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Wu Y, Zhang Z, Qi X, Hu W, Si S. Prediction of flood sensitivity based on Logistic Regression, eXtreme Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest modeling methods. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:2605-2624. [PMID: 38822603 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Floods are one of the most destructive disasters that cause loss of life and property worldwide every year. In this study, the aim was to find the best-performing model in flood sensitivity assessment and analyze key characteristic factors, the spatial pattern of flood sensitivity was evaluated using three machine learning (ML) models: Logistic Regression (LR), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Random Forest (RF). Suqian City in Jiangsu Province was selected as the study area, and a random sample dataset of historical flood points was constructed. Fifteen different meteorological, hydrological, and geographical spatial variables were considered in the flood sensitivity assessment, 12 variables were selected based on the multi-collinearity study. Among the results of comparing the selected ML models, the RF method had the highest AUC value, accuracy, and comprehensive evaluation effect, and is a reliable and effective flood risk assessment model. As the main output of this study, the flood sensitivity map is divided into five categories, ranging from very low to very high sensitivity. Using the RF model (i.e., the highest accuracy of the model), the high-risk area covers about 44% of the study area, mainly concentrated in the central, eastern, and southern parts of the old city area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, No. 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Beijing Climate Change Response Research and Education Center, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China E-mail:
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, No. 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wenhan Hu
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, No. 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Shuai Si
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, No. 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Beijing 100044, China
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Do Nascimento J, Palos Ladeiro M, Bonnard I, Gantzer C, Boudaud N, Lopes C, Geffard A. Assessing viral freshwater hazard using a toxicokinetic model and Dreissena polymorpha. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123420. [PMID: 38272165 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The detection all pathogenic enteric viruses in water is expensive, time-consuming, and limited by numerous technical difficulties. Consequently, using reliable indicators such as F-specific RNA phages (FRNAPH) can be well adapted to assess the risk of viral contamination of fecal origin in surface waters. However, the variability of results inherent to the water matrix makes it difficult to use them routinely and to interpret viral risk. Spatial and temporal variability of surface waters can lead to underestimate this risk, in particular in the case of low loading. The use of bivalve mollusks as accumulating systems appears as a promising alternative, as recently highlighted with the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha, but its capacity to accumulate and depurate FRNAPH needs to be better understood and described. The purpose of this study is to characterise the kinetics of accumulation and elimination of infectious FRNAPH by D. polymorpha in laboratory conditions, formalised by a toxico-kinetic (TK) mechanistic model. Accumulation and depuration experiments were performed at a laboratory scale to determine the relationship between the concentration of infectious FRNAPH in water and the concentration accumulated by D. polymorpha. The mussels accumulated infectious FRNAPH (3-5.4 × 104 PFU/g) in a fast and concentration-dependent way in only 48 h, as already recently demonstrated. The second exposure demonstrated that the kinetics of infectious FRNAPH depuration by D. polymorpha was independent to the exposure dose, with a T90 (time required to depurate 90 % of the accumulated concentration) of approximately 6 days. These results highlight the capacities of D. polymorpha to detect and reflect the viral pollution in an integrative way and over time, which is not possible with point water sampling. Different TK models were fitted based on the concentrations measured in the digestive tissues (DT) of D. polymorpha. The model has been developed to formalise the kinetics of phage accumulation in mussels tissues through the simultaneous estimation of accumulation and depuration rates. This model showed that accumulation depended on the exposure concentration, while depuration did not. Standardized D. polymorpha could be easily transplanted to the environment to predict viral concentrations using the TK model defined in the present study to predict the level of contamination of bodies of water on the basis of the level of phages accumulated by the organisms. It will be also provide a better understanding of the dynamics of the virus in continental waters at different time and spatial scales, and thereby contribute to the protection of freshwater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Do Nascimento
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France
| | - Mélissa Palos Ladeiro
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France
| | - Isabelle Bonnard
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France
| | - Christophe Gantzer
- LCPME UMR 7564, Université de Lorraine - CNRS, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, 54600, Villers-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Christelle Lopes
- Université de Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, 69622, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims cedex 2, France.
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Li Y, Su Z, Dai T, Zheng Y, Chen W, Zhao Y, Wen D. Moderate anthropogenic disturbance stimulates versatile microbial taxa contributing to denitrification and aromatic compound degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117106. [PMID: 37699472 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) effluent often contains a significant amount of residual organic pollutants and nutrients, causing disturbance to the coastal effluent receiving areas (ERA). Microbial communities in coastal ERA sediments may benefit from the coexistence of organic pollutants and nutrients, promoting the emergence of versatile taxa that are capable of eliminating these substances simultaneously. However, the identification and exploration of versatile taxa in natural environments under anthropogenic disturbances remain largely uncharted territory. In this study, we specifically focused on the versatile taxa coupled by the degradation of aromatic compounds (ACs) and denitrification, using Hangzhou Bay in China as our study area. We explored how WWTPs effluent disturbance would affect the versatile taxa, and particularly examined the role of disturbance intensity in shaping their composition. Intriguingly, we found that versatile taxa were mainly derived from denitrifiers like Pseudomonas, suggesting the fulfilled potential of denitrifiers regarding ACs degradation. We also discovered that moderate disturbance stimulated the diversity of versatile taxa, resulting in strengthened functional redundancy. Through correlation network analysis, we further demonstrated that moderate disturbance enhanced the community-level cooperation. Thus, moderate disturbance serves as a catalyst for versatile taxa to maintain community function, making them more resilient to effluent disturbances. Additionally, we identified COD and NO3--N concentrations as significant environmental factors influencing the versatile taxa. Overall, our findings reveal the role of effluent disturbances in the promotion of versatile taxa, and highlight moderate disturbance can foster more robust versatile taxa that are better equipped to handle effluent disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunong Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianjiao Dai
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuhan Zheng
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Donghui Wen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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He J, Zhang L, Xiao T, Wang H, Luo H. Deep learning enables super-resolution hydrodynamic flooding process modeling under spatiotemporally varying rainstorms. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 239:120057. [PMID: 37167855 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Real-time information on flooding extent, severity, and duration is necessary for effective metropolitan flood emergency management. Existing pluvial flood analysis methods are unable to simulate real-time regional flooding processes under spatiotemporally varying rainstorms. This paper presents a deep learning-enabled super-resolution hydrodynamic flood analysis method to simulate the real-time pluvial flooding process over a large area under spatiotemporally varying rainstorms. Compared with existing flood downscaling techniques, which are limited to flow depth, the proposed method produces high-resolution flow depth and velocity predictions, providing more comprehensive information for flood emergency management. The proposed method adopts a coarse-grid hydrodynamic model to generate a low-resolution flood map time series, which is subsequently converted to high-resolution flood maps by a deep learning model. The deep learning model can be trained using a limited number of assumed rainfall scenarios, which greatly reduces data preparation effort. The proposed method is applied to a complex terrain of 352 km2 in Hong Kong that covers both mountainous and urban areas. Results show that the proposed method simulates the spatiotemporal variations of flood depth and velocity with root mean square errors as low as 0.082 m and 0.088 m/s, respectively, and correlation coefficients of 0.962 and 0.921, respectively. The computation time for a 48-h rainfall event in the study area is less than 30 s, which is 2690 times faster than the direct fine-grid hydrodynamic analysis. The deep learning-enabled super-resolution hydrodynamic flood analysis method provides a promising computational tool for emergency flood risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
| | - Limin Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Te Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
| | - Haojie Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
| | - Hongyu Luo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong
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Singh S, Pitchers R, Hassard F. Coliphages as viral indicators of sanitary significance for drinking water. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:941532. [PMID: 35958148 PMCID: PMC9362991 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.941532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coliphages are virus that infect coliform bacteria and are used in aquatic systems for risk assessment for human enteric viruses. This mini-review appraises the types and sources of coliphage and their fate and behavior in source waters and engineered drinking water treatment systems. Somatic (cell wall infection) and F+ (male specific) coliphages are abundant in drinking water sources and are used as indicators of fecal contamination. Coliphage abundances do not consistently correlate to human enteric virus abundance, but they suitably reflect the risks of exposure to human enteric viruses. Coliphages have highly variable surface characteristics with respect to morphology, size, charge, isoelectric point, and hydrophobicity which together interact to govern partitioning and removal characteristics during water treatment. The groups somatic and F+ coliphages are valuable for investigating the virus elimination during water treatment steps and as indicators for viral water quality assessment. Strain level analyses (e.g., Qβ or GA-like) provide more information about specific sources of viral pollution but are impractical for routine monitoring. Consistent links between rapid online monitoring tools (e.g., turbidity, particle counters, and flow cytometry) and phages in drinking water have yet to be established but are recommended as a future area of research activity. This could enable the real-time monitoring of virus and improve the process understanding during transient operational events. Exciting future prospects for the use of coliphages in aquatic microbiology are also discussed based on current scientific evidence and practical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suniti Singh
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Francis Hassard
- Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedford, United Kingdom
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Sagrillo C, Changey F, Bellanger X. Bacteriophages vehiculate a high amount of antibiotic resistance determinants of bacterial origin in the Orne River ecosystem. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:4317-4328. [PMID: 35672875 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aquatic environments are important dissemination routes of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from and to pathogenic bacteria. Nevertheless, in these complex matrices, identifying and characterizing the driving microbial actors and ARG dissemination mechanisms they are involved in remain difficult. We here explored the distribution/compartmentalization of a panel of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in bacteria and bacteriophages collected in the water, suspended material and surface sediments from the Orne River ecosystem (France). By using a new bacteriophage DNA extraction method, we showed that, when packaging bacterial DNA, bacteriophages rather encapsidate both ARGs and MGEs than 16S rRNA genes, i.e. chromosomal fragments. We also show that the bacteria and bacteriophage capsid contents in ARGs/MGEs were similarly influenced by seasonality but that the distribution of ARGs/MGEs between the river physical compartments (water vs. suspended mater vs. sediment) is more impacted when these markers were carried by bacteria. These demonstrations will likely modify our understanding of the formation and fate of transducing viral particles in the environment. Consequently, they will also likely modify our estimations of the relative frequencies of the different horizontal gene transfer mechanisms in disseminating antibiotic resistance by reinforcing the roles played by environmental bacteriophages and transduction.
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Hata A, Shirasaka Y, Ihara M, Yamashita N, Tanaka H. Spatial and temporal distributions of enteric viruses and indicators in a lake receiving municipal wastewater treatment plant discharge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146607. [PMID: 33773350 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although lake water can be used as a source of drinking water and recreational activities, there is a dearth of research on the occurrence and fate of enteric viruses. Over a period of 14 months at six points in 2014-2015, we conducted monthly monitoring of the virological water quality of a Japanese lake. The lake receives effluent from three surrounding wastewater treatment plants and retains water for about two weeks. These features allowed us to investigate the occurrence and fate of viruses in the lake environment. Human enteric viruses such as noroviruses and their indicators (pepper mild mottle virus and F-specific RNA bacteriophage [FRNAPH] genogroups) were quantified by PCR-based assays. Additionally, FRNAPH genogroups were quantified by infectivity-based assays to estimate the degree of virus inactivation. Pepper mild mottle virus, genogroup II (GII) norovirus, and GI-FRNAPH were identified in relatively high frequencies (positive in >40% out of 64 samples), with concentrations ranging from 1.3 × 101 to 2.9 × 104 copies/L. Human enteric viruses and some indicators were not detected and less prevalent, respectively, after April 2015. Principal component analysis revealed that the virological water quality changed gradually over time, but its differences between the sampling points were not apparent. FRNAPH genogroups were inactivated during the warm season (averaged water temperature of >20 °C) compared to the cool season (averaged water temperature of <20 °C), which may have been due to the more severe environmental stresses such as sunlight and water temperature. This suggests that the infection risk associated with the use of the lake water may have been overestimated by the gene quantification assay during the warm season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Hata
- Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
| | - Yuya Shirasaka
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Masaru Ihara
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yamashita
- Course of Rural Engineering, Department of Science and Technology for Biological Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan
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Ding F, Liu Y, Wang L, Liu H, Ji C, Zhang L, Wu D. Analysis of the palladium response relationship of a receiving water body under multiple scenario changes in rainfall-runoff pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:26684-26696. [PMID: 33495951 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Urban rainfall-runoff pollution is one of the main reasons for the deterioration of the receiving water quality. In this study, the lower reaches of the Meishe River on Hainan Island, China were adopted as the research area, and palladium (Pd) was selected as the target pollutant. The purpose of this study was to construct an input response model and to examine the Pd response relationship of receiving water bodies under multiple scenario changes of rainfall-runoff pollution combined with scenario analysis methods. The results showed that the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) and relative mean square error (RMSE) of the input response model were within 15%, which demonstrated the reliability of the model when applied to the simulation of the response of Pd in receiving water bodies to rainfall runoff. The dissolved Pd concentration in the receiving water body decreased in the following order: the moderate rain scenario > rainstorm scenario > the heavy rain scenario. The suspended Pd concentration in the receiving water body first increased and then decreased, and its decay rate was closely related to rainfall intensity and duration. Under the heavy rain and rainstorm scenarios, within 20 m downstream from the outfall, the occurrence time of the maximum suspended Pd concentration in the receiving water body was inversely proportional to the distance. The number of previous clear days was inversely proportional to the dissolved Pd concentration in the receiving water body and proportional to the suspended Pd concentration in the receiving water body. Under the short period of previous clear day scenario, the maximum suspended Pd concentration in each section of the receiving water body appeared earlier than that under the moderate and long periods of previous clear day scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Ding
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Haofeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Caiye Ji
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Analysis and Testing Center, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
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Yang S, Liang M, Qin Z, Qian Y, Li M, Cao Y. A novel assessment considering spatial and temporal variations of water quality to identify pollution sources in urban rivers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8714. [PMID: 33888742 PMCID: PMC8062557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87671-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It’s vital to explore critical indicators when identifying potential pollution sources of urban rivers. However, the variations of urban river water qualities following temporal and spatial disturbances were highly local-dependent, further complicating the understanding of pollution emission laws. In order to understand the successional trajectory of water qualities of urban rivers and the underlying mechanisms controlling these dynamics at local scale, we collected daily monitoring data for 17 physical and chemical parameters from seven on-line monitoring stations in Nanfeihe River, Anhui, China, during the year 2018. The water quality at tributaries were similar, while that at main river was much different. A seasonal ‘’turning-back” pattern was observed in the water quality, which changed significantly from spring to summer but finally changed back in winter. This result was possibly regulated by seasonally-changed dissolved oxygen and water temperature. Linear mixed models showed that the site 2, with the highest loads of pollution, contributed the highest (β = 0.316, P < 0.001) to the main river City Water Quality Index (CWQI) index, but site 5, the geographically nearest site to main river monitoring station, did not show significant effect. In contrast, site 5 but not site 2 contributed the highest (β = 0.379, P < 0.001) to the main river water quality. Therefore, CWQI index was a better index than water quality to identify potential pollution sources with heavy loads of pollutants, despite temporal and spatial disturbances at local scales. These results highlight the role of aeration in water quality controlling of urban rivers, and emphasized the necessity to select proper index to accurately trace the latent pollution sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihang Yang
- Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Manchun Liang
- Institute of Public Safety Research, Department of Engineering Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of City Integrated Emergency Response Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zesheng Qin
- Environmental Safety Business Division, Beijing GSafety Technology, Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yiwu Qian
- Hefei Institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, Hefei, China
| | - Mei Li
- Hefei Institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Hefei Institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, Hefei, China
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Ding F, Liu Y, Wang Z, Ji C, Wu D, Wang L, Fu B, Zhang L, Liu H. Response of palladium in receiving water bodies to rainfall-runoff. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10027-10038. [PMID: 33164127 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Palladium (Pd) is widely used in automotive catalytic converters to reduce toxic gas emissions. The input of Pd in the rainfall-runoff is an important contributing factor to the accumulation of Pd in receiving water bodies. In this study, the Meishe River in Haikou, Hainan Province, China, was used as the research area, and palladium (Pd) was selected as the target pollutant. This study explored the response of Pd in the receiving water body to rainfall-runoff and to analyze the influencing factors. The results showed that the dissolved Pd concentration in the receiving water body had a corresponding relationship with that in rainfall-runoff. The response of suspended Pd in the receiving water body to rainfall-runoff was closely related to the location of the drainage outlet. Compared with that of suspended Pd, the response of dissolved Pd in the receiving water body to that in the rainfall-runoff was more obvious. Seven meters downstream from the outfall was the most sensitive response distance of dissolved Pd in receiving water bodies to rainfall-runoff, and the response time was approximately 0-10 min. The suspended Pd at 3 m downstream from the outfall also had a certain response to the rainfall-runoff, and the response time was approximately 15-25 min. The response time of the suspended Pd in the receiving water body depended largely on the first flush ability of the runoff. There was a moderately positive correlation between the dissolved Pd and Cl- in the receiving water body (r = 0.687; p < 0.05). The effects of pH, Eh, and total suspended solids (TSS) on suspended Pd were reduced in the response process of the receiving water body. The synergistic effect of multiple factors increased the uncertainty of the Pd response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Ding
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China.
| | - Zucheng Wang
- College of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun City, 130000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Caiye Ji
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
| | - Dan Wu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
| | - Bo Fu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Analysis and Testing Center, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Haofeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, Hainan, China
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Yang B, Li W, Wang J, Tian Z, Cheng X, Zhang Y, Qiu R, Hou S, Guo H. Estimation of the potential spread risk of COVID-19: Occurrence assessment along the Yangtze, Han, and Fu River basins in Hubei, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 746:141353. [PMID: 32763612 PMCID: PMC7388013 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Given that the novel coronavirus was detected in stool and urine from diagnosed patients, the potential risk of its transmission through the water environment might not be ignored. In the current study, to investigate the spread possibility of COVID-19 via the environmental media, three typical rivers (Yangtze, Han, and Fu River) and watershed cities in Hubei province of China were selected, and a more comprehensive risk assessment analysis method was built with a risk index proposed. Results showed that the risk index in the Yangtze River Basin is about 10-12, compared to 10-10 and 10-8 in the Han and Fu River Basins, and the risk index is gradually reduced from Wuhan city to the surrounding cities. The safety radius and safety time period for the Yangtze, Han, and Fu River are 8 km/14 h, 20 km/30 h and 36 km/36 h, respectively. The linear relationship between the risk potential calculated by the QMRA model and the multiple linear regression proved that the built index model is statistically significant. By comparing the theoretical removal rates for the novel coronavirus, our study proposed an effective method to estimate the potential spread risk of COVID-19 in the typical river basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wei Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jingquan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zixin Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Yongli Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Rui Qiu
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shuhua Hou
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hongguang Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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12
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Lian H, Yen H, Huang JC, Feng Q, Qin L, Bashir MA, Wu S, Zhu AX, Luo J, Di H, Lei Q, Liu H. CN-China: Revised runoff curve number by using rainfall-runoff events data in China. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 177:115767. [PMID: 32283435 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The curve number (CN) method developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in 1954 is the most common adopted method to estimate surface runoff. For years, applicability of the CN method is a conundrum when implementing to other countries. Specifically, countries with more complex natural environment may require more dedicated adjustments. Therefore, the current CN look-up table provided by USDA might not be appropriate and could be questionable to be applied directly to regions elsewhere. Some studies have been conducted to modify CN values according to specified natural characteristics in scattered regions of mainland China. However, an integral and representative work is still not available to address potential concerns in general matters. In this study, a large set of rainfall-runoff monitoring data were collected to adjust CN values in 55 study sites across China. The results showed that the revised CN values are largely different from CN look-up table provided by USDA, which would lead to huge errors in runoff estimation. In this study, the revised CN (dubbed CN-China) provides better reference guidelines that are suitable for most natural conditions in China. In addition, scientists and engineers from other parts of the world can take advantage of the proposed work to enhance the quality of future programs related to surface runoff estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huishu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Haw Yen
- Blackland Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M Agrilife Research, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Jr-Chuan Huang
- Department of Geography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Qingyu Feng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Lihuan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Muhammad Amjad Bashir
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Shuxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - A-Xing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210023, China; Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jiafa Luo
- AgResearch Limited, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
| | - Hongjie Di
- Centre for Soil and Environmental Research, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Christchurch, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Qiuliang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China.
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China.
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Yu M, Liu S, Li G, Zhang H, Xi B, Tian Z, Zhang Y, He X. Municipal wastewater effluent influences dissolved organic matter quality and microbial community composition in an urbanized stream. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135952. [PMID: 31837860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent poses serious threats to the receiving aqueous ecosystems and their microbial communities. However, the correlation between effluent-derived DOM and microbial community diversity in urbanized rivers is still poorly understood. In this study, the response relationship between the microbial community dynamics and the DOM evolution process in the effluent-dominated Xiaohe River was revealed. The results showed that macromolecular humic acids were the main components of DOM in this river with more carboxylic acid groups and humic-like acid substances found upstream and protein-like substances dominated downstream. The bacterial abundance in the upstream section of Xiaohe River was low, while its community structure was unstable but exhibited good uniformity, and the bacterial diversity in the downstream was rich. The response of bacterial and eukaryotic communities to WWTP effluent was weak, while that of Actinobacteria to WWTP effluent was more prominent. Furthermore, different microbial communities were affected by different compositions and structure of DOM in the effluent of WWTP. The protein-like components in DOM had the most profound impact on the microbial community, followed by polysaccharides and components rich in hydroxyl and amino functional groups. The study grasped the migration and evolution of DOM in rivers with unconventional water recharge, and revealed their diverse effects on microbial community in urbanized rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minda Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zaifeng Tian
- Hebei Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Shijiazhuang 050030, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050030, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Beijing 100012, China.
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14
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Chen L, Zhang X, Zhi X, Dai Y, Zhang P, Xiao Y, Shen Z. Tracking faecal microorganisms using the qPCR method in a typical urban catchment in China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:158. [PMID: 32016573 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Faecal microorganisms represent a key threat to human health. Potential origins of faecal microbial contamination in a typical urban-representative micro-scale were evaluated. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method was used in this study. The Bacteroidetes is selected as the indicative microorganism in runoff samples that are collected during four representative stormwater events in north China. The principal component analysis (PCA) method indicated the distribution feature of the environmental factors. The largest contributor is dog, followed by bird and human to the faecal pollution in stormwater runoff. The output of human and dog faecal pollutants in response to the first flush effect of nonpoint source pollution while the transmit time of bird faecal pollutant is relatively longer. In addition, the number of antecedent drying days represents the key factor for dog faecal pollution, while human faecal pollution is impacted by more factors. The results of this study will provide sound evidence for the tracking and management of nonpoint source faecal pollution in urban catchment areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosha Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
- Satellite Environment Centre, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuechen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Ballesté E, Pascual-Benito M, Martín-Díaz J, Blanch AR, Lucena F, Muniesa M, Jofre J, García-Aljaro C. Dynamics of crAssphage as a human source tracking marker in potentially faecally polluted environments. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 155:233-244. [PMID: 30851594 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that crAssphage is abundant in human faecal samples worldwide. It has thus been postulated as a potential microbial source tracking (MST) marker to detect human faecal pollution in water. However, an effective implementation of crAssphage in water management strategies will depend on an understanding of its environmental dynamics. In this work, the abundance and temporal distribution of crAssphage was analysed in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants using different sewage treatments, and in two rivers (water and sediments) that differ in pollution impact and flow regime. Additionally, the influence of environmental conditions (temperature and rainfall) on the removal of the marker was studied along a river section, and natural inactivation was assessed by a mesocosms approach. Molecular and culture-based tools were used to compare crAssphage abundance and dynamics with those of bacteria and bacteriophages currently applied as global indicators (E. coli, somatic coliphages, Bacteroides GA17 bacteriophages, and the human-associated MST markers HF183 and HMBif). CrAssphage concentrations in sewage effluent and river samples were similar to those of HF183 and HMBif and higher than other general and/or culture-based indicators (by 2-3 orders of magnitude). Measurement of crAssphage abundance revealed no temporal variability in the effluent, although rainfall events affected the dynamics, possibly through the mobilisation of sediments, where the marker was detected in high concentrations, and an increase in diffuse and point pollution. Another factor affecting crAssphage inactivation was temperature. Its persistence was longer compared with other bacterial markers analysed by qPCR but lower than culturable markers. The results of this study support the use of crAssphage as a human source tracking marker of faecal pollution in water, since it has similar abundances to other molecular human MST markers, yet with a longer persistence in the environment. Nevertheless, its use in combination with infectious bacteriophages is probably advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ballesté
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Pascual-Benito
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Martín-Díaz
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A R Blanch
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Lucena
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Muniesa
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Jofre
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C García-Aljaro
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Fauvel B, Cauchie HM, Gantzer C, Ogorzaly L. Influence of physico-chemical characteristics of sediment on the in situ spatial distribution of F-specific RNA phages in the riverbed. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 95:5289377. [PMID: 30649274 PMCID: PMC6333113 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Riverbed sediment is commonly described as an enteric virus reservoir and thought to play an important role in water column contamination, especially during rainfall events. Although the occurrence and fate of faecal-derived viruses are fairly well characterized in water, little information is available on their presence as their interactions with sediment. This study aimed at determining the main environmental factors responsible for the presence of enteric viruses in riverbed sediment. Using a combination of microbiological and physico-chemical analyses of freshly field-sampled sediments, we demonstrated their contamination by faecal phages. The in situ spatial distribution of phages in sediment was mainly driven by sediment composition. A preferential phage accumulation occurred along one bank of the river, where the quantity of fine sands and clay particles smaller than 0.2 mm was the highest. Additionally, a mineralogical analysis revealed the influence of the heterogeneous presence of virus sorbents such as quartz, calcite, carbonates and iron-bearing phases (goethite) on the phage spatial pattern. A more precise knowledge of the composition of riverbed sediment is therefore useful for predicting preferential areas of enteric virus accumulation and should allow more accurate microbial risk assessment when using surface water for drinking water production or recreational activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Fauvel
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, LUXEMBOURG.,Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire de Chimie, Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 Rue Albert Lebrun BP 80403 54001 Nancy, FRANCE.,CNRS, LCPME, UMR 7564, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Henry-Michel Cauchie
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, LUXEMBOURG
| | - Christophe Gantzer
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire de Chimie, Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 Rue Albert Lebrun BP 80403 54001 Nancy, FRANCE.,CNRS, LCPME, UMR 7564, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Leslie Ogorzaly
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, LUXEMBOURG
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17
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Fang H, Vergara GGR, Goh SG, Ang CYL, Gu X, Gin KYH. Effect of Rainfall on the Microbial Water Quality of a Tropical Urban Catchment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2018; 47:1242-1248. [PMID: 30272782 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2018.03.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Wet weather conditions have been associated with increased bacterial and viral counts in surface waters. Moreover, heavy rainfall and flooding were found to be the most common events preceding waterborne disease outbreaks associated with extreme weather conditions. This study aimed to examine the effect of rainfall on the quality of surface waters and to determine its suitability for primary contact recreation during wet weather conditions. A total of 228 catchment water samples were collected during wet and dry periods. Parameters that were found to increase with increasing rainfall were , enterococci, somatic coliphages, and turbidity, whereas total dissolved solids were found to decrease. Positive correlations ( < 0.05) were observed between cumulative rainfall and geometric mean concentrations of , enterococci, somatic coliphages, and turbidity ( = 0.69-0.95), whereas a negative correlation was observed between cumulative rainfall and total dissolved solids ( = -0.58). In addition, a rapid decline in water quality was observed during heavy rainfall that resulted in failure to meet recreational water quality guidelines. In view of public health and safety, primary recreational activities in the water catchment may not be advisable during or immediately after a rainfall event due to poor water quality.
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18
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Martínez-Santos M, Lanzén A, Unda-Calvo J, Martín I, Garbisu C, Ruiz-Romera E. Treated and untreated wastewater effluents alter river sediment bacterial communities involved in nitrogen and sulphur cycling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:1051-1061. [PMID: 29758858 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Studying the dynamics of nitrogen and sulphur cycling bacteria in river surface sediments is essential to better understand their contribution to global biogeochemical cycles. Evaporitic rocks settled at the headwater of the Deba River catchment (northern Spain) lead to high values of sulphate concentration in its waters. Besides, the discharge of effluents from untreated and treated residual (urban and industrial) wastewaters increases the concentration of metals, nutrients and organic compounds in its mid- and low-water courses. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of anthropogenic contamination from untreated and treated residual and industrial wastewaters on the structure and function of bacterial communities present in surface sediments of the Deba River catchment. The application of a quantitative functional approach (qPCR) based on denitrification genes (nir: nirS+nirK; and nosZ), together with a 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding structural analysis, revealed (i) the high relevance of the sulphur cycle at headwater surface sediments (as reflected by the abundance of members of the Syntrophobacterales order, and the Sulfuricurvum and Thiobacillus genera) and (ii) the predominance of sulphide-driven autotrophic denitrification over heterotrophic denitrification. Incomplete heterotrophic denitrification appeared to be predominant in surface sediments strongly impacted by treated and untreated effluents, as reflected by the lower values of the nosZ/nir ratio, thus favouring N2O emissions. Understanding nitrogen and sulphur cycling pathways has profound implications for the management of river ecosystems, since this knowledge can help us determine whether a specific river is acting or not as a source of greenhouse gases (i.e., N2O).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Martínez-Santos
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, E-48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Anders Lanzén
- Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, P 812, Berreaga 1, E-48160 Derio, Spain; AZTI, Marine Research Division, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea z/g, E-20110 Pasaia, Basque Country, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jessica Unda-Calvo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, E-48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Iker Martín
- Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, P 812, Berreaga 1, E-48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Carlos Garbisu
- Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, P 812, Berreaga 1, E-48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Estilita Ruiz-Romera
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, E-48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
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Occurrence of Traditional and Alternative Fecal Indicators in Tropical Urban Environments under Different Land Use Patterns. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.00287-18. [PMID: 29776926 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00287-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the geospatial distribution of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) (i.e., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp.) and the alternative fecal indicator pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) in tropical freshwater environments under different land use patterns. Results show that the occurrence and concentration of microbial fecal indicators were higher for urban than for parkland-dominated areas, consistent with land use weightage. Significant positive correlations with traditional FIB indicate that PMMoV is a suitable indicator of fecal contamination in tropical catchments waters (0.549 ≤ rho ≤ 0.612; P < 0.01). PMMoV exhibited a strong significant correlation with land use weightage (rho = 0.728; P < 0.01) compared to traditional FIB (rho = 0.583; P < 0.01). In addition, chemical tracers were also added to evaluate the potential relationships with microbial fecal indicators. The relationships between diverse variables (e.g., environmental parameters, land use coverage, and chemical tracers) and the occurrence of FIB and PMMoV were evaluated. By using stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR), the empirical experimental models substantiate the impact of land use patterns and anthropogenic activities on microbial water quality, and the output results of the empirical models may be able to predict the sources and transportation of human fecal pollution or sewage contamination. In addition, the high correlation between PMMoV data obtained from quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and viral metagenomics data supports the possibility of using viral metagenomics to relatively quantify specific microbial indicators for monitoring microbial water quality (0.588 ≤ rho ≤ 0.879; P < 0.05).IMPORTANCE The results of this study may support the hypothesis of using PMMoV as an alternative indicator of human fecal contamination in tropical surface waters from the perspective of land use patterns. The predictive result of the occurrence of human fecal indicators with high accuracy may reflect the source and transportation of human fecal pollution, which are directly related to the risk to human health, and thereafter, steps can be taken to mitigate these risks.
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20
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Weisener C, Lee J, Chaganti SR, Reid T, Falk N, Drouillard K. Investigating sources and sinks of N 2O expression from freshwater microbial communities in urban watershed sediments. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:697-705. [PMID: 28934707 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) serve as point-source inputs for a variety of nutrients often dominated by nitrogenous compounds as a result of anthropogenic influence. These effluents can impact biogeochemical cycles in freshwater estuaries, influencing microbial communities in both the water and sediment compartments. To assess the impact of point source nutrients, a transect of sediment and pore water samples were collected from 4 locations in the Little River Sub-watershed including locations above and below the Little River Pollution Control Plant (LRPCP). Variation in chemistry and microbial community/gene expression revealed significant influences of the effluent discharge on the adjacent sediments. Phosphorus and sulfur showed high concentrations within plume sediments compared to the reference sediments while nitrate concentrations were low. Increased abundance of denitrifiers Dechloromonas, Dok59 and Thermomonas correlating with increased expression of nitrous-oxide reductase suggests a conversion of N2O to N2 within the LRPCP effluent sediments. This study provides valuable insight into the gene regulation of microbes involved in N metabolism (denitrification, nitrification, and nitrite reduction to ammonia) within the sediment compartment influenced by wastewater effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Weisener
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Jumin Lee
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada; Earth Science Department, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Subba Rao Chaganti
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Thomas Reid
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Nick Falk
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ken Drouillard
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
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Tang T, Stamm C, van Griensven A, Seuntjens P, Bronders J. Hysteresis and parent-metabolite analyses unravel characteristic pesticide transport mechanisms in a mixed land use catchment. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 124:663-672. [PMID: 28823903 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To properly estimate and manage pesticide occurrence in urban rivers, it is essential, but often highly challenging, to identify the key pesticide transport pathways in association to the main sources. This study examined the concentration-discharge hysteresis behaviour (hysteresis analysis) for three pesticides and the parent-metabolite concentration dynamics for two metabolites at sites with different levels of urban influence in a mixed land use catchment (25 km2) within the Swiss Greifensee area, aiming to identify the dominant pesticide transport pathways. Combining an adapted hysteresis classification framework with prior knowledge of the field conditions and pesticide usage, we demonstrated the possibility of using hysteresis analysis to qualitatively infer the dominant pesticide transport pathway in mixed land-use catchments. The analysis showed that hysteresis types, and therefore the dominant transport pathway, vary among pesticides, sites and rainfall events. Hysteresis loops mostly correspond to dominant transport by flow components with intermediate response time, although pesticide sources indicate that fast transport pathways are responsible in most cases (e.g. urban runoff and combined sewer overflows). The discrepancy suggests the fast transport pathways can be slowed down due to catchment storages, such as topographic depressions in agricultural areas, a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and other artificial storage units (e.g. retention basins) in urban areas. Moreover, the WWTP was identified as an important factor modifying the parent-metabolite concentration dynamics during rainfall events. To properly predict and manage pesticide occurrence in catchments of mixed land uses, the hydrological delaying effect and chemical processes within the artificial structures need to be accounted for, in addition to the catchment hydrology and the diversity of pesticide sources. This study demonstrates that in catchments with diverse pesticide sources and complex transport mechanisms, the adapted hysteresis analysis can help to improve our understanding on pesticide transport behaviours and provide a basis for effective management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tang
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dept. Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Dept. Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Christian Stamm
- EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ann van Griensven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dept. Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium; IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Piet Seuntjens
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Dept. Bioscience Engineering, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium; Ghent University, Dept. Soil Management, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jan Bronders
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
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Lefrancq M, Jadas-Hécart A, La Jeunesse I, Landry D, Payraudeau S. High frequency monitoring of pesticides in runoff water to improve understanding of their transport and environmental impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 587-588:75-86. [PMID: 28242219 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Rainfall-induced peaks in pesticide concentrations can occur rapidly. Low frequency sampling may therefore largely underestimate maximum pesticide concentrations and fluxes. Detailed storm-based sampling of pesticide concentrations in runoff water to better predict pesticide sources, transport pathways and toxicity within the headwater catchments is lacking. High frequency monitoring (2min) of seven pesticides (Dimetomorph, Fluopicolide, Glyphosate, Iprovalicarb, Tebuconazole, Tetraconazole and Triadimenol) and one degradation product (AMPA) were assessed for 20 runoff events from 2009 to 2012 at the outlet of a vineyard catchment in the Layon catchment in France. The maximum pesticide concentrations were 387μgL-1. Samples from all of the runoff events exceeded the legal limit of 0.1μgL-1 for at least one pesticide (European directive 2013/39/EC). High resolution sampling used to detect the peak pesticide levels revealed that Toxic Units (TU) for algae, invertebrates and fish often exceeded the European Uniform principles (25%). The point and average (time or discharge-weighted) concentrations indicated up to a 30- or 4-fold underestimation of the TU obtained when measuring the maximum concentrations, respectively. This highlights the important role of sampling methods for assessing peak exposure. High resolution sampling combined with concentration-discharge hysteresis analyses revealed that clockwise responses were predominant (52%), indicating that Hortonian runoff is the prevailing surface runoff trigger mechanism in the study catchment. The hysteresis patterns for suspended solids and pesticides were highly dynamic and storm- and chemical-dependent. Intense rainfall events induced stronger C-Q hysteresis (magnitude). This study provides new insights into the complexity of pesticide dynamics in runoff water and highlights the ability of hysteresis analysis to improve understanding of pesticide supply and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lefrancq
- University of Angers, LETG-Angers UMR CNRS 6554, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France.
| | - Alain Jadas-Hécart
- University of Angers, LETG-Angers UMR CNRS 6554, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Isabelle La Jeunesse
- University of Angers, LETG-Angers UMR CNRS 6554, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France; University François Rabelais of Tours, Citeres UMR CNRS 7324, 33, allée Ferdinand de Lesseps, B.P. 60449, 37204 Tours cedex 3, France
| | - David Landry
- University of Angers, LETG-Angers UMR CNRS 6554, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
| | - Sylvain Payraudeau
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ENGEES, LHyGeS UMR 7517, 1 rue Blessig, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
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23
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Fauvel B, Gantzer C, Cauchie HM, Ogorzaly L. In Situ Dynamics of F-Specific RNA Bacteriophages in a Small River: New Way to Assess Viral Propagation in Water Quality Studies. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2017; 9:89-102. [PMID: 27771874 PMCID: PMC5309317 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-016-9266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and propagation of enteric viruses in rivers constitute a major public health issue. However, little information is available on the in situ transport and spread of viruses in surface water. In this study, an original in situ experimental approach using the residence time of the river water mass was developed to accurately follow the propagation of F-specific RNA bacteriophages (FRNAPHs) along a 3-km studied river. Surface water and sediment of 9 sampling campaigns were collected and analyzed using both infectivity and RT-qPCR assays. In parallel, some physico-chemical variables such as flow rate, water temperature, conductivity and total suspended solids were measured to investigate the impact of environmental conditions on phage propagation. For campaigns with low flow rate and high temperature, the results highlight a decrease of infectious phage concentration along the river, which was successfully modelled according to a first-order negative exponential decay. The monitoring of infectious FRNAPHs belonging mainly to the genogroup II was confirmed with direct phage genotyping and total phage particle quantification. Reported k decay coefficients according to exponential models allowed for the determination of the actual in situ distance and time necessary for removing 90 % of infectious phage particles. This present work provides a new way to assess the true in situ viral propagation along a small river. These findings can be highly useful in water quality and risk assessment studies to determine the viral contamination spread from a point contamination source to the nearest recreational areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Fauvel
- Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, 4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine, 5 rue Albert Lebrun, Nancy, 54000, France
- CNRS, LCPME, UMR 7564, Nancy, 54000, France
| | - Christophe Gantzer
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lorraine, 5 rue Albert Lebrun, Nancy, 54000, France
- CNRS, LCPME, UMR 7564, Nancy, 54000, France
| | - Henry-Michel Cauchie
- Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, 4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Leslie Ogorzaly
- Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, 4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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Fauvel B, Ogorzaly L, Cauchie HM, Gantzer C. Interactions of infectious F-specific RNA bacteriophages with suspended matter and sediment: Towards an understanding of FRNAPH distribution in a river water system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 574:960-968. [PMID: 27668848 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The association of viruses with settling particles is certainly a major process controlling the spread of viral pollution in surface water and sediment. To better understand the viral distribution in a river system, the behavior of F-specific RNA bacteriophages (FRNAPHs) was investigated in relationship with the suspended solids and sediment. The partitioning of phage particles (free or associated with solids) in surface water and the attachment capabilities of eight distinct strains of phages to sediment were studied in lab experiments. In situ observations were also performed with the genotyping of 166 individual plaques of FRNAPHs isolated from surface water and sediment. The results reported here demonstrate a variation of the status of infectious phages as a function of the hydro-climatological conditions. Phage-solid association seems to mainly occur during the peak of rainfall-runoff events but also to a certain extent during the recession phase compared to low flow conditions. The transfer of phages from the water column to sediment may occur at this time. Furthermore, the ability of FRNAPHs to interact with sediment was established for six strains out of eight, belonging to genogroups II, III and IV. A similar dynamic was observed for strains within a same genogroup despite different intensity of attachment and inactivation rates for strains of genogroups III and IV. The latter results match the in situ observations in the water and sediment compartments of the studied area. Infectious FRNAPH genogroup II was more abundant in sediment than in surface water. Its capability to sorb to sediment and its higher persistence in the environment compared to genogroups III and IV were the two main explanations. Together, lab and in situ experiments produce an overall vision of the mechanisms governing FRNAPH distribution among the water column and riverbed sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Fauvel
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN); 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg; Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire de Chimie, Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, Faculté de Pharmacie, Nancy F-54000, France; CNRS, LCPME, UMR 7564, Nancy F-54000, France
| | - Leslie Ogorzaly
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN); 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Henry-Michel Cauchie
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Department of Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN); 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Christophe Gantzer
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire de Chimie, Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, Faculté de Pharmacie, Nancy F-54000, France; CNRS, LCPME, UMR 7564, Nancy F-54000, France
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