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Nwabufo CK, Aigbogun OP. The Role of Mass Spectrometry Imaging in Pharmacokinetic Studies. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:811-827. [PMID: 36048000 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2119900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Although liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry is the gold standard analytical platform for the quantification of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers in biological samples, it cannot localize them in target tissues.The localization and quantification of drugs and/or their associated metabolites in target tissues is a more direct measure of bioavailability, biodistribution, efficacy, and regional toxicity compared to the traditional substitute studies using plasma.Therefore, combining high spatial resolution imaging functionality with the superior selectivity and sensitivity of mass spectrometry into one analytical technique will be a valuable tool for targeted localization and quantification of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers.Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a tagless analytical technique that allows for the direct localization and quantification of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers in biological tissues, and has been used extensively in pharmaceutical research.The overall goal of this current review is to provide a detailed description of the working principle of MSI and its application in pharmacokinetic studies encompassing absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity processes, followed by a discussion of the strategies for addressing the challenges associated with the functional utility of MSI in pharmacokinetic studies that support drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwunonso K Nwabufo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Omozojie P Aigbogun
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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2
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Detection and characterization of simvastatin and its metabolites in rat tissues and biological fluids using MALDI high resolution mass spectrometry approach. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4757. [PMID: 35306510 PMCID: PMC8934354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin (SV) is a hypolipidemic agent, and it is the 2nd most widely prescribed lipid-lowering drug. Here, the detection and characterization of SV and its metabolites was studied in selected organs/tissues (lung, liver, brain, heart and kidney) and biological samples (blood, urine and feces) of rats. MALDI Orbitrap MS was used as a high-resolution mass analyzer. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) and 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) were used as matrices. Several sample loading methods onto the MALDI plate were attempted and dried droplet method was found to be superior. Two different cell disruption methods, pulverization and homogenization, were also evaluated for the optimum sensitivity in MALDI. Pulverization allowed the detection of more metabolites in all organs except the liver, where homogenization led to the detection of more metabolites. Altogether, 13 metabolites were detected, and one metabolite tentatively identified as a reduced product is being reported for the first time. SV and its metabolites were distributed to all the tissues studied except the brain. Overall, the results implied that the pulverized samples were more uniform and larger in surface area, resulting in their more efficient and complete extraction during sample preparation. As shown in the present study, MALDI Orbitrap MS is a useful tool to study drug and metabolite detection and characterization.
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Noun M, Akoumeh R, Abbas I. Cell and Tissue Imaging by TOF-SIMS and MALDI-TOF: An Overview for Biological and Pharmaceutical Analysis. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2022; 28:1-26. [PMID: 34809729 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927621013593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The potential of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been demonstrated in cell and tissue research since 1970. MSI can reveal the spatial distribution of a wide range of atomic and molecular ions detected from biological sample surfaces, it is a powerful and valuable technique used to monitor and detect diverse chemical and biological compounds, such as drugs, lipids, proteins, and DNA. MSI techniques, notably matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), witnessed a dramatic upsurge in studying and investigating biological samples especially, cells and tissue sections. This advancement is attributed to the submicron lateral resolution, the high sensitivity, the good precision, and the accurate chemical specificity, which make these techniques suitable for decoding and understanding complex mechanisms of certain diseases, as well as monitoring the spatial distribution of specific elements, and compounds. While the application of both techniques for the analysis of cells and tissues is thoroughly discussed, a briefing of MALDI-TOF and TOF-SIMS basis and the adequate sampling before analysis are briefly covered. The importance of MALDI-TOF and TOF-SIMS as diagnostic tools and robust analytical techniques in the medicinal, pharmaceutical, and toxicology fields is highlighted through representative published studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manale Noun
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rayane Akoumeh
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Imane Abbas
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission - NCSR, Beirut, Lebanon
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4
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Mass spectrometry imaging in drug distribution and drug metabolism studies – Principles, applications and perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Acquavia MA, Foti L, Pascale R, Nicolò A, Brancaleone V, Cataldi TRI, Martelli G, Scrano L, Bianco G. Detection and quantification of Covid-19 antiviral drugs in biological fluids and tissues. Talanta 2021; 224:121862. [PMID: 33379073 PMCID: PMC7642756 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started as a fast-spreading pandemic, causing a huge number of deaths worldwide, several therapeutic options have been tested to counteract or reduce the clinical symptoms of patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, no specific drugs for COVID-19 are available, but many antiviral agents have been authorised by several national agencies. Most of them are under investigation in both preclinical and clinical trials; however, pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies are needed to identify the most suitable dose to achieve the desired effect on SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the efforts of the scientific community have focused on the screening of therapies able to counteract the most severe effects of the infection, as well as on the search of sensitive and selective analytical methods for drug detection in biological matrices, both fluids and tissues. In the last decade, many analytical methods have been proposed for the detection and quantification of antiviral compounds currently being tested for COVID-19 treatment. In this review, a critical discussion on the overall analytical procedure is provided, i.e (a) sample pre-treatment and extraction methods such as protein precipitation (PP), solid-phase extraction (SPE), liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe), (b) detection and quantification methods such as potentiometry, spectrofluorimetry and mass spectrometry (MS) as well as (c) methods including a preliminary separation step, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to UV-Vis or MS detection. Further current trends, advantages and disadvantages and prospects of these methods have been discussed, to help the analytical advances in reducing the harm caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Acquavia
- Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10-85100, Potenza, Italy; ALMAGISI S.r.l Corso Italia, 27-39100, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Luca Foti
- Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10-85100, Potenza, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Pascale
- Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10-85100, Potenza, Italy.
| | - Antonia Nicolò
- Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10-85100, Potenza, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Brancaleone
- Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10-85100, Potenza, Italy.
| | - Tommaso R I Cataldi
- Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento di Chimica, Via E. Orabona, 4-70126, Bari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Martelli
- Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10-85100, Potenza, Italy.
| | - Laura Scrano
- Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Dipartimento Delle Culture Europee e Del Mediterraneo: Arch., Ambiente, Patrimoni Culturali, Via Lanera, 20-75100, Matera, Italy.
| | - Giuliana Bianco
- Università Degli Studi Della Basilicata, Dipartimento di Scienze, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10-85100, Potenza, Italy.
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6
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Mahmud I, Garrett TJ. Mass Spectrometry Techniques in Emerging Pathogens Studies: COVID-19 Perspectives. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:2013-2024. [PMID: 32880453 PMCID: PMC7496948 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
As corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly growing public health crisis across the world, our knowledge of meaningful diagnostic tests and treatment for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is still evolving. This novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 can be diagnosed using RT-PCR, but inadequate access to reagents, equipment, and a nonspecific target has slowed disease detection and management. Precision medicine, individualized patient care, requires suitable diagnostics approaches to tackle the challenging aspects of viral outbreaks where many tests are needed in a rapid and deployable approach. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based technologies such as proteomics, glycomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics have been applied in disease outbreaks for identification of infectious disease agents such as virus and bacteria and the molecular phenomena associated with pathogenesis. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) is widely used in clinical diagnostics in the United States and Europe for bacterial pathogen identification. Paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS), a rapid ambient MS technique, has recently open a new opportunity for future clinical investigation to diagnose pathogens. Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based metabolomics and lipidomics have been employed in large-scale biomedical research to discriminate infectious pathogens and uncover biomarkers associated with pathogenesis. PCR-MS has emerged as a new technology with the capability to directly identify known pathogens from the clinical specimens and the potential to identify genetic evidence of undiscovered pathogens. Moreover, miniaturized MS offers possible applications with relatively fast, highly sensitive, and potentially portable ways to analyze for viral compounds. However, beneficial aspects of these rapidly growing MS technologies in pandemics like COVID-19 outbreaks has been limited. Hence, this perspective gives a brief of the existing knowledge, current challenges, and opportunities for MS-based techniques as a promising avenue in studying emerging pathogen outbreaks such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Pathology, Immunology,
and Laboratory Medicine, University of
Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
32610, United States
- Southeast Center for Integrated
Metabolomics (SECIM), Clinical and Translational Science Institute,
University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32610, United States
- University of Florida Health,
University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32610, United States
| | - Timothy J. Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology,
and Laboratory Medicine, University of
Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
32610, United States
- Southeast Center for Integrated
Metabolomics (SECIM), Clinical and Translational Science Institute,
University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32610, United States
- University of Florida Health,
University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32610, United States
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7
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Goodwin RJA, Takats Z, Bunch J. A Critical and Concise Review of Mass Spectrometry Applied to Imaging in Drug Discovery. SLAS DISCOVERY 2020; 25:963-976. [PMID: 32713279 DOI: 10.1177/2472555220941843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has become a robust and versatile methodology to support modern pharmaceutical research and development. The technologies provide data on the biodistribution, metabolism, and delivery of drugs in tissues, while also providing molecular maps of endogenous metabolites, lipids, and proteins. This allows researchers to make both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic measurements at cellular resolution in tissue sections or clinical biopsies. Despite drug imaging within samples now playing a vital role within research and development (R&D) in leading pharmaceutical companies, however, the challenges in turning compounds into medicines continue to evolve as rapidly as the technologies used to discover them. The increasing cost of development of new and emerging therapeutic modalities, along with the associated risks of late-stage program attrition, means there is still an unmet need in our ability to address an increasing array of challenging bioanalytical questions within drug discovery. We require new capabilities and strategies of integrated imaging to provide context for fundamental disease-related biological questions that can also offer insights into specific project challenges. Integrated molecular imaging and advanced image analysis have the opportunity to provide a world-class capability that can be deployed on projects in which we cannot answer the question with our battery of established assays. Therefore, here we will provide an updated concise review of the use of MSI for drug discovery; we will also critically consider what is required to embed MSI into a wider evolving R&D landscape and allow long-lasting impact in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J A Goodwin
- Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.,Institute of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Zoltan Takats
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.,The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Josephine Bunch
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.,The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire, UK.,National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, London, UK
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8
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Sugiyama E, Skelly AN, Suematsu M, Sugiura Y. In situ imaging of monoamine localization and dynamics. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 208:107478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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9
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Dexter A, Steven RT, Patel A, Dailey LA, Taylor AJ, Ball D, Klapwijk J, Forbes B, Page CP, Bunch J. Imaging drugs, metabolites and biomarkers in rodent lung: a DESI MS strategy for the evaluation of drug-induced lipidosis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:8023-8032. [PMID: 31776643 PMCID: PMC6920235 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Within drug development and pre-clinical trials, a common, significant and poorly understood event is the development of drug-induced lipidosis in tissues and cells. In this manuscript, we describe a mass spectrometry imaging strategy, involving repeated analysis of tissue sections by DESI MS, in positive and negative polarities, using MS and MS/MS modes. We present results of the detected distributions of the administered drug, drug metabolites, lipid molecules and a putative marker of lipidosis, di-docosahexaenoyl (22:6)-bis(monoacylglycerol) phosphate (di-22:6-BMP). A range of strategies have previously been reported for detection, isolation and identification of this compound, which is an isomer of di-docosahexaenoic (22:6 n-3) phosphatidylglycerol (di-22:6 PG), a commonly found lipid that acts as a surfactant in lung tissues. We show that MS imaging using MS/MS can be used to differentiate these compounds of identical mass, based upon the different distributions of abundant fragment ions. Registration of images of these fragments, and detected drugs and metabolites, is presented as a new method for studying drug-induced lipidosis in tissues. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Dexter
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, London, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Rory T Steven
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, London, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Aateka Patel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Lea Ann Dailey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06108, Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Adam J Taylor
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, London, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Doug Ball
- Immunoinflammation TAU, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Jan Klapwijk
- Immunoinflammation TAU, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Ben Forbes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Clive P Page
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Josephine Bunch
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, London, TW11 0LW, UK.
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, SW7 1LY, UK.
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10
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Ruepp S, Janovitz E, Brodie T, White R, Santella J, Hynes J, Carman J, Pan D, Wu Y, Hanumegowda U, Gemzik B, Megill J, DiPiero J, Drexler D, Su CC, Hageman M. Assessing the risk of drug crystallization in vivo. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2018; 96:1-8. [PMID: 30553974 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low intrinsic solubility leading to poor oral bioavailability is a common challenge in drug discovery that can often be overcome by formulation strategies, however, it remains a potential limitation that can pose challenges for early risk assessment and represent a significant obstacle to drug development. We identified a selective inhibitor (BMS-986126) of the IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) with favorable properties as a lead candidate, but with unusually low intrinsic solubility of <1 μg/mL. METHODS Conventional histopathology identified the issue of crystal formation in vivo. Subsequent investigative work included confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy, MALDI-MS, polarized light microscopy of fresh wet-mount tissue scrapings and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS BMS-986126 was advanced into a 2-week toxicology study in rats. The main finding in this study was minimal granulomatous inflammation in the duodenum, associated with the presence of birefringent crystals at the highest dosage of 100 mg/kg/day. Considering the safety margin, and the single location of the lesion, BMS-986126 was further progressed into IND-enabling toxicology studies where tolerability deteriorated with increasing dosing duration. Birefringent crystals and granulomatous inflammation were detected in multiple organs at dosages ≥20 mg/kg/day. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the identity of the crystals as BMS-986126. Therefore, follow up investigations were conducted to further characterize drug crystallization and to evaluate detection methods for their potential to reliably detect in vivo crystallization early. DISCUSSION The purpose of our efforts was to identify critical factors influencing in vivo drug crystallization and to provide a preliminary assessment (based on one compound) which method would be best suited for identifying crystals. Results indicated a combination of methods was required to provide a complete assessment of drug crystallization and that a simple technique, scraping of freshly collected tissue followed by evaluation under polarizing light was suitable for detecting crystals. However, dosing for 2 weeks was required for crystals to grow to a clearly detectable size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ruepp
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Evan Janovitz
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Thomas Brodie
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Randy White
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph Santella
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - John Hynes
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Julie Carman
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Duohai Pan
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Yang Wu
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT, USA
| | - Umesh Hanumegowda
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT, USA; ViiV Healthcare, Wallingford, CT, USA
| | - Brian Gemzik
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - John Megill
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Janet DiPiero
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Dieter Drexler
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT, USA
| | - Ching-Chiang Su
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Hageman
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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Ntshangase S, Shobo A, Kruger HG, Asperger A, Niemeyer D, Arvidsson PI, Govender T, Baijnath S. The downfall of TBA-354 - a possible explanation for its neurotoxicity via mass spectrometric imaging. Xenobiotica 2017; 48:938-944. [PMID: 28859520 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1375168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
1. TBA-354 was a promising antitubercular compound with activity against both replicating and static Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), making it the focal point of many clinical trials conducted by the TB Alliance. However, findings from these trials have shown that TBA-354 results in mild signs of reversible neurotoxicity; this left the TB Alliance with no other choice but to stop the research. 2. In this study, mass spectrometric methods were used to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and spatial distribution of TBA-354 in the brain using a validated liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) and mass spectrometric imaging (MSI), respectively. Healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats received intraperitoneal (i.p.) doses of TBA-354 (20 mg/kg bw). 3. The concentrationtime profiles showed a gradual absorption and tissue penetration of TBA-354 reaching the Cmax at 6 h post dose, followed by a rapid elimination. MSI analysis showed a time-dependent drug distribution, with highest drug concentration mainly in the neocortical regions of the brain. 4. The distribution of TBA-354 provides a possible explanation for the motor dysfunction observed in clinical trials. These results prove the importance of MSI as a potential tool in preclinical evaluations of suspected neurotoxic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sphamandla Ntshangase
- a Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Adeola Shobo
- a Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Hendrik G Kruger
- a Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | | | | | - Per I Arvidsson
- a Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa.,c Science for Life Laboratory, Drug Discovery & Development Platform & Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Development of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Thavendran Govender
- a Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Sooraj Baijnath
- a Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban , South Africa
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12
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Parmar KM, Gaikwad SL, Dhakephalkar PK, Kothari R, Singh RP. Intriguing Interaction of Bacteriophage-Host Association: An Understanding in the Era of Omics. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:559. [PMID: 28439260 PMCID: PMC5383658 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Innovations in next-generation sequencing technology have introduced new avenues in microbial studies through “omics” approaches. This technology has considerably augmented the knowledge of the microbial world without isolation prior to their identification. With an enormous volume of bacterial “omics” data, considerable attempts have been recently invested to improve an insight into virosphere. The interplay between bacteriophages and their host has created a significant influence on the biogeochemical cycles, microbial diversity, and bacterial population regulation. This review highlights various concepts such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to infer the phylogenetic affiliation and function of bacteriophages and their impact on diverse microbial communities. Omics technologies illuminate the role of bacteriophage in an environment, the influences of phage proteins on the bacterial host and provide information about the genes important for interaction with bacteria. These investigations will reveal some of bio-molecules and biomarkers of the novel phage which demand to be unveiled.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ramesh Kothari
- Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra UniversityRajkot, India
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13
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Visualisation of abscisic acid and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid in immature Phaseolus vulgaris L. seeds using desorption electrospray ionisation-imaging mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42977. [PMID: 28211480 PMCID: PMC5314351 DOI: 10.1038/srep42977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and the jasmonic acid related-compound 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) play crucial roles in seed development, dormancy, and germination. However, a lack of suitable techniques for visualising plant hormones has restricted the investigation of their biological mechanisms. In the present study, desorption electrospray ionisation-imaging mass spectrometry (DESI-IMS), a powerful tool for visualising metabolites in biological tissues, was used to visualise ABA and OPDA in immature Phaseolus vulgaris L. seed sections. The mass spectra, peak values and chemical formulae obtained from the analysis of seed sections were consistent with those determined for ABA and OPDA standards, as were the precursor and major fragment ions observed in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) imaging. Furthermore, the precursor and fragment ion images showed similar distribution patterns. In addition, the localisation of ABA and OPDA using DESI-IMS was confirmed using liquid chromatography-MS/MS (LC-MS/MS). The results indicated that ABA was mainly distributed in the radical and cotyledon of the embryo, whereas OPDA was distributed exclusively in external structures, such as the hilum and seed coat. The present study is the first to report the visualisation of plant hormones using IMS, and demonstrates that DESI-IMS is a promising technique for future plant hormone research.
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14
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Abstract
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI) Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) is fast becoming an industry leading technique as a means of investigating the distributions of protein and peptide molecules directly from sections of tissue. Developing protocols for the analysis of FFPE tissue opens up numerous opportunities for novel biomarker discovery, due to the large number of tissue banks containing FFPE biopsy samples. This chapter reports the analysis of both fresh frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues using such protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Patel
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Howard Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK.
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15
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Abstract
Over the last decade mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been integrated in to many areas of drug discovery and development. It can have significant impact in oncology drug discovery as it allows efficacy and safety of compounds to be assessed against the backdrop of the complex tumour microenvironment. We will discuss the roles of MSI in investigating compound and metabolite biodistribution and defining pharmacokinetic -pharmacodynamic relationships, analysis that is applicable to all drug discovery projects. We will then look more specifically at how MSI can be used to understand tumour metabolism and other applications specific to oncology research. This will all be described alongside the challenges of applying MSI to industry research with increased use of metrology for MSI.
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16
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Karlsson O, Hanrieder J. Imaging mass spectrometry in drug development and toxicology. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:2283-2294. [PMID: 27933369 PMCID: PMC5429351 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades, imaging mass spectrometry has gained significant relevance in biomedical research. Recent advances in imaging mass spectrometry have paved the way for in situ studies on drug development, metabolism and toxicology. In contrast to whole-body autoradiography that images the localization of radiolabeled compounds, imaging mass spectrometry provides the possibility to simultaneously determine the discrete tissue distribution of the parent compound and its metabolites. In addition, imaging mass spectrometry features high molecular specificity and allows comprehensive, multiplexed detection and localization of hundreds of proteins, peptides and lipids directly in tissues. Toxicologists traditionally screen for adverse findings by histopathological examination. However, studies of the molecular and cellular processes underpinning toxicological and pathologic findings induced by candidate drugs or toxins are important to reach a mechanistic understanding and an effective risk assessment strategy. One of IMS strengths is the ability to directly overlay the molecular information from the mass spectrometric analysis with the tissue section and allow correlative comparisons of molecular and histologic information. Imaging mass spectrometry could therefore be a powerful tool for omics profiling of pharmacological/toxicological effects of drug candidates and toxicants in discrete tissue regions. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of imaging mass spectrometry, with particular focus on MALDI imaging mass spectrometry, and its use in drug development and toxicology in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Karlsson
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Drug Safety and Toxicology, Uppsala University, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jörg Hanrieder
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Hospital, House V, 431 80, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N, UK
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17
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Chen X, Hatsis P, Judge J, Argikar UA, Ren X, Sarber J, Mansfield K, Liang G, Amaral A, Catoire A, Bentley A, Ramos L, Moench P, Hintermann S, Carcache D, Glick J, Flarakos J. Compound Property Optimization in Drug Discovery Using Quantitative Surface Sampling Micro Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:11813-11820. [PMID: 27797491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Surface sampling micro liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SSμLC-MS/MS) was explored as a quantitative tissue distribution technique for probing compound properties in drug discovery. A method was developed for creating standard curves using surrogate tissue sections from blank tissue homogenate spiked with compounds. The resulting standard curves showed good linearity and high sensitivity. The accuracy and precision of standards met acceptance criteria of ±30%. A new approach was proposed based on an experimental and mathematical method for tissue extraction efficiency evaluation by means of consecutively sampling a location on tissue twice by SSμLC-MS/MS. The observed extraction efficiency ranged from 69% to 82% with acceptable variation for the test compounds. Good agreement in extraction efficiency was observed between surrogate tissue sections and incurred tissue sections. This method was successfully applied to two case studies in which tissue distribution was instrumental in advancing project teams' understanding of compound properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Panos Hatsis
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 1 Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936 United States
| | | | | | - Xiaojun Ren
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 1 Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936 United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre Catoire
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 1 Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936 United States
| | - Adam Bentley
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 1 Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936 United States
| | - Luis Ramos
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 1 Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936 United States
| | - Paul Moench
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 1 Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936 United States
| | - Samuel Hintermann
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Carcache
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jim Glick
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 1 Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936 United States
| | - Jimmy Flarakos
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc. 1 Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936 United States
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18
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Trim PJ, Snel MF. Small molecule MALDI MS imaging: Current technologies and future challenges. Methods 2016; 104:127-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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19
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Biological Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (DESI MS) – unequivocal role of crucial ionization factors, solvent system and substrates. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Abstract
During the last decade, lateral and temporal localization of drug compounds and their metabolites have been demonstrated and dynamically developed using MS imaging. The pharmaceutical industry has recognized the potential of the technology that provides simultaneous distribution and quantitative data. In this review, we present the latest technological achievements and summarize applications of drug imaging focusing on studies about metabolites by MALDI-MS imaging. We also introduce potential areas with pharmaceutical applications that are currently under exploration, including pharmacological, toxicological characterizations and metabolic enzyme localization in comparison with drug and metabolite distribution.
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21
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Mitchell CA, Donaldson M, Francese S, Clench MR. MALDI MSI analysis of lipid changes in living skin equivalents in response to emollient creams containing palmitoylethanolamide. Methods 2016; 104:93-100. [PMID: 26845462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool for the study of intact tissue sections. The use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation (MALDI) MSI for the study of the distribution and effect of emollient treatment on sections of reconstructed living skin equivalents during their development and maturation is described. Living skin equivalent (LSE) samples were obtained at 14days development, re-suspended in maintenance medium and incubated for 24h after delivery. The medium was changed, the LSE treated with either Physiogel A.I.® or Oilatum Junior® emollients and then re-incubated and samples taken at 4, 6 and 24h time points. Mass spectra and mass spectral images were recorded from 12μm sections of the LSE taken at each time point for comparison using MALDI mass spectrometry (MS). It was possible to detect ions characteristic of each emollient in the LSE. In addition a number of lipid species previously reported as being significant in the maturation of the LSE were observable. At the 24h time point, the images revealed what appeared to be differences in the organisation of the skin cells observed across the Physiogel A.I.® treatment group tissue sections when directly compared to the untreated tissue group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Mitchell
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael Donaldson
- Stiefel A GSK Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Stockley Park West, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB1 1BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Simona Francese
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom.
| | - Malcolm R Clench
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom.
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22
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Crouch RK, Koutalos Y, Kono M, Schey K, Ablonczy Z. A2E and Lipofuscin. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 134:449-63. [PMID: 26310170 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipofuscin is highly fluorescent material, formed in several tissues but best studied in the eye. The accumulation of lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a hallmark of aging in the eye and has been implicated in various retinal degenerations, including age-related macular degeneration. The bis-retinoid N-retinyl-N-retinylidene ethanolamine (A2E), formed from retinal, has been identified as a byproduct of the visual cycle, and numerous in vitro studies have found toxicity associated with this compound. The compound is known to accumulate in the RPE with age and was the first identified compound extracted from lipofuscin. Our studies have correlated the distribution of lipofuscin and A2E across the human and mouse RPE. Lipofuscin fluorescence was imaged in the RPE from human donors of various ages and from assorted mouse models. The spatial distribution of A2E was determined using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization imaging mass spectrometry on both flat-mounted and transversally sectioned RPE tissue. Our data support the clinical observations in humans of strong RPE fluorescence, increasing with age, in the central area of the RPE. However, there was no correlation between the distribution of A2E and lipofuscin, as the levels of A2E were highest in the far periphery and decreased toward the central region. Interestingly, in all the mouse models, A2E distribution and lipofuscin fluorescence correlate well. These data demonstrate that the accumulation of A2E is not responsible for the increase in lipofuscin fluorescence observed in the central RPE with aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie K Crouch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Albert Florens Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
| | - Yiannis Koutalos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Albert Florens Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Masahiro Kono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Albert Florens Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin Schey
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zsolt Ablonczy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Albert Florens Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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23
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MALDI Imaging mass spectrometry: current frontiers and perspectives in pathology research and practice. J Transl Med 2015; 95:422-31. [PMID: 25621874 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2014.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
MALDI Imaging mass spectrometry has entered the field of tissue-based research by providing unique advantages for analyzing tissue specimen in an unprecedented detail. A broad spectrum of analytes ranging from proteins, peptides, protein modification over small molecules, drugs and their metabolites as well as pharmaceutical components, endogenous cell metabolites, lipids, and other analytes are made accessible by this in situ technique in tissue. Some of them were even not accessible in tissues within the histological context before. Thereby, the great advantage of MALDI Imaging is the correlation of molecular information with traditional histology by keeping the spatial localization information of the analytes after mass spectrometric measurement. This method is label-free and allows multiplex analysis of hundreds to thousands of molecules in the very same tissue section simultaneously. Imaging mass spectrometry brings a new quality of molecular data and links the expert discipline of pathology and deep molecular mass spectrometric analysis to tissue-based research. This review will focus on state-of-the-art of MALDI Imaging mass spectrometry, its recent applications by analyzing tissue specimen and the contributions in understanding the biology of disease as well as its perspectives for pathology research and practice.
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24
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In situ drug and metabolite analysis [corrected] in biological and clinical research by MALDI MS imaging. Bioanalysis 2015; 6:1241-53. [PMID: 24946924 DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years the analysis in mass spectrometry (MS) [corrected] imaging has been expanded to detect a wide variety of low molecular weight compounds (LMWC), including exogenous and endogenous compounds. The high sensitivity and selectivity of MS imaging combined with visualization of molecular spatial distribution in tissues, makes it a valuable [corrected] platform in targeted drug and untargeted metabolomic analysis [corrected] in biological and clinical research. Here, we review the current and potential applications of MALDI MS imaging in these areas. The aim of advancing MALDI MS imaging in the field of LMWC is to support clinical applications by understanding drug and drug-metabolite distribution, investigating toxicity and discovering [corrected] new biomarkers.
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25
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Barry JA, Groseclose MR, Robichaud G, Castellino S, Muddiman DC. Assessing drug and metabolite detection in liver tissue by UV-MALDI and IR-MALDESI mass spectrometry imaging coupled to FT-ICR MS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 377:448-155. [PMID: 26056514 PMCID: PMC4456684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Determining the distribution of a drug and its metabolites within tissue is a key facet of evaluating drug candidates. Drug distribution can have a significant implication in appraising drug efficacy and potential toxicity. The specificity and sensitivity of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) make it a perfect complement to the analysis of drug distributions in tissue. The detection of lapatinib as well as several of its metabolites in liver tissue was determined by MSI using infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) coupled to high resolving power Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometers. IR-MALDESI required minimal sample preparation while maintaining high sensitivity. The effect of the electrospray solvent composition on IR-MALDESI MSI signal from tissue analysis was investigated and an empirical comparison of IR-MALDESI and UV-MALDI for MSI analysis is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A. Barry
- W.M. Keck FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - M. Reid Groseclose
- Department of Drug Metabolism& Pharmacokinetics, Platform Science & Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Guillaume Robichaud
- W.M. Keck FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Stephen Castellino
- Department of Drug Metabolism& Pharmacokinetics, Platform Science & Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - David C. Muddiman
- W.M. Keck FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
- Author for Correspondence David C. Muddiman, Ph.D. W.M. Keck FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Laboratory Department of Chemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 Phone: 919-513-0084 Fax: 919-513-7993
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26
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Nilsson A, Goodwin RJA, Shariatgorji M, Vallianatou T, Webborn PJH, Andrén PE. Mass Spectrometry Imaging in Drug Development. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1437-55. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504734s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nilsson
- Biomolecular
Imaging and Proteomics, National Center for Mass Spectrometry Imaging,
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591 BMC, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Richard J. A. Goodwin
- Drug Safety & Metabolism, Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca, Darwin Building 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB4 OWG, U.K
| | - Mohammadreza Shariatgorji
- Biomolecular
Imaging and Proteomics, National Center for Mass Spectrometry Imaging,
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591 BMC, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Theodosia Vallianatou
- Biomolecular
Imaging and Proteomics, National Center for Mass Spectrometry Imaging,
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591 BMC, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter J. H. Webborn
- Drug Safety & Metabolism, Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca, Darwin Building 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB4 OWG, U.K
| | - Per E. Andrén
- Biomolecular
Imaging and Proteomics, National Center for Mass Spectrometry Imaging,
Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591 BMC, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
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27
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Barry JA, Robichaud G, Bokhart MT, Thompson C, Sykes C, Kashuba AD, Muddiman DC. Mapping antiretroviral drugs in tissue by IR-MALDESI MSI coupled to the Q Exactive and comparison with LC-MS/MS SRM assay. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:2038-47. [PMID: 24744212 PMCID: PMC4201889 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the coupling of the IR-MALDESI imaging source with the Q Exactive mass spectrometer. IR-MALDESI MSI was used to elucidate the spatial distribution of several HIV drugs in cervical tissues that had been incubated in either a low or high concentration. Serial sections of those analyzed by IR-MALDESI MSI were homogenized and analyzed by LC-MS/MS to quantify the amount of each drug present in the tissue. By comparing the two techniques, an agreement between the average intensities from the imaging experiment and the absolute quantities for each drug was observed. This correlation between these two techniques serves as a prerequisite to quantitative IR-MALDESI MSI. In addition, a targeted MS(2) imaging experiment was also conducted to demonstrate the capabilities of the Q Exactive and to highlight the added selectivity that can be obtained with SRM or MRM imaging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A. Barry
- W.M. Keck FT Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Guillaume Robichaud
- W.M. Keck FT Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Mark T. Bokhart
- W.M. Keck FT Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Corbin Thompson
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Craig Sykes
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Angela D.M. Kashuba
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - David C. Muddiman
- W.M. Keck FT Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
- Author for Correspondence: David C. Muddiman, Ph.D., W.M. Keck FT Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, Phone: 919-513-0084, Fax: 919-513-7993,
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28
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Quantitative mass spectrometry imaging of emtricitabine in cervical tissue model using infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:2073-84. [PMID: 25318460 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative mass spectrometry imaging (QMSI) technique using infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) is demonstrated for the antiretroviral (ARV) drug emtricitabine in incubated human cervical tissue. Method development of the QMSI technique leads to a gain in sensitivity and removal of interferences for several ARV drugs. Analyte response was significantly improved by a detailed evaluation of several cationization agents. Increased sensitivity and removal of an isobaric interference was demonstrated with sodium chloride in the electrospray solvent. Voxel-to-voxel variability was improved for the MSI experiments by normalizing analyte abundance to a uniformly applied compound with similar characteristics to the drug of interest. Finally, emtricitabine was quantified in tissue with a calibration curve generated from the stable isotope-labeled analog of emtricitabine followed by cross-validation using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The quantitative IR-MALDESI analysis proved to be reproducible with an emtricitabine concentration of 17.2 ± 1.8 μg/gtissue. This amount corresponds to the detection of 7 fmol/voxel in the IR-MALDESI QMSI experiment. Adjacent tissue slices were analyzed using LC-MS/MS which resulted in an emtricitabine concentration of 28.4 ± 2.8 μg/gtissue.
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29
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Abstract
To fully understand the drug mechanism of action of new chemical entities, pharmacologists need to acquire confident and precise data in pharmacokinetics and in pharmacodynamics and build strong pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships. Target engagement in evaluating new chemical entities provides the basis for treatment efficacy. Classical technologies are sometimes limited or inefficient to provide these precise data; however, label-free MS imaging technology is able to provide these molecular features, spatial distributions, quantification and metabolomics data. Important considerations for imaging biological sections are described. Various applications in pharmacology are presented across different therapeutic areas, where MS imaging answers crucial drug discovery and preclinical development needs.
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30
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Quantitative whole-body autoradiography, LC-MS/MS and MALDI for drug-distribution studies in biological samples: the ultimate matrix trilogy. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:377-91. [PMID: 24471957 DOI: 10.4155/bio.13.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug-development process requires an understanding of the ADME properties of the novel therapeutic agent. Determination of drug concentrations and identity in excreta (urine and feces) examines the products of these processes. Similar measurements made on plasma, while accurately determining exposure, show only what is being transported around the body. Both activities fail to confirm the nature of components at the pharmacologically relevant matrix - the tissue. Attention is therefore being directed towards methods that can be employed to address this lack in our current methodologies, to provide better quality data on which risk assessments can be made, so that pharmacological models can be refined, and drug safety improved. In this article, we will look at the current methods used to obtain tissue drug and drug metabolite concentrations, and their potential use in drug discovery.
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31
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Arribat Y, Talmat-Amar Y, Paucard A, Lesport P, Bonneaud N, Bauer C, Bec N, Parmentier ML, Benigno L, Larroque C, Maurel P, Maschat F. Systemic delivery of P42 peptide: a new weapon to fight Huntington's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2014; 2:86. [PMID: 25091984 PMCID: PMC4149238 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-014-0086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Huntington’s disease (HD), the ratio between normal and mutant Huntingtin (polyQ-hHtt) is crucial in the onset and progression of the disease. As a result, addition of normal Htt was shown to improve polyQ-hHtt-induced defects. Therefore, we recently identified, within human Htt, a 23aa peptide (P42) that prevents aggregation and polyQ-hHtt-induced phenotypes in HD Drosophila model. In this report, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of P42 in a mammalian model of the disease, R6/2 mice. Results To this end, we developed an original strategy for P42 delivery, combining the properties of the cell penetrating peptide TAT from HIV with a nanostructure-based drug delivery system (Aonys® technology), to form a water-in-oil microemulsion (referred to as NP42T) allowing non-invasive per mucosal buccal/rectal administration of P42. Using MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry, we verified the correct targeting of NP42T into the brain, after per mucosal administration. We then evaluated the effects of NP42T in R6/2 mice. We found that P42 (and/or derivatives) are delivered into the brain and target most of the cells, including the neurons of the striatum. Buccal/rectal daily administrations of NP42T microemulsion allowed a clear improvement of behavioural HD-associated defects (foot-clasping, rotarod and body weights), and of several histological markers (aggregation, astrogliosis or ventricular areas) recorded on brain sections. Conclusions These data demonstrate that NP42T presents an unprecedented protective effect, and highlight a new therapeutic strategy for HD, associating an efficient peptide with a powerful delivery technology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40478-014-0086-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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32
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Nakanishi T, Nirasawa T, Takubo T. Quantitative Mass Barcode-Like Image of Nicotine in Single Longitudinally Sliced Hair Sections from Long-Term Smokers by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Imaging. J Anal Toxicol 2014; 38:349-53. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bku032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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33
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Seeley EH, Wilson KJ, Yankeelov TE, Johnson RW, Gore JC, Caprioli RM, Matrisian LM, Sterling JA. Co-registration of multi-modality imaging allows for comprehensive analysis of tumor-induced bone disease. Bone 2014; 61:208-16. [PMID: 24487126 PMCID: PMC4005328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastases are a clinically significant problem that arises in approximately 70% of metastatic breast cancer patients. Once established in the bone, tumor cells induce changes in the bone microenvironment that lead to bone destruction, pain, and significant morbidity. While much is known about the later stages of bone disease, less is known about the earlier stages or the changes in protein expression in the tumor micro-environment. Due to promising results of combining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry (MALDI IMS) ion images in the brain, we developed methods for applying these modalities to models of tumor-induced bone disease in order to better understand the changes in protein expression that occur within the tumor-bone microenvironment. Specifically, we integrated 3-dimensional-volume reconstructions of spatially resolved MALDI IMS with high-resolution anatomical and diffusion weighted MRI data and histology in an intratibial model of breast tumor-induced bone disease. This approach enables us to analyze proteomic profiles from MALDI IMS data with corresponding in vivo imaging and ex vivo histology data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that these three modalities have been rigorously registered in the bone. The MALDI mass-to-charge ratio peaks indicate differential expression of calcyclin, ubiquitin, and other proteins within the tumor cells, while peaks corresponding to hemoglobin A and calgranulin A provided molecular information that aided in the identification of areas rich in red and white blood cells, respectively. This multi-modality approach will allow us to comprehensively understand the bone-tumor microenvironment and thus may allow us to better develop and test approaches for inhibiting bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin H Seeley
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kevin J Wilson
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rachelle W Johnson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John C Gore
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Richard M Caprioli
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lynn M Matrisian
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Julie A Sterling
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Rapid and simultaneous in situ assessment of aflatoxins and stilbenes using silica plate imprinting mass spectrometry imaging. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90901. [PMID: 24595464 PMCID: PMC3942477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A fast and direct combination of techniques for simultaneous mycotoxin and phytoalexin identification in peanut skin and kernel is described. Silica Plate Imprinting Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (SPILDI-MSI) is a powerful technique that exhibits great advantages, such as solvent-free and matrix-free characteristics, as well as no sample preparation or separation steps. It also permits accurate identification of mycotoxins and phytoalexins with unique fingerprint profiles in just a few seconds. Results are expressed as chemical images of the 4 identified types of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) and a stilbenoid (resveratrol). Also, SPILDI-MSI allows the comparison between the spatial distribution of aflatoxins and resveratrol found in kernel and skin. This novel application has proven to be useful for instantaneous qualitative assessment of aflatoxins and stilbenoids both in the peanut skin and kernel and offers precise tracking of fungal contamination in nuts and other foodstuffs.
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35
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A critical evaluation of the current state-of-the-art in quantitative imaging mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:1275-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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36
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Le CH, Han J, Borchers CH. Dithranol as a matrix for matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging on a fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. J Vis Exp 2013:e50733. [PMID: 24300588 DOI: 10.3791/50733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) determines the spatial localization and distribution patterns of compounds on the surface of a tissue section, mainly using MALDI (matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization)-based analytical techniques. New matrices for small-molecule MSI, which can improve the analysis of low-molecular weight (MW) compounds, are needed. These matrices should provide increased analyte signals while decreasing MALDI background signals. In addition, the use of ultrahigh-resolution instruments, such as Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometers, has the ability to resolve analyte signals from matrix signals, and this can partially overcome many problems associated with the background originating from the MALDI matrix. The reduction in the intensities of the metastable matrix clusters by FTICR MS can also help to overcome some of the interferences associated with matrix peaks on other instruments. High-resolution instruments such as the FTICR mass spectrometers are advantageous as they can produce distribution patterns of many compounds simultaneously while still providing confidence in chemical identifications. Dithranol (DT; 1,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracen-9-one) has previously been reported as a MALDI matrix for tissue imaging. In this work, a protocol for the use of DT for MALDI imaging of endogenous lipids from the surfaces of mammalian tissue sections, by positive-ion MALDI-MS, on an ultrahigh-resolution hybrid quadrupole FTICR instrument has been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong H Le
- University of Victoria-Genome BC Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria
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37
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Calligaris D, Norton I, Feldman DR, Ide JL, Dunn IF, Eberlin LS, Cooks RG, Jolesz FA, Golby AJ, Santagata S, Agar NY. Mass spectrometry imaging as a tool for surgical decision-making. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2013; 48:1178-87. [PMID: 24259206 PMCID: PMC3957233 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in image-guided therapy, surgeons are still too often left with uncertainty when deciding to remove tissue. This binary decision between removing and leaving tissue during surgery implies that the surgeon should be able to distinguish tumor from healthy tissue. In neurosurgery, current image-guidance approaches such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with neuronavigation offer a map as to where the tumor should be, but the only definitive method to characterize the tissue at stake is histopathology. Although extremely valuable information is derived from this gold standard approach, it is limited to very few samples during surgery and is not practically used for the delineation of tumor margins. The development and implementation of faster, comprehensive, and complementary approaches for tissue characterization are required to support surgical decision-making--an incremental and iterative process with tumor removed in multiple and often minute biopsies. The development of atmospheric pressure ionization sources makes it possible to analyze tissue specimens with little to no sample preparation. Here, we highlight the value of desorption electrospray ionization as one of many available approaches for the analysis of surgical tissue. Twelve surgical samples resected from a patient during surgery were analyzed and diagnosed as glioblastoma tumor or necrotic tissue by standard histopathology, and mass spectrometry results were further correlated to histopathology for critical validation of the approach. The use of a robust statistical approach reiterated results from the qualitative detection of potential biomarkers of these tissue types. The correlation of the mass spectrometry and histopathology results to MRI brings significant insight into tumor presentation that could not only serve to guide tumor resection, but that is also worthy of more detailed studies on our understanding of tumor presentation on MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Calligaris
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Isaiah Norton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Daniel R. Feldman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Jennifer L. Ide
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Ian F. Dunn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Livia S. Eberlin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - R. Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Ferenc A. Jolesz
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Alexandra J. Golby
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115
| | - Nathalie Y. Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Corresponding author: Dr. Nathalie Y.R. Agar Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115. , +1617/525-7374
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38
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Qualitative and quantitative mass spectrometry imaging of drugs and metabolites in tissue at therapeutic levels. Histochem Cell Biol 2013; 140:93-104. [PMID: 23881163 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-013-1127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a rapidly evolving technology that yields qualitative and quantitative distribution maps of small pharmaceutical-active molecules and their metabolites in tissue sections in situ. The simplicity, high sensitivity and ability to provide comprehensive spatial distribution maps of different classes of biomolecules make MSI a valuable tool to complement histopathology for diagnostics and biomarker discovery. In this review, qualitative and quantitative MSI of drugs and metabolites in tissue at therapeutic levels are discussed and the impact of this technique in drug discovery and clinical research is highlighted.
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39
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Liu X, Weaver EM, Hummon AB. Evaluation of therapeutics in three-dimensional cell culture systems by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 85:6295-302. [PMID: 23724927 PMCID: PMC4118837 DOI: 10.1021/ac400519c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug penetration into solid tumors is critical for the effectiveness of clinical chemotherapy. Failing to consider the efficiency of drug penetration can lead to fatal recurrence in many cancers. Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures have served as an important model system and have contributed to valuable assays in drug discovery studies. However, limited methodologies result in incomplete evaluation of the distribution of many anticancer drugs. As a proof-of-concept study, we have applied matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) in HCT 116 colon carcinoma multicellular spheroids to assess the distribution of the anticancer drug, irinotecan. The time-dependent penetration of irinotecan was visualized and the localization of three metabolites as well as the parent drug in treated spheroids was mapped. To validate the identities of the metabolites, we analyzed extracts from drug-treated spheroids using nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS). Ten metabolites were identified with nLC-MS/MS, including those detected by MALDI IMS. This novel approach allows the measurement of drug penetration and distribution in 3D culture mimics and provides a more cost and time-effective approach for the testing of new pharmaceuticals compared to animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Eric M. Weaver
- University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Amanda B. Hummon
- University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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40
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Weaver EM, Hummon AB. Imaging mass spectrometry: from tissue sections to cell cultures. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1039-55. [PMID: 23571020 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) has been a useful tool for investigating protein, peptide, drug and metabolite distributions in human and animal tissue samples for almost 15years. The major advantages of this method include a broad mass range, the ability to detect multiple analytes in a single experiment without the use of labels and the preservation of biologically relevant spatial information. Currently the majority of IMS experiments are based on imaging animal tissue sections or small tumor biopsies. An alternative method currently being developed is the application of IMS to three-dimensional cell and tissue culture systems. With new advances in tissue culture and engineering, these model systems are able to provide increasingly accurate, high-throughput and cost-effective models that recapitulate important characteristics of cell and tissue growth in vivo. This review will describe the most recent advances in IMS technology and the bright future of applying IMS to the field of three-dimensional cell and tissue culture.
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41
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Lanekoff I, Thomas M, Carson JP, Smith JN, Timchalk C, Laskin J. Imaging nicotine in rat brain tissue by use of nanospray desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 85:882-9. [PMID: 23256596 DOI: 10.1021/ac302308p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry offers simultaneous spatially resolved detection of drugs, drug metabolites, and endogenous substances in a single experiment. This is important when evaluating effects of a drug on a complex organ system such as the brain, where there is a need to understand how regional drug distribution impacts function. Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization, nano-DESI, is a new ambient technique that enables spatially resolved analysis of a variety of samples without special sample pretreatment. This study introduces an experimental approach for accurate spatial mapping of drugs and metabolites in tissue sections by nano-DESI imaging. In this approach, an isotopically labeled standard is added to the nano-DESI solvent to compensate for matrix effects and ion suppression. The analyte image is obtained by normalizing the analyte signal to the signal of the standard in each pixel. We demonstrate that the presence of internal standard enables online quantification of analyte molecules extracted from tissue sections. Ion images are subsequently mapped to the anatomical brain regions in the analyzed section by use of an atlas mesh deformed to match the optical image of the section. Atlas-based registration accounts for the physical variability between animals, which is important for data interpretation. The new approach was used for mapping the distribution of nicotine in rat brain tissue sections following in vivo drug administration. We demonstrate the utility of nano-DESI imaging for sensitive detection of the drug in tissue sections with subfemtomole sensitivity in each pixel of a 27 μm × 150 μm area. Such sensitivity is necessary for spatially resolved detection of low-abundance molecules in complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingela Lanekoff
- Chemical and Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
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42
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Pirman DA, Kiss A, Heeren RMA, Yost RA. Identifying tissue-specific signal variation in MALDI mass spectrometric imaging by use of an internal standard. Anal Chem 2012; 85:1090-6. [PMID: 23214468 DOI: 10.1021/ac3029618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Generating analyte-specific distribution maps of compounds in a tissue sample by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) has become a useful tool in numerous areas across the biological sciences. Direct analysis of the tissue sample provides MS images of an analyte's distribution with minimal sample pretreatment. The technique, however, suffers from the inability to account for tissue-specific variations in ion signal. The variation in the makeup of different tissue types can result in significant differences in analyte extraction, cocrystallization, and ionization across a sample. In this study, a deuterated internal standard was used to account for these signal variations. Initial experiments were performed using pure standards and optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT) to generate known areas of ion suppression. By monitoring the analyte-to-internal-standard ratio, differences in ion signal were taken into account, resulting in images that better represented the analyte concentration. These experiments were then replicated using multiple tissue types in which the analyte's MS signal was monitored. In certain tissues, including liver and kidney, the analyte signal was attenuated by up to 90%; however, when the analyte-to-internal-standard ratio was monitored, these differences were taken into account. These experiments further exemplify the need for an internal standard in the MSI workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Pirman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32607, USA
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43
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44
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Nilsson A, Forngren B, Bjurström S, Goodwin RJA, Basmaci E, Gustafsson I, Annas A, Hellgren D, Svanhagen A, Andrén PE, Lindberg J. In situ mass spectrometry imaging and ex vivo characterization of renal crystalline deposits induced in multiple preclinical drug toxicology studies. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47353. [PMID: 23110069 PMCID: PMC3479109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug toxicity observed in animal studies during drug development accounts for the discontinuation of many drug candidates, with the kidney being a major site of tissue damage. Extensive investigations are often required to reveal the mechanisms underlying such toxicological events and in the case of crystalline deposits the chemical composition can be problematic to determine. In the present study, we have used mass spectrometry imaging combined with a set of advanced analytical techniques to characterize such crystalline deposits in situ. Two potential microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 inhibitors, with similar chemical structure, were administered to rats over a seven day period. This resulted in kidney damage with marked tubular degeneration/regeneration and crystal deposits within the tissue that was detected by histopathology. Results from direct tissue section analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging were combined with data obtained following manual crystal dissection analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The chemical composition of the crystal deposits was successfully identified as a common metabolite, bisulphonamide, of the two drug candidates. In addition, an un-targeted analysis revealed molecular changes in the kidney that were specifically associated with the area of the tissue defined as pathologically damaged. In the presented study, we show the usefulness of combining mass spectrometry imaging with an array of powerful analytical tools to solve complex toxicological problems occurring during drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nilsson
- Medical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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45
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White MY, Edwards AVG, Cordwell SJ, Van Eyk JE. Mitochondria: A mirror into cellular dysfunction in heart disease. Proteomics Clin Appl 2012; 2:845-61. [PMID: 21136884 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200780135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the single most significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The emerging global impact of CV disease means that the goals of early diagnosis and a wider range of treatment options are now increasingly pertinent. As such, there is a greater need to understand the molecular mechanisms involved and potential targets for intervention. Mitochondrial function is important for physiological maintenance of the cell, and when this function is altered, the cell can begin to suffer. Given the broad range and significant impacts of the cellular processes regulated by the mitochondria, it becomes important to understand the roles of the proteins associated with this organelle. Proteomic investigations of the mitochondria are hampered by the intrinsic properties of the organelle, including hydrophobic mitochondrial membranes; high proportion of basic proteins (pI greater than 8.0); and the relative dynamic range issues of the mitochondria. For these reasons, many proteomic studies investigate the mitochondria as a discrete subproteome. Once this has been achieved, the alterations that result in functional changes with CV disease can be observed. Those alterations that lead to changes in mitochondrial function, signaling and morphology, which have significant implications for the cardiomyocyte in the development of CV disease, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Y White
- School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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46
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Le CH, Han J, Borchers CH. Dithranol as a MALDI Matrix for Tissue Imaging of Lipids by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8391-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301901s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuong H. Le
- University of Victoria-Genome
BC Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Vancouver Island Technology Park, 3101−4464 Markham Street,
Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and
Microbiology, University of Victoria, 3800
Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Jun Han
- University of Victoria-Genome
BC Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Vancouver Island Technology Park, 3101−4464 Markham Street,
Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Christoph H. Borchers
- University of Victoria-Genome
BC Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Vancouver Island Technology Park, 3101−4464 Markham Street,
Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and
Microbiology, University of Victoria, 3800
Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
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47
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Mass spectrometry imaging is moving toward drug protein co-localization. Trends Biotechnol 2012; 30:466-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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48
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Ucar DA, Kurenova E, Garrett TJ, Cance WG, Nyberg C, Cox A, Massoll N, Ostrov DA, Lawrence N, Sebti SM, Zajac-Kaye M, Hochwald SN. Disruption of the protein interaction between FAK and IGF-1R inhibits melanoma tumor growth. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:3250-9. [PMID: 22894899 DOI: 10.4161/cc.21611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
FAK (focal adhesion kinase) and IGF-1R (insulin-like growth factor receptor-1) directly interact with each other and thereby activate crucial signaling pathways that benefit cancer cells. Inhibition of FAK and IGF-1R function has been shown to significantly decrease cancer cell proliferation and increase sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation treatment. As a novel approach in human melanoma, we evaluated the effect of a small-molecule compound that disrupts the protein interaction of FAK and IGF-1R. Previously, using virtual screening and functional testing, we identified a lead compound (INT2-31) that targets the known FAK-IGF-1R protein interaction site. We studied the ability of this compound to disrupt FAK-IGF-1R protein interactions, inhibit downstream signaling, decrease human melanoma cell proliferation, alter cell cycle progression, induce apoptosis and decrease tumor growth in vivo. INT2-31 blocked the interaction of FAK and IGF-1R in vitro and in vivo in melanoma cells and tumor xenografts through precluding the activation of IRS-1, leading to reduced phosphorylation of AKT upon IGF-1 stimulation. As a result, INT2-31 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and viability (range 0.05-10 μM). More importantly, 15 mg/kg of INT2-31 given for 21 d via intraperitoneal injection disrupted the interaction of FAK and IGF-1R and effectively decreased phosphorylation of tumor AKT, resulting in significant melanoma tumor regression in vivo. Our data suggest that the FAK-IGF-1R protein interaction is an important target, and disruption of this interaction with a novel small molecule (INT2-31) has potential anti-neoplastic therapeutic effects in human melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz A Ucar
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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49
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Prideaux B, Stoeckli M. Mass spectrometry imaging for drug distribution studies. J Proteomics 2012; 75:4999-5013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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50
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Sample preparation for mass spectrometry imaging: Small mistakes can lead to big consequences. J Proteomics 2012; 75:4893-4911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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