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Vidnes TK, Wahl AK, Larsen MH, Meyer KB, Engebretsen E, Hermansen Å, Urstad KH, Dahl KG, Borge CR, Andersen MH. Effectiveness of a health communication intervention on health literacy in the first year following kidney transplantation - A randomized controlled study. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2024; 123:108207. [PMID: 38447477 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a new health communication intervention focusing on knowledge management skills on health literacy and medication adherence during the first year following kidney transplantation. METHODS We randomized 195 patients during 2020-2021, to either intervention- or control group. Questionnaires were completed at baseline and at 12 months post-transplantation with a 12-month response rate of 84%. Health literacy was measured by the multidimensional Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) instrument. Medication adherence was measured by the self-reported questionnaire (BAASIS©). RESULTS Results showed that the intervention group had a significant increase in 2 HLQ domains compared to the control group capturing the "ability to appraise health information" Domain 5, (p-value = 0.002) and the "ability to navigate the healthcare system" Domain 7, (p-value <0.04). The effect sizes of SRM were 0.49 (Domain 5) and 0.33 (Domain 7). Medication adherence was comparable in the groups at any measure points. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to important knowledge about how a health communication intervention focusing on knowledge translation using motivational interviewing techniques positively strengthens health literacy in kidney transplant recipients. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Current patient education practice may benefit from focusing on knowledge translation in combination with motivational interview technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tone Karine Vidnes
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Astrid K Wahl
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Eivind Engebretsen
- Sustainable Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Åsmund Hermansen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work, Child Welfare and Social Policy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin H Urstad
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; Faculty of Health Sciences. VID Specialized University. Oslo, Norway
| | - Kari G Dahl
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine R Borge
- Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Patient Safety and Research, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Helen Andersen
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Tesfaye W, Parrish N, Sud K, Grandinetti A, Castelino R. Medication Adherence Among Patients With Kidney Disease: An Umbrella Review. ADVANCES IN KIDNEY DISEASE AND HEALTH 2024; 31:68-83. [PMID: 38403396 DOI: 10.1053/j.akdh.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) imposes a significant medication burden on patients due to the necessity of multiple treatments to slow disease progression, manage coexisting conditions, and address complications. The complex medication regimen, in turn, has implications for clinical and patient-centered outcomes. This umbrella review provides comprehensive evidence on extent of medication nonadherence among adults with CKD, as well as associated risk factors, outcomes, and the effectiveness of interventions by synthesizing evidence from published systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses. We identified 37 works that met our inclusion criteria. These reviews covered various aspects of treatment adherence in people with CKD, which can be categorized into four main themes: (i) prevalence of treatment nonadherence; (ii) factors associated with (non)adherent behaviors; (iii) outcomes associated with treatment (non)adherence; and (iv) interventions to improve treatment adherence or overall self-management practices. Approximately half of the included studies (15/34) focused on interventions aimed at improving medication adherence or overall CKD management, while outcomes associated with medication (non)adherence were relatively underexplored in the literature. The reported prevalence rates of medication nonadherence varied widely among reviews and stages of CKD. The determinants of adherence identified included socioeconomic variables, disease or clinical conditions, and psychosocial factors. Common interventions to improve adherence included nurse-led interventions, pharmaceutical services, and eHealth technologies, which had varying effects on medication adherence or dialysis sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wubshet Tesfaye
- The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | | | - Kamal Sud
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Nepean Kidney Research Centre, Department of Renal Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda Grandinetti
- Population Health Partnership, National Kidney Foundation of Illinois, IL
| | - Ronald Castelino
- The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Pharmacy Department, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Mengrelis K, Muckenhuber M, Wekerle T. Chimerism-based Tolerance Induction in Clinical Transplantation: Its Foundations and Mechanisms. Transplantation 2023; 107:2473-2485. [PMID: 37046378 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic chimerism remains the most promising strategy to bring transplantation tolerance into clinical routine. The concept of chimerism-based tolerance aims to extend the recipient's mechanisms of self-tolerance (ie, clonal deletion, anergy, and regulation) to include the tolerization of donor antigens that are introduced through the cotransplantation of donor hematopoietic cells. For this to be successful, donor hematopoietic cells need to engraft in the recipient at least temporarily. Three pioneering clinical trials inducing chimerism-based tolerance in kidney transplantation have been published to date. Within this review, we discuss the mechanisms of tolerance that are associated with the specific therapeutic protocols of each trial. Recent data highlight the importance of regulation as a mechanism that maintains tolerance. Insufficient regulatory mechanisms are also a likely explanation for situations of tolerance failure despite persisting donor chimerism. After decades of preclinical development of chimerism protocols, mechanistic data from clinical trials have recently become increasingly important. Better understanding of the required mechanisms for tolerance to be induced in humans will be a key to design more reliable and less invasive chimerism protocols in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Mengrelis
- Division of Transplantation, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Torres-Gutiérrez M, Lozano-Suárez N, Burgos-Camacho VA, Caamaño-Jaraba J, Gómez-Montero JA, García-López A, Girón-Luque F. Is Non-Adherence Associated with Adverse Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients? The Role of Non-Adherence as a Risk and Predictor Factor for Graft Loss and Death. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:2915-2925. [PMID: 38027086 PMCID: PMC10648956 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s436833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-adherence in kidney transplants is diversely defined. Immunosuppression non-adherence (INA) is the most used definition and has been associated with graft loss and acute rejection. But INA assesses only one fraction of adherence. Therefore, we analyzed the association of a holistic non-adherence definition with transplant outcomes and compared its prediction performance with other definitions. Methods We retrospectively included 739 kidney recipients between 2019 and 2021. We evaluated holistic non-adherence (HNA), suboptimal-immunosuppressor levels (SIL), appointment non-adherence (ANA), procedure non-adherence (PNA) and INA. The main outcomes were graft loss, graft rejection, and mortality. A backward logistic regression was performed estimating adjusted and un-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for each outcome. Finally, we compared the non-adherence definitions' prediction for the main outcomes using the area under the curve. Results HNA was present in 28.7% of patients. Non-adherent patients had an adjusted OR of 2.66 (1.37-5.15) for mortality, 6.44 for graft loss (2.71-16.6), and 2.28 (1.15-4.47) for graft rejection. INA and PNA presented a moderate discrimination for graft loss and HNA and ANA mild-to-moderate discrimination for graft loss and death. Conclusion Holistic non-adherence was associated with worst outcomes in kidney recipients and had a significant prediction performance for graft loss and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrea García-López
- Department of Transplant Research, Colombiana de Trasplantes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fernando Girón-Luque
- Department of Transplant Research, Colombiana de Trasplantes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Colombiana de Trasplantes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Nasic S, Peters B, Stegmayr B, Kenne Sarenmalm E, Afghahi H, Eriksson M. Sex-specific time trends of long-term graft survival after kidney transplantation - a registry-based study. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2270078. [PMID: 37882045 PMCID: PMC11001319 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2270078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-specific trends over time with respect to kidney graft survival have scarcely been described in earlier studies. The present study aimed to examine whether kidney graft survival differs between women and men over time. METHODS This study was based on prospectively collected data extracted from a quality registry including all kidney transplant patients between January 1965 and September 2017 at the transplantation center of a university hospital in Sweden. The transplantation center serves a population of approximately 3.5 million inhabitants. Only the first graft for each patient was included in the study resulting in 4698 transplantations from unique patients (37% women, 63% men). Patients were followed-up until graft failure, death, or the end of the study. Death-censored graft survival analysis after kidney transplantation (KT) was performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test, and analysis adjusted for confounders was performed using multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Median age at transplantation was 48 years (quartiles 36-57 years) and was similar for women and men. Graft survival was analyzed separately in four transplantation periods that represented various immunosuppressive regimes (1965-1985, 1986-1995, 1996-2005, and 2006-2017). Sex differences in graft survival varied over time (sex-by-period interaction, p = 0.026). During the three first periods, there were no significant sex differences in graft survival. However, during the last period, women had shorter graft survival (p = 0.022, hazard ratio (HR) 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.7, adjusted for covariates). Biopsy-proven rejections were more common in women. CONCLUSIONS In this registry-based study, women had shorter graft survival than men during the last observation period (years 2006-2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Salmir Nasic
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Research, Education, Development and Innovation Department, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Björn Peters
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Nephrology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Bernd Stegmayr
- Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Kenne Sarenmalm
- Research, Education, Development and Innovation Department, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henri Afghahi
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Nephrology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Marie Eriksson
- Department of Statistics, Umeå School of Business, Economics and Statistics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Shemesh E, Duncan-Park S, Mazariegos G, Annunziato R, Anand R, Reyes-Mugica M, Mitchell J, Shneider BL. The improving Medication Adherence in Adolescents and young adults following Liver Transplantation (iMALT) multisite trial: Design and trial implementation considerations. Clin Trials 2023; 20:528-535. [PMID: 37269062 PMCID: PMC10524899 DOI: 10.1177/17407745231176834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Medication non-adherence is a leading cause of transplant rejection, organ loss, and death; yet no rigorous controlled study to date has shown compelling clinical benefits from an adherence-improving intervention. Non-adherent patients are less likely to participate in trials, and therefore, most studies enroll a majority of adherent patients who do not stand to benefit from the intervention, as they do not have the condition (non-adherence) under investigation. The improving Medication Adherence in adolescent Liver Transplant recipients trial specifically targets non-adherent patients to investigate whether a remote intervention to improve adherence results in reduced incidence of biopsy-confirmed rejection. METHODS Improving Medication Adherence in adolescent Liver Transplant is a randomized single-blind controlled multisite, multinational National Institutes of Health-funded trial involving 13 pediatric transplant centers in the United States and Canada. An innovative, objective adherence biomarker-the Medication Level Variability Index, which is the standard deviation of a series of medication blood levels for each patient, is used to identify non-adherent patients at risk for rejection. The index is computed using electronic health record information for all potentially eligible patients based on repeated reviews of the entire clinic's roster. Identified patients, after consent, are randomized to intervention versus control (treatment as usual) arms. The remote intervention is delivered for 2 years by trained interventionists who reside in various locations in the United States. The primary outcome is the incidence of biopsy-confirmed acute cellular rejection, as confirmed by a majority vote of three pathologists who are masked to the study allocation and clinical information. DISCUSSION Improving Medication Adherence in adolescent Liver Transplant includes several innovative design elements. The use of a validated, objective adherence index to survey a large cohort of transplant recipients allows the teams to avoid bias inherent in both convenience sampling and referral-based recruitment and enroll only patients whose computed index indicates substantially increased risk of rejection. The remote intervention paradigm helps to engage patients who are by definition hard to engage. The use of an objective, masked medical (rather than behavioral) outcome measure reduces the likelihood of biases related to clinical information and ensures broad acceptance by the field. Finally, monitoring for potential adverse events related to increased medication exposure due to the adherence intervention acknowledges that a successful intervention (increasing adherence) could have detrimental side effects via increased exposure to and potential toxicity of the medication. Such monitoring is almost never attempted in clinical trials evaluating adherence interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Shemesh
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Rachel Annunziato
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA
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Dong L, Zhu X, Zhao H, Zhao Q, Liu S, Liu J, Gong L. Development and validation of a LASSO-based prediction model for immunosuppressive medication nonadherence in kidney transplant recipients. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2238832. [PMID: 38532721 PMCID: PMC10512851 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2238832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To establish a prediction model to predict immunosuppressive medication (IM) nonadherence in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) based on a combined theory framework. METHODS This polycentric, cross-sectional study included 1191 KTRs from October 2020 to February 2021 in China, with 1011 KTRs enrolled in the derivation set and 180 in the external validation set. Variables selected based on the combined theory of planned behavior (TPB)/health belief model (HBM) theory were analyzed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Internal 10 cross-validation was conducted to determine the optimal lambda value. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, specificity, and sensitivity were used to evaluate the prediction model, and further assessment was run by external validation. RESULTS IM nonadherence rate was 38.48% in the derivation set and 37.22% in the validation set. The LASSO model was developed with eight predictors for IM nonadherence: age, preoperative drinking history, education, marital status, perceived barriers, social support, perceived behavioral control, and perceived susceptibility. The model demonstrated acceptable discrimination with the area under the ROC curve of 0.797 (95% CI: 0.745-0.850) in the internal validation set and 0.757 (95% CI: 0.684-0.829) in the external validation set. The specificity and sensitivity in the internal validation and external validation set were 0.741, 0.748, 0.673, and 0.716, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The LASSO model was developed to guide identifying high-risk nonadherent patients and timely and effective interventions to improve their prognosis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Chinese Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Liu
- College of Nursing and Public Health, Adelphi University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Chinese Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Gong
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Marston MT, Berben L, Dobbels F, Russell CL, de Geest S. Prevalence and Patient-Level Correlates of Intentional Non-Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medication After Heart-Transplantation-Findings From the International BRIGHT Study. Transpl Int 2023; 36:11308. [PMID: 37492859 PMCID: PMC10363605 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2023.11308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
After heart transplantation (HTx), non-adherence to immunosuppressants (IS) is associated with poor outcomes; however, intentional non-adherence (INA) is poorly understood regarding its international variability in prevalence, contributing factors and impact on outcomes. We investigated (1) the prevalence and international variability of INA, (2) patient-level correlates of INA, and (3) relation of INA with clinical outcomes. Secondary analysis of data from the BRIGHT study-an international multi-center, cross-sectional survey examining multi-level factors of adherence in 1,397 adult HTx recipients. INA during the implementation phase, i.e., drug holiday and dose alteration, was measured using the Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale© (BAASIS©). Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed with data retrieved through patient interview, patient self-report and in clinical records. INA prevalence was 3.3% (n = 46/1,397)-drug holidays: 1.7% (n = 24); dose alteration: 1.4% (n = 20); both: 0.1% (n = 2). University-level education (OR = 2.46, CI = 1.04-5.83), insurance not covering IS costs (OR = 2.21, CI = 1.01-4.87) and barriers (OR = 4.90, CI = 2.73-8.80) were significantly associated with INA; however, clinical outcomes were not. Compared to other single-center studies, this sample's INA prevalence was low. More than accessibility or financial concerns, our analyses identified patient-level barriers as INA drivers. Addressing patients' IS-related barriers, should decrease INA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T. Marston
- Nursing Science, Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lut Berben
- Nursing Science, Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Dobbels
- Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cynthia L. Russell
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Sabina de Geest
- Nursing Science, Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Ng JH, Halinski C, Nair D, Diefenbach MA. Impact of COVID-19 on Disease Self-management Among Patients With Advanced CKD: A Qualitative Study. Kidney Med 2023; 5:100689. [PMID: 37360218 PMCID: PMC10268812 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2023.100689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale & Objective Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their care partners experienced decreased access to care, and worse physical and emotional health during the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Few studies have explored how COVID-19-related challenges affected disease self-management among those with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their care partners. Leventhal's self-regulation model offers a comprehensive framework for understanding disease self-management through the interplay of cognitive beliefs, emotional reactions and social influences. The study aims to examine the impact of COVID-19 on self-management activities among patients with CKD and care partners. Study Design Qualitative study. Setting & Participants Adults with advanced CKD, including dialysis and transplant recipients, and their carepartners. Analytical Approach Thematic Analysis. Results Among 42 participants, 12 had stage 4 CKD, 5 had stage 5 CKD, 6 were receiving in-center hemodialysis, 5 had a kidney transplant, and 14 were care partners. We identified 4 patient-related themes with corresponding subthemes related to the impact of COVID-19 on self-management: 1) cognitive understanding that COVID-19 is an additional health threat to existing kidney disease, 2) heightened anxiety and vulnerability driven by perceived risk, 3) coping with isolation through virtual interactions with healthcare services and social circles, 4) increased protective behaviors to maximize survival. Three care partner-related themes emerged: 1) hypervigilance in family care and protection, 2) interaction with health system and adaptations to self-management, and 3) increased intensity in caregiving role to facilitate patient self-management. Limitations The qualitative study design limits the ability to generate generalizable data. Grouping patients with Stage 3 and 4 CKD, in-center hemodialysis, and kidney transplants together limited our ability to examine self-management challenges specific to each treatment requirement. Conclusions When faced with the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with CKD and their care partners experienced heightened vulnerability and thus increased cautionary activities to maximize survival. Our study provides the groundwork for future interventions to help patients and care partners live with kidney disease during future crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia H. Ng
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Northwell Health
| | - Candice Halinski
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Northwell Health
| | - Devika Nair
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Michael A. Diefenbach
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
- Institute of Health System Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research
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Bendersky VA, Saha A, Sidoti CN, Ferzola A, Downey M, Ruck JM, Vanterpool KB, Young L, Shegelman A, Segev DL, Levan ML. Factors impacting the medication "Adherence Landscape" for transplant patients. Clin Transplant 2023; 37:e14962. [PMID: 36950850 PMCID: PMC10272095 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medication non-adherence contributes to post-transplant graft rejection and failure; however, limited knowledge about the reasons for non-adherence hinders the development of interventions to improve adherence. We conducted focus groups with solid organ transplant recipients regarding overlooked challenges in the process of transplant medication self-management and examined their adherence strategies and perceptions towards the post-transplant medication regimen. METHODS We conducted four focus groups with n = 31 total adult transplant recipients. Participants had received kidney, liver, or combined liver/kidney transplant at Johns Hopkins Hospital between 2014 and 2019. Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were analyzed inductively, using the constant comparative method. RESULTS Responses generally fell into two major categories: (1) barriers to adherence and (2) "adherence landscape". We define the former as factors directly labeled as barriers to adherence by participants and the latter as factors that heavily influence the post-transplant medication self-management process. CONCLUSIONS We propose a shift in the way healthcare providers and researchers, address the question of medication non-adherence. Rather than asking why patients are non-adherent, we suggest that constructing and understanding patients' "adherence landscape" will provide an optimal way to align the goals of patients and providers and boost health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amrita Saha
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Carolyn N. Sidoti
- Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Alexander Ferzola
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Max Downey
- Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jessica M. Ruck
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Karen B. Vanterpool
- Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lisa Young
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore MD
| | - Abigail Shegelman
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Dorry L. Segev
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Macey L. Levan
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Acute and Chronic Care, Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD
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Visintini C, Mansutti I, Palese A. Medication Adherence among Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092452. [PMID: 37173924 PMCID: PMC10177142 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recipients of a haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may experience issues in medication adherence (MA) when discharged. The primary aim of this review was to describe the oral MA prevalence and the tools used to evaluate it among these patients; the secondary aims were to summarise factors affecting medication non-adherence (MNA), interventions promoting MA, and outcomes of MNA. A systematic review (PROSPERO no. CRD42022315298) was performed by searching the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus databases, and grey literature up to May 2022 by including (a) adult recipients of allogeneic HSCT, taking oral medications up to 4 years after HSCT; (b) primary studies published in any year and written in any language; (c) with an experimental, quasi-experimental, observational, correlational, and cross-sectional design; and (d) with a low risk of bias. We provide a qualitative narrative synthesis of the extracted data. We included 14 studies with 1049 patients. The median prevalence of MA was 61.8% and it has not decreased over time (immunosuppressors 61.5% [range 31.3-88.8%] and non-immunosuppressors 65.2% [range 48-100%]). Subjective measures of MA have been used most frequently (78.6%) to date. Factors affecting MNA are younger age, higher psychosocial risk, distress, daily immunosuppressors, decreased concomitant therapies, and experiencing more side effects. Four studies reported findings about interventions, all led by pharmacists, with positive effects on MA. Two studies showed an association between MNA and chronic graft-versus-host disease. The variability in adherence rates suggests that the issues are relevant and should be carefully considered in daily practice. MNA has a multifactorial nature and thus requires multidisciplinary care models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Visintini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Mansutti
- School of Nursing, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Alvisa Palese
- School of Nursing, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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12
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Yamanaga S, Hidaka Y, Kawabata C, Toyoda M, Yamamoto Y, Inadome A, Yokomizo H. Appointment Nonadherence and Graft Outcomes in Living Donor Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2023:S0041-1345(23)00127-6. [PMID: 37031039 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medication nonadherence is associated with worse graft outcomes but is hard to recognize in clinical settings due to its self-reporting nature. We hypothesized that appointment nonadherence might be associated with worse graft outcomes in living donor kidney transplantation. METHODS We included 167 adult living-donor kidney transplants whose grafts survived >2 years from April 2011 to May 2020. Thirty-two cases of appointment nonadherence were identified and compared with the controls (n = 135). RESULTS Younger age, male sex, higher body weight, and parent donor were significantly observed in the appointment nonadherence group. The appointment nonadherence group was significantly associated with worse graft survival (5 years: 82.3% vs 98.9%, P < .001, 10 years: 67.2% vs 89.6%, P < .001), de novo donor-specific antibody production, acute rejection, as well as the decline of graft function. Furthermore, appointment nonadherence had a 4-fold higher risk of graft loss after an adjustment with recipient age, sex, body weight, and donor type (adjusted hazard ratio: 3.93, 95% CI: 1.15-13.42, P = .029). CONCLUSIONS Appointment nonadherence might be an alternative predictor for worse graft outcomes after living donor kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyoshi Yamanaga
- Department of Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Yuji Hidaka
- Department of Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kawabata
- Department of Nephrology, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mariko Toyoda
- Department of Nephrology, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akito Inadome
- Department of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokomizo
- Department of Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
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13
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Vaisbourd Y, Dahhou M, Zhang X, Sapir-Pichhadze R, Cardinal H, Johnston O, Blydt-Hansen TD, Tibbles LA, Hamiwka L, Urschel S, Birk P, Bissonnette J, Matsuda-Abedini M, BScPhm JH, Schiff J, Phan V, De Geest S, Allen U, Avitzur Y, Mital S, Foster BJ. Differences in medication adherence by sex and organ type among adolescent and young adult solid organ transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2023; 27:e14446. [PMID: 36478059 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of differences in medication adherence by sex or organ type may help in planning interventions to optimize outcomes. We compared immunosuppressive medication adherence between males and females, and between kidney, liver and heart transplant recipients. METHODS This multicenter study of prevalent kidney, liver and heart transplant recipients 14-25 years assessed adherence 3 times (0, 3, 6 months post-enrollment) with the BAASIS self-report tool. At each visit, participants were classified as adherent if they missed no doses in the prior 4 weeks and non-adherent otherwise. Adherence was also assessed using the coefficient of variation (CV) of tacrolimus trough levels; CV < 30% was classified as adherent. We used multivariable mixed effects logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders to compare adherence by sex and by organ. RESULTS Across all visits, males (n = 150, median age 20.4 years, IQR 17.2-23.3) had lower odds of self-reported adherence than females (n = 120, median age 19.8 years, IQR 17.1-22.7) (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.21-0.80) but higher odds of adherence by tacrolimus CV (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.30-4.82). No significant differences in adherence (by self-report or tacrolimus CV) were noted between the 184 kidney, 58 liver, and 28 heart recipients. CONCLUSION Females show better self-reported adherence than males but greater variability in tacrolimus levels. Social desirability bias, more common in females than males, may contribute to better self-reported adherence among females. Higher tacrolimus variability among females may reflect biologic differences in tacrolimus metabolism between males and females rather than sex differences in adherence. There were no significant differences in adherence by organ type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mourad Dahhou
- Research Institute of The McGill University Health Centre, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xun Zhang
- Research Institute of The McGill University Health Centre, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ruth Sapir-Pichhadze
- Research Institute of The McGill University Health Centre, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Olwyn Johnston
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tom D Blydt-Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lee Anne Tibbles
- Department of Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lorraine Hamiwka
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simon Urschel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patricia Birk
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Mina Matsuda-Abedini
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Harrison BScPhm
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Ajmera Transplant Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Schiff
- Ajmera Transplant Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sabina De Geest
- Department Public Health, Institute of Nursing Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Academic Center of Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Upton Allen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yaron Avitzur
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Seema Mital
- Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bethany J Foster
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.,Research Institute of The McGill University Health Centre, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
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14
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Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Version of the Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Direct 2023; 9:e1457. [PMID: 36860659 PMCID: PMC9970284 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A valid and reliable instrument that can measure adherence is needed to identify nonadherent patients and to improve adherence. However, there is no validated Japanese self-report instrument to evaluate adherence to immunosuppressive medications for transplant patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medications Scale (BAASIS). Methods We translated the BAASIS into Japanese and developed the Japanese version of the BAASIS (J-BAASIS) according to the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research task force guidelines. We analyzed the reliability (test-retest reliability and measurement error) and validity of the J-BAASIS (concurrent validity with the medication event monitoring system and the 12-item Medication Adherence Scale) referring to the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist. Results A total of 106 kidney transplant recipients were included in this study. In the analysis of test-retest reliability, Cohen's kappa coefficient was found to be 0.62. In the analysis of measurement error, the positive and negative agreement were 0.78 and 0.84, respectively. In the analysis of concurrent validity with the medication event monitoring system, sensitivity and specificity were 0.84 and 0.90, respectively. In the analysis of concurrent validity with the 12-item Medication Adherence Scale, the point-biserial correlation coefficient for the "medication compliance" subscale was 0.38 (P < 0.001). Conclusions The J-BAASIS was determined to have good reliability and validity. Using the J-BAASIS to evaluate adherence can help clinicians to identify medication nonadherence and institute appropriate corrective measures to improve transplant outcomes.
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15
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Halfpap J, Allen C, Rhon DI. A novel Home Exercise Assessment Tool (HEAT) to assess recall and performance: A reliability study. Physiother Theory Pract 2023; 39:423-432. [PMID: 35129064 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2021.2017089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A reliable and valid tool to measure short-term recall does not exist. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was o assess the reliability of a novel tool designed to evaluate the immediate recall and performance of prescribed exercises. This reliability study was secondary from a parent randomized controlled trial. METHODS Patients ages 18 to 65 with low back or unilateral knee pain longer than 6 weeks, reporting to a primary care or physical therapy clinic at one large military hospital. Participants were randomized into one of four groups based on number of exercises and type of instruction. The Home Exercise Assessment Tool (HEAT) is scored along an ordinal scale, (zero = low; three = high performance), with 2+ equal to meeting the intent of the exercise. Reliability of testing was assessed using a pool of four raters. RESULTS The interrater reliability of the HEAT performed on 30 participants (9 females, and 21males, mean age 36.7 (SD = 11.7)) and eight participants during pilot testing demonstrated moderate to good reliability (ICC = 0.66-0.77). Intrarater reliability during pilot testing was excellent (ICC = 0.93-0.96). CONCLUSION The HEAT demonstrated moderate to good interrater and excellent intrarater reliability. This tool is unique in that it assesses both recall and adherence, and merits further testing in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Halfpap
- Bowling Green State University, College of Health and Human Services Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Ohio Bowling Green U.S.A
| | - Christopher Allen
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program University of Cincinnati, College of Allied Health Sciences, Cincinnati Ohio U.S.A
| | - Daniel I Rhon
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio Texas U.S.A
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16
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Bae SH, Lee JJ, Son SY, Kim HY, Ju MK. A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Health Literacy and Compliance to Treatment in Organ Transplant Recipients. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030977. [PMID: 36769625 PMCID: PMC9917956 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the correlations between health literacy, transplant effects, and compliance to treatment in organ transplant recipients and to identify the factors influencing compliance to treatment. The participants (n = 130; males = 66.9%; mean age = 56.4 years) were organ transplant recipients visiting an organ transplantation center in Seoul, South Korea. The regression model explained 32% of the variance in participants' compliance to treatment. Among the health literacy variables, "Scale 3: Actively managing my health" (β = 0.38, p = 0.001) and "Scale 4: Social support for health" (β = 0.25, p = 0.019) had a significant effect on compliance to treatment. In this study, health literacy was identified as a key factor influencing compliance to treatment. Therefore, patients' health literacy should be assessed prior to transplantation to identify potential high-risk patients for treatment nonadherence. In addition, after transplantation surgery, patient-tailored interventions should be developed and provided for self-management that reflects the patient's health literacy level to ultimately enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hyoung Bae
- Research Institute of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Ajou University, Suwon 100204, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Jun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Son
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Ki Ju
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2019-3893; Fax: +82-2-2019-4827
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17
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Bartlett Ellis RJ, Andrews A, Elomba CD, Remy LM, Ruggeri SY, Russell CL, Ruppar TM. Managing Medications and Medication Adherence Among US Adults During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:369-383. [PMID: 36819643 PMCID: PMC9930569 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s393749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Before the COVID-19 pandemic and the disruptions it brought, medication adherence was already a challenging and complex health behavior. The purpose of this study was to describe patients' interactions in clinic, pharmacy, and home contexts and associated medication management and adherence during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. PATIENTS AND METHODS A survey questionnaire was developed using the Medication Adherence Context and Outcomes framework and distributed via social media between May and July 2020 targeting adults taking a daily prescribed medication. Survey questions assessed sociodemographics, interactions with healthcare providers, clinics, pharmacies, medication management experiences, habit strength, and life chaos perceptions during the pandemic. Medication adherence was assessed by the self-report BAASIS© scale to measure implementation, discontinuation, and overall nonadherence. RESULTS A total of 134 adults from the United States, mean age 50.0 (SD 16.1) years were included in this analysis. Respondents took a median of 3.50 (interquartile range 4) daily medications. Delays in seeing a provider were reported by 47 (35.1%). Pharmacy encounters were impacted; 25 (18.7%) indicated their method for obtaining medication changed. Medication nonadherence was reported among 62 (46.3%) and was significantly greater among those who delayed prescription refills (p=0.032), pillbox users (p=0.047), and those who experienced greater life chaos (p=0.040) and lower habit strength (p<0.001) in the early phase of the pandemic. CONCLUSION Although the early phase of the pandemic affected access to care for nearly one-third of the sample, distance-accessible care options and strategies to obtain needed services without being in-person supported respondents medication management. Helpful strategies included provider accessibility, telehealth, home delivery/mail-order, drive-thru's, 90-day supplies, and online/automatic refills. Methods to develop and reestablish habits are critical. Care providers in clinic and pharmacy settings can educate and remind patients about services like distance-accessible technologies and online ordering of medications and establishing routines to support medication adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Bartlett Ellis
- Science of Nursing Care Department, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Correspondence: Rebecca J Bartlett Ellis, Science of Nursing Care Department, Indiana University, 600 Barnhill Drive, NU 120, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA, Tel +1 317 274 0047, Email
| | - Angela Andrews
- Primary Care and Health Systems, Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, USA
| | - Charles D Elomba
- Science of Nursing Care Department, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Sunny Yoo Ruggeri
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Kansas City, Missouri, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Cynthia L Russell
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Kansas City, Missouri, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Todd M Ruppar
- Department of Adult Health and Gerontological Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
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18
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Kanyongo W, Ezugwu AE. Feature selection and importance of predictors of non-communicable diseases medication adherence from machine learning research perspectives. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2023.101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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19
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Morizawa Y, Satoh H, Arai M, Iwasa S, Sato A, Fujimoto K. Association Between Nonadherence and Transient Hyperuricemia in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2023; 55:129-133. [PMID: 36581508 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonadherence among pediatric transplant recipients is a significant problem that reduces graft survival and leads to poor kidney graft outcomes. It is, however, extremely difficult to detect during a regular follow-up. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate the risk factors involved in nonadherence, focusing on unexplained transient hyperuricemia in pediatric kidney transplant (KTx) recipients at a single pediatric center. METHODS This retrospective study included 167 patients who underwent KTx at our pediatric center. A Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to evaluate the risk of nonadherence using the following factors: age, sex, body mass index SD score, transient hyperuricemia, hypertension, and follow-up period. RESULTS Nonadherence was identified in 19 patients (11%), with the average (SD) age and post-KTx duration at diagnosis being 17.21 (4.73) years and 79.21 (38.77) months, respectively. Thirty-four patients (20%) were diagnosed with transient hyperuricemia at a median of 14 months after KTx. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, transient hyperuricemia was the only independent risk factor for nonadherence after KTx. CONCLUSIONS Transient hyperuricemia was identified as one of the risk factors for nonadherence after KTx; therefore, careful monitoring for transient hyperuricemia may allow early detection of nonadherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Morizawa
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - H Satoh
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Arai
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Iwasa
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Sato
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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20
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Kidney-transplanted Adolescents—Nonadherence and Graft Outcomes During the Transition Phase: A Nationwide Analysis, 2000–2020. Transplantation 2022; 107:1206-1212. [PMID: 36476728 PMCID: PMC10125107 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transition from pediatric to young adult care is a vulnerable period for the renal transplant patient. We aimed to identify medication nonadherence (noninitiation, nonimplementation, and nonpersistence) and graft loss rates among adolescents and young adults and elucidate the influence of the transition phase on transplant outcomes. METHODS A retrospective nationwide cohort analysis of all renal transplantations in Norway from 2000 to 2020 was performed. Data were retrieved from the Norwegian Renal Registry, and adherence data from hospital charts. Patients transplanted aged <50 y, with functioning graft at 6 mo, were included. Recipients transplanted aged <26 y were compared with recipients transplanted aged 26-50 y. Graft loss, acute rejection, and development of de novo donor-specific antibodies were assessed in relation to the transition phase, defined as 14-26 y. RESULTS Data from 1830 kidney recipients were included: 371 (20%) transplanted <26 y (64% male, 68% living donor) versus 1459 transplanted 26-50 y (63% male, 44% living donor). There were 298 graft losses, 78 (21%) in the <26-y group versus 220 (15%) in the 26- to 50-y group. During the transition phase, 36 grafts were lost, 29 (81%) after transfer to the adult service. Medication nonadherence was the reason for 58% (21 of 36) of the losses during the transition phase, versus 12% (27 of 220) in the 26- to 50-y group ( P < 0.001). The 5-y graft survival rate was 89% (95% confidence interval, 85%-92%) and 94% (92%-95%), respectively ( P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Nonadherence was verified as the main cause of kidney graft loss in the transition phase.
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21
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Akıncı S. Assessment of the Effectiveness of Patient Education and Interviews in Improving Medication Adherence of Renal Transplant Recipients. Cureus 2022; 14:e33010. [PMID: 36712742 PMCID: PMC9879593 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-compliance with immunosuppressive drugs has been reported as the most significant cause of graft loss. Since non-compliance with immunosuppressive drugs is preventable, certain approaches based on the risk factors and causes of non-compliance can help eliminate this problem. Aims The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of patient education and interviews in improving medication adherence of renal-transplant recipients. Materials and methods This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. Using the G*Power program, the sample size was calculated as 60 subjects, with 30 in both the intervention group and control group. Data collection tools included a patient information form, a pretest-posttest, a drug monitoring form for kidney transplant patients, the Immunosuppressive Therapy Adherence Scale, measurement of tacrolimus blood levels, and a training booklet. Results The mean knowledge score in the intervention group was 12.17±3.39 at baseline, and it increased to 20.73±1.57 after the intervention. The mean scores on the Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale were 11.67±0.55 and 10.70±0.99 in the intervention group and control group, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test means on the Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale in the intervention group. The mean Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale score was higher in the intervention group. In the measurement of tacrolimus blood levels, medication adherence was found the be higher in the intervention group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant. There was a positive correlation between the tacrolimus blood levels and the Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale scores in both groups. Conclusions To conclude, our results have demonstrated that patient education and interviews improve immunosuppressant medication adherence in renal transplant recipients. Using direct or indirect methods proved similar outcomes, suggesting that both evaluation methods are safe.
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22
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O'Hara DV, Yi TW, Lee VW, Jardine M, Dawson J. Digital health technologies to support medication adherence in chronic kidney disease. Nephrology (Carlton) 2022; 27:917-924. [PMID: 36176176 PMCID: PMC9828762 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-adherence to medications is a critical challenge in the management of people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review explores the complexities of adherence in this population, the unique barriers and enablers of good adherence behaviours, and the role of emerging digital health technologies in bridging the gap between evidence-based treatment plans and the real-world standard of care. We present the current evidence supporting the use of digital health interventions among CKD populations, identifying the key research questions that remain unanswered, and providing practical strategies for clinicians to support medication adherence in a digital age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V. O'Hara
- NHMRC Clinical Trials CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia,Department of Renal MedicineRoyal North Shore HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Tae Won Yi
- NHMRC Clinical Trials CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia,The George Institute for Global HealthUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia,Department of Medicine, Clinician Investigator ProgramUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Vincent W. Lee
- Department of Renal MedicineWestmead HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia,Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Meg Jardine
- NHMRC Clinical Trials CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia,Department of Renal MedicineConcord Repatriation General HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jessica Dawson
- NHMRC Clinical Trials CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia,Department of Nutrition and DieteticsSt George HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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23
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Naganuma Y, Maeda M, Nakamura K, Fukahori H, Satake H, Murakami R, Hanaoka K, Higashi Y, Koyama H, Morokata T. Impacts of dosing and drug withdrawal period on tacrolimus-based triple therapy in a non-human primate renal transplantation model. Transpl Immunol 2022; 75:101704. [PMID: 36057381 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-human primate (NHP) renal transplantation models are widely used vivo models for researching new immunosuppressive therapies including allograft tolerance strategies. To enroll animals into a tolerance study, an immunosuppressive regimen that efficiently establishes stable renal function in NHPs is needed. Here, we assessed the effect of triple therapy comprising 2.0 mg/kg tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and a steroid and its success rate for achieving stable renal function. In addition, to predict the pathophysiological consequences of withdrawing immunosuppressants, an indispensable process after induction of tolerance, we also assessed changes in the stable renal state maintained by triple therapy after drug withdrawal. Six cynomolgus monkeys were used. The median survival time was >176 days over the dosing period and 45 days after drug withdrawal. The triple therapy successfully induced stable graft function without calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity in three of six recipients, although adopting trough-dependent tacrolimus dose adjustment rather than a preset dose regimen could improve on the present strategy. Further, drug withdrawal led to deterioration of renal function, de novo donor specific antibody production and increased the memory/naïve T cell ratio within two weeks post drug withdrawal. We expect that these findings contribute to establish one of the choices for animal model for evaluating future tolerance therapy for renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Naganuma
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan.
| | - Masashi Maeda
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Koji Nakamura
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Fukahori
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Satake
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Ryuji Murakami
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Kaori Hanaoka
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Higashi
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hironari Koyama
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Morokata
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
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Non-Immunologic Causes of Late Death-Censored Kidney Graft Failure: A Personalized Approach. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081271. [PMID: 36013220 PMCID: PMC9410103 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite continuous advances in surgical and immunosuppressive protocols, the long-term survival of transplanted kidneys is still far from being satisfactory. Antibody-mediated rejection, recurrent autoimmune diseases, and death with functioning graft are the most frequent causes of late-kidney allograft failure. However, in addition to these complications, a number of other non-immunologic events may impair the function of transplanted kidneys and directly or indirectly lead to their failure. In this narrative review, we will list and discuss the most important nonimmune causes of late death-censored kidney graft failure, including quality of the donated kidney, adherence to prescriptions, drug toxicities, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, new onset diabetes mellitus, hyperuricemia, and lifestyle of the renal transplant recipient. For each of these risk factors, we will report the etiopathogenesis and the potential consequences on graft function, keeping in mind that in many cases, two or more risk factors may negatively interact together.
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25
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Naesens M, Loupy A, Hilbrands L, Oberbauer R, Bellini MI, Glotz D, Grinyó J, Heemann U, Jochmans I, Pengel L, Reinders M, Schneeberger S, Budde K. Rationale for Surrogate Endpoints and Conditional Marketing Authorization of New Therapies for Kidney Transplantation. Transpl Int 2022; 35:10137. [PMID: 35669977 PMCID: PMC9163307 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2022.10137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Conditional marketing authorization (CMA) facilitates timely access to new drugs for illnesses with unmet clinical needs, such as late graft failure after kidney transplantation. Late graft failure remains a serious, burdensome, and life-threatening condition for recipients. This article has been developed from content prepared by members of a working group within the European Society for Organ Transplantation (ESOT) for a Broad Scientific Advice request, submitted by ESOT to the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and reviewed by the EMA in 2020. The article presents the rationale for using surrogate endpoints in clinical trials aiming at improving late graft failure rates, to enable novel kidney transplantation therapies to be considered for CMA and improve access to medicines. The paper also provides background data to illustrate the relationship between primary and surrogate endpoints. Developing surrogate endpoints and a CMA strategy could be particularly beneficial for studies where the use of primary endpoints would yield insufficient statistical power or insufficient indication of long-term benefit following transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Naesens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Maarten Naesens,
| | - Alexandre Loupy
- Paris Translational Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
| | - Luuk Hilbrands
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rainer Oberbauer
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Denis Glotz
- Paris Translational Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | | | - Uwe Heemann
- Department of Nephrology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ina Jochmans
- Transplantation Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liset Pengel
- Centre for Evidence in Transplantation, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marlies Reinders
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Schneeberger
- Department of General, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klemens Budde
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Naesens M, Budde K, Hilbrands L, Oberbauer R, Bellini MI, Glotz D, Grinyó J, Heemann U, Jochmans I, Pengel L, Reinders M, Schneeberger S, Loupy A. Surrogate Endpoints for Late Kidney Transplantation Failure. Transpl Int 2022; 35:10136. [PMID: 35669974 PMCID: PMC9163814 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2022.10136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In kidney transplant recipients, late graft failure is often multifactorial. In addition, primary endpoints in kidney transplantation studies seek to demonstrate the short-term efficacy and safety of clinical interventions. Although such endpoints might demonstrate short-term improvement in specific aspects of graft function or incidence of rejection, such findings do not automatically translate into meaningful long-term graft survival benefits. Combining many factors into a well-validated model is therefore more likely to predict long-term outcome and better reflect the complexity of late graft failure than using single endpoints. If conditional marketing authorization could be considered for therapies that aim to improve long-term outcomes following kidney transplantation, then the surrogate endpoint for graft failure in clinical trial settings needs clearer definition. This Consensus Report considers the potential benefits and drawbacks of several candidate surrogate endpoints (including estimated glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, histological lesions, and donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies) and composite scoring systems. The content was created from information prepared by a working group within the European Society for Organ Transplantation (ESOT). The group submitted a Broad Scientific Advice request to the European Medicines Agency (EMA), June 2020: the request focused on clinical trial design and endpoints in kidney transplantation. Following discussion and refinement, the EMA made final recommendations to ESOT in December 2020 regarding the potential to use surrogate endpoints in clinical studies that aim to improving late graft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Naesens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Klemens Budde
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luuk Hilbrands
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rainer Oberbauer
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Denis Glotz
- Paris Translational Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | | | - Uwe Heemann
- Department of Nephrology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ina Jochmans
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liset Pengel
- Centre for Evidence in Transplantation, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marlies Reinders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Schneeberger
- Department of General, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexandre Loupy
- Paris Translational Research Center for Organ Transplantation, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
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Robiner WN, Petrik ML, Flaherty N, Fossum TA, Freese RL, Nevins TE. Depression, Quantified Medication Adherence, and Quality of Life in Renal Transplant Candidates and Recipients. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022; 29:168-184. [PMID: 34089133 PMCID: PMC8642472 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-021-09792-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Like patients with many chronic illnesses, ESRD patients experience psychological challenges with greater incidence of depression and reduced quality of life (QoL). A series of 139 transplant candidates' depression and QoL, and a subset of 82 candidates' medication adherence were monitored, revealing heterogenous patterns of depression and adherence and reduced QoL. Twenty-eight patients who received kidney transplants were re-evaluated 6 months post-transplant revealing mixed patterns. Mean depression and quantitated adherence decreased and QoL increased. Some patients improved whereas others declined in depression and adherence. Pre-transplant depression was negatively correlated with post-transplant adherence but positively correlated with post-transplant depression. Nevertheless, the ability to predict individuals' post-transplant adherence and depression, principal objectives of pre-transplant psychological evaluations, is limited. Consequently, it is important to provide periodic screening of ESRD patients for depression and adherence pre- and post-transplant as they reflect changing states, rather than static traits, with variable patterns across patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- William N Robiner
- Health Psychology, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, MMC 741, 420 Delaware Street, S.E, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Megan L Petrik
- Health Psychology, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, MMC 741, 420 Delaware Street, S.E, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Nancy Flaherty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Thyra A Fossum
- Health Psychology, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, MMC 741, 420 Delaware Street, S.E, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Rebecca L Freese
- Biostatistical Design and Analysis Center (BDAC), Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Thomas E Nevins
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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28
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Zhu X, Peng B, Yi Q, Liu J, Yan J. Prediction Model of Immunosuppressive Medication Non-adherence for Renal Transplant Patients Based on Machine Learning Technology. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:796424. [PMID: 35252242 PMCID: PMC8895304 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.796424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Predicting adherence to immunosuppressive medication (IM) is important to improve and design future prospective, personalized interventions in Chinese renal transplant patients (RTPs). Methods A retrospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed in 1,191 RTPs from October 2020 to February 2021 in China. The BAASIS was used as the standard to determine the adherence of the patients. Variables of the combined theory, including the general data, the HBM, the TPB, the BMQ, the PSSS and the GSES, were used to build the models. The machine learning (ML) models included LR, RF, MLP, SVM, and XG Boost. The SHAP method was used to evaluate the contribution of predictors to predicting the risk of IM non-adherence in RTPs. Results The IM non-adherence rate in the derivation cohort was 38.5%. Ten predictors were screened to build the model based on the database. The SVM model performed better among the five models, with sensitivity of 0.59, specificity of 0.73, and average AUC of 0.75. The SHAP analysis showed that age, marital status, HBM-perceived barriers, use pill box after transplantation, and PSSS-family support were the most important predictors in the prediction model. All of the models had good performance validated by external data. Conclusions The IM non-adherence rate of RTPs was high, and it is important to improve IM adherence. The model developed by ML technology could identify high-risk patients and provide a basis for the development of relevant improvement measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhu
- Nursing Department of Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Chinese Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Research Center of Chinese Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - QiFeng Yi
- Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Nursing Department of Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: QiFeng Yi
| | - Jia Liu
- Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Nursing Department of Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Chinese Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine Engineering and Technology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Jia Liu
| | - Jin Yan
- Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Nursing Department of Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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29
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Thom RL, Dalle-Ave A, Bunnik EM, Krones T, Van Assche K, Ruck Keene A, Cronin AJ. Inequitable Access to Transplants: Adults With Impaired Decision-Making Capacity. Transpl Int 2022; 35:10084. [PMID: 35368648 PMCID: PMC8971203 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2022.10084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Inequitable access to deceased donor organs for transplantation has received considerable scrutiny in recent years. Emerging evidence suggests patients with impaired decision-making capacity (IDC) face inequitable access to transplantation. The "Ethical and Legal Issues" working group of the European Society of Transplantation undertook an expert consensus process. Literature relating to transplantation in patients with IDC was examined and collated to investigate whether IDC is associated with inferior transplant outcomes and the legitimacy of this healthcare inequality was examined. Even though the available evidence of inferior transplant outcomes in these patients is limited, the working group concluded that access to transplantation in patients with IDC may be inequitable. Consequently, we argue that IDC should not in and of itself be considered as a barrier to either registration on the transplant waiting list or allocation of an organ. Strategies for non-discrimination should focus on ensuring eligibility is based upon sound evidence and outcomes without reference to non-medical criteria. Recommendations to support policy makers and healthcare providers to reduce unintended inequity and inadvertent discrimination are set out. We call upon transplant centres and national bodies to include data on decision-making capacity in routine reporting schedules in order to improve the evidence base upon which organ policy decisions are made going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Dalle-Ave
- Ethics Unit, Institute of Humanities in Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eline M Bunnik
- Department of Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tanja Krones
- Department of Clinical Ethics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Alex Ruck Keene
- 39 Essex Chambers, London, United Kingdom.,King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonia J Cronin
- Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Trust and King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Chen T, Wang Y, Tian D, Zhang J, Xu Q, Lv Q, Li X, Wang J. Follow-Up Factors Contribute to Immunosuppressant Adherence in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:2811-2819. [PMID: 36284546 PMCID: PMC9588292 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s383243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Follow-up and immunosuppressive medication (ISM) adherence are both important for kidney transplant recipients postoperatively and whether follow-up factors affect the ISM adherence remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between follow-up factors and ISM adherence, and the factors associated with ISM adherence. PATIENTS AND METHODS An internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in a single kidney transplant center in China. The participants completed the internet-based questionnaire and the Basel Assessment of Adherence to Immunosuppressive Medication Scale (BAASIS©) from January 12 to January 26, 2021. RESULTS Finally, 288 (66.7%) participants responded to this survey. The percentage of full adherence to immunosuppressant was 51.7% (149/288), with 33.3% of the participants reporting a problem in timing dimension. We found that follow-up with a fixed doctor was significantly positive to good adherence (OR=2.124, 95% CI=1.111-4.062, P=0.023) after analyzing the survey data. Time since kidney transplantation and number of non-immunosuppressants were both associated with immunosuppressant adherence. No significant difference was found regarding the effect of the follow-up adherence on ISM adherence. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated an insufficient prevalence of adherence to immunosuppressant in Chinese renal transplant recipients and revealed that follow-up with a fixed doctor may be a way to improve the patients' ISM adherence. This anonymous internet-based survey provides valuable insight into the actual adherence rate, factors associated with non-adherence, and situations that may improve medication-taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianzhou Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaoyu Li, Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Jina Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Jina Wang, Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Ng YH, Litvinovich I, Leyva Y, Ford CG, Zhu Y, Kendall K, Croswell E, Puttarajappa CM, Dew MA, Shapiro R, Unruh ML, Myaskovsky L. Medication, Healthcare Follow-up, and Lifestyle Nonadherence: Do They Share the Same Risk Factors? Transplant Direct 2022; 8:e1256. [PMID: 34912945 PMCID: PMC8670587 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Barriers to medication adherence may differ from barriers in other domains of adherence. In this study, we assessed the association between pre-kidney transplantation (KT) factors with nonadherent behaviors in 3 different domains post-KT. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study with patient interviews at initial KT evaluation (baseline-nonadherence predictors in sociodemographic, condition-related, health system, and patient-related psychosocial factors) and at ≈6 mo post-KT (adherence outcomes: medications, healthcare follow-up, and lifestyle behavior). All patients who underwent KT at our institution and had ≈6-mo follow-up interview were included in the study. We assessed nonadherence in 3 different domains using continuous composite measures derived from the Health Habit Survey. We built multiple linear and logistic regression models, adjusting for baseline characteristics, to predict adherence outcomes. RESULTS We included 173 participants. Black race (mean difference in adherence score: -0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.12 to -0.32) and higher income (mean difference: -0.34; 95% CI, -0.67 to -0.02) predicted lower medication adherence. Experience of racial discrimination predicted lower adherence (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.12-0.76) and having internal locus of control predicted better adherence (odds ratio, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.06-2.03) to healthcare follow-up. In the lifestyle domain, higher education (mean difference: 0.75; 95% CI, 0.21-1.29) and lower body mass index (mean difference: -0.08; 95% CI, -0.13 to -0.03) predicted better adherence to dietary recommendations, but no risk factors predicted exercise adherence. CONCLUSIONS Different nonadherence behaviors may stem from different motivation and risk factors (eg, clinic nonattendance due to experiencing racial discrimination). Thus adherence intervention should be individualized to target at-risk population (eg, bias reduction training for medical staff to improve patient adherence to clinic visit).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Harn Ng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Igor Litvinovich
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Yuridia Leyva
- Center for the Healthcare Equity in Kidney Disease (CHEK-D), University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - C. Graham Ford
- Center for the Healthcare Equity in Kidney Disease (CHEK-D), University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Yiliang Zhu
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Preventive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | | | - Emilee Croswell
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Mary Amanda Dew
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ron Shapiro
- Mount Sinai Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, Icahn School of Medicine
| | - Mark L. Unruh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Larissa Myaskovsky
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
- Center for the Healthcare Equity in Kidney Disease (CHEK-D), University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM
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Devresse A, Gohy S, Robert A, Kanaan N. How to manage cigarette smoking in kidney transplant candidates and recipients? Clin Kidney J 2021; 14:2295-2303. [PMID: 34754426 PMCID: PMC8572985 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a frequent problem affecting many kidney transplant (KT) candidates and recipients. The negative impact of active smoking on KT outcomes has been demonstrated. Consequently, most guidelines strongly recommend quitting smoking before considering kidney transplantation. However, nicotine addiction is a complex multifactorial disease and only 3–5% of the patients who try to quit by themselves achieve prolonged abstinence. Smoking cessation programmes (SCPs) have proven their efficacy in the general population to increase the rate of quitting and should therefore be proposed to all smoking KT candidates and recipients. Nevertheless, SCPs have not been evaluated in the KT field and not all KT centres have easy access to these programmes. In this work, we aim to review the current knowledge on the subject and provide an overview of the available interventions to help smoking patients quit. We detail non-pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical approaches and discuss their use in KT candidates and recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Devresse
- Nephrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Gohy
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Robert
- Nephrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nada Kanaan
- Nephrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Kostalova B, Ribaut J, Dobbels F, Gerull S, Mala-Ladova K, Zullig LL, De Geest S. Medication adherence interventions in transplantation lack information on how to implement findings from randomized controlled trials in real-world settings: A systematic review. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2021; 36:100671. [PMID: 34773910 DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2021.100671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing numbers of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are showing the effectiveness of interventions to improve medication adherence in transplantation recipients. However, real-world implementation is still a major challenge. This systematic review assesses the range of information available in RCTs supporting these interventions' clinical adoption in adult transplant populations. METHODS We included RCTs of interventions that a) targeted any phase of medication adherence in solid organ or allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients and b) were published between January 2015 and November 2020. We excluded study protocols, conference abstracts and studies focusing only on pediatric populations. We identified relevant database and trial registries as well as traced references backward and citations forward. Implementation-relevant information was evaluated using adapted versions of Peters' ten criteria: 1. healthcare/organizational context; 2. social/economic/policy context; 3. patient involvement; 4. other stakeholder involvement; 5. sample representativeness; 6. trial conducted in a real-world-setting; 7. presence of feasibility study; 8. implementation strategy; 9. process evaluation; 10. implementation outcomes, using a stoplight color-rating system. RESULTS Screening 17'004 titles/abstracts resulted in 23 eligible RCTs, including 2'339 patients (n = 19-209/study). All included studies focused on the implementation phase of medication adherence. The best-reported criteria were feasibility study (43%), representative sample (17%) and conducted in a real-world-setting (17%). Least reported were context (9%), implementation strategies (4%), process evaluation (4%). CONCLUSIONS RCTs testing medication adherence interventions tend to report limited implementation-relevant information. This hinders their translation to real-world transplant settings. Integrating implementation science principles early in the conceptualization of RCTs would fuel real-world-translation, reducing research waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Kostalova
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Janette Ribaut
- Institute of Nursing Science, Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Theragnostic, Hematology, University Hospital of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Fabienne Dobbels
- Institute of Nursing Science, Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; Academic Center for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35 blok d, box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sabine Gerull
- Department of Theragnostic, Hematology, University Hospital of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Hematology, Cantonal Hospital of Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland.
| | - Katerina Mala-Ladova
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Leah L Zullig
- Department of Population Health Science, Duke University, 215 Morris St, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation (ADAPT), Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 508 Fulton St, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
| | - Sabina De Geest
- Institute of Nursing Science, Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; Academic Center for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35 blok d, box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Villeneuve C, Rerolle JP, Couzi L, Westeel PF, Etienne I, Esposito L, Kamar N, Büchler M, Thierry A, Marquet P, Monchaud C. Therapeutic education as a tool to improve patient-reported and clinical outcomes after renal transplantation: results of the EPHEGREN multicenter retrospective cohort study. Transpl Int 2021; 34:2341-2352. [PMID: 34585793 DOI: 10.1111/tri.14127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Patients are not always aware of the inconveniences associated with renal transplantation, which they compare with a « rebirth », and from which they expect complete recovery. Therapeutic education is proposed to prepare patients for their life after transplantation. This study evaluated the impact of pretransplant therapeutic education on patient-reported outcomes and rejection-free survival over the first year. We collected data from 383 renal transplant patients followed-up in seven centers. Patients who benefited from therapeutic education before transplantation (N = 182) were compared with patients who did not (N = 139) for quality-of-life, adherence and adverse events using the Pearson's chi-square test, one-way ANOVA or t-test. The association between therapeutic education and time to acute rejection was investigated using Cox models. The patients who benefited from therapeutic education reported adverse events less frequently (e.g., tremor: 9% vs. 32.4%, P = 0.01) and better quality-of-life (MCS-QOL: 50.7 ± 8.1 vs. 47.7 ± 9.5, P = 0.02; PCS-QOL: 49.1 ± 7.1 vs. 46.0 ± 9.2, P = 0.013). No difference was found on adherence. Rejection-free survival was slightly better in the therapeutic education group (HR = 0.44, 95% CI = [0.19-1.01]). This multicenter retrospective cohort study suggests that integrating therapeutic education to care pathways entails clinical benefit, in terms of quality-of-life, self-reported adverse events and rejection-free survival. Randomized clinical trials are necessary to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Villeneuve
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Centre of Pharmacovigilance, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France.,UMR-1248, INSERM, Limoges, France.,FHU SUPORT, Limoges, France
| | - Jean-Phillipe Rerolle
- UMR-1248, INSERM, Limoges, France.,FHU SUPORT, Limoges, France.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Lionel Couzi
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France.,CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre-Francois Westeel
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Isabelle Etienne
- Service de Nephrologie, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Laure Esposito
- Department of Nephrology and Organ Transplantation, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nassim Kamar
- Department of Nephrology and Organ Transplantation, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,INSERM U1043, IFR-BMT, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathias Büchler
- FHU SUPORT, Limoges, France.,University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France.,François Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Antoine Thierry
- FHU SUPORT, Limoges, France.,Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Pierre Marquet
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Centre of Pharmacovigilance, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France.,UMR-1248, INSERM, Limoges, France.,FHU SUPORT, Limoges, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Caroline Monchaud
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Centre of Pharmacovigilance, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France.,UMR-1248, INSERM, Limoges, France.,FHU SUPORT, Limoges, France
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35
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Chandran MM, Blanchette E, Goebel J, Bock M. Impact of once-daily ER-Tac on trough concentration variability in a stable AYA renal transplant recipient cohort. Pediatr Transplant 2021; 25:e14036. [PMID: 34003550 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful renal transplantation requires complex medication regimens that rely on strict adherence to be effective. Variability in immunosuppression exposure, specifically tacrolimus, is associated with poor allograft outcomes. Wide intra-patient variability of tacrolimus trough concentrations (Vtac) is likely, in part, attributable to regimen complexity and poor medication adherence. Once-daily tacrolimus formulations create opportunity to simplify therapeutic regimens, and this study aims to evaluate their impact on Vtac and ultimately transplant outcomes. METHODS This retrospective cohort study investigated stable (AYA) renal transplant recipients converted from (IR-Tac) to (ER-Tac). Subjects served as their own controls. Vtac was assessed by measuring the (SD) of serial tacrolimus trough concentrations prior to and at four time points post-conversion to ER-Tac over 24-month follow-up. Secondary outcome measures included graft function, infection rates, and effect on modifiable treatment-related factors. RESULTS Twenty-eight AYA subjects were converted from IR-Tac to ER-Tac. Vtac significantly improved following conversion and was sustained for 24 months (Vtac0 2.32 vs. Vtac24 1.11, p .017). Renal function remained stable, and (BPAR) rates were modest (14%). Mean pill burden was reduced by 15%, and 42.9% of subjects achieved a once-daily medication regimen. CONCLUSIONS Conversion from IR-Tac to ER-Tac in this AYA population significantly improved Vtac with sustained effect over 2 years. This effect is likely attributable in part to simplification of the medication regimen and presumably improved medication adherence. Such conversion does not appear to compromise graft function for at least 2 years post-conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eliza Blanchette
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jens Goebel
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Margret Bock
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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van Zanten R, de Weerd A, Betjes M, Boer-Verschragen M, Massey EK. Is simplification of immunosuppressive medication a way to promote medication adherence of kidney transplant recipients? Findings from a randomized controlled trial. Transpl Int 2021; 34:1703-1711. [PMID: 34448273 PMCID: PMC9292224 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
After kidney transplantation, a strict immunosuppressive medication regimen is necessary for graft survival. However, nonadherence to medication has been shown to occur early after transplantation and to increase over time. Weaning the recipient off dual therapy onto monotherapy in order to reduce immunosuppressive burden may also be a way to promote adherence, although little is known about the impact of such a regimen on fear of rejection. We performed a cohort study on medication adherence and fear of rejection in a randomized, investigator‐driven, open‐label, single‐centre pilot study. Recipients were randomized at 6‐months post‐transplant to either continue Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate mofetil (TAC/MMF) or to taper MMF at 6 months and discontinue MMF at 9 months (TAC monotherapy). Recipients completed questionnaires about medication adherence and fear of rejection at 6 and 12‐months post‐transplantation. Medication adherence was significantly higher in the TAC monotherapy group compared to dual TAC/MMF therapy group (χ2 (1) = 4.582; P = 0.032). We found no difference in fear of rejection between the two groups of recipients (P = 0.887). Simplification of the medication regimen is a potential tool for increasing adherence in clinical practice (Netherlands Trial Register – NL4672).
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina van Zanten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annelies de Weerd
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Betjes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieken Boer-Verschragen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emma K Massey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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No Apparent Influence of Nonadherence on Tacrolimus Intrapatient Variability in Stable Kidney Transplant Recipients. Ther Drug Monit 2021; 42:702-709. [PMID: 32941396 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High intrapatient variability (IPV) in tacrolimus exposure has been associated with an increased risk of graft rejection and graft loss. It has been suggested that medication nonadherence has high impact on IPV. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between tacrolimus IPV and medication nonadherence in stable kidney transplant recipients. METHODS This study was conducted within the Reducing Renal Function Deterioration trial (Netherlands Trial Register: NTR7256), which included stable kidney transplant recipients. Nonadherence was assessed quantitatively by electronic monitoring (EM) and qualitatively using the composite adherence score (CAS) consisting of patient self-reporting (Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale), a physician report, and the tacrolimus trough concentrations (C0). IPV in tacrolimus C0 and area under the concentration-time curves (AUCs) was evaluated at 5 and 3 sampling instances, respectively. RESULTS Data of 64 kidney transplant recipients (43 males, 21 females; mean age 53.6 years), mean time post-transplantation 5.4 years, were collected. Mean missed tacrolimus intake was 7% (0.3%-13.4%) based on EM, missing one intake every 2 weeks. Based on the CAS, 68.9% of the patients were categorized as nonadherent. The mean IPV was 17.9% (4.4%-65.3%) and 20.2% (2.5%-51.6%) for tacrolimus C0 and AUCs, respectively. The nonadherence data displayed a nonparametric distribution, with nonadherence scores mostly in the lower ranges. There was no significant difference in the mean IPV between adherent and nonadherent patients. There were no differences in EM, CAS, physician report, or time-in-therapeutic range, but patients with a low AUC IPV showed a slightly higher Immunosuppressant Therapy Adherence Scale score than those with a high AUC IPV (P = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS There was no apparent relationship between IPV and nonadherence in this motivated kidney transplant recipient population, with one missed tacrolimus dose every 2 weeks.
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Krause AV, Bertram A, Nöhre M, Bauer-Hohmann M, Schiffer M, de Zwaan M. Use of an electronic medication monitoring device to estimate medication adherence in kidney transplant patients. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:842-851. [PMID: 33710349 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic medication monitoring devices (EMD) have been used as a gold standard for assessing medication adherence. We used a wireless EMD (SimpleMed+), assessed its usability in patients after kidney transplantation (KTx), evaluated adherence, and analyzed concordance with other adherence measures. Fifty-five patients (53% female, mean age 46 years) at least 6 months after KTx agreed to use the EMD over a period of 8 weeks. Self-reported adherence was measured with the BAASIS, and immunosuppressant trough level variability was assessed prior to and again during the study period. Fourteen patients stopped using the EMD or were low users (<70%). These non-completers reported that using the EMD would interfere with their daily activities. Taking-adherence of the completers was high with 98.3% (±1.9) over the entire study period. Timing-adherence was somewhat lower (94.6% ± 7.9) and decreased during the second half of the study. We found statistically significant correlations between EMD results and self-reported adherence with moderate effect sizes, but no significant association with trough level variability. The low usage of the EMD supports the need to assess the practicability of an EMD before applying it in research and clinical routine. Taking- and timing-adherence of KTx patients using the EMD was satisfactory. Self-reported adherence might be a good enough estimate of medication adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Viktoria Krause
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover, Germany
| | - Anna Bertram
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx), Hanover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology, Angiology and Rheumatology, KRH Regional Hospital Hannover Siloah, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mariel Nöhre
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bauer-Hohmann
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mario Schiffer
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martina de Zwaan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
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Le suivi des patients greffés. ACTUALITES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actpha.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Delanaye
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, University of Liège (ULg CHU), Liège, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology-Dialysis-Apheresis, Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau, Nimes, France
| | - Christophe Mariat
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, Hôpital Nord, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
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Kostalova B, Mala-Ladova K, Kubena AA, Horne R, Dusilova Sulkova S, Maly J. Changes in Beliefs About Post-Transplant Immunosuppressants Over Time and Its Relation to Medication Adherence and Kidney Graft Dysfunction: A Follow-Up Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:2877-2887. [PMID: 35002225 PMCID: PMC8725840 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s344878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The main aim was to evaluate the changes in beliefs about immunosuppressants over a 3-year period in patients after kidney transplantation. The second aim was to investigate the relationship between beliefs, medication adherence, and selected clinical outcomes such as graft functioning. PATIENTS AND METHODS This observational follow-up study was conducted in the outpatient post-transplant clinic at the University Hospital Hradec Kralove in the Czech Republic. Adult patients, at least 4 weeks after kidney transplantation, were invited for the structured interview, which was followed by a self-administered questionnaire survey during their regularly scheduled visits at the clinic. Appropriate paired tests were used to compare two measurements of beliefs about immunosuppressants by BMQ-CZ© in 2016 (baseline) and in 2019 (follow-up). Self-reported adherence was measured by two validated tools (MARS-CZ© and BAASIS©) capturing implementation and discontinuation phases. A generalized linear model was used to investigate the relation between beliefs and the consecutive estimated glomerular filtration rate. RESULTS The study involved 134 patients. Over time, their perceived treatment necessity beliefs of immunosuppressants decreased, while their treatment-related concerns increased. Overall self-reported non-adherence (ie, taking, dosing and discontinuation of immunosuppressants) was reported by 12% of the patients in both observation periods. In the follow-up period, timing non-adherence was reported by 52 (38.8%) patients. Higher baseline treatment concerns were associated with poor adherence whereas higher baseline treatment necessity beliefs corresponded with better kidney functioning, even after adjusting for age. CONCLUSION Higher treatment necessity beliefs corresponded with better kidney functioning, whereas higher treatment concerns were related to non-adherence to immunosuppressants at the beginning of the observed period. Still, most patients accepted their medicines that do not come without risk. Nevertheless, decreasing treatment necessity beliefs on one hand, and increasing treatment concerns on the other, should be considered in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Kostalova
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Mala-Ladova
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: Katerina Mala-Ladova Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovskeho 1203/8, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech RepublicTel +420 495 067 486 Email
| | - Ales Antonin Kubena
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rob Horne
- Centre for Behavioural Medicine, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Josef Maly
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Shi YX, Liu CX, Liu F, Zhang HM, Yu MM, Jin YH, Shang SM, Fu YX. Efficacy of Adherence-Enhancing Interventions for Immunosuppressive Therapy in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:578887. [PMID: 33192520 PMCID: PMC7606769 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.578887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immunosuppressant non-adherence is a widespread problem among solid organ recipients. With the newly published clinical trials, the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) based systematic review of adherence-enhancing interventions on immunosuppressant adherence in solid organ recipients has not been completed. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we compared the efficacy of adherence-enhancing interventions versus routine intervention, as performed with RCTs, on immunosuppressant adherence in solid organ transplantation recipients. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL full text, and PsycINFO were searched from database inception to December 2019. This review was conducted following the PRISMA’s reporting guidelines and according to the principles recommended by Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review. Results The search yielded 10,479 articles. A total of 27 articles (26 studies) with 715 participants were included in our analysis. Results from the meta-analysis revealed that as compared with that of the routine intervention group, the rates of overall adherence, dosing adherence, and timing adherence were significantly increased within the adherence-enhancing intervention group, with the pooled risk ratio (RR) of overall adherence = 1.17, [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07 to 1.28; p = 0.0006]; RR of dosing adherence = 1.21 (95% CI: 1.08 to 1.36, p = 0.001); RR of timing adherence = 1.16 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.29, p = 0.01). There was a significantly increased adherence score in the adherence-enhancing intervention group; however, no statistical significance on the immunosuppressant blood concentration was found between the two study groups. Results obtained from a subgroup analysis shown interventions led by a multidisciplinary team, both the assessment time at 6 months and 12 months demonstrated a significantly increased adherence rate in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions The findings of this report indicate that clinicians (doctors and nurses) should maintain a long-term intervention protocol to ensure immunosuppressant adherence within solid organ transplant recipients. To accomplish this goal, we recommend a multidisciplinary team-led, comprehensive intervention approach combined with mobile health monitoring for the administration of an effective immunosuppressive therapy regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xian Shi
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Xia Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Ming Zhang
- Liver Transplantation Center, Clinical Center for Pediatric Liver Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Ming Yu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yin-Hui Jin
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Ying-Xin Fu
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Abstract
Medication nonadherence (MNA) after solid organ transplantation is highly prevalent and associated with (late) (sub)clinical acute rejection, graft dysfunction and graft loss, development of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies, and antibody-mediated rejection. MNA is predominantly unintentional and originates from barriers to adherence that are often multifactorial and complex. Tools to establish an early diagnosis of MNA include incorporation of MNA as a vital sign in daily clinical practice, self-reporting using validated questionnaires, calculating intrapatient variability in drug exposure and applying electronic monitoring, and recent audio and video technologies such as in home telemonitoring. MNA is a modifiable risk factor after organ transplantation, and treatment is most effective if a multimodal approach is used. Management of MNA comprises education (cognitive) and counseling (behavioral) that require the involvement of a trained multidisciplinary team [ideally physician, nurse (specialist), social worker, transplant coordinator, psychologist, clinical pharmacist], electronic reminder and support systems (eg, Medication Event Monitoring System, smartphone), and different types of novel mobile health applications as well as simplification of the medication dosing regimen. Future studies that evaluate novel therapeutic approaches for MNA should assure the use of reliable MNA measures, focus on multimodal individualized therapy for enriched nonadherent target populations (eg, adolescents), and incorporate clinically relevant endpoints. Costs, time, and personnel investments should be taken into account when assessing scalability and cost-effectiveness of novel therapeutic strategies. This review provides suggestions how different types of transplant centers can set up a dedicated MNA program according to available resources to define and achieve realistic clinical goals in managing MNA.
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44
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Massey EK, Forsberg A. Dealing with uncertainty after transplantation in times of COVID‐19. Transpl Int 2020; 33:1337-1338. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma K. Massey
- Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Chair of Ethical, Legal, and Psychosocial Aspects of Transplantation (ELPAT), a section of the European Society for Organ Transplantation Padua Italy
| | - Anna Forsberg
- Institute of Health Sciences at Lund University Lund Sweden
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lund UniversitySkåne University Hospital Lund Sweden
- Chair of European Transplant Allied Healthcare Professionals (ETAHP), a section of the European Society for Organ Transplantation Padua Italy
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Monaco A, Manzia TM, Angelico R, Iaria G, Gazia C, Al Alawi Y, Fourtounas K, Tisone G, Cacciola R. Awareness and Impact of Non-pharmaceutical Interventions During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Renal Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:2607-2613. [PMID: 32773284 PMCID: PMC7373029 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The concerns generated by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are having profound impact on solid organ transplantation (SOT). Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) are currently the only measures available to contain COVID-19 in the general population and in more vulnerable recipients of any organ transplant. In this cross-sectional case control study from a patient survey undertaken in 2 transplant centers (TxC) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Italy, we aimed to appraise awareness of the NPI implemented by respective these governments. We have also evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on our kidney transplant (KT) recipients and a control group of kidney living donors (KLD). In our series, there were zero cases of COVID-19 among 111 KT recipients and 70 KLD of the control group. Demography, transplant type, immunosuppression regimes, and, importantly, the different COVID-19 prevalence in the 2 regions of the TxC did not appear to influence incidence of COVID-19 in our KT recipients. The absence of COVID-19 cases in our series was unexpected. Our findings suggest that awareness of NPI is associated with a successful containment of COVID-19 in vulnerable, immunosuppressed KT recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Monaco
- Department of Surgery Science, Transplant and HPB Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Maria Manzia
- Department of Surgery Science, Transplant and HPB Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Angelico
- Department of Surgery Science, Transplant and HPB Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Iaria
- Department of Surgery Science, Transplant and HPB Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Gazia
- Department of Surgery Science, Transplant and HPB Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Yousef Al Alawi
- King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Giuseppe Tisone
- Department of Surgery Science, Transplant and HPB Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Cacciola
- Department of Surgery Science, Transplant and HPB Unit, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Lupi D, Binda B, Montali F, Natili A, Lancione L, Chiappori D, Parzanese I, Maccarone D, Pisani F. Transplant Patients' Isolation and Social Distancing Because of COVID-19: Analysis of the Resilient Capacities of the Transplant in the Management of the Coronavirus Emergency. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:2626-2630. [PMID: 32553507 PMCID: PMC7260500 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background One of the peculiar aspects of the transplant patient’s life is that, in the post-surgery phase, the patient lives in an “isolation” condition, having to pay particular attention to the living environment and preferring a limited social life given that the immunosuppressive treatment entails immunodepression in the patient. With coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID)-19, as in a post-surgery situation, social isolation is being implemented. Materials and Methods The study started on March 17, 2020, and ended on April 24, 2020. Consulting/phone interviews were made. The phone questionnaire, submitted to 71 patients, consisted of a set of 15 questions that investigated structure and psychological resistance. Eight patients have been monitored exclusively for the psychological aspect through a more articulate supporting path. Results In essence, from the overall analysis of the data derived from the study of the positioning of patients based on the stage of renal function, the bands related to the development of psychopathological aspects, and the use of positive personal resources, it emerges that patients in stage V kidney failure are in the first bracket as regards the development of psychopathological aspects (absence of these experiences) and in the third bracket as regards the good use of positive resources to deal with isolation. Therefore, it can be deduced that, although with data that can be expanded, a serious or medium-serious situation from an organic point of view in this socio-health emergency situation is well addressed by the transplanted patient. Conclusion Transplant patients have faced the measure of social distancing adequately and in adherence to the treatment thanks to the phone assistance of all the medical-surgical and psychological team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lupi
- Centro Regionale Trapianti-Regione Abruzzo-Regione Molise, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Barbara Binda
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Generale e dei Trapianti d'Organo, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Filippo Montali
- Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Applicate e Biotecnologiche, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Natili
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Generale e dei Trapianti d'Organo, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Laura Lancione
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Generale e dei Trapianti d'Organo, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Chiappori
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Generale e dei Trapianti d'Organo, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Ida Parzanese
- Centro Regionale Trapianti-Regione Abruzzo-Regione Molise, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Daniela Maccarone
- Centro Regionale Trapianti-Regione Abruzzo-Regione Molise, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Pisani
- U.O.C. Chirurgia Generale e dei Trapianti d'Organo, L'Aquila, Italy
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Analysis of Psychopathologic Elements as a Compliance Limitation: Team Work as a Therapeutic Response. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:1577-1580. [PMID: 32439333 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The psychological evaluation of the patient, carried out through psychodiagnostic tests, clinical interviews, and a joint work with the medical-surgical team, provided useful information to assess the compliance of the kidney transplant recipient. METHODOLOGY Two hundred and forty-five visits were carried out between September 2018 and May 2019 in the General Surgery and Organ Transplant Department of the San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila. The visits consisted of clinical interviews, targeted psychodiagnostic evaluations, graphic-projective tests, and personality and cognitive structure evaluation tests. These assessments were key not only to defining the patient's personality picture but also to offering suitable psychological support to patients on waiting lists for transplantation, during hospitalization, and during follow-up visits from transplantation phases. RESULTS From the analysis of the tests and from the clinical and support interviews, some of the patients presented forms of psycho-emotional immaturity that impaired the predisposition to compliance and ultimately the establishment of the therapeutic alliance. During 8 months, 18 compliance limit cases were observed, 5 patients were sent to mental health centers, and 13 psychological support courses were activated within the Regional Transplant Center-Abruzzo Region Molise Region. No structured psychological support courses were deemed necessary for 9 of these 13 cases, whereas 4 were sent to the mental health centers. CONCLUSIONS By assessing the complexity of each patient from a medical and a psychological point of view and by considering the high number of transplant surgeries currently occurring, it can be noted that compliance to therapy is strongly linked to the reliability of the relationships between patients and caregivers.
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