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Vasileva N, Ageenko A, Byvakina A, Sen’kova A, Kochneva G, Mishinov S, Richter V, Kuligina E. The Recombinant Oncolytic Virus VV-GMCSF-Lact and Chemotherapy Drugs against Human Glioma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4244. [PMID: 38673835 PMCID: PMC11049884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Virotherapy is one of the perspective technologies in the treatment of malignant neoplasms. Previously, we have developed oncolytic vaccinia virus VV-GMCSF-Lact and its high cytotoxic activity and antitumor efficacy against glioma was shown. In this work, using immortalized and patient-derived cells with different sensitivity to VV-GMCSF-Lact, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy agents. Additionally, we studied the combination of VV-GMCSF-Lact with temozolomide which is the most preferred drug for glioma treatment. Experimental results indicate that first adding temozolomide and then the virus to the cells is inherently more efficient than dosing it in the reverse order. Testing these regimens in the U87 MG xenograft glioblastoma model confirmed this effect, as assessed by tumor growth inhibition index and histological analysis. Moreover, VV-GMCSF-Lact as monotherapy is more effective against U87 MG glioblastoma xenografts comparing temozolomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vasileva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave, 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (A.A.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (V.R.); (E.K.)
- “Oncostar” LLC, Inzhenernaya Street 23, Novosibirsk 630090, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - Alisa Ageenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave, 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (A.A.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (V.R.); (E.K.)
| | - Arina Byvakina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave, 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (A.A.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (V.R.); (E.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Sen’kova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave, 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (A.A.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (V.R.); (E.K.)
| | - Galina Kochneva
- The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “VECTOR”, Koltsovo 630559, Novosibirsk Region, Russia;
| | - Sergey Mishinov
- Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan, Frunze Street 17, Novosibirsk 630091, Novosibirsk Region, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Richter
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave, 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (A.A.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (V.R.); (E.K.)
| | - Elena Kuligina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akad. Lavrentiev Ave, 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Novosibirsk Region, Russia; (A.A.); (A.B.); (A.S.); (V.R.); (E.K.)
- “Oncostar” LLC, Inzhenernaya Street 23, Novosibirsk 630090, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
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Nia GE, Nikpayam E, Farrokhi M, Bolhassani A, Meuwissen R. Advances in cell-based delivery of oncolytic viruses as therapy for lung cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200788. [PMID: 38596310 PMCID: PMC10976516 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer's intractability is enhanced by its frequent resistance to (chemo)therapy and often high relapse rates that make it the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Improvement of therapy efficacy is a crucial issue that might lead to a significant advance in the treatment of lung cancer. Oncolytic viruses are desirable combination partners in the developing field of cancer immunotherapy due to their direct cytotoxic effects and ability to elicit an immune response. Systemic oncolytic virus administration through intravenous injection should ideally lead to the highest efficacy in oncolytic activity. However, this is often hampered by the prevalence of host-specific, anti-viral immune responses. One way to achieve more efficient systemic oncolytic virus delivery is through better protection against neutralization by several components of the host immune system. Carrier cells, which can even have innate tumor tropism, have shown their appropriateness as effective vehicles for systemic oncolytic virus infection through circumventing restrictive features of the immune system and can warrant oncolytic virus delivery to tumors. In this overview, we summarize promising results from studies in which carrier cells have shown their usefulness for improved systemic oncolytic virus delivery and better oncolytic virus therapy against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giti Esmail Nia
- Faculty of Allied Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Basic Oncology, Health Institute of Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elahe Nikpayam
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ralph Meuwissen
- Department of Basic Oncology, Health Institute of Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
- Ege University Translational Pulmonary Research Center (EgeSAM), Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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3
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Sakhi H, Arabi M, Ghaemi A, Movafagh A, Sheikhpour M. Oncolytic viruses in lung cancer treatment: a review article. Immunotherapy 2024; 16:75-97. [PMID: 38112057 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has a high morbidity rate worldwide due to its resistance to therapy. So new treatment options are needed to improve the outcomes of lung cancer treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oncolytic viruses (OVs) as a new type of cancer treatment. In this study, 158 articles from PubMed and Scopus from 1994 to 2022 were reviewed on the effectiveness of OVs in the treatment of lung cancer. The oncolytic properties of eight categories of OVs and their interactions with treatment options were investigated. OVs can be applied as a promising immunotherapy option, as they are reproduced selectively in different types of cancer cells, cause tumor cell lysis and trigger efficient immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Sakhi
- Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Arabi
- Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Movafagh
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Mojgan Sheikhpour
- Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
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4
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Liao ZX, Hsu SH, Tang SC, Kempson I, Yang PC, Tseng SJ. Potential targeting of the tumor microenvironment to improve cancer virotherapy. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108521. [PMID: 37657673 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
In 2015, oncolytic virotherapy was approved for clinical use, and in 2017, recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery was also approved. However, systemic administration remains challenging due to the limited number of viruses that successfully reach the target site. Although the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) permits the use of higher doses of AAV to achieve greater rates of transduction, most AAV still accumulates in the liver, potentially leading to toxicity there and elsewhere. Targeting the tumor microenvironment is a promising strategy for cancer treatment due to the critical role of the tumor microenvironment in controlling tumor progression and influencing the response to therapies. Newly discovered evidence indicates that administration routes focusing on the tumor microenvironment can promote delivery specificity and transduction efficacy within the tumor. Here, we review approaches that involve modifying viral surface features, modulating the immune system, and targeting the physicochemical characteristics in tumor microenvironment to regulate therapeutic delivery. Targeting tumor acidosis presents advantages that can be leveraged to enhance virotherapy outcomes and to develop new therapeutic approaches that can be integrated with standard treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xian Liao
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shiue-Cheng Tang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ivan Kempson
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - S Ja Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; National Taiwan University YongLin Institute of Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; Program in Precision Health and Intelligent Medicine, Graduate School of Advanced Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan.
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5
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Nistal-Villan E, Rius-Rocabert S, Llinares-Pinel F. Oncolytic virotherapy in lung cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 379:221-239. [PMID: 37541725 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung tumors are one of the most aggressive threats affecting humans. Current therapeutic approaches have improved patients' survival; however, further efforts are required to increase effectiveness and protection against tumor relapse and metastasis. Immunotherapy presents an alternative to previous treatments that focuses on stimulating of the patient's immune system to destroy tumor cells. Viruses can be used as part of the immune therapeutic approach as agents that could selectively infect tumor cells, triggering an immune response against the infection and against the tumor cells. Some viruses have been selected for specifically infecting and destroying cancer cells, activating the immune response, enhancing access, amplifying the cytotoxicity against the tumor cells, and improving the long-term memory that can prevent tumor relapse. Oncolytic virotherapy can then be used as a strategy to target the destruction of transformed cells at the tumor site and act in locations distant from the primary targeted tumor site. Some of the current challenges in lung cancer treatment can be addressed using traditional therapies combined with oncolytic virotherapy. Defining the best combination, including the choice of the right settings will be at the next frontier in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estanislao Nistal-Villan
- Microbiology Section, Departamento CC, Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA) Nemesio Díez, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain.
| | - Sergio Rius-Rocabert
- Microbiology Section, Departamento CC, Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain; Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA) Nemesio Díez, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Francisco Llinares-Pinel
- Microbiology Section, Departamento CC, Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
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6
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Vorobjeva IV, Zhirnov OP. Modern approaches to treating cancer with oncolytic viruses. MICROBIOLOGY INDEPENDENT RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.18527/2500-2236-2022-9-1-91-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. This serves as a powerful incentive to search for new effective cancer treatments. Development of new oncolytic viruses capable of selectively destroying cancer cells is one of the modern approaches to cancer treatment. The advantage of this method – the selective lysis of tumor cells with the help of viruses – leads to an increase in the antitumor immune response of the body, that in turn promotes the destruction of the primary tumor and its metastases. Significant progress in development of this method has been achieved in the last decade. In this review we analyze the literature data on families of oncolytic viruses that have demonstrated a positive therapeutic effect against malignant neoplasms in various localizations. We discuss the main mechanisms of the oncolytic action of viruses and assess their advantages over other methods of cancer therapy as well as the prospects for their use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. V. Vorobjeva
- N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology
| | - O. P. Zhirnov
- N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology; The Russian-German Academy of Medical and Biotechnological Sciences
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7
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Li Z, Feiyue Z, Gaofeng L, Haifeng L. Lung cancer and oncolytic virotherapy--enemy's enemy. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101563. [PMID: 36244134 PMCID: PMC9561464 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors that seriously threaten human health worldwide, while the covid-19 virus has become people's nightmare after the coronavirus pandemic. There are too many similarities between cancer cells and viruses, one of the most significant is that both of them are our enemies. The strategy to take the advantage of the virus to beat cancer cells is called Oncolytic virotherapy. When immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors has made remarkable breakthroughs in the clinical practice of lung cancer, the induction of antitumor immunity from immune cells gradually becomes a rapidly developing and promising strategy of cancer therapy. Oncolytic virotherapy is based on the same mechanisms that selectively kill tumor cells and induce systemic anti-tumor immunity, but still has a long way to go before it becomes a standard treatment for lung cancer. This article provides a comprehensive review of the latest progress in oncolytic virotherapy for lung cancer, including the specific mechanism of oncolytic virus therapy and the main types of oncolytic viruses, and the combination of oncolytic virotherapy and existing standard treatments. It aims to provide new insights and ideas on oncolytic virotherapy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Li
- Department of Oncology, Gejiu People's Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Zhang Feiyue
- Department of Oncology, Yuxi People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Li Gaofeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Liang Haifeng
- Department of Oncology, Gejiu People's Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China,Corresponding author.
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8
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Luo D, Wang H, Wang Q, Liang W, Liu B, Xue D, Yang Y, Ma B. Senecavirus A as an Oncolytic Virus: Prospects, Challenges and Development Directions. Front Oncol 2022; 12:839536. [PMID: 35371972 PMCID: PMC8968071 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.839536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses have the capacity to selectively kill infected tumor cells and trigger protective immunity. As such, oncolytic virotherapy has become a promising immunotherapy strategy against cancer. A variety of viruses from different families have been proven to have oncolytic potential. Senecavirus A (SVA) was the first picornavirus to be tested in humans for its oncolytic potential and was shown to penetrate solid tumors through the vascular system. SVA displays several properties that make it a suitable model, such as its inability to integrate into human genome DNA and the absence of any viral-encoded oncogenes. In addition, genetic engineering of SVA based on the manipulation of infectious clones facilitates the development of recombinant viruses with improved therapeutic indexes to satisfy the criteria of safety and efficacy regulations. This review summarizes the current knowledge and strategies of genetic engineering for SVA, and addresses the current challenges and future directions of SVA as an oncolytic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dankun Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenping Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongbo Xue
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Oncology, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Biao Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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9
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Saha D, Rabkin SD, Martuza RL. Temozolomide antagonizes oncolytic immunovirotherapy in glioblastoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000345. [PMID: 32457126 PMCID: PMC7252967 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy is a current standard of care for glioblastoma (GBM), however it has only extended overall survival by a few months. Because it also modulates the immune system, both beneficially and negatively, understanding how TMZ interacts with immunotherapeutics is important. Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) is a new class of cancer therapeutic with both cytotoxic and immunostimulatory activities. Here, we examine the combination of TMZ and an oHSV encoding murine interleukin 12, G47Δ-mIL12, in a mouse immunocompetent GBM model generated from non-immunogenic 005 GBM stem-like cells (GSCs. METHODS We first investigated the cytotoxic effects of TMZ and/or G47Δ-IL12 treatments in vitro, and then the antitumor effects of combination therapy in vivo in orthotopically implanted 005 GSC-derived brain tumors. To improve TMZ sensitivity, O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was inhibited. The effects of TMZ on immune cells were evaluated by flow cytometery and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The combination of TMZ+G47Δ-IL12 kills 005 GSCs in vitro better than single treatments. However, TMZ does not improve the survival of orthotopic tumor-bearing mice treated with G47Δ-IL12, but rather can abrogate the beneficial effects of G47Δ-IL12 when the two are given concurrently. TMZ negatively affects intratumor T cells and macrophages and splenocytes. Addition of MGMT inhibitor O6-benzylguanine (O6-BG), an inactivating pseudosubstrate of MGMT, to TMZ improved survival, but the combination with G47Δ-IL12 did not overcome the antagonistic effects of TMZ treatment on oHSV therapy. CONCLUSIONS These results illustrate that chemotherapy can adversely affect oHSV immunovirotherapy. As TMZ is the standard of care for GBM, the timing of these combined therapies should be taken into consideration when planning oHSV clinical trials with chemotherapy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipongkor Saha
- Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center - Abilene Campus, Abilene, Texas, USA
| | - Samuel D Rabkin
- Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert L Martuza
- Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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10
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Mobaraki M, Moradi H. Design of robust control strategy in drug and virus scheduling in nonlinear process of chemovirotherapy. Comput Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Nguyen HM, Guz-Montgomery K, Lowe DB, Saha D. Pathogenetic Features and Current Management of Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040856. [PMID: 33670551 PMCID: PMC7922739 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common form of primary malignant brain tumor with a devastatingly poor prognosis. The disease does not discriminate, affecting adults and children of both sexes, and has an average overall survival of 12-15 months, despite advances in diagnosis and rigorous treatment with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgical resection. In addition, most survivors will eventually experience tumor recurrence that only imparts survival of a few months. GBM is highly heterogenous, invasive, vascularized, and almost always inaccessible for treatment. Based on all these outstanding obstacles, there have been tremendous efforts to develop alternative treatment options that allow for more efficient targeting of the tumor including small molecule drugs and immunotherapies. A number of other strategies in development include therapies based on nanoparticles, light, extracellular vesicles, and micro-RNA, and vessel co-option. Advances in these potential approaches shed a promising outlook on the future of GBM treatment. In this review, we briefly discuss the current understanding of adult GBM's pathogenetic features that promote treatment resistance. We also outline novel and promising targeted agents currently under development for GBM patients during the last few years with their current clinical status.
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12
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Jin KT, Du WL, Liu YY, Lan HR, Si JX, Mou XZ. Oncolytic Virotherapy in Solid Tumors: The Challenges and Achievements. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040588. [PMID: 33546172 PMCID: PMC7913179 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) is a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) could be applied in cancer immunotherapy without in-depth knowledge of tumor antigens. The capability of genetic modification makes OVs exciting therapeutic tools with a high potential for manipulation. Improving efficacy, employing immunostimulatory elements, changing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) to inflammatory TME, optimizing their delivery system, and increasing the safety are the main areas of OVs manipulations. Recently, the reciprocal interaction of OVs and TME has become a hot topic for investigators to enhance the efficacy of OVT with less off-target adverse events. Current investigations suggest that the main application of OVT is to provoke the antitumor immune response in the TME, which synergize the effects of other immunotherapies such as immune-checkpoint blockers and adoptive cell therapy. In this review, we focused on the effects of OVs on the TME and antitumor immune responses. Furthermore, OVT challenges, including its moderate efficiency, safety concerns, and delivery strategies, along with recent achievements to overcome challenges, are thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Tao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China; (K.-T.J.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - Wen-Lin Du
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China;
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yu-Yao Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China; (K.-T.J.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - Huan-Rong Lan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China;
| | - Jing-Xing Si
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (J.-X.S.); (X.-Z.M.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-85893781 (J.-X.S.); +86-571-85893985 (X.-Z.M.)
| | - Xiao-Zhou Mou
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (J.-X.S.); (X.-Z.M.); Tel./Fax: +86-571-85893781 (J.-X.S.); +86-571-85893985 (X.-Z.M.)
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13
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Abstract
Delivery of genetic material to tissues in vivo is an important technique used in research settings and is the foundation upon which clinical gene therapy is built. The lung is a prime target for gene delivery due to a host of genetic, acquired, and infectious diseases that manifest themselves there, resulting in many pathologies. However, the in vivo delivery of genetic material to the lung remains a practical problem clinically and is considered the major obstacle needed to be overcome for gene therapy. Currently there are four main strategies for in vivo gene delivery to the lung: viral vectors, liposomes, nanoparticles, and electroporation. Viral delivery uses several different genetically modified viruses that enter the cell and express desired genes that have been inserted to the viral genome. Liposomes use combinations of charged and neutral lipids that can encapsulate genetic cargo and enter cells through endogenous mechanisms, thereby delivering their cargoes. Nanoparticles are defined by their size (typically less than 100 nm) and are made up of many different classes of building blocks, including biological and synthetic polymers, cell penetrant and other peptides, and dendrimers, that also enter cells through endogenous mechanisms. Electroporation uses mild to moderate electrical pulses to create pores in the cell membrane through which delivered genetic material can enter a cell. An emerging fifth category, exosomes and extracellular vesicles, may have advantages of both viral and non-viral approaches. These extracellular vesicles bud from cellular membranes containing receptors and ligands that may aid cell targeting and which can be loaded with genetic material for efficient transfer. Each of these vectors can be used for different gene delivery applications based on mechanisms of action, side-effects, and other factors, and their use in the lung and possible clinical considerations is the primary focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday K Baliga
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - David A Dean
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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14
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Pooladvand P, Yun CO, Yoon AR, Kim PS, Frascoli F. The role of viral infectivity in oncolytic virotherapy outcomes: A mathematical study. Math Biosci 2020; 334:108520. [PMID: 33290764 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2020.108520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A model capturing the dynamics between virus and tumour cells in the context of oncolytic virotherapy is presented and analysed. The ability of the virus to be internalised by uninfected cells is described by an infectivity parameter, which is inferred from available experimental data. The parameter is also able to describe the effects of changes in the tumour environment that affect viral uptake from tumour cells. Results show that when a virus is inoculated inside a growing tumour, strategies for enhancing infectivity do not lead to a complete eradication of the tumour. Within typical times of experiments and treatments, we observe the onset of oscillations, which always prevent a full destruction of the tumour mass. These findings are in good agreement with available laboratory results. Further analysis shows why a fully successful therapy cannot exist for the proposed model and that care must be taken when designing and engineering viral vectors with enhanced features. In particular, bifurcation analysis reveals that creating longer lasting virus particles or using strategies for reducing infected cell lifespan can cause unexpected and unwanted surges in the overall tumour load over time. Our findings suggest that virotherapy alone seems unlikely to be effective in clinical settings unless adjuvant strategies are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantea Pooladvand
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, Collage of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A-Rum Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, Collage of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Peter S Kim
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Federico Frascoli
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
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15
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Zhang B, Cheng P. Improving antitumor efficacy via combinatorial regimens of oncolytic virotherapy. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:158. [PMID: 33172438 PMCID: PMC7656670 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a promising therapeutic strategy, oncolytic virotherapy has shown potent anticancer efficacy in numerous pre-clinical and clinical trials. Oncolytic viruses have the capacity for conditional-replication within carcinoma cells leading to cell death via multiple mechanisms, including direct lysis of neoplasms, induction of immunogenic cell death, and elicitation of innate and adaptive immunity. In addition, these viruses can be engineered to express cytokines or chemokines to alter tumor microenvironments. Combination of oncolytic virotherapy with other antitumor therapeutic modalities, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy as well as cancer immunotherapy can be used to target a wider range of tumors and promote therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we outline the basic biological characteristics of oncolytic viruses and the underlying mechanisms that support their use as promising antitumor drugs. We also describe the enhanced efficacy attributed to virotherapy combined with other drugs for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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16
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Orouei S, Kiavash Hushmandi, Hakimi A, Amirhossein Zabolian, Daneshi S, Samarghandian S, Baradaran B, Najafi M. MicroRNA-mediated autophagy regulation in cancer therapy: The role in chemoresistance/chemosensitivity. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 892:173660. [PMID: 33310181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemoresistance has doubled the effort needed to reach an effective treatment for cancer. Now, scientists should consider molecular pathways and mechanisms involved in chemoresistance to overcome cancer. Autophagy is a "self-digestion" mechanism in which potentially toxic and aged organelles and macromolecules are degraded. Increasing evidence has shown that autophagy possesses dual role in cancer cells (onco-suppressor or oncogene). So, it is vital to identify its role in cancer progression and malignancy. MicroRNAs (miRs) are epigenetic factors capable of modulation of autophagy in cancer cells. In the current review, we emphasize on the relationship between miRs and autophagy in cancer chemotherapy. Besides, we discuss upstream mediators of miR/autophagy axis in cancer chemotherapy including long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, Nrf2 c-Myc, and HIF-1α. At the final section, we provide a discussion about how anti-tumor compounds affect miR/autophagy axis in ensuring chemosensitivity. These topics are described in this review to show how autophagy inhibition/induction can lead to chemosensitivity/chemoresistance, and miRs are considered as key players in these discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sima Orouei
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Hakimi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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17
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Zhang W, Chen CC, Ning J. Combining oncolytic virus with FDA approved pharmacological agents for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2020; 21:183-189. [PMID: 32799567 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1811848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have been engineered to selectively replicate in cancer cells. While initially thought to exert its anti-cancer effects through direct cytolysis, it is increasingly appreciated that OVs interact with a multitude of cellular processes during its life cycle; FDA approved pharmacologic agents that modulate these cellular processes have been shown to augment the anti-neoplastic effects of OVs. Moreover, because of the release of tumor antigens as well as the innate immuno-stimulatory nature of viruses, OVs induce potent immune responses that augment the anti-tumor effects of FDA approved immunotherapies. There is mounting interest in OV as a platform for combinational anti-cancer therapy in this context. AREAS COVERED We will review pre-clinical and clinical data that demonstrate proof-of-principle and potential efficacy for OV-based combination therapies with FDA approved anti-cancer agents. EXPERT OPINION While the cytolytic activity of OV remains a key driver for its anti-neoplastic effects, understanding the virus-host interactions may afford opportunities for potential synergism with FDA approved therapeutics that target these interactions. Most intriguingly, the immune stimulatory effects of OVs renders combination with FDA approved immunotherapies more potent. While there are growing clinical trials employing such combination therapy, meaningful advances in this paradigm will require improved understanding of virus-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota Medical School , Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Clark C Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota Medical School , Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jianfang Ning
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota Medical School , Minneapolis, MN, USA
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18
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Malfitano AM, Di Somma S, Iannuzzi CA, Pentimalli F, Portella G. Virotherapy: From single agents to combinatorial treatments. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113986. [PMID: 32330494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Virotherpay is emerging as a promising strategy against cancer, and three oncolytic viruses (OVs) have gained approval in different countries for the treatment of several cancer types. Beyond the capability to selectively infect, replicate and lyse cancer cells, OVs act through a multitude of events, including modification of the tumour micro/macro-environment as well as a complex modulation of the anti-tumour immune response by activation of danger signals and immunogenic cell death pathways. Most OVs show limited effects, depending on the viral platform and the interactions with the host. OVs used as monotherapy only in a minority of patients elicited a full response. Better outcomes were obtained using OVs in combination with other treatments, such as immune therapy or chemotherapy, suggesting that the full potential of OVs can be unleashed in combination with other treatment modalities. Here, we report the main described combination of OVs with conventional chemotherapeutic agents: platinum salts, mitotic inhibitors, anthracyclines and other antibiotics, anti-metabolites, alkylating agents and topoisomerase inhibitors. Additionally, our work provides an overview of OV combination with targeted therapies: histone deacetylase inhibitors, kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, inhibitors of DNA repair, inhibitors of the proteasome complex and statins that demonstrated enhanced OV anti-neoplastic activity. Although further studies are required to assess the best combinations to translate the results in the clinic, it is clear that combined therapies, acting with complementary mechanisms of action might be useful to target cancer lesions resistant to currently available treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Malfitano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università Federico II Napoli, Italy
| | - Sarah Di Somma
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università Federico II Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Portella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università Federico II Napoli, Italy.
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19
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Dickherber ML, Garnett-Benson C. NAD-linked mechanisms of gene de-repression and a novel role for CtBP in persistent adenovirus infection of lymphocytes. Virol J 2019; 16:161. [PMID: 31864392 PMCID: PMC6925507 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenovirus (AdV) infection is ubiquitous in the human population and causes acute infection in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. In addition to lytic infections in epithelial cells, AdV can persist in a latent form in mucosal lymphocytes, and nearly 80% of children contain viral DNA in the lymphocytes of their tonsils and adenoids. Reactivation of latent AdV is thought to be the source of deadly viremia in pediatric transplant patients. Adenovirus latency and reactivation in lymphocytes is not well studied, though immune cell activation has been reported to promote productive infection from latency. Lymphocyte activation induces global changes in cellular gene expression along with robust changes in metabolic state. The ratio of free cytosolic NAD+/NADH can impact gene expression via modulation of transcriptional repressor complexes. The NAD-dependent transcriptional co-repressor C-terminal Binding Protein (CtBP) was discovered 25 years ago due to its high affinity binding to AdV E1A proteins, however, the role of this interaction in the viral life cycle remains unclear. METHODS The dynamics of persistently- and lytically-infected cells are evaluated. RT-qPCR is used to evaluate AdV gene expression following lymphocyte activation, treatment with nicotinamide, or disruption of CtBP-E1A binding. RESULTS PMA and ionomycin stimulation shifts the NAD+/NADH ratio in lymphocytic cell lines and upregulates viral gene expression. Direct modulation of NAD+/NADH by nicotinamide treatment also upregulates early and late viral transcripts in persistently-infected cells. We found differential expression of the NAD-dependent CtBP protein homologs between lymphocytes and epithelial cells, and inhibition of CtBP complexes upregulates AdV E1A expression in T lymphocyte cell lines but not in lytically-infected epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide novel insight into factors that can regulate AdV infections in activated human lymphocytes and reveal that modulation of cellular NAD+/NADH can de-repress adenovirus gene expression in persistently-infected lymphocytes. In contrast, disrupting the NAD-dependent CtBP repressor complex interaction with PxDLS-containing binding partners paradoxically alters AdV gene expression. Our findings also indicate that CtBP activities on viral gene expression may be distinct from those occurring upon metabolic alterations in cellular NAD+/NADH ratios or those occurring after lymphocyte activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Dickherber
- Charlie Garnett-Benson, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 161 Jesse Hill Jr. Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Charlie Garnett-Benson
- Charlie Garnett-Benson, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, 161 Jesse Hill Jr. Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
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20
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Lin X, Jia Y, Dong X, Shen J, Jin Y, Li Y, Wang F, Anenberg E, Zhou J, Zhu J, Chen X, Xie Q, Xie Y. Diplatin, a Novel and Low-Toxicity Anti-Lung Cancer Platinum Complex, Activation of Cell Death in Tumors via a ROS/JNK/p53-Dependent Pathway, and a Low Rate of Acquired Treatment Resistance. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:982. [PMID: 31572176 PMCID: PMC6749073 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Platinum-based drugs prevail as the main treatment of lung cancer; this is caused by their relative effectiveness despite known side effects, such as neurotoxicity. The risk reward of the treatment and side effects is confronted when dosage is considered and when resistance to treatment develops. Development of new compounds that improve effectiveness and safety profiles addresses this ongoing need in clinical practice. Objectives: The novel water-soluble platinum complex, diplatin, was synthesized, and its antitumor potency and toxicology profile were evaluated in murine xenograft tumor models and in lung cancer cell lines. Methods: The effects of diplatin, cisplatin (DDP), and carboplatin (CBP) on the viability of nine lung tumor cell lines and one normal human lung epithelial cell line were evaluated using the MTT assay. Therapeutic index was calculated as LD50/ED50 to identify and compare the ideal therapeutic windows of the above compounds. Diplatin’s antitumor effects were assessed in lung xenograft tumors of nude mice; molecular mechanisms of therapeutic effects were identified. Results: Diplatin had desirable IC50 compared to CBP in a variety of cultured tumor cells, notably lung tumor cells. In the mouse xenograft lung tumor, diplatin led to a substantially improved therapeutic index when compared to the effects of DDP and CBP. Importantly, diplatin inhibited the growth of DDP-resistant lung tumor cells. Diplatin’s mode of action was characterized to be through cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and induction of lung tumor apoptosis via ROS/JNK/p53-mediated pathways. Conclusion: Diplatin was observed to have antitumor effects in mice with both greater potency and safety compared with DDP and CBP. These observations indicate that diplatin is promising as a potential treatment in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Lin
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Jia
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of Food and Drug Administration of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Breath Smooth Biotech Hangzhou Co., LTD, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinwei Dong
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of Food and Drug Administration of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Breath Smooth Biotech Hangzhou Co., LTD, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of Food and Drug Administration of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Breath Smooth Biotech Hangzhou Co., LTD, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yachao Jin
- Breath Smooth Biotech Hangzhou Co., LTD, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyou Li
- Beijing Shuobai Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Joinn Laboratories, BAD, Beijing, China
| | - Eitan Anenberg
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiancang Zhou
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Zhu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Beijing Shuobai Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Qiangmin Xie
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of Food and Drug Administration of China, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Xie
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Crenshaw BJ, Jones LB, Bell CR, Kumar S, Matthews QL. Perspective on Adenoviruses: Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, and Gene Therapy. Biomedicines 2019; 7:E61. [PMID: 31430920 PMCID: PMC6784011 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses are large (150 MDa) doubled-stranded DNA viruses that cause respiratory infections. These viruses are particularly pathogenic in healthy and immune-compromised individuals, and currently, no adenovirus vaccine is available for the general public. The purpose of this review is to describe (i) the epidemiology and pathogenicity of human adenoviruses, (ii) the biological role of adenovirus vectors in gene therapy applications, and (iii) the potential role of exosomes in adenoviral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brennetta J Crenshaw
- Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Leandra B Jones
- Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Courtnee' R Bell
- Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Division of Neonatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Qiana L Matthews
- Microbiology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
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22
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Yang X, Li S, Wang H, Chen W, Mou X, Wang S. Expression of coxsackie and adenovirus receptor is correlated with inferior prognosis in liver cancer patients. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:2485-2490. [PMID: 30719117 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), a tumor suppressor, is vital for the effectiveness of therapies which utilize the adenovirus. However, studies on CAR expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are conflicting and its clinical significance requires exploration. In this study, immunohistochemistry has been carried out on tissue microarrays consisting of 198 pairs of HCC and neighboring healthy tissue specimens from Chinese Han patients to evaluate CAR expression. Relative to normal tissues, decreased CAR expression (56% vs. 57%; P>0.05) was detected in HCC samples. CAR immunopositivity in tumors was not dependent upon sex, age, tumor dimensions, differentiation, TNM stage or metastasis in HCC patients; however, positive expression was observed in 56% of the samples from patients with hepatic metastasis, which was the same as those devoid of metastasis (56%; P=0.042). Furthermore, survival analysis confirmed that the expression of CAR revealed no correlation with the prognosis. It was established that CAR exerted complex effects during liver tumorigenesis, potentially based on the stage of the cancer. Therefore, CAR expression analysis has to be carried out prior to adenoviral oncolytic therapy to stratify the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Huiju Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Wanyuan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhou Mou
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Shibing Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
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23
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Xie W, Hao J, Zhang K, Fang X, Liu X. Adenovirus armed with VGLL4 selectively kills hepatocellular carcinoma with G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis promotion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2758-2763. [PMID: 30119884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Vestigial-Like Family Member 4 (VGLL4) functions as a native inhibitor of cell proliferation and tumor growth through multiple signaling pathways. We first discovered that VGLL4 causes G2/M phase arrest in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Then, we designed a novel survivin-regulated oncolytic adenovirus Ad-sp-VGLL4 carrying the VGLL4 gene. Ad-sp-VGLL4 exerted high HCC-targeting-selectivity but is less harmful to normal cells. This adenovirus construction enhanced antitumor activity due to G2/M phase arrest and enhanced apoptosis. It's also indicated that Ad-sp-VGLL4 could suppress the growth of transplanted tumor of HCC in vivo experiment. Taken together, our results suggest that Ad-sp-VGLL4 possesses strong antitumor capacity and has great potential use for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xie
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Jiali Hao
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Kangjian Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China; Shanghai YuanSong Biological Technology Co., Ltd, No. 1588, Shanghai and Hangzhou Highway, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201401, PR China.
| | - Xianlong Fang
- Shanghai YuanSong Biological Technology Co., Ltd, No. 1588, Shanghai and Hangzhou Highway, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201401, PR China.
| | - Xinyuan Liu
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China; Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, PR China; Shanghai YuanSong Biological Technology Co., Ltd, No. 1588, Shanghai and Hangzhou Highway, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201401, PR China.
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24
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Wechman SL, Rao XM, Gomez-Gutierrez JG, Zhou HS, McMasters KM. The role of JNK phosphorylation as a molecular target to enhance adenovirus replication, oncolysis and cancer therapeutic efficacy. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:1174-1184. [PMID: 30067431 PMCID: PMC6301809 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1491503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses (Ads) are cancer selective tumoricidal agents; however their mechanism of Ad-mediated cancer cell lysis, or oncolysis, remains undefined. This report focuses upon the autophagy mediator c-JUN n-terminal kinase (JNK) and its effects upon Ad oncolysis and replication. Previously, E1b-deleted Ads have been used to treat several hundred cancer patients with limited clinical efficacy. We hypothesize that by studying the potential interactions between E1b and JNK, mechanisms to improve oncolytic Ad design and cancer therapeutic efficacy may be elucidated. To test this hypothesis, E1b was selectively deleted from the Ad genome. These studies indicated that Ads encoding E1b induced JNK phosphorylation predominately occurred via E1b-19K. The expression of another crucial Ad gene E1a was then overexpressed by the CMV promoter via the replication competent Ad vector Adhz69; these data indicated that E1A also induced JNK phosphorylation. To assess the effects of host cell JNK expression upon Ad oncolysis and replication, siRNA targeting JNK1 and JNK2 (JNK1/2) were utilized. The oncolysis and replication of the E1b-19K wild-type Ads Ad5 and Adhz63 were significantly attenuated following JNK1/2 siRNA transfection. However the oncolytic effects and replication of the E1b-19K deleted Ad Adhz60 were not altered by JNK1/2 siRNA transfection, further implicating the crucial role of E1b-19K for Ad oncolysis and replication via JNK phosphorylation. This study has demonstrated for the first time that JNK is an intriguing molecular marker associated with enhanced Ad virotherapy efficacy, influencing future Ad vector design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen L. Wechman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xiao-Mei Rao
- Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jorge G. Gomez-Gutierrez
- Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Heshan Sam Zhou
- Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Kelly M. McMasters
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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25
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Garza-Morales R, Gonzalez-Ramos R, Chiba A, Montes de Oca-Luna R, McNally LR, McMasters KM, Gomez-Gutierrez JG. Temozolomide Enhances Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Virotherapy In Vitro. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E144. [PMID: 29772755 PMCID: PMC5977117 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10050144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive types of cancer, and treatment is limited to chemotherapy and radiation. Oncolytic virotherapy may be a promising approach to treat TNBC. However, oncolytic adenovirus (OAd)-based mono-therapeutic clinical trials have resulted in modest outcomes. The OAd potency could be increased by chemotherapy-induced autophagy, an intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to the lysosome. In this study, the ability of alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ)-induced autophagy to increase OAd replication and oncolysis in TNBC cells was evaluated. Human TNBC MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937 cells and mouse 4T1 cells were infected with an OAd expressing the red fluorescent protein mCherry on the virus capsid (OAdmCherry) alone or in combination with TMZ. TNBC cells treated with OAdmCherry/TMZ displayed greater mCherry and adenovirus (Ad) early region 1A (E1A) expression and enhanced cancer-cell killing compared to OAdmCherry or TMZ alone. The combined therapy-mediated cell death was associated with virus replication and accumulation of the autophagy marker light chain 3 (LC3)-II. Overall, this study provides experimental evidence of TMZ's ability to increase oncolytic virotherapy in both human and murine TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Garza-Morales
- The Hiram C. Polk Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico.
| | - Roxana Gonzalez-Ramos
- The Hiram C. Polk Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Akiko Chiba
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA.
| | - Roberto Montes de Oca-Luna
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico.
| | - Lacey R McNally
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA.
| | - Kelly M McMasters
- The Hiram C. Polk Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Jorge G Gomez-Gutierrez
- The Hiram C. Polk Jr., MD, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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26
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Hein DW, Kidd LCR. Design and Success of a 21st Century Cancer Education Program at the University of Louisville. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2018; 33:298-308. [PMID: 27474114 PMCID: PMC5280580 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-016-1083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality in the Commonwealth of Kentucky are among the highest in the nation. The University of Louisville was the recipient of a National Cancer Institute (NCI)-funded cancer education program grant in 1975 under the leadership of Dr. Norbert Burzynski. A new and totally redesigned performance-based University of Louisville Cancer Education Program was funded by NCI in 2011 to recruit and motivate outstanding undergraduate and health professional students to pursue further training and careers in cancer research. Here, we describe the strategy, design, methods, implementation, and accomplishments of our twenty-first century performance-based cancer education program. Our program will meet or exceed all of its 5-year performance goals, including the total number students (n = 156) and under-represented minorities (n = 53) who successfully completed the program under the mentorship of cancer research-intensive faculty members of the James Graham Brown Cancer Center (JGBCC). The mentored research program is complemented with professional development and enhancement activities, including cancer research seminars presented by faculty members actively engaged in research centered on the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of cancer, creation of individual career development plans, exploration of cancer research careers, and acquisition of professionalism skills. Student interests towards cancer research significantly increased after completion of the program compared to baseline (P = 0.02). Based on quantitative and qualitative analysis of various components of the curricula, the trainees favor practical, engaging, and interactive activities aligned within professional career goals and objectives. For instance, the trainees prefer two 30-min small group discussions on "Navigating Careers in Cancer Research" with faculty, professional students, and program alumni. Future updates to the program include new activities that capitalize on the cross-disciplinary background of our mentors and trainees as well as a team-based approach to professional development. Our cancer education program will continue to enhance the professional development of the next generation of cancer scientists and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Hein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Kosair Charities Clinical and Translational Research, 505 South Hancock Street, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - La Creis R Kidd
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Kosair Charities Clinical and Translational Research, 505 South Hancock Street, Louisville, KY, USA
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Garza-Morales R, Yaddanapudi K, Perez-Hernandez R, Riedinger E, McMasters KM, Shirwan H, Yolcu E, Montes de Oca-Luna R, Gomez-Gutierrez JG. Temozolomide renders murine cancer cells susceptible to oncolytic adenovirus replication and oncolysis. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:188-197. [PMID: 29252087 PMCID: PMC5836815 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1416274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The preclinical evaluation of oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) has been limited to cancer xenograft mouse models because OAds replicate poorly in murine cancer cells. The alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) has been shown to enhance oncolytic virotherapy in human cancer cells; therefore, we investigated whether TMZ could increase OAd replication and oncolysis in murine cancer cells. To test our hypothesis, three murine cancer cells were infected with OAd (E1b-deleted) alone or in combination with TMZ. TMZ increased OAd-mediated oncolysis in all three murine cancer cells tested. This increased oncolysis was, at least in part, due to productive virus replication, apoptosis, and autophagy induction. Most importantly, murine lung non-cancerous cells were not affected by OAd+TMZ. Moreover, TMZ increased Ad transduction efficiency. However, TMZ did not increase coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor; therefore, other mechanism could be implicated on the transduction efficiency. These results showed, for the first time, that TMZ could render murine tumor cells more susceptible to oncolytic virotherapy. The proposed combination of OAds with TMZ presents an attractive approach towards the evaluation of OAd potency and safety in syngeneic mouse models using these murine cancer cell-lines in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Garza-Morales
- The Hiram C. Polk Jr, MD, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.L. México
| | - Kavitha Yaddanapudi
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Rigoberto Perez-Hernandez
- The Hiram C. Polk Jr, MD, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Eric Riedinger
- The Hiram C. Polk Jr, MD, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Kelly M. McMasters
- The Hiram C. Polk Jr, MD, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Esma Yolcu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Roberto Montes de Oca-Luna
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.L. México
| | - Jorge G. Gomez-Gutierrez
- The Hiram C. Polk Jr, MD, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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Yuan S, Fang X, Xu Y, Ni A, Liu XY, Chu L. An oncolytic adenovirus that expresses the HAb18 and interleukin 24 genes exhibits enhanced antitumor activity in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60491-60502. [PMID: 27528029 PMCID: PMC5312398 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by alterations in multiple genes. High expression of CD147 on the surface of HCC cells promotes proliferation. The monoclonal antibody HAb18 recognizes CD147. We constructed an oncolytic adenoviral vector to express HAb18 (ZD55-HAb18) in HCC cells. Interleukin 24 (IL24) was co-expressed through the use of an F2A linker. ZD55-HAb18-IL24 decreased HCC cell viability to a greater degree than either ZD55-HAb18 or ZD55-IL24 alone. ZD55-HAb18-IL24 also induced apoptosis and autophagy in PLC/PRF/5 HCC cells. Intratumoral injection of ZD55-HAb18-IL24 repressed tumor growth in a PLC/PRF/5 xenograft model. Our results suggest that antibody-antitumor gene conjugation elicited a stronger antitumor effect than the antibody alone, and that this strategy could broaden the applications of antibody-based therapies in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Xianlong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China
| | - Aimin Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, P. R. China
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29
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Martinez-Jaramillo E, Garza-Morales R, Wechman SL, Montes de Oca-Luna R, Saucedo-Cardenas O, Shirwan H, Yolcu E, McMasters KM, Gomez-Gutierrez JG. Adenovirus Lacking E1b Efficiently Induces Cytopathic Effect in HPV-16-Positive Murine Cancer Cells via Virus Replication and Apoptosis. Cancer Invest 2018; 36:19-27. [PMID: 29388837 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2018.1430812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAds) replicate poorly in murine cancer cells; however, E1b-deleted CRAds may replicate effectively in HPV16-E6/E7-positive murine cancer cells (TC-1). The HPV16 E7 open reading frame encodes functions analogous to these deleted adenovirus E1 proteins. In this study, an E1b-deleted CRAd (Adhz60) was evaluated for its ability to replicate and induce oncolysis in TC-1 cells. Adhz60-mediated oncolysis was similar in TC-1 and HeLa cells. Productive viral replication was evident based on expression of E1A and hexon, production of infectious virus progeny, and Adhz60-induced apoptosis. The results suggest that TC-1 murine cancer cells allow Adhz60 replication and oncolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Martinez-Jaramillo
- a The Hiram C. Polk Jr., MD, Department of Surgery , University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville , USA.,b Department of Histology, School of Medicine , Autonomous University of Nuevo León , Monterrey , N.L. México
| | - Rodolfo Garza-Morales
- a The Hiram C. Polk Jr., MD, Department of Surgery , University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville , USA.,b Department of Histology, School of Medicine , Autonomous University of Nuevo León , Monterrey , N.L. México
| | - Stephen L Wechman
- a The Hiram C. Polk Jr., MD, Department of Surgery , University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville , USA
| | - Roberto Montes de Oca-Luna
- b Department of Histology, School of Medicine , Autonomous University of Nuevo León , Monterrey , N.L. México
| | - Odila Saucedo-Cardenas
- b Department of Histology, School of Medicine , Autonomous University of Nuevo León , Monterrey , N.L. México.,e Department of Molecular Genetics, Northeast Biomedical Research Center , Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) , Monterrey , N.L. México
| | - Haval Shirwan
- c Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Cellular Therapeutics , University of Louisville , Louisville , USA
| | - Esma Yolcu
- c Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Cellular Therapeutics , University of Louisville , Louisville , USA
| | - Kelly M McMasters
- a The Hiram C. Polk Jr., MD, Department of Surgery , University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville , USA.,d James Graham Brown Cancer Center , University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville , USA
| | - Jorge G Gomez-Gutierrez
- a The Hiram C. Polk Jr., MD, Department of Surgery , University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville , USA.,d James Graham Brown Cancer Center , University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville , USA
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30
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Malinzi J, Eladdadi A, Sibanda P. Modelling the spatiotemporal dynamics of chemovirotherapy cancer treatment. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DYNAMICS 2017; 11:244-274. [PMID: 28537127 DOI: 10.1080/17513758.2017.1328079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemovirotherapy is a combination therapy with chemotherapy and oncolytic viruses. It is gaining more interest and attracting more attention in the clinical setting due to its effective therapy and potential synergistic interactions against cancer. In this paper, we develop and analyse a mathematical model in the form of parabolic non-linear partial differential equations to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of tumour cells under chemovirotherapy treatment. The proposed model consists of uninfected and infected tumour cells, a free virus, and a chemotherapeutic drug. The analysis of the model is carried out for both the temporal and spatiotemporal cases. Travelling wave solutions to the spatiotemporal model are used to determine the minimum wave speed of tumour invasion. A sensitivity analysis is performed on the model parameters to establish the key parameters that promote cancer remission during chemovirotherapy treatment. Model analysis of the temporal model suggests that virus burst size and virus infection rate determine the success of the virotherapy treatment, whereas travelling wave solutions to the spatiotemporal model show that tumour diffusivity and growth rate are critical during chemovirotherapy. Simulation results reveal that chemovirotherapy is more effective and a good alternative to either chemotherapy or virotherapy, which is in agreement with the recent experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Malinzi
- a Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics , University of Pretoria , Hatfield , South Africa
| | - Amina Eladdadi
- b Department of Mathematics , The College of Saint Rose , Albany , New York , USA
| | - Precious Sibanda
- c School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science , University of KwaZulu Natal , Scottsville , South Africa
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31
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Howells A, Marelli G, Lemoine NR, Wang Y. Oncolytic Viruses-Interaction of Virus and Tumor Cells in the Battle to Eliminate Cancer. Front Oncol 2017; 7:195. [PMID: 28944214 PMCID: PMC5596080 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are an emerging treatment option for many cancer types and have recently been the focus of extensive research aiming to develop their therapeutic potential. The ultimate aim is to design a virus which can effectively replicate within the host, specifically target and lyse tumor cells and induce robust, long lasting tumor-specific immunity. There are a number of viruses which are either naturally tumor-selective or can be modified to specifically target and eliminate tumor cells. This means they are able to infect only tumor cells and healthy tissue remains unharmed. This specificity is imperative in order to reduce the side effects of oncolytic virotherapy. These viruses can also be modified by various methods including insertion and deletion of specific genes with the aim of improving their efficacy and safety profiles. In this review, we have provided an overview of the various virus species currently being investigated for their oncolytic potential and the positive and negative effects of a multitude of modifications used to increase their infectivity, anti-tumor immunity, and treatment safety, in particular focusing on the interaction of tumor cells and OVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwen Howells
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Marelli
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas R Lemoine
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaohe Wang
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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32
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Tazawa H, Kuroda S, Hasei J, Kagawa S, Fujiwara T. Impact of Autophagy in Oncolytic Adenoviral Therapy for Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071479. [PMID: 28698504 PMCID: PMC5535969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy has recently emerged as a promising strategy for inducing tumor-specific cell death. Adenoviruses are widely and frequently used in oncolytic virotherapy. The mechanism of oncolytic adenovirus-mediated tumor suppression involves virus-induced activation of the autophagic machinery in tumor cells. Autophagy is a cytoprotective process that produces energy via lysosomal degradation of intracellular components as a physiologic response to various stresses, including hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and disruption of growth signaling. However, infection with oncolytic adenoviruses induces autophagy and subsequent death of tumor cells rather than enhancing their survival. In this review, we summarize the beneficial role of autophagy in oncolytic adenoviral therapy, including the roles of infection, replication, and cell lysis. Numerous factors are involved in the promotion and inhibition of oncolytic adenovirus-mediated autophagy. Furthermore, recent evidence has shown that oncolytic adenoviruses induce autophagy-related immunogenic cell death (ICD), which enhances the antitumor immune response by inducing the activation of danger signal molecules and thus represents a novel cancer immunotherapy. Understanding the precise role of oncolytic adenovirus-induced autophagy and ICD could enhance the therapeutic potential of oncolytic adenoviral therapy for treating various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tazawa
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Shinji Kuroda
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Joe Hasei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Kagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
- Minimally Invasive Therapy Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
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33
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Fernandes J. Oncogenes: The Passport for Viral Oncolysis Through PKR Inhibition. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:101-10. [PMID: 27486347 PMCID: PMC4966488 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s33378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The transforming properties of oncogenes are derived from gain-of-function mutations, shifting cell signaling from highly regulated homeostatic to an uncontrolled oncogenic state, with the contribution of the inactivating mutations in tumor suppressor genes P53 and RB, leading to tumor resistance to conventional and target-directed therapy. On the other hand, this scenario fulfills two requirements for oncolytic virus infection in tumor cells: inactivation of tumor suppressors and presence of oncoproteins, also the requirements to engage malignancy. Several of these oncogenes have a negative impact on the main interferon antiviral defense, the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR), which helps viruses to spontaneously target tumor cells instead of normal cells. This review is focused on the negative impact of overexpression of oncogenes on conventional and targeted therapy and their positive impact on viral oncolysis due to their ability to inhibit PKR-induced translation blockage, allowing virion release and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Fernandes
- NUMPEX-BIO, Campus Xerém, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; Institute for Translational Research on Health and Environment in the Amazon Region-INPeTAm, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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34
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Bao L, Lv L, Feng J, Chen Y, Wang X, Han S, Zhao H. miR-487b-5p Regulates Temozolomide Resistance of Lung Cancer Cells Through LAMP2-Medicated Autophagy. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:385-92. [PMID: 27097129 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is a standard agent used in the treatment of various types of cancers, including lung carcinoma, but TMZ resistance is common and accounts for many treatment failures. We investigated miRNA-487b-5p (miR-487b-5p) was highly expressed in A549 and H1299 cells which acquired TMZ resistance. Suppression of miR-487b-5p had overt effects on cellular proliferation and migration in the presence of TMZ. On the other hand, knockdown of miR-487b-5p resulted in increased survival and moderate tumor growth in vivo. In addition, the decreased cellular proliferation following miR-487b-5p suppression was linked to enhanced autophagy, evident by drastically increased levels of LC3-II, BECLIN1, and LAMP2 when miR-487b-5p was knocked down. Further analysis revealed that LAMP2 might be the target gene of miR-487b-5p. In conclusion, our study suggested that miR-487b-5p may be a potential biomarker of acquired TMZ resistance in lung cancer cells, and miR-487b-5p inhibition can be further explored as a chemotherapy target in the treatment of TMZ-resistant lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Bao
- Department of Respirology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital , Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Lv
- Department of Respirology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital , Wuxi, China
| | - Jinping Feng
- Department of Respirology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital , Wuxi, China
| | - Yuyu Chen
- Department of Respirology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital , Wuxi, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Department of Respirology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital , Wuxi, China
| | - Shuguang Han
- Department of Respirology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital , Wuxi, China
| | - Hongqing Zhao
- Department of Respirology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital , Wuxi, China
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