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Green-McKenzie J, Shofer FS, Kruse G, Momplaisir F, Brennan PJ, Kuter BJ. COVID-19 vaccine uptake before and after a vaccine mandate at a major academic hospital: Trends by race/ethnicity and level of patient contact. Vaccine 2023; 41:5441-5446. [PMID: 37517911 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess vaccine coverage rates before and after implementation of a COVID-19 vaccine mandate among Health care Personnel (HCP) and demographic characteristics associated with vaccine uptake Design, Setting, and Participants: Cohort study conducted among 10,889 hospital employees followed from Dec 16, 2020 - October 31, 2021, at a large academic hospital in Philadelphia. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES Time to COVID-19 vaccination and vaccine series completion rates before and after implementation of a COVID-19 vaccine mandate based on age, gender, race/ethnicity, and level of patient contact/occupational group. RESULTS The vaccination series completion rate was 86.0% prior to mandate announcement, and increased to 98.7% after mandate implementation. Rates before mandate announcement were highest among Asians (96.2%), Whites (94.0%), males (89.7%), employees ≥ 65 years of age (95.2%), and employees with direct patient care (physicians, 99.0%, and nurses, 93.3%). Hospital educational initiatives (including Town Halls and discussions with Black and Hispanic employees with the lowest vaccination rates) appeared to improve uptake. The largest increase in series completion after mandate announcement occurred among Blacks, those of other/multiracial backgrounds, and Hispanics (35.6%, 22.4%, and 10.8%, respectively) as well as those with some or no direct patient contact (24.5% and 18.3%, respectively). Medical or religious exemptions were approved for 64 (<0.6%) employees and 38 (<0.4%) left their positions (8 voluntary, 30 involuntary) specifically due to the COVID-19 vaccine mandate. No clinically meaningful differences by age, gender, or race/ethnicity for those who were vaccinated under the mandate versus those who left their positions were noted. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These results suggest that while mandates may be challenging to institutions and enforcement unpopular, they play an important role in reducing hesitancy and securing high vaccination rates among HCP, a group at high risk of COVID-19 given their employment and who can be a source of disease transmission to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Green-McKenzie
- Professor & Chief, Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, United States; Leonard Davis Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, United States.
| | - Frances S Shofer
- Director & Adjunct Professor of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, United States
| | - Gregory Kruse
- Associate Vice President of Strategic Operations, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, United States
| | - Florence Momplaisir
- Leonard Davis Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, United States; Assistant Professor, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, United States
| | - Patrick J Brennan
- Chief Medical Officer and Senior Vice President, University of Pennsylvania Health System, United States
| | - Barbara J Kuter
- Visiting Research Scientist, Vaccine Education Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
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Impact of implementing a technology platform in community pharmacies to increase adult immunizations rates. Vaccine 2018; 37:56-60. [PMID: 30471954 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the course of this project, we utilized pharmacists at 159 community pharmacies in Nebraska and Iowa to administer vaccinations to adults 19 years of age or older with the objective of improving immunization rates in both states. We implemented a pharmacy-based technology platform and partnered with public health via the state immunization registries of both states to ensure that immunizations provided at the pharmacy were transmitted to the statewide registry, for which reporting is currently voluntary for health care providers. After using the technology platform for one year, an increase of immunization rates for influenza, herpes zoster, and pertussis vaccination rates by 37%, 12%, and 74%, respectively, was recorded in comparison to the prior year numbers. However, there was about 16% decrease in vaccination rates for pneumococcal vaccine. For the first time, the project's participating pharmacies in Nebraska reported immunization counts to their state's immunization registries. This project leveraged community pharmacies as healthcare destinations to achieve further gains in increasing immunization rates, improving the health of adults, and creating a community-wide network for prevention.
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3
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Seale H. Don't forget healthcare workers are required to have other mandatory immunizations, so why isn't the influenza vaccination included? Expert Rev Respir Med 2018; 12:805-807. [PMID: 30106607 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2018.1512410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly Seale
- a School of Public Health and Community Medicine , UNSW Australia , Sydney , Australia
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4
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Graitcer SB, Kim D, Lindley M. Comprehensive efforts to increase healthcare personnel immunization. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014; 10:2625-6. [PMID: 25483469 DOI: 10.4161/hv.36090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination of healthcare personnel (HCP) is an important component of worker and patient safety, yet vaccination rates are lagging. The findings from Taddei et al.'s study of healthcare personnel immunization attitudes and practices in Florence, Italy provides further data of the importance of routine assessment of and recommendations for vaccines for HCP in order to improve coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel B Graitcer
- a Immunization Services Division ; National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ; Atlanta , GA USA
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5
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Gruben V, Siemieniuk RA, McGeer A. Health care workers, mandatory influenza vaccination policies and the law. CMAJ 2014; 186:1076-80. [PMID: 24863919 PMCID: PMC4188651 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.140035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Gruben
- Faculty of Common Law (Gruben), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Internal Medicine (Siemieniuk), University of Toronto; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (McGeer), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Reed A Siemieniuk
- Faculty of Common Law (Gruben), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Internal Medicine (Siemieniuk), University of Toronto; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (McGeer), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
| | - Allison McGeer
- Faculty of Common Law (Gruben), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Internal Medicine (Siemieniuk), University of Toronto; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (McGeer), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
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6
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A systematic review of mandatory influenza vaccination in healthcare personnel. Am J Prev Med 2014; 47:330-40. [PMID: 25145618 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Influenza is a major cause of patient morbidity. Mandatory influenza vaccination of healthcare personnel (HCP) is increasingly common yet has uncertain clinical impact. This study systematically examines published evidence of the benefits and harm of influenza vaccine mandates. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Science Citation Index Expanded, and Conference Proceedings Citations Index were searched and analyzed in 2013. Studies must have assessed the effect of a requirement of influenza vaccination among HCP for continued employment or clinical practice. Studies were not limited by comparison group, outcome, language, or study design. Two reviewers independently abstracted data and assessed bias risk. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Twelve observational studies were included in the study from 778 citations. Following implementation of a vaccine mandate, vaccination rates increased in all eight studies reporting this outcome, exceeding 94%. Three studies documented increased vaccination rates in hospitals with mandates compared to those without (p<0.001 for all comparisons). Two single-institution studies reported limited, inconclusive results on absenteeism among HCP. No studies reported on clinical outcomes among patients. Medical and religious exemptions and terminations or voluntary resignations were rare. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from observational studies suggests that a vaccine mandate increases vaccination rates, but evidence on clinical outcomes is lacking. Although challenging, large healthcare employers planning to implement a mandate should develop a strategy to evaluate HCP and patient outcomes. Further studies documenting the impact of HCP influenza vaccination on clinical outcomes would inform decisions on the use of mandatory vaccine policies in HCP.
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7
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Update on immunizations for healthcare personnel in the United States. Vaccine 2014; 32:4869-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Winston L, Wagner S, Chan S. Healthcare workers under a mandated H1N1 vaccination policy with employment termination penalty: a survey to assess employee perception. Vaccine 2014; 32:4786-90. [PMID: 24996124 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The ethical debate over mandatory healthcare worker (HCW) influenza vaccination is a heated one. Our study hospital instituted a mandatory employee influenza vaccination policy for the 2009-2010 influenza season during the highly publicized pandemic of the H1N1 "Swine Flu." Under this mandate there was no informed declination option, and termination of employment was the consequence for noncompliance. Our objective was to examine HCW perceptions of the H1N1 influenza virus, the vaccine, and the strict mandated vaccination policy. A survey was designed, distributed, and anonymously collected. In total, 202 completed questionnaires were obtained via accidental sampling by the investigators achieving a 100% response rate. Data analysis showed that 31.7% of surveyed HCWs felt the mandate was an infringement on their rights and 3.5% of HCWs would electively seek employment elsewhere. Significantly more nurses and clerks/technicians were opposed to the mandate compared to other types of employees. 96% felt that the mandating hospital should be liable should a significant adverse effect occur from receiving the vaccine. While the mandate helped to increase HCW influenza vaccination rates dramatically, the strict consequence of employment termination created negative feelings of coercion. Adopting a policy that includes a declination option with mandatory masking during influenza season might be a more widely acceptable and still adequate approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Winston
- CEP America, Kaweah Delta Health Care District, Visalia, CA, United States; University of California at Irvine and American University of Antigua, United States.
| | - Stephanie Wagner
- Infinity Healthcare, Sacred Heart Hospital Eau Claire, WI, United States
| | - Shu Chan
- Presence Resurrection Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States; University of Illinois at Chicago, United States
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Khodyakov D, Uscher-Pines L, Lorick SA, Lindley MC, Shier V, Harris K. A qualitative analysis of the impact of healthcare personnel influenza vaccination requirements in California. Vaccine 2014; 32:3082-7. [PMID: 23845810 PMCID: PMC5763491 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using qualitative methods, we explored the implementation of California's 2007 influenza immunization requirements of hospital-based health care personnel (HCP). METHODS We conducted nine case studies of California hospitals with different HCP vaccination rates and policies. Case studies consisted of interviewing 13 hospital representatives and analyzing relevant hospital documents, including influenza policies. We also conducted 13 semi-structured phone interviews with key state and county public health officials, union representatives, and officials of various professional healthcare organizations. RESULTS Our qualitative results suggest that California's vaccination requirements likely did not increase influenza vaccination uptake among HCP. The law was not strong enough to compel hospitals with low and medium vaccination rates to improve their vaccination efforts, and hospitals with high vaccination rates were able to comply fully with the law by continuing to do what they were already doing - namely offering vaccinations to HCP, providing education about the risks of influenza and the benefits of vaccination, and obtaining signed declinations from those who refuse vaccination. Nonetheless, we found that by publicly raising the issue of influenza vaccination in the context of public safety and healthcare quality, California's law encouraged hospitals to develop and implement data systems to monitor the effectiveness of vaccination promotion efforts and prompted discussions, and, in some cases, adoption of stricter vaccination requirements at hospital or county levels. CONCLUSIONS Our findings generally support the literature that suggests that permissive influenza vaccination requirements, though politically feasible, provide little direct incentive for hospitals to focus efforts on increasing HCP vaccination rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Megan C Lindley
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Lim YC, Seale H. Examining the views of key stakeholders regarding the provision of occupational influenza vaccination for healthcare workers in Australia. Vaccine 2013; 32:606-10. [PMID: 24291538 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Annual vaccination of hospital healthcare workers (HCWs) may be an effective measure to reduce the transmission of healthcare associated influenza. However, vaccine coverage rates among HCWs in most public Australian hospitals are below satisfactory for a number of reasons. This study aimed to examine the opinions of key health stakeholders on current issues regarding HCW influenza vaccination. A qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews was undertaken with key Australian health stakeholders representing different organizations and sectors involved in influenza vaccination and policy. Amongst the participants, there was overwhelming support for HCW influenza vaccination. They viewed vaccination as one of the most important preventive measures for healthcare associated influenza and generally agreed that vaccination of HCWs reduces the overall risk of transmission to patients. However, there were contradictory attitudes regarding the evidence available for justifying the impact of vaccinating HCWs against influenza. Amongst the stakeholders interviewed, there was support for continuing to promote influenza vaccination for HCWs via the conventional framework. Participants recommended that hospitals continue to use conventional, voluntary strategies to increase vaccine coverage such as education and mobile carts. Given that the World Health Organization has included HCWs as a target group for influenza vaccination, Australian hospitals may need to start considering the use of mandatory policies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen Lim
- UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Holly Seale
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia.
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11
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Zimmerman RK. Ethical analyses of institutional measures to increase health care worker influenza vaccination rates. Vaccine 2013; 31:6172-6. [PMID: 24188752 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Health care worker (HCW) influenza vaccination rates are modest. This paper provides a detailed ethical analysis of the major options to increase HCW vaccination rates, comparing how major ethical theories would address the options. The main categories of interventions to raise rates include education, incentives, easy access, competition with rewards, assessment and feedback, declination, mandates with alternative infection control measures, and mandates with administrative action as consequences. The aforementioned interventions, except mandates, arouse little ethical controversy. However, these efforts are time and work intensive and rarely achieve vaccination rates higher than about 70%. The primary concerns voiced about mandates are loss of autonomy, injustice, lack of due process, and subsuming the individual for institutional ends. Proponents of mandates argue that they are ethical based on beneficence, non-maleficence, and duty. A number of professional associations support mandates. Arguments by analogy can be made by mandates for HCW vaccination against other diseases. The ethical systems used in the analyses include evolutionary ethics, utilitarianism, principalism (autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice), Kantism, and altruism. Across these systems, the most commonly preferred options are easy access, assessment and feedback, declinations, and mandates with infection control measures as consequences for non-compliance. Given the ethical imperatives of non-maleficence and beneficence, the limited success of lower intensive interventions, and the need for putting patient safety ahead of HCW convenience, mandates with additional infection control measures as consequences for non-compliance are preferred. For those who opt out of vaccination due to conscience concerns, such mandates provide a means to remain employed but not put patient safety at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard K Zimmerman
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, 3518 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States.
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Lindley MC, Lorick SA, Geevarughese A, Lee SJ, Makvandi M, Miller BL, Nace DA, Smith C, Ahmed F. Evaluating a standardized measure of healthcare personnel influenza vaccination. Am J Prev Med 2013; 45:297-303. [PMID: 23953356 PMCID: PMC4659379 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methods of measuring influenza vaccination of healthcare personnel (HCP) vary substantially, as do the groups of HCP that are included in any given set of measurements. Thus, comparison of vaccination rates across healthcare facilities is difficult. PURPOSE The goal of the study was to determine the feasibility of implementing a standardized measure for reporting HCP influenza vaccination data in various types of healthcare facilities. METHODS A total of 318 facilities recruited in four U.S. jurisdictions agreed to participate in the evaluation, including hospitals, long-term care facilities, dialysis clinics, ambulatory surgery centers, and physician practices. HCP in participating facilities were categorized as employees, credentialed non-employees, or other non-employees using standard definitions. Data were gathered using cross-sectional web-based surveys completed at three intervals between October 2010 and May 2011; data were analyzed in February 2012. RESULTS 234 facilities (74%) completed all three surveys. Most facilities could report on-site employee vaccination; almost one third could not provide complete data on HCP vaccinated outside the facility, contraindications, or declinations, primarily due to missing non-employee data. Inability to determine vaccination status of credentialed and other non-employees was cited as a major barrier to measure implementation by 24% and 27% of respondents, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Using the measure to report employee vaccination status was feasible for most facilities; tracking non-employee HCP was more challenging. Based on evaluation findings, the measure was revised to limit the types of non-employees included. Although the revised measure is less comprehensive, it is more likely to produce valid vaccination coverage estimates. Use of this standardized measure can inform quality improvement efforts and facilitate comparison of HCP influenza vaccination among facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C Lindley
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
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Nowalk MP, Lin CJ, Raymund M, Bialor J, Zimmerman RK. Impact of hospital policies on health care workers' influenza vaccination rates. Am J Infect Control 2013; 41:697-701. [PMID: 23422232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overall annual influenza vaccination rate has slowly increased among health care workers but still remains below the national goal of 90%. METHODS To compare hospitals that mandate annual health care worker (HCW) influenza vaccination with and without consequences for noncompliance, a 34-item survey was mailed to an infection control professional in 964 hospitals across the United States in 4 waves. Respondents were grouped by presence of a hospital policy that required annual influenza vaccination of HCWs with and without consequences for noncompliance. Combined with hospital characteristics from the American Hospital Association, data were analyzed using χ(2) or Fisher exact tests for categorical variables and t tests for continuous variables. RESULTS One hundred fifty hospitals required influenza vaccination, 84 with consequences (wear a mask, termination, education, restriction from patient care duties, unpaid leave) and 66 without consequences for noncompliance. Hospitals whose mandates have consequences for noncompliance included a broader range of personnel, were less likely to allow personal belief exemptions, or to require formal declination. The change in vaccination rates in hospitals with mandates with consequences (19.5%) was nearly double that of the hospitals with mandates without consequences (11%; P=.002). Presence of a state law regulating HCW influenza vaccination was associated with an increase in rates for mandates with consequences nearly 3 times the increase for mandates without consequences. CONCLUSION Hospital mandates for HCW influenza vaccination with consequences for noncompliance are associated with larger increases in HCW influenza vaccination rates than mandates without such consequences.
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Paris B, Arahood T, Asche C, Amundson G. Voluntary reporting of health care personnel seasonal influenza vaccination rates and the impact of universal policies in Illinois hospitals. Vaccine 2013. [PMID: 23176977 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In 2009, voluntary public reporting of hospital health care personnel (HCP) vaccination rates began in Illinois. We describe our experience over 3 influenza seasons and examine the impact universal policies have had on performance. METHODS A secure website was used to report monthly HCP vaccination rates by each participating hospital. Overall and individual hospital performance was publicly reported each month. RESULTS In the first two seasons, there were 11 hospitals reporting with an average end of season rate of 76% (2009-2010) and 81% (2010-2011). In the 2011-2012 season, there were 22 hospitals reporting, 9 of which had a new universal policy for HCP influenza vaccination. The average 2011-2012 end of season rate was 72% for hospitals with a voluntary program and 95% for hospitals with a universal policy. HCP were also vaccinated earlier in the influenza season when a universal policy was in place, providing greater benefit over time. CONCLUSION Public reporting of HCP influenza vaccination rates may contribute to implementation of universal employee vaccination policies. Hospitals with universal policies have higher vaccination rates than those with voluntary vaccination programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Paris
- Quality Quest for Health of Illinois, Peoria, IL 61602, USA.
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Orenstein WA, Gellin BG, Buck T, Jackson LA, LaRussa PS, Mason JO, McCormick M, Morita J, Mouton C, Nevin-Woods C, Pisani A, Tan L(LJ, Torres C, Stenvig TE, Viswanath K, Hetherington S, Lewin C. Strategies to Achieve the Healthy People 2020 Annual Influenza Vaccine Coverage Goal for Health-Care Personnel: Recommendations from the National Vaccine Advisory Committee. Public Health Rep 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/003335491312800103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruce G. Gellin
- Director, National Vaccine Program Office, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC Public Members
| | | | - Lisa A. Jackson
- Center for Health Studies, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Marie McCormick
- Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Boston, MA
| | - Julia Morita
- Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL
| | - Charles Mouton
- Meharry Medical College, Dean School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | | | - Catherine Torres
- State of New Mexico, Cabinet Secretary of Health for New Mexico, Santa Fe, NM
| | | | - Kasisomayajula Viswanath
- Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Society, Human Development, and Health, Boston, MA
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Increases in vaccination coverage of healthcare personnel following institutional requirements for influenza vaccination: A national survey of US hospitals. Vaccine 2011; 29:9398-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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