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KUMAGAI A, SOGA Y, KIMURA K, HATAMA S. Isolation and complete genomic characterization of a Movar 33/63-like Japanese bovine herpesvirus 4 from a calf with respiratory disease. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:645-652. [PMID: 38644182 PMCID: PMC11187588 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.24-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is an indigenous virus in cattle prevalent mainly in North and South American countries and European countries, but the genomic sequences and genetic characteristics of Japanese strains have not been reported. BoHV-4 is suspected, but not proven, to be associated with various diseases. In the present study, we isolated BoHV-4 from a 10-month-old Japanese Black calf with respiratory symptoms in Japan. To identify the genetic characteristics of the isolate named strain SG20, complete genome sequencing was performed using a combination of next-generation and Sanger sequencing technologies. The complete long unique coding region (LUR) of SG20 was found to comprise 108,819 nucleotides with 41.4% GC content and contain at least 78 open reading frames. It shares 83.4 to 99.3% overall nucleotide identity with six BoHV-4 strains available in the database. The deduced amino acid sequence alignment revealed that SG20 contains genotype 1-specific features of BoHV-4, such as amino acid substitutions and insertions within the glycoprotein B region. Phylogenetic analyzes based on the nucleotide sequences of ORF20 indicated that the virus belonged to genotype 1 (Movar 33/63-like group). The strain was also analyzed using the complete LUR and placed in the same clade as a strain recently isolated from China, but it was distinct from American and European BoHV-4 strains of genotype 1. Although further genomic and epidemiologic information is needed, our results help elucidate the molecular epidemiology of BoHV-4 and provide a foundation for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka KUMAGAI
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture
and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasufumi SOGA
- Chubu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Saga, Japan
- Soga Veterinary Clinic and Livestock Consultant, Saga,
Japan
| | - Kumiko KIMURA
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture
and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinichi HATAMA
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture
and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Internal Control, National Agriculture and
Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
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2
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Romeo F, Spetter MJ, Pereyra SB, Morán PE, González Altamiranda EA, Louge Uriarte EL, Odeón AC, Pérez SE, Verna AE. Whole Genome Sequence-Based Analysis of Bovine Gammaherpesvirus 4 Isolated from Bovine Abortions. Viruses 2024; 16:739. [PMID: 38793621 PMCID: PMC11125609 DOI: 10.3390/v16050739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoGHV4) is a member of the Gammaherspivirinae subfamily, Rhadinovirus genus. Its natural host is the bovine, and it is prevalent among the global cattle population. Although the complete genome of BoGHV4 has been successfully sequenced, the functions of most of its genes remain unknown. Currently, only six strains of BoGHV4, all belonging to Genotype 1, have been sequenced. This is the first report of the nearly complete genome of Argentinean BoGHV4 strains isolated from clinical cases of abortion, representing the first BoGHV4 Genotype 2 and 3 genomes described in the literature. Both Argentinean isolates presented the highest nt p-distance values, indicating a greater level of divergence. Overall, the considerable diversity observed in the complete genomes and open reading frames underscores the distinctiveness of both Argentinean isolates compared to the existing BoGHV4 genomes. These findings support previous studies that categorized the Argentinean BoGHV4 strains 07-435 and 10-154 as Genotypes 3 and 2, respectively. The inclusion of these sequences represents a significant expansion to the currently limited pool of BoGHV4 genomes while providing an important basis to increase the knowledge of local isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Romeo
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET) Ruta 226, km 73.5, Balcarce CC7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina (E.L.L.U.)
| | - Maximiliano Joaquín Spetter
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil CC7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Beatriz Pereyra
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET) Ruta 226, km 73.5, Balcarce CC7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina (E.L.L.U.)
| | - Pedro Edgardo Morán
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil CC7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Erika Analía González Altamiranda
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET) Ruta 226, km 73.5, Balcarce CC7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina (E.L.L.U.)
| | - Enrique Leopoldo Louge Uriarte
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET) Ruta 226, km 73.5, Balcarce CC7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina (E.L.L.U.)
| | - Anselmo Carlos Odeón
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Ruta 226, km 73.5, Balcarce CC7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra Elizabeth Pérez
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil CC7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Elizabeth Verna
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y El Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET) Ruta 226, km 73.5, Balcarce CC7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina (E.L.L.U.)
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3
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Romeo F, Delgado S, Yavorsky M, Martinez Cuesta L, Pereyra S, González Altamiranda E, Louge Uriarte E, Pérez S, Verna A. Modulation of Apoptosis by Bovine Gammaherpesvirus 4 Infection in Bovine Endometrial Cells and the Possible Role of LPS in This Process. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:249. [PMID: 38666861 PMCID: PMC11048171 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The prevalent pathogens associated with bovine uterine infections are bacteria that appear to increase the host's susceptibility to secondary infections with other bacteria or viruses, among which BoGHV4 is the most frequently found. In this work, the study of the pathways of apoptosis induction was carried out on an experimental model of primary culture of endometrial cells, in order to know the implication of BoGHV4 and the presence of bacterial LPS in the pathogenesis of the bovine reproductive tract. For this, different staining techniques and molecular analysis by RT-PCR were used. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that the level of cell death observed in the proposed primary culture is directly related to the time of viral infection and the presence of LPS in BoGHV4 infection. The apoptosis indices in cells infected with BoGHV4 and BoGHV4 + LPS revealed a maximum that correlated with the appearance of cytopathic effects and the maximum viral titers in the model studied. However, morphological, biochemical, and molecular changes were evident during both early and late stages of apoptosis. These findings provide information on the factors that may influence the pathogenesis of BoGHV4 and help to better understand the mechanisms involved in virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Romeo
- Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET), Grupo de Salud Animal RN 226, Balcarce 7620, Argentina; (F.R.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (E.G.A.); (E.L.U.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina;
| | - Santiago Delgado
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina;
| | - Marisol Yavorsky
- Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET), Grupo de Salud Animal RN 226, Balcarce 7620, Argentina; (F.R.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (E.G.A.); (E.L.U.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina;
| | - Lucía Martinez Cuesta
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires—CONICET, Tandil 7000, Argentina; (L.M.C.); (S.P.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, CISAPA, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil 7000, Argentina
| | - Susana Pereyra
- Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET), Grupo de Salud Animal RN 226, Balcarce 7620, Argentina; (F.R.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (E.G.A.); (E.L.U.)
| | - Erika González Altamiranda
- Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET), Grupo de Salud Animal RN 226, Balcarce 7620, Argentina; (F.R.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (E.G.A.); (E.L.U.)
| | - Enrique Louge Uriarte
- Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET), Grupo de Salud Animal RN 226, Balcarce 7620, Argentina; (F.R.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (E.G.A.); (E.L.U.)
| | - Sandra Pérez
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires—CONICET, Tandil 7000, Argentina; (L.M.C.); (S.P.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, CISAPA, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil 7000, Argentina
| | - Andrea Verna
- Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA-CONICET), Grupo de Salud Animal RN 226, Balcarce 7620, Argentina; (F.R.); (M.Y.); (S.P.); (E.G.A.); (E.L.U.)
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4
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Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 isolated in China, 2022. Virus Genes 2023; 59:417-426. [PMID: 36877428 PMCID: PMC9986666 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-01981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is a common virus detected in bovine with respiratory disease worldwide. In this study, we identified and characterized a novel BoHV-4 strain, referred as HB-ZJK, in vaginal swabs collected from cattle in China, 2022. The long unique region (LUR) of HB-ZJK is 10,9811 bp in length. It shares 99.17% to 99.38% nucleotide identity to five BoHV-4 strains available in GenBank and the highest similarity was seen with BoHV-4V. test (JN133502.1) strain (99.38%). Mutations, insertions or deletions were observed mainly in HB-ZJK gB (ORF8), TK (ORF21), gH (ORF22), MCP (ORF25), PK (ORF36), gM (ORF39), and gL (ORF47) genes compared to its genomic coordinates. Phylogenetic analyses of gB and TK genes showed that HB-ZJK clustered with China 512 (2019), B6010 (2009), and J4034 (2009) strains, demonstrating that the isolated HB-ZJK belongs to genotype 1. This is the first report that has revealed a comprehensive genome profile of BoHV-4 strain in China. This study will provide foundation for epidemiological investigations of BoHV-4 and contribute to the molecular and pathogenic studies of BoHV-4.
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5
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Khalid A, Riaz A, Yousaf A, Khan IH, Ur-Rehman S, Moaeen-Ud-Din M, Li S, Tang C, Shah MA, Murtaz-Ul-Hasan. Epidemiological survey of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) infection in cattle and buffalo from Pakistan. Vet Res Commun 2022; 47:921-927. [PMID: 36562894 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) among healthy cattle and buffaloes as well as those associated with different diseases (respiratory tract infection, mastitis and reproductive tract infection) in District Chakwal, Pakistan. Blood, swab and milk samples of cattle and buffaloes were randomly collected from different areas of Chakwal. DNA was isolated from the samples and subjected to nested PCR using thymidine kinase gene primers. Out of 300 samples (200 blood, 50 swab and 50 milk samples) from both species (cattle and buffalo), an overall prevalence of BoHV-4 of 3.33% was obtained. Samples from cattle showed a higher species-specific prevalence (4.16%) than samples from buffalo (2.78%). One sample out of 50 swab samples and 1 out of 50 milk samples were also positive for BoHV-4. DNA sequencing of a positive PCR product from cattle confirmed that the sequence was from the thymidine kinase gene of BoHV-4. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed close similarities with other BOHV-4 thymidine kinase sequences. To detect BoHV-4 antibodies, an indirect ELISA was also performed. Two hundred blood samples were also collected from the same animals in nonanticoagulant-containing tubes for the isolation of serum and were subjected to indirect ELISA. Sixteen samples (8%) were positive for BoHV-4 antibodies. This study will be useful in further diagnoses of BoHV-4 in Pakistan and in devising measures to control the spread of BoHV-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anees Khalid
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Aayesha Riaz
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Arfan Yousaf
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Irtaza Hassan Khan
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Saif Ur-Rehman
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Moaeen-Ud-Din
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Song Li
- Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, Hunan, China
| | - Congli Tang
- Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Muhammad Ali Shah
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Murtaz-Ul-Hasan
- Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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6
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Bauermann FV, Falkenberg SM, Martins M, Dassanayake RP, Neill JD, Ridpath JF, Silveira S, Palmer MV, Buysse A, Mohr A, Flores EF, Diel DG. Genome sequence and experimental infection of calves with bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4). Arch Virol 2022; 167:1659-1668. [PMID: 35708765 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05486-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is ubiquitous in cattle worldwide, and it has been detected in animals exhibiting broad clinical presentations. The virus has been detected in the United States since the 1970s; however, its clinical relevance remains unknown. Here, we determined the complete genome sequences of two contemporary BoHV-4 isolates obtained from respiratory (SD16-38) or reproductive (SD16-49) tract specimens and assessed clinical, virological, and pathological outcomes upon intranasal (IN) inoculation of calves with the respiratory BoHV-4 isolate SD16-38. A slight and transient increase in body temperature was observed in BoHV-4-inoculated calves. Additionally, transient viremia and virus shedding in nasal secretions were observed in all inoculated calves. BoHV-4 DNA was detected by nested PCR in the tonsil and regional lymph nodes (LNs) of calves euthanized on day 5 post-inoculation (pi) and in the lungs of calves euthanized on day 10 pi. Calves euthanized on day 35 pi harbored BoHV-4 DNA in the respiratory tract (turbinates, trachea, lungs), regional lymphoid tissues, and trigeminal ganglia. Interestingly, in situ hybridization revealed the presence of BoHV-4 DNA in nerve bundles surrounding the trigeminal ganglia and retropharyngeal lymph nodes (day 35 pi). No histological changes were observed in the respiratory tract (turbinate, trachea, and lung), lymphoid tissues (tonsil, LNs, thymus, and spleen), or central nervous tissues (olfactory bulb and trigeminal ganglia) sampled throughout the animal studies (days 5, 10, and 35 pi). This study contributes to the understanding of the infection dynamics and tissue distribution of BoHV-4 following IN infection in calves. These results suggest that BoHV-4 SD16-38 used in our study has low pathogenicity in calves upon intranasal inoculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando V Bauermann
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Box 2175 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, 250 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA
| | - Shollie M Falkenberg
- Ruminant Disease and Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1920 Dayton Avenue, P.O. Box 70, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Mathias Martins
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Box 2175 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.,Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Rohana P Dassanayake
- Ruminant Disease and Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1920 Dayton Avenue, P.O. Box 70, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - John D Neill
- Ruminant Disease and Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1920 Dayton Avenue, P.O. Box 70, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Julia F Ridpath
- Ruminant Disease and Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1920 Dayton Avenue, P.O. Box 70, Ames, IA, 50010, USA.,Ridpath Consulting, LLC, 204 Rothmoor, P.O. Box 422, Gilbert, IA, 50105, USA
| | - Simone Silveira
- Ruminant Disease and Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1920 Dayton Avenue, P.O. Box 70, Ames, IA, 50010, USA.,Laboratorio de Virologia, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), Rodovia Rovilho Bortoluzzi, SC 480, Km 3.5, Xanxere, SC, 89820-000, Brazil
| | - Mitchel V Palmer
- Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1920 Dayton Avenue, P.O. Box 70, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Alaine Buysse
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Box 2175 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Anna Mohr
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Box 2175 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Eduardo F Flores
- Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Diego G Diel
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Box 2175 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA. .,Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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7
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Romeo F, Delgado S, Uriarte EL, Storani L, Cuesta LM, Morán P, Altamiranda EG, Odeón A, Pérez S, Verna A. Study of the dynamics of in vitro infection with bovine gammaherpesvirus type 4 and apoptosis markers in susceptible cells. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105645. [PMID: 35716923 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine gammaherpesvirus type 4 (BoHV-4) shows tropism for the endometrium, in which it causes the death of epithelial and stroma cells. Despite having anti-apoptotic genes in its genome, experiments based on immortalized cell lines have shown that BoHV-4 induces cell death by apoptosis. In the present study, we evaluated BoHV-4 replication, pro-apoptotic (Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) mitochondrial genes expression and chromatin condensation in bovine endometrium primary culture cells (BEC) and in the Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell line. Results showed that BoHV-4 has a preference for replication in BEC cells over the MDBK cell line, demonstrated by the high viral titer that is consistent with the tropism of the virus. In BEC cells, chromatin condensation was consistent with the values of viral kinetics at the late stage of infection, accompanied with a balance in the mRNA levels of apoptotic mitochondrial proteins. As a consequence, in those cells viral transmission would be enhanced by inhibiting apoptosis in the early stage of virus proliferation, allowing the complete production of viral progeny, and then, the induction of apoptosis in late stages would allow neighboring cells infection. In MDBK cells replication kinetics was coincident with the up-regulation of Bcl-2, which suggests that the productive infection in MDBK is associated with a lytic phase of the virus or another cell death pathway (probably autophagy mechanism) at the late stage of infection. The results agree with the study of nuclear morphology, where a constant chromatin condensation was observed over time. It is clear that the documented BoHV-4 apoptotic responses observed in the cell lines studied above are not valid in cells from primary cultures. The data presented in this study suggest that BoHV-4 could induce apoptosis in BEC cells without a leading role of the mitochondria pathway. Further studies will be necessary to characterize in detail the programmed cell death pathways involved in BoHV-4 infection in the primary cell cultures evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Romeo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Santiago Delgado
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Enrique Louge Uriarte
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA), Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Storani
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Agrobiotecnología. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA). Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Agencia Nacional de Promoción de la Investigación, el Desarrollo Tecnológico y la Innovación. Godoy Cruz, 2370, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucia Martínez Cuesta
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN)-CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, Tandil, (7000), Argentina
| | - Pedro Morán
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, Tandil, (7000), Argentina
| | - Erika González Altamiranda
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA), Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anselmo Odeón
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Sandra Pérez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN)-CONICET. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, Tandil, (7000), Argentina
| | - Andrea Verna
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA), Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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8
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Involvement of herpesviruses in cases of abortion among water buffaloes in southern Italy. Vet Res Commun 2022; 46:719-729. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-09887-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Nefedchenko AV, Yuzhakov AG, Koteneva SV, Glotova TI, Glotov AG, Zaberezhny AD. [Detection of bovine herpesvirus 4 DNA in cattle by realtime PCR.]. Vopr Virusol 2021; 64:178-184. [PMID: 32163684 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-2019-64-4-178-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION BoHV-4 is poorly understood. Data on the circulation of the virus among animals and its role in infectious diseases insufficient. Aimes and goals. Development of real-time PCR for detecting the BoHV-4 and studying the frequency of its presence in samples from sick animals. MATERIAL AND METHODS The nucleotide sequences of the glycoprotein L gene served as a target for amplification. The sequences of reference strains published in GenBank were used to analyze and design the primers. Studies were conducted in 3 regions of Western Siberia on 5 large dairy farms. RESULTS 27.7% of samples contained the virus. The virus was present as a monoagent in nasal cavity of calves (80.0%), lungs (46.2%) and bronchial lymph nodes (38.5%) in pneumonia. In the cases of diarrhea the virus was detected in 20%, and in cows with gynecological pathology in 10.0%. In respiratory diseases of calves the virus was detected in association with BoHV-1 (21.6%) and BoCV (20.3%), and in gynecological pathology of cows with BVDV1 (6%). DISCUSSION According to the phylogenetic analysis of 5 identified virus isolates, four belonged to the American branch and one to the European branch. The circulation of American strains occurred in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan (1), Tyumen (1) and Novosibirsk (2) regions, and the European - in the Novosibirsk region. CONCLUSION The search for viruses involved to the infectious pathology, as well as studying the genetic diversity of viruses circulating on a particular farm including imported from other countries, is relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Nefedchenko
- Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-Biotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Science, Institute of Experimentally Veterinary Medicine of Siberia and Far East, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region, 630501, Russian Federation
| | - A G Yuzhakov
- D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology «National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after the honorary academician N.F. Gamaleya», Moscow, 109428, Russian Federatio
| | - S V Koteneva
- Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-Biotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Science, Institute of Experimentally Veterinary Medicine of Siberia and Far East, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region, 630501, Russian Federation
| | - T I Glotova
- Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-Biotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Science, Institute of Experimentally Veterinary Medicine of Siberia and Far East, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region, 630501, Russian Federation
| | - A G Glotov
- Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-Biotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Science, Institute of Experimentally Veterinary Medicine of Siberia and Far East, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region, 630501, Russian Federation
| | - A D Zaberezhny
- All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after Ya.R. Kovalenko, Moscow, 109428, Russian Federation
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10
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Romeo F, Louge Uriarte E, Delgado SG, González-Altamiranda E, Pereyra S, Morán P, Odeón A, Pérez S, Verna A. Effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus on subsequent infectivity of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 in endometrial cells in primary culture: An in vitro model of viral co-infection. J Virol Methods 2021; 291:114097. [PMID: 33600847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) infect the uterus of cattle, being responsible for huge economic losses. Most of the pathogenesis of BoHV-4 in the bovine reproductive tract has been elucidated by conducting tests on primary cultures. Thus, it is important to have optimal in vitro conditions, avoiding the presence of other pathogens that can alter the results. BVDV is one of the most frequent viral contaminants of cell cultures. Considering that non-cytopathic (NCP) BVDV biotype can generate persistently infected (PI) cattle, which are the major source for virus transmission in susceptible herds, it is important to check products derived from cattle that are intended to be used in research laboratories. The aim of this work was to evaluate how the natural infection of bovine endometrial cells (BEC) with a NCP BVDV strain (BEC + BVDV) affects BoHV-4 replication. We have demonstrated a delay in BoHV-4 gene expression and a decrease in viral load in the extracellular environment in BEC + BDVD cells compared to BEC (BVDV-free) cells. These results confirm that replication of BoHV-4 in BEC primary cultures is affected by previous infection with BVDV. This finding highlights the importance of ruling out BVDV infection in bovine primary cell cultures to avoid biological interference or misinterpretation of results at the time of performing in vitro studies with BoHV-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Romeo
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Godoy Cruz 2370, C1425FQD, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - E Louge Uriarte
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA). Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S G Delgado
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - E González-Altamiranda
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA). Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S Pereyra
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA). Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P Morán
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA)/CIVETAN, Sede Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Odeón
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - S Pérez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA)/CIVETAN, Sede Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Verna
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Grupo de Sanidad Animal. Instituto de Innovación para la Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, CONICET-INTA). Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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11
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Isolation and molecular characterization of bovine herpesvirus 4 from cattle in mainland China. Arch Virol 2021; 166:619-626. [PMID: 33410994 PMCID: PMC7788162 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04896-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is one of the most important of the known viral respiratory and reproductive pathogens of both young and adult cattle. However, BoHV-4 has not been isolated or detected in mainland China prior to this study. In 2019, BoHV-4 strain 512 was isolated from cattle in Heilongjiang Province, China, using MDBK cells, and characterized by PCR, nucleotide sequence analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. Two other unknown herpesvirus strains, BL6010 and J4034, which were isolated from cattle in 2009 in China and stored at -70℃, were also propagated in MDBK cells and identified as BoHV-4 by PCR. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial nucleotide sequences of the thymidine kinase (TK) gene and glycoprotein B (gB) gene for the three isolates indicated that these three Chinese strains belong to BoHV-4 genotype 1. A preliminary virus neutralization test revealed that 64% of the 70 bovine sera (45/70) collected from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, had anti-BoHV-4 antibodies and that natural BoHV-4 infection occurred in cattle in China. Here, we report for the first time the isolation and molecular characterization of BoHV-4 from cattle in mainland China.
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12
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Gene expression and in vitro replication of bovine gammaherpesvirus type 4. Arch Virol 2021; 166:535-544. [PMID: 33403475 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04898-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In vitro cell cultures are widely used models for dissecting cellular and molecular mechanisms that lead to certain physiological conditions and diseases. The pathogenesis of BoHV-4 in the bovine reproductive tract has been studied by conducting tests on primary cultures. However, many questions remain to be answered about the role of BoHV-4 in endometrial cells. The aim of this study was to compare the replication and gene expression of BoHV-4 in cell lines and bovine reproductive tract primary cells as an in vitro model for the study of this virus. We demonstrated that BoHV-4 strains differ in their in vitro growth kinetics and gene expression but have the same cell type preference. Our results demonstrate that BoHV-4 replicates preferentially in bovine endometrial cells (BEC). However, its replication capacity extends to various cell types, since all cells that were tested were permissive to BoHV-4 infection. The highest virus titers were obtained in BEC cells. Nevertheless, virus replication efficiency could not be fully predicted from the mRNA expression profiles. This implies that there are multiple cell-type-dependent factors and strain properties that determine the level of BoHV-4 replication. The results of this study provide relevant information about the in vitro behavior of two field isolates of BoHV-4 in different cell cultures. These findings may be useful for the design of future in vitro experiments to obtain reliable results not only about the pathogenic role of BoHV-4 in the bovine female reproductive tract but also in the development of efficient antiviral strategies.
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13
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Díaz-Cao JM, Prieto A, López-Lorenzo G, López-Novo C, Iglesias A, Díaz P, Panadero R, López CM, Morrondo P, Díez-Baños P, Fernández G. Epidemiological study of the association between bovine gammaherpesvirus type 4 and reproductive disease in dairy cattle from northwestern Spain. Vet Microbiol 2020; 251:108888. [PMID: 33120087 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) has controversially been related with cattle reproductive disease. In the present study we analyze the relationship between exposure to BoHV-4 and reproductive performance in dairy cattle from northwestern Spain. A total of 2022 sera from 50 farms were examined to detect anti-BoHV-4 antibodies. Herd and individual reproductive records were collected to analyze association with exposure to BoHV-4. In addition, 52 abortion cases were examined to detect BoHV-4 DNA. An individual seroprevalence of 66.6 % and a herd prevalence of 98 % were found. Exposure to BoHV-4 increased with age, particularly in individuals between 26-36 months old (OR = 2.7; CI 95 %: 1.2-5.0, compared to animals < 26 months). Seroprevalence was not associated with herd fertility and herd abortion rate, but seropositive animals between 26-36 months presented prolonged calving to fertilizing insemination intervals (HR: 1.4; CI 95 %: 1.2-2.0) as well as higher odds of an unsuccessful 1st insemination (OR: 2.5; CI 95 %: 1.2-5.0). In abortion cases, BoHV-4 DNA was found in 12 vaginal swabs from 5 farms but not in any fetal tissue. Our results reveal an endemic, high and widespread exposure to BoHV-4 among dairy cattle from NW Spain with a limited impact in the reproductive performance of herds. The significantly worse reproductive performance of seropositive animals of 26-36 months of age may be the consequence of the establishment of primo-infections when moving heifers to lactation lots. Our findings may be useful to understand the potential population impact of BoHV-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Díaz-Cao
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Alberto Prieto
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Gonzalo López-Lorenzo
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Cynthia López-Novo
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Antonio Iglesias
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Pablo Díaz
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Rosario Panadero
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ceferino M López
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Patrocinio Morrondo
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Pablo Díez-Baños
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Fernández
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Pathology, 27002, Lugo, Spain
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14
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Romeo F, Spetter MJ, Moran P, Pereyra S, Odeon A, Perez SE, Verna AE. Analysis of the transcripts encoding for antigenic proteins of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4. J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e5. [PMID: 31940684 PMCID: PMC7000896 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The major glycoproteins of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) are gB, gH, gM, gL, and gp180 with gB, gH, and gp180 being the most glycosylated. These glycoproteins participate in cell binding while some act as neutralization targets. Glycosylation of these envelope proteins may be involved in virion protection against neutralization by antibodies. In infected cattle, BoHV-4 induces an immune response characterized by low neutralizing antibody levels or an absence of such antibodies. Therefore, virus seroneutralization in vitro cannot always be easily demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neutralizing capacity of 2 Argentine BoHV-4 strains and to associate those findings with the gene expression profiles of the major envelope glycoproteins. Expression of genes coding for the envelope glycoproteins occurred earlier in cells infected with isolate 10/154 than in cells infected with strain 07/435, demonstrating a distinct difference between the strains. Differences in serological response can be attributed to differences in the expression of antigenic proteins or to post-translational modifications that mask neutralizing epitopes. Strain 07/435 induced significantly high titers of neutralizing antibodies in several animal species in addition to bovines. The most relevant serological differences were observed in adult animals. This is the first comprehensive analysis of the expression kinetics of genes coding for BoHV-4 glycoproteins in 2 Argentine strains (genotypes 1 and 2). The results further elucidate the BoHV-4 life cycle and may also help determine the genetic variability of the strains circulating in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Romeo
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Buenos Aires C1425FQD, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano J Spetter
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - Pedro Moran
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil 7000, Argentina
| | - Susana Pereyra
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Balcarce 7620, Argentina
| | - Anselmo Odeon
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Balcarce 7620, Argentina
| | - Sandra E Perez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil 7000, Argentina
| | - Andrea E Verna
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina.,Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Balcarce 7620, Argentina.
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15
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Genetic characterization of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) isolates from Argentine cattle suggests a complex evolutionary scenario. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4905-4909. [PMID: 32347419 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05449-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bovine herpevsirus 4 (BoHV-4) is a gammaherpesvirus that has been associated with different clinical conditions in cattle. In Argentina, BoHV-4 was detected in diverse bovine samples. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic relationship of 48 field BoHV-4 strains isolated from cattle in Argentina. According to thymidine kinase (tk) gene sequences, BoHV-4 isolates belong to genotypes 1, 2 and 3. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the presence of the three previously described viral genotypes. However, some of the studied isolates presented conflicting phylogenetic signals between the studied markers. This suggests a complex evolutionary background, that is a history of recombination, incomplete lineage sorting (deep coalescence) or a combination of these, which requires further study. These potential events make difficult the diagnosis of BoHV-4 from clinical samples of cattle and may pose a significant problem for the control of the virus in the herds.
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16
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Morán P, Manrique J, Pérez S, Romeo F, Odeón A, Jones L, Verna A. Analysis of the anti-apoptotic v-Bcl2 and v-Flip genes and effect on in vitro programmed cell death of Argentinean isolates of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4). Microb Pathog 2020; 144:104170. [PMID: 32224211 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Some viruses encode inhibitory factors of apoptosis during infection to prolong cell viability and then to achieve a higher production of viral progeny or facilitate persistent infections. There is evidence that some gammaherpesviruses, including BoHV-4, carry genes that can both inhibit or induce apoptosis. BoHV-4 possesses two genes (ORF16 and ORF71) that code for proteins with anti-apoptotic functions, such as v-Bcl2 and v-Flip, respectively. Thus, it is relevant to study BoHV-4 in relation to the modulation of apoptosis in infected cells as a strategy for persistence in the host. The objective of this work was to analyze whether variations in v-Flip and v- Bcl2 of six phylogenetically divergent Argentinean isolates of BoHV-4 can influence the capacity of these strains to induce apoptosis in cell cultures. In this study, variations were mainly detected in the v-Flip gene and protein of the BoHV-4 strains belonging to genotype 3. Thus, it is possible to infer that sequence variations could be associated with some BoHV-4 genotype. Induction of apoptosis was not a significant event for any of the genetically distinct local isolates of BoHV-4 and there was not an evident relationship between the variability of both genes with the apoptotic effect of the phylogenetically distinct strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Morán
- Facultad Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Argentina
| | | | - Sandra Pérez
- Facultad Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Argentina; CONICET, Argentina; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN)-CONICET, Argentina
| | - Florencia Romeo
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Argentina
| | - Anselmo Odeón
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Leandro Jones
- CONICET, Argentina; Laboratorio de Virología y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Nacional de La Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Argentina
| | - Andrea Verna
- CONICET, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Balcarce, Argentina.
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17
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Dağalp SB, Babaoglu AR, Doğan F, Farzani TA, Alkan F. An assessment of bovine herpes virus 4 as a causative agent in abortions and neonatal death. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 87:e1-e5. [PMID: 32129636 PMCID: PMC7059244 DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v87i1.1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous viruses, including bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), bovine herpes virus 1 (BoHV-1) and bovine herpes virus 4 (BoHV-4), and other pathogens are the most common causes of reproductive disorders and are responsible for huge economic losses in livestock production. This study investigates the aetiological role of BoHV-4 in fertility problems such as abortions, stillbirth and birth with unviable calves. Retrospective samples from 38 animals, including 17 aborting cows, 17 aborted foetuses, three stillborn calves and one unviable newborn calf were analysed. The BoHV-4 genome was detected in 25 (65.7%) animals by polymerase chain reaction. In 14 of these infected animals, we detected co-infection with BVDV, while the co-presence of BoHV-1 was also detected in one animal. In addition to the high prevalence of BoHV-4 genome in materials related to fertility problems, isolation of BoHV-4 from the brain of one stillborn calf indicated a causal link between BoHV-4 and fertility problems, such as abortion, stillbirths or birth with unviable calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seval B Dağalp
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara.
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18
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Florencia R, Julieta M, Sandra P, Enrique LU, Maia M, German C, Leunda MR, Erika GA, Susana P, Maximiliano S, Anselmo O, Leandro J, Verna AE. Characterization of the first bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 strain isolated from an aborted bovine fetus in Argentina. Arch Virol 2020; 165:719-723. [PMID: 31980937 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04507-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is increasingly believed to be responsible for several disorders of the bovine reproductive tract. The first characterization of BoHV-4 in Argentina was from samples from an aborted fetus. Argentinean isolates are highly diverse and are phylogenetically grouped in three genotypes. In this study, we describe the isolation of BoHV-4 from a bovine fetus with a gestational age of 8 months and without macroscopic lesions. Genetic analyses revealed that the isolated strain belongs to genotype 2. This is the first report on the presence of infectious BoHV-4 in tissues from an aborted bovine fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo Florencia
- Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), Godoy Cruz 2370, C1425FQD, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Manrique Julieta
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Virología y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Perez Sandra
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Sede Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Louge Uriarte Enrique
- Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Marín Maia
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Cantón German
- Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Maria R Leunda
- Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - González Altamiranda Erika
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Pereyra Susana
- Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Spetter Maximiliano
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Odeón Anselmo
- Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Jones Leandro
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Virología y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Andrea E Verna
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 7620, Balcarce, Argentina.
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Díaz JM, Prieto A, López-Lorenzo G, López-Novo C, Iglesias A, Díaz P, Panadero R, Moral J, López C, Díez-Baños P, Morrondo P, Fernández G. Monitoring of the shedding and serological dynamics of Bovine gammaherpesvirus type 4 in a dairy cattle herd. Vet Microbiol 2019; 239:108495. [PMID: 31767098 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bovine gammaherpesvirus type 4 (BoHV-4) is increasingly related with reproductive disease in cattle, but its epidemiology is not fully understood. We monitored the serological response and shedding of BoHV-4 in a positive dairy cattle farm with metritis. First, we performed an ELISA to detect BoHV-4 antibodies in all the animals (n = 104). Afterwards, ten seronegative heifers introduced in the production lot and sera samples were monthly taken for four months and then 6-10 months after introduction to detect BoHV-4 antibodies by ELISA. Moreover, a vaginal swab was taken after calving to detect BoHV-4 by PCR. Concurrently, a weekly collection of vaginal and nasal swabs and milk was performed during the first month post-partum in multiparous cows with metritis (n = 14), heifers with metritis (n = 4), heifers without metritis but positive to BoHV-4 (ELISA or PCR) (n = 2) and multiparous cows without metritis (n = 3). Seropositivity was higher in older animals and in the production lot. Three heifers which shed BoHV-4 after parturition resulted seronegative at first but eventually seroconverted. In the same vein, most heifers seroconverted after 6-10 months in the production lot (8/10). Multiparous cows shed virus by various routes: 13/14 (93 %) in vaginal secretions, 7/14 (50 %) in nasal exudates and 7/14 (50 %) in milk. However, in the other groups, shedding was only detected in vaginal swabs from the first week post-partum. Our study describes BoHV-4 shedding in field conditions. Seronegative animals may become horizontally infected when moved to a contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Díaz
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Alberto Prieto
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Gonzalo López-Lorenzo
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Cynthia López-Novo
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Antonio Iglesias
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Pablo Díaz
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Rosario Panadero
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Javier Moral
- Sociedad Veterinaria del Eo SLP, 33770, Vegadeo, Spain
| | - Ceferino López
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Pablo Díez-Baños
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Patrocinio Morrondo
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Fernández
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
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Morán P, Pérez S, Odeón A, Verna A. Comparative analysis of replicative properties of phylogenetically divergent, Argentinean BoHV-4 strains in cell lines from different origins. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 63:97-103. [PMID: 30961825 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV4) is a member of the family Herpesviridae. In Argentina, BoHV4 was isolated and characterized in 2007 from samples of aborted cows. Argentinean isolates are highly divergent and are classified as: Genotype 1(Movar-like), Genotype 2 (DN599-like) and Genotype 3 (a novel group). The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the biological characteristics of six Argentinean BoHV4 field isolates in cell lines from different origins. All strains induced productive infection in the cell lines used, with different degrees of permissiveness. A direct relationship among the times of appearance of cytopathic effect, the growth kinetics, the size of the lysis plaques and the virulent-like behaviour in vitro could not be established. However, although slight, there are differences in the biological behaviour of the BoHV4 fields isolates analyzed. This variability is independent of their genetic classification but would be conditioned by the nature of the infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Morán
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA). Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Sandra Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA). Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN)-CONICET, Paraje Arroyo Seco S/N, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anselmo Odeón
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Producción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Ruta 226, Km 73.5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Verna
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Producción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Ruta 226, Km 73.5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Bovine herpes virus type-4 infection among postpartum dairy cows in California: risk factors and phylogenetic analysis. Epidemiol Infect 2018; 146:904-912. [PMID: 29633683 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268818000791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine herpes virus type-4 (BoHV-4) infection and describe the genetic characteristics and predominant genotypes of the virus in Yolo and Tulare counties, California. A cross-sectional study involving multi-stage sampling technique was used. One hundred and forty-eight post-partum cows were enrolled from 11 dairy farms. Uterine/vaginal samples were collected and tested for BoHV-4 and other co-infecting viruses using real-time PCR. Data were analysed using multilevel logistic mixed-effect model. Phylogenetic analysis of 10 BoHV-4 isolates was conducted by targeting three open reading frames (ORF3, ORF8 and ORF 22) of the viral genome. The prevalence of BoHV-4 infection was 22.3% (33/148), while post-partum metritis was 33.8% (48/142). Strong association was found between BoHV-4 infection and lactation number, lactation stage and post-partum metritis. The odds of being positive for BoHV-4 infection were 6.47 times (95% CI 1.17-35.92; P 240 days). Cows with post-partum metritis were 4.51 times (95% CI 1.27-16.02; P < 0.05) more likely to test positive for BoHV-4 infection compared with those without post-partum metritis. Phylogenetic analysis of BoHV-4 based on sequencing of glycoprotein and thymidine kinase (TK) genes revealed genetic variability of the virus with glycoprotein B genotype 1 and TK genotype 2 as being dominant genotypes. The reported high genetic variability of BoHV-4 indicates the possibility of co-infection with multiple genotypes.
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22
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Gagnon CA, Traesel CK, Music N, Laroche J, Tison N, Auger JP, Music S, Provost C, Bellehumeur C, Abrahamyan L, Carman S, DesCôteaux L, Charette SJ. Whole Genome Sequencing of a Canadian Bovine Gammaherpesvirus 4 Strain and the Possible Link between the Viral Infection and Respiratory and Reproductive Clinical Manifestations in Dairy Cattle. Front Vet Sci 2017; 4:92. [PMID: 28670580 PMCID: PMC5472674 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is a herpesvirus widespread in cattle populations, and with no clear disease association. Its genome contains a long unique coding region (LUR) flanked by polyrepetitive DNA and 79 open reading frames (ORFs), with unique 17 ORFs, named Bo1 to Bo17. In 2009, a BoHV-4 strain was isolated (FMV09-1180503: BoHV-4-FMV) from cattle with respiratory disease from Quebec, Canada, and its LUR was sequenced. Despite the overall high similarity, BoHV-4-FMV had the most divergent LUR sequence compared to the two known BoHV-4 reference strain genomes; most of the divergences were in the Bo genes and in the repeat regions. Our phylogenetic analysis based on DNA polymerase and thymidine kinase genes revealed that virus isolate was BoHV-4 gammaherpesvirus and clustered it together with European BoHV-4 strains. Because BoHV-4-FMV was isolated from animals presenting respiratory signs, we have updated the BoHV-4 Canadian cattle seroprevalence data and tried to find out whether there is a link between clinical manifestation and BoHV-4 seropositivity. An indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was performed with nearly 200 randomized sera of dairy cattle from two Canadian provinces, Quebec (n = 100) and Ontario (n = 91). An additional set of sera obtained from Quebec, from the healthy (n = 48) cows or from the animals experiencing respiratory or reproductive problems (n = 75), was also analyzed by IFA. BoHV-4 seroprevalence in Canadian dairy cattle was 7.9% (Quebec: 6% and Ontario: 9.9%). Among animals from the Quebec-based farms, diseased animals showed higher BoHV-4 seropositivity than healthy animals (P < 0.05), with a significant 2.494 odds ratio of being seropositive in sick compared to healthy animals. Although there is no established direct link between BoHV-4 and specific diseases, these seroprevalence data suggest the possible involvement of BoHV-4 in dairy cattle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl A Gagnon
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA) and Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Carolina Kist Traesel
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA) and Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Nedzad Music
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA) and Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Jérôme Laroche
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Tison
- Département des Sciences cliniques, FMV, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Auger
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA) and Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Sanela Music
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA) and Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Chantale Provost
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA) and Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Bellehumeur
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA) and Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Levon Abrahamyan
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center (CRIPA) and Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale (GREMIP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Susy Carman
- Animal Health Laboratory, Laboratory Services Division, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Luc DesCôteaux
- Département des Sciences cliniques, FMV, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Steve J Charette
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de biochimie, de microbiologie et de bio-informatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
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23
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Comparative study on the in vitro replication and genomic variability of Argentinean field isolates of bovine herpesvirus type 4 (BoHV-4). Virus Genes 2016; 52:372-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11262-016-1312-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Delooz L, Czaplicki G, Houtain JY, Dal Pozzo F, Saegerman C. Laboratory Findings Suggesting an Association Between BoHV-4 and Bovine Abortions in Southern Belgium. Transbound Emerg Dis 2016; 64:1100-1109. [PMID: 26752765 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abortions cause heavy economic losses for the bovine sector. The use of a standardized panel of analyses covering a large spectrum of pathogens responsible of abortion in cattle allowed demonstrating the direct involvement of at least one pathogen in 57% of analysed abortions in the southern part of Belgium. This result suggests a margin of improvement in the diagnostic efficacy. In order to evaluate the interest to broaden the list of pathogens included in the panel of analyses, the implication of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) in abortion was assessed by two different studies. In the first study, coupled serology was performed after abortion on 714 dams to identify specific seroconversion against BoHV-4. The overall seroconversion in cows was 19.5%, with a higher frequency in primiparous compared to multiparous females. In addition, the type of breed (beef cattle) and the time period from the fourth quarter 2008 until the last quarter 2009 were significantly related to the seroconversion of cows. The second study investigated the virus ability to infect the foetus. In this study, 368 cases of bovine abortions were specifically tested for BoHV-4, using PCR on foetus tissues and ELISA on dam and foetus sera. The results showed a maternal seroprevalence of 64.7%, a foetal seroprevalence of 0.8% and a PCR prevalence in foetuses of 1.1%, demonstrating the ability of BoHV-4 to infect the foetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Delooz
- Département Santé Animale, Association Régionale de Santé et d'Identification Animales - ASBL, Ciney, Belgium.,Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk Analysis applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULg), Centre for Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - G Czaplicki
- Département Santé Animale, Association Régionale de Santé et d'Identification Animales - ASBL, Ciney, Belgium
| | - J Y Houtain
- Département Santé Animale, Association Régionale de Santé et d'Identification Animales - ASBL, Ciney, Belgium
| | - F Dal Pozzo
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk Analysis applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULg), Centre for Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - C Saegerman
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk Analysis applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULg), Centre for Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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25
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González Altamiranda E, Manrique JM, Pérez SE, Ríos GL, Odeón AC, Leunda MR, Jones LR, Verna A. Molecular Characterization of the First Bovine Herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) Strains Isolated from In Vitro Bovine Embryos production in Argentina. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132212. [PMID: 26177382 PMCID: PMC4503683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is increasingly considered as responsible for various problems of the reproductive tract. The virus infects mainly blood mononuclear cells and displays specific tropism for vascular endothelia, reproductive and fetal tissues. Epidemiological studies suggest its impact on reproductive performance, and its presence in various sites in the reproductive tract highlights its potential transmission in transfer-stage embryos. This work describes the biological and genetic characterization of BoHV-4 strains isolated from an in vitro bovine embryo production system. BoHV-4 strains were isolated in 2011 and 2013 from granulosa cells and bovine oocytes from ovary batches collected at a local abattoir, used as "starting material" for in vitro production of bovine embryos. Compatible BoHV-4-CPE was observed in the co-culture of granulosa cells and oocytes with MDBK cells. The identity of the isolates was confirmed by PCR assays targeting three ORFs of the viral genome. The phylogenetic analyses of the strains suggest that they were evolutionary unlinked. Therefore it is possible that BoHV-4 ovary infections occurred regularly along the evolution of the virus, at least in Argentina, which can have implications in the systems of in vitro embryo production. Thus, although BoHV-4 does not appear to be a frequent risk factor for in vitro embryo production, data are still limited. This study reveals the potential of BoHV-4 transmission via embryo transfer. Moreover, the high variability among the BoHV-4 strains isolated from aborted cows in Argentina highlights the importance of further research on the role of this virus as an agent with the potential to cause reproductive disease in cattle. The genetic characterization of the isolated strains provides data to better understand the pathogenesis of BoHV-4 infections. Furthermore, it will lead to fundamental insights into the molecular aspects of the virus and the means by which these strains circulate in the herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika González Altamiranda
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Producción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta M. Manrique
- Laboratorio de Virología y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Sede Trelew, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Chubut, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra E. Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Sede Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Glenda L. Ríos
- Laboratorio de Producción de Embriones, Departamento de Producción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anselmo C. Odeón
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Producción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María R. Leunda
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Producción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro R. Jones
- Laboratorio de Virología y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Sede Trelew, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Chubut, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Verna
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Producción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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26
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Potential Pathogenetic Role of Bovine Herpesvirus 4 in Two Dairy Cows with Dermatitis-Pyrexia-Hemorrhagic Syndrome. J Clin Microbiol 2015; 53:2763-7. [PMID: 26041898 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00717-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatitis, pyrexia, and hemorrhagic syndrome (DPHS) is a rare bovine syndrome of unclear etiology. We describe two DPHS cases, the first to occur in Italy, with clinicopathological findings suggesting a potential pathogenetic role of bovine herpesvirus-4 (BoHV-4).
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27
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Morán PE, Pérez SE, Odeón AC, Verna AE. [Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4): general aspects of the biology and status in Argentina]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2015; 47:155-66. [PMID: 25962539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) has been isolated from cattle with respiratory infections, vulvovaginitis, mastitis, abortions, endometritis and from apparently healthy animals throughout the world. Although it has not yet been established as causal agent of a specific disease entity, it is primarily associated with reproductive disorders of cattle. This virus can infect a wide range of species, either in vivo or in vitro. Two groups of prototype strains were originated from the first isolates: the DN599-type strains (American group) and the Movar-type strains (European group). In Argentina, BoHV-4 was isolated and characterized in 2007 from vaginal discharge samples taken from cows that had aborted. So far, more than 40 isolates, mainly associated with aborting bovine females have been registered in our country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro E Morán
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Argentina.
| | - Sandra E Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Argentina; Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Anselmo C Odeón
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Balcarce, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Andrea E Verna
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Laboratorio de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Balcarce, Balcarce, Argentina
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28
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Capocefalo A, Mangia C, Franceschi V, Jacca S, van Santen VL, Donofrio G. Efficient heterologous antigen gene delivery and expression by a replication-attenuated BoHV-4-based vaccine vector. Vaccine 2013; 31:3906-14. [PMID: 23830977 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Bovine Herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is a gammaherpesvirus belonging to the Rhadinovirus genus and due to its biological characteristics has been proposed as a vaccine vector for veterinary vaccines. Because viral vector-associated risk is a major concern for viral vector applications, attenuation is a desirable feature. Therefore, efforts are directed toward the development of highly attenuated viral vectors. BoHV-4 naturally exhibits limited pathogenicity and a further attenuation, in terms of replication, was obtained by disrupting the late gene encoding the 1.7-kb polyadenylated RNA (L1.7). An L1.7 deleted mutant BoHV-4 (BoHV-4-A-KanaGalKΔL1.7), as well as its revertant (BoHV-4-A-Rev), was generated by homologous recombination from the genome of a BoHV-4 isolate (BoHV-4-A) cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC). BoHV-4-A-KanaGalKΔL1.7 showed attenuation in terms of competence to reconstitute infectious virus, viral replication, and plaque size when compared to BoHV-4-A, BoHV-4-A-Rev, and BoHV-4-A-KanaGalKΔTK, a recombinant control virus where the KanaGalK selectable marker was inserted into the thymidine kinase open reading frame. The capability of BoHV-4-A-KanaGalKΔL1.7 to deliver and express a heterologous antigen was investigated by replacing the KanaGalK cassette with a vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSVg) expression cassette to generate BoHV-4-A-EF1αVSVgΔL1.7. BoHV-4-A-EF1αVSVgΔL1.7 infected cells robustly expressed VSVg, thus confirming that the replication deficiency resulting from L1.7 disruption did not prevent heterologous gene delivery and expression. Although further work is needed to identify the specific function of the BoHV-4 L1.7 gene, the L1.7 gene may represent an ideal targeting locus for the integration of a heterologous antigen expression cassette, resulting in attenuation of the viral vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Capocefalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
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