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Weber S. Modeling key intermediates during anaerobic digestion of lipid rich kitchen waste with an extended ADM1. Biodegradation 2024; 35:701-717. [PMID: 38523174 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10072-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative dynamics of the key intermediates, gases and carbohydrates during anaerobic digestion of different lipid rich kitchen waste and lipid rich model kitchen waste were modeled. Six batch reactors loaded with 25 gVS l- 1 ( ∼ 39 g O 2 l- 1 ) kitchen waste and model kitchen waste during a batch experiment were considered in simulation. Observed dynamics of carbohydrates, volatile organic acids and gases were described by an extended benchmark simulation model no. 2 (BSM2). In this study the extended BSM2 included a more detailed β -oxidation for prediction of caproic acid. Furthermore, the extensions included carbohydrate digestion with an additional intermediate before propionic acid was released. In addition, a novel simplification approach for initial pH estimation was successfully applied. For parameter estimation a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method was used to obtain parameter distributions. With the presented model it was possible even with no calibrated data to predict point of times of intermediates maxima and propionic acid with relative stable concentration over several days for kitchen waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Weber
- Biofactory Competence Center, Passage du Cardinal 13b, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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2
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Casabella-Font O, Riva M, Balcázar JL, Radjenovic J, Pijuan M. Distinctive effects of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide on methane production kinetics and pharmaceuticals removal in anaerobic reactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 403:130849. [PMID: 38759894 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) addition to anaerobic digestion has been suggested to enhance direct electron transfer. The impact of GO (0.075 g GO g-1 VS) and biologically and hydrothermally reduced GO (bio-rGO and h-rGO, respectively) on the methane production kinetics and removal of 12 pharmaceuticals was assessed in Fed-batch reactors. A decrease of 15 % in methane production was observed in the tests with GO addition compared with the control and the h-rGO. However, bio-rGO and h-rGO substantially increased the methane production rate compared to the control tests (+40 %), in the third fed-batch test. Removal of pharmaceuticals was enhanced only during the bio-reduction of GO (1st fed-batch test), whereas once the GO was bio-reduced, it followed a similar trend in the control and h-rGO tests. The addition of GO can enhance the methane production rate and, therefore, reduce the anaerobic treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Casabella-Font
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - Massimiliano Riva
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Insubria, Como, Italy
| | - Jose Luis Balcázar
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Jelena Radjenovic
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maite Pijuan
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
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3
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Greses S, Jimenez J, González-Fernández C, Steyer JP. Modelling of anaerobic digestion of microalgae biomass: Effect of overloading perturbation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130625. [PMID: 38518882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of microalgae is an intriguing approach for bioenergy production. The scaling-up of AD presents a significant challenge due to the systematic efficiency losses related to process instabilities. To gain a comprehensive understanding of AD behavior, this study assessed a modified version of the anaerobic digestion model No1 (ADM1) + Contois kinetics to represent microalgae AD impacted by overloading. To this end, two new inhibition functions were implemented: inhibition by acetate for acidogenesis/acetogenesis and total volatile fatty acids for hydrolysis. This proposed ADM1 modification (including Contois kinetics) simulated AD behavior during the stable, disturbed and recovery periods, showing that the inhibition functions described in the original ADM1 cannot explain the AD performance under one of the most common perturbations at industrial scale (overloading). The findings underscore the importance of refining the inhibitions present in original ADM1 to better capture and predict the complexities of microalgae AD against overloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Greses
- Biotechnological Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julie Jimenez
- LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, 102 avenue des Etangs, F-11100 Narbonne, France
| | - Cristina González-Fernández
- Biotechnological Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, Valladolid 47011, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, Valladolid 47011, Spain
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4
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Petersen SO, Ma C, Hilgert JE, Mjöfors K, Sefeedpari P, Amon B, Aarnink A, Francó B, Dragoni F, Groenestein K, Gyldenkærne S, Herrmann C, Hutchings NJ, Kristensen IS, Liu J, Olesen JE, Rodhe L. In-vitro method and model to estimate methane emissions from liquid manure management on pig and dairy farms in four countries. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120233. [PMID: 38330838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) emissions from manure management on livestock farms are a key source of greenhouse gas emissions in some regions and for some production systems, and the opportunities for mitigation may be significant if emissions can be adequately documented. We investigated a method for estimating CH4 emissions from liquid manure (slurry) that is based on anaerobic incubation of slurry collected from commercial farms. Methane production rates were used to derive a parameter of the Arrhenius temperature response function, lnA', representing the CH4 production potential of the slurry at the time of sampling. Results were used for parameterization of an empirical model to estimate annual emissions with daily time steps, where CH4 emissions from individual sources (barns, outside storage tanks) can be calculated separately. A monitoring program was conducted in four countries, i.e., Denmark, Sweden, Germany and the Netherlands, during a 12-month period where slurry was sampled to represent barn and outside storage on finishing pig and dairy farms. Across the four countries, lnA' was higher in pig slurry compared to cattle slurry (p < 0.01), and higher in slurry from barns compared to outside storage (p < 0.01). In a separate evaluation of the incubation method, in-vitro CH4 production rates were comparable with in-situ emissions. The results indicate that lnA' in barns increases with slurry age, probably due to growth or adaptation of the methanogenic microbial community. Using lnA' values determined experimentally, empirical models with daily time steps were constructed for finishing pig and dairy farms and used for scenario analyses. Annual emissions from pig slurry were predicted to be 2.5 times higher than those from cattle slurry. Changing the frequency of slurry export from the barn on the model pig farm from 40 to 7 d intervals reduced total annual CH4 emissions by 46 %; this effect would be much less on cattle farms with natural ventilation. In a scenario with cattle slurry, the empirical model was compared with the current IPCC methodology. The seasonal dynamics were less pronounced, and annual CH4 emissions were lower than with the current methodology, which calls for further investigations. Country-specific models for individual animal categories and point sources could be a tool for assessing CH4 emissions and mitigation potentials at farm level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chun Ma
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Julio E Hilgert
- Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Paria Sefeedpari
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Amon
- Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Potsdam, Germany; University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - André Aarnink
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, the Netherlands
| | | | - Federico Dragoni
- Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Karin Groenestein
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, the Netherlands
| | | | - Christiane Herrmann
- Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Ib S Kristensen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Jing Liu
- BPC Instruments, Lund, Sweden; Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jørgen E Olesen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Lena Rodhe
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Dalby FR, Ambrose HW, Poulsen JS, Nielsen JL, Adamsen APS. Pig slurry organic matter transformation and methanogenesis at ambient storage temperatures. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2023; 52:1139-1151. [PMID: 37703095 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Manure management is a significant source of global methane emissions, and there is an increased interest in understanding and predicting emissions. The hydrolysis rate of manure organic matter is critical for understanding and predicting methane emissions. We estimated hydrolysis rate constants of crude protein, fibers, and lipids and used the Arrhenius equation to describe its dependency on temperature. Simultaneously, measurements of methane emission, 13/12 C isotope ratios, and methanogen community were conducted. This was achieved by incubating fresh pig manure without inoculum at 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C for 85 days in a lab-scale setup. Hydrolysis of hemicellulose and cellulose increased more with temperature than crude protein, but still, hydrolysis rate of crude protein was highest at all temperatures. Results suggested that crude protein consisted of multiple substrate groups displaying large differences in degradability. Lipids and lignin were not hydrolyzed during incubations. Cumulative methane emissions were 7.13 ± 2.69, 24.6 ± 8.00, 66.7 ± 4.8, and 105.7 ± 7.14 gCH4 kgVS -1 at 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, and 25°C, respectively, and methanogenic community shifted from Methanosphaera toward Methanocorpusculum over time and more quickly at higher temperatures. This study provides important parameter estimates and dependencies on temperature, which is important in mechanistic methane emission models. Further work should focus on characterizing quickly degradable substrate pools in the manure organic matter as they might be the main carbon source of methane emission from manure management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Rask Dalby
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Herald Wilson Ambrose
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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6
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Zhang M, Yang Y, Mou H, Pan A, Su X, Chen J, Lin H, Sun F. Enhanced methane yield in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge by combined pretreatment with fungal mash and free nitrous acid. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129441. [PMID: 37399961 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
This study explores a novel approach for enhancing anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) through the combined pretreatment of fungal mash and free nitrous acid (FNA). Aspergillus PAD-2, a fungal strain with superior hydrolase secretion, was isolated from WAS and cultivated in-situ on food waste to produce fungal mash. The solubilization of WAS by fungal mash achieved a high soluble chemical oxygen demand release rate of 548 mg L-1 h-1 within first 3 h. The combined pretreatment of fungal mash and FNA further improved the sludge solubilization by 2-fold and resulted in a doubled methane production rate of 416±11 mL CH4 g-1 volatile solids. The Gompertz model analysis revealed a higher maximum specific methane production rate and shortened lag time by the combined pretreatment. These results demonstrate that the combined fungal mash and FNA pretreatment offers a promising alternative for fast anaerobic digestion of WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yuwei Yang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Huaqian Mou
- Jinhua Water Treatment Co. Ltd., Jinhua 321017, China
| | - Aodong Pan
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaomei Su
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jianrong Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Faqian Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Eco-environmental Science Research & Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, China.
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7
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Mo R, Guo W, Batstone D, Makinia J, Li Y. Modifications to the anaerobic digestion model no. 1 (ADM1) for enhanced understanding and application of the anaerobic treatment processes - A comprehensive review. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120504. [PMID: 37634455 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising method for the recovery of resources and energy from organic wastes. Correspondingly, AD modelling has also been developed in recent years. The International Water Association (IWA) Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) is currently the most commonly used structured AD model. However, as substrates become more complex and our understanding of the AD mechanism grows, both systematic and specific modifications have been applied to the ADM1. Modified models have provided a diverse range of application besides AD processes, such as fermentation and biogas upgrading processes. This paper reviews research on the modification of the ADM1, with a particular focus on processes, kinetics, stoichiometry and parameters, which are the major elements of the model. The paper begins with a brief introduction to the ADM1, followed by a summary of modifications, including extensions to the model structure, modifications to kinetics (including inhibition functions) and stoichiometry, as well as simplifications to the model. The paper also covers kinetic parameter estimation and validation of the model, as well as practical applications of the model to a variety of scenarios. The review highlights the need for improvements in simulating AD and biogas upgrading processes, as well as the lack of full-scale applications to other substrates besides sludge (such as food waste and agricultural waste). Future research directions are suggested for model development based on detailed understanding of the anaerobic treatment mechanisms, and the need to recover of valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Damien Batstone
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jacek Makinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, Gdansk 80-233, Poland
| | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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8
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Yang Z, Ji N, Huang J, Wang J, Drewniak L, Yin H, Hu C, Zhan Y, Yang Z, Zeng L, Liu Z. Decreasing lactate input for cost-effective sulfidogenic metal removal in sulfate-rich effluents: Mechanistic insights from (bio)chemical kinetics to microbiome response. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138662. [PMID: 37044147 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
High material cost is the biggest barrier for the industrial use of low-molecular-weight organics (i.e. lactate) as external carbon and electron source for sulfidogenic metal removal in sulfate-rich effluents. This study aims to provide mechanistic evidence from kinetics to microbiome analysis by batch modeling to support the possibility of decreasing the lactate input to achieve cost-effective application. The results showed that gradient COD/SO42- ratios at a low level had promising treatment performance, reaching neutralized pH with nearly total elimination of COD (91%-99%), SO42- (85%-99%), metals (80%-99%) including Cu, Zn, and Mn. First-order kinetics exhibited the best fit (R2 = 0.81-0.98) to (bio)chemical reactions, and the simulation results revealed that higher COD/SO42- accelerated the reaction rate of SO42- and COD but not suitable to that of metals. On the other hand, we found that the decreasing COD/SO42- ratio increased average path distance but decreased clustering coefficient and heterogeneity in microbial interaction network. Genetic prediction found that the sulfate-reduction-related functions were significantly correlated with the reaction kinetics changed with COD/SO42- ratios. Our study, combining reaction kinetics with microbiome analysis, demonstrates that the use of lactate as a carbon source under low COD/SO42- ratios entails significant efficiency of metal removal in sulfate-rich effluent using SRB-based technology. However, further studies should be carried out, including parameter-driven optimization and life cycle assessments are necessary, for its practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Yang
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of City Solid Waste Energy and Buliding Materials Conversion and Utilization Technology, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Ne Ji
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Huang
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of City Solid Waste Energy and Buliding Materials Conversion and Utilization Technology, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of City Solid Waste Energy and Buliding Materials Conversion and Utilization Technology, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Lukasz Drewniak
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Yazhi Zhan
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaoyue Yang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Li Zeng
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of City Solid Waste Energy and Buliding Materials Conversion and Utilization Technology, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenghua Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China.
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Fakih I, Got J, Robles-Rodriguez CE, Siegel A, Forano E, Muñoz-Tamayo R. Dynamic genome-based metabolic modeling of the predominant cellulolytic rumen bacterium Fibrobacter succinogenes S85. mSystems 2023; 8:e0102722. [PMID: 37289026 PMCID: PMC10308913 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01027-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrobacter succinogenes is a cellulolytic bacterium that plays an essential role in the degradation of plant fibers in the rumen ecosystem. It converts cellulose polymers into intracellular glycogen and the fermentation metabolites succinate, acetate, and formate. We developed dynamic models of F. succinogenes S85 metabolism on glucose, cellobiose, and cellulose on the basis of a network reconstruction done with the automatic reconstruction of metabolic model workspace. The reconstruction was based on genome annotation, five template-based orthology methods, gap filling, and manual curation. The metabolic network of F. succinogenes S85 comprises 1,565 reactions with 77% linked to 1,317 genes, 1,586 unique metabolites, and 931 pathways. The network was reduced using the NetRed algorithm and analyzed for the computation of elementary flux modes. A yield analysis was further performed to select a minimal set of macroscopic reactions for each substrate. The accuracy of the models was acceptable in simulating F. succinogenes carbohydrate metabolism with an average coefficient of variation of the root mean squared error of 19%. The resulting models are useful resources for investigating the metabolic capabilities of F. succinogenes S85, including the dynamics of metabolite production. Such an approach is a key step toward the integration of omics microbial information into predictive models of rumen metabolism. IMPORTANCE F. succinogenes S85 is a cellulose-degrading and succinate-producing bacterium. Such functions are central for the rumen ecosystem and are of special interest for several industrial applications. This work illustrates how information of the genome of F. succinogenes can be translated to develop predictive dynamic models of rumen fermentation processes. We expect this approach can be applied to other rumen microbes for producing a model of rumen microbiome that can be used for studying microbial manipulation strategies aimed at enhancing feed utilization and mitigating enteric emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Fakih
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR454 Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jeanne Got
- Université Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Dyliss team, 35042 Rennes, France
| | | | - Anne Siegel
- Université Rennes, Inria, CNRS, IRISA, Dyliss team, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Evelyne Forano
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR454 Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Rafael Muñoz-Tamayo
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, 91120 Palaiseau, France
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10
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Huy Hoang Phan Q, Pham Phan T, Khanh Thinh Nguyen P. Mathematical modeling of dark fermentative hydrogen and soluble by-products generations from water hyacinth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129266. [PMID: 37271462 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The production of hydrogen and soluble metabolite products from water hyacinth via dark fermentation was modeled. The model was built on the assumption that the substrate exists in two forms (i.e., soluble and particulate) and undergoes two stages (i.e., hydrolysis and acidogenesis) in the dark fermentation process. The modified Michaelis-Menten and surface-limiting models were applied to describe the hydrolysis of soluble and particulate forms, respectively. Meanwhile, the acidogenesis stage was modeled based on the multi-substrate-single-biomass model. The effects of temperature, pH, and substrate concentration were integrated into the model to increase flexibility. As a result, the model prediction agreed with the experimental and literature data of water hyacinth-fed dark fermentation, with high coefficient of determination values of 0.92 - 0.97 for hydrogen and total soluble metabolite products. These results indicate that the proposed model could be further applied to dark fermentation's downstream and hybrid processes using water hyacinth and other substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Huy Hoang Phan
- Faculty of Biology and Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Pham Phan
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Lac Hong University, 10 Huynh Van Nghe Street, Buu Long Ward, Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province, Viet Nam
| | - Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Cavalcante WA, de Menezes CA, da Silva Júnior FCG, Gehring TA, Leitão RC, Zaiat M. From start-up to maximum loading: An approach for methane production in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor fed with the liquid fraction of fruit and vegetable waste. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 335:117578. [PMID: 36863146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This investigation provides a reproducible approach for determining the limits of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor designed for the methanization of the liquid fraction of fruit and vegetable waste (FVWL). Two identical mesophilic UASB reactors were operated for 240 days with a three-day fixed hydraulic retention time and an organic load rate (OLR) increased from 1.8 to 10 gCOD L-1 d-1. Because of the previous estimation of flocculent-inoculum methanogenic activity, it was possible to design a safe OLR for the quick start-up of both UASB reactors. The operational variables obtained from the operation of the UASB reactors did not show statistical differences, ensuring the experiment's reproducibility. As a result, the reactors achieved methane yield close to 0.250 LCH4 gCOD-1 up to the OLR of 7.7 gCOD L-1 d-1. Furthermore, the maximum volumetric methane production rate of 2.0 LCH4 L-1 d-1 was discovered for the OLR ranges between 7.7 and 10 gCOD L-1 d-1. The possible overload at OLR of 10 gCOD L-1 d-1 resulted in a significant reduction of methane production in both UASB reactors. Based on the methanogenic activity of the UASB reactors sludge, a maximum loading capacity of approximately 8 gCOD L-1 d-1 was estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willame A Cavalcante
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone 1100, ZIP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, ZIP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | | | - Francisco C G da Silva Júnior
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone 1100, ZIP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, ZIP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Tito A Gehring
- Institute of Urban Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr.150, Bochum, 44801, Germany.
| | - Renato C Leitão
- Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, ZIP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Zaiat
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone 1100, ZIP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Dababat S, Berzio S, Wichern M, Lübken M. Anaerobic digestibility of aerobic granular sludge from continuous flow reactors: the role of granule size distribution. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:3047-3058. [PMID: 37387429 PMCID: wst_2023_184 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in integrating aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology into wastewater industries. Several projects are being performed to cultivate the aerobic granules for continuous flow reactors (AGS-CFR), while there is a scarcity of those projects that investigate the bio-energy recovery from AGS-CFR. This research was designed to examine the digestibility of AGS-CFR. Beyond that, it aimed at defining the role of the granule size on their digestibility. For this purpose, a series of bio-methane potential (BMP) tests have been run at mesophilic conditions. The results showed that AGS-CFR has a lower methane potential (107.43 ± 4.30 NmL/g VS) compared to activated sludge. This may be the result of the high sludge age (30 days) of AGS-CFR. Additionally, the results revealed that the average size of granules is among the main factors that reduce their digestibility, but it does not inhibit it. It was noticed that granules of size >250 μm have a significantly lower methane yield than the smaller ones. Kinetically, it was noticed that the kinetic models with two hydrolysis rates fit well with the methane curve of AGS-CFR. Overall, this work showed that the average size of AGS-CFR characterizes its biodegradability, which in turn defines its methane yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salahaldeen Dababat
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Urban Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum 44801, Germany E-mail:
| | - Stephan Berzio
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Urban Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Marc Wichern
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Urban Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
| | - Manfred Lübken
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Urban Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
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13
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Vavilin VA, Lokshina LY. Carbon and hydrogen dynamic isotope equations are used to describe the dominant processes of waste biodegradation: Effect of aeration in methanogenic phase of the landfill. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 166:280-293. [PMID: 37207589 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The sequence of microbiological processes occurring during the decomposition of fresh and old organic wastes from landfills is analyzed using the developed dynamic models, which are verified on the basis of experimental data previously obtained in anaerobic and aerobic laboratory reactors. The models are based on the material balances of the heavy and light isotopes of carbon and hydrogen during the biodegradation of cellulosic waste as a relatively poorly degradable substrate. According to the models, under anaerobic conditions, dissolved carbon dioxide is a substrate for hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, which leads to an increase in the isotope signature of carbon in carbon dioxide and its subsequent stabilization. After the introduction of aeration, methane production ceases, and from that time on, carbon dioxide remains only a product of cellulose and acetate oxidation, which causes a significant decrease in the isotopic signature of carbon in carbon dioxide. The dynamics of the deuterium content in the leachate water is described as a consequence of the rate of its entry into and exit from the two (upper and lower) compartments of the vertical reactors, as well as the rates of its consumption and formation during microbiological reactions. According to the models, in the anaerobic case, the water is first enriched with deuterium due to acidogenesis and syntrophic acetate oxidation and then diluted with deuterium-depleted water, which is continuously fed to the top of the reactors. In the aerobic case, a similar dynamic is simulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily A Vavilin
- Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation.
| | - Lyudmila Y Lokshina
- Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina str., Moscow 119333, Russian Federation.
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14
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Vieira Turnell Suruagy M, Ross AB, Babatunde A. Influence of microwave temperature and power on the biomethanation of food waste under mesophilic anaerobic conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 341:117900. [PMID: 37150174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Food waste is an attractive feedstock for Anaerobic Digestion due to its high biodegradability and moisture content. Nevertheless, due to its complex structure and composition, methane yield is typically compromised with 50-60% of the theoretical maximum obtained. The well-known limitation of the hydrolysis step can be circumvented by adopting feedstock pre-treatments, such as microwave irradiation. It improves solubilization of various FW components making them more readily available for the microorganisms and reducing AD process duration. In this work different heating rates (7.8, 3.9 and 1.9 °C/min) and temperatures (85, 115, 145, 175 °C) were applied when pre-treating food waste as a substrate for AD. Increase in the solubilization of organic matter in the form of Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand was the most significative change in FW characteristics after pre-treatment, with final temperature of 175 °C and heating rate of 3.9 °C showing a 73.19% increment. Nevertheless, process performance of AD of MW FW was optimum at 85 °C 7.8 ramp, showing no intermediate products accumulation, up to 77% more methane produced in the first week of digestion compared to the other conditions tested and reduction of 96.36% on the lag phase duration, compared to the control. On the other hand, samples treated at 175 °C, regardless of heating rate, consistently showed poor process performance, with low methane yield, possibly due to the formation of hard-to-digest compounds. This work underlines the importance of adjusting microwave temperature and power when pre-treating FW for biomethane production so the process is optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Vieira Turnell Suruagy
- BioResource Systems Research Group, School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrew Barry Ross
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Akintunde Babatunde
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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15
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Moscoviz R, Haddad M, Rouez M, Conteau D. Achieving stable anaerobic mono-digestion of concentrated waste activated sludge without any pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 380:129114. [PMID: 37137446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Sludge digesters are generally designed using empirical thresholds that were defined several decades ago, typically leading to large digesters displaying low organic loading rates (1-2.5 kgVS.m-3.d-1). However, the state of the art has significantly evolved since these rules were set, especially regarding bioprocess modelling and ammonia inhibition. This study demonstrates that digesters can be safely operated at high sludge concentration and total ammonia concentration up to 3.5 gN.L-1, without any sludge pretreatment. The possibility of operating sludge digesters at organic loading rates of 4 kgVS.m-3.d-1 by feeding concentrated sludge was identified through modelling and experimentally confirmed. Based on these results, the present work proposes a new mechanistic digester sizing strategy based on microbial growth and ammonia-related inhibition in lieu of historical empirical methods. Applying such method to sludge digester sizing could lead to very significant volume reduction (25-55%), which would result in reduced process footprint and more competitive building costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Moscoviz
- SUEZ, CIRSEE, 38 rue du Président Wilson, 78230 Le Pecq, France.
| | - Mathieu Haddad
- SUEZ Treatment Infrastructure, SUEZ International, Tour CB21 - 16 place de l'Iris, 92040 Paris La Défense, France
| | - Maxime Rouez
- SUEZ, CIRSEE, 38 rue du Président Wilson, 78230 Le Pecq, France
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16
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Wang C, Wang Y, Chen Z, Wei W, Chen X, Mannina G, Ni BJ. A novel strategy for efficiently transforming waste activated sludge into medium-chain fatty acid using free nitrous acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160826. [PMID: 36502988 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The global energy crisis is approaching due to rapid population growth and overexploitation of fossil fuels. Therefore, the development and use of new and renewable energy sources is already in the extreme urgency. This work developed a novel technology to efficiently produce renewable liquid bioenergy from discarded wastes, by effectively transforming sewage sludge into high-value medium chain fatty acids (MCFA). The maximum MCFA yield in the anaerobic sludge fermentation was revealed to be 10.6 times of control when utilizing sewage sludge with 1.78 mg-N/L free nitrous acid (FNA) pretreatment. The carbon flow from sewage sludge into MCFA in the fermentation system was significantly enhanced with appropriate levels (0.71-1.78 mg-N/L) of FNA pretreatment. Compared to FNA pretreatment, however, its direct addition severely inhibited total products (i.e., carboxylates and complex alcohols) generation because of the toxicity on live cells (decreasing to 8.3 %-13.9 %) in sludge. Kinetic models (one-substrate and two-substrate) were utilized to investigate the mechanism of MCFA promotion by FNA pretreatment on anaerobic sludge fermentation, in which linear relationship analysis between FNA-derived organic release and the fitted parameters were also performed. The results indicated that the conversion of refractory materials into rapidly bioavailable substrates for MCFA production contributed to increasing MCFA production rate and potential. Moreover, the relative abundances of functional microorganisms related to hydrolysis-acidification and chain elongation process increased under FNA pretreatment, further favoring the MCFA production. This study provides a novel and effective technology of sludge energy recovery that can achieve the next-generation sustainable sewage sludge management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Zhijie Chen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Xueming Chen
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Giorgio Mannina
- Engineering Department, Palermo University, Ed. 8 Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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17
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Gaspari M, Alvarado-Morales M, Tsapekos P, Angelidaki I, Kougias P. Simulating the performance of biogas reactors co-digesting ammonia and/or fatty acid rich substrates. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Ullah Z, Khan M, Khan I, Jamil A, Sikandar U, Mehran MT, Mubashir M, Tham PE, Khoo KS, Show PL. Recent Progress in Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Alkane (C2–C4) to Alkenes in a Fluidized Bed Reactor Under Mixed Metallic Oxide Catalyst. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Kegl T. Consideration of biological and inorganic additives in upgraded anaerobic digestion BioModel. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127252. [PMID: 35513240 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper deals with the numerical simulation of biogas production in the anaerobic digestion process of organic waste. Special attention is focused on the modeling of the activities of biological and inorganic additives, which are used to enhance the process and reduce H2S content in the biogas. For this purpose, an existing BioModel is upgraded with the modified Michaelis-Menten kinetics in order to model the enzymatic hydrolysis and with adequate modeling of physicochemical processes. The upgraded BioModel was calibrated with experimental data obtained from a full-scale biogas plant, used in combination with an active set optimization procedure; the relative agreement indices were 0.9376, 0.9419, 0.7957, and 0.7663 for biogas, CH4, H2, and H2S flow rates, respectively. Statistical efficiency criteria differ up to 5% in model calibration and validation. The obtained results confirm the importance of additives modeling and the usefulness of the proposed model for industrial biogas plants' performance improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kegl
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Maribor, Slovenia.
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20
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Wen L, Huang XW, Li XY. Enhanced production of short-chain fatty acids from sludge by thermal hydrolysis and acidogenic fermentation for organic resource recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154389. [PMID: 35276155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acidogenic fermentation (FM treatment) converts organics in waste sludge to valuable short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). To maintain a favorable condition for the production of SCFAs, an alkali is often added continuously to maintain an alkaline pH in the fermenter. However, this chemical adjustment is costly and biotic hydrolysis is slow. In this research, thermal hydrolysis (TH) was introduced as a pretreatment to enhance fermentation and SCFA production. The results were compared with those obtained from the untreated sludge that underwent fermentation with a daily pH 10 adjustment (NT-FMpH10). The TH pretreatment resulted in rapid abiotic hydrolysis within a short period (1 h), releasing more than 30.5% of organics into the liquid phase of the sludge. These dissolved organics in sludge promoted rapid acidogenesis and SCFA production. TH together with a one-time alkali pretreatment further increased the production of SCFAs during sludge fermentation (TH&Alk-FM): it produced 22.8% more SCFAs than the non-treated NT-FMpH10 sludge with alkaline pH control during fermentation. Semicontinuous fermentation further showed the advantage of the TH&Alk-FM process, as a rapid and high production of SCFAs was achieved when the fermentation time was shortened from 5 d to 2 d. The microbial community analysis revealed that TH&Alk-FM and NT-FMpH10 sludge samples had simple but varied microbial communities. The dominant genera in the TH&Alk-FM sludge were unclassified Ruminococcaceae (18.9%) and unclassified Porphyromonadaceae (22.3%), belonging to the classes Clostridia and Bacteroidia, respectively. NT-FMpH10 was dominated by Tissierella (23.7%) and Proteiniborus (13.5%), which belong to Clostridia. Compared with NT-FMpH10, the microbial consortia in TH&Alk-FM were supplied with sufficient soluble organics and performed better in fermentation and SCFA production, without the need for the daily alkali addition to control pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wen
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Wu Huang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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21
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Hoshiko Y, Hirano R, Mustapha NA, Nguyen PDT, Fujie S, Sanchez-Torres V, Maeda T. Impact of 5-fluorouracil on anaerobic digestion using sewage sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134253. [PMID: 35292276 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The role of bacterial interaction is vital to control bacterial functions; however, it has not been fully understood in microbial consortia (including anaerobic digestion). In this study, fluorouracil (FU), which is an anticancer agent and a quorum sensing (QS) inhibitor to some of the Gram-negative bacteria was found to inhibit methane production from sewage sludge under anaerobic conditions, as shown in a result where methane production in the presence of FU was eight times lower than the control (sewage sludge without FU). Whereas FU did not influence the hydrolysis process, in the acidogenesis/acetogenesis process, butyrate, and acetate accumulated in samples with FU. Also, in the methanogenesis process, FU remarkably inhibited methane production by acetoclastic methanogens rather than by the hydrogenotrophic ones. This result agreed with the result that growth and methane production of Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A was inhibited in the presence of FU. However, the inhibitory effect of FU was high in the condition that both bacteria and archaea were active. It indicates that FU influences methanogens and bacteria in the process of methane fermentation. The analyses of microbial communities (bacteria and archaea) showed that the abundance ratio of the Firmicutes phyla is high, and hydrogenotrophic methanogens become dominant in the presence of FU. Conversely, the abundance of Spirochaetes significantly decreased under FU. The inhibition of methane production by FU was due to the growth inhibition of methanogenic archaea and the changes in the composition of the bacterial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hoshiko
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Hirano
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Nurul Asyifah Mustapha
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Phuong Dong Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Danang, University of Science and Technology, Danang, Viet Nam
| | - Shuto Fujie
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Viviana Sanchez-Torres
- Escuela de Ingenieria Quimica, Universidad Industrial de Santander, A.A. 678, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Toshinari Maeda
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan; Collaborative Research Centre for Green Materials on Environmental Technology, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan.
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22
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Morales‐Huerta JC, Hernández‐Meléndez O, Garcés‐Sandoval FI, Montiel C, Hernández‐Luna MG, Manero O, Bárzana E, Vivaldo‐Lima E. Modeling of Pretreatment and Combined Alkaline and Enzymatic Hydrolyses of Blue Agave Bagasse in Corotating Twin‐screw Extruders. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202100059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Morales‐Huerta
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Oscar Hernández‐Meléndez
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Fernando Iván Garcés‐Sandoval
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Carmina Montiel
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | | | - Octavio Manero
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Eduardo Bárzana
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Eduardo Vivaldo‐Lima
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
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23
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Factors That Affect Methane Yield Using Raw Olive Alperujo (Unhydrolyzed) as Substrate in BMP Assays. RECYCLING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/recycling7020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The olive alperujo (OA) corresponds to the solid waste generated in the olive oil extraction process using the two-phase centrifugation method. OA is produced in large quantities (800 kg OA/ton olives processed) and is characterized by its high moisture content, organic matter, and low pH. In Chile, the olive oil industry is recent, and one of its main challenges is to be able to manage OA to reduce the impact caused by its disposal. In this sense, its valorization as biogas by means of anaerobic digestion is an economically attractive option. For this, it is previously necessary to evaluate the biomethane potential (BMP) of the raw OA using batch assays. This study was focused on evaluating the factors that most affect the methane yield (MY) when using OA as substrate in BMP tests. First, a sweep analysis (Plackett–Burman) was applied to determine those factors that, according to the literature, would have an influence on the BMP tests. Among the factors studied, the most significant were preincubation, OA concentration, and agitation level. Subsequently, a 23 factorial experimental design was applied to evaluate the effect of these factors on MY at different levels. Results show that the OA concentration was the most significant factor affecting MY.
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24
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Gouveia B, Duarte E, Dos Santos A, Fernandes E. Dual-pool, three-phase kinetic model of anaerobic digestion in batch mode. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09194. [PMID: 35368534 PMCID: PMC8968575 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Original model based on the kinetics of the digestion process. Better performance than current empirical approaches. Interesting tool to reduce the duration of batch tests.
The ability of anaerobic digestion to create value from waste gives it an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and in the transition to a circular economy. For a better understanding of the digestion process and in order to reduce the number of time-consuming batch tests, an analytical model was developed to describe the kinetics of biogas production. Assuming that the organic fraction of the substrate has different degradation rates, the whole process was modelled as two groups of 1st order reactions. The model was tested with published data and showed an excellent performance in reproducing the experimental information. Moreover, its kinetic constants provided a useful insight into the internal processes of anaerobic digestion and the substrate characteristics. Given its accuracy in fitting the data, the model can be used as an auxiliary tool to determine the biogas potential, presenting itself as the most complete empirical model currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Gouveia
- IN+ Centre for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, LARSyS, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elizabeth Duarte
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Aires Dos Santos
- MARETEC/DEM - Marine, Environment and Technology Centre, LARSyS, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Edgar Fernandes
- IN+ Centre for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research, LARSyS, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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25
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Kinetic Study of the Anaerobic Digestion of Recycled Paper Mill Effluent (RPME) by Using a Novel Modified Anaerobic Hybrid Baffled (MAHB) Reactor. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The process kinetics of an anaerobic digestion process for treating recycled paper mill effluent (RPME) was investigated. A laboratory-scale modified anaerobic hybrid baffled reactor (MAHB) was operated at hydraulic retention times of 1, 3, 5, and 7 days, and the results were analyzed for the kinetic models. A kinetic study was conducted by examining the phase kinetics of the anaerobic digestion process, which were divided into three main stages: hydrolysis kinetics, acetogenesis kinetics, and methane production kinetics. The study demonstrated that hydrolysis was the rate-limiting step. The applied Monod and Contois kinetic models showed satisfactory prediction with μmax values of 1.476 and 0.6796 L day−1, respectively.
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Santiago-Díaz ÁL, Mugica-Álvarez V, de Los Cobos-Vasconcelos D, Vaca-Mier M, Salazar-Peláez ML. Performance evaluation and kinetic modeling of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket septic tank for domestic wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:67414-67428. [PMID: 34254243 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluated the UASB-septic tank performance using different kinetic models that correlated process efficiency and methane production with hydraulic and organic loading rates through experiments with five different HRT (48 h, 36 h, 24 h, 18 h, and 12 h) using synthetic domestic wastewater. The modified Stover-Kincannon model provided the best fitting to calculate kinetics constants, with an R2 above 98% for linear regression, and predicted the effluent COD more accurately than the other models. Methane yield was 0.3294 L CH4/g COD removed, being closer to the theoretical value, and the Van der Meer and Heertjes model had the highest R2 for methane production. Organic matter and solids removal were 45% for TS, 70% and 68% for total and soluble COD, and 85% for TSS. Pollutant removal markedly decreased when the reactor operated HRT below 24 h; thus, it is recommended to operate the UASB-septic tank at this HRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Luis Santiago-Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo Xalpa # 180. Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200, CDMX, México
| | - Violeta Mugica-Álvarez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo Xalpa # 180. Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200, CDMX, México
| | - Daniel de Los Cobos-Vasconcelos
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, México
| | - Mabel Vaca-Mier
- Departamento de Energía, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo Xalpa # 180. Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200, CDMX, México
| | - Mónica Liliana Salazar-Peláez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo Xalpa # 180. Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200, CDMX, México.
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27
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Bollinger E, Zubrod JP, Lai FY, Ahrens L, Filker S, Lorke A, Bundschuh M. Antibiotics as a silent driver of climate change? A case study investigating methane production in freshwater sediments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:113025. [PMID: 34847437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2) and is inter alia produced in natural freshwater ecosystems. Given the rise in CH4 emissions from natural sources, researchers are investigating environmental factors and climate change feedbacks to explain this increment. Despite being omnipresent in freshwaters, knowledge on the influence of chemical stressors of anthropogenic origin (e.g., antibiotics) on methanogenesis is lacking. To address this knowledge gap, we incubated freshwater sediment under anaerobic conditions with a mixture of five antibiotics at four levels (from 0 to 5000 µg/L) for 42 days. Weekly measurements of CH4 and CO2 in the headspace, as well as their compound-specific δ13C, showed that the CH4 production rate was increased by up to 94% at 5000 µg/L and up to 29% at field-relevant concentrations (i.e., 50 µg/L). Metabarcoding of the archaeal and eubacterial 16S rRNA gene showed that effects of antibiotics on bacterial community level (i.e., species composition) may partially explain the observed differences in CH4 production rates. Despite the complications of transferring experimental CH4 production rates to realistic field conditions, the study indicated that chemical stressors contribute to the emissions of greenhouse gases by affecting the methanogenesis in freshwaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bollinger
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany; Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany
| | - J P Zubrod
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany; Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany
| | - F Y Lai
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sweden
| | - L Ahrens
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sweden
| | - S Filker
- Department of Molecular Ecology, University of Technology Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - A Lorke
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany
| | - M Bundschuh
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany; Eusserthal Ecosystem Research Station, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sweden.
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28
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Mathematical Study of a Two-Stage Anaerobic Model When the Hydrolysis Is the Limiting Step. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9112050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A two-step model of the anaerobic digestion process is mathematically and numerically studied. The focus of the paper is put on the hydrolysis and methanogenesis phases when applied to the digestion of waste with a high content of solid matter: existence and stability properties of the equilibrium points are investigated. The hydrolysis step is considered a limiting step in this process using the Contois growth function for the bacteria responsible for the first degradation step. The methanogenesis step being inhibited by the product of the first reaction (which is also the substrate for the second one), and the Haldane growth rate is used for the second reaction step. The operating diagrams with respect to the dilution rate and the input substrate concentrations are established and discussed.
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29
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Ahmed B, Tyagi VK, Aboudi K, Naseem A, Álvarez-Gallego CJ, Fernández-Güelfo LA, Kazmi AA, Romero-García LI. Thermally enhanced solubilization and anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 282:131136. [PMID: 34470172 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is an ideal substrate for biogas production; however, complex chemical structure and being heterogeneous obstruct its biotransformation in anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Thermal pre-treatment of OFMSW has been suggested to enhance the solubilization and improve the anaerobic digestibility of OFMSW. This paper critically and comprehensively reviews the characterization of OFMSW (physical, chemical, bromatological) and enlightens the valuable properties of OFMSW for waste valorization. In following sections, the advantages and limitations of AD of OFMSW are discussed, followed by the application of temperature phased AD, and various thermal pre-treatments, i.e., conventional thermal, microwave, and thermo-chemical for high rate bioenergy transformation. Effects of pre-treatment on COD, proteins, sugars and VS solubilization, and biogas yield are discussed. Formation of recalcitrant during thermal pre-treatment and the effect on anaerobic digestibility are considered. Full scale application, and techno-economic and environmental feasibility of thermal pre-treatment methods are also revealed. This review concluded that thermophilic (55 °C) and temperature phased anaerobic digestion, temperature phased anaerobic digestion, TPAD (55 + 37 °C) processes shows effective and stable performance at low HRTs and high OLRs and achieved higher methane yield than mesophilic digestion. The thermal pre-treatment at a lower temperature (120 °C) improves the net energy yield. However, high-temperature pre-treatment (>150 °C) result in decreased biogas yield and even lower than the non-pre-treated OFMSW, although a high degree of COD solubilization. The OFMSW solubilization in terms of COD, proteins, and sugars cannot accurately reflect thermal/hybrid pre-treatments' potential. Thus, substrate pre-treatment followed by anaerobic digestibility of pretreated substrate together can evaluate the actual effectiveness of thermal pre-treatment of OFMSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsha Ahmed
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
| | - Kaoutar Aboudi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Institute of Vitivinicultural and Agri-food Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Azmat Naseem
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Carlos José Álvarez-Gallego
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Institute of Vitivinicultural and Agri-food Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Luis Alberto Fernández-Güelfo
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - A A Kazmi
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Luis Isidoro Romero-García
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Institute of Vitivinicultural and Agri-food Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
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30
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Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Sheep Manure and Waste from a Potato Processing Factory: Techno-Economic Analysis. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion of sheep manure and potato waste was studied under batch and semi-continuous conditions. Biochemical methane potential tests were carried out for the different substrates before evaluating co-digestion at high-solid content. The reactors presented stable performance under mesophilic conditions, at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 3.5–4.0 kg VS/m3 and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of approximately 20 days. Increasing the OLR of semi-continuous reactors decreased the methane yield and degradation efficiency of the digestion. Methane-specific production was in the range of 196 and 467 mL CH4/g vs. (sheep manure system and co-digestion, respectively). Based on the experimental data obtained, a techno-economic study was performed for wet and solid-state fermentation systems, with the first configuration presenting better results. The economic feasibility of the hypothetical plant was analyzed considering the variability in electricity and compost selling prices. The economic feasibility of the plant was determined with an electricity selling price of EUR 0.25/kWh, and assuming a centralized plant serving several farmers. Still, this price was considered excessive, given the current electricity market values.
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31
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Isha A, D' Silva TC, Subbarao PMV, Chandra R, Vijay VK. Stabilization of anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes using protein-rich additives: Study of process performance, kinetic modelling and energy balance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125331. [PMID: 34120065 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of acidic kitchen waste (KW) streams is found to be unstable and leads to poor overall efficiency. This study assessed the effect of pongamia de-oiled cake addition on KW-AD. High acidic KW (pH: 2.00-5.00), medium acidic KW (pH: 5.00-7.00) and low alkaline KW (pH: 7.00-8.00) fed into digesters I, II and III at 10% total solids (TS) achieved biogas yields of 177.82 ± 19.30, 216.57 ± 7.42 and 280.45 ± 2.55 L/kg VS. d, respectively. Maximum synergistic effect of pongamia de-oiled cake was observed in digester I with increased methane production of 46.04% and volatile solids reduction of 11.18%. The principal component analysis and kinetic evaluation revealed that pongamia de-oiled cake addition had a positive effect on the AD parameters in all digesters. With energy efficiencies exceeded 96% in all the digesters, the study proposes the addition of protein-rich additives for KW-AD stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adya Isha
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
| | - Tinku Casper D' Silva
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
| | - Paruchuri M V Subbarao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
| | - Ram Chandra
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India.
| | - Virendra Kumar Vijay
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
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32
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Zhu A, Qin Y, Wu J, Ye M, Li YY. Characterization of biogas production and microbial community in thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and paper waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125371. [PMID: 34126356 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To recover the biogas from sewage sludge and paper waste (PW), the methanogenic performance of thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge with PW was assessed by a continuous experiment. The effects on the biogas production and microbial community were investigated by changing the PW ratio from 0 to 66.7%. The optimal performance was obtained at the ratio of sewage sludge: PW = 4:6 (total solids), where the COD removal efficiency and biogas production increased from 58.34±5.90% to 72.92±0.08% and 438±53 to 594±72 mL/g-VSadded, respectively. By investigating the trend of carbohydrate and protein degradation rates, the competition between carbohydrate and protein degradation was quantified. The critical PW addition ratio was about (63.64%), where the protein degradation rate decreased to zero with increasing PW addition. Meanwhile, the microbial analysis showed that cellulolytic bacteria outcompeted proteolytic bacteria and to be the predominant group after PW addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Zhu
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu Qin
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jing Wu
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Min Ye
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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33
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Maeda T, Sabidi S, Sanchez-Torres V, Hoshiko Y, Toya S. Engineering anaerobic digestion via optimizing microbial community: effects of bactericidal agents, quorum sensing inhibitors, and inorganic materials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7607-7618. [PMID: 34542684 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge (SS) is one of the effective ways to reduce the waste generated from human life activities. To date, there are many reports to improve or repress methane production during the anaerobic digestion of SS. In the anaerobic digestion process, many microorganisms work positively or negatively, and as a result of their microbe-to-microbe interaction and regulation, methane production increases or decreases. In other words, understanding the complex control mechanism among the microorganisms and identifying the strains that are key to increase or decrease methane production are important for promoting the advanced production of bioenergy and beneficial compounds. In this mini-review, the literature on methane production in anaerobic digestion has been summarized based on the results of antibiotic addition, quorum sensing control, and inorganic substance addition. By optimizing the activity of microbial groups in SS, methane or acetate can be highly produced. KEY POINTS: • Bactericidal agents such as an antibiotic alter microbial community for enhanced CH4 production. • Bacterial interaction via quorum sensing is one of the key points for biofilm and methane production. • Anaerobic digestion can be altered in the presence of several inorganic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinari Maeda
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan.
| | - Sarah Sabidi
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Viviana Sanchez-Torres
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, A.A. 678, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Yuki Hoshiko
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Shotaro Toya
- Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
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34
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Boutoute A, Di Miceli Raimondi N, Guilet R, Cabassud M, Amodeo C, Benbelkacem H, Buffiere P, Teixeira Franco R, Hattou S. Development of a Sensitivity Analysis method to highlight key parameters of a dry Anaerobic Digestion reactor model. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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López I, Benzo M, Passeggi M, Borzacconi L. A simple kinetic model applied to anaerobic digestion of cow manure. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3451-3462. [PMID: 32072868 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1732473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A simple model of anaerobic degradation in a continuous stirred digester is presented. The hydrolysis of cow manure was modelled as consisting of two fractions, one rapidly degradable and the other more slowly degradable, and both processes were represented by first-order kinetics in a two-substrate first-order (TSFO) model. The fractions were separated by water flushing. Biomethane potential (BMP) tests were performed to determine the hydrolysis constant and biodegradability of each fraction. The hydrolysis constants of the rapidly and slowly degradable fractions were 0.278 and 0.069 d-1, respectively. Coupled with a simple anaerobic digestion model, the TSFO model was used to simulate the digester behaviour and predict methane production. Experiments in a 3.0 L digester were used to determine the decay constant and yield values and to validate the model. Two solid loads (2.9 and 4.4 gVS/L.d) were applied to the digester, and the dynamics of both biodegradable fractions, the non-biodegradable fraction and the microorganism concentration were reproduced by the model. These results approximate the actual biodegradable solids removal to within 85%. A parametric sensitivity study was performed, and the results show that the hydrolysis constant mainly influences the biodegradable fractions and that the decay and yield parameters mainly influence the microorganism concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván López
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Martín Benzo
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mauricio Passeggi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Liliana Borzacconi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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36
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Liu Y, Li X, Wu S, Tan Z, Yang C. Enhancing anaerobic digestion process with addition of conductive materials. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130449. [PMID: 34126684 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is widely used for the treatment of wastewater for its low costs and bioenergy production, but the performances of anaerobic digestion often need improving in practical applications. The addition of conductive materials could lead to direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) among the anaerobic microorganisms, and consequently enhance the efficiencies of anaerobic digestion. In this paper, the effects of DIET via conductive materials on chemical organic demand (COD) removal, volatile fatty acid (VFA) consumption and methane production were reviewed. The reports on the increase of conductive microorganisms due to the addition of conductive materials were discussed. Results regarding activities of microorganisms and morphology and properties of sludge were described and commented, and future research needs were also proposed which included better understanding of the roles of DIET in each step of anaerobic digestion, mechanisms of metabolism of pollutants in DIET-established systems and inhibition of excessive dosage of conductive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, China.
| | - Zhao Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Chunping Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Organic Pollution Control of Urban Water and Wastewater, Changsha, Hunan, 410001, China.
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37
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Experimental investigation and mathematical modelling of batch and semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of cellulose at high concentrations and long residence times. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn the context of the anaerobic digestion of slowly biodegradable substrates for energy and chemicals production, this study investigated the anaerobic digestion of cellulose without any chemical pre-treatments using open (undefined) mixed microbial cultures. The anaerobic conversion of cellulose was investigated in extended-length (run length in the range 518–734 days) batch and semi-continuous runs (residence time 20–80 days), at high cellulose concentration (20–40 g L−1), at temperatures of 25 and 35 °C. The maximum cellulose removal was 77% in batch (after 412 days) and 60% (at 80 days residence time) in semi-continuous experiments. In semi-continuous experiments, cellulose removal increased as the residence time increased however the cellulose removal rate showed a maximum (0.17 g L−1 day−1) at residence time 40–60 days. Both cellulose removal and removal rate decreased when cellulose concentration in the feed was increased from 20 to 40 g L−1. Liquid-phase products (ethanol and short chain organic acids) were only observed under transient conditions but not at the steady state of semi-continuous runs. Most of the observed results were well described by a mathematical model which included cellulose hydrolysis and growth on the produced glucose. The model provided insight into the physical phenomena behind the observed results.
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38
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Guo H, Oosterkamp MJ, Tonin F, Hendriks A, Nair R, van Lier JB, de Kreuk M. Reconsidering hydrolysis kinetics for anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge applying cascade reactors with ultra-short residence times. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117398. [PMID: 34252865 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysis is considered to be the rate-limiting step in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS). In this study, an innovative 4 stages cascade anaerobic digestion system was researched to (1) comprehensively clarify whether cascading configuration enhances WAS hydrolysis, and to (2) better understand the governing hydrolysis kinetics in this system. The cascade system consisted of three 2.2 L ultra-short solids retention times (SRT) continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) and one 15.4 L CSTR. The cascade system was compared with a reference conventional CSTR digester (22 L) in terms of process performance, hydrolytic enzyme activities and microbial community dynamics under mesophilic conditions (35 °C). The results showed that the cascade system achieved a high and stable total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD) reduction efficiency of 40-42%, even at 12 days total SRT that corresponded to only 1.2 days SRT each in the first three reactors of the cascade. The reference-CSTR converted only 31% tCOD into biogas and suffered process deterioration at the applied low SRTs. Calculated specific hydrolysis rates in the first reactors of the cascade system were significantly higher compared to the reference-CSTR, especially at the lowest applied SRTs. The activities of several hydrolytic enzymes produced in the different stages revealed that protease, cellulase, amino peptidases, and most of the tested glycosyl-hydrolases had significantly higher activities in the first three small digesters of the cascade system, compared to the reference-CSTR. This increase in hydrolytic enzyme production by far exceeded the increase in specific hydrolysis rate, indicating that hydrolysis was limited by solids-surface availability for enzymatic attack. Correspondingly, high relative abundances of hydrolytic-fermentative bacteria and hydrogenotrophic methanogens as well as the presence of syntrophic bacteria were found in the first three digesters of the cascade system. However, in the fourth reactor, acetoclastic methanogens dominated, similarly as in the reference-CSTR. Overall, the results concluded that using multiple CSTRs that are operated at low SRTs in a cascade mode of operation significantly improved the enzymatic hydrolysis rate and extend in anaerobic WAS digestion. Moreover, the governing hydrolysis kinetics in the cascading reactors were far more complex than the generally assumed simplified first-order kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiao Guo
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Margreet J Oosterkamp
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Fabio Tonin
- Group Biocatalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hendriks
- Royal HaskoningDHV, Laan 1914 No. 35, 3818 EX Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Revathy Nair
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jules B van Lier
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Merle de Kreuk
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
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Zhao Q, Arhin SG, Yang Z, Liu H, Li Z, Anwar N, Papadakis VG, Liu G, Wang W. pH regulation of the first phase could enhance the energy recovery from two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:1370-1380. [PMID: 33528855 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of pH regulation in phase I on hydrolysis and acidogenesis rate, metabolites production, microbial community, and the overall energy recovery efficiency during two-phase anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste (FW) was investigated. pH strongly affected the acidogenesis rate and the yield of the fermentation products. The highest acidogenesis efficiency (60.4%) and total volatile fatty acids (VFA)/ethanol concentration (12.4 g/L) were obtained at pH 8 during phase I. Microbial community analysis revealed that Clostridium IV was enriched at pH 8, relating to the accumulation of butyrate. Also, Clostridium sensu stricto played a crucial role in hydrogen production and was abundant at pH 6, resulting in the highest hydrogen yield (212.2 ml/g VS). In phase II, the highest cumulative methane yield (412.6 ml/g VS) was obtained at pH 8. By considering the hydrogen and methane production stages, the highest energy yield (22.8 kJ/g VS, corresponding to a 76.4% recovery efficiency) was generated at pH 8, which indicates that pH 8 was optimal for energy recovery during two-phase AD of FW. Overall, the results demonstrated the possibility of increasing the energy recovery from FW by regulating the pH in the hydrolysis/acidogenesis phase based on the two-phase AD system. PRACTITIONER POINTS: pH 8 was suitable for hydrolysis, acidogenesis, and methanogenesis. High hydrogen yields were obtained at pH 5-8 (about 200 ml/d). Clostridium sensu stricto might have played a crucial role in hydrogen production. High methane production (about 400 ml/g VS) was obtained at pH 7-9. pH 8 was optimal for energy recovery from FW with an efficiency of 76.4% (22.8 kJ/g VS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Samuel Gyebi Arhin
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Haopeng Liu
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zongye Li
- Beijing No. 80 High School, Beijing, China
| | - Naveed Anwar
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Vagelis G Papadakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Developing a model for estimating the activity of colonic microbes after intestinal surgeries. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253542. [PMID: 34319981 PMCID: PMC8318292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The large intestine provides a compensatory role in energy recovery when surgical interventions such as extensive small intestinal resections or bypass operations lower the efficiency of nutrient absorption in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. While microorganisms in the colon are known to play vital roles in recovering energy, their contributions remain to be qualified and quantified in the small intestine resection. Objective We develop a mathematical model that links nutrient absorption in the upper and lower GI tract in two steps. Methods First, we describe the effects of small intestine resection on the ileocecal output (ICO), which enters the colon and provides food for microbes. Second, we describe energy recovered by the colon’s microorganisms via short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. We obtain model parameters by performing a least-squares regression analysis on clinical data for subjects with normal physiology and those who had undergone small intestine resection. Results For subjects with their intestines intact, our model provided a metabolizable energy value that aligns well with the traditional Atwater coefficients. With removal of the small intestine, physiological absorption became less efficient, and the metabolizable energy decreased. In parallel, the inefficiencies in physiological absorption by the small intestine are partly compensated by production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) from proteins and carbohydrates by microorganisms in the colon. The colon recovered more than half of the gross energy intake when the entire small intestine was removed. Meanwhile, the quality of energy absorbed changed, because microbe-derived SCFAs, not the original components of food, become the dominant form of absorbed energy. Conclusion The mathematical model developed here provides an important framework for describing the effect of clinical interventions on the colon’s microorganisms.
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Chen Z, Rao Y, Usman M, Chen H, Białowiec A, Zhang S, Luo G. Anaerobic fermentation of hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater of dewatered sewage sludge for volatile fatty acids production with focuses on the degradation of organic components and microbial community compositions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:146077. [PMID: 33684756 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal conversion (HTC) is a promising technology for the treatment of dewatered sewage sludge to produce bio-fuels including bio-oil and hydrochar. At the same time, a huge amount of wastewater (HTCWW) was produced. The present study investigated the organic compositions of HTCWW obtained at different HTC temperatures (170-320 °C) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) yields through anaerobic fermentation. Results showed that the highest VFAs yield of 0.59 gCODVFA/gCOD was obtained from HTCWW obtained at 170 °C (HTCWW 170). Higher amount of easily biodegradable organics including proteins and carbohydrates were present in HTCWW 170 °C, which resulted in the highest VFAs yields. With the increase of HTC temperature, recalcitrant organic compounds were produced as revealed by 3D-EEM and GC-MS analysis, which resulted in lower VFAs yields. Furthermore, microbial analysis showed that different compositions in the HTCWW led to the enrichment of different microbial communities, which affected the VFAs yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yue Rao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis MO 63130, United States
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Huihui Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Andrzej Białowiec
- Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw 51-630, Poland
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Dalby FR, Hafner SD, Petersen SO, VanderZaag AC, Habtewold J, Dunfield K, Chantigny MH, Sommer SG. Understanding methane emission from stored animal manure: A review to guide model development. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2021; 50:817-835. [PMID: 34021608 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
National inventories of methane (CH4 ) emission from manure management are based on guidelines from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change using country-specific emission factors. These calculations must be simple and, consequently, the effects of management practices and environmental conditions are only crudely represented in the calculations. The intention of this review is to develop a detailed understanding necessary for developing accurate models for calculating CH4 emission from liquid manure, with particular focus on the microbiological conversion of organic matter to CH4 . Themes discussed are (a) the liquid manure environment; (b) methane production processes from a modeling perspective; (c) development and adaptation of methanogenic communities; (d) mass and electron conservation; (e) steps limiting CH4 production; (f) inhibition of methanogens; (g) temperature effects on CH4 production; and (h) limits of existing estimation approaches. We conclude that a model must include calculation of microbial response to variations in manure temperature, substrate availability and age, and management system, because these variables substantially affect CH4 production. Methane production can be reduced by manipulating key variables through management procedures, and the effects may be taken into account by including a microbial component in the model. When developing new calculation procedures, it is important to include reasonably accurate algorithms of microbial adaptation. This review presents concepts for these calculations and ideas for how these may be carried out. A need for better quantification of hydrolysis kinetics is identified, and the importance of short- and long-term microbial adaptation is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik R Dalby
- Dep. of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus Univ., Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| | - Sasha D Hafner
- Dep. of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus Univ., Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
- Hafner Consulting LLC, Reston, VA, 20191, USA
| | | | - Andrew C VanderZaag
- Ottawa Research and Development Ctr., Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Jemaneh Habtewold
- Ottawa Research and Development Ctr., Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Kari Dunfield
- School of Environmental Science, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Martin H Chantigny
- Quebec Research and Development Ctr., Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Quebec, QC, G1V 2J3, Canada
| | - Sven G Sommer
- Dep. of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus Univ., Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
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Dalby FR, Hafner SD, Petersen SO, Vanderzaag A, Habtewold J, Dunfield K, Chantigny MH, Sommer SG. A mechanistic model of methane emission from animal slurry with a focus on microbial groups. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252881. [PMID: 34111183 PMCID: PMC8191904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid manure (slurry) from livestock releases methane (CH4) that contributes significantly to global warming. Existing models for slurry CH4 production-used for mitigation and inventories-include effects of organic matter loading, temperature, and retention time but cannot predict important effects of management, or adequately capture essential temperature-driven dynamics. Here we present a new model that includes multiple methanogenic groups whose relative abundance shifts in response to changes in temperature or other environmental conditions. By default, the temperature responses of five groups correspond to those of four methanogenic species and one uncultured methanogen, although any number of groups could be defined. We argue that this simple mechanistic approach is able to describe both short- and long-term responses to temperature where other existing approaches fall short. The model is available in the open-source R package ABM (https://github.com/sashahafner/ABM) as a single flexible function that can include effects of slurry management (e.g., removal frequency and treatment methods) and changes in environmental conditions over time. Model simulations suggest that the reduction of CH4 emission by frequent emptying of slurry pits is due to washout of active methanogens. Application of the model to represent a full-scale slurry storage tank showed it can reproduce important trends, including a delayed response to temperature changes. However, the magnitude of predicted emission is uncertain, primarily as a result of sensitivity to the hydrolysis rate constant, due to a wide range in reported values. Results indicated that with additional work-particularly on the magnitude of hydrolysis rate-the model could be a tool for estimation of CH4 emissions for inventories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik R. Dalby
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail: (SDH); (FRD); (SGS)
| | - Sasha D. Hafner
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Hafner Consulting LLC, Reston, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SDH); (FRD); (SGS)
| | | | - Andrew Vanderzaag
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jemaneh Habtewold
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kari Dunfield
- School of Environmental Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Martin H. Chantigny
- Quebec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sven G. Sommer
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail: (SDH); (FRD); (SGS)
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Shi Y, Huang K, Pan X, Liu G, Cai Y, Zaidi AA, Zhang K. Substrate degradation, biodiesel production, and microbial community of two electro-fermentation systems on treating oleaginous microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 329:124932. [PMID: 33713901 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electro-fermentation system (EFS) emerges its effectiveness on treating microalgae for biodiesel production, but much is unknown about biodegradation behaviors, biodiesel characteristics, and microbial community. Compared with conventional fermentation system (CFS), microbial electrolysis cell-based EFS (MEC-EFS) and microbial fuel cell-based EFS (MFC-EFS) were investigated for the performance while treating microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. Results indicated that MEC-EFS presented much higher first-order decomposition rate coefficients of carbohydrates and proteins (1.212/d and 0.951/d) than those of CFS (0.615/d and 0.794/d) and MFC-EFS (0.518/d and 0.415/d). Compared with MFC-EFS, MEC-EFS showed better electrochemical performance (2.17 A/m3vs. 0.95 A/m3). Moreover, MEC-EFS reached the highest extracted lipid to biomass ratio (43.3%), followed by MFC-EFS (32.3%) and CFS (27.7%). By strengthened microbial biohydrogenation, MEC-EFS and MFC-EFS had higher saturated fatty acids ratio (78.8% and 70.6%) than that of CFS (56.1%). For MEC-EFS, enriched Ruminococcus and Geobacter in anodic biofilm might contribute to favorable biohydrogenation and electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Kaiguo Huang
- College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xinxiang Pan
- Maritime College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong, China; Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Guobing Liu
- College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuhang Cai
- College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Asad A Zaidi
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Pakistan Navy Engineering College, National University of Sciences and Technology, Karachi 75350, Pakistan
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
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Yin DM, Mahboubi A, Wainaina S, Qiao W, Taherzadeh MJ. The effect of mono- and multiple fermentation parameters on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from chicken manure via anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 330:124992. [PMID: 33744736 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although the high nitrogen content of chicken manure (CM) poses major challenges for methane production through anaerobic digestion, on the bright side, it has a great potential for production of value-added intermediate products, such as volatile fatty acids (VFAs). However, in order to enhance VFAs yield, methane formation should be substantially suppressed. In the current research, individual and multiple effects of initial pH, heat-shock pretreatment, chemical methanogens inhibitor and the inoculum to substrate ratio (ISR) on optimization VFAs fermentation from CM were evaluated via batch assays. In this regard, the highest net VFAs yield, 0.53 g-VFA/g-VS, was achieved at conditions with heat-shocked inoculum and CM at ISR 1:6 and pH uncontrolled. Acetate dominated the VFAs mixture, accounting for up to 75% of total. Increased inoculum content enhanced the bioconversion efficiency to 78% at ISR 1:3. The study results suggest that alkalinity is a key promoter of VFAs production from CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Yin
- Biomass Engineering Center, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
| | - Amir Mahboubi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden.
| | - Steven Wainaina
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
| | - Wei Qiao
- Biomass Engineering Center, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; State R&D Centre for Efficient Production and Comprehensive Utilization of Biobased Gaseous Fuels, Energy Authority, National Development, and Reform Committee (BGFuels), Beijing 100083, China
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Kulikova NA, Perminova IV. Interactions between Humic Substances and Microorganisms and Their Implications for Nature-like Bioremediation Technologies. Molecules 2021; 26:2706. [PMID: 34063010 PMCID: PMC8124324 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The state of the art of the reported data on interactions between microorganisms and HSs is presented herein. The properties of HSs are discussed in terms of microbial utilization, degradation, and transformation. The data on biologically active individual compounds found in HSs are summarized. Bacteria of the phylum Proteobacteria and fungi of the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were found to be the main HS degraders, while Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were found to be the predominant phyla in humic-reducing microorganisms (HRMs). Some promising aspects of interactions between microorganisms and HSs are discussed as a feasible basis for nature-like biotechnologies, including the production of enzymes capable of catalyzing the oxidative binding of organic pollutants to HSs, while electron shuttling through the utilization of HSs by HRMs as electron shuttles may be used for the enhancement of organic pollutant biodegradation or lowering bioavailability of some metals. Utilization of HSs by HRMs as terminal electron acceptors may suppress electron transfer to CO2, reducing the formation of CH4 in temporarily anoxic systems. The data reported so far are mostly related to the use of HSs as redox compounds. HSs are capable of altering the composition of the microbial community, and there are environmental conditions that determine the efficiency of HSs. To facilitate the development of HS-based technologies, complex studies addressing these factors are in demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A. Kulikova
- Department of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-12, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Leninskiy 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V. Perminova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Dagnew M, Parker W. Impact of AnMBR operating conditions on anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:703-713. [PMID: 32441047 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The impact of solids retention time (SRT) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on anaerobic digestion of thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) in a pilot-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was compared with that achieved in conventional anaerobic digestions (CD). The AnMBR was able to successfully digest municipal TWAS at HRTs ranging from 7 to 15 days and SRTs ranging from 15 to 30 days. Increasing SRT in the AnMBR resulted in a significant improvement in COD and VS removal efficiency when compared against CD operating at the same HRT. The VS and COD destructions (35%-50%) observed in the AnMBR were similar to those observed in CD operating at the same SRT but longer HRTs. Operation at elevated ratios of SRT/HRT resulted in the production of a thickened biosolid (2%-3% TS). Specific methane production values for AnMBR operating at HRT-SRT ratios of 15-30, 7-30, and 7-15 were 0.19, 0.19, and 0.14 m3 CH4 /kg of COD fed, respectively, showing a 25% increase in methane production with SRT. A model based upon describing hydrolysis of biodegradable solids using first-order kinetics was able to describe VS destruction as a function of SRT. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The AnMBR process was able to successfully digest waste activated sludge at a shorter seven-day HRTs Operation at elevated ratios of SRT/HRT resulted in enhanced biogas and thickened biosolid (2%-3% TS) production requiring reduced downstream processing The AnMBR process produces a particle-free permeate that might be suitable for side stream nutrient recovery A model developed by considering hydrolysis as a limiting process can be used to determine design SRTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Dagnew
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Wayne Parker
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Hunter SM, Blanco E, Borrion A. Expanding the anaerobic digestion map: A review of intermediates in the digestion of food waste. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144265. [PMID: 33422959 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a promising technology as a renewable source of energy products, but these products have low economic value and process control is challenging. Identifying intermediates formed throughout the process could enhance understanding and offer opportunities for improved monitoring, control, and valorisation. In this review, intermediates present in the anaerobic digestion process are identified and discussed, including the following: volatile fatty acids, carboxylic acid, amino acids, furans, terpenes and phytochemicals. The key limitations associated with exploiting these intermediates are also addressed including challenging mixed cultures of microbiology, complex feedstocks, and difficult extraction and separation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Hunter
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, UK
| | - Edgar Blanco
- Anaero Technology Limited, Cowley Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aiduan Borrion
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, UK.
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Borker SS, Thakur A, Kumar S, Kumari S, Kumar R, Kumar S. Comparative genomics and physiological investigation supported safety, cold adaptation, efficient hydrolytic and plant growth-promoting potential of psychrotrophic Glutamicibacter arilaitensis LJH19, isolated from night-soil compost. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:307. [PMID: 33910515 PMCID: PMC8082909 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Night-soil compost (NSC) has traditionally been conserving water and a source of organic manure in northwestern Himalaya. Lately, this traditional method is declining due to modernization, its unhygienic conditions, and social apprehensions. Reduction in the age-old traditional practice has led to excessive chemical fertilizers and water shortage in the eco-sensitive region. In the current study, a bacterium has been analyzed for its safety, cold-adaptation, efficient degradation, and plant growth-promoting (PGP) attributes for its possible application as a safe bioinoculant in psychrotrophic bacterial consortia for improved night-soil composting. RESULTS Glutamicibacter arilaitensis LJH19, a psychrotrophic bacterium, was isolated from the NSC of Lahaul valley in northwestern Himalaya. The strain exhibited amylase (186.76 ± 19.28 U/mg), cellulase (21.85 ± 0.7 U/mg), and xylanase (11.31 ± 0.51 U/mg) activities at 10 °C. Possessing efficient hydrolytic activities at low-temperature garners the capability of efficient composting to LJH19. Additionally, the strain possessed multiple PGP traits such as indole acetic acid production (166.11 ± 5.7 μg/ml), siderophore production (85.72 ± 1.06% psu), and phosphate solubilization (44.76 ± 1.5 μg/ml). Enhanced germination index and germination rate of pea seeds under the LJH19 inoculation further supported the bacterium's PGP potential. Whole-genome sequencing (3,602,821 bps) and genome mining endorsed the cold adaptation, degradation of polysaccharides, and PGP traits of LJH19. Biosynthetic gene clusters for type III polyketide synthase (PKS), terpene, and siderophore supplemented the endorsement of LJH19 as a potential PGP bacterium. Comparative genomics within the genus revealed 217 unique genes specific to hydrolytic and PGP activity. CONCLUSION The physiological and genomic evidence promotes LJH19 as a potentially safe bio-inoculant to formulate psychrotrophic bacterial consortia for accelerated degradation and improved night-soil compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Sinai Borker
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Aman Thakur
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Sanjeet Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
| | - Sareeka Kumari
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
| | - Rakshak Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
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Giménez-Lorang A, Vázquez-Padín JR, Dorado-Barragán C, Sánchez-Santos G, Vila-Armadas S, Flotats-Ripoll X. Treatment of the Supernatant of Anaerobically Digested Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste in a Demo-Scale Mesophilic External Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:642747. [PMID: 33912547 PMCID: PMC8072359 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.642747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional aerobic biological treatments of digested organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) slurries-usually conventional activated sludge or aerobic membrane bioreactor (AeMBR)-are inefficient in terms of energy and economically costly because of the high aeration requirements and the high amount of produced sludge. In this study, the supernatant obtained after the anaerobic digestion of OFMSW was treated in a mesophilic demo-scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) at cross flow velocities (CFVs) between 1 and 3.5 m⋅s-1. The aim was to determine the process performance of the system with an external ultrafiltration unit, in terms of organic matter removal and sludge filterability. In previous anaerobic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) tests, without ultrafiltration, specific gas production between 40 and 83 NL CH4⋅kg-1 chemical oxygen demand (COD) fed and removals in the range of 10-20% total COD (tCOD) or 59-77% soluble COD (sCOD) were obtained, for organic loading rates (OLR) between 1.7 and 4.4 kg COD⋅m-3 reactor d-1. Data helped to identify a simplified model with the aim of understanding and expressing the process performance. Methane content in biogas was in the range of 74-77% v:v. In the AnMBR configuration, the COD removal has been in the ranges of 15.6-38.5 and 61.3-70.4% for total and sCOD, respectively, with a positive correlation between solids retention time (SRT, ranging from 7.3 to 24.3 days) and tCOD removal. The constant used in the model expressing inhibition, attributable to the high nitrogen content (3.6 ± 1.0 g N-NH4 +⋅L-1), indicated that this inhibition decreased when SRT increased, explaining values measured for volatile fatty acids concentration, which decreased when SRT increased and OLR, measured per unit of volatile suspended solids in the reactor, decreased. The alkalinity was high enough to allow a stable process throughout the experiments. Constant CFV operation resulted in excessive fouling and sudden trans-membrane pressure (TMP) increases. Nevertheless, an ultrafiltration regime based on alternation of CFV (20 min with a certain CFVi and then 5 min at CFVi + 1 m⋅s-1) allowed the membranes to filter at a flux (standardized at 20°C temperature) ranging from 2.8 to 7.3 L⋅m-2⋅h-1, over 331 days of operation, even at very high suspended solids concentrations (>30 g total suspended solids⋅L-1) in the reactor sludge. This flux range confirms that fouling is the main issue that can limit the spread of AnMBR potential for the studied stream. No clear correlation was found between CFV or SRT vs. fouling rate, in terms of either TMP⋅time-1 or permeability⋅time-1. As part of the demo-scale study, other operational limitations were observed: irreversible fouling, scaling (in the form of struvite deposition), ragging, and sludging. Because ragging and sludging were also observed in the existing AeMBR, it can be stated that both are attributable to the stream and to the difficulty of removing existing fibers. All the mentioned phenomena could have contributed to the high data dispersion of experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gloria Sánchez-Santos
- Direction of Prevention and Management Services of Área Metropolitana de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Vila-Armadas
- Direction of Prevention and Management Services of Área Metropolitana de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Flotats-Ripoll
- GIRO Joint Research Unit IRTA-UPC, Department of Agrifood Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya UPC-BarcelonaTECH, Barcelona, Spain
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