1
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Aydin HB, Ozcelikkale A, Acar A. Exploiting Matrix Stiffness to Overcome Drug Resistance. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:4682-4700. [PMID: 38967485 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance is arguably one of the biggest challenges facing cancer research today. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance in tumor progression and metastasis are essential in developing better treatment modalities. Given the matrix stiffness affecting the mechanotransduction capabilities of cancer cells, characterization of the related signal transduction pathways can provide a better understanding for developing novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we aimed to summarize the recent advancements in tumor matrix biology in parallel to therapeutic approaches targeting matrix stiffness and its consequences in cellular processes in tumor progression and metastasis. The cellular processes governed by signal transduction pathways and their aberrant activation may result in activating the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stemness, and autophagy, which can be attributed to drug resistance. Developing therapeutic strategies to target these cellular processes in cancer biology will offer novel therapeutic approaches to tailor better personalized treatment modalities for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Berk Aydin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Altug Ozcelikkale
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Acar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Gan WJ, Giri R, Begun J, Abud HE, Hardeman EC, Gunning PW, Yap AS, Noordstra I. A truncation mutant of adenomatous polyposis coli impairs apical cell extrusion through elevated epithelial tissue tension. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38984538 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Tissue tension encompasses the mechanical forces exerted on solid tissues within animal bodies, originating from various sources such as cellular contractility, interactions with neighboring cells and the extracellular matrix. Emerging evidence indicates that an imbalance in such forces can influence structural organization, homeostasis, and potentially contribute to disease. For instance, heightened tissue tension can impede apical cell extrusion, leading to the retention of apoptotic or transformed cells. In this study, we investigate the potential role of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) in modulating tissue tension. Our findings reveal that expression of an APC truncation mutant elevates epithelial tension via the RhoA/ROCK pathway. This elevation induces morphological alterations and hampers apoptotic cell extrusion in cultured epithelial cells and organoids, both of which could be mitigated by pharmacologically restoring the tissue tension. This raises the possibility that APC mutations may exert pathogenetic effects by altering tissue mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan J Gan
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rabina Giri
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jakob Begun
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Helen E Abud
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Development and Stem Cells Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edna C Hardeman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter W Gunning
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alpha S Yap
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ivar Noordstra
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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3
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Yang Y, Han K, Huang S, Wang K, Wang Y, Ding S, Zhang L, Zhang M, Xu B, Ma S, Wang Y, Wu S, Wang X. Revelation of adhesive proteins affecting cellular contractility through reference-free traction force microscopy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3249-3261. [PMID: 38466580 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00065j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the critical role played by cellular contractility associated mechanotransduction in the regulation of cell functions has been revealed. In this case, numerous biomaterials have been chemically or structurally designed to manipulate cell behaviors through the regulation of cellular contractility. In particular, adhesive proteins including fibronectin, poly-L-lysine and collagen type I have been widely applied in various biomaterials to improve cell adhesion. Therefore, clarifying the effects of adhesive proteins on cellular contractility has been valuable for the development of biomaterial design. In this study, reference-free traction force microscopy with a well-organized microdot array was designed and prepared to investigate the relationship between adhesive proteins, cellular contractility, and mechanotransduction. The results showed that fibronectin and collagen type I were able to promote the assembly of focal adhesions and further enhance cellular contraction and YAP activity. In contrast, although poly-L-lysine supported cell spreading and elongation, it was inefficient at inducing cell contractility and activating YAP. Additionally, compared with cellular morphogenesis, cellular contraction was essential for YAP activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Yang
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, P. R. China
| | - Kuankuan Han
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Shukai Ding
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Le Zhang
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Bingshe Xu
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shufang Ma
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, School of Physics & Information Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shengli Wu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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4
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Bock F, Dong X, Li S, Viquez OM, Sha E, Tantengco M, Hennen EM, Plosa E, Ramezani A, Brown KL, Whang YM, Terker AS, Arroyo JP, Harrison DG, Fogo A, Brakebusch CH, Pozzi A, Zent R. Rac1 promotes kidney collecting duct repair by mechanically coupling cell morphology to mitotic entry. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi7840. [PMID: 38324689 PMCID: PMC10849615 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi7840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Prolonged obstruction of the ureter, which leads to injury of the kidney collecting ducts, results in permanent structural damage, while early reversal allows for repair. Cell structure is defined by the actin cytoskeleton, which is dynamically organized by small Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases). In this study, we identified the Rho GTPase, Rac1, as a driver of postobstructive kidney collecting duct repair. After the relief of ureteric obstruction, Rac1 promoted actin cytoskeletal reconstitution, which was required to maintain normal mitotic morphology allowing for successful cell division. Mechanistically, Rac1 restricted excessive actomyosin activity that stabilized the negative mitotic entry kinase Wee1. This mechanism ensured mechanical G2-M checkpoint stability and prevented premature mitotic entry. The repair defects following injury could be rescued by direct myosin inhibition. Thus, Rac1-dependent control of the actin cytoskeleton integrates with the cell cycle to mediate kidney tubular repair by preventing dysmorphic cells from entering cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Bock
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xinyu Dong
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shensen Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Olga M. Viquez
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eric Sha
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Matthew Tantengco
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Hennen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Erin Plosa
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alireza Ramezani
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantitative Modeling in Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Kyle L. Brown
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Young Mi Whang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andrew S. Terker
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Arroyo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David G. Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Agnes Fogo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cord H. Brakebusch
- Biotech Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Ambra Pozzi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Roy Zent
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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5
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Schimmel L, Noordstra I. Epithelial cell spreading assay on E-cadherin-coated glass or PDMS substrates for microscopy-based analysis of cadherin adhesions. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102626. [PMID: 37792537 PMCID: PMC10568414 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adherens junctions (AJs) are multi-protein adhesion structures that couple contractile actomyosin networks of epithelial cells within a tissue. Here, we present an epithelial cell spreading assay on E-cadherin-coated glass or polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates for detailed microscopy-based analysis of cadherin adhesions. We describe steps for preparation of glass coverslips and PDMS gels, E-cadherin coating, and epithelial cell spreading. Epithelial cells can be seeded on E-cadherin-coated surfaces, thereby mimicking AJ formation in X-Y dimension, making it suitable for microscopy analysis. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Noordstra et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Schimmel
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ivar Noordstra
- Centre for Cell Biology of Chronic Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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6
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Gil‐Redondo JC, Weber A, Vivanco MDM, Toca‐Herrera JL. Measuring (biological) materials mechanics with atomic force microscopy. 5. Traction force microscopy (cell traction forces). Microsc Res Tech 2023; 86:1069-1078. [PMID: 37345422 PMCID: PMC10952526 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Cells generate traction forces to probe the mechanical properties of the surroundings and maintain a basal equilibrium state of stress. Traction forces are also implicated in cell migration, adhesion and ECM remodeling, and alteration of these forces is often observed in pathologies such as cancer. Thus, analyzing the traction forces is important for studies of cell mechanics in cancer and metastasis. In this primer, the methodology for conducting two-dimensional traction force microscopy (2D-TFM) experiments is reported. As a practical example, we analyzed the traction forces generated by three human breast cancer cell lines of different metastatic potential: MCF10-A, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and studied the effects of actin cytoskeleton disruption on those traction forces. Contrary to what is often reported in literature, lower traction forces were observed in cells with higher metastatic potential (MDA-MB-231). Implications of substrate stiffness and concentration of extracellular matrix proteins in such findings are discussed in the text. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Traction force microscopy (TFM) is suitable for studying and quantifying cell-substrate and cell-cell forces. TFM is suitable for investigating the relationship between chemical to mechanical signal transduction and vice versa. TFM can be combined with classical indentation studies providing a compact picture of cell mechanics. TFM still needs new physico-chemical (sample preparation) and computational approaches for more accurate data evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Gil‐Redondo
- Institute of Biophysics, Department of BionanosciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Andreas Weber
- Institute of Biophysics, Department of BionanosciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Maria dM. Vivanco
- Cancer Heterogeneity Lab, CIC BioGUNEBasque Research and Technology Alliance, BRTABizkaia Technology ParkDerioSpain
| | - José L. Toca‐Herrera
- Institute of Biophysics, Department of BionanosciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaViennaAustria
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7
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Delanoë-Ayari H, Hiraiwa T, Marcq P, Rieu JP, Saw TB. 2.5D Traction Force Microscopy: Imaging three-dimensional cell forces at interfaces and biological applications. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 161:106432. [PMID: 37290687 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The forces that cells, tissues, and organisms exert on the surface of a soft substrate can be measured using Traction Force Microscopy (TFM), an important and well-established technique in Mechanobiology. The usual TFM technique (two-dimensional, 2D TFM) treats only the in-plane component of the traction forces and omits the out-of-plane forces at the substrate interfaces (2.5D) that turn out to be important in many biological processes such as tissue migration and tumour invasion. Here, we review the imaging, material, and analytical tools to perform "2.5D TFM" and explain how they are different from 2D TFM. Challenges in 2.5D TFM arise primarily from the need to work with a lower imaging resolution in the z-direction, track fiducial markers in three-dimensions, and reliably and efficiently reconstruct mechanical stress from substrate deformation fields. We also discuss how 2.5D TFM can be used to image, map, and understand the complete force vectors in various important biological events of various length-scales happening at two-dimensional interfaces, including focal adhesions forces, cell diapedesis across tissue monolayers, the formation of three-dimensional tissue structures, and the locomotion of large multicellular organisms. We close with future perspectives including the use of new materials, imaging and machine learning techniques to continuously improve the 2.5D TFM in terms of imaging resolution, speed, and faithfulness of the force reconstruction procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Delanoë-Ayari
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Tetsuya Hiraiwa
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Philippe Marcq
- Laboratoire Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7636, ESPCI, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Paul Rieu
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Thuan Beng Saw
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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8
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López-Guajardo A, Zafar A, Al Hennawi K, Rossi V, Alrwaili A, Medcalf JD, Dunning M, Nordgren N, Pettersson T, Estabrook ID, Hawkins RJ, Gad AKB. Regulation of cellular contractile force, shape and migration of fibroblasts by oncogenes and Histone deacetylase 6. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1197814. [PMID: 37564130 PMCID: PMC10411354 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1197814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The capacity of cells to adhere to, exert forces upon and migrate through their surrounding environment governs tissue regeneration and cancer metastasis. The role of the physical contractile forces that cells exert in this process, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We, therefore, aimed to clarify if the extracellular forces that cells exert on their environment and/or the intracellular forces that deform the cell nucleus, and the link between these forces, are defective in transformed and invasive fibroblasts, and to indicate the underlying molecular mechanism of control. Confocal, Epifluorescence and Traction force microscopy, followed by computational analysis, showed an increased maximum contractile force that cells apply on their environment and a decreased intracellular force on the cell nucleus in the invasive fibroblasts, as compared to normal control cells. Loss of HDAC6 activity by tubacin-treatment and siRNA-mediated HDAC6 knockdown also reversed the reduced size and more circular shape and defective migration of the transformed and invasive cells to normal. However, only tubacin-mediated, and not siRNA knockdown reversed the increased force of the invasive cells on their surrounding environment to normal, with no effects on nuclear forces. We observed that the forces on the environment and the nucleus were weakly positively correlated, with the exception of HDAC6 siRNA-treated cells, in which the correlation was weakly negative. The transformed and invasive fibroblasts showed an increased number and smaller cell-matrix adhesions than control, and neither tubacin-treatment, nor HDAC6 knockdown reversed this phenotype to normal, but instead increased it further. This highlights the possibility that the control of contractile force requires separate functions of HDAC6, than the control of cell adhesions, spreading and shape. These data are consistent with the possibility that defective force-transduction from the extracellular environment to the nucleus contributes to metastasis, via a mechanism that depends upon HDAC6. To our knowledge, our findings present the first correlation between the cellular forces that deforms the surrounding environment and the nucleus in fibroblasts, and it expands our understanding of how cells generate contractile forces that contribute to cell invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-Guajardo
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Azeer Zafar
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Khairat Al Hennawi
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Rossi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Abdulaziz Alrwaili
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica D. Medcalf
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Dunning
- Bioinformatics Core, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Niklas Nordgren
- Division Bioeconomy and Health, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Pettersson
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ian D. Estabrook
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rhoda J. Hawkins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Accra, Ghana
| | - Annica K. B. Gad
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Madeira Chemistry Research Centre, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Muenkel M, Aparicio-Yuste R, Tal MC, Kraiczy P, Bastounis EE. Spatiotemporal characterization of endothelial cell motility and physical forces during exposure to Borrelia burgdorferi. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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10
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Kim HR, Warrington SJ, López-Guajardo A, Al Hennawi K, Cook SL, Griffith ZDJ, Symmes D, Zhang T, Qu Z, Xu Y, Chen R, Gad AKB. ALD-R491 regulates vimentin filament stability and solubility, cell contractile force, cell migration speed and directionality. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:926283. [PMID: 36483676 PMCID: PMC9723350 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.926283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasizing cells express the intermediate filament protein vimentin, which is used to diagnose invasive tumors in the clinic. However, the role of vimentin in cell motility, and if the assembly of non-filamentous variants of vimentin into filaments regulates cell migration remains unclear. We observed that the vimentin-targeting drug ALD-R491 increased the stability of vimentin filaments, by reducing filament assembly and/or disassembly. ALD-R491-treatment also resulted in more bundled and disorganized filaments and an increased pool of non-filamentous vimentin. This was accompanied by a reduction in size of cell-matrix adhesions and increased cellular contractile forces. Moreover, during cell migration, cells showed erratic formation of lamellipodia at the cell periphery, loss of coordinated cell movement, reduced cell migration speed, directionality and an elongated cell shape with long thin extensions at the rear that often detached. Taken together, these results indicate that the stability of vimentin filaments and the soluble pool of vimentin regulate the speed and directionality of cell migration and the capacity of cells to migrate in a mechanically cohesive manner. These observations suggest that the stability of vimentin filaments governs the adhesive, physical and migratory properties of cells, and expands our understanding of vimentin functions in health and disease, including cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejeong Rosemary Kim
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ana López-Guajardo
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Khairat Al Hennawi
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L. Cook
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Zak D. J. Griffith
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Deebie Symmes
- Aluda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Tao Zhang
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Qu
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Cambridge-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruihuan Chen
- Aluda Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Annica K. B. Gad
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Madeira Chemistry Research Centre, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
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11
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Hu X, Roy SR, Jin C, Li G, Zhang Q, Asano N, Asahina S, Kajiwara T, Takahara A, Feng B, Aoki K, Xu C, Zhang Y. Control cell migration by engineering integrin ligand assembly. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5002. [PMID: 36008449 PMCID: PMC9411606 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in mechanistic understanding of integrin-mediated adhesion highlight the importance of precise control of ligand presentation in directing cell migration. Top-down nanopatterning limited the spatial presentation to sub-micron placing restrictions on both fundamental study and biomedical applications. To break the constraint, here we propose a bottom-up nanofabrication strategy to enhance the spatial resolution to the molecular level using simple formulation that is applicable as treatment agent. Via self-assembly and co-assembly, precise control of ligand presentation is succeeded by varying the proportions of assembling ligand and nonfunctional peptide. Assembled nanofilaments fulfill multi-functions exerting enhancement to suppression effect on cell migration with tunable amplitudes. Self-assembled nanofilaments possessing by far the highest ligand density prevent integrin/actin disassembly at cell rear, which expands the perspective of ligand-density-dependent-modulation, revealing valuable inputs to therapeutic innovations in tumor metastasis. Engineering peptide assembly that controls integrin ligand presentation on the molecular level possesses by far the highest ligand density, expanding the perspective of ligand-density-dependent modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunwu Hu
- Active Soft Matter Group, CAS Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, China.,Bioinspired Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Sona Rani Roy
- Bioinspired Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chengzhi Jin
- Bioinspired Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanying Li
- Bioinspired Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.,Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qizheng Zhang
- Bioinspired Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | | | - Tomoko Kajiwara
- Research Center for Negative Emission Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahara
- Research Center for Negative Emission Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Bolu Feng
- Fluid Mechanics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Division of Quantitative Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan.,Quantitative Biology Research Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Basic Biology, School of Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Aichi, Japan
| | - Chenjie Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ye Zhang
- Active Soft Matter Group, CAS Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, China. .,Bioinspired Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.
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12
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Cheesbrough A, Sciscione F, Riccio F, Harley P, R'Bibo L, Ziakas G, Darbyshire A, Lieberam I, Song W. Biobased Elastomer Nanofibers Guide Light-Controlled Human-iPSC-Derived Skeletal Myofibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110441. [PMID: 35231133 PMCID: PMC9131876 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Generating skeletal muscle tissue that mimics the cellular alignment, maturation, and function of native skeletal muscle is an ongoing challenge in disease modeling and regenerative therapies. Skeletal muscle cultures require extracellular guidance and mechanical support to stabilize contractile myofibers. Existing microfabrication-based solutions are limited by complex fabrication steps, low throughput, and challenges in measuring dynamic contractile function. Here, the synthesis and characterization of a new biobased nanohybrid elastomer, which is electrospun into aligned nanofiber sheets to mimic the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix, is presented. The polymer exhibits remarkable hyperelasticity well-matched to that of native skeletal muscle (≈11-50 kPa), with ultimate strain ≈1000%, and elastic modulus ≈25 kPa. Uniaxially aligned nanofibers guide myoblast alignment, enhance sarcomere formation, and promote a ≈32% increase in myotube fusion and ≈50% increase in myofiber maturation. The elastomer nanofibers stabilize optogenetically controlled human induced pluripotent stem cell derived skeletal myofibers. When activated by blue light, the myofiber-nanofiber hybrid constructs maintain a significantly higher (>200%) contraction velocity and specific force (>280%) compared to conventional culture methods. The engineered myofibers exhibit a power density of ≈35 W m-3 . This system is a promising new skeletal muscle tissue model for applications in muscular disease modeling, drug discovery, and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Cheesbrough
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Fabiola Sciscione
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Federica Riccio
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Peter Harley
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Lea R'Bibo
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Georgios Ziakas
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Arnold Darbyshire
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Ivo Lieberam
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Wenhui Song
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
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13
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Yang Q, Liberali P. Collective behaviours in organoids. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2021; 72:81-90. [PMID: 34332339 PMCID: PMC8533486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Collective behaviour emerges from interacting units within communities, such as migrating herds, swimming fish schools, and cells within tissues. At the microscopic level, collective behaviours include collective cell migration in development and cancer invasion, rhythmic gene expression in pattern formation, cell competition in homeostasis and cancer, force generation and mechano-sensing in morphogenesis. Studying the initiation and the maintenance of collective cell behaviours is key to understand the principles of development, regeneration and disease. However, the manifold influences of contributing factors in in vivo environments challenge the dissection of causalities in animal models. As an alternative model that has emerged to overcome this difficulty, in vitro three-dimensional organoid cultures provide a reductionist approach yet retain similarities with the in vivo tissue in cellular composition and tissue organisation. Here, we focus on recent progresses in studying collective behaviours in different organoid systems and discuss their advantages and the possibility of improvement for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiutan Yang
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Prisca Liberali
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel. Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
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14
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Bastounis EE, Radhakrishnan P, Prinz CK, Theriot JA. Volume measurement and biophysical characterization of mounds in epithelial monolayers after intracellular bacterial infection. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100551. [PMID: 34095865 PMCID: PMC8165451 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces are important in (patho)physiological processes, including how host epithelial cells interact with intracellular bacterial pathogens. As these pathogens disseminate within host epithelial monolayers, large mounds of infected cells are formed due to the forceful action of surrounding uninfected cells, limiting bacterial spread across the basal cell monolayer. Here, we present a protocol for mound volume measurement and biophysical characterization of mound formation. Modifications to this protocol may be necessary for studying different host cell types or pathogenic organisms. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Bastounis et al. (2021). Protocol allows for formation of mounds of extruded infected cells in cell monolayers Confocal microscopy and image processing to calculate volume of extruded domains Laser wounding protocol for tension estimation built around mounds TFM incorporated to measure traction stresses of infected mounders and surrounders
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Affiliation(s)
- Effie E Bastounis
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Cluster of Excellence "Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections" (CMFI, EXC 2124), University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72074, Germany
| | - Prathima Radhakrishnan
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Christopher K Prinz
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Julie A Theriot
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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15
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Mishra YG, Manavathi B. Focal adhesion dynamics in cellular function and disease. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110046. [PMID: 34004332 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acting as a bridge between the cytoskeleton of the cell and the extra cellular matrix (ECM), the cell-ECM adhesions with integrins at their core, play a major role in cell signalling to direct mechanotransduction, cell migration, cell cycle progression, proliferation, differentiation, growth and repair. Biochemically, these adhesions are composed of diverse, yet an organised group of structural proteins, receptors, adaptors, various enzymes including protein kinases, phosphatases, GTPases, proteases, etc. as well as scaffolding molecules. The major integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) characterised are focal adhesions (FAs), invadosomes (podosomes and invadopodia), hemidesmosomes (HDs) and reticular adhesions (RAs). The varied composition and regulation of the IACs and their signalling, apart from being an integral part of normal cell survival, has been shown to be of paramount importance in various developmental and pathological processes. This review per-illustrates the recent advancements in the research of IACs, their crucial roles in normal as well as diseased states. We have also touched on few of the various methods that have been developed over the years to visualise IACs, measure the forces they exert and study their signalling and molecular composition. Having such pertinent roles in the context of various pathologies, these IACs need to be understood and studied to develop therapeutical targets. We have given an update to the studies done in recent years and described various techniques which have been applied to study these structures, thereby, providing context in furthering research with respect to IAC targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaswi Gayatri Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Bramanandam Manavathi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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16
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Zhao J, Wang R, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Qiao S, Crouzier T, Yan H, Tian W. A novel 4D cell culture mimicking stomach peristalsis altered gastric cancer spheroids growth and malignance. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 33836517 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abf6bf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In vitrocancer models that can largely mimic thein vivomicroenvironment are crucial for conducting more accurate research. Models of three-dimensional (3D) culture that can mimic some aspects of cancer microenvironment or cancer biopsies that can adequately represent tumor heterogeneity are intensely used currently. Those models still lack the dynamic stress stimuli in gastric carcinoma exposed to stomach peristalsisin vivo. This study leveraged a lab-developed four-dimensional (4D) culture model by a magnetic responsive alginate-based hydrogel to rotating magnets that can mimic stress stimuli in gastric cancer (GC). We used the 4D model to culture human GC cell line AGS and SGC7901, cells at the primary and metastasis stage. We revealed the 4D model altered the cancer cell growth kinetics mechanistically by alteringPCNAandp53expression compared to the 3D culture that lacks stress stimuli. We found the 4D model altered the cancer spheroids stemness as evidenced by enhanced cancer stem cells (CD44) marker expression in AGS spheroids but the expression was dampened in SGC7901 cells. We examined the multi-drug resistance (MDR1) marker expression and found the 4D model dampened the MDR1 expression in SGC7901 cell spheroids, but not in spheroids of AGS cells. Such a model provides the stomach peristalsis mimic and is promising for conducting basic or translational GC-associated research, drug screening, and culturing patient gastric biopsies to tailor the therapeutic strategies in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juzhi Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufang Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shupei Qiao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Thomas Crouzier
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,AIMES-Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hongji Yan
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,AIMES-Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weiming Tian
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
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