1
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Chatterjee S, Starrett GJ. Microhomology-mediated repair machinery and its relationship with HPV-mediated oncogenesis. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29674. [PMID: 38757834 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) are a diverse family of non-enveloped dsDNA viruses that infect the skin and mucosal epithelia. Persistent HPV infections can lead to cancer frequently involving integration of the virus into the host genome, leading to sustained oncogene expression and loss of capsid and genome maintenance proteins. Microhomology-mediated double-strand break repair, a DNA double-stranded breaks repair pathway present in many organisms, was initially thought to be a backup but it's now seen as vital, especially in homologous recombination-deficient contexts. Increasing evidence has identified microhomology (MH) near HPV integration junctions, suggesting MH-mediated repair pathways drive integration. In this comprehensive review, we present a detailed summary of both the mechanisms underlying MH-mediated repair and the evidence for its involvement in HPV integration in cancer. Lastly, we highlight the involvement of these processes in the integration of other DNA viruses and the broader implications on virus lifecycles and host innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Chatterjee
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gabriel J Starrett
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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2
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Romero-Masters JC, Muehlbauer LK, Hayes M, Grace M, Shishkova E, Coon JJ, Munger K, Lambert PF. MmuPV1 E6 induces cell proliferation and other hallmarks of cancer. mBio 2023; 14:e0245823. [PMID: 37905801 PMCID: PMC10746199 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02458-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The Mus musculus papillomavirus 1 (MmuPV1) E6 and E7 proteins are required for MmuPV1-induced disease. Our understanding of the activities of MmuPV1 E6 has been based on affinity purification/mass spectrometry studies where cellular interacting partners of MmuPV1 E6 were identified, and these studies revealed that MmuPV1 E6 can inhibit keratinocyte differentiation through multiple mechanisms. We report that MmuPV1 E6 encodes additional activities including the induction of proliferation, resistance to density-mediated growth arrest, and decreased dependence on exogenous growth factors. Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses provided evidence that MmuPV1 E6 increases the expression and steady state levels of a number of cellular proteins that promote cellular proliferation and other hallmarks of cancer. These results indicate that MmuPV1 E6 is a major driver of MmuPV1-induced pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C. Romero-Masters
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Laura K. Muehlbauer
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mitchell Hayes
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Miranda Grace
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evgenia Shishkova
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joshua J. Coon
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Karl Munger
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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3
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Wu SC, Grace M, Munger K. The HPV8 E6 protein targets the Hippo and Wnt signaling pathways as part of its arsenal to restrain keratinocyte differentiation. mBio 2023; 14:e0155623. [PMID: 37676018 PMCID: PMC10653872 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01556-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect basal epithelial cells and cause a dramatic expansion of basal-like, proliferative cells. This reflects the ability of papillomaviruses to delay keratinocyte differentiation, thereby maintaining aspects of the basal cell identity of persistently infected cells. This may enable papillomaviruses to establish and maintain long-term infections in squamous epithelial tissues. Previous work has revealed that the ability of β-HPV8 E6 protein to inhibit Notch and transforming growth factor β signaling importantly contributes to this activity. Here, we present evidence that HPV8 E6 also subverts Hippo and Wnt signaling and that these activities also aid in restraining keratinocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C. Wu
- Molecular Microbiology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Miranda Grace
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karl Munger
- Molecular Microbiology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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4
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Gelbard MK, Munger K. Human papillomaviruses: Knowns, mysteries, and unchartered territories. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29191. [PMID: 37861365 PMCID: PMC10608791 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
There has been an explosion in the number of papillomaviruses that have been identified and fully sequenced. Yet only a minute fraction of these has been studied in any detail. Most of our molecular research efforts have focused on the E6 and E7 proteins of "high-risk," cancer-associated human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Interactions of the high-risk HPV E6 and E7 proteins with their respective cellular targets, the p53 and the retinoblastoma tumor suppressors, have been investigated in minute detail. Some have thus questioned if research on papillomaviruses remains an exciting and worthwhile area of investigation. However, fundamentally new insights on the biological activities and cellular targets of the high-risk HPV E6 and E7 proteins have been discovered and previously unstudied HPVs have been newly associated with human diseases. HPV infections continue to be an important cause of human morbidity and mortality and since there are no antivirals to combat HPV infections, research on HPVs should remain attractive to new investigators and biomedical funding agencies, alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya K. Gelbard
- Genetics, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Karl Munger
- Genetics, Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
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5
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Chatterjee N, Sultana F, Roy R, Dey S, Naskar S, Dam A, Bhowmick AK, Begum R, Mandal SS, Mandal RK, Chakrabarti J, Panda CK, Tommasino M, Gheit T, Dutta S. Prevalence of novel gamma HPV types 223 and 225 in oral cavity and skin of Indian normal and neoplastic participants. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29019. [PMID: 37543989 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Gamma-papillomaviruses, though traditionally classified as cutaneotropic, actual tissue tropism is largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the tissue-specific prevalence of two novel-HPV 223 and 225 in samples of oral mucosa and keratinized epithelium of varied skin parts from 226 female and male subjects, with or without neoplastic/dysplastic lesions in oral cavity or cervix. The gamma-human papillomavirus (gamma-HPV) 223 and 225 DNA presences were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ursing the HPV type-specific primers and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Viral load in the HPV 223 and HPV 225 positive samples were determined by absolute real-time quantification method. Alpha-HPV DNA prevalence was also checked in oral mucosa to ascertain coinfection status. Novel HPV 223 was present in 4.4% (10/226) oral mucosal samples of the study population; interestingly all were females with no prevalence in their corresponding skin swab samples. Whereas, the prevalence of HPV 225 was found both in the skin and oral mucosa of 28.2% (N = 37/131) female and 17.9% (N = 17/95) male participants. Alongside, HPV 223 viral load was found to be significantly higher (p = 0.02 < 0.05) in the oral mucosa of diseased participants, whereas, HPV 225 viral load was higher in the oral mucosa of normal participants. Our results suggest that gamma-HPV 223 has its prevalence only in the oral mucosal epithelium, whereas, HPV 225 has its prevalence on both mucosal and keratinized skin epithelium, indicating its dual tropism nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Chatterjee
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Farhin Sultana
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rituparna Roy
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Samyadipta Dey
- ENT-Head & Neck Oncology Department, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukanya Naskar
- ENT-Head & Neck Oncology Department, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Aniruddha Dam
- ENT-Head & Neck Oncology Department, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anup K Bhowmick
- ENT-Head & Neck Oncology Department, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rakiba Begum
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shyam S Mandal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranajit K Mandal
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayanta Chakrabarti
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Chinmay K Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Sankhadeep Dutta
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Romero-Masters JC, Grace M, Lee D, Lei J, DePamphilis M, Buehler D, Hu R, Ward-Shaw E, Blaine-Sauer S, Lavoie N, White EA, Munger K, Lambert PF. MmuPV1 E7's interaction with PTPN14 delays Epithelial differentiation and contributes to virus-induced skin disease. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011215. [PMID: 37036883 PMCID: PMC10085053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) contribute to approximately 5% of all human cancers. Species-specific barriers limit the ability to study HPV pathogenesis in animal models. Murine papillomavirus (MmuPV1) provides a powerful tool to study the roles of papillomavirus genes in pathogenesis arising from a natural infection. We previously identified Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 14 (PTPN14), a tumor suppressor targeted by HPV E7 proteins, as a putative cellular target of MmuPV1 E7. Here, we confirmed the MmuPV1 E7-PTPN14 interaction. Based on the published structure of the HPV18 E7/PTPN14 complex, we generated a MmuPV1 E7 mutant, E7K81S, that was defective for binding PTPN14. Wild-type (WT) and E7K81S mutant viral genomes replicated as extrachromosomal circular DNAs to comparable levels in mouse keratinocytes. E7K81S mutant virus (E7K81S MmuPV1) was generated and used to infect FoxN/Nude mice. E7K81S MmuPV1 caused neoplastic lesions at a frequency similar to that of WT MmuPV1, but the lesions arose later and were smaller than WT-induced lesions. The E7K81S MmuPV1-induced lesions also had a trend towards a less severe grade of neoplastic disease. In the lesions, E7K81S MmuPV1 supported the late (productive) stage of the viral life cycle and promoted E2F activity and cellular DNA synthesis in suprabasal epithelial cells to similar degrees as WT MmuPV1. There was a similar frequency of lateral spread of infections among mice infected with E7K81S or WT MmuPV1. Compared to WT MmuPV1-induced lesions, E7K81S MmuPV1-induced lesions had a significant expansion of cells expressing differentiation markers, Keratin 10 and Involucrin. We conclude that an intact PTPN14 binding site is necessary for MmuPV1 E7's ability to contribute to papillomavirus-induced pathogenesis and this correlates with MmuPV1 E7 causing a delay in epithelial differentiation, which is a hallmark of papillomavirus-induced neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C. Romero-Masters
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Miranda Grace
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Denis Lee
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Joshua Lei
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Melanie DePamphilis
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Darya Buehler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ella Ward-Shaw
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Simon Blaine-Sauer
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Nathalie Lavoie
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Molecular Microbiology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. White
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Karl Munger
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Molecular Microbiology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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7
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Romero-Masters JC, Lambert PF, Munger K. Molecular Mechanisms of MmuPV1 E6 and E7 and Implications for Human Disease. Viruses 2022; 14:2138. [PMID: 36298698 PMCID: PMC9611894 DOI: 10.3390/v14102138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause a substantial amount of human disease from benign disease such as warts to malignant cancers including cervical carcinoma, head and neck cancer, and non-melanoma skin cancer. Our ability to model HPV-induced malignant disease has been impeded by species specific barriers and pre-clinical animal models have been challenging to develop. The recent discovery of a murine papillomavirus, MmuPV1, that infects laboratory mice and causes the same range of malignancies caused by HPVs provides the papillomavirus field the opportunity to test mechanistic hypotheses in a genetically manipulatable laboratory animal species in the context of natural infections. The E6 and E7 proteins encoded by high-risk HPVs, which are the HPV genotypes associated with human cancers, are multifunctional proteins that contribute to HPV-induced cancers in multiple ways. In this review, we describe the known activities of the MmuPV1-encoded E6 and E7 proteins and how those activities relate to the activities of HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins encoded by mucosal and cutaneous high-risk HPV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C. Romero-Masters
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Karl Munger
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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8
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Spurgeon ME, Cheng J, Ward-Shaw E, Dick FA, DeCaprio JA, Lambert PF. Merkel cell polyomavirus large T antigen binding to pRb promotes skin hyperplasia and tumor development. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010551. [PMID: 35560034 PMCID: PMC9132321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear evidence supports a causal link between Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and the highly aggressive human skin cancer called Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Integration of viral DNA into the human genome facilitates continued expression of the MCPyV small tumor (ST) and large tumor (LT) antigens in virus-positive MCCs. In MCC tumors, MCPyV LT is truncated in a manner that renders the virus unable to replicate yet preserves the LXCXE motif that facilitates its binding to and inactivation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (pRb). We previously developed a MCPyV transgenic mouse model in which MCC tumor-derived ST and truncated LT expression were targeted to the stratified epithelium of the skin, causing epithelial hyperplasia, increased proliferation, and spontaneous tumorigenesis. We sought to determine if any of these phenotypes required the association between the truncated MCPyV LT and pRb. Mice were generated in which K14-driven MCPyV ST/LT were expressed in the context of a homozygous RbΔLXCXE knock-in allele that attenuates LT-pRb interactions through LT's LXCXE motif. We found that many of the phenotypes including tumorigenesis that develop in the K14-driven MCPyV transgenic mice were dependent upon LT's LXCXE-dependent interaction with pRb. These findings highlight the importance of the MCPyV LT-pRb interaction in an in vivo model for MCPyV-induced tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Spurgeon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jingwei Cheng
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Ella Ward-Shaw
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Frederick A. Dick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - James A. DeCaprio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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9
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Zheng K, Egawa N, Shiraz A, Katakuse M, Okamura M, Griffin HM, Doorbar J. The Reservoir of Persistent Human Papillomavirus Infection; Strategies for Elimination Using Anti-Viral Therapies. Viruses 2022; 14:214. [PMID: 35215808 PMCID: PMC8876702 DOI: 10.3390/v14020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Papillomaviruses have co-evolved with their human host, with each of the over 200 known HPV types infecting distinct epithelial niches to cause diverse disease pathologies. Despite the success of prophylactic vaccines in preventing high-risk HPV infection, the development of HPV anti-viral therapies has been hampered by the lack of enzymatic viral functions, and by difficulties in translating the results of in vitro experiments into clinically useful treatment regimes. In this review, we discuss recent advances in anti-HPV drug development, and highlight the importance of understanding persistent HPV infections for future anti-viral design. In the infected epithelial basal layer, HPV genomes are maintained at a very low copy number, with only limited viral gene expression; factors which allow them to hide from the host immune system. However, HPV gene expression confers an elevated proliferative potential, a delayed commitment to differentiation, and preferential persistence of the infected cell in the epithelial basal layer, when compared to their uninfected neighbours. To a large extent, this is driven by the viral E6 protein, which functions in the HPV life cycle as a modulator of epithelial homeostasis. By targeting HPV gene products involved in the maintenance of the viral reservoir, there appears to be new opportunities for the control or elimination of chronic HPV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK; (K.Z.); (N.E.); (A.S.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Nagayasu Egawa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK; (K.Z.); (N.E.); (A.S.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Aslam Shiraz
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK; (K.Z.); (N.E.); (A.S.); (H.M.G.)
| | - Mayako Katakuse
- Kyoto R&D Centre, Maruho Co., Ltd., Kyoto 600-8813, Japan; (M.K.); (M.O.)
| | - Maki Okamura
- Kyoto R&D Centre, Maruho Co., Ltd., Kyoto 600-8813, Japan; (M.K.); (M.O.)
| | - Heather M. Griffin
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK; (K.Z.); (N.E.); (A.S.); (H.M.G.)
| | - John Doorbar
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK; (K.Z.); (N.E.); (A.S.); (H.M.G.)
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10
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Wang Y, Liu R, Liao J, Jiang L, Jeong GH, Zhou L, Polite M, Duong D, Seyfried NT, Wang H, Kiyokawa H, Yin J. Orthogonal ubiquitin transfer reveals human papillomavirus E6 downregulates nuclear transport to disarm interferon-γ dependent apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21986. [PMID: 34662469 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101232rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The E6 protein of the human papillomavirus (HPV) underpins important protein interaction networks between the virus and host to promote viral infection. Through its interaction with E6AP, a host E3 ubiquitin (UB) ligase, E6 stirs the protein ubiquitination pathways toward the oncogenic transformation of the infected cells. For a systematic measurement of E6 reprogramming of the substrate pool of E6AP, we performed a proteomic screen based on "orthogonal UB transfer (OUT)" that allowed us to identify the ubiquitination targets of E6AP dependent on the E6 protein of HPV-16, a high-risk viral subtype for the development of cervical cancer. The OUT screen identified more than 200 potential substrates of the E6-E6AP pair based on the transfer of UB from E6AP to the substrate proteins. Among them, we verified that E6 would induce E6AP-catalyzed ubiquitination of importin proteins KPNA1-3, protein phosphatase PGAM5, and arginine methyltransferases CARM1 to trigger their degradation by the proteasome. We further found that E6 could significantly reduce the cellular level of KPNA1 that resulted in the suppression of nuclear transport of phosphorylated STAT1 and the inhibition of interferon-γ-induced apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Overall, our work demonstrates OUT as a powerful proteomic platform to probe the interaction of E6 and host cells through protein ubiquitination and reveals a new role of E6 in down-regulating nuclear transport proteins to attenuate tumor-suppressive signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ruochuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jia Liao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lucen Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geon H Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Monica Polite
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Duc Duong
- Integrated Proteomics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiroaki Kiyokawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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11
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The Retinoblastoma Tumor Suppressor Is Required for the NUP98-HOXA9-Induced Aberrant Nuclear Envelope Phenotype. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112851. [PMID: 34831074 PMCID: PMC8616146 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations involving the nucleoporin NUP98 gene are recurrently identified in leukemia; yet, the cellular defects accompanying NUP98 fusion proteins are poorly characterized. NUP98 fusions cause changes in nuclear and nuclear envelope (NE) organization, in particular, in the nuclear lamina and the lamina associated polypeptide 2α (LAP2α), a regulator of the tumor suppressor retinoblastoma protein (RB). We demonstrate that, for NUP98-HOXA9 (NHA9), the best-studied NUP98 fusion protein, its effect(s) on nuclear architecture largely depend(s) on RB. Morphological alterations caused by the expression of NHA9 are largely diminished in the absence of RB, both in human cells expressing the human papillomavirus 16 E7 protein and in mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking RB. We further show that NHA9 expression associates with distinct histone modification. Moreover, the pattern of trimethylation of histone H3 lysine-27 is affected by NHA9, again in an RB-dependent manner. Our results pinpoint to an unexpected interplay between NUP98 fusion proteins and RB, which may contribute to leukemogenesis.
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Kirschberg M, Syed AS, Dönmez HG, Heuser S, Wilbrand-Hennes A, Alonso A, Hufbauer M, Akgül B. Novel Insights Into Cellular Changes in HPV8-E7 Positive Keratinocytes: A Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:672201. [PMID: 34552568 PMCID: PMC8450583 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.672201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus type 8 (HPV8) is associated with the development of non-melanoma skin cancer. In the past we already delved into the mechanisms involved in keratinocyte invasion, showing that the viral E7 oncoprotein is a key player that drives invasion of basal keratinocytes controlled by the extracellular protein fibronectin. To unravel further downstream effects in E7 expressing keratinocytes we now aimed at characterizing gene and protein/phosphoprotein alterations to narrow down on key cellular targets of HPV8-E7. We now show that gene expression of GADD34 and GDF15 are strongly activated in the presence of E7 in primary human keratinocytes. Further analyses of fibronectin-associated factors led to the identification of the Src kinase family members Fyn and Lyn being aberrantly activated in the presence of HPV8-E7. Phospho-proteomics further revealed that E7 not only targets cell polarity and cytoskeletal organization, but also deregulates the phosphorylation status of nuclear proteins involved in DNA damage repair and replication. Many of these differentially phosphorylated proteins turned out to be targets of Fyn and Lyn. Taken together, by using unbiased experimental approaches we have now arrived at a deeper understanding on how fibronectin may affect the signaling cascades in HPV8 positive keratinocytes, which may be key for skin tumorigenesis and that may also aid in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for betaHPV-mediated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kirschberg
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adnan Shahzad Syed
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hanife Güler Dönmez
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sandra Heuser
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Astrid Wilbrand-Hennes
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angel Alonso
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hufbauer
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Baki Akgül
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Wei T, Grace M, Uberoi A, Romero-Masters JC, Lee D, Lambert PF, Munger K. The Mus musculus Papillomavirus Type 1 E7 Protein Binds to the Retinoblastoma Tumor Suppressor: Implications for Viral Pathogenesis. mBio 2021; 12:e0227721. [PMID: 34465025 PMCID: PMC8406179 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02277-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The species specificity of papillomaviruses has been a significant roadblock for performing in vivo pathogenesis studies in common model organisms. The Mus musculus papillomavirus type 1 (MmuPV1) causes cutaneous papillomas that can progress to squamous cell carcinomas in laboratory mice. The papillomavirus E6 and E7 genes encode proteins that establish and maintain a cellular milieu that allows for viral genome synthesis and viral progeny synthesis in growth-arrested, terminally differentiated keratinocytes. The E6 and E7 proteins provide this activity by binding to and functionally reprogramming key cellular regulatory proteins. The MmuPV1 E7 protein lacks the canonical LXCXE motif that mediates the binding of multiple viral oncoproteins to the cellular retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, RB1. Our proteomic experiments, however, revealed that MmuPV1 E7 still interacts with RB1. We show that MmuPV1 E7 interacts through its C terminus with the C-terminal domain of RB1. Binding of MmuPV1 E7 to RB1 did not cause significant activation of E2F-regulated cellular genes. MmuPV1 E7 expression was shown to be essential for papilloma formation. Experimental infection of mice with MmuPV1 expressing an E7 mutant that is defective for binding to RB1 caused delayed onset, lower incidence, and smaller sizes of papillomas. Our results demonstrate that the MmuPV1 E7 gene is essential and that targeting noncanonical activities of RB1, which are independent of RB1's ability to modulate the expression of E2F-regulated genes, contribute to papillomavirus-mediated pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE Papillomavirus infections cause a variety of epithelial hyperplastic lesions, or warts. While most warts are benign, some papillomaviruses cause lesions that can progress to squamous cell carcinomas, and approximately 5% of all human cancers are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. The papillomavirus E6 and E7 proteins are thought to function to reprogram host epithelial cells to enable viral genome replication in terminally differentiated, normally growth-arrested cells. E6 and E7 lack enzymatic activities and function by interacting and functionally altering host cell regulatory proteins. Many cellular proteins that can interact with E6 and E7 have been identified, but the biological relevance of these interactions for viral pathogenesis has not been determined. This is because papillomaviruses are species specific and do not infect heterologous hosts. Here, we use a recently established mouse papillomavirus (MmuPV1) model to investigate the role of the E7 protein in viral pathogenesis. We show that MmuPV1 E7 is necessary for papilloma formation. The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB1) is targeted by many papillomaviral E7 proteins, including cancer-associated HPVs. We show that MmuPV1 E7 can bind RB1 and that infection with a mutant MmuPV1 virus that expresses an RB1 binding-defective E7 mutant caused smaller and fewer papillomas that arise with delayed kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Miranda Grace
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aayushi Uberoi
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - James C. Romero-Masters
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Denis Lee
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Karl Munger
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Hošnjak L, Kocjan BJ, Pirš B, Seme K, Poljak M. The genetic diversity of human papillomavirus types from the species Gammapapillomavirus 15: HPV135, HPV146, and HPV179. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249829. [PMID: 33956809 PMCID: PMC8101917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence, viral load, tissue tropism, and genetic variability of novel human papillomavirus (HPV) type 179, which is etiologically associated with sporadic cases of common warts in immunocompromised patients, and phylogenetically related HPV types 135 and 146. METHODS The representative collection of 850 HPV-associated clinical samples (oral/nasopharyngeal/anal, archival specimens of oral/oropharyngeal/conjunctival/cervical/skin cancer, benign lesions of the larynx/conjunctiva/skin, and eyebrows), obtained from immunocompetent individuals, was tested for the presence of HPV179, HPV135, and HPV146 using type-specific real-time PCRs. To assess the genetic diversity of the HPVs investigated in the non-coding long control region (LCR), several highly sensitive nested PCR protocols were developed for each HPV type. The genetic diversity of HPV179 was additionally determined in 12 HPV179 isolates from different anatomical sites of an only immunocompromised patient included in the study. RESULTS HPV179, HPV135, and HPV146 were detected in 1.4, 2.0, and 1.5% of the samples tested, respectively, with no preference for cutaneous or mucosal epithelial cells. One (with five single nucleotide polymorphisms; SNPs), four (with one to six SNPs), and four (with one to eight SNPs) genetic variants of HPV179, HPV135, and HPV146, respectively, were identified among eligible samples. HPV179 isolates from the immunocompromised patient exhibited the identical LCR nucleotide sequence, suggesting that HPV179 can cause generalized HPV infections. CONCLUSIONS HPV179, HPV135, and HPV146 have a mucocutaneous tissue tropism and are associated with sporadic infections in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Because the majority of mutations were found outside the major functional domains of the respective LCRs, we assume that HPV179, HPV135, and HPV146 genetic variants pathogenically do not differ from their prototypes. In addition, no association was found between specific HPV179, HPV135, and HPV146 genetic variants and anatomical sites of infection and/or specific neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Hošnjak
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan J. Kocjan
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Katja Seme
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mario Poljak
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Hao Y, Ye M, Chen X, Zhao H, Hasim A, Guo X. Discovery and validation of FBLN1 and ANT3 as potential biomarkers for early detection of cervical cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:125. [PMID: 33602229 PMCID: PMC7893763 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01802-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To validate markers for cervical carcinoma (CC) and precancerous lesions related with HPV infections. METHODS Three different cervical cancer cell lines C-33A, SiHa and Caski were used for secretome profiling by label-free quantitative proteomics. Cervical exfoliated cells and matching serum samples were collected from 284 patients with normal control (n = 75, 26.41 %), precancerous lesions (n = 88, 30.99 %) and early stage cervical squamous carcinoma (n = 121, 42.61 %). HPV subtyping and quantification was performed by PCR and hybridization. 20 candidate proteins identified in previous screening studies (tissue, plasma, cells) were quantified by ELISA. Finally, highly quantitative parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry was used to assess the specificities and sensitivities of candidate serum markers. RESULTS While CC was found to be associated with high-risk HPV subtypes, serum antibodies for high risk HPV were not significantly related to the progression of cervical cancer. Significant differences between patient groups were detected for the four proteins CLU, APOA4, APOE and MLH3, but none would allow clinical application due to insufficient sensitivity and specificity and large variability. Subsequent proteomic secretome analysis of cervical cancer cell lines identified a set of 729 common proteins. Cross referencing this dataset with ELISA measurements revealed six candidate proteins of which two, FBLN1 and ANT3, showed co-occurrence with HPV infection (75.7 % and 85 %, respectively) and had promising diagnostic ability in terms of sensitivity and specificity. After the loss of E6/E7 by using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, the content of ANT3 and FBLN1 in KoE6/E7 SiHa were downregulated, which indicated the expression of ANT3 and FBLN1 in cervical cancer may be affected by HPV infection. CONCLUSIONS FBLN1 and ANT3 might be potential tumor- and HPV-associated serum markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen University Pinghu Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Ming Ye
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Xiaona Chen
- Center for Clinical Research and Innovation (CCRI), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Hongli Zhao
- Center for Clinical Research and Innovation (CCRI), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Ayshamgul Hasim
- Department of Pathology, Basic College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, PR China.
| | - Xia Guo
- Center for Clinical Research and Innovation (CCRI), Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, PR China.
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16
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Galati L, Brancaccio RN, Gupta P, Lohmann E, Robitaille A, Mandishora RSD, Cuenin C, Filotico R, Combes JD, Giuliano AR, Donà MG, Tommasino M, Gheit T. Diversity of human papillomavirus in the anal canal of HIV-positive and HIV-negative men. J Infect 2021; 82:112-116. [PMID: 33253726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To characterize the HPV diversity in the anal mucosa of men with different sexual behavior and HIV status by next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS Anal swabs from HIV-positive (n = 94; mean age, 38 years) and HIV-negative (n = 100; mean age, 37.5 years) men who have sex with men (MSM) and HIV-negative men (predominantly men who have sex with women, MSW) (n = 99; mean age, 38.2 years) were analyzed by broad-spectrum PCR protocols combined with NGS. FINDINGS Alpha HPV types (n = 74) were detected mainly in the MSM groups (HPV6, 11, and 43 were the most abundant types) compared with MSW (n = 16) (HPV11, 32, and 87 were among the most abundant). In contrast, beta HPVs were more abundantly detected among MSW (n = 45) than in the HIV-positive (n = 16) and HIV-negative (n = 26) MSM groups. Gamma HPVs were detected almost equally in HIV-positive MSM (n = 62), HIV-negative MSM (n = 58), and MSW (n = 57). In addition, 31 putative novel PV types were identified. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that beta and gamma HPV types are present in the anal mucosa, thus reinforcing the existing evidence that they can be detected at anatomical sites other than skin. Alpha and beta HPV distribution among these three groups appears to vary according to sexual behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Galati
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Rosario N Brancaccio
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Purnima Gupta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Eugenie Lohmann
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Alexis Robitaille
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Racheal S Dube Mandishora
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France; Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Raffaele Filotico
- Dermatologia Oncologica, IRCCS G. Paolo II, Istituto Tumori, Bari, Italy
| | - Jean-Damien Combes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Massimo Tommasino
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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Dayer G, Masoom ML, Togtema M, Zehbe I. Virus-Host Protein-Protein Interactions between Human Papillomavirus 16 E6 A1 and D2/D3 Sub-Lineages: Variances and Similarities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7980. [PMID: 33121134 PMCID: PMC7663357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk strains of human papillomavirus are causative agents for cervical and other mucosal cancers, with type 16 being the most frequent. Compared to the European Prototype (EP; A1), the Asian-American (AA; D2/D3) sub-lineage seems to have increased abilities to promote carcinogenesis. Here, we studied protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between host proteins and sub-lineages of the key transforming E6 protein. We transduced human keratinocyte with EP or AA E6 genes and co-immunoprecipitated E6 proteins along with interacting cellular proteins to detect virus-host binding partners. AAE6 and EPE6 may have unique PPIs with host cellular proteins, conferring gain or loss of function and resulting in varied abilities to promote carcinogenesis. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and stringent interactor selection criteria based on the number of peptides, we identified 25 candidates: 6 unique to AAE6 and EPE6, along with 13 E6 targets common to both. A novel approach based on pathway selection discovered 171 target proteins: 90 unique AAE6 and 61 unique EPE6 along with 20 common E6 targets. Interpretations were made using databases, such as UniProt, BioGRID, and Reactome. Detected E6 targets were differentially implicated in important hallmarks of cancer: deregulating Notch signaling, energetics and hypoxia, DNA replication and repair, and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Dayer
- Biology Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Probe Development and Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada; (M.L.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Mehran L. Masoom
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Probe Development and Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada; (M.L.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Melissa Togtema
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Probe Development and Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada; (M.L.M.); (M.T.)
| | - Ingeborg Zehbe
- Biology Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Probe Development and Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada; (M.L.M.); (M.T.)
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
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18
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Galati L, Brancaccio RN, Robitaille A, Cuenin C, Luzi F, Fiorucci G, Chiantore MV, Marascio N, Matera G, Liberto MC, Donà MG, Di Bonito P, Gheit T, Tommasino M. Detection of human papillomaviruses in paired healthy skin and actinic keratosis by next generation sequencing. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 9:100196. [PMID: 32222599 PMCID: PMC7118314 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2020.100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) arises on photo-damaged skin and is considered to be the precursor lesion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Many findings support the involvement of β human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in cSCC, while very little is known on γ HPV types. The objective of this study was to characterize the spectrum of PV types in healthy skin (HS) and AK samples of the same immunocompetent individuals using next generation sequencing (NGS). Viral DNA of 244 AK and 242 HS specimens were amplified by PCR using two different sets of primers (FAP59/64 and FAPM1). Purified amplicons were pooled and sequenced using NGS. The study resulted in the identification of a large number of known β and γ PV types. In addition, 27 putative novel β and 16 γ and 4 unclassified PVs were isolated. HPV types of species γ-1 (e.g. HPV4) appeared to be strongly enriched in AK versus HS. The NGS analysis revealed that a large spectrum of known and novel PVs is present in HS and AK. The evidence that species γ-1 HPV types appears to be enriched in AK in comparison to HS warrants further studies to evaluate their role in development of skin (pre)cancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Galati
- International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon, France; "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Alexis Robitaille
- International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Fabiola Luzi
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianna Fiorucci
- Department of Infectious Diseases, EVOR Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paola Di Bonito
- Department of Infectious Diseases, EVOR Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon, France.
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19
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Spurgeon ME, Lambert PF. Mus musculus Papillomavirus 1: a New Frontier in Animal Models of Papillomavirus Pathogenesis. J Virol 2020; 94:e00002-20. [PMID: 32051276 PMCID: PMC7163119 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00002-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models of viral pathogenesis are essential tools in human disease research. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a significant public health issue due to their widespread sexual transmission and oncogenic potential. Infection-based models of papillomavirus pathogenesis have been complicated by their strict species and tissue specificity. In this Gem, we discuss the discovery of a murine papillomavirus, Mus musculus papillomavirus 1 (MmuPV1), and how its experimental use represents a major advancement in models of papillomavirus-induced pathogenesis/carcinogenesis, and their transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Spurgeon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul F Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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20
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Bolatti EM, Hošnjak L, Chouhy D, Casal PE, Re-Louhau MF, Bottai H, Komloš KF, Poljak M, Giri AA. Assessing Gammapapillomavirus infections of mucosal epithelia with two broad-spectrum PCR protocols. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:274. [PMID: 32264841 PMCID: PMC7140492 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-4893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been divided into mucosal and cutaneous types according to their primary epithelial tissue tropism. However, recent studies showed the presence of several cutaneous types in mucosal lesions and healthy mucosa from different anatomical sites. Methods Here, the HPV prevalence and type-specific distribution were assessed in a variety of mucosal samples from 435 individuals using a combination of two established broad-spectrum primer systems: Gamma-PV PCR and CUT PCR. Results Overall HPV prevalence in anal canal swabs, cervical cancer biopsies, genital warts and oral swabs was 85, 47, 62 and 4%, respectively. In anal canal swabs, Alpha-PVs were most frequently found (59%), followed by Gamma- (37%) and Beta-PVs (4%). The prevalence and persistence of HPV infection in the anal canal of 226 individuals were further explored. Overall HPV, Gamma-PVs and multiple HPV infections were significantly higher in men vs. women (p = 0.034, p = 0.027 and p = 0.003, respectively); multiple HPV infections were more common in individuals ≤40 years (p = 0.05), and significantly higher prevalence of Gamma-PVs and multiple HPV infections was observed in HIV-1-positive vs. HIV-1-negative individuals (p = 0.003 and p = 0.04, respectively). Out of 21 patients with follow-up anal swabs, only one persistent infection with the same type (HPV58) was detected. Conclusions Our findings suggest that Gamma-PVs (except species Gamma-6) are ubiquitous viruses with dual muco-cutaneous tissue tropism. Anal canal Gamma-PV infections may be associated with sexual behavior and the host immune status. This study expands the knowledge on Gamma-PVs’ tissue tropism, providing valuable data on the characteristics of HPV infection in the anal canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Bolatti
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.,Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Lea Hošnjak
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Diego Chouhy
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.,Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Pablo E Casal
- Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María F Re-Louhau
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Hebe Bottai
- Área Estadística y Procesamiento de Datos, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Kristina Fujs Komloš
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mario Poljak
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Adriana A Giri
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000, Rosario, Argentina. .,Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
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21
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Preti M, Rotondo JC, Holzinger D, Micheletti L, Gallio N, McKay-Chopin S, Carreira C, Privitera SS, Watanabe R, Ridder R, Pawlita M, Benedetto C, Tommasino M, Gheit T. Role of human papillomavirus infection in the etiology of vulvar cancer in Italian women. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15:20. [PMID: 32266002 PMCID: PMC7110671 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) is a rare malignancy of the female genital tract. We aimed to determine the mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-attributable fraction of VSCCs from Italian women using multiple markers of viral infections. Methods VSCCs and 8 metastatic lymph node samples from 107 Italian women were analyzed by a highly type-specific multiplex genotyping assay for the presence of DNA from 119 different HPVs. Tissues were further analyzed for HPV RNA and for upregulation of the cellular protein p16INK4a. Results The rate of mucosal HPV-related tumors defined by viral DNA and RNA positivity was low (7.8%). HPV16 was the most prevalent, followed by 53, 56, and 58. Only five (4.9%) p16INK4a-positive tumors were also positive for both viral DNA and RNA. One (14.3%) metastatic lymph node sample was positive for all three markers. DNA of cutaneous HPVs was detected in only two VSCCs, i.e. genus beta types 5 and 110. Conclusion A small proportion of Italian VSCCs is putatively HPV-related, i.e. positive for both viral DNA and RNA of the same type, thus reinforcing the importance of HPV vaccination. Moreover, this study suggests that a direct role of HPV from genus beta and gamma in vulvar carcinogenesis is unlikely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Preti
- 1Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - John Charles Rotondo
- 2International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.,3Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology; Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dana Holzinger
- 4Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, Infections and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Niccolò Gallio
- 1Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Reiko Watanabe
- 2International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Ruediger Ridder
- Roche mtm laboratories, Mannheim, Germany.,7Ventana Medical Systems Inc., Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Michael Pawlita
- 4Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, Infections and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chiara Benedetto
- 1Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Tarik Gheit
- 2International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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22
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Silling S, Söylemez Ü, Mauch C, Zigrino P, Kreuter A, Wieland U, Akgül B. Human papillomavirus type 197 is not associated with skin tumors. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:3179-3180. [PMID: 31456242 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffi Silling
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,National Reference Center for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ümran Söylemez
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Cornelia Mauch
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paola Zigrino
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Kreuter
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Helios St Elisabeth Hospital Oberhausen, University Witten-Herdecke, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Wieland
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,National Reference Center for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Baki Akgül
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,National Reference Center for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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23
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Yun HY, Kim MW, Lee HS, Kim W, Shin JH, Kim H, Shin HC, Park H, Oh BH, Kim WK, Bae KH, Lee SC, Lee EW, Ku B, Kim SJ. Structural basis for recognition of the tumor suppressor protein PTPN14 by the oncoprotein E7 of human papillomavirus. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000367. [PMID: 31323018 PMCID: PMC6668832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are causative agents of various diseases associated with cellular hyperproliferation, including cervical cancer, one of the most prevalent tumors in women. E7 is one of the two HPV-encoded oncoproteins and directs recruitment and subsequent degradation of tumor-suppressive proteins such as retinoblastoma protein (pRb) via its LxCxE motif. E7 also triggers tumorigenesis in a pRb-independent pathway through its C-terminal domain, which has yet been largely undetermined, with a lack of structural information in a complex form with a host protein. Herein, we present the crystal structure of the E7 C-terminal domain of HPV18 belonging to the high-risk HPV genotypes bound to the catalytic domain of human nonreceptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase 14 (PTPN14). They interact directly and potently with each other, with a dissociation constant of 18.2 nM. Ensuing structural analysis revealed the molecular basis of the PTPN14-binding specificity of E7 over other protein tyrosine phosphatases and also led to the identification of PTPN21 as a direct interacting partner of E7. Disruption of HPV18 E7 binding to PTPN14 by structure-based mutagenesis impaired E7’s ability to promote keratinocyte proliferation and migration. Likewise, E7 binding-defective PTPN14 was resistant for degradation via proteasome, and it was much more effective than wild-type PTPN14 in attenuating the activity of downstream effectors of Hippo signaling and negatively regulating cell proliferation, migration, and invasion when examined in HPV18-positive HeLa cells. These results therefore demonstrated the significance and therapeutic potential of the intermolecular interaction between HPV E7 and host PTPN14 in HPV-mediated cell transformation and tumorigenesis. Human papillomaviruses cause various diseases associated with cellular hyperproliferation, including cervical cancer. Structural, biochemical, and cellular analyses reveal the molecular basis and significance of the intermolecular interaction between the E7 protein of human papillomavirus 18 and the human tumor suppressor protein PTPN14.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- HEK293 Cells
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/chemistry
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Domains
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/chemistry
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/genetics
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/metabolism
- Retinoblastoma Protein/chemistry
- Retinoblastoma Protein/genetics
- Retinoblastoma Protein/metabolism
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Yeoung Yun
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Wook Kim
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seon Lee
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wantae Kim
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Shin
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangseo Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ha Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (E-WL); (BK); (SJK)
| | - Bonsu Ku
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (E-WL); (BK); (SJK)
| | - Seung Jun Kim
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology KRIBB School, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (E-WL); (BK); (SJK)
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24
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Gheit T. Mucosal and Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Infections and Cancer Biology. Front Oncol 2019; 9:355. [PMID: 31134154 PMCID: PMC6517478 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillomaviridae is a family of small non-enveloped icosahedral viruses with double-stranded circular DNA. More than 200 different human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been listed so far. Based on epidemiological data, a subgroup of alphapapillomaviruses (alpha HPVs) was referred to as high-risk (HR) HPV types. HR HPVs are the etiological agents of anogenital cancer and a subset of head and neck cancers. The cutaneous HPV types, mainly from beta and gamma genera, are widely present on the surface of the skin in the general population. However, there is growing evidence of an etiological role of betapapillomaviruses (beta HPVs) in non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), together with ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Studies performed on mucosal HR HPV types, such as 16 and 18, showed that both oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a key role in cervical cancer by altering pathways involved in the host immune response to establish a persistent infection and by promoting cellular transformation. Continuous expression of E6 and E7 of mucosal HR HPV types is essential to initiate and to maintain the cellular transformation process, whereas expression of E6 and E7 of cutaneous HPV types is not required for the maintenance of the skin cancer phenotype. Beta HPV types appear to play a role in the initiation of skin carcinogenesis, by exacerbating the accumulation of UV radiation-induced DNA breaks and somatic mutations (the hit-and-run mechanism), and they would therefore act as facilitators rather than direct actors in NMSC. In this review, the natural history of HPV infection and the transforming properties of various HPV genera will be described, with a particular focus on describing the state of knowledge about the role of cutaneous HPV types in NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
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25
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Habieb A, Matboli M, El-Tayeb H, El-Asmar F. Potential role of lncRNA-TSIX, miR-548-a-3p, and SOGA1 mRNA in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:4581-4590. [PMID: 31004302 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04810-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent trends are moving towards the use of the circulating transcriptome as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study is to identify circulatory RNA based biomarker panel, in addition to their relationship to the outcome in HCC. First, utilizing bioinformatics tools, we selected an HCC-specific RNA-based biomarker panel that depended on the integration of suppressor of glucose autophagy-associated (SOGA1) gene expression with the chosen panel of epigenetic regulators of this gene [long non-coding RNA antisense for X-inactive-specific transcript (lncRNA-TSIX) and microRNA-548-a-3p (miR-548-a-3p)]. Second, we attempted to validate these biomarkers using the sera of 65 patients with HCC, 34 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (CHC) infection and 32 healthy volunteers. Finally, the expression levels of the chosen RNA-based biomarker panel were assessed in the serum samples using qRT-PCR assays. The panel of 3 RNA-based biomarkers (lncRNA-TSIX, miR-548-a-3p, and SOGA1) exhibited high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating HCC patients from CHC patients and healthy controls. Among these 3 RNAs, serum lncRNA-TSIX and SOGA1 were independent prognostic factor. The chosen circulatory RNA-based biomarker panel may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Habieb
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, P.O. Box 11381, Egypt
| | - Marwa Matboli
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, P.O. Box 11381, Egypt.
| | - Hanaa El-Tayeb
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, P.O. Box 11381, Egypt
| | - Farid El-Asmar
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, P.O. Box 11381, Egypt
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26
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Murahwa AT, Meiring TL, Mbulawa ZZA, Williamson AL. Discovery, characterisation and genomic variation of six novel Gammapapillomavirus types from penile swabs in South Africa. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH 2019; 7:102-111. [PMID: 30844514 PMCID: PMC6416656 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Six novel human papillomaviruses from penile swabs were characterised. Multiple full genome clones for each novel type were generated, and complete genome sizes were: HPV211 (7253bp), HPV212 (7208bp), HPV213 (7096bp), HPV214 (7357), HPV215 (7186bp) and HPV216 (7233bp). Phylogenetically the novel papillomaviruses all clustered with Gammapapillomaviruses: HPV211 is most closely related to HPV168 (72% identity in the L1 nucleotide sequence) of the Gamma-8 species, HPV212 is most closely related to HPV144 (82.9%) of the Gamma-17 species, HPV213 is most closely related to HPV153 (71.8%) of the Gamma-13 species, HPV214 is most closely related to HPV103 (75.3%) of the Gamma-6 species, HPV215 and HPV216 are most closely related to HPV129 (76.8% and 79.2% respectively) of the Gamma-9 species. The novel HPV types demonstrated the classical genomic organisation of Gammapapillomavirusess, with seven open reading frames (ORFs) encoding five early (E1, E2, E4, E6 and E7) and two late (L1 and L2) proteins. Typical of Gammapapillomavirusess the novel types all lacked the E5 ORF and HPV214 also lacked the E6 ORF. HPV212 had nine unique variants, HPV213 had five and HPV215 had four variants. Conserved domains observed among the novel types are the Zinc finger Binding Domain and PDZ domains. A retinoblastoma binding domain (pRB) binding domain in E7 protein was additionally identified in HPV214. This study expands the knowledge of the rapidly growing Gammapapillomavirus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alltalents T Murahwa
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tracy L Meiring
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zizipho Z A Mbulawa
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Center for HIV and STIs, National Institute for Communicable Disease, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; SAMRC Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anna-Lise Williamson
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; SAMRC Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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27
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Bolatti EM, Hošnjak L, Chouhy D, Re-Louhau MF, Casal PE, Bottai H, Kocjan BJ, Stella EJ, Gorosito MD, Sanchez A, Bussy RF, Poljak M, Giri AA. High prevalence of Gammapapillomaviruses (Gamma-PVs) in pre-malignant cutaneous lesions of immunocompetent individuals using a new broad-spectrum primer system, and identification of HPV210, a novel Gamma-PV type. Virology 2018; 525:182-191. [PMID: 30292127 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genus Gammapapillomavirus (Gamma-PV) is the most diverse and largest clade within the Papillomaviridae family. A novel set of degenerate primers targeting the E1 gene was designed and further used in combination with the well-known CUT PCR assay to assess HPV prevalence and genus distribution in a variety of cutaneous samples from 448 immunocompetent individuals. General HPV, Gamma-PV and mixed infections prevalence were significantly higher in actinic keratosis with respect to benign and malignant neoplasms, respectively (p = 0.0047, p = 0.0172, p = 0.00001). Gamma-PVs were significantly more common in actinic keratosis biopsies than Beta- and Alpha-PVs (p = 0.002). The full-length genome sequence of a novel putative Gamma-PV type was amplified by 'hanging droplet' long-range PCR and cloned. The novel virus, designated HPV210, clustered within species Gamma-12. This study provides an additional tool enabling detection of HPV infections in skin and adds new insights about possible early roles of Gamma-PVs in the development of cutaneous malignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Bolatti
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000 Rosario, Argentina; Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Lea Hošnjak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Diego Chouhy
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000 Rosario, Argentina; Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Maria F Re-Louhau
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Pablo E Casal
- Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Hebe Bottai
- Área Estadística y Procesamiento de Datos, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Boštjan J Kocjan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Emma J Stella
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mario D Gorosito
- División de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Adriana Sanchez
- División de Dermatología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ramón Fernandez Bussy
- División de Dermatología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mario Poljak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Adriana A Giri
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000 Rosario, Argentina; Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
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28
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Brancaccio RN, Robitaille A, Dutta S, Cuenin C, Santare D, Skenders G, Leja M, Fischer N, Giuliano AR, Rollison DE, Grundhoff A, Tommasino M, Gheit T. Generation of a novel next-generation sequencing-based method for the isolation of new human papillomavirus types. Virology 2018; 520:1-10. [PMID: 29747121 PMCID: PMC9280450 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of new molecular tools, the discovery of new papillomaviruses (PVs) has accelerated during the past decade, enabling the expansion of knowledge about the viral populations that inhabit the human body. Human PVs (HPVs) are etiologically linked to benign or malignant lesions of the skin and mucosa. The detection of HPV types can vary widely, depending mainly on the methodology and the quality of the biological sample. Next-generation sequencing is one of the most powerful tools, enabling the discovery of novel viruses in a wide range of biological material. Here, we report a novel protocol for the detection of known and unknown HPV types in human skin and oral gargle samples using improved PCR protocols combined with next-generation sequencing. We identified 105 putative new PV types in addition to 296 known types, thus providing important information about the viral distribution in the oral cavity and skin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cyrille Cuenin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Daiga Santare
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Girts Skenders
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Marcis Leja
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Nicole Fischer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hamburg, Borstel, Lübeck, Riems, Germany
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Center for Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Dana E Rollison
- Center for Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Adam Grundhoff
- German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hamburg, Borstel, Lübeck, Riems, Germany; Heinrich-Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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29
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Bouwes Bavinck JN, Feltkamp MCW, Green AC, Fiocco M, Euvrard S, Harwood CA, Nasir S, Thomson J, Proby CM, Naldi L, Diphoorn JCD, Venturuzzo A, Tessari G, Nindl I, Sampogna F, Abeni D, Neale RE, Goeman JJ, Quint KD, Halk AB, Sneek C, Genders RE, de Koning MNC, Quint WGV, Wieland U, Weissenborn S, Waterboer T, Pawlita M, Pfister H. Human papillomavirus and posttransplantation cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A multicenter, prospective cohort study. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:1220-1230. [PMID: 29024374 PMCID: PMC5947129 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Organ transplant recipients (OTRs) have a 100-fold increased risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). We prospectively evaluated the association between β genus human papillomaviruses (βPV) and keratinocyte carcinoma in OTRs. Two OTR cohorts without cSCC were assembled: cohort 1 was transplanted in 2003-2006 (n = 274) and cohort 2 was transplanted in 1986-2002 (n = 352). Participants were followed until death or cessation of follow-up in 2016. βPV infection was assessed in eyebrow hair by using polymerase chain reaction-based methods. βPV IgG seroresponses were determined with multiplex serology. A competing risk model with delayed entry was used to estimate cumulative incidence of histologically proven cSCC and the effect of βPV by using a multivariable Cox regression model. Results are reported as adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). OTRs with 5 or more different βPV types in eyebrow hair had 1.7 times the risk of cSCC vs OTRs with 0 to 4 different types (HR 1.7, 95% confidence interval 1.1-2.6). A similar risk was seen with high βPV loads (HR 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.2-2.8). No significant associations were seen between serum antibodies and cSCC or between βPV and basal cell carcinoma. The diversity and load of βPV types in eyebrow hair are associated with cSCC risk in OTRs, providing evidence that βPV is associated with cSCC carcinogenesis and may present a target for future preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariet C. W. Feltkamp
- Department of Medical MicrobiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Adele C. Green
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Department of Medical Statistics and BioinformaticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands,Institute of MathematicsLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Sylvie Euvrard
- Department of DermatologyEdouard Herriot HospitalHospices Civils de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Catherine A. Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous ResearchBlizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonUK
| | - Shaaira Nasir
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous ResearchBlizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonUK
| | - Jason Thomson
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous ResearchBlizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonUK
| | - Charlotte M. Proby
- Division of Cancer ResearchUniversity of DundeeNinewells Hospital and Medical SchoolDundeeUK
| | - Luigi Naldi
- Department of DermatologyAzienda Ospedaliera papa Giovanni XXIII, and GISED Study CenterBergamoItaly
| | - Janouk C. D. Diphoorn
- Department of DermatologyAzienda Ospedaliera papa Giovanni XXIII, and GISED Study CenterBergamoItaly
| | - Anna Venturuzzo
- Department of DermatologyAzienda Ospedaliera papa Giovanni XXIII, and GISED Study CenterBergamoItaly
| | - Gianpaolo Tessari
- Department of MedicineSection of DermatologyUniversity of Veronac/o Ospedale Civile MaggioreVeronaItaly
| | - Ingo Nindl
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital CharitéSkin Cancer Center CharitéBerlinGermany
| | | | | | | | - Jelle J. Goeman
- Department of Medical Statistics and BioinformaticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Koen D. Quint
- Department of DermatologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Anne B. Halk
- Department of DermatologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Carmen Sneek
- Department of DermatologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Roel E. Genders
- Department of DermatologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ulrike Wieland
- Institute of VirologyUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | | | - Tim Waterboer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
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30
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Dutta S, Robitaille A, Aubin F, Fouéré S, Galicier L, Boutboul D, Luzi F, Di Bonito P, Tommasino M, Gheit T. Identification and characterization of two novel Gammapapillomavirus genomes in skin of an immunosuppressed Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis patient. Virus Res 2018; 249:66-68. [PMID: 29526719 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Two novel human gamma-papillomavirus genomes (HPV_MTS3, and HPV_MTS4) were isolated from the skin of an immunosuppressed, late-onset Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis patient and fully cloned. The L1 open reading frames of HPV_MTS3 and HPV_MTS4 were 77% and 91% identical to their closest HPV full genome isolates w18c39 and EV03c60, which belong to the species gamma-22and gamma-7 of the genus Gammapapillomavirus, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankhadeep Dutta
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Alexis Robitaille
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - François Aubin
- Dermatology Department and EA3181, Centre National de Référence HPV, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Sébastien Fouéré
- STD Unit (Centre des MST) Dermatology Department (Service de Dermatologie), Saint Louis University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Galicier
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - David Boutboul
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Fabiola Luzi
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Di Bonito
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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31
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Meyers JM, Grace M, Uberoi A, Lambert PF, Munger K. Inhibition of TGF-β and NOTCH Signaling by Cutaneous Papillomaviruses. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:389. [PMID: 29568286 PMCID: PMC5852067 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections with cutaneous papillomaviruses have been linked to cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas that arise in patients who suffer from a rare genetic disorder, epidermodysplasia verruciformis, or those who have experienced long-term, systemic immunosuppression following organ transplantation. The E6 proteins of the prototypical cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) 5 and HPV8 inhibit TGF-β and NOTCH signaling. The Mus musculus papillomavirus 1, MmuPV1, infects laboratory mouse strains and causes cutaneous skin warts that can progress to squamous cell carcinomas. MmuPV1 E6 shares biological and biochemical activities with HPV8 E6 including the ability to inhibit TGF-β and NOTCH signaling by binding the SMAD2/SMAD3 and MAML1 transcription factors, respectively. Inhibition of TGF-β and NOTCH signaling is linked to delayed differentiation and sustained proliferation of differentiating keratinocytes. Furthermore, the ability of MmuPV1 E6 to bind MAML1 is necessary for wart and cancer formation in experimentally infected mice. Hence, experimental MmuPV1 infection in mice will be a robust and valuable experimental system to dissect key aspects of cutaneous HPV infection, pathogenesis, and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Meyers
- Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Miranda Grace
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aayushi Uberoi
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Paul F Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Karl Munger
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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32
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Boda D, Docea AO, Calina D, Ilie MA, Caruntu C, Zurac S, Neagu M, Constantin C, Branisteanu DE, Voiculescu V, Mamoulakis C, Tzanakakis G, Spandidos DA, Drakoulis N, Tsatsakis AM. Human papilloma virus: Apprehending the link with carcinogenesis and unveiling new research avenues (Review). Int J Oncol 2018; 52:637-655. [PMID: 29393378 PMCID: PMC5807043 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papilloma viruses (HPV) are a small group of non‑enveloped viruses belonging to the Papillomaviridae family with strong similarities to polyoma viruses. The viral particles consist of a genome in the form of a circular double‑stranded DNA, encompassing eight open reading frames, as well as a non‑enveloped icosahedral capsid. HPV infection is considered the most common sexually transmitted disease in both sexes and is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of different types of cancer. 'High‑risk' mucosal HPV types, predominantly types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35, are associated with most cervical, penile, vulvar, vaginal, anal, oropharyngeal cancers and pre‑cancers. Screening for HPV is necessary for the prognosis and for determining treatment strategies for cancer. Novel HPV markers, including proteomic and genomic markers, as well as anti‑papillomavirus vaccines are currently available. The aim of this comprehensive review was to thoroughly present the updated information on virus development, cancer occurrence, treatment and prevention strategies, in an attempt to shed further light into the field, including novel research avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boda
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest
| | | | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova
| | - Mihaela Adriana Ilie
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest
- Department of Biochemistry
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Dermatology Research Laboratory, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest
- Department of Physiology
| | - Sabina Zurac
- Department of Pathology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest
- Colentina University Hospital, Sector 2 19-21, Bucharest
| | - Monica Neagu
- ‘Victor Babes’ National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest
| | | | | | - Vlad Voiculescu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Charalampos Mamoulakis
- Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete Medical School
| | | | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens
| | - Aristides M. Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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33
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Structural Insights in Multifunctional Papillomavirus Oncoproteins. Viruses 2018; 10:v10010037. [PMID: 29342959 PMCID: PMC5795450 DOI: 10.3390/v10010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery in the mid-eighties, the main papillomavirus oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been recalcitrant to high-resolution structure analysis. However, in the last decade a wealth of three-dimensional information has been gained on both proteins whether free or complexed to host target proteins. Here, we first summarize the diverse activities of these small multifunctional oncoproteins. Next, we review the available structural data and the new insights they provide about the evolution of E6 and E7, their multiple interactions and their functional variability across human papillomavirus (HPV) species.
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34
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Brimer N, Drews CM, Vande Pol SB. Association of papillomavirus E6 proteins with either MAML1 or E6AP clusters E6 proteins by structure, function, and evolutionary relatedness. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006781. [PMID: 29281732 PMCID: PMC5760104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillomavirus E6 proteins bind to LXXLL peptide motifs displayed on targeted cellular proteins. Alpha genus HPV E6 proteins associate with the cellular ubiquitin ligase E6AP (UBE3A), by binding to an LXXLL peptide (ELTLQELLGEE) displayed by E6AP, thereby stimulating E6AP ubiquitin ligase activity. Beta, Gamma, and Delta genera E6 proteins bind a similar LXXLL peptide (WMSDLDDLLGS) on the cellular transcriptional co-activator MAML1 and thereby repress Notch signaling. We expressed 45 different animal and human E6 proteins from diverse papillomavirus genera to ascertain the overall preference of E6 proteins for E6AP or MAML1. E6 proteins from all HPV genera except Alpha preferentially interacted with MAML1 over E6AP. Among animal papillomaviruses, E6 proteins from certain ungulate (SsPV1 from pigs) and cetacean (porpoises and dolphins) hosts functionally resembled Alpha genus HPV by binding and targeting the degradation of E6AP. Beta genus HPV E6 proteins functionally clustered with Delta, Pi, Tau, Gamma, Chi, Mu, Lambda, Iota, Dyokappa, Rho, and Dyolambda E6 proteins to bind and repress MAML1. None of the tested E6 proteins physically and functionally interacted with both MAML1 and E6AP, indicating an evolutionary split. Further, interaction of an E6 protein was insufficient to activate degradation of E6AP, indicating that E6 proteins that target E6AP co-evolved to separately acquire both binding and triggering of ubiquitin ligase activation. E6 proteins with similar biological function clustered together in phylogenetic trees and shared structural features. This suggests that the divergence of E6 proteins from either MAML1 or E6AP binding preference is a major event in papillomavirus evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Brimer
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Camille M. Drews
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Scott B. Vande Pol
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
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35
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Bolatti EM, Chouhy D, Hošnjak L, Casal PE, Kocjan BJ, Bottai H, Stella EJ, Sanchez A, Bussy RF, Poljak M, Giri AA. Natural history of human papillomavirus infection of sun-exposed healthy skin of immunocompetent individuals over three climatic seasons and identification of HPV209, a novel betapapillomavirus. J Gen Virol 2017; 98:1334-1348. [PMID: 28590241 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the first longitudinal study reporting the natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in sun-exposed skin of healthy individuals living in a geographical area in which solar UV radiation is influenced by the ozone content of the atmosphere. During three climatic seasons, skin swab samples were obtained from 78 healthy individuals and the prevalence of cutaneous HPVs was assessed with broad-spectrum FAP and CUT primers and determined at 54, 45 and 47 % in spring, summer and winter, respectively. Frequencies of mixed HPV infections were significantly higher in spring with respect to summer and winter (P=0.02). Seventy-one different HPV types/putative types were identified. While 62 volunteers were HPV-infected in at least one season, 23 had persistent infections. β-PVs (β-1) were the most prevalent and persistent. Age was associated with both the infection status (P=0.01) and the type of HPV infection (no infection, indeterminate/transient, persistent P=0.02). The molecular/phylogenetic analysis of the newly identified β-PV, officially designated as HPV209, showed that the virus has a typical genomic organization of cutaneous HPVs with five early (E6, E7, E1, E2 and E4) and two late genes (L2 and L1), which clusters to the species β-2. This provides useful data on cutaneous HPV infections in high UV-exposed regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Bolatti
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET). Suipacha 590, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Diego Chouhy
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET). Suipacha 590, Rosario 2000, Argentina
- Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Lea Hošnjak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana. Zaloška 4, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Pablo E Casal
- Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Boštjan J Kocjan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana. Zaloška 4, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Hebe Bottai
- Área Estadística y Procesamiento de Datos, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Emma J Stella
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET). Suipacha 590, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Adriana Sanchez
- División de Dermatología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ramón Fernandez Bussy
- División de Dermatología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mario Poljak
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana. Zaloška 4, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Adriana A Giri
- Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
- Grupo Virología Humana, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET). Suipacha 590, Rosario 2000, Argentina
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