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Bhat AA, Gupta G, Goyal A, Thapa R, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Kukreti N, Sekar M, Meenakshi DU, Singh SK, MacLoughlin R, Dua K. Unwinding circular RNA's role in inflammatory pulmonary diseases. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2567-2588. [PMID: 37917370 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02809-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression and cellular processes in various physiological and pathological conditions. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in investigating the role of circRNAs in inflammatory lung diseases, owing to their potential to modulate inflammation-associated pathways and contribute to disease pathogenesis. Inflammatory lung diseases, like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and COVID-19, pose significant global health challenges. The dysregulation of inflammatory responses demonstrates a pivotal function in advancing these diseases. CircRNAs have been identified as important players in regulating inflammation by functioning as miRNA sponges, engaging with RNA-binding proteins, and participating in intricate ceRNA networks. These interactions enable circRNAs to regulate the manifestation of key inflammatory genes and signaling pathways. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that specific circRNAs are differentially expressed in response to inflammatory stimuli and exhibit distinct patterns in various lung diseases. Their involvement in immune cell activation, cytokine production, and tissue remodeling processes underscores their possible capabilities as therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. Harnessing the knowledge of circRNA-mediated regulation in inflammatory lung diseases could lead to the development of innovative strategies for disease management and intervention. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of circRNAs in inflammatory lung diseases, focusing on their regulatory mechanisms and functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India.
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India
| | - Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura 302017, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- Research and Development, Aerogen Limited, IDA Business Park, Galway, Connacht, H91 HE94, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Leinster, D02 YN77, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Leinster, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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From sepsis to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): emerging preventive strategies based on molecular and genetic researches. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222737. [PMID: 32319516 PMCID: PMC7199454 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A healthy body activates the immune response to target invading pathogens (i.e. viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites) and avoid further systemic infection. The activation of immunological mechanisms includes several components of the immune system, such as innate and acquired immunity. Once any component of the immune response to infections is aberrantly altered or dysregulated, resulting in a failure to clear infection, sepsis will develop through a pro-inflammatory immunological mechanism. Furthermore, the severe inflammatory responses induced by sepsis also increase vascular permeability, leading to acute pulmonary edema and resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Apparently, potential for improvement exists in the management of the transition from sepsis to ARDS; thus, this article presents an exhaustive review that highlights the previously unrecognized relationship between sepsis and ARDS and suggests a direction for future therapeutic developments, including plasma and genetic pre-diagnostic strategies and interference with proinflammatory signaling.
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Identification of Key Pathways and Genes of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Specific Neutrophil Phenotype. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9528584. [PMID: 31531373 PMCID: PMC6720049 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9528584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite over 50 years of clinical and basic studies, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is still a critical challenge with high mortality worldwide. The severity of neutrophil activation was associated with disease severity. However, the detailed pathophysiology of the circulating polymorphonuclear neutrophil activation in ARDS remains unclear. To identify key pathways and genes in the ARDS-specific neutrophil phenotype distinct from sepsis, the datasets of blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) from patients with ARDS (GSE76293) and from sepsis patients (GSE49757) were chosen from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed using bioinformatics methods. A total of 220 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were overlapped between GSE49757 and GSE76293 in a Venn diagram. Pathway enrichment analysis results showed that DEGs in GSE76293 were mainly enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and AMPK signaling pathway relative to GSE49757. We identified 30 hub genes in the protein-protein interaction network. By comparing with GSE49757, we speculated that GAPDH, MAPK8, PIK3CB, and MMP9 may play important roles in the progression of ARDS-specific circulating neutrophil activation. The findings may provide novel insights into the development of promising targets for the diagnosis and treatment of ARDS in the future.
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Juss JK, House D, Amour A, Begg M, Herre J, Storisteanu DML, Hoenderdos K, Bradley G, Lennon M, Summers C, Hessel EM, Condliffe A, Chilvers ER. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Neutrophils Have a Distinct Phenotype and Are Resistant to Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Inhibition. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 194:961-973. [PMID: 27064380 PMCID: PMC5067816 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201509-1818oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Acute respiratory distress syndrome is refractory to pharmacological intervention. Inappropriate activation of alveolar neutrophils is believed to underpin this disease's complex pathophysiology, yet these cells have been little studied. OBJECTIVES To examine the functional and transcriptional profiles of patient blood and alveolar neutrophils compared with healthy volunteer cells, and to define their sensitivity to phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition. METHODS Twenty-three ventilated patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage. Alveolar and blood neutrophil apoptosis, phagocytosis, and adhesion molecules were quantified by flow cytometry, and oxidase responses were quantified by chemiluminescence. Cytokine and transcriptional profiling were used in multiplex and GeneChip arrays. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Patient blood and alveolar neutrophils were distinct from healthy circulating cells, with increased CD11b and reduced CD62L expression, delayed constitutive apoptosis, and primed oxidase responses. Incubating control cells with disease bronchoalveolar lavage recapitulated the aberrant functional phenotype, and this could be reversed by phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors. In contrast, the prosurvival phenotype of patient cells was resistant to phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition. RNA transcriptomic analysis revealed modified immune, cytoskeletal, and cell death pathways in patient cells, aligning closely to sepsis and burns datasets but not to phosphoinositide 3-kinase signatures. CONCLUSIONS Acute respiratory distress syndrome blood and alveolar neutrophils display a distinct primed prosurvival profile and transcriptional signature. The enhanced respiratory burst was phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent but delayed apoptosis and the altered transcriptional profile were not. These unexpected findings cast doubt over the utility of phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition in acute respiratory distress syndrome and highlight the importance of evaluating novel therapeutic strategies in patient-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder K. Juss
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David House
- Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit and
| | - Augustin Amour
- Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit and
| | - Malcolm Begg
- Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit and
| | - Jurgen Herre
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kim Hoenderdos
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Glyn Bradley
- Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom; and
| | - Mark Lennon
- Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom; and
| | - Charlotte Summers
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edith M. Hessel
- Refractory Respiratory Inflammation Discovery Performance Unit and
| | - Alison Condliffe
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edwin R. Chilvers
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is a ubiquitous iatrogenic clinical problem in critical care. Aside from avoiding large tidal volumes, little progress has been made in identifying effective clinical strategies to minimize this injury. With recent rapid development in bioinformatics and high-throughput molecular technology, the genetic basis of lung injury has been intensively investigated. This review will describe recent insights and potential therapies developed in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Much progress has been made in delineating the possible genes and gene products involved in VILI through various mechanisms such as early induced genes, capillary leak, apoptosis, fibrin deposition, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, disrupted angiogenesis, and neutrophil infiltration. Some studies have translated bench findings to the bedside in an attempt to identify clinically important genetic susceptibility, which could aid in the identification of at-risk individuals who might benefit from careful titration of mechanical ventilation. Genetic insights also provide candidate pharmaceutical approaches that may ameliorate VILI in the future. SUMMARY Much relevant information exists for investigators and clinicians interested in VILI. Future research will interlink evolving data to provide a more integrated picture of the molecular mechanisms involved in VILI enabling translation of the most promising candidate therapies.
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Chen H, Wang X. Significance of bioinformatics in research of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Clin Bioinforma 2011; 1:35. [PMID: 22185624 PMCID: PMC3285039 DOI: 10.1186/2043-9113-1-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by the progressive deterioration of pulmonary function and increasing airway obstruction, with high morality all over the world. The advent of high-throughput omics techniques provided an opportunity to gain insights into disease pathogenesis and process which contribute to the heterogeneity, and find target-specific and disease-specific therapies. As an interdispline, bioinformatics supplied vital information on integrative understanding of COPD. This review focused on application of bioinformatics in COPD study, including biomarkers searching and systems biology. We also presented the requirements and challenges in implementing bioinformatics to COPD research and interpreted these results as clinical physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Wu W, Kaminski N. Chronic lung diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 1:298-308. [PMID: 20835999 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases often have high morbidity and mortality rate and have posed a serious threat to human health. The incidence of many chronic lung diseases such as asthma has been on the rise in the past decade, which causes serious economic burden. Despite many efforts which employed traditional experimental approaches to elucidate the mechanisms of the diseases have been made, little is known about the pathogenesis of complex lung diseases. Systems biology approaches which aim to integrate and analyze information gathered from multiple sources offer a great opportunity to examine complex human diseases from a new angle. Many attempts have been made using high-throughput technologies such as microarrays to study chronic lung diseases; although compared with the full-fledged systems biology approach, research strategies employed in most of these investigations still have much room to improve, promising findings have already emerged from these efforts, which demonstrates the potential of implementing systems biology in pulmonary biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Mirzapoiazova T, Moitra J, Moreno-Vinasco L, Sammani S, Turner JR, Chiang ET, Evenoski C, Wang T, Singleton PA, Huang Y, Lussier YA, Watterson DM, Dudek SM, Garcia JGN. Non-muscle myosin light chain kinase isoform is a viable molecular target in acute inflammatory lung injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 44:40-52. [PMID: 20139351 PMCID: PMC3028257 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2009-0197oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and mechanical ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), major causes of acute respiratory failure with elevated morbidity and mortality, are characterized by significant pulmonary inflammation and alveolar/vascular barrier dysfunction. Previous studies highlighted the role of the non-muscle myosin light chain kinase isoform (nmMLCK) as an essential element of the inflammatory response, with variants in the MYLK gene that contribute to ALI susceptibility. To define nmMLCK involvement further in acute inflammatory syndromes, we used two murine models of inflammatory lung injury, induced by either an intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS model) or mechanical ventilation with increased tidal volumes (the VILI model). Intravenous delivery of the membrane-permeant MLC kinase peptide inhibitor, PIK, produced a dose-dependent attenuation of both LPS-induced lung inflammation and VILI (~50% reductions in alveolar/vascular permeability and leukocyte influx). Intravenous injections of nmMLCK silencing RNA, either directly or as cargo within angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) antibody-conjugated liposomes (to target the pulmonary vasculature selectively), decreased nmMLCK lung expression (∼70% reduction) and significantly attenuated LPS-induced and VILI-induced lung inflammation (∼40% reduction in bronchoalveolar lavage protein). Compared with wild-type mice, nmMLCK knockout mice were significantly protected from VILI, with significant reductions in VILI-induced gene expression in biological pathways such as nrf2-mediated oxidative stress, coagulation, p53-signaling, leukocyte extravasation, and IL-6-signaling. These studies validate nmMLCK as an attractive target for ameliorating the adverse effects of dysregulated lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Mirzapoiazova
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Jaideep Moitra
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Liliana Moreno-Vinasco
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Jerry R. Turner
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Eddie T. Chiang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Carrie Evenoski
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Patrick A. Singleton
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Yves A. Lussier
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - D. Martin Watterson
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Steven M. Dudek
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Pathology; Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago; Northwestern Medical School; and Institute for Personalized and Respiratory Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Illinois
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Marko NF, Weil RJ. Mathematical Modeling of Molecular Data in Translational Medicine: Theoretical Considerations. Sci Transl Med 2010; 2:56rv4. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Yerrapureddy A, Tobias J, Margulies SS. Cyclic stretch magnitude and duration affect rat alveolar epithelial gene expression. Cell Physiol Biochem 2009; 25:113-22. [PMID: 20054150 DOI: 10.1159/000272056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation with large tidal volumes can increase lung alveolar permeability and initiate inflammatory responses; but the mechanisms that regulate ventilator-associated lung injury and inflammation remain unclear. Analysis of the genomic response of the lung has been performed in intact lungs ventilated at large tidal volumes. This study is the first to study the genomic response of cultured primary alveolar epithelial cells undergoing large and moderate physiologic cyclic stretch. Responses were dependent on stretch magnitude and duration. Genomic expression was validated for 5 genes of interest: Amphiregulin, Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Catalytic subunit, Matrix Metalloproteinase 7, Protein Phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 10, and Serpine-1, and protein expression mirrored genomic responses. Differences between results reported from homogenized intact lungs and monolayers of alveolar epithelial cells with type-I like phenotype provide provocative evidence that the whole lung preparation may mask the response of individual cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Yerrapureddy
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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Ferrer-Alcón M, Arteta D, Guerrero MJ, Fernandez-Orth D, Simón L, Martinez A. The use of gene array technology and proteomics in the search of new targets of diseases for therapeutics. Toxicol Lett 2008; 186:45-51. [PMID: 19022361 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The advent of functional genomics has been greatly broadening our view and accelerating our way in numerous medical research fields. The complete genomic data acquired from the human genome project and the desperate clinical need of comprehensive analytical tools to study complex diseases, has allowed rapid evolution of genomic and proteomic technologies, speeding the rate and number of discoveries in new biomarkers. By jointly using genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics there is a great potential to make considerable contribution to biomarker identification and to revolutionize both the development of new therapies and drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Ferrer-Alcón
- Progenika Biopharma, S.A., Zamudio Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Vizcaya, Spain.
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