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Wang K, Li J, Gu X, Wang H, Li X, Peng Y, Wang Y. How to Provide Nitrite Robustly for Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation in Mainstream Nitrogen Removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21503-21526. [PMID: 38096379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Innovation in decarbonizing wastewater treatment is urgent in response to global climate change. The practical implementation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) treating domestic wastewater is the key to reconciling carbon-neutral management of wastewater treatment with sustainable development. Nitrite availability is the prerequisite of the anammox reaction, but how to achieve robust nitrite supply and accumulation for mainstream systems remains elusive. This work presents a state-of-the-art review on the recent advances in nitrite supply for mainstream anammox, paying special attention to available pathways (forward-going (from ammonium to nitrite) and backward-going (from nitrate to nitrite)), key controlling strategies, and physiological and ecological characteristics of functional microorganisms involved in nitrite supply. First, we comprehensively assessed the mainstream nitrite-oxidizing bacteria control methods, outlining that these technologies are transitioning to technologies possessing multiple selective pressures (such as intermittent aeration and membrane-aerated biological reactor), integrating side stream treatment (such as free ammonia/free nitrous acid suppression in recirculated sludge treatment), and maintaining high activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria for competing oxygen and nitrite with nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. We then highlight emerging strategies of nitrite supply, including the nitrite production driven by novel ammonia-oxidizing microbes (ammonia-oxidizing archaea and complete ammonia oxidation bacteria) and nitrate reduction pathways (partial denitrification and nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation). The resources requirement of different mainstream nitrite supply pathways is analyzed, and a hybrid nitrite supply pathway by combining partial nitrification and nitrate reduction is encouraged. Moreover, data-driven modeling of a mainstream nitrite supply process as well as proactive microbiome management is proposed in the hope of achieving mainstream nitrite supply in practical application. Finally, the existing challenges and further perspectives are highlighted, i.e., investigation of nitrite-supplying bacteria, the scaling-up of hybrid nitrite supply technologies from laboratory to practical implementation under real conditions, and the data-driven management for the stable performance of mainstream nitrite supply. The fundamental insights in this review aim to inspire and advance our understanding about how to provide nitrite robustly for mainstream anammox and shed light on important obstacles warranting further settlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaichong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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Li Z, Zhang L, Peng Y, Li J. Ecological insight into deterioration of one-stage partial nitritation and anammox system during environmental disturbance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 382:129142. [PMID: 37169201 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between the performance and the ecological features of a one-stage partial nitritation and anammox disturbed by oxygen. The disturbance caused an irreversible deterioration of the nitrogen removal rate from 0.8 to 0.05 kg N/(m3∙d) although the anammox genera increased from 1% to 1.4%. Meanwhile, the richness and evenness reduced from 455 and 4.00 to 429 and 3.81, respectively, following a similar pattern to the community complexity. The community drifted and formed three distinct clusters during and after the disturbance. Furthermore, 234 of 634 operational taxonomic units in the community were depleted despite recovered diversity and complexity during long-term stable operation. In conclusion, the ecological fluctuation of the microbial community with decreasing resilience was the driving force that fatally collapsed the system performance. This study suggests that ecological features are conducive to the diagnosis, prediction, and optimization of a partial nitritation and anammox system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Jialin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
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Chen H, Liu K, Yang E, Chen J, Gu Y, Wu S, Yang M, Wang H, Wang D, Li H. A critical review on microbial ecology in the novel biological nitrogen removal process: Dynamic balance of complex functional microbes for nitrogen removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159462. [PMID: 36257429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The novel biological nitrogen removal process has been extensively studied for its high nitrogen removal efficiency, energy efficiency, and greenness. A successful novel biological nitrogen removal process has a stable microecological equilibrium and benign interactions between the various functional bacteria. However, changes in the external environment can easily disrupt the dynamic balance of the microecology and affect the activity of functional bacteria in the novel biological nitrogen removal process. Therefore, this review focuses on the microecology in existing the novel biological nitrogen removal process, including the growth characteristics of functional microorganisms and their interactions, together with the effects of different influencing factors on the evolution of microbial communities. This provides ideas for achieving a stable dynamic balance of the microecology in a novel biological nitrogen removal process. Furthermore, to investigate deeply the mechanisms of microbial interactions in novel biological nitrogen removal process, this review also focuses on the influence of quorum sensing (QS) systems on nitrogen removal microbes, regulated by which bacteria secrete acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) as signaling molecules to regulate microbial ecology in the novel biological nitrogen removal process. However, the mechanisms of action of AHLs on the regulation of functional bacteria have not been fully determined and the composition of QS system circuits requires further investigation. Meanwhile, it is necessary to further apply molecular analysis techniques and the theory of systems ecology in the future to enhance the exploration of microbial species and ecological niches, providing a deeper scientific basis for the development of a novel biological nitrogen removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Ke Liu
- China Machinery International Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Enzhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yanling Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Sha Wu
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Gonçalves Piteira Carvalho B, Cristófaro Warrener FA, Campos Castro HM, Pereira AD, Leal CD, Araújo JCD. Aeration strategies and temperature effects on the partial nitritation/anammox process for nitrogen removal: performance and bacterial community assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:3473-3485. [PMID: 33944693 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1923817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The partial nitritation/anammox process (PN/A) could be a promising alternative for nitrogen removal from high-strength wastewater. There is, however, a lack of information about suitable aeration and temperature for PN/A in single-stage reactors for high-strength wastewater, such as food waste (FW) digestate treatment. To this end, a laboratory-scale (10 L) partial nitritation/anammox sequencing batch reactor was operated for more than 230 days under four different intermittent aeration strategies and temperature variations (35°C and ambient temperature - 26-29°C) to investigate the feasibility of nitrogen removal from real FW digestate. High ammonium (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) removal median efficiencies of 81 and 63%, respectively (corresponding to median NH4+-N and TN loads removed of 76 and 67 g.m-3.d-1), were achieved when the aeration strategy comprised by 7 min/14 min off and an airflow rate of 0.050 L.min-1.Lreactor-1 was applied. Nitrogen removal efficiencies were not affected by temperature variations in southeastern Brazil. COD, chloride and organic nitrogen (520, 239 and 102.8 mg.L-1, respectively) did not prevent PN/A. Changes of the bacterial community in response to aeration strategies were observed. Candidatus Brocadia dominated most of the time being more resistant to aeration and temperature changes than Candidatus Jettenia. This study demonstrated that optimizations of anoxic periods and airflow rate support PN/A with high nitrogen removal from FW digestate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helena Maria Campos Castro
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alyne Duarte Pereira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Dutra Leal
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Calábria de Araújo
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Yu L, Zhang C, Zhang M, Yu L, Huang P, Pang J, Wu J. Successful startup of the single-stage PN-A (partial nitrification-anammox) process by controlling the oxygen supply. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:36763-36772. [PMID: 35064878 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18645-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The single PN-A (partial nitrification-anammox) reactor offers a cost-effective solution for nitrogen removal. However, optimal control of the PN-A reactor is challenging due to the interactive mechanisms among the oxygen supply, bulk liquid DO (dissolved oxygen) concentration, and the balance of various functional bacterial species. In this study, a mathematical model was used to derive the optimal control variable for the maximum nitrogen removal, and an experimental PN-A reactor was operated to verify the model simulation results. The model simulation results indicate that the oxygen supply to the ammonium load ratio is the key factor to control the single-stage PN-A reactor for optimal TN removal. For optimal TN removal, the oxygen supply to the ammonium load ratio should be 1.9 mg O2/mg N. The DO concentration is not the key control parameter to get the maximum TN removal as the optimal TN removal could be achieved under a wide range of DO concentration. The model simulation results were verified in the experimental PN-A reactor under oxygen transfer rate ([Formula: see text]) at 52 day-1, HRT at 24 h, and ammonium load ratio of 0.55 kg N/(m3∙day).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianze Yu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lintang Yu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Penglan Huang
- Yangzhou Municipal Pipe Network Co., Ltd, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Pang
- Yangzhou Municipal Pipe Network Co., Ltd, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Environmental Engineering and Science, Yangzhou University, 196 West Huayang Road, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang F, Peng Y, Wang Z, Jiang H, Ren S, Qiu J, Zhang L. An Innovative Process for Mature Landfill Leachate and Waste Activated Sludge Simultaneous Treatment Based on Partial Nitrification, In Situ Fermentation, and Anammox (PNFA). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1310-1320. [PMID: 34941249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An innovative partial nitrification, in situ fermentation, and Anammox (PNFA) system was developed to achieve mature landfill leachate and waste activated sludge simultaneous treatment. Three separate sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were used for partial nitrification (PN-SBR), integrated fermentation-denitrification (IFD-SBR), and partial nitrification-Anammox (PNA-SBR). After 200 days of continuous operation, a satisfactory nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 99.2 ± 0.1% was obtained, with an effluent total nitrogen (TN) of 15.2 ± 3.2 mg/L. In IFD-SBR, the volatile fatty acids generated from fermentation drove efficient denitrification, obtaining sludge and nitrogen reduction rates of 4.2 ± 0.7 and 0.61 ± 0.04 kg/m3·day, respectively. Furthermore, unwanted fermentation metabolites (134.1 mg/L NH4+-N) were further treated by PNA-SBR using a combination of step-feed and intermittent aeration strategies. In PNA-SBR, Anammox significantly contributed to 82.1% nitrogen removal, and Anammox bacteria (Candidatus Brocadia, 2.3%) mutually benefited with partially denitrifying microorganisms (Thauera, 4.2%), with 66.3% of generated nitrate reduced to nitrite and then reutilized in situ by Anammox. Compared with the conventional nitrification-denitrification process, PNFA reduced oxygen energy consumption, external carbon source dosage, and CO2 emission by 21.3, 100, and 38.9%, respectively, and obtained 50.1% external WAS reduction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhai Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Zhong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Hao Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Shang Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jingang Qiu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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7
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Huang DQ, Fu JJ, Li ZY, Fan NS, Jin RC. Inhibition of wastewater pollutants on the anammox process: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150009. [PMID: 34492484 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been recognized as an efficient nitrogen removal technology. However, anammox bacteria are susceptible to surrounding environments and different pollutants, which limits the extensive application of the anammox process worldwide. Numerous researchers investigate the effects of various pollutants on the anammox process or bacteria, and related findings have also been reviewed with the focused on their inhibitory effects on process performance and microbial community. This review systemically summarized the recent advances in the inhibition, mechanism and recovery process of traditional and emerging pollutants on the anammox process over a decade, such as organics, metals, antibiotics, nanoparticles, etc. Generally, low-concentration pollutants exhibited a promotion on the anammox activity, while high-concentration pollutants showed inhibitory effects. The inhibitory threshold concentration of different pollutants varied. The combined effects of multipollutant also attracts more attentions, including synergistic, antagonistic and independent effects. Additionally, remaining problems and research needs are further proposed. This review provides a foundation for future research on the inhibition in anammox process, and promotes the proper operation of anammox processes treating different types of wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Qi Huang
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jin-Jin Fu
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zi-Yue Li
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- Laboratory of Water Pollution Remediation, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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Huang T, Zhao J, Hu B, Zhao J, Yuan C. Effective restoration of partial nitritation and anammox biofilm process by short-term hydroxylamine dosing: Mechanism and microbial interaction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125910. [PMID: 34523549 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The one-stage partial nitritation and anammox (PN-A) process frequently experiences deterioration from ammonium accumulation and nitrate build-up. In this study, hydroxylamine was dosed to restore the process from deterioration in a continuously aerated PN-A sequencing biofilm batch reactor, and the impact of hydroxylamine on the metabolism of PN-A process was studied. PN-A process was totally restored in 5 days via 10 mg N·L-1 hydroxylamine dosing, reducing nitrate-produced/ammonium-removed ratio from 28.5% to less than 11.0%. hydroxylamine dosing promoted biological production of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide and reduced the production of nitrate in the PN-A process. This study advanced the understanding of the metabolism versatility of hydroxylamine and nitric oxide as well as their function in interaction between aerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, and proposed the potential application of hydroxylamine dosing in ammonium-contained wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- School of water and environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junkai Zhao
- School of water and environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunbo Yuan
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
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Xu PP, Meng J, Li X, Li J, Sun K, Liu BF, Zheng M. Insights into complete nitrate removal in one-stage nitritation-anammox by coupling heterotrophic denitrification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113431. [PMID: 34352480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitritation-anammox has been considered to be the most promising process for nitrogen (N) removal from wastewater. However, the anammox reaction still produces an amount of nitrate, which cannot be removed further. This study hypothesizes that heterotrophic denitrification can be an appealing option to remove the residual nitrate in the one-stage nitritation-anammox process. Through monitoring N-removal performance and microbial community succession of a laboratory microaerobic reactor, the effect of four different levels of oxygen supply on nitrate removal was investigated. The reactor was continuously fed with real manure-free piggery wastewater containing ~240 mg NH4+-N/L and chemical oxygen demand (COD)/total nitrogen (TN) ratio of less than 1 for 180 days. With a high influent loading rate of 0.7 kg N/(m3·d), efficient total nitrogen removal (>80 %) was achieved during stable operation of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations between 0.3 and 0.6 mg O2/L, indicating N-removal via the nitritation-anammox pathway in the low-carbon wastewater treatment. At the same time, the effluent nitrate reduced with decreased oxygen supply and completely depleted at DO of 0.3 ± 0.1 mg O2/L. In addition to oxygen, preventing ammonia nitrogen from falling to very low levels (<10 mg/L) could be also useful for the complete nitrate removal and stable nitritation-anammox. 16S rRNA gene-based analyses confirmed a complex microbial community including nitrifiers, denitrifiers and anammox bacteria in the biomass of the reactor. Collectively, this study provides new insights into high-level N-removal of a nitritation-anammox process by complete nitrate depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pian-Pian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Xianhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jiuling Li
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Bing-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Min Zheng
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Huang T, Zhao J, Wang S, Lei L. Fast start-up and enhancement of partial nitritation and anammox process for treating synthetic wastewater in a sequencing bath biofilm reactor: Strategy and function of nitric oxide. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 335:125225. [PMID: 34020874 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the partial nitritation and anammox (PN-A) process was initiated within 30 days in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) by employing pre non-aeration and post non-aeration with fixed aeration rates. The average ammonia removal efficiency (ARE), total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) of 98.5 ± 1.5% and 89.5 ± 1.6% were achieved. By doubling aeration rate and agitation rate and adopting pre non-aeration, the TNRR was promoted from 0.135 ± 0.013 kg N·m-3·d-1 to 0.285 ± 0.015 kg N·m-3·d-1, obtaining an average ARE and TNRE of 97.5 ± 1.5% and 85.5 ± 2.6%. Nitric oxide might induce anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (AnAOB) during the start-up stage, and could be an indicator for synergetic state between ammonia oxidation bacteria (AOB) and AnAOB. Lower nitrous oxide emission factor of 0.51% was obtained. The abundance of AOB, AnAOB and nitrite oxidation bacteria (NOB) accounted for 1.6%, 19.3% and 0.3%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Sha Wang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Lei
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
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11
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Xue Y, Ma H, Kong Z, Li YY. Formation Mechanism of hydroxyapatite encapsulation in Anammox-HAP Coupled Granular Sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 193:116861. [PMID: 33548693 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The potential of the formation of anammox-hydroxyapatite (HAP) granule composites as a cost-effective approach to removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the treatment of wastewater has been recently reported. Before these annamox granules, which consist of an anammox biofilm layer and an HAP crystallizing layer, can be used in applications, the formation mechanism of hydroxyapatite (HAP) encapsulation in the granules needs to be further studied. In this work, the role of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secreted by microorganisms and HAP core in Ca and P removal in anammox-HAP coupled granular sludge was investigated. According to the Lamer model, it is possible that the nucleation time of the granules becomes shorter as the crystal seeds. The enhanced buffering capacity of the granules was 0.08 mmol-H+ SS-g-1 with the pH kept above 6.5 for a comfortable environment for anammox. The results of this study show that ion competition and exchange, mainly between cations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ and between anions of PO43- and CO32-, affects the precipitation process. The results of this study indicate that the addition of granule crystal seeds can be used as a strategy to hasten the anammox process, and therefore accelerate the overall process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xue
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Haiyuan Ma
- Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Zhe Kong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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Xu W, Zhang T, Wan J, Li H, Chen Y, Wang Y. Phosphorus recovery via the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals at various nitrogen loading rate in an anammox-based UAFB. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124628. [PMID: 33515914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A strategy that integrates the anammox and hydroxyapatite crystallization in an up-flow anaerobic fixed-bed reactor (UAFB) was investigated to simultaneously remove nitrogen and recover phosphorus. During the 430 days of operation, 73.1 ± 6.6% of influent phosphorus was removed with an efficient nitrogen removal efficiency of 87.8 ± 1.7%. After long-term operation, numerous acicular and micron-sized crystals were observed on the matured biofilm, of which the phosphorus content was around 10.21% (wt%) and hydroxyapatite was the main form of crystals through SEM-EDS, FT-IR and XRD analysis. The variation of substrates along the axial length of UAFB showed that phosphate removal was positively correlated with anammox and pH. Moreover, three anammox bacteria including Candidatus Brocadia (19.73%), Candidatus Jettenia (0.49%) and Candidatus Kuenenia (0.85%) were detected at the bottom of UAFB, while Candidatus Jettenia (4.67%) was dominant at the top. Hence, the anammox-based biofilm system could be alternative for the recovery of phosphorus from nutrient-rich wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Junfeng Wan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environment and Resources, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Haisong Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
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