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Huangfu X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ma C. The determination of thallium in the environment: A review of conventional and advanced techniques and applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142201. [PMID: 38692367 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is a potential toxicity element that poses significant ecological and environmental risks. Recently, a substantial amount of Tl has been released into the environment through natural and human activities, which attracts increasing attention. The determination of this hazardous and trace element is crucial for controlling its pollution. This article summarizes the advancement and progress in optimizing Tl detection techniques, including atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), voltammetry, inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-based methods, spectrophotometry, and X-ray-based methods. Additionally, it introduces sampling and pretreatment methods such as diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, and cloud point extraction. Among these techniques, ICP-mass spectrometry (MS) is the preferred choice for Tl detection due to its high precision in determining Tl as well as its species and isotopic composition. Meanwhile, some new materials and agents are employed in detection. The application of novel work electrode materials and chromogenic agents is discussed. Emphasis is placed on reducing solvent consumption and utilizing pretreatment techniques such as ultrasound-assisted processes and functionalized magnetic particles. Most detection is performed in aqueous matrices, while X-ray-based methods applied to solid phases are summarized which provide non-destructive analysis. This work improves the understanding of Tl determination technology while serving as a valuable resource for researchers seeking appropriate analytical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yunzhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chengxue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Wang T, Zhang Y, Qi J, Hu C, Qu J. Sulfate Doping Promotes Agglomeration of Calcium Fluoride Crystals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4450-4458. [PMID: 38386650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Calcium salt precipitation is an effective solution to wastewater fluoride pollution. The purity and precipitation efficiency of calcium fluoride is critical for its removal and recovery. This study aimed to reveal the role of coexisting sulfates in the precipitation of calcium fluoride. A low sulfate concentration promoted calcium fluoride precipitation. The size of calcium fluoride-aggregated particle clusters increased from 750 to 2000 nm when the molar ratio of sulfate to fluoride was increased from 0 to 3:100. Sulfate doped in the calcium fluoride crystals neutralized the positive charge of the calcium fluoride. Online atomic force microscopy measurements showed that sulfate reduced the repulsive force between calcium fluoride crystals and increased the adhesion force from 1.62 to 2.46 nN, promoting the agglomeration of calcium fluoride crystals. Sulfate improved the precipitation efficiency of calcium fluoride by promoting agglomeration; however, the purity of calcium fluoride was reduced by doping. Sulfate reduced the induction time of calcium fluoride crystallization and improved the nucleation rate of calcium fluoride. Sulfate should be retained to improve the precipitation of calcium fluoride and to avoid its loss from the effluents. However, it is necessary to separate sulfate from fluoride to obtain high-purity calcium fluoride. Therefore, sulfate concentration regulation in high-fluoride wastewater is key to achieving the efficient removal and recovery of fluoride ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jing Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Yin H, Yao H, Yuan W, Lin CJ, Fu X, Yin R, Meng B, Luo J, Feng X. Determination of the Isotopic Composition of Aqueous Mercury in a Paddy Ecosystem Using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12290-12297. [PMID: 37605798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the isotopic composition of Hg in natural waters is challenging due to the ultratrace level of aqueous Hg (ng L-1). At least 5 ng of Hg mass is required for Hg isotopic analysis. Given the low Hg concentration in natural waters, a large volume of water (>10 L) is typically needed. The conventional grab sampling method is time-consuming, laborious, and prone to contamination during transportation and preconcentration steps. In this study, a DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) method based on aminopropyl and mercaptopropyl bi-functionalized SBA-15 nanoparticles was developed and extended to determine the concentration and isotopic composition of aqueous Hg for the first time. The results of laboratory analysis showed that Hg adsorption by DGT induces ∼ -0.2‰ mass-dependent fractionation (MDF) and little mass-independent fractionation (MIF). The magnitude of MDF exhibits a dependence on the diffusion-layer thickness of DGT. Since Hg-MDF can occur in a broad range of environmental processes, monitoring the δ202Hg of aqueous Hg using the DGT method should be performed with caution. Field results show consistent MIF signatures (Δ199Hg) between the DGT and conventional grab sampling method. The developed DGT method serves as a passive sampling method that effectively characterizes the MIF of Hg in waters to understand the biogeochemical cycle of Hg at contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqian Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Heng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Che-Jen Lin
- Center for Advances in Water and Air Quality, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | - Xuewu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Runsheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Bo Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Medon B, Pautler BG, Sweett A, Roberts J, Risacher FF, D'Agostino LA, Conder J, Gauthier JR, Mabury SA, Patterson A, McIsaac P, Mitzel R, Hakimabadi SG, Pham ALT. A field-validated equilibrium passive sampler for the monitoring of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in sediment pore water and surface water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:980-995. [PMID: 37128709 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00483f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple equilibrium passive sampler, consisting of water in an inert container capped with a rate-limiting barrier, for the monitoring of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in sediment pore water and surface water was developed and tested through a series of laboratory and field experiments. The objectives of the laboratory experiments were to determine (1) the membrane type that could serve as the sampler's rate-limiting barrier, (2) the mass transfer coefficient of environmentally relevant PFAS through the selected membrane, and (3) the performance reference compounds (PRCs) that could be used to infer the kinetics of PFAS diffusing into the sampler. Of the membranes tested, the polycarbonate (PC) membrane was deemed the most suitable rate-limiting barrier, given that it did not appreciably adsorb the studied PFAS (which have ≤8 carbons), and that the migration of these compounds through this membrane could be described by Fick's law of diffusion. When employed as the PRC, the isotopically labelled PFAS M2PFOA and M4PFOS were able to predict the mass transfer coefficients of the studied PFAS analytes. In contrast, the mass transfer coefficients were underpredicted by Br- and M3PFPeA. For validation, the PC-based passive samplers consisting of these four PRCs, as well as two other PRCs (i.e., M8PFOA and C8H17SO3-), were deployed in the sediment and water at a PFAS-impacted field site. The concentration-time profiles of the PRCs indicated that the samplers deployed in the sediment required at least 6 to 7 weeks to reach 90% equilibrium. If the deployment times are shorter (e.g., 2 to 4 weeks), PFAS concentrations at equilibrium could be estimated based on the concentrations of the PRCs remaining in the sampler at retrieval. All PFAS concentrations determined via this approach were within a factor of two compared to those measured in the mechanically extracted sediment pore water and surface water samples obtained adjacent to the sampler deployment locations. Neither biofouling of the rate-limiting barrier nor any physical change to it was observed on the sampler after retrieval. The passive sampler developed in this study could be a promising tool for the monitoring of PFAS in pore water and surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing Medon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | | | | | | | - Florent F Risacher
- Geosyntec Consultants International Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 5J2, Canada
| | - Lisa A D'Agostino
- Geosyntec Consultants International Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, K1P 5J2, Canada
| | - Jason Conder
- Geosyntec Consultants Inc., Costa Mesa, California, 92626, USA
| | - Jeremy R Gauthier
- Department of Chemistry, Lash Miller Chemical Labs, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Scott A Mabury
- Department of Chemistry, Lash Miller Chemical Labs, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Andrew Patterson
- Eurofins Environment Testing America, West Sacramento, California, 95605, USA
| | - Patricia McIsaac
- Eurofins Environment Testing America, Oakton, Virginia, 22124, USA
| | - Robert Mitzel
- Eurofins Environment Testing America, West Sacramento, California, 95605, USA
| | - Seyfollah Gilak Hakimabadi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Anh Le-Tuan Pham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Wang H, Yu B, Li B, Zhao T, Cai Y, Luo Y, Zhang H. A contrasting alteration of sulfamethoxazole bioaccessibility in two different soils amended with polyethylene microplastic: In-situ measurement using diffusive gradients in thin films. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152187. [PMID: 34890670 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and veterinary antibiotics are both emerging environmental contaminants that could be co-occurrence in agricultural soils. However, it's still unclear how the microplastics affect the bioaccessibility of antibiotics in a real soil environment. An in-situ measurement using diffusive gradients in thin-films devices suitable for polar organic compounds (o-DGT) coupled with soil moisture sampling were used to reveal such effects. Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) that was selected as a representative antibiotic and polyethylene (PE) microplastic with an average diameter of 35 μm were amended to the paddy soil and saline soil for the study. The result indicated that SMX degradation in the paddy soil was higher than that in the saline soil, meanwhile, PE microplastic addition promoted SMX degradation in both soils. In the paddy soil, PE microplastic addition enhanced release of SMX from soil solid to soil solution but no effects on the bioaccessibile SMX. However, in the saline soil, the PE microplastic addition reduced both SMX in soil solution and bioaccessibile SMX significantly (p < 0.05). The potential resupply ability of the labile SMX from soil solid to soil solution which was expressed as R value enhanced significantly in saline soil, while such a change was negligible in the paddy soil. This implied that long-term release risk of SMX in the PE microplastic contaminated saline soil could not be neglected. Therefore, co-occurrence of PE microplastic and SMX in the soils might increase uptake of SMX by biotas and such effects depended on soil properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ben Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Baochen Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Zhu Y, Xu G, Wang X, Ji X, Jia X, Sun L, Gu X, Xie X. Passive sampling of chlorophenols in water and soils using diffusive gradients in thin films based on β-cyclodextrin polymers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150739. [PMID: 34619202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols (CPs) have been listed as priority control pollutants because of their high toxicity and wide range. An In-situ monitoring technique using diffusive gradients in thin films based on porous β-cyclodextrin polymers as binding materials (CDP-DGT), was established to monitor four typical CPs, namely, 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP), 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP), 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) in water and soils. The performance of CDP-DGT are stable under the conditions of pH 3.5-9.3, ionic strength 0.001-0.500 mol L-1 and dissolved organic matter concentration 0-20 mol L-1. The adsorption capacities of CDP-DGT for 4-CP, 2,4-DCP, 2,4,5-TCP, 2,4,6-TCP were 57.80 μg cm-2, 98.82 μg cm-2, 95.69 μg cm-2 and 98.91 μg cm-2, respectively. The time-average weighted concentrations of four CPs determined by CDP-DGT at Sanjiangkou wharf (Yangtze river, China) were consistent with the results of grab sampling, indicating the feasibility of CDP-DGT application in actual water. In addition, the distribution of CPs in the red soil of Kunming and paddy soil of Yixing were also studied by CDP-DGT, and the desorption kinetics in the two soils were analyzed with the DIFS model. The higher the soil organic matter content is, the more CPs are distributed in the soil solid phase. CPs in both soils can be partially resupplied to soil solution from the soil solid phase and the higher the partition coefficient for labile CPs is, the stronger the supplement capacity is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guizhou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xueyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Xun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xueyuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xianchuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China.
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Fang Z, Li Y, Li Y, Yang D, Zhang H, Jones KC, Gu C, Luo J. Development and Applications of Novel DGT Passive Samplers for Measuring 12 Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Natural Waters and Wastewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:9548-9556. [PMID: 33710858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Extensive and long-term use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has caused their widespread distribution in aquatic systems. A new diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) passive sampling method based on weak anion exchanger (WAX) binding layer is developed here for monitoring five perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), five perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids (PFSAs) and two PFASs (6:2 FTSA and GenX) in waters. Performance of WAX-DGTs was independent of environmental conditions, namely pH (3.03-8.96), ionic strength (1-500 mM), and DOM content (4-30 mg L-1). Diffusion coefficients (D) of the 12 PFASs in the diffusive gels were measured, 9 for the first time. Linear correlations between D and perfluoroalkyl chain lengths (CF2) were established to obtain D for congener chemicals with the similar functional group and structure. The binding capacity of the WAX-DGT sampler was at least 440 μg PFASs per sampler, sufficient for applications in waters across a wide range of conditions and PFASs concentrations. Successful applications of WAX based DGT samplers in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and three rivers has demonstrated that DGT is a powerful tool for monitoring, surveillance and research of these 12 PFASs in aquatic systems, and can be extended to wider suites of PFs in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yanying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Danxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin C Jones
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
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You N, Chen S, Wang Y, Fan HT, Sun LN, Sun T. In situ sampling of tetracycline antibiotics in culture wastewater using diffusive gradients in thin films equipped with graphene nanoplatelets. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110089. [PMID: 32861726 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A device of graphene nanoplatelet-based diffusion gradients in thin-films (G-DGT) was developed for in situ sampling of tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) in aquatic environment. The accumulation of antibiotics in a synthetic solution by the proposed G-DGT was consistent with the theoretical curves predicted by the DGT equation. The values of the detection and quantification limits of G-DGT using high-performance liquid chromatography over the deployment time of 7 days were at the level of μg L-1 for the three antibiotics. The performance of the proposed G-DGT was unaffected by pH (3-9) and ionic strength (0.001-0.7 mol L-1 NaNO3). Fulvic acid did not significantly interfere with the performance of the proposed G-DGT device when the mass ratios between the three antibiotics and fulvic acid were within the range of 1:10-1:100. Humic acid had a significant effect on the performance of the proposed G-DGT for the sampling of the three antibiotics due to strong complexation and coprecipitation between the antibiotics and humic acid. The proposed G-DGT was used for the in situ sampling in spiked freshwaters and livestock culture wastewater and exhibited good precision and accuracy without notable interference from the matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan You
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001, Liaoning, China
| | - Su Chen
- Key Lab of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment (Shenyang University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110044, China
| | - Yun Wang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Hong-Tao Fan
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Li-Na Sun
- Key Lab of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment (Shenyang University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110044, China.
| | - Ting Sun
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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9
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Li Y, Wang G, Wang J, Jia Z, Zhou Y, Wang C, Li Y, Zhou S. Determination of influencing factors on historical concentration variations of PAHs in West Taihu Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:573-580. [PMID: 30933754 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by components such as elemental carbon (EC), total organic carbon (TOC), and particles is different, and EC and PAHs are good materials for reconstructing historical human activity patterns and pollution conditions. In this study, the effects of EC (soot and char), TOC and particles of different grain size on PAHs in surface sediments were quantitatively analysed, and their historical concentrations in a sediment core from western Taihu Lake were reconstructed. The contents of soot, TOC, clay, EC and char explained 57.2%, 27.6%, 26.0%, 24.0% and 16.4%, respectively, of the PAH concentrations in surface sediments. The correlation between the soot and PAH levels was significantly higher than that between the char, TOC, and clay contents and PAH levels, and PAHs were mainly affected by the local economic development and human activity, as indicated by metrics of population, highway mileage, coal burning, and industrial output. With the development of the economy of the Taihu Lake Basin, the composition of PAHs in the sediments has changed: the proportion of low-molecular-weight PAHs decreased from 42.4% to 17.5%, and that of high-molecular-weight PAHs increased from 58.7% to 82.5%. The concentration of PAHs in pore water from Taihu Lake over the past 100 years was reconstructed and ranged from 43.1 to 961.2 μg L-1, with an average of 180.7 μg L-1. After China's reform and opening up, the concentrations of various PAHs in Taihu Lake changed from safe to chronic pollution levels. The ratios of lead (Pb) isotopes and the diagnostic ratios of PAHs showed that the main sources of PAHs in western Taihu Lake sediments were human activities such as coal and petroleum combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China; School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genmei Wang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Junxiao Wang
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyi Jia
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 1158 Baiyang Street, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shenglu Zhou
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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You N, Yao H, Wang Y, Fan HT, Wang CS, Sun T. Development and evaluation of diffusive gradients in thin films based on nano-sized zinc oxide particles for the in situ sampling of tetracyclines in pig breeding wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1653-1660. [PMID: 30312908 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of antibiotics, including tetracyclines (TCs), in aquatic environments has become an issue of concern in recent years. Herein, an in situ sampling of TCs in pig breeding wastewater that utilizes the technique of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), based on commercial nanosized ZnO (nanoZnO) particles as the potential effective binding agent and a polyethersulfone (PES) membrane as the diffusion layer, was developed. The diffusion coefficients of tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) in a PES membrane at 25 °C were (1.37 ± 0.06) × 10-6 cm2 s-1, (1.29 ± 0.05) × 10-6 cm2 s-1 and (1.94 ± 0.07) × 10-6 cm2 s-1, respectively. The results showed that the adsorption capacities of a gel disc containing 2.5 g L-1 of nanoZnO particles were as high as 3.93 ± 0.20 mg disc-1 for TC, 3.21 ± 0.20 mg disc-1 for OTC and 4.62 ± 0.22 mg disc-1 for CTC. Both a solution pH in the range of 5-9 and an ionic strength (as pNaCl) in the range of 1-3 had an insignificant influence on the TCs uptake by nanoZnO-DGT samplers. There was no significant influence of fulvic acid or tannic acid on the TC uptake by nanoZnO-DGT samplers at the tested mass ratios. For all spiked freshwater samples, there was no notable interference of matrices on the performance of the nanoZnO-DGT samplers, suggesting that the nanoZnO-DGT samplers yielded satisfactory results for the uptake of TCs at concentrations existing in the spiked freshwater samples. Field deployment of the nanoZnO-DGT samplers in pig breeding wastewater also exhibited excellent precision and accuracy, indicating that the nanoZnO-DGT samplers could be used as a promising method for the in situ sampling of TC antibiotics in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan You
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Petroleum & Chemical Technology, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Yao
- College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 100142, Liaoning, China
| | - Yun Wang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Hong-Tao Fan
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Petroleum & Chemical Technology, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Chang-Song Wang
- College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 100142, Liaoning, China.
| | - Ting Sun
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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Deng H, Luo M, Shi X, Williams PN, Li K, Liu M, Fan W, Xiao T, Chen Y, Ma LQ, Luo J. In Situ Measurement of Thallium in Natural Waters by a Technique Based on Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Containing a δ-MnO2 Gel Layer. Anal Chem 2018; 91:1344-1352. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinyao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Paul N. Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Kexin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | - Lena Q. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Shi X, Fang W, Tang N, Williams PN, Hu X, Liu Z, Yin D, Ma LQ, Luo J. In Situ Selective Measurement of Se IV in Waters and Soils: Diffusive Gradients in Thin-Films with Bi-Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:14140-14148. [PMID: 30431268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The speciation of selenium (Se) controls its fate and behavior, determining both its biological and environmental activities. However, in situ monitoring of SeIV presents a significant challenge due to its sensitivity to redox change. A novel diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique containing mercapto-, amino-bifunctionalized SBA15 mesoporous silica nanoparticles was developed and evaluated in a series of laboratory and field deployment tests. The SBA-DGT exhibited a linear accumulation of SeIV ( r2 > 0.997) over a 72 h deployment, with negligible accumulation of SeVI(<5%). Consistent prediction of SeIV occurred within ionic strength and pH ranges of 0.1-200 mmol L-1 and 3.6-8, respectively. Limits of detection of the SBA-DGT were 0.03 μg SeIV L-1, which is suitable for natural waters. Moreover, the properties of the bifunctionalized SBA15 enable it to be fabricated within ultrathin (0.05 mm) gel layers for use in conjunction with O2 planar optode imaging. This new sandwich sensor technology with SBA-DGT was validated by mapping the two-dimensional distribution of SeIV and oxygen simultaneously in rice rhizospheres. This study shows that SBA-DGT provides a selective measurement of SeIV in situ, demonstrating its potential for both environmental monitoring and as a research tool for improving our understanding of Se biogeochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Ni Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast BT9 7BL , United Kingdom
| | - Xuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Zhaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Daixia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
- Soil and Water Science Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Jiangsu 210023 , China
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13
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Qin W, Gu Y, Wang G, Wu T, Zhang H, Tang X, Zhang Y, Zhao H. Zirconium metal organic frameworks-based DGT technique for in situ measurement of dissolved reactive phosphorus in waters. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 147:223-232. [PMID: 30312795 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to provide early warnings for the occurrence of eutrophication, it is highly desirable to develop an accurate and efficient technique to ensure continuous monitoring of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in the aquatic environment from the viewpoint of environmental management. Herein, a new diffusive gradient in thin film (DGT) technique was developed and evaluated for in situ measurement of DRP in waters, in which Zr-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs, UiO-66) were utilized as aqueous binding agent (abbreviated as UiO-66 DGT). As expected, the UiO-66 DGT demonstrated high uptake capacity towards phosphorus (20.8 μg P cm-2). Meanwhile, an excellent linearity between the accumulated DRP mass and deployment time over 5 d (R2 = 0.996) was obtained regardless of high or low phosphate solution. In addition, effective diffusion coefficients (D) of DRP increased exponentially with increasing ionic strengths (R2 = 0.99). Based on the rectified D, the performance of the UiO-66 DGT was independent of solution pH (6.5-8.5) and ionic strengths (ranging from 0.01 to 100 mmol L-1). Furthermore, field deployments of the UiO-66 DGT were undertaken in a natural eutrophic lake (Lake Chaohu, China). It was noteworthy that DRP could be continually accumulated by the UiO-66 DGT for more than 14 d and good agreements were obtained between the concentrations measured by DGT (CDGT) and those by ex situ chemical extraction method in solution (Csol), as reflected by CDGT/Csol of 0.9-1.1. In situ determination of DRP speciation was also carried out at different sites across Lake Chaohu. Overall, this study contributed to a better constructing of liquid binding phase DGT for the measurement of DRP in waters, facilitating the widespread application of the UiO-66 DGT as a routine monitoring technique and for large-scale environmental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Guozhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Tianxing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Haimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xiaoxian Tang
- Monitoring Station of Environmental Protection, Chaohu Lake Administration Bureau of Anhui Province, Chaohu, 238007, China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
| | - Huijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China; Center for Clean Environment and Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Queensland, 4222, Australia
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14
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Guan DX, Li YQ, Yu NY, Yu GH, Wei S, Zhang H, Davison W, Cui XY, Ma LQ, Luo J. In situ measurement of perfluoroalkyl substances in aquatic systems using diffusive gradients in thin-films technique. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 144:162-171. [PMID: 30025267 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the environmental impact of ubiquitous perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in waters, reliable and robust measurement techniques are needed. As one of the most widely used passive sampling approaches, diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) is not only easy to handle but also provides time-weighted analyte concentrations. Based on DGT with XAD18 as a binding agent, we developed a new methodology to measure two frequently detected PFASs in surface waters and wastewaters, i.e. perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Their diffusion coefficients in the diffusive gel, measured using an independent diffusion cell, were 4.37 × 10-6 and 5.08 × 10-6 cm2 s-1 at 25 °C, respectively. DGT had a high capacity for PFOA and PFOS at 196 and 246 μg per gel disk, suggesting the DGT sampler was suitable for deployment of several weeks. Time-integrated concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in a natural lake and river, and a municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent using DGT samplers deployed in situ for 12-33 d were comparable to those measured by a solid-phase extraction method coupled with high-frequency grab sampling. This study demonstrates that DGT is an effective tool for in situ monitoring of PFASs in natural waters and wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xing Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Ya-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Nan-Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Guang-Hui Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Si Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - William Davison
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Xin-Yi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, PR China.
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15
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Han C, Ren J, Wang Z, Yang S, Ke F, Xu D, Xie X. Characterization of phosphorus availability in response to radial oxygen losses in the rhizosphere of Vallisneria spiralis. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 208:740-748. [PMID: 29902758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The viewpoint that radial oxygen loss (ROL) of submerged macrophytes induces changes in redox conditions and the associated phosphorus (P) availability has been indirectly confirmed at larger spatial scales using conventional, destructive techniques. However, critical information about microniches has largely been overlooked due to the lack of satisfactory in situ mapping technologies. In this study, we deployed a recently developed hybrid sensor in the rhizosphere of Vallisneria spiralis (V. spiralis) during two vegetation periods to provide 2-D imaging of the spatiotemporal co-distribution of oxygen (O2) and P from a fixed observation point. Overall, the images of O2 and P showed a high degree of spatiotemporal heterogeneity throughout the rhizosphere at the sub-mm scale. A clear decrease in the P mobilization corresponded well to the steep O2 enhancement within a 2-mm-thick zone around younger V. spiralis root, indicating a significant coupling relationship between ROL and P availability. Surprisingly, despite significant diurnal shifts in ROL along the older V. spiralis roots, P availability did not fluctuate in a substantial part of the rhizosphere throughout the day; however, ROL increased the P immobilization significantly by changing the redox gradients at the outer rhizosphere. This study clearly demonstrates how continuous ROL of V. spiralis can play a major role in regulating P availability within the rhizosphere. The premise behind this statement is the discovery of how this continuous ROL can lead to the formation of three distinctive redox landscapes in the rooting sediment (oxic, suboxic, or anaerobic layers).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jinghua Ren
- Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Zhaode Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Shika Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Fan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Di Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xianchuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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16
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You N, Li JY, Fan HT, Shen H. In-situ sampling of nitrophenols in industrial wastewaters using diffusive gradients in thin films based on lignocellulose-derived activated carbons. J Adv Res 2018; 15:77-86. [PMID: 30581615 PMCID: PMC6300461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A specific DGT sampler for measurement of nitrophenols in acidic aqueous solutions. Hazelnut shell-derived activated carbons as DGT binding agents. No interference of water matrices on the measurement of nitrophenols by DGT sampler. Reliable results of field deployments in acidic wastewater with relative good precision.
Nitrophenols (such as o-nitrophenol (ONP), p-nitrophenol (PNP), and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)) are priority environmental pollutants. Their toxicity is pH dependent, and these molecular species of nitrophenols exhibit higher toxicity than their anionic counterparts. Herein, for the first time, a method for the in situ measurement of nitrophenols in acidic industrial wastewater was developed using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) with lignocellulose hazelnut shell-derived activated carbons (HSACs) as the binding agents. Nylon membranes (0.1 μm rated) with diffusion coefficients of (2.02 ± 0.13) × 10−6 cm2 s−1 for ONP, (1.39 ± 0.09) × 10−6 cm2 s−1 for PNP and (1.20 ± 0.08) × 10−6 cm2 s−1 for DNP at 25 °C were used as the DGT diffusion layers. The accumulation of ONP, PNP, and DNP in DGT samplers based on the HSAC and nylon membranes (HSAC-DGT) agreed well with the theoretical curves predicted by the DGT equation in synthetic solutions with 200 μg L−1 nitrophenol. The uptake of the HSAC-DGT samplers for ONP, PNP, and DNP was found to be independent of the ionic strength of pNaNO3 (−log [NaNO3] (mol L−1)) in the range of 0.7–3 and the pH range of 3–7 for ONP and PNP and 3–6 for DNP, which is beneficial for their accumulation. The matrices of the tested water samples exhibited no notable interference during nitrophenol analysis by the HSAC-DGT samplers. The results of field deployments in acidic industrial wastewater containing 268.3 ± 79.2 μg L−1 DNP were satisfactorily accurate, thus demonstrating that the HSAC-DGT samplers are good candidates for use in the in situ measurement of nitrophenols in acidic aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan You
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Petroleum & Chemical Technology, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China
| | - Ji-Yu Li
- College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 100142, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong-Tao Fan
- College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Petroleum & Chemical Technology, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China
| | - Hua Shen
- College of Applied Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 100142, Liaoning, China
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Zhou C, van de Velde S, Baeyens W, Gao Y. Comparison of Chelex based resins in diffusive gradients in thin-film for high resolution assessment of metals. Talanta 2018; 186:397-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Feng Z, Wang N, He M, Yang L, Wang Y, Sun T. Simultaneous sampling of dissolved orthophosphate and ammonium in freshwaters using diffusive gradients in thin films with a mixed binding phase. Talanta 2018; 186:176-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Zou YT, Fang Z, Li Y, Wang R, Zhang H, Jones KC, Cui XY, Shi XY, Yin D, Li C, Liu ZD, Ma LQ, Luo J. Novel Method for in Situ Monitoring of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants in Waters. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10016-10023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Runmei Wang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin C. Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Xin-Yi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Daixia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lena Q. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
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20
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Han C, Williams PN, Ren J, Wang Z, Fang X, Xu D, Xie X, Geng J, Ma LQ, Luo J. In situ sampling and speciation method for measuring dissolved phosphite at ultratrace concentrations in the natural environment. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 137:281-289. [PMID: 29554532 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphite (P+III) is of emerging chemical interest due to its importance within the global phosphorus cycle. Yet, to date, precise/accurate measurements of P+III are still lacking due to the inherent analytical challenges linked to its instability/ease of oxidation and ultra-trace concentration. Here, we present the first in-situ sampling and speciation analysis method, for dissolved P+III, using the diffusive-gradients-in-thin-films (DGT) technique, combined with capillary-column-configured-dual-ion-chromatography (CC-DIC). Method optimization of the DGT elution regime, to simultaneously maximize desorption efficiency and CC-DIC sensitivity, along with the characterization of diffusion coefficients for P+III, were undertaken before full method validation. Laboratory-performance testing confirmed DGT-P+III acquisition to be independent of pH (3.0-10.0) and ionic strength (0-500 mM). The capacity for P+III was 45.8 μg cm-2, while neither P+V (up to 10 mg L-1) nor As+V (up to 1 mg L-1) impacted the DGT-P+III measurement. This novel method's functionality stems from the herein confirmed speciation preservation and double pre-concentration of P+III, resulting in quantification limits as low as 7.44 ng L-1 for a 3-day deployment. Applications of this method in various terrestrial/aquatic environments were demonstrated and simultaneous profiles of P+III and P+V across a sediment-water interface were captured at mm resolution in two contrasting redox-mesocosm systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Jinghua Ren
- Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Zhaode Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Di Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xianchuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinju Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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