effluent. 6:2 FTOH and 8:2 FTOH were detected in two wastewater samples at 78.0 and 34.8 ng/L, respectively. This optimized SBSE-TD-GC-MS method will be a valuable alternative to investigate FTOHs in water matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Habib
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Noriega Landa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
| | - Kiana L Holbrook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
| | - W Shane Walker
- Civil Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
| | - Wen-Yee Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
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9
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Liang J, Stöppelmann F, Lu Z, Nedele AK, Zhang Y. Optimization of thermal desorption conditions of stir bar sorptive extraction facilitated by machine learning. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464244. [PMID: 37523905 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Stir bar sorptive extraction is an effective technique for trapping odorants, but there are limited studies on the effect of varying thermal desorption conditions on desorption efficiency of odorants. Therefore, we conducted this study to explore the relationship between desorption conditions and desorption efficiency for 18 odorants with diverse physicochemical properties using instrumental analysis and mathematical modeling. We trained four types of machine learning models using a dataset comprising 864 different combinations of four desorption conditions (each three levels) and physicochemical properties. The prediction value of the selected model was validated using a validation dataset of six new odorants. The Random Forest model had the highest performance (R = 0.910). The order of feature importance using this model was as follows: cryo-focusing temperature, molecular weight, log P, boiling point, desorption temperature, desorption time, and helium flow. For testing on new odorants, the correlations between predicted and experimental data for terpene (R = 0.99), alcohol (R = 0.98), ester (R = 0.92), sulfide (R = 0.89), phenol (R = 0.88), and aldehyde (R = 0.61) were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrase 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Felix Stöppelmann
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrase 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zhigang Lu
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrase 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Nedele
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrase 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrase 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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10
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Su K, Liew CSM, Huang Y, Goh RMV, Pua A, Sun J, Ee KH, Liu SQ, Lassabliere B, Jublot L, Yu B. A high-throughput analysis of volatile compounds with various polarities using headspace stir bar sorptive extraction. Talanta 2023; 257:124331. [PMID: 36801556 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Long sample extraction time is usually necessary in the analysis of volatile flavour compounds to achieve high extraction efficiency. However, the long extraction time reduces sample throughput, which results in waste of labour and energy. Therefore, in this study, an improved headspace-stir bar sorptive extraction was developed to extract volatile compounds with varying polarities in a short time. With the aim of achieving high throughput, extraction conditions were selected and optimised based on the combinations of different extraction temperatures (80-160 °C), extraction times (1-61 min), and sample volumes (50-850 μL) through the response surface methodology with Box-Behnken design. After obtaining the preliminary optimal conditions (160 °C, 25 min, and 850 μL), the effect of cold stir bars with shorter extraction time on the extraction efficiency was evaluated. The cold stir bar improved the overall extraction efficiency with better repeatability, and the extraction time was further shortened to 1 min. Then, the effects of different ethanol concentrations and salt additions (sodium chloride or sodium sulfate) were studied, and 10% ethanol concentration with no salt addition provided the highest extraction efficiency for most compounds. Finally, it was verified that the high-throughput extraction condition was feasible for the volatile compounds spiked in a honeybush infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keran Su
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, S14 Level 5, Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore
| | | | - Yunle Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, S14 Level 5, Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore; Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, 138623, Singapore
| | - Rui Min Vivian Goh
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, 138623, Singapore
| | - Aileen Pua
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, 138623, Singapore
| | - Jingcan Sun
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, 138623, Singapore
| | - Kim Huey Ee
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, 138623, Singapore
| | - Shao Quan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, S14 Level 5, Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore.
| | | | - Lionel Jublot
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, 138623, Singapore
| | - Bin Yu
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, 138623, Singapore.
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11
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Sasaki T, Ochiai N, Yamazaki Y, Sasamoto K. Solvent-assisted stir bar sorptive extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with simultaneous olfactometry for the characterization of aroma compounds in Japanese Yamahai-brewed sake. Food Chem 2023; 405:134640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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12
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Płotka-Wasylka J, Jatkowska N, Paszkiewicz M, Caban M, Fares MY, Dogan A, Garrigues S, Manousi N, Kalogiouri N, Nowak PM, Samanidou VF, de la Guardia M. Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction techniques for different kind of pollutants analysis: State of the art and future perspectives – PART 1. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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13
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Hao W, Cardin DB. Full Evaporative Vacuum Extraction─A Quantitative and Green Approach for Analysis of Semivolatile Organic Compounds in Drinking Water and Surface Water Using GC-MS. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3959-3967. [PMID: 36749651 PMCID: PMC9979150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Full evaporative vacuum extraction (FEVE) was developed in this work for analysis of a broad range of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in drinking water and surface water. Sorbent pens are used in a two-stage process that first evaporates the sample matrix through sorbent beds under vacuum to recover the lighter SVOCs, followed by the application of a higher temperature and stronger vacuum to the sample vial to recover the remaining heavier SVOCs once the matrix has evaporated. After extraction, the sorbent pens are desorbed into a GC-MS using a uniquely designed "splitless" delivery system to maximize sensitivity. Critical extraction and desorption parameters that affect the method performance were optimized. After FEVE, the sorbent pens can be stored for 7-10 days at room temperature while maintaining a less than 15% loss in analyte recovery. As a proof of concept, 10 drinking water and surface water samples were analyzed using this method. 69 analytes were detected in these water samples, with the highest concentration of 1986 ng/L for bromacil. Heptachlor epoxide, chlorpyrifos, metolachlor, butachlor, and 2,3',4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl were detected in four samples. None of the analytes were above the health and safety thresholds set by California Proposition 65.
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14
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de Paula Meirelles G, Fabris AL, Ferreira Dos Santos K, Costa JL, Yonamine M. Green Analytical Toxicology for the Determination of Cocaine Metabolites. J Anal Toxicol 2023; 46:965-978. [PMID: 35022727 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkac005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Brazil is the third largest contributor to Green Analytical Chemistry, and there is significant participation of toxicologists in the development and improvement of environmental techniques. Currently, toxicologists have their own strategies and guidelines to promote the reduction/replacement or elimination of solvents, reduce the impacts of derivatization and save time, among other objectives, due to the peculiarities of toxicological analysis. Thus, this review aims to propose the concept of Green Analytical Toxicology and conduct a discussion about its relevance and applications specifically in forensic toxicology, using the microextraction methods developed for the determination of cocaine and its metabolites as examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela de Paula Meirelles
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 13B, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - André Luis Fabris
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 13B, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Karina Ferreira Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 13B, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Costa
- Campinas Poison Control Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), R. Cândido Portinari, 200, Campinas, SP 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Yonamine
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 13B, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
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15
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Oliveira TC, Lanças FM. Determination of selected herbicides in sugarcane-derived foods by graphene-oxide based disposable pipette extraction followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1687:463690. [PMID: 36502646 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sugarcane is widely cultivated in Brazil. Although there are Maximum Residue Limits of pesticides determined for this plant, there is no legislation covering alimentary products from sugarcane. In this study, Disposable Pipette Tip Extraction (DPX) technique was evaluated as a sample preparation technique for simultaneous determination of eleven herbicides followed by LC-MS/MS analysis in three sugarcane-derived food matrices: juice, candy, and syrup. First, graphene oxide anchored to silica functionalized with octadecyl silane and endcapped was synthesized, which was evaluated as a sorbent in DPX. Then, after evaluating the parameters involved in DPX extraction, the method was validated following the ICH guide. As a result, the method showed acceptable linearity (r ≥ 0.99), limits of quantification (1.0 - 5.0 ng mL-1 for juice and 5.0 - 25.0 ng g - 1 for candy and syrup, varying according to the pesticide), precision, and accuracy within the limits of the literature, and recoveries ranging from 48 - 69% (juice), 34 - 89% (candy), and 28 - 76% (syrup). Finally, the developed method was successfully applied in actual samples of the three studied matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Mauro Lanças
- University of São Paulo, Institute of Chemistry at São Carlos, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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16
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Eggermont D, Spadafora ND, Aspromonte J, Purcaro G. Unraveling the impact of the capsule material on the aroma of brewed coffee by headspace analysis using a HiSorb probe followed by reverse fill/flush flow modulation GC×GC-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 415:2511-2521. [PMID: 36482082 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04457-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present paper discusses the use of a high-concentration-capacity tool, HiSorb, to investigate the impact of capsule material on the aroma profile of espresso-brewed coffee. The specific high-concentration-capacity probe used is characterized by a sorbent volume (63 μL) intermediate between the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber (0.6 μL) and the stir-bar sorptive extraction rod (126 μL). The extraction performance of the HiSorb was compared, in terms of both absolute signal and compound coverage, with both an equivalent sorbent (polydimethylsiloxane) and a divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane SPME fiber using both targeted and untargeted approaches. The HiSorb showed superior extraction compared with the SPME fibers. The HiSorb was then optimized in terms of extraction time and temperature and used to investigate the volatile profile of 23 espresso-brewed coffees prepared with capsules made of different materials-aluminum, compostable, and aluminum multilayer pack-prepared using a refillable capsule. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography equipped with a reverse fill/flush flow modulator and coupled to mass spectrometry was used to obtain a chromatographic fingerprint of the volatile profile of the brewed coffee. The data were aligned and compared using a tile-based approach, and the results were obtained by performing raw data mining within the same software platform. The data mining enabled the extraction of informative features responsible for the differentiation between the different capsule materials, showing a significant depletion in aroma intensity in the compostable capsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Eggermont
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Bât. G1 Chimie des agro-biosystèmes, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Natasha Damiana Spadafora
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Juan Aspromonte
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Métodos Analíticos, LIDMA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas (Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CIC-PBA, CONICET), 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Giorgia Purcaro
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Bât. G1 Chimie des agro-biosystèmes, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium.
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17
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Wang J, Feng J, Sun M, Lian Y, Wang M, Qiao L. Sulfonic acid-functionalized covalent organic frameworks as the coating for stir bar sorptive extraction of fluoroquinolones in milk samples. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 190:5. [PMID: 36469152 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05534-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonic acid-functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COF-SO3) as a coating of stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) for capturing three fluoroquinolones from milk have been developed. The COF-SO3 material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. Milk without any typical treatments like protein precipitation and defatting was only diluted five times with water for test. Combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a SBSE-HPLC method was established for detecting fluoroquinolones in milk samples. The corresponding wide linear ranges (4.00-500.0 µg L-1), low detection limits (1.20-2.62 µg L-1), good test repeatability (RSD < 5.2%), and acceptable enrichment factors (56.2-61.5) were implemented for three fluoroquinolones. The analytical method was applied to determine trace targets and provided satisfactory results. Furthermore, the research displayed satisfied reproducibility for bar-to-bar (RSD < 6.5%) and batch-to-batch (RSD < 8.6%) tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Sun
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yujing Lian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Minglin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Luqin Qiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Hasani F, Raoof JB, Ghani M, Ojani R. In situ electrodeposition of Cu-BDC metal–organic framework on pencil graphite substrate for solid-phase microextraction of some pesticides. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:432. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Solid-Phase Microextraction—Gas Chromatography Analytical Strategies for Pesticide Analysis. Methods Protoc 2022; 5:mps5050082. [PMID: 36287054 PMCID: PMC9609045 DOI: 10.3390/mps5050082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their extensive use and the globalized commerce of agricultural goods, pesticides have become a global concern. Despite the undoubtful advantages of their use in agricultural practices, their misuse is a threat to the environment and human health. Their analysis in environmental samples and in food products continues to gain interest in the analytical chemistry community as they are challenging matrices, and legal concentration limits are particularly low (in the order of ppb). In particular, the use of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has gained special attention in this field thanks to its potential to minimize the matrix effect, while enriching its concentration, allowing very low limits of detection, and without the need of a large amount of solvents or lengthy procedures. Moreover, its combination with gas chromatography (GC) can be easily automated, making it a very interesting approach for routine analysis. In this review, advances and analytical strategies for the use of SPME coupled with GC are discussed and compared for the analysis of pesticides in food and environmental samples, hopefully encouraging its further development and routine application in this field.
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20
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Zang L, Ren Y, He M, Chen B, Hu B. Fluorine-Functionalized Covalent-Organic-Framework-Coated Stir Bar for the Extraction of Benzoylurea Insecticides in Pear Juice and Beverage Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12689-12699. [PMID: 36149086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A fluorinated covalent organic framework (COF), named F-COF, was fabricated via simple room-temperature synthesis. With the characteristics of rich fluorine atoms, hydrophobicity, and large conjugated structure, F-COF was evaluated for the extraction of five benzoylurea insecticides (BUs) containing fluorine atoms, benzene ring, and urea bridge. Specifically, F-COF-coated stir bars were prepared by physical adhesion and exhibited higher extraction recovery (73-93 versus 40-85%) toward BUs than commercial stir bars in a shorter extraction time (50 min versus 24 h). The adsorption behavior of BUs on F-COF was explored, and it was assumed that the halogen bond (O-F), hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic interaction, and π-π stacking contributed to the adsorption. On the basis of it, a method combining stir bar sorptive extraction with liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector was developed for trace analysis of five BUs. Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection for BUs were found to be 0.301-0.672 μg/L, with the linear range of 1.0/2.0-500 μg/L and relative standard deviations of <8.0% (c = 5 μg/L and n = 7). The accuracy of the proposed method was validated by the recovery test, and the recoveries of target BUs in spiked pear juice and pear beverage were 82.0-113 and 84.0-112%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutao Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Man He
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China
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21
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Oliveira TC, Lanças FM. Determination of selected herbicides employed in sugarcane crops by disposable pipette tip (DPX) extraction followed by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2022.2110115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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22
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Vyviurska O, Thai HA, Garančovská D, Gomes AA, Špánik I. Enhanced multi-stir bar sorptive extraction for wine analysis: Alteration in headspace mode. Food Res Int 2022; 158:111510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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23
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Bagheri AR, Aramesh N, Liu Z, Chen C, Shen W, Tang S. Recent Advances in the Application of Covalent Organic Frameworks in Extraction: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 54:565-598. [PMID: 35757859 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2089838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of emerging materials that are synthesized based on the covalent bonds between different building blocks. COFs possess unique attributes in terms of high porosity, tunable structure, ordered channels, easy modification, large surface area, and great physical and chemical stability. Due to these features, COFs have been extensively applied as adsorbents in various extraction modes. Enhanced extraction performance could be reached with modified COFs, where COFs are presented as composites with other materials including nanomaterials, carbon and its derivatives, silica, metal-organic frameworks, molecularly imprinted polymers, etc. This review article describes the recent advances, developments, and applications of COF-based materials being utilized as adsorbents in the extraction methods. The COFs, their properties, their synthesis approaches as well as their composite structures are reviewed. Most importantly, suggested mechanisms for the extraction of analyte(s) by COF-based materials are also discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of COF-based materials in extraction methods are summarized and considered in order to provide more insights into this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nahal Aramesh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chengbo Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wei Shen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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24
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Development of sol-gel silica-based mixed-mode zwitterionic sorbents for determining drugs in environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463237. [PMID: 35752147 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Four novel mixed-mode zwitterionic silica-based functionalized with strong moieties sorbents were synthesized and evaluated through solid-phase extraction (SPE) to determine acidic and basic drugs in environmental water samples. All sorbents had the same functionalization: quaternary amine and sulfonic groups and C18 chains so that hydrophobic and strong cationic exchange (SCX) and strong anionic exchange (SAX) interactions could be exploited, in addition, two of them had carbon microparticles embedded. All sorbents retained both acidic and basic compounds in the preliminary assays but only the basic compounds were retained selectively through ionic exchange interactions when a clean-up step was introduced. The SPE method was therefore optimized to promote the selective retention of the basic compounds, initially with the two best-performing sorbents. After optimization of the SPE protocol, these sorbents were evaluated for the analysis of environmental water samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method with the best-performing sorbent was then validated with 100 mL of river samples and 50 mL of effluent wastewater samples in terms of apparent recoveries (%Rapp) spiking samples at 50 ng/L (river) and 200 ng/L (river and effluent), matrix effect, linear range, method quantification and detection limits, repeatability, and reproducibility. It should be highlighted that %Rapp ranged from 40 to 85% and matrix effects ranged from -17 to -4% for spiked river samples. When the method was applied to river and effluent wastewater samples, most compounds were found in the range from 24 to 1233 ng/L with detection limits from 1 to 5 ng/L.
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25
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Marsol-Vall A, Ainsa S, Lopez R, Ferreira V. Development and validation of a method for the analysis of halophenols and haloanisoles in cork bark macerates by stir bar sorptive extraction heart-cutting two-dimensional gas chromatography negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Shahhoseini F, Azizi A, S.Bottaro C. A critical evaluation of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) coatings in solid phase microextraction devices. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Characterization of the key aroma compounds in three world-famous black teas. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Liu Z, Yuan Z, Hu W, Chen Z. Electrochemically deposition of metal-organic framework onto carbon fibers for online in-tube solid-phase microextraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Wieczorek MN, Zhou W, Pawliszyn J. Sequential thin film-solid phase microextraction as a new strategy for addressing displacement and saturation effects in food analysis. Food Chem 2022; 389:133038. [PMID: 35483299 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is robust, selective, sensitive, and can be automated. However, low extraction phase to sample volume ratio sometimes results in saturation, competition, or swelling phenomena in complex samples. A sequential extraction method using two thin-film SPME (TF-SPME) devices with different selectivities was developed. The sequential application of the thin films provided higher extraction capacities, while avoiding swelling, saturation, and displacement effects, and enabled the quantitative determination of all compounds in the analyzed samples, independent of their polarity and affinity to extraction phases. In the first step, a TF-SPME device with a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) coating was used to deplete non-polar and other compounds present at high concentrations in the sample, which are typically associated with the undesirable phenomena. In the second step, a TF-SPME device coated with a combination of hydrophobic/lipophilic balanced (HLB) particles and PDMS (HLB/PDMS) was applied for the direct microextraction of the remaining compounds, including polar compounds left over after the first step. The proposed method resulted in decreased levels of interference and yielded encouraging analytical data for beer samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna N Wieczorek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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30
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Bošković N, Bílková Z, Šudoma M, Bielská L, Škulcová L, Ribitsch D, Soja G, Vrana B, Hofman J. Effects of biochar on the fate of conazole fungicides in soils and their bioavailability to earthworms and plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:23323-23337. [PMID: 34807391 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study showed novel findings about changes in the fate and bioavailability of conazole fungicides (CFs) after biochar (BC) addition to soil. Two contrasting soils (low- and high-sorbing of CF; L soils, H soils) were amended by three BCs (low-, moderate-, and high-sorbing of CF; L-BC, M-BC, H-BC) at 0.2% and 2% doses. Epoxiconazole (EPC) and tebuconazole (TBC) were then added to the soil-BC mixtures, and their degradation, bioaccumulation in earthworms (Eisenia andrei), and bioconcentration in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were studied for three months. Also, stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) was performed to determine CF (bio)accessibility. The EPC and TBC degradation in the soil-BC mixtures followed usually the first-order decay kinetics. The BC addition prevalently decreased the pesticides degradation in the L soil mixtures but often increased it in the H soil mixtures. In general, EPC degraded less than TBC. BC type and dose roles in the pesticides degradation were unclear. The BC addition significantly reduced pesticide uptake to the earthworms in the L soil mixtures (by 37-96%) and in the H soil mixtures (by 6-89%) with 2% BC. The BC addition reduced pesticide uptake to the lettuce roots and leaves significantly-up to two orders of magnitude, and this reduction was strong in H soil mixtures at 2% of BC. The BC addition reduced the CF (bio)accessibility measured by SBSE in all L soil mixtures and some H soil mixtures with 2% BC. Although not significant, it also seems that the pesticide bioaccumulation, bioconcentration, and (bio)accessibility were decreasing according to the BC type (L-BC > M-BC > H-BC). The pesticide concentrations in the earthworms and lettuce correlated significantly to the SBSE results, which indicates this technique as a possible predictor of biotic uptake. Our results showed that the interactions were hard to predict in the complex soil-BC-pesticide system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Bošković
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bílková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Šudoma
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bielská
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Škulcová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Doris Ribitsch
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Gerhard Soja
- Environmental Resources & Technologies, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Institute of Chemical and Energy Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 107, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Branislav Vrana
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hofman
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
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31
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López-Lorente ÁI, Pena-Pereira F, Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Zuin VG, Ozkan SA, Psillakis E. The Ten Principles of Green Sample Preparation. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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32
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Raccary B, Loubet P, Peres C, Sonnemann G. Evaluating the environmental impacts of analytical chemistry methods: from a critical review towards a proposal using a life cycle approach. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Wang L, Zou Y, Sun H, Jon CS, Nardiello D, Quinto M, Shang HB, Li D. Ex-situ and in-situ rapid and quantitative determination of benzene derivatives in seawater using nanoconfined liquid phase nanoextraction. Talanta 2021; 235:122781. [PMID: 34517639 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Benzene derivatives (BDs) constitute a class of environmental pollutants whose exposure poses a grave risk to human health. These compounds rapidly diffuse from the atmosphere to the marine ecosystem: for this reason, their monitoring in seawater is every day more compelling. In this work, nanoconfined liquid phase nanoextraction (NLPNE), a versatile extraction technique recently described, has been for the first time applied to the gas chromatographic mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of BDs in seawater. Ex-situ and in-situ NLPNE procedures have been developed and optimized in terms of extraction capabilities, analysis time, precision, and accuracy. Compared to the traditional extraction procedures, based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), the proposed NLPNE methods allowed a rapid on-site analysis of benzene compounds with low solvent consumption, higher enrichment factors, and improved automation grade. Determination coefficients ranging from 0.9929 to 0.9997 were obtained for all BDs in the range 0.10-500 ng mL-1 and 5.00-500 ng mL-1, for ex-situ and in-situ NLPNE, respectively. Ex-situ and in-situ limits of detection ranged from 0.2 to 7.6 ng mL-1 and 0.04-1.00 ng mL-1. Our results suggest that NLPNE coupled to GC-MS can be considered a powerful technique for high-throughput analyses of trace compounds in environmental, food and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Yilin Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Huaze Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Chol-San Jon
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Donatella Nardiello
- DAFNE - Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, I-71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Quinto
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China; DAFNE - Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, I-71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Hai-Bo Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China.
| | - Donghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China.
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Pua A, Huang Y, Goh RMV, Ee KH, Tan LP, Cornuz M, Liu SQ, Lassabliere B, Yu B. Combination of solid phase microextraction and low energy electron ionisation gas chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry to meet the challenges of flavour analysis. Talanta 2021; 235:122793. [PMID: 34517651 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The flavour analysis of volatile compounds remains challenging not only because of their diversity in properties and dynamic range, but also due to the high background noise from food matrix constituents. To improve sensitivity and specificity for a multiclass range of compounds, a combination of solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) devices and low energy electron ionisation (LE-EI) was proposed for the analysis of 36 volatile compounds, using coffee as a model matrix. From a pre-evaluation of devices and extraction modes, the combined use of direct immersion-stir bar sorptive extraction and headspace-thin-film SPME (SBSE-TFSPME) was selected to increase compound recovery, and further optimised for extraction temperature (88 °C) and time (110 min). Furthermore, to complement sample preparation by improving method specificity, a LE-EI technique was developed by evaluating the effect of ionisation energy, source temperature, and emission current on the formation of the diagnostic molecular ions and their preservation. This LE-EI method (15 eV, 150 °C, 0.3 μA) was validated with SBSE-TFSPME as a complete workflow in coffee matrices, and was found to possess good repeatability (intra-day RSD: 1.6-7.3 %), intermediate precision (inter-day RSD: 4.1-12.2 %), and linearity (R2 > 0.98). Even for complex coffee samples, the method detection limit reached the pg/mL range (e.g. 2,4,5-trimethylthiazole was detected at 15 pg/mL). In conclusion, this study provided insights on the potential of SPME and LE-EI to improve the sensitivity and specificity of analysis for a range of volatile compounds from food and other complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Pua
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, Singapore 138623; Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, S14 Level 5, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Yunle Huang
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, Singapore 138623; Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, S14 Level 5, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Rui Min Vivian Goh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, S14 Level 5, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542
| | - Kim-Huey Ee
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, Singapore 138623
| | - Lay Peng Tan
- Agilent Technologies Singapore (Sales) Pte Ltd, 1 Yishun Avenue 7, Singapore 768923
| | - Maurin Cornuz
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, Singapore 138623
| | - Shao Quan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, S14 Level 5, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542.
| | | | - Bin Yu
- Mane SEA Pte Ltd, 3 Biopolis Drive, #07-17/18/19 Synapse, Singapore 138623.
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Campanale C, Massarelli C, Losacco D, Bisaccia D, Triozzi M, Uricchio VF. The monitoring of pesticides in water matrices and the analytical criticalities: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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36
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Zang L, He M, Wu Z, Chen B, Hu B. Imine-linked covalent organic frameworks coated stir bar sorptive extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from environmental water followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1659:462647. [PMID: 34731758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, spherical imine-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were fabricated from 2,5-dimethoxybenzene-1,4-dialdehyde (DMTP) and 1,3,5-tris (4-aminophenyl) benzene (TAPB) and named as TAPB-DMTP-COFs. The resulting powders were coated onto bare glass bars via physical-adhesion to obtain TAPB-DMTP-COFs coated stir bars. The self-made stir bars exhibited higher extraction efficiency (74-85%) and faster dynamics (50 min) towards non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) over ethylene glycol-Silicone (42-68%, 180 min) and polydimethylsiloxane (3-61%, 180 min) coated stir bars. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), zeta potential and water contact angle were employed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the adsorption mechanism between the coating and analytes. The results displayed that methoxy group worked as an adsorption site helping the adsorption of interest NSAIDs onto the TAPB-DMTP-COFs coating and hydrogen bonds formed between the O atoms and the analytes. Additionally, the adsorption mechanisms possibly also involved π-π interaction and hydrophobic interaction. Moreover, TAPB-DMTP-COFs coated stir bars exhibited good stability and could be reused more than 60 times. Subsequently, a method by combining TAPB-DMTP-COFs coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) with liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ultraviolet detector (UV) was established for the determination of four NSAIDs in environmental waters. Under the optimized conditions, the established method showed a wide linear range of 0.2/1-500 μg/L for interest NSAIDs, the limits of detection varied from 0.039 to 0.312 μg/L. Yangtze River water, East Lake water and Spring water were subjected to the proposed method, the recoveries in spiked samples were 84.7-104%, 81.2-101% and 82.6-97.6%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Man He
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhekuan Wu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430040, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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37
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Han JH, Cui YY, Yang CX. Tailored amino/hydroxyl bifunctional microporous organic network for efficient stir bar sorptive extraction of parabens and flavors from cosmetic and food samples. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1655:462521. [PMID: 34509692 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
As an effective sample pretreatment approach, stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) has shown great prospects in static microextraction and selective enrichment. In this work, bifunctional microporous organic network (B-MON) with the coexistence of amino and hydroxyl groups was firstly designed and synthesized as a novel coating for efficient SBSE of parabens and flavors in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA). Linked by covalent bonds to form an extension of the aromatic ring skeleton, B-MON was a tailored adsorbent featured by porous structure and abundant hydrogen bonding sites for analytes with benzene/naphthalene rings and OH/COOH groups. The extraction and desorption parameters were evaluated in detail. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed B-MON-SBSE-HPLC-PDA method offered good linearity (0.10-100 μg L-1) with correlation coefficients R2 ≥ 0.995, low limits of detection (0.010-0.035 μg L-1) and limits of quantification (0.035-0.115 μg L-1), and favorable enrichment factors (40-49). Furthermore, the developed method has been applied to the analysis of parabens and flavors in cosmetic and food samples with recoveries ranging from 80.4 to 109.6%. This method was also feasible to extract the analytes with benzene/naphthalene rings and OH/COOH groups, such as the plant growth regulators and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The present study provided a new way to synthesize bifunctional MONs for SBSE of trace analytes in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hua Han
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, China
| | - Cheng-Xiong Yang
- College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, China.
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38
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Turoňová D, Kujovská Krčmová L, Švec F. Application of microextraction in pipette tips in clinical and forensic toxicology. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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39
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Qin P, Han L, Zhang X, Li M, Li D, Lu M, Cai Z. MIL-101(Fe)-derived magnetic porous carbon as sorbent for stir bar sorptive-dispersive microextraction of sulfonamides. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:340. [PMID: 34523015 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04993-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Using MIL-101(Fe) as the source of carbon and Fe, a magnetic porous carbon (MPC) material with Fe3C nanoparticles encapsulated in porous carbon was prepared through one-pot pyrolysis under N2 atmosphere. With MPC as adsorption material, a stir bar sorptive-dispersive microextraction (SBSDME) method was proposed to extract and preconcentrate sulfonamides (SAs) prior to HPLC-DAD determination. To investigate their extraction ability, different MPC materials were prepared under different carbonization temperatures (600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 °C). The material prepared under 900 °C (MPC-900) exhibited the highest extraction ability for SAs. The as-prepared MPC materials were also characterized by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, zeta potential, and other techniques. The main parameters that affect extraction were systematically studied. Under optimal conditions, favorable linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9938) and detection limits (0.02-0.04 ng mL-1) of sulfonamides were obtained. The average recoveries for spiked milk and lake water samples ranged from 76.9 to 109% and from 75.4 to 118% with RSDs of 3.10-9.63% and 1.71-11.3%, respectively. Sulfameter and sulfisoxazole were detected in milk sample. Sulfisoxazole was detected in the lake water sample. The MPC-900 material demonstrated excellent reusability. It can be reused 24 times with peak areas having no obvious decline. The method can be applied to extract ultra-trace compounds in complex sample matrices. Schematic presentation of a stir bar sorptive-dispersive microextraction (SBSDME) by using magnetic porous carbon (MPC) composites as sorbent combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for sensitive analysis of sulfonamides in milk and lake water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peige Qin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Lizhen Han
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Xiaowan Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Dan Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Minghua Lu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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40
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Redefining dilute and shoot: The evolution of the technique and its application in the analysis of foods and biological matrices by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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41
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Sasaki T, Ryuzaki H, Matsuura Y, Maeda K, Iwakiri T, Yamazaki Y, Michihata T, Enomoto T. Changes in the Flavor Compounds in Soy Sauce Stored in Antioxidation Containers. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.68.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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42
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Li Y, Li Q, Zhang B, Shen C, Xu Y, Tang K. Identification, quantitation and sensorial contribution of lactones in brandies between China and France. Food Chem 2021; 357:129761. [PMID: 33878580 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Lactones are important flavor compounds in lots of foodstuffs. They also play an important role in brandy, but have not been studied at large. In this study, solid-phase extraction (SPE) and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS) were applied to identify and quantify lactones in brandies between China and France. Totally 17 lactones were identified, four of which were detected only in SBSE. Among them, γ-valerolactone, γ-heptalactone, δ-octalactone, γ-undecanolactone and δ-dodecalactone were detected in brandy for the first time. The results of partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed that lactones distinguished regional characteristics among different brandies. The omission test showed that four lactones (OAV > 1) had direct impact on the aroma of brandy, and other seven lactones at sub-threshold (0.1 < OAV < 1) provided peach and apricot aroma characteristics through synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Baochun Zhang
- ChangYu Group Company Ltd., Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China
| | - Chunhua Shen
- ChangYu Group Company Ltd., Yantai, Shandong 264000, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
| | - Ke Tang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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44
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Fundamentals and applications of stir bar sorptive dispersive microextraction: A tutorial review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1153:338271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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45
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Diez-Simon C, Eichelsheim C, Jacobs DM, Mumm R, Hall RD. Stir bar sorptive extraction of aroma compounds in soy sauce: Revealing the chemical diversity. Food Res Int 2021; 144:110348. [PMID: 34053541 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fermented soy sauce is used worldwide to enhance the flavour of many dishes. Many types of soy sauce are on the market, and their differences are mostly related to the country of origin, the production process applied and the ratio of ingredients used. Consequently, several aromas, tastes, colours, and textures are obtained. Nowadays, soy sauce can also be produced without microorganisms making the process shorter and cheaper. However, flavour may be lost. We have carried out a comprehensive metabolomics analysis of volatile compounds using stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE)-GC-MS to relate differences in volatile content to production history and origin. The results revealed major differences between fermented and non-fermented soy sauces, and a list of volatile compounds is reported as being characteristic of each type. This study was able to relate volatiles to the production process using SBSE-GC-MS and to aroma characteristics using GC-O-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Diez-Simon
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6708 PB, the Netherlands; Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, the Netherlands.
| | - Charlotte Eichelsheim
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6708 PB, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen 6708 WG, the Netherlands
| | - Doris M Jacobs
- Unilever Foods Innovation Centre, Bronland 14, Wageningen 6708 WH, the Netherlands
| | - Roland Mumm
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, the Netherlands; Wageningen Plant Research (Bioscience), Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6708 PB, the Netherlands
| | - Robert D Hall
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6708 PB, the Netherlands; Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, the Netherlands; Wageningen Plant Research (Bioscience), Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen 6708 PB, the Netherlands
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Zhang N, Gao Y, Xu X, Bao T, Wang S. Hydrophilic carboxyl supported immobilization of UiO-66 for novel bar sorptive extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in food samples. Food Chem 2021; 355:129623. [PMID: 33799239 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the preparation of UiO-66 on frosted glass rod (FGR) was proposed through the coordination interaction of Zr-OH groups and carboxyl sites on FGR. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intra-batch and inter-batch were below 8.0% (n = 7). UiO-66-modified FGR (UiO-66@FGR) was applied to the extraction and monitoring of five non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by coupling to novel bar sorptive extraction (BSE) with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Sample volume, stirring rate, extraction time, sample pH value, desorption solvent, and desorption time were investigated. NSAIDs (ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac sodium) were determined at a low limit of detection (0.92 ng/mL) over a wide linear range (10-1500 ng/mL). The developed method was used to analyze NSAIDs in sheep muscle, chicken wing, and milk with recoveries of 80.8%-117.2%, RSDs < 6.5%. Fabricated UiO-66@FGR exhibited excellent reproducibility, stability, and good adsorption property towards NSAIDs in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xianliang Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tao Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Sicen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Daryanavard SM, Zolfaghari H, Abdel-Rehim A, Abdel-Rehim M. Recent applications of microextraction sample preparation techniques in biological samples analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5105. [PMID: 33660303 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of biological samples is affected by interfering substances with chemical properties similar to those of the target analytes, such as drugs. Biological samples such as whole blood, plasma, serum, urine and saliva must be properly processed for separation, purification, enrichment and chemical modification to meet the requirements of the analytical instruments. This causes the sample preparation stage to be of undeniable importance in the analysis of such samples through methods such as microextraction techniques. The scope of this review will cover a comprehensive summary of available literature data on microextraction techniques playing a key role for analytical purposes, methods of their implementation in common biological samples, and finally, the most recent examples of application of microextraction techniques in preconcentration of analytes from urine, blood and saliva samples. The objectives and merits of each microextration technique are carefully described in detail with respect to the nature of the biological samples. This review presents the most recent and innovative work published on microextraction application in common biological samples, mostly focused on original studies reported from 2017 to date. The main sections of this review comprise an introduction to the microextraction techniques supported by recent application studies involving quantitative and qualitative results and summaries of the most significant, recently published applications of microextracion methods in biological samples. This article considers recent applications of several microextraction techniques in the field of sample preparation for biological samples including urine, blood and saliva, with consideration for extraction techniques, sample preparation and instrumental detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hesane Zolfaghari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hormozgan, Bandar-Abbas, Iran
| | - Abbi Abdel-Rehim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Rehim
- Functional Materials Division, Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering Sciences, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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LI Z, LI N, ZHAO T, ZHANG Z, WANG M. [Fabrication of nanomaterials incorporated polymeric monoliths and application in sample pretreatment]. Se Pu 2021; 39:229-240. [PMID: 34227305 PMCID: PMC9403804 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2020.05030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric monolithic columns are fabricated by in situ polymerization of the corresponding monomer, crosslinkers, porogenic solvents and radical initiators within a mold. Compared with the conventional packed solid phase extraction adsorbents, polymeric monolithic columns with a continuous porous structure process distinctive advantages of rapid mass transfer and excellent permeability, which facilitates the extraction of trace amounts of the target from the matrix even at high flow velocities. Besides, these materials can be easily fabricated in situ within various cartridges, avoiding a further packing step associated with packed particulate adsorbents. Additionally, the abundant monomer availability, flexible porous structure, and wide applicable pH range make monoliths versatile for use in separation science. Thus, polymeric monolithic columns have been increasingly applied as efficient and promising extraction media for sample pretreatment food, pharmaceutical, biological and environmental analyses. However, these materials usually have the difficulty in morphology control and their interconnected porous micro-globular structure, which may result in low porosity, limited specific surface area and poor efficiency. In addition, polymeric monoliths suffer from the swelling in organic solvents, thus decreasing the service life and precision while increasing the cost consumption. Recently, the development of nanomaterial-incorporated polymeric monoliths with an improved ordered structure, enhanced adsorption efficiency and outstanding selectivity has attracted considerable attention. Nanoparticles are considered as particulates within the size range of 1-100 nm in at least one dimension, which endows them with unique optical, electrical and magnetic properties. These materials have a large surface area, excellent thermal and chemical stabilities, remarkable versatility, as well as a wide variety of active functional groups on their surface. With the aim of exploiting these advantages, researchers have shown great interest in applying nanomaterial-incorporated polymeric monoliths to separation science. Accordingly, significant progress has been achieved in this field. Nanomaterials can be entrapped via the direct synthesis of a polymerization solution that contains well dispersed nanomaterials in porogens. In addition, nanoparticles can be incorporated into the monolithic matrix by copolymerization and post-polymerization modification via specific interactions. Therefore, nanomaterial-incorporated polymeric monoliths combined the different shapes, chemical properties, and physical properties of the polymers with those of the nanoparticles. The presence of nanoparticles can improve the structural rigidity as well as the thermal and chemical stabilities of monolithic adsorbents. Besides, nanoparticles are capable of increasing the specific surface area and providing multiple active sites, which leads to enhanced extraction performance and selectivity of polymeric monolithic materials. In recent years, diverse types of nanomaterials, such as carbonaceous nanoparticles, metallic materials and metal oxides, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks and inorganic nanoparticles have been extensively explored as hybrid adsorbents in the modes of solid phase extraction, solid phase microextraction, stir bar sorption extraction and on-line solid phase extraction. This review specifically summarizes the fabrication methods for nanomaterial incorporated polymeric monoliths and their application to the field of sample pretreatment. The existing challenges and future possible perspectives in the field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling LI
- 华北理工大学公共卫生学院, 河北 唐山 063210
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Na LI
- 华北理工大学公共卫生学院, 河北 唐山 063210
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Tengwen ZHAO
- 华北理工大学公共卫生学院, 河北 唐山 063210
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Ziyang ZHANG
- 华北理工大学公共卫生学院, 河北 唐山 063210
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Manman WANG
- 华北理工大学公共卫生学院, 河北 唐山 063210
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
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Martins RO, de Araújo GL, de Freitas CS, Silva AR, Simas RC, Vaz BG, Chaves AR. Miniaturized sample preparation techniques and ambient mass spectrometry as approaches for food residue analysis. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1640:461949. [PMID: 33556677 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Analytical methods such as liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) are widely used techniques for the analyses of different classes of compounds. This is due to their highlighted capacity for separating and identifying components in complex matrices such food samples. However, in most cases, effective analysis of the target analyte becomes challenging due to the complexity of the sample, especially for quantification of trace concentrations. In this case, miniaturized sample preparation methods have been used as a strategy for analysis of complex matrices. This involves removing the interferents and concentrating the analytes in a sample. These methods combine simplicity and effectiveness and given their miniaturized scale, they are in accordance with green chemistry precepts. Besides, ambient mass spectrometry represents a new trend in fast and rapid analyses, especially for qualitative and screening analysis. However, for complex matrix analyses, sample preparation is still a difficult step and the miniaturized sample preparation techniques show great potential for an improved and widespread use of ambient mass spectrometry techniques. . This review aims to contribute as an overview of current miniaturized sample preparation techniques and ambient mass spectrometry methods as different approaches for selective and sensitive analysis of residues in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Boniek Gontijo Vaz
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Sheikh M, Hadjmohammadi MR, Fatemi MH. Simultaneous extraction and analysis of clozapine and lorazepam from human plasma using dual solvent-stir bar microextraction with different acceptor phases followed by high-performance liquid chromatography ultra-violet detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:110-116. [PMID: 33315030 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01431a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new design of dual solvent stir bar microextraction (DSSBME) was developed and combined with HPLC-UV for the simultaneous extraction of clozapine (CLZ) and lorazepam (LRP) from human plasma with different acceptor phases. Two short hollow fibers immobilized with an organic extraction solvent were used as the solvent bars for microextraction of CLZ and LRP from the sample solution. The solvent bars were fixed with a staple pin which served as the stirrer. The target analytes were simultaneously and selectively extracted from the sample solution into their corresponding solvent bar. Extraction parameters such as organic solvent type, pH of the sample solution, the acceptor phase concentration, salt incorporation into the solution, stirring rate, and extraction time were optimized to achieve the best extraction results. Under the optimum conditions (1-undecanol as extraction solvent, pH of sample solution = 9.0, 10% w/v NaCl, concentration of HCl = 10 mM, concentration of NaOH = 100 mM, stirring rate of 1400 rpm and extraction time of 30 min at ambient temperature) the limit of detection for CLZ was 0.4 ng mL-1 and for LRP it was 1.1 ng mL-1. The linear range for CLZ was 1.3-1000.0 ng mL-1 (R2 = 0.9991) and for LRP it was 3.6-800.0 ng mL-1 (R2 = 0.9993). Extraction recovery and the enrichment factor for CLZ were 95.4% and 343 and for LRP they were 74.3% and 263, respectively. Finally, the method developed was successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of CLZ and LRP in human plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sheikh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, NirooHavayii Boulevard, 47416-95447 Babolsar, Iran.
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