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Li S, Zhou Y, Wang J, Dou M, Zhang Q, Huo K, Han C, Shi J. Sewage sludge pyrolysis 'kills two birds with one stone': Biochar synergies with persulfate for pollutants removal and energy recovery. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142824. [PMID: 38996980 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The disposal and resource utilization of sewage sludge (SS) have always been significant challenges for environmental protection. This study employed straightforward pyrolysis to prepare iron-containing sludge biochar (SBC) used as a catalyst and to recover bio-oil used as fuel energy. The results indicated that SBC-700 could effectively activate persulfate (PS) to remove 97.2% of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) within 60 min. Benefiting from the appropriate iron content, oxygen-containing functional groups and defective structures provide abundant active sites. Meanwhile, SBC-700 exhibits good stability and reusability in cyclic tests and can be easily recovered by magnetic separation. The role of non-radicals is emphasized in the SBC-700/PS system, and in particular, single linear oxygen (1O2) is proposed to be the dominant reactive oxygen. The bio-oil, a byproduct of pyrolysis, exhibits a higher heating value (HHV) of about 30 MJ/kg, with H/C and O/C ratios comparable to those of biodiesel. The energy recovery rate of the SS pyrolysis system was calculated at 80.5% with a lower input cost. In conclusion, this investigation offers a low-energy consumption and sustainable strategy for the resource utilization of SS while simultaneously degrading contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoya Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yanmei Zhou
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100044, China; The Center of National Railway Intelligent Transportation System Engineering and Technology, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Mengmeng Dou
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qingyun Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Kaili Huo
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Chao Han
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jinyang Shi
- School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100044, China
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Yang T, Xiao Y, Zhao X, Li D, Ma Z, Li W, Gong T, Zhang T, Huang N, Xi B. Transformation pathways of the carbon-containing group compounds during municipal sludge pyrolysis treatment. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 178:26-34. [PMID: 38377766 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Municipal sludge contains abundant amounts of carbon, with contents ranging from 14 % to 38 %. The various carbon-containing group compounds can be converted into beneficial products, but pollutants and greenhouse gases are also released through the municipal sludge pyrolysis process. Ascertaining the pathways by which carbon-containing group compounds is converted and transformed is crucial for addressing pollution concerns and promoting recycling. This study explored the transformation pathways of carbon-containing group compounds during the pyrolysis process of municipal sludge. The results showed that the three major carbon-containing group compounds including protein (61 %), cellulose (9 %), and hemicellulose (7 %), had significantly different pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, 400 °C and 300 °C. In terms of gas pollution, most carbon was fully pyrolyzed into CO2. While the temperature raised up to 500 °C, a part of the CO2 converted into CO. Meanwhile, the various carbon-containing compounds exhibited distinct effects on gas production, which CH4 was produced more with cellulose and protein presenting in the sludge. When temperature increased to 700 °C, the 60 % of the carbon-containing group compounds were transformed into liquid and solid. The pyrolysis liquid in the low-temperature stage (30-300 °C) contained a relatively high aliphatics content and lower organooxygen species (OOSs) content (at 200 °C), suggesting a potential for resource utilization. The yield of CO in the gas rapidly increased as the temperature increased in the high-temperature stage (500-700 °C). The insights from this study hold practical implications for enhancing municipal sludge pyrolysis efficiency, reducing pollution, and facilitating more sustainable and resource-efficient practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710000, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Dongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Zhifei Ma
- School of Resources Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China
| | - Wenxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Tiancheng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Nannan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
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Yatoo AM, Hamid B, Sheikh TA, Ali S, Bhat SA, Ramola S, Ali MN, Baba ZA, Kumar S. Global perspective of municipal solid waste and landfill leachate: generation, composition, eco-toxicity, and sustainable management strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:23363-23392. [PMID: 38443532 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Globally, more than 2 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW) are generated each year, with that amount anticipated to reach around 3.5 billion tonnes by 2050. On a worldwide scale, food and green waste contribute the major proportion of MSW, which accounts for 44% of global waste, followed by recycling waste (38%), which includes plastic, glass, cardboard, and paper, and 18% of other materials. Population growth, urbanization, and industrial expansion are the principal drivers of the ever-increasing production of MSW across the world. Among the different practices employed for the management of waste, landfill disposal has been the most popular and easiest method across the world. Waste management practices differ significantly depending on the income level. In high-income nations, only 2% of waste is dumped, whereas in low-income nations, approximately 93% of waste is burned or dumped. However, the unscientific disposal of waste in landfills causes the generation of gases, heat, and leachate and results in a variety of ecotoxicological problems, including global warming, water pollution, fire hazards, and health effects that are hazardous to both the environment and public health. Therefore, sustainable management of MSW and landfill leachate is critical, necessitating the use of more advanced techniques to lessen waste production and maximize recycling to assure environmental sustainability. The present review provides an updated overview of the global perspective of municipal waste generation, composition, landfill heat and leachate formation, and ecotoxicological effects, and also discusses integrated-waste management approaches for the sustainable management of municipal waste and landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohd Yatoo
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Basharat Hamid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tahir Ahmad Sheikh
- Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Wadura, 193201, India
| | - Shafat Ali
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- River Basin Research Centre, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
- Waste Re-Processing Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Sudipta Ramola
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Md Niamat Ali
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Baba
- Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Wadura, 193201, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Waste Re-Processing Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
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Ronda A, Haro P, Gómez-Barea A. Sustainability assessment of alternative waste-to-energy technologies for the management of sewage sludge. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 159:52-62. [PMID: 36738586 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The management of sewage sludge still represents a challenge in the EU sustainability plan for biowaste. Although there are consolidated alternatives for the valorization of sewage sludge (incineration, pyrolysis and gasification), technical issues related to heavy metals and other pollutants are not sufficiently understood considering the whole waste-to-energy process. In addition, societal-economic and environmental aspects are usually not included in the evaluation of these conversion technologies. In this study, we propose an integrated assessment from a sustainability perspective to evaluate the valorization of sewage sludge by thermal conversion, comparing different alternatives based on existing Waste-to-energy (WtE) technologies. The results provide an insightful vision on the challenges to manage the sewage sludge disposal and to transform the obtained waste into new raw materials with added value. In addition, the evaluation of the WtE alternatives shows that they face important challenges preventing their application, being the gasification the best performing technology according to the sustainability assessment. Finally, a decentralized scheme based on sewage sludge gasification is further evaluated using real data from wastewater treatment plants in Andalusia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Ronda
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n., Seville 41092, Spain.
| | - Pedro Haro
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n., Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Alberto Gómez-Barea
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n., Seville 41092, Spain
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5
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Zhou A, Wang X, Yu S, Deng S, Tan H, Mikulčić H. Process design and optimization on self-sustaining pyrolysis and carbonization of municipal sewage sludge. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 159:125-133. [PMID: 36753855 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis can realize the reduction and resource utilization of municipal sewage sludge (MSS). In this paper, a self-sustaining pyrolysis process is designed for municipal sewage sludge, and the process flow is simulated by Aspen plus software. By changing the initial moisture content of sludge, moisture content after drying, pyrolysis temperature and air supply in the incinerator, the possibility of achieving energy self-balance in the system is analysed. The simulation results show that by adjusting the parameters of the system, this process can realize the energy self-balance of sludge drying and pyrolysis treatment. Considering the system's energy loss, the dry basis calorific value of sludge should not be less than 10 MJ/kg. The higher the initial moisture content of sludge, the more external energy input the system needs. It is recommended to dehydrate sludge mechanically to about 60 % before entering the system. When the pyrolysis temperature is increased, the amount of oil and gas produced by sludge pyrolysis increases, and it is easier to achieve self-balance of system energy. But the higher the pyrolysis temperature, the greater the energy consumption required. In practice, it is suggested that the pyrolysis temperature is about 400 °C. The moisture content of dried sludge has little effect on the energy self-balance of the system, and it is recommended to be about 30 %. The air supply volume of the incinerator mainly affects the flue gas outlet temperature and flue gas volume, but has little effect on the energy balance of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Xuebin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Shilin Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Shuanghui Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Houzhang Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Hrvoje Mikulčić
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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Characteristics of Solidified Carbon Dioxide and Perspectives for Its Sustainable Application in Sewage Sludge Management. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032324. [PMID: 36768646 PMCID: PMC9916872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Appropriate management is necessary to mitigate the environmental impacts of wastewater sludge. One lesser-known technology concerns the use of solidified CO2 for dewatering, sanitization, and digestion improvement. Solidified CO2 is a normal byproduct of natural gas treatment processes and can also be produced by dedicated biogas upgrading technologies. The way solidified CO2 is sourced is fully in line with the principles of the circular economy and carbon dioxide mitigation. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge on the production and application of solid CO2 in the pretreatment and management of sewage sludge. Using solidified CO2 for sludge conditioning causes effective lysis of microbial cells, which destroys activated sludge flocs, promotes biomass fragmentation, facilitates efficient dispersion of molecular associations, modifies cell morphology, and denatures macromolecules. Solidified CO2 can be used as an attractive tool to sanitize and dewater sludge and as a pretreatment technology to improve methane digestion and fermentative hydrogen production. Furthermore, it can also be incorporated into a closed CO2 cycle of biogas production-biogas upgrading-solidified CO2 production-sludge disintegration-digestion-biogas production. This feature not only bolsters the technology's capacity to improve the performance and cost-effectiveness of digestion processes, but can also help reduce atmospheric CO2 emissions, a crucial advantage in terms of environment protection. This new approach to solidified CO2 generation and application largely counteracts previous limitations, which are mainly related to the low cost-effectiveness of the production process.
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Gerasimov GY, Khaskhachikh VV, Sychev GA, Larina OM, Zaichenko VM. Study of a Two-Stage Pyrolytic Conversion of Dried Sewage Sludge into Synthesis Gas. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793122060045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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8
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Zhang Y, Zhou C, Deng Z, Li X, Liu Y, Qu J, Li X, Wang L, Dai J, Fu J, Zhang C, Yu M, Yu H. Influence of corn straw on distribution and migration of nitrogen and heavy metals during microwave-assisted pyrolysis of municipal sewage sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152303. [PMID: 34896502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study explored pyrolysis characteristics, nitrogen transformation and migration of heavy metals during microwave-assisted pyrolysis of municipal sewage sludge in a continuously operated auger pyrolyser at different temperatures and corn straw ratios. The results showed higher temperatures and more corn straw resulted in more gas yield (e.g., CO2, CO, CH4 and H2) and less char yield. 5 wt% corn straw addition at 750 °C achieved high-quality bio-oil with less O-containing compounds, which was more favorable for upgrading to transportation fuels. Sludge chars prepared at higher corn straw ratios had lower ratios of H/C and N/C, and higher carbon content. Nitrogen transformation pathways and mechanisms were investigated. The residual ratio of heavy metals (except Cd) in sludge char was 67.74-100%. However, the residual ratio of Cd decreased significantly to 6.46% at 750 °C. Concentrations of all heavy metals in sludge char conformed to national standard (CJ/T 362-2011, China), and the potential ecological risk was slight. Sludge chars prepared in the presence of corn straw had lower ecological risk and higher retention capacity of heavy metals (e.g., Pb, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Ni) compared with pyrolysis of sewage sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chunbao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zeyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xueguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Junshen Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiangtong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianjun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Changfa Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mengyan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hejie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Hoang SA, Bolan N, Madhubashani AMP, Vithanage M, Perera V, Wijesekara H, Wang H, Srivastava P, Kirkham MB, Mickan BS, Rinklebe J, Siddique KHM. Treatment processes to eliminate potential environmental hazards and restore agronomic value of sewage sludge: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118564. [PMID: 34838711 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Land application of sewage sludge is increasingly used as an alternative to landfilling and incineration owing to a considerable content of carbon and essential plant nutrients in sewage sludge. However, the presence of chemical and biological contaminants in sewage sludge poses potential dangers; therefore, sewage sludge must be suitably treated before being applied to soils. The most common methods include anaerobic digestion, aerobic composting, lime stabilization, incineration, and pyrolysis. These methods aim at stabilizing sewage sludge, to eliminate its potential environmental pollution and restore its agronomic value. To achieve best results on land, a comprehensive understanding of the transformation of organic matter, nutrients, and contaminants during these sewage-sludge treatments is essential; however, this information is still lacking. This review aims to fill this knowledge gap by presenting various approaches to treat sewage sludge, transformation processes of some major nutrients and pollutants during treatment, and potential impacts on soils. Despite these treatments, overtime there are still some potential risks of land application of treated sewage sludge. Potentially toxic substances remain the main concern regarding the reuse of treated sewage sludge on land. Therefore, further treatment may be applied, and long-term field studies are warranted, to prevent possible adverse effects of treated sewage sludge on the ecosystem and human health and enable its land application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son A Hoang
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Division of Urban Infrastructural Engineering, Mientrung University of Civil Engineering, Phu Yen, 56000, Viet Nam
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.
| | - A M P Madhubashani
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka; Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Vishma Perera
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University, Belihuloya, Sri Lanka
| | - Hasintha Wijesekara
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University, Belihuloya, Sri Lanka
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Prashant Srivastava
- CSIRO, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Land and Water, PMB 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Bede S Mickan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Institute of Soil Engineering, Waste- and Water Science, Faculty of Architecture und Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
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10
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Wang B, Xu X, Cao X, Liu Y. Pyrolysis of predried dyeing sludge: Weight loss characteristics, surface morphology, functional groups and kinetic analysis. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Guangzhou Shincci Energy Equipment Co. Ltd Guangzhou China
| | - Xiu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Yinhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
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11
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Ghodke PK, Sharma AK, Pandey JK, Chen WH, Patel A, Ashokkumar V. Pyrolysis of sewage sludge for sustainable biofuels and value-added biochar production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113450. [PMID: 34388542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study deals with the pyrolysis of sewage sludge to produce eco-friendly and sustainable fuels along with value-added biochar products. The experiments were conducted in a fixed-bed cylindrical glass reactor in the temperature range of 250-700 °C and achieved the product yield of 22.4 wt% bio-oil, 18.9 wt % pyrolysis gases, and 58.7 wt% biochar at 500 °C optimum temperature. The chemical composition of bio-oil was investigated by gas chromatograph-mass spectroscopy and fourier transformation infrared techniques. The ASTM standard procedures were used to assess the fuel qualities of bio-oil, and they were found to be satisfactory. Bio-oil has a greater H/C ratio (3.49) and a lower O/C ratio (1.10), indicating that it is suitable for engine use. The gas chromatographic analysis of pyrolysis gases confirmed the presence of 41.16 wt % combustible gases, making it suitable for use in spark-ignition engines. X-ray fluorescence analysis of biochar showed that it had a good amount of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium along with some micro-and macro-nutrient which proves its potential to utilize as organic manure in the agriculture sector. In addition, the data obtained from the TGA analysis during the pyrolysis of sewage sludge was applied to calculate kinetic parameters via the Coats-Redfern method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Ghodke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Amit Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Alternate and Renewable Energy Research, R&D, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), School of Engineering, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - J K Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Adamas University, Kolkata, 700 126, India
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, 411, Taiwan
| | - Alok Patel
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Veeramuthu Ashokkumar
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
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12
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Fedorov AV, Dubinin YV, Yeletsky PM, Fedorov IA, Shelest SN, Yakovlev VA. Combustion of sewage sludge in a fluidized bed of catalyst: ASPEN PLUS model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124196. [PMID: 33131942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the results of the simulation of a sewage sludge combustion plant with a productivity of 6 tons per hour using the ASPEN Plus. It is shown that catalytic combustion technology can be used for the efficient utilization of mechanically dehydrated sludge with the moisture of ~75% in autothermal mode (without the use of additional fuel). At the same time, the plant for utilization of 6.0 tons of sludge per hour enables us to obtain 3.07 MW of heat energy. It is shown that the sludge moisture and its calorific value significantly affect the combustion process. Thus, at the moisture of less than 72%, additional water supply is necessary to avoid overheating of the catalyst bed. In the case of an increase in sludge moisture of more than 76%, an additional supply of fuel (for example, brown coal) is required. Also, the article discusses the emissions of harmful substances generated during sewage sludge combustion and methods for their utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Fedorov
- Federal Research Center Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Lavrentieva str., 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.
| | - Yu V Dubinin
- Federal Research Center Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Lavrentieva str., 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - P M Yeletsky
- Federal Research Center Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Lavrentieva str., 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.
| | - I A Fedorov
- SPKB "Energy" Ltd, Planirovochnaya str. 18/1, Novosibirsk 630032, Russian Federation
| | - S N Shelest
- "OmskVodokanal" Ltd, Mayakovsky str., 2, Omsk 644042, Russian Federation
| | - V A Yakovlev
- Federal Research Center Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Lavrentieva str., 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
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13
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Zhang Z, Ju R, Zhou H, Chen H. Migration characteristics of heavy metals during sludge pyrolysis. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 120:25-32. [PMID: 33279824 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study was conducted to investigate the pyrolysis characteristics of municipal sludge, and the activation energy of sludge pyrolysis was determined using the Model-free method. The detailed migration characteristics of heavy metals in the pyrolysis products were also investigated at different pyrolysis temperatures (250-850 °C). The results demonstrate that sludge pyrolysis is a multi-step process; the activation energy of pyrolysis increased with the pyrolysis conversion rate, and the average activation energy was calculated as 79.59 kJ mol-1. As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the char yield decreased, the tar yield increased then decreased, and the gas yield increased. At 850 °C, the thermal volatilities of heavy metals followed the sequence Cu < Cr < Ni < Mn < Pb < As < Zn < Cd = Hg. In addition, Cu, Cr, and Ni were seldom involved in migration during pyrolysis while As, Cd, and Hg readily migrated even at low pyrolysis temperatures. The results provide a theoretical basis for sludge pyrolysis technologies and heavy metals migration control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- School of Energy and Architectural Environment Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467036, China.
| | - Rui Ju
- School of Energy and Architectural Environment Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467036, China.
| | - Hengtao Zhou
- School of Energy and Architectural Environment Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467036, China.
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China
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14
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Liu Y, Ran C, Siyal AA, Song Y, Jiang Z, Dai J, Chtaeva P, Fu J, Ao W, Deng Z, Zhang T. Comparative study for fluidized bed pyrolysis of textile dyeing sludge and municipal sewage sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122619. [PMID: 32361128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A comparative research was performed to evaluate the products yields and chars properties for pyrolysis of textile dyeing sludge (TDS) and municipal sewage sludge (MSS). The high fixed carbon (19.36 wt%) and low volatile (23.66 wt%) contents of TDS resulted in higher char yields and lower condensate yields. TDS char (TC) had a higher sulfur (S) retention efficiency than MSS char (MC) and CaO exhibited a great S retention effect in MC. More alkali and alkaline earth metals (e.g. Na, K, Mg and Ca) in MSS contributed to enhanced catalytic pyrolysis. In comparison to non-catalytic pyrolysis, chars from catalytic pyrolysis had lower iodine number and higher methylene blue (MB) adsorption value. MB adsorption values of MC (212.28-414.20 mg/g) were much higher than those of TC (84.32-156.07 mg/g). In contrast, heavy metals risk degrees of MC (4.20-7.56) were lower than those of TC (7.55-12.87), and heavy metals in TC and MC showed slight risks to environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chunmei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Asif Ali Siyal
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongmeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianjun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Polina Chtaeva
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenya Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zeyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Djandja OS, Wang ZC, Wang F, Xu YP, Duan PG. Pyrolysis of Municipal Sewage Sludge for Biofuel Production: A Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oraléou Sangué Djandja
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28, West Xianning Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Cong Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28, West Xianning Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, No. 2001, Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ping Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, No. 2001, Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Gao Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28, West Xianning Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
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