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Song R, Yadav P, Dangudubiyyam SV, Hofmann A, Mishra JS, Kumar S. Gestational intermittent hypoxia induces endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in pregnant rats: role of endothelin type B receptor†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:185-197. [PMID: 37823770 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea is a recognized risk factor for gestational hypertension, yet the exact mechanism behind this association remains unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that intermittent hypoxia, a hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea, induces gestational hypertension through perturbed endothelin-1 signaling. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to normoxia (control), mild intermittent hypoxia (10.5% O2), or severe intermittent hypoxia (6.5% O2) from gestational days 10-21. Blood pressure was monitored. Plasma was collected and mesenteric arteries were isolated for myograph and protein analyses. The mild and severe intermittent hypoxia groups demonstrated elevated blood pressure, reduced plasma nitrate/nitrite, and unchanged endothelin-1 levels compared to the control group. Western blot analysis revealed decreased expression of endothelin type B receptor and phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase, while the levels of endothelin type A receptor and total endothelial nitric oxide synthase remained unchanged following intermittent hypoxia exposure. The contractile responses to potassium chloride, phenylephrine, and endothelin-1 were unaffected in endothelium-denuded arteries from mild and severe intermittent hypoxia rats. However, mild and severe intermittent hypoxia rats exhibited impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation responses to endothelin type B receptor agonist IRL-1620 and acetylcholine compared to controls. Endothelium denudation abolished IRL-1620-induced vasorelaxation, supporting the involvement of endothelium in endothelin type B receptor-mediated relaxation. Treatment with IRL-1620 during intermittent hypoxia exposure significantly attenuated intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension in pregnant rats. This was associated with elevated circulating nitrate/nitrite levels, enhanced endothelin type B receptor expression, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation, and improved vasodilation responses. Our data suggested that intermittent hypoxia exposure during gestation increases blood pressure in pregnant rats by suppressing endothelin type B receptor-mediated signaling, providing a molecular mechanism linking intermittent hypoxia and gestational hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolin Song
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sri Vidya Dangudubiyyam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alissa Hofmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jay S Mishra
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Grossini E, Venkatesan S, Alkabes M, Toma C, de Cillà S. Membrane Blue Dual Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells/Ganglion Cells-Like through Modulation of Mitochondria Function. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2854. [PMID: 36359372 PMCID: PMC9687626 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although recent data highlight the greater protective effects exerted by Membrane Blue Dual (MBD), a precise analysis of the mechanisms of action is missing. We examined the effects of MBD with/without polyethylene glycol (PEG) on both human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) and retinal ganglion cells-like (RGC-5) cultured in the presence/absence of ultraviolet B (UVB) treatment on mitochondria function, oxidants, and apoptosis. In ARPE-19/RGC-5 cells either treated or not with UVB, the effects of MBD with/without PEG were evaluated by specific assays for viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS) release. Annexin V was used to detect apoptosis, whereas trypan blue and the scratch assay were used for proliferation/migration. In both physiologic conditions and in the presence of UVB, MBD with/without PEG increased cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, proliferation and migration in both ARPE-19 and RGC-5 cells. In general, the effects of MBD with PEG were greater than those caused by MBD without PEG. Our results suggest that, in particular, MBD with PEG is a safe and effective dye for vitreoretinal surgery through the modulation of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- AGING Project Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sakthipriyan Venkatesan
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- AGING Project Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Micol Alkabes
- Eye Clinic, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Caterina Toma
- Eye Clinic, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University East Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano de Cillà
- Eye Clinic, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University East Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Present and future antipsychotic drugs: a systematic review of the putative mechanisms of action for efficacy and a critical appraisal under a translational perspective. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:106078. [PMID: 35026403 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Antipsychotics represent the mainstay of schizophrenia pharmacological therapy, and their role has been expanded in the last years to mood disorders treatment. Although introduced in 1952, many years of research were required before an accurate picture of how antipsychotics work began to emerge. Despite the well-recognized characterization of antipsychotics in typical and atypical based on their liability to induce motor adverse events, their main action at dopamine D2R to elicit the "anti-psychotic" effect, as well as the multimodal action at other classes of receptors, their effects on intracellular mechanisms starting with receptor occupancy is still not completely understood. Significant lines of evidence converge on the impact of these compounds on multiple molecular signaling pathways implicated in the regulation of early genes and growth factors, dendritic spine shape, brain inflammation, and immune response, tuning overall the function and architecture of the synapse. Here we present, based on PRISMA approach, a comprehensive and systematic review of the above mechanisms under a translational perspective to disentangle those intracellular actions and signaling that may underline clinically relevant effects and represent potential targets for further innovative strategies in antipsychotic therapy.
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Danek PJ, Bromek E, Haduch A, Daniel WA. Chronic treatment with asenapine affects cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) in rat brain and liver. Pharmacological aspects. Neurochem Int 2021; 151:105209. [PMID: 34666077 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroleptics have to be used for a long time to produce a therapeutic effect. Cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) enzymes mediate alternative pathways of neurotransmitter synthesis (i.e. tyramine hydroxylation to dopamine and 5-methoxytryptamine O-demethylation to serotonin), and metabolism of neurosteroids. The aim of our present study was to examine the influence of chronic treatment with the new atypical neuroleptic asenapine on CYP2D in rat brain. In parallel, liver CYP2D was investigated for comparison. Asenapine added in vitro to microsomes of control rats competitively, but weakly inhibited the activity of CYP2D (brain: Ki = 385 μM; liver: Ki = 36 μM). However, prolonged administration of asenapine (0.3 mg/kg sc. for 2 weeks) significantly diminished the activity and protein level of CYP2D in the frontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus and cerebellum, but did not affect the enzyme in the hypothalamus, brain stem, substantia nigra and the remainder of the brain. In contrast, asenapine enhanced the enzyme activity and protein level in the striatum. In the liver, chronically administered asenapine reduced the activity and protein level of CYP2D, and the CYP2D1 mRNA level. In conclusion, prolonged administration of asenapine alters the CYP2D expression in the brain structures and in the liver. Through affecting the CYP2D activity in the brain, asenapine may modify its pharmacological effect. By increasing the CYP2D expression/activity in the striatum, asenapine may accelerate the synthesis of dopamine (via tyramine hydroxylation) and serotonin (via 5-methoxytryptamine O-demethylation), and thus alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms. By reducing the CYP2D expression/activity in other brain structures asenapine may diminish the 21-hydroxylation of neurosteroids and thus have a beneficial influence on the symptoms of schizophrenia. In the liver, by reducing the CYP2D activity, asenapine may slow the biotransformation of concomitantly administered CYP2D substrates (drugs) during continuous treatment of schizophrenia or bipolar disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław J Danek
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Bromek
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Haduch
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Władysława A Daniel
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
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Camillo L, Grossini E, Farruggio S, Marotta P, Gironi LC, Zavattaro E, Savoia P. Alpha-Tocopherol Protects Human Dermal Fibroblasts by Modulating Nitric Oxide Release, Mitochondrial Function, Redox Status, and Inflammation. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 35:1-12. [PMID: 34237733 DOI: 10.1159/000517204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The altered balance between oxidants/antioxidants and inflammation, changes in nitric oxide (NO) release, and mitochondrial function have a role in skin aging through fibroblast modulation. Tocopherol is promising in counteracting the abovementioned events, but the effective mechanism of action needs to be clarified. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effects of α-tocopherol on cell viability/proliferation, NO release, mitochondrial function, oxidants/antioxidants, and inflammation in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) subjected to oxidative stress. METHODS HDF were treated with H2O2 in the presence or absence of 1-10 μM α-tocopherol. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), NO release, and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured; glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1 and -2, glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX-1), inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and Ki-67 were evaluated by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence; cell cycle was analyzed using FACS. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene expression was analyzed through qRT-PCR. RESULTS α-Tocopherol counteracts H2O2, although it remains unclear whether this effect is dose dependent. Improvement of cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, Ki-67 expression, and G0/G1 and G2/M phases of the cell cycle was observed. These effects were accompanied by the increase of GSH content and the reduction of SOD-1 and -2, GPX-1, and ROS release. Also, iNOS expression and NO release were inhibited, and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression was decreased, confirming the putative role of α-tocopherol against inflammation. CONCLUSION α-Tocopherol exerts protective effects in HDF which underwent oxidative stress by modulating the redox status, inflammation, iNOS-dependent NO release, and mitochondrial function. These observations have a potential role in the prevention and treatment of photoaging-related skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Camillo
- Department of Health Science, Dermatologic Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Serena Farruggio
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Marotta
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Zavattaro
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Paola Savoia
- Department of Health Science, Dermatologic Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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Wu HH, Meng TT, Chen JM, Meng FL, Wang SY, Liu RH, Chen JN, Ning B, Li Y, Su GH. Asenapine maleate inhibits angiotensin II-induced proliferation and activation of cardiac fibroblasts via the ROS/TGFβ1/MAPK signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 553:172-179. [PMID: 33773140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibrosis will increase wall stiffness and diastolic dysfunction, which will eventually lead to heart failure. Asenapine maleate (AM) is widely used in the treatment of schizophrenia. In the current study, we explored the potential mechanism underlying the role of AM in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac fibrosis. METHODS Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were stimulated using Ang II with or without AM. Cell proliferation was measured using the cell counting kit-8 assay and the Cell-Light EdU Apollo567 In Vitro Kit. The expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were detected using immunofluorescence or western blotting. At the protein level, the expression levels of the components of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were also detected. RESULTS After Ang II stimulation, TGFβ1, TGFβ1 receptor, α-SMA, fibronectin (Fn), collagen type I (Col1), and collagen type III (Col3) mRNA levels increased; the TGFβ1/MAPK signaling pathway was activated in CFs. After AM pretreatment, cell proliferation was inhibited, the numbers of PCNA -positive cells and the levels of cardiac fibrosis markers decreased. The activity of the TGFβ1/MAPK signaling pathway was also inhibited. Therefore, AM can inhibit cardiac fibrosis by blocking the Ang II-induced activation through TGFβ1/MAPK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report to demonstrate that AM can inhibit Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis by down-regulating the TGFβ1/MAPK signaling pathway. In this process, AM inhibited the proliferation and activation of CFs and reduced the levels of cardiac fibrosis markers. Thus, AM represents a potential treatment strategy for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Wu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ting-Ting Meng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia-Min Chen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fan-Liang Meng
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shu-Ya Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong-Han Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia-Nan Chen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Ning
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guo-Hai Su
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Coronary Endothelium No-Reflow Injury Is Associated with ROS-Modified Mitochondrial Fission through the JNK-Drp1 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6699516. [PMID: 33613824 PMCID: PMC7878075 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6699516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery no-reflow is a complex problem in the area of reperfusion therapy, and the molecular mechanisms underlying coronary artery no-reflow injury have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we explored whether oxidative stress caused damage to coronary endothelial cells by inducing mitochondrial fission and activating the JNK pathway. The hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model was induced in vitro to mimic coronary endothelial no-reflow injury, and mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial function, and endothelial cell viability were analyzed using western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence. Our data indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly induced upon H/R injury, and this was followed by decreased endothelial cell viability. Mitochondrial fission was induced and mitochondrial bioenergetics were impaired in cardiac endothelial cells after H/R injury. Neutralization of ROS reduced mitochondrial fission and protected mitochondrial function against H/R injury. Our results also demonstrated that ROS stimulated mitochondrial fission via JNK-mediated Drp1 phosphorylation. These findings indicate that the ROS-JNK-Drp1 signaling pathway may be one of the molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial cell damage during H/R injury. Novel treatments for coronary no-reflow injury may involve targeting mitochondrial fission and the JNK-Drp1 signaling pathway.
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Goldstein BI, Baune BT, Bond DJ, Chen P, Eyler L, Fagiolini A, Gomes F, Hajek T, Hatch J, McElroy SL, McIntyre RS, Prieto M, Sylvia LG, Tsai S, Kcomt A, Fiedorowicz JG. Call to action regarding the vascular-bipolar link: A report from the Vascular Task Force of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders. Bipolar Disord 2020; 22:440-460. [PMID: 32356562 PMCID: PMC7522687 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association of bipolar disorder with early and excessive cardiovascular disease was identified over a century ago. Nonetheless, the vascular-bipolar link remains underrecognized, particularly with regard to how this link can contribute to our understanding of pathogenesis and treatment. METHODS An international group of experts completed a selective review of the literature, distilling core themes, identifying limitations and gaps in the literature, and highlighting future directions to bridge these gaps. RESULTS The association between bipolar disorder and vascular disease is large in magnitude, consistent across studies, and independent of confounding variables where assessed. The vascular-bipolar link is multifactorial and is difficult to study given the latency between the onset of bipolar disorder, often in adolescence or early adulthood, and subsequent vascular disease, which usually occurs decades later. As a result, studies have often focused on risk factors for vascular disease or intermediate phenotypes, such as structural and functional vascular imaging measures. There is interest in identifying the most relevant mediators of this relationship, including lifestyle (eg, smoking, diet, exercise), medications, and systemic biological mediators (eg, inflammation). Nonetheless, there is a paucity of treatment studies that deliberately engage these mediators, and thus far no treatment studies have focused on engaging vascular imaging targets. CONCLUSIONS Further research focused on the vascular-bipolar link holds promise for gleaning insights regarding the underlying causes of bipolar disorder, identifying novel treatment approaches, and mitigating disparities in cardiovascular outcomes for people with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin I. Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar DisorderSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoONCanada,Departments of Psychiatry & PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Bernhard T. Baune
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany,Department of PsychiatryMelbourne Medical SchoolThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - David J. Bond
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral ScienceUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - Pao‐Huan Chen
- Department of PsychiatryTaipei Medical University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan,Department of PsychiatrySchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Lisa Eyler
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San DiegoSan DiegoCAUSA
| | | | - Fabiano Gomes
- Department of PsychiatryQueen’s University School of MedicineKingstonONCanada
| | - Tomas Hajek
- Department of PsychiatryDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNSCanada,National Institute of Mental HealthKlecanyCzech Republic
| | - Jessica Hatch
- Centre for Youth Bipolar DisorderSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoONCanada,Departments of Psychiatry & PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Susan L. McElroy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA,Lindner Center of HOPEMasonOHUSA
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- Departments of Psychiatry & PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada,Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology UnitUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Miguel Prieto
- Department of PsychiatryFaculty of MedicineUniversidad de los AndesSantiagoChile,Mental Health ServiceClínica Universidad de los AndesSantiagoChile,Department of Psychiatry and PsychologyMayo Clinic College of Medicine and ScienceRochesterMNUSA
| | - Louisa G. Sylvia
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA,Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Shang‐Ying Tsai
- Department of PsychiatryTaipei Medical University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan,Department of PsychiatrySchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Andrew Kcomt
- Hope+Me—Mood Disorders Association of OntarioTorontoONCanada
| | - Jess G. Fiedorowicz
- Departments of Psychiatry, Internal Medicine, & EpidemiologyCarver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
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Farruggio S, Raina G, Cocomazzi G, Librasi C, Mary D, Gentilli S, Grossini E. Genistein improves viability, proliferation and mitochondrial function of cardiomyoblasts cultured in physiologic and peroxidative conditions. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:2298-2310. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Farruggio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Raina
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Grazia Cocomazzi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Librasi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sergio Gentilli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Health of Sciences, University of East Piedmont; University Hospital Company Major of Charity, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
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10
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Rajagopalan AK, Bache WK, Chen SZ, Bojdani E, Li KJ. New-generation Antipsychotics and Cardiovascular Risk. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40501-019-00173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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11
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Savoia P, Raina G, Camillo L, Farruggio S, Mary D, Veronese F, Graziola F, Zavattaro E, Tiberio R, Grossini E. Anti-oxidative effects of 17 β-estradiol and genistein in human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 92:62-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Wang JW, Li AY, Guo QH, Guo YJ, Weiss JW, Ji ES. Endothelin-1 and ET receptors impair left ventricular function by mediated coronary arteries dysfunction in chronic intermittent hypoxia rats. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/1/e13050. [PMID: 28057852 PMCID: PMC5256153 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) results in cardiac dysfunction and vascular endothelium injury. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), the main characteristic of OSAS, is considered to be mainly responsible for cardiovascular system impairment. This study is aimed to evaluate the role of endothelin‐1(ET‐1) system in coronary injury and cardiac dysfunction in CIH rats. In our study, Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to CIH (FiO2 9% for 1.5 min, repeated every 3 min for 8 h/d, 7 days/week for 3 weeks). After 3 weeks, the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and coronary resistance (CR) were measured with the langendorff mode in isolated hearts. Meanwhile, expressions of ET‐1 and ET receptors were detected by immunohistochemical and western blot, histological changes were also observed to determine effects of CIH on coronary endothelial cells. Results suggested that decreased LVDP level combined with augmented coronary resistance was exist in CIH rats. CIH could induce endothelial injury and endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation dysfunction in the coronary arteries. Furthermore, ET‐1 and ETA receptor expressions in coronary vessels were increased after CIH exposure, whereas ETB receptors expression was decreased. Coronary contractile response to ET‐1 in both normoxia and CIH rats was inhibited by ETA receptor antagonist BQ123. However, ETB receptor antagonist BQ788 enhanced ET‐1‐induced contractile in normoxia group, but had no significant effects on CIH group. These results indicate that CIH‐induced cardiac dysfunction may be associated with coronary injury. ET‐1 plays an important role in coronary pathogenesis of CIH through ETA receptor by mediating a potent vasoconstrictor response. Moreover, decreased ETB receptor expression that leads to endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation decline, might be also participated in coronary and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ai-Ying Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ya-Jing Guo
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - James W Weiss
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - En-Sheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Monomeric adiponectin increases cell viability in porcine aortic endothelial cells cultured in normal and high glucose conditions: Data on kinases activation. Data Brief 2016; 8:1381-6. [PMID: 27583345 PMCID: PMC4993859 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We found that monomeric adiponectin was able to increase cell viability in porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAE) cultured both in normal and high glucose condition. Moreover, in normal glucose condition monomeric adiponectin increased p38MAPK, Akt, ERK1/2 and eNOS phosphorylation in a dose- and time-dependent way. Also in high glucose condition monomeric adiponectin increased eNOS and above kinases phosphorylation with similar patterns but at lower extent. For interpretation of the data presented in this article, please see the research article “Monomeric adiponectin modulates nitric oxide release and calcium movements in porcine aortic endothelial cells in normal/high glucose conditions” (Grossini et al., in press) [1].
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Grossini E, Farruggio S, Qoqaiche F, Raina G, Camillo L, Sigaudo L, Mary D, Surico N, Surico D. Monomeric adiponectin modulates nitric oxide release and calcium movements in porcine aortic endothelial cells in normal/high glucose conditions. Life Sci 2016; 161:1-9. [PMID: 27469459 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Perivascular adipose tissue can be involved in the process of cardiovascular pathology through the release of adipokines, namely adiponectins. Monomeric adiponectin has been shown to increase coronary blood flow in anesthetized pigs through increased nitric oxide (NO) release and the involvement of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1). The present study was therefore planned to examine the effects of monomeric adiponectin on NO release and Ca(2+) transients in porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEs) in normal/high glucose conditions and the related mechanisms. MAIN METHODS PAEs were treated with monomeric adiponectin alone or in the presence of intracellular kinases blocker, AdipoR1 and Ca(2+)-ATPase pump inhibitors. The role of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger was examined in experiments performed in zero Na(+) medium. NO release and intracellular Ca(2+) were measured through specific probes. KEY FINDINGS In PAE cultured in normal glucose conditions, monomeric adiponectin elevated NO production and [Ca(2+)]c. Similar effects were observed in high glucose conditions, although the response was lower and not transient. The Ca(2+) mobilized by monomeric adiponectin originated from an intracellular pool thapsigargin- and ATP-sensitive and from the extracellular space. Moreover, the effects of monomeric adiponectin were prevented by kinase blockers and AdipoR1 inhibitor. Finally, in normal glucose condition, a role for Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and Ca(2+)-ATPase pump in restoring Ca(2+) was found. SIGNIFICANCE Our results add new information about the control of endothelial function elicited by monomeric adiponectin, which would be achieved by modulation of NO release and Ca(2+) transients. A signalling related to Akt, ERK1/2 and p38MAPK downstream AdipoR1 would be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grossini
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy.
| | - Serena Farruggio
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Fatima Qoqaiche
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Giulia Raina
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Lara Camillo
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sigaudo
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Nicola Surico
- Gynecologic Unit, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Daniela Surico
- Gynecologic Unit, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
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Grossini E, Raina G, Farruggio S, Camillo L, Molinari C, Mary D, Walker GE, Bona G, Vacca G, Moia S, Prodam F, Surico D. Intracoronary Des-Acyl Ghrelin Acutely Increases Cardiac Perfusion Through a Nitric Oxide-Related Mechanism in Female Anesthetized Pigs. Endocrinology 2016; 157:2403-15. [PMID: 27100620 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Des-acyl ghrelin (DAG), the most abundant form of ghrelin in humans, has been found to reduce arterial blood pressure and prevent cardiac and endothelial cell apoptosis. Despite this, data regarding its direct effect on cardiac function and coronary blood flow, as well as the related involvement of autonomic nervous system and nitric oxide (NO), are scarce. We therefore examined these issues using both in vivo and in vitro studies. In 20 anesthetized pigs, intracoronary 100 pmol/mL DAG infusion with a constant heart rate and aortic blood pressure, increased coronary blood flow and NO release, whereas reducing coronary vascular resistances (P < .05). Dose responses to DAG were evaluated in five pigs. No effects on cardiac contractility/relaxation or myocardial oxygen consumption were observed. Moreover, whereas the blockade of muscarinic cholinoceptors (n = 5) or α- and β-adrenoceptors (n = 5 each) did not abolish the observed responses, NO synthase inhibition (n = 5) prevented the effects of DAG on coronary blood flow and NO release. In coronary artery endothelial cells, DAG dose dependently increased NO release through cAMP signaling and ERK1/2, Akt, and p38 MAPK involvement as well as the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase. In conclusion, in anesthetized pigs, DAG primarily increased cardiac perfusion through the involvement of NO release. Moreover, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt appears to play roles in eliciting the observed NO production in coronary artery endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grossini
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Raina
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Serena Farruggio
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Lara Camillo
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Gillian Elisabeth Walker
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Gianni Bona
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vacca
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Stefania Moia
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Flavia Prodam
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
| | - Daniela Surico
- Laboratory Physiology/Experimental Surgery (E.G., G.R., S.F., L.C., C.M., D.M., G.V., D.S.), Department of Translational Medicine, and Pediatric Unit (G.E.W., G.B., S.M., F.P.), Department of Health Sciences, University E Piedmont "A. Avogadro," Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, I-12800 Novara, Italy
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Grossini E, Gramaglia C, Farruggio S, Camillo L, Mary D, Vacca G, Zeppegno P. Asenapine modulates nitric oxide release and calcium movements in cardiomyoblasts. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2016; 7:6-14. [PMID: 27127388 PMCID: PMC4831496 DOI: 10.4103/0976-500x.179358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of asenapine on nitric oxide (NO) release and Ca(2+) transients in H9C2 cell line, which were either subjected to peroxidation or not. MATERIALS AND METHODS H9C2 were treated with asenapine alone or in presence of intracellular kinase blockers, serotoninergic and dopaminergic antagonists, and voltage Ca(2+) channels inhibitors. Experiments were also performed in H9C2 treated with hydrogen peroxide. NO release and intracellular Ca(2+) were measured through specific probes. RESULTS In H9C2, asenapine differently modulated NO release and Ca(2+) movements depending on peroxidative condition. The Ca(2+) pool mobilized by asenapine mainly originated from the extracellular space and was slightly affected by thapsigargin. Moreover, the effects of asenapine were reduced or prevented by kinases blockers, dopaminergic and serotoninergic receptors inhibitors, and voltage Ca(2+) channels blockers. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of our findings, we can conclude that asenapine by interacting with its specific receptors, exerts dual effects on NO release and Ca(2+) homeostasis in H9C2; this would be of particular clinical relevance when considering their role in cardiac function modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grossini
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Via Solaroli 17, I-28100, Novara, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Carla Gramaglia
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, Psichiatric Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Via Solaroli 17, I-28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Serena Farruggio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Via Solaroli 17, I-28100, Novara, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Lara Camillo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, Psichiatric Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Via Solaroli 17, I-28100, Novara, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Via Solaroli 17, I-28100, Novara, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vacca
- Department of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Via Solaroli 17, I-28100, Novara, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zeppegno
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore Della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, Psichiatric Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Via Solaroli 17, I-28100, Novara, Italy
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Grossini E, Marotta P, Farruggio S, Sigaudo L, Qoqaiche F, Raina G, de Giuli V, Mary D, Vacca G, Pollastro F. Effects of Artemetin on Nitric Oxide Release and Protection against Peroxidative Injuries in Porcine Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1339-1348. [PMID: 26032176 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Artemetin is one of the main components of Achillea millefolium L. and Artemisia absinthium, which have long been used for the treatment of various diseases. To date, however, available information about protective effects of their extracts on the cardiovascular system is scarce. Therefore, we planned to analyze the effects of artemetin on nitric oxide (NO) release and the protection exerted against oxidation in porcine aortic endothelial (PAE) cells. In PAE, we examined the modulation of NO release caused by artemetin and the involvement of muscarinic receptors, β2-adrenoreceptors, estrogenic receptors (ER), protein-kinase A, phospholipase-C, endothelial-NO-synthase (eNOS), Akt, extracellular-signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). Moreover, in cells treated with hydrogen peroxide, the effects of artemetin were examined on cell survival, glutathione (GSH) levels, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and transition pore opening. Artemetin increased eNOS-dependent NO production by the involvement of muscarinic receptors, β2-adrenoreceptors, ER and all the aforementioned kinases. Furthermore, artemetin improved cell viability in PAE that were subjected to peroxidation by counteracting GSH depletion and apoptosis and through the modulation of mitochondrial function. In conclusion, artemetin protected endothelial function by acting as antioxidant and antiapoptotic agent and through the activation of ERK1/2 and Akt. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Marotta
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Serena Farruggio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sigaudo
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Fatima Qoqaiche
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Raina
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Veronica de Giuli
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vacca
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Dept. Drug Sciences, University East Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Largo Donegani 2, Novara, Italy
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Grossini E, Bellofatto K, Farruggio S, Sigaudo L, Marotta P, Raina G, De Giuli V, Mary D, Pollesello P, Minisini R, Pirisi M, Vacca G. Levosimendan inhibits peroxidation in hepatocytes by modulating apoptosis/autophagy interplay. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124742. [PMID: 25880552 PMCID: PMC4400069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Levosimendan protects rat liver against peroxidative injuries through mechanisms related to nitric oxide (NO) production and mitochondrial ATP-dependent K (mitoKATP) channels opening. However, whether levosimendan could modulate the cross-talk between apoptosis and autophagy in the liver is still a matter of debate. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the role of levosimendan as a modulator of the apoptosis/autophagy interplay in liver cells subjected to peroxidation and the related involvement of NO and mitoKATP. Methods and Findings In primary rat hepatocytes that have been subjected to oxidative stress, Western blot was performed to examine endothelial and inducible NO synthase isoforms (eNOS, iNOS) activation, apoptosis/autophagy and survival signalling detection in response to levosimendan. In addition, NO release, cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening (MPTP) were examined through specific dyes. Some of those evaluations were also performed in human hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Pre-treatment of hepatocytes with levosimendan dose-dependently counteracted the injuries caused by oxidative stress and reduced NO release by modulating eNOS/iNOS activation. In hepatocytes, while the autophagic inhibition reduced the effects of levosimendan, after the pan-caspases inhibition, cell survival and autophagy in response to levosimendan were increased. Finally, all protective effects were prevented by both mitoKATP channels inhibition and NOS blocking. In HSC, levosimendan was able to modulate the oxidative balance and inhibit autophagy without improving cell viability and apoptosis. Conclusions Levosimendan protects hepatocytes against oxidative injuries by autophagic-dependent inhibition of apoptosis and the activation of survival signalling. Such effects would involve mitoKATP channels opening and the modulation of NO release by the different NOS isoforms. In HSC, levosimendan would also play a role in cell activation and possible evolution toward fibrosis. These findings highlight the potential of levosimendan as a therapeutic agent for the treatment or prevention of liver ischemia/reperfusion injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Kevin Bellofatto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Serena Farruggio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sigaudo
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Marotta
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Raina
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Veronica De Giuli
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Piero Pollesello
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Rosalba Minisini
- Internal Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Mario Pirisi
- Internal Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vacca
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont “Amedeo Avogadro”, Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Italy
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