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Rodrigues JA, Feitosa TF, Vilela VLR. A systematic review on products derived from nematophagous fungi in the biological control of parasitic helminths of animals. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:224. [PMID: 38822201 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Nematophagous fungi have been widely evaluated in the biological control of parasitic helminths in animals, both through their direct use and the use of their derived products. Fungal bioproducts can include extracellular enzymes, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), as well as secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review covering the evaluation of products derived from nematophagous fungi in the biological control of parasitic helminths in animals. In total, 33 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The majority of the studies were conducted in Brazil (72.7%, 24/33), and bioproducts derived from the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans were the most commonly evaluated (36.3%, 12/33). The studies involved the production of extracellular enzymes (48.4%, 16/33), followed by crude enzymatic extract (27.2%, 9/33), secondary metabolites (15.1%, 5/33) and biosynthesis of AgNPs (9.1%, 3/33). The most researched extracellular enzymes were serine proteases (37.5%, 6/16), with efficacies ranging from 23.9 to 85%; proteases (31.2%, 5/16), with efficacies from 41.4 to 95.4%; proteases + chitinases (18.7%, 3/16), with efficacies from 20.5 to 43.4%; and chitinases (12.5%, 2/16), with efficacies ranging from 12 to 100%. In conclusion, extracellular enzymes are the most investigated derivatives of nematophagous fungi, with proteases being promising strategies in the biological control of animal helminths. Further studies under in vivo and field conditions are needed to explore the applicability of these bioproducts as tools for biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jossiara Abrante Rodrigues
- Post-Graduate Program in Science and Animal Health, Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Sate of Paraíba, Patos, Brazil
| | - Thais Ferreira Feitosa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Institute of Paraíba - IFPB, State of Paraíba, Sousa, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela
- Post-Graduate Program in Science and Animal Health, Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Sate of Paraíba, Patos, Brazil.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Institute of Paraíba - IFPB, State of Paraíba, Sousa, Brazil.
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2
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Boughton CJ, Lancaster LT, Morgan ER. Biotic interactions in soil and dung shape parasite transmission in temperate ruminant systems: An integrative framework. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2024; 34:e2956. [PMID: 38426805 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal helminth parasites undergo part of their life cycle outside their host, such that developmental stages interact with the soil and dung fauna. These interactions are capable of affecting parasite transmission on pastures yet are generally ignored in current models, empirical studies and practical management. Dominant methods of parasite control, which rely on anthelmintic medications for livestock, are becoming increasingly ineffective due to the emergence of drug-resistant parasite populations. Furthermore, consumer and regulatory pressure on decreased chemical use in agriculture and the consequential disruption of biological processes in the dung through nontarget effects exacerbates issues with anthelmintic reliance. This presents a need for the application and enhancement of nature-based solutions and biocontrol methods. However, successfully harnessing these options relies on advanced understanding of the ecological system and interacting effects among biotic factors and with immature parasite stages. Here, we develop a framework linking three key groups of dung and soil fauna-fungi, earthworms, and dung beetles-with each other and developmental stages of helminths parasitic in farmed cattle, sheep, and goats in temperate grazing systems. We populate this framework from existing published studies and highlight the interplay between faunal groups and documented ecological outcomes. Of 1756 papers addressing abiotic drivers of populations of these organisms and helminth parasites, only 112 considered interactions between taxa and 36 presented data on interactions between more than two taxonomic groups. Results suggest that fungi reduce parasite abundance and earthworms may enhance fungal communities, while competition between dung taxa may reduce their individual effect on parasite transmission. Dung beetles were found to impact fungal populations and parasite transmission variably, possibly tied to the prevailing climate within a specific ecological context. By exploring combinations of biotic factors, we consider how interactions between species may be fundamental to the ecological consequences of biocontrol strategies and nontarget impacts of anthelmintics on dung and soil fauna and how pasture management alterations to promote invertebrates might help limit parasite transmission. With further development and parameterization the framework could be applied quantitatively to guide, prioritize, and interpret hypothesis-driven experiments and integrate biotic factors into established models of parasite transmission dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eric R Morgan
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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3
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Hao L, Guo Y, Wang X, Gao M, Liu T, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Li Q, Wang R, You X. Preparation and application of biocontrol formulation of nematode-trapping fungus-Duddingtonia flagrans. Vet Parasitol 2024; 327:110119. [PMID: 38262173 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The use of nematophagous fungi as a biological control strategy for parasitic gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in livestock holds promise as an innovative alternative approach. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a lyophilized Duddingtonia flagrans preparation, utilized in association with the anthelmintics ivermectin or albendazole, to control GINs in Tibetan sheep on a farm based in Qinghai Province. The experimental design included five groups: D. flagrans lyophilized preparation group; D. flagrans+ ivermectin combination tablets treatment group (0.6 tablets for each 10 kg b.w. containing 106 chlamydospores of D. flagrans); D. flagrans+ albendazole combination capsules treatment group (5 capsules for each 10 kg b.w. containing 106 chlamydospores of D. flagrans); ivermectin group (0.2 mg/kg); albendazole group (15 mg/kg), and a control group; The effect of these strategies was evaluated through the analysis of feces collected directly from the animals in each group at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h,96 h and 120 h after administration, by estimating the counts of fecal egg count reduction percentage (FECR) and larval development reduction percentage (LDR). The combination of D. flagrans lyophilized preparation with either ivermectin or albendazole yielded fecal egg and larval reduction rates of up to 100% within 72 h after oral administration, outperforming the groups treated with a single anthelmintic. Moreover, the application of the lyophilized preparation of D. flagrans chlamydospores in isolation demonstrated an 89.8% larval reduction rate. The formulation containing D. flagrans showed high predatory capacity after passage through the gastrointestinal tract of sheep and was effective for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes, which greatly reduced the pollution of the grassland, and avoid reinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Medicine Experimental Teaching Center, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Vocational and Technical College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Karakqin Banner, Chifeng city, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjuan Gao
- Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Karakqin Banner, Chifeng city, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Tonghai Liu
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Medicine Experimental Teaching Center, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Medicine Experimental Teaching Center, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiannan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Medicine Experimental Teaching Center, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Animal Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Medicine Experimental Teaching Center, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xihuo You
- Agrichina Pharmaceutical Co.,ltd., Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Salmo R, Viña C, Zubiria I, Malagón JÁH, Sanchís JM, Cazapal C, Arias MS, Sánchez-Andrade R, Paz-Silva A. Formulating Parasiticidal Fungi in Dried Edible Gelatins to Reduce the Risk of Infection by Trichuris sp. among Continuous Grazing Bison. Pathogens 2024; 13:82. [PMID: 38251389 PMCID: PMC10818377 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Control of infection by gastrointestinal nematodes remains a big problem in ruminants under continuous grazing. For the purpose of decreasing the risk of infection by Trichuris sp. in captive bison (Bison bison) always maintained in the same plot, dried gelatins having ≥106 chlamydospores of both Mucor circinelloides and Duddingtonia flagrans were given to them for one week, and at the end, fecal samples (FF) collected each week for four weeks were analyzed immediately. Feces taken one week prior to gelatin administration served as controls (CF). Eggs of Trichuris sp. were sorted into non-viable and viable, then classified into viable undeveloped (VU), viable with cellular development (VCD), or viable infective (VI). Ovistatic and ovicidal effects were determined throughout the study. In FF, viability of Trichuris eggs decreased between 9% (first week) and 57% (fourth week), egg development was delayed during the first two weeks, and VI percentages were significantly lower than in CF (p = 0.001). It is concluded that the preparation of gelatins with chlamydospores of parasiticidal fungi and their subsequent dehydration offer an edible formulation that is ready to use, stress-free to supply, and easy to store, as well as being well-accepted by ruminants and highly efficient to reduce the risk of Trichuris sp. infection among animals under continuous grazing regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Salmo
- Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (R.S.); (C.V.); (I.Z.); (J.Á.H.M.); (C.C.); (R.S.-A.)
| | - Cándido Viña
- Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (R.S.); (C.V.); (I.Z.); (J.Á.H.M.); (C.C.); (R.S.-A.)
| | - Izaro Zubiria
- Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (R.S.); (C.V.); (I.Z.); (J.Á.H.M.); (C.C.); (R.S.-A.)
| | - José Ángel Hernández Malagón
- Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (R.S.); (C.V.); (I.Z.); (J.Á.H.M.); (C.C.); (R.S.-A.)
| | - Jaime M. Sanchís
- Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary, University of “La República” (Regional Litoral Norte), Salto 50000, Uruguay;
| | - Cristiana Cazapal
- Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (R.S.); (C.V.); (I.Z.); (J.Á.H.M.); (C.C.); (R.S.-A.)
| | - María Sol Arias
- Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (R.S.); (C.V.); (I.Z.); (J.Á.H.M.); (C.C.); (R.S.-A.)
| | - Rita Sánchez-Andrade
- Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (R.S.); (C.V.); (I.Z.); (J.Á.H.M.); (C.C.); (R.S.-A.)
| | - Adolfo Paz-Silva
- Control of Parasites Group (COPAR, GI-2120), Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (R.S.); (C.V.); (I.Z.); (J.Á.H.M.); (C.C.); (R.S.-A.)
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5
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Nunes GT, Corrêa DC, Chitolina MB, da Rosa G, Pereira RCDF, Cargnelutti JF, Vogel FSF. Efficacy Evaluation of a Commercial Formulation With Duddingtonia Flagrans in Equine Gastrointestinal Nematodes. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 131:104930. [PMID: 37739142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The indiscriminate use of antiparasitics for the treatment of helminths in horses has caused the ineffectiveness of commonly used chemical active principles, therefore, new alternatives such as the use of helminthophagous fungi have been studied. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of the commercial formulation Bioverm, composed of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans strain AC001, in the reduction of gastrointestinal nematode larvae in equine feces. In coproculture, the genus Cyathostomum sp. was the most prevalent in the analyzed samples. The commercial formulation with D. flagrans demonstrated effectiveness in the predation of Cyathostomum sp. in tests. The recommended dose of 0.4 g, containing 105 chlamydospores per gram of product, reduced larvae by 44.23%, while the extrapolated dose of 1.0 g with the same concentrations of chlamydospores (105/g) resulted in a reduction of 57.20%, indicating the effectiveness of the product in controlling infective larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Tormes Nunes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diego Cristiano Corrêa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Gilneia da Rosa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Bacteriologia (LABAC), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flôres Vogel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias (LADOPAR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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6
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Souza DCD, Silva ACD, Silva ATD, Castro CRDS, Albuquerque LB, Moreira TF, de Araújo JV, Braga FR, Soares FEDF. Compatibility study of Duddingtonia flagrans conidia and its crude proteolytic extract. Vet Parasitol 2023; 322:110030. [PMID: 37729830 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.110030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the concomitant use of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and its protease-rich crude extract for the in vitro control of Panagrellus sp., Haemonchus spp., and Trichostrongylus spp. The nematicidal tests were carried out on larvae of the free-living nematode Panagrellus sp. and infective larvae of the gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes of domestic ruminants (Haemonchus spp. and Trichostrongylus spp). Five experimental groups were set: (1) one control group (G1) and (4) four treated groups -G2 - active crude extract; G3 - denatured crude extract; G4 - fungus, and G5 - fungus + active extract. Plates were incubated at 28 ºC for 24 h followed by the recovery of the larvae using the Baermann technique. The results showed a lower recovery of Panagrellus sp. larvae in the experimental groups compared to the control group, as follows: 52 % (G2), 16 % (G3), 46 % (G4), and 77 % (G5). An even greater reduction (77 ± 5 %) occurred in the group (G5). In addition, the authors observed lower averages of L3 of Haemonchus spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. in the experimental groups compared to the control group, as follows: 59 % (G2), 0 % (G3), 86 % (G4), and 76 % (G5). In turn, there was a difference (p < 0.01) between (G5) and (G2). The results this study indicate a positive effect from the compatible use of the D. flagrans fungus and its enzymatic crude extract (protease), which has been demonstrated here for the first time and with potential field applications for further designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Castro de Souza
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioquímica Aplicada, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina da Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioquímica Aplicada, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brazil
| | - Adriane Toledo da Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Bioquímica Aplicada, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brazil
| | | | - Laisa Bastos Albuquerque
- Escola de Veterinária, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tiago Facury Moreira
- Escola de Veterinária, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Ribeiro Braga
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Experimental e Controle Biológico, Universidade Vila Velha, Brazil
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7
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Mendes LQ, Ferraz CM, Ribeiro NRC, Ulfeldt KB, Ribeiro JCC, Merizio MF, Rossi GAM, Aguiar AARM, Araújo JVD, Soares FEDF, Vilela VLR, Braga FR. Efficacy of Duddingtonia flagrans (Bioverm®) on the biological control of buffalo gastrointestinal nematodes. Exp Parasitol 2023; 253:108592. [PMID: 37549824 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy of Bioverm®, a commercial product containing Duddingtonia flagrans, on the control of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) gastrointestinal nematodes. We randomly divided 12 buffaloes into two groups of six animals. In the treated group, each animal received a Bioverm®`s single dose of 1g (105 chlamydospores of D. flagrans) to 10 kg of live weight; in the control group, each animal received 1g of corn bran for each 10 kg of live weight as a placebo. Fecal samples were individually collected from 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h after treatments. To examine 1) viability of chlamydospores passed through the gastrointestinal tract, 2 g of faeces and 1000 infective larvae (L3) were added to Petri dishes with 2% water-agar, and 2) to examine larval predation by D. flagrans during fecal cultures, 2000 L3 were added. In the Petri dishes, were observed significant reductions (p < 0.01) in the treated group after 48 (56.7%) and 60 h (91.5%). In the fecal cultures, significant reductions (p < 0.01) occurred in the treated group from 36 h (75%), with larval reduction up to 72 h. High larval predation rate occurred 60 h after Bioverm® administration. Bioverm® maintained viability and predation capacity after passage through the buffalo's gastrointestinal tract, showing efficacy on gastrointestinal nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanderson Queiroz Mendes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Magri Ferraz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Kim Borja Ulfeldt
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Mayara Faneli Merizio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fabio Ribeiro Braga
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Vila Velha - UVV, Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Elghandour MMMY, Maggiolino A, Vázquez-Mendoza P, Alvarado-Ramírez ER, Cedillo-Monroy J, De Palo P, Salem AZM. Moringa oleifera as a Natural Alternative for the Control of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Equines: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091921. [PMID: 37176979 PMCID: PMC10181162 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown a wide variety of parasites that infect horses, causing major gastrointestinal damage that can lead to death, and although the main method of control has been synthetic anthelmintics, there are parasites that have developed resistance to these drugs. For generations, plants have been used throughout the world as a cure or treatment for countless diseases and their symptoms, as is the case of Moringa oleifera, a plant native to the western region. In all its organs, mainly in leaves, M. oleifera presents a diversity of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, saponins, and vitamins, which provide antioxidant power to the plant. The compounds with the greatest antiparasitic activity are tannins and saponins, and they affect both the larvae and the oocytes of various equine gastrointestinal parasites. Therefore, M. oleifera is a promising source for the natural control of gastrointestinal parasites in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aristide Maggiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Paulina Vázquez-Mendoza
- Facultad Maya de Estudios Agropecuarios, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Catazajá 29980, Chiapas, Mexico
| | | | - José Cedillo-Monroy
- Temascaltepec University Center, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Temascaltepec 51300, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Pasquale De Palo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Toluca 50295, Estado de México, Mexico
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9
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Junco M, Iglesias LE, Sagüés F, Zegbi S, Guerrero I, Saumell CA. A review of the use of Duddingtonia flagrans as a biological controller of strongylid nematodes in horses. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:357-368. [PMID: 36434316 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07740-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In horses, the nematodes of the Strongylidae family are the most important due to their prevalence and pathogenicity. Sanitary plans include parasite control based on chemical anthelmintics. Among these, the benzimidazole compounds have been used since the 1960s to control the nematode Strongylus vulgaris. Its inappropriate use resulted in the development of resistance in parasites with a shorter biological cycle, such as the small strongyles. Currently, the genera that make up this group show widespread resistance to all chemical treatments available in veterinary medicine, except for macrocyclic lactones, where less effective action has been detected. The need to find alternative routes for its control is recognized. International organizations and markets are increasingly restrictive in the allowed levels of drugs in products of animal origin, so one of the drawbacks is the permanence of chemical compounds in tissues. Therefore, other tools not chemically based are proposed, such as the biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes. Various research groups around the world have carried out tests on the control capacity of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans against this group of parasites. The objective of this review is to compile the different tests that are available on biological control in this species, in in vivo and in vitro tests, and the possible incorporation of this tool as an alternative method of antiparasitic control in an integrated control scheme of parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Junco
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Parasitología Y Enfermedades Parasitarias, UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Environment and Health Applied Sciences Doctoral , Program (DCAAS) at UNICEN, Tandil, Argentina. .,Scientific Research Commission (CIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Lucia Emilia Iglesias
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Parasitología Y Enfermedades Parasitarias, UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federica Sagüés
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Parasitología Y Enfermedades Parasitarias, UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sara Zegbi
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Parasitología Y Enfermedades Parasitarias, UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ines Guerrero
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Parasitología Y Enfermedades Parasitarias, UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Alfredo Saumell
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Parasitología Y Enfermedades Parasitarias, UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Rodrigues JA, Roque FL, Lima BA, Silva Filho GM, Oliveira CSM, Sousa LC, Silva ALP, Lima EF, Feitosa TF, Braga FR, Araújo JV, Vilela VLR. Control of sheep gastrointestinal nematodes on pasture in the tropical semiarid region of Brazil, using Bioverm® (Duddingtonia flagrans). Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:179. [PMID: 35511381 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03181-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate a Brazilian commercial formulation of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans (Bioverm®) for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep kept on native pasture in the Caatinga biome, in the semiarid region of Brazil. Twenty ewes, aged between 12 and 18 months, were divided into two groups. In the treated group, each animal received 1 g of the Bioverm® product for each 10 kg of live weight, daily, together with commercial feed, for 6 months. In the control group, the animals received feed without Bioverm®. Each group remained throughout the experiment in a 1.2-ha paddock. Monthly counts of eggs per gram (EPG) of feces, fecal cultures, packed cell volume (PCV), weight measurements, and collection of leaf mass from the pasture were performed. There was greater reduction in EPG, greater weight gain, and less infestation by infective larvae in the paddock of the Bioverm® group, compared with the control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) in the mean PCV percentage between the Bioverm® and control groups. In coprocultures, Haemonchus sp. was the most prevalent helminth. Bioverm® (D. flagrans) was efficient for biological control of sheep gastrointestinal nematodes in the semiarid region of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jossiara Abrante Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência E Saúde Animal, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande-UFCG, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Francisco Leonardo Roque
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, s/n, Jardim Sorrilândia, Sousa, Paraiba, ZC 58800-970, Brazil
| | - Brendo Andrade Lima
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, s/n, Jardim Sorrilândia, Sousa, Paraiba, ZC 58800-970, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Moreira Silva Filho
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, s/n, Jardim Sorrilândia, Sousa, Paraiba, ZC 58800-970, Brazil
| | - Clarisse Silva Menezes Oliveira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, s/n, Jardim Sorrilândia, Sousa, Paraiba, ZC 58800-970, Brazil
| | - Luana Carneiro Sousa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, s/n, Jardim Sorrilândia, Sousa, Paraiba, ZC 58800-970, Brazil
| | - Ana Luzia Peixoto Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, s/n, Jardim Sorrilândia, Sousa, Paraiba, ZC 58800-970, Brazil
| | - Estefany Ferreira Lima
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, s/n, Jardim Sorrilândia, Sousa, Paraiba, ZC 58800-970, Brazil
| | - Thais Ferreira Feitosa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, s/n, Jardim Sorrilândia, Sousa, Paraiba, ZC 58800-970, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ribeiro Braga
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Vila Velha, UVV, Vila Velha, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Jackson Victor Araújo
- Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência E Saúde Animal, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande-UFCG, Patos, Paraiba, Brazil. .,Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, s/n, Jardim Sorrilândia, Sousa, Paraiba, ZC 58800-970, Brazil.
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