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Atan G, Oruç FG, Atan K. Assessment of stigmatization and self-esteem in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 156:109847. [PMID: 38788660 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to examine the relationship between stigmatization and self-esteem of patients with epilepsy. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with 216 patients at a university hospital in Van, a province in eastern Turkey. The researcher prepared the data collection tools, including a personal information form, Jacoby Stigma Scale and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, in line with the literature. The Jacoby stigma scale was applied to assess stigma. Data analysis was performed using t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey, LSD coefficient. RESULTS The mean total stigmatization score of patients with epilepsy was 21.11 ± 10.00, while the mean total self-esteem score was 20.26 ± 5.16. The study found a significant negative correlation between stigmatization and self-esteem scores (r = -0.411; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The research study revealed that patient with epilepsy have a high perception of stigma and low selfesteem levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülden Atan
- School of Health, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, TURKEY.
| | | | - Kemal Atan
- Dursun Odabaş Medical Center, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, TURKEY.
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Demir E, Demircioğlu H. A reliability generalization meta-analysis of the family resilience assessment scale (FRAS). J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 77:e150-e157. [PMID: 38604943 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
PROBLEM Practitioners and researchers frequently rely on the Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS) to assess family resilience, and previous research reported varying reliability statistics for the measurements with the scale. The present study aims to generalize the reliability of the FRAS based on Cronbach's alpha coefficients reported in the selected studies. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA We selected relevant research on various databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, YÖK Thesis Center, DergiPark, and TR Index. SAMPLE Satisfying our inclusion criteria, fifty-five studies were included in the present study. RESULTS We calculated the reliability generalization coefficients for the FRAS total score to be 0.951 (95% CI [0.942, 0.958]) and 0.949 for Family Communication and Problem Solving, 0.792 for Utilizing Social and Economic Resources, 0.861 for Maintaining a Positive Outlook, 0.635 for Family Connectedness, 0.873 for Family Spirituality, and 0.702 for Ability to Make Meaning of Adversity. CONCLUSIONS In a nutshell, our findings secure substantial insights into the reliability of the FRAS and its subscales for prospective researchers and practitioners. In this study, generalized Cronbach's alpha values imply average, good, and acceptable reliability for the FRAS subscales and total score, except for Family Connectedness. IMPLICATIONS The distinct contribution of our research may be to reemphasize the significance of avoiding reliability induction and to raise awareness among prospective researchers of evaluating the reliability of any measurement they would obtain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Demir
- Department of Child Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tarsus University, Tarsus/Mersin, Türkiye.
| | - Haktan Demircioğlu
- Department of Child Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Chen M, Ren L, Jiang H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Dong C. Discrepancies in perceived family resilience between adolescents with chronic illness and parents: using response surface analysis to examine the relationship with adolescents' psychological adjustment. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:475. [PMID: 38937737 PMCID: PMC11210177 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore discrepancies in adolescents with chronic illness and their parents' perceptions of family resilience, as well as the relationship between these differences and the psychological adjustment of adolescents with chronic illness. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 264 dyads of parents (77.7% mothers, mean age 41.60 years, SD = 6.17) and adolescents (48.5% girls, mean age 12.68 years, SD = 2.11) with chronic illness were recruited through convenience sampling from three children's hospitals in Wenzhou, Hangzhou, and Shanghai, China between June 2022 and May 2023. The Chinese version of the Family Resilience Scale and the Psychological Adjustment Scale, which are commonly used measures with good reliability and validity, were employed to assess family resilience and psychological adaption, respectively. The data were analyzed using polynomial regression and response surface analysis. RESULTS Adolescents with chronic illness reported higher family resilience than their parents (t=-2.80, p < 0.05). The correlations between family resilience and adolescents' psychological adjustment reported by the adolescents (r = 0.45-0.48) were higher than parents (r = 0.18-0.23). In the line of congruence, there were positive linear (a1 = 1.09-1.60, p < 0.001) and curvilinear (a2=-1.38∼-0.72, p < 0.05) associations between convergent family resilience and adolescents' psychological adjustment. In the line of incongruence, when adolescents reported lower family resilience than parents, adolescents had a lower level of psychological adjustment (a3=-1.02∼-0.45, p < 0.05). Adolescents' sociability decreased when the perceived family resilience of parent-adolescent dyads converged (a4 = 1.36, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The findings highlighted the importance of considering the discrepancies and congruence of family resilience in the parent-child dyads when developing interventions to improve the psychological adjustment of adolescents with chronic illness. Interventions aimed at strengthening family communication to foster the convergence of perceptions of family resilience in parent-adolescent dyads were warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijia Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liya Ren
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
- Clinical Skills Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Chaoqun Dong
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Motioleslam M, Fereidooni-Moghadam M, Etemadifar M, Mohebi Z. Medication adherence and its relationship with self-esteem among patients with epilepsy in Isfahan, Iran. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 155:109776. [PMID: 38636147 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Medication adherence is of utmost importance in achieving the desired therapeutic outcome and effectively managing seizures in patients with epilepsy (PWE). It is imperative to recognize self-esteem as a psychological determinant that potentially influences the optimal compliance with anti-seizure medications (ASMs) among PWE. The objective of this study was to explore medication adherence and its relationship with self-esteem among individuals diagnosed with epilepsy in Isfahan, Iran. METHODS This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in the year 2021, encompassing a cohort of 250 PWE who were referred to designated medical facilities in Isfahan, Iran, and were selected by the consecutive sampling technique. A 3-part instrument including demographic components, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Morissky Drug Adherence Questionnaire employed for data collection. RESULTS The mean and standard deviation of adherence to the medicinal regimen in the participants were 6.9 ± 2.02, and 46.4 % had a low level of adherence to the medication regimen (total score 0-6). At the same time, the mean and standard deviation of self-esteem in these patients was 5.11 ± 2.11. There was a statistically significant and direct correlation between adherence to the prescribed drug regimen and self-esteem (rs = 0.464, p = 0.00). CONCLUSION Based on the findings of the study that showed a statistically significant and positive correlation between self-esteem and adherence to the medication regimen, it is advisable to enhance and advocate for these factors in PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moien Motioleslam
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Malek Fereidooni-Moghadam
- Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | | | - Zeinab Mohebi
- Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Self-promotion and online shaming during COVID-19: A toxic combination. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT DATA INSIGHTS 2022; 2. [PMCID: PMC9444892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjimei.2022.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
A public shaming frenzy has spread through social media (SM) following the instigation of lockdown policies as a way to counter the spread of COVID-19. On SM, individuals shun the idea of self-promotion and shame others who do not follow the COVID-19 guidelines. When it comes to the crime of not taking a pandemic seriously, perhaps the ultimate penalty is online shaming. The study proposes the black swan theory from the human-computer interaction lens and examines the toxic combination of online shaming and self-promotion in SM to discern whether pointing the finger of blame is a productive way of changing rule-breaking behaviour. A quantitative methodology is applied to survey data, acquired from 375 respondents. The findings reveal that the adverse effect of online shaming results in self-destructive behaviour. Change in behaviour of individuals shamed online is higher for females over males and is higher for adults over middle-aged and older-aged.
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Rabiei DL, Lotfizadeh DM, Karimi Z, Masoudi DR. The effects of self-management education and support on self-efficacy, self-esteem, and quality of life among patients with epilepsy. Seizure 2022; 102:96-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Gargiulo ÁJ, Sarudiansky M, Videla A, Lombardi N, Korman GP, Oddo S, D Alessio L. Perceived stress, resilience, and stress coping in patients with drug resistant epilepsy and functional dissociative seizures. Seizure 2022; 101:141-148. [PMID: 36027685 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Depression and anxiety are psychiatric disorders related to chronic stress, commonly found in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and functional dissociative seizures (FDS). The present study compares the levels of perceived stress, resilience, and the styles of stress coping among patients with DRE (n=60), FDS (n=28), and controls (n=31). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study. All patients underwent Video Electroencephalography to confirm the diagnosis and completed the psychiatric assessment (SCID I and II of DSM IV) supported by several instruments validated in Spanish. RESULTS FDS scored higher in perceived stress (p = 0.004) with lower levels of resilience compared to controls (p = 0.01). Stress coping subscales show higher scores in negative self-focus and hostility in patients with FDS compared to controls (p=0.003). Similarly, DRE patients scored higher in perceived stress (p = 0.001), and presented lower levels of resilience (p = 0.004) with higher levels of hostility compared to controls (p=0.02). However, no significant differences were found between FDS and DRE on stress coping variables. Anxiety scores and depression rates were higher in the FDS group compared to DRE (p=0.008) and higher in DRE compared to controls (p<0.05). A positive correlation between depression and perceived stress was found (r = 0.6, p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our results delineate a more detailed picture of the psychological profile of this population, emphasizing the importance of stress factors in patients with FDS and DRE. Combined intervention strategies which enhance stress coping may be appropriate to direct treatment and psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Jm Gargiulo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, IBCN (Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias)-CONICET, Argentina; Centro de Epilepsia del Hospital El Cruce, Estudios en Neurociencias y Sistemas Complejos (ENyS), Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Epilepsia del Hospital Ramos Mejía.
| | - Mercedes Sarudiansky
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Psicología- CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Videla
- Jefe de departamento de neumonología del Hospital Universitario Austral (HUA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Lombardi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Epilepsia del Hospital Ramos Mejía
| | - Guido P Korman
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Psicología- CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Epilepsia del Hospital Ramos Mejía
| | - Silvia Oddo
- Centro de Epilepsia del Hospital El Cruce, Estudios en Neurociencias y Sistemas Complejos (ENyS), Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Epilepsia del Hospital Ramos Mejía
| | - Luciana D Alessio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, IBCN (Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias)-CONICET, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Epilepsia del Hospital Ramos Mejía
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Chow TS, Tang CSK, Siu TSU, Kwok HSH. Family Resilience Scale Short Form (FRS16): Validation in the US and Chinese Samples. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:845803. [PMID: 35633805 PMCID: PMC9136042 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.845803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Family resilience, which refers to the processes through which a family adapts to and thrives from adversities, has growing importance in recent years. In response to the need for further research on family resilience, the present research aims to abbreviate and validate Sixbey's Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS) into a 16-item version Family Resilience Scale Short Form in the US (FRS16) and Chinese (FRS16_C) samples. The samples included 1,236 (Study 1) and 1,135 (Study 2) participants from the US and China, respectively. Results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the proposed three-factor structure of FRS16: Family Communication and Connectedness, Positive Framing, and External Support across two samples. Overall, the reliability and validity of full and subscales of FRS16 and FRS16_C were satisfactory. Multi-group CFA revealed that both configural and metric invariance are supported, suggesting that participants in the US and Chinese samples assign comparable meaning to the latent factors of FRS16. Results suggested that FRS16 and FRS16_C are valid instruments for family resilience in the US and Chinese samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tak Sang Chow
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Wan Chow Yuk Fan Centre for Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Practice and Research, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Catherine So Kum Tang
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Wan Chow Yuk Fan Centre for Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Practice and Research, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tiffany Sok U Siu
- Wan Chow Yuk Fan Centre for Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Practice and Research, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Helen Sin Hang Kwok
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Laporte G, De Clifford-Faugère G, Aita M. Cross-cultural adaptations of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale: a systematic review protocol of measurement properties. JBI Evid Synth 2021; 20:708-714. [PMID: 34506352 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-21-00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The review aims to critically appraise the measurement properties and adaptation processes of all cross-cultural adaptations of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale. BACKGROUND A number of family resilience instruments have been developed over the past decade; however, the Family Resilience Assessment Scale reports the best psychometric properties among populations with health issues. Since its publication in 2005, numerous translations and adaptations have been undertaken to use with culturally diverse populations. A systematic review of the properties of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale's cross-cultural adaptations is needed to evaluate the adapted versions' quality (validity, reliability, and responsiveness). INCLUSION CRITERIA Studies of interest include validation and cross-cultural adaptation studies of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale as well as research publications reporting psychometric properties of cross-cultural adaptations in specific populations. METHODS Nine databases will be consulted: CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, PubPsych, Health and Psychosocial Instruments database, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. The search will be limited to publications since 2005 without language restrictions. Articles will be screened by two independent reviewers and will undergo risk of bias assessment. The measurement properties of retrieved instruments will be assessed following COSMIN guidelines. Data extraction will be piloted and completed by two independent reviewers using an adapted extraction form. Psychometric properties will be reported in a narrative synthesis and further supported by a summary table. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO (CRD42020219938).
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Laporte
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada Faculté des Sciences Médicales et Paramédicales, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France Quebec Network on Nursing Intervention Research (RRISIQ), Montreal, QC, Canada
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Dong C, Wu Q, Pan Y, Yan Q, Xu R, Zhang R. Family Resilience and Its Association with Psychosocial Adjustment of Children with Chronic Illness: A Latent Profile Analysis. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 60:e6-e12. [PMID: 33622641 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of family resilience in a sample of Chinese families with children diagnosed with chronic illness using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). In particular, we examined the association of family resilience profiles with the psychosocial adjustment of children, and identified the socio-demographic correlates of these latent profiles. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at comprehensive hospitals and children hospitals in three cities (Hangzhou, Ningbo and Wenzhou) of Zhejiang province, China. Parents (n = 277) of children diagnosed with a chronic illness completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Chinese version of the family resilience assessment scale, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. RESULTS A three-class solution was found to demonstrate the best fit [low family resilience (74.7%), moderate family resilience (14.1%), and high family resilience (11.2%)]. One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences between the three groups with respect to peer relationship problems and pro-social behaviors of children. On multinomial logistic regression analysis, the type of childhood chronic disease, time since diagnosis, family monthly income, medical insurance, and parents employment status significantly predicted the profile membership. CONCLUSION Inadequate family resilience was found to be a common phenomenon in families with children affected by chronic illness. Family resilience profiles were associated with psychological adjustment of children. PRACTICE IMPLICATION Our findings may help inform tailored family-strength based interventions to promote better psychosocial adjustment of children with chronic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Dong
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, China.
| | - Qianhui Wu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yinzhu Pan
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Qiaoyi Yan
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Ru Xu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Ruikang Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, China
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Gonzalez O, MacKinnon DP. The measurement of the mediator and its influence on statistical mediation conclusions. Psychol Methods 2021; 26:1-17. [PMID: 32175754 PMCID: PMC7492484 DOI: 10.1037/met0000263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In psychology, the causal process between 2 variables can be studied with statistical mediation analysis. To make a causal interpretation about the relation between variables, researchers who use the statistical mediation model make many assumptions about the variables in the model, among which are measurement assumptions about the mediator. For example, researchers often assume that the measure of the mediator yields scores that are reliable and that have a valid interpretation. In this article, we address how several measurement challenges affect the conclusions of statistical mediation analysis, and how researchers can use different psychometric models to study theoretically different causal processes. We use simulated data sets to illustrate how 10 well-fitting and theoretically sound statistical mediation models could significantly detect the indirect effect or miss it entirely depending on how the mediator is represented in the model. In the example, power to detect the indirect effect varied by the amount of true mediator variance that the psychometric model of the mediator was able to isolate. Different strategies to incorporate psychometric methods into mediation research are discussed and future directions are considered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Onwuakagba IU, Okoye EC, Obi GC, Okoye EA, Akosile CO, Akobundu UN. Community integration, self-esteem, and perceived stigma in a Nigerian sample with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 112:107392. [PMID: 32882632 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the levels, interrelationships, and associated factors of community integration (CI), perceived stigma (PS), and self-esteem in people living with epilepsy (PWE) in Anambra and Enugu States of south-east Nigeria. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey involving 70 consenting adults living with epilepsy consecutively recruited from three purposively sampled specialized clinics in Anambra State. The Reintegration to Normal Living Index, the Epilepsy Stigma Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used to estimate CI, PS, and self-esteem, respectively among the participants. Data were analyzed at 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS The mean age of the participants (28.6% females) was 34.91 ± 16.21 years. The participants had moderate PS score (43.54 ± 14.20), poor self-esteem score (17.63 ± 6.12), and mild-to-moderately restricted CI score (67.83 ± 24.72). Participants' PS, CI, and self-esteem significantly correlated with one another (p < 0.05) with PS and self-esteem being significant predictors of CI. Participants' PS had a significant correlation with their age at onset of epilepsy, while their self-esteem and CI significantly correlated with their seizure episodes (p < 0.05). Participants' PS and CI were significantly different across different categories of their occupational and educational statuses. Perceived stigma also varied across participants' marital status with divorced participants having the worst score (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION People living with epilepsy had moderate PS, poor self-esteem, and mild-to-moderate CI, which correlated significantly with one another. Results suggest the possibility of using CI as an outcome for assessing the effectiveness of stigma and self-esteem interventions during epilepsy rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoma Uchenna Onwuakagba
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | - Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
| | - Grace Chinyere Obi
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Emeka Augustine Okoye
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Christopher Olusanjo Akosile
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Uzoamaka Nwakego Akobundu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
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Newaz MT, Davis P, Jefferies M, Pillay M. Using a psychological contract of safety to predict safety climate on construction sites. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2019; 68:9-19. [PMID: 30876525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fact that safety climate impacts safety behavior and delivers better safety outcomes is well established in construction. However, the way workers safety perception is inclined and developed is still unclear. METHOD In this research, the influence of supervisors' developing safety climate and its impact on workers' safety behavior and their conceptualization of safety is explored through the lens of the 'Psychological Contract' (PC). More specifically, it is argued that 'Psychological Contract of Safety' (PCS) is a vital factor in explaining how workers attach meaning to a supervisor behavior. Extant research suggests: (a) safety climate is based on the perception of workers regarding safety; and (b) PCS is based on perceived mutual obligations between workers and supervisors. As a result, this research argues that if PCS or mutual obligations between workers and supervisors are fulfilled, then safety climate of the workers will be positively influenced. A model is presented depicting PCS as an alternative intervention in understanding how safety climate could be influenced and predicted by the level of fulfillment of mutual safety obligations. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) the model of the PCS is validated with data collected from a mega-construction project in Australia. RESULTS The results suggest that to have a positive and strong safety climate, top-level managers must ensure that mutual safety obligations between supervisor and workers are fulfilled. This enables the PCS to be introduced as a new 'predictor' of safety climate. Practical applications: The novel outcome of the research could be considered as a management intervention to modify supervisors' behavior to produce better safety outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tanvi Newaz
- School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Peter Davis
- School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Marcus Jefferies
- School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - Manikam Pillay
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Australia.
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An H, Lee S. Returning to Social Life: Development of Social Identity for Adolescent and Young Adult Survivors of Leukemia in Korea. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2018; 36:35-43. [PMID: 30449257 DOI: 10.1177/1043454218810145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate the life experiences and processes that occur as adolescent and young adult leukemia survivors return to social life using grounded theory. METHOD This study comprised 14 adolescents and young adults who visited a hospital for follow-up care after treatment of leukemia. We used in-depth interviews to examine the participants' experiences in returning to social life. The semistructured questionnaire examined "good and bad experiences in returning to social life," "sources of happiness and stress," and "strategies for managing stressful events." RESULTS We extracted 6 categories and 21 concepts from the interviews. We grouped the 6 categories into a core category and three phases: "catching up with others," "discovering myself," and "planning my future." A core category shown through all phases was "fear of recurrence." The "catching up with others" phase included themes of "feeling different from others" and "wanting to be like others." The "discovering myself" phase included "completing one thing at a time" and "recognizing myself as special." The "planning my future" phase included "looking for things I can do." CONCLUSIONS Self-esteem was an important issue for adolescent leukemia survivors; negative illness perception affected self-esteem in both adolescents and young adults. It is important for health care providers to develop programs to help adolescent and young adult leukemia survivors to perceive their disease experiences more positively and to take part in social life, including school life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran An
- 1 Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Sunhee Lee
- 2 The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Chew J, Carpenter J, Haase AM. Young people's experiences of living with epilepsy: The significance of family resilience. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2018; 57:332-354. [PMID: 29474118 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2018.1443195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Young people with chronic illnesses, such as epilepsy, tend to have poorer psychosocial outcomes compared to their peers. Nevertheless, not all young people experience difficulties adapting to living with epilepsy. The aim of this study was to examine family processes, as little is known about their impact on young people's adaptation to the condition. METHOD Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 young people, aged between 13 and 16 years old, to explore their experiences of living with epilepsy from the perspective of family resilience. RESULTS Findings from these interviews provided in-depth descriptions of stressful circumstances encountered and family processes. These processes, which in turn promoted positive adaptation, included shared family beliefs, family connectedness, and communication processes that supported collaborative problem-solving. CONCLUSION Practitioners who support young people living with chronic conditions, such as epilepsy, should consider interventions that promote family connectedness, as it allows young people to turn to their families for support in times of stress. Additionally, it is important to explore young people's beliefs, helping them and their families construct a new sense of normality if necessary. Supporting open communication between family members, where differing views were acknowledged, is likely to be important in facilitating resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Chew
- a Medical Social Work Department , KK Women's and Children's Hospital , Singapore
| | - John Carpenter
- b School for Policy Studies , University of Bristol , Bristol , United Kingdom
| | - Anne M Haase
- b School for Policy Studies , University of Bristol , Bristol , United Kingdom
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Siqueira NF, Oliveira FLBB, de Souza EAP. Impaired responsibility dimension of self-esteem of Brazilian adolescents with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 73:1-5. [PMID: 28605627 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the self-esteem of Brazilian adolescents with epilepsy and Brazilian adolescents without this condition and the correlations between self-esteem of these adolescents with depression and anxiety symptoms. Study participants were 101 adolescents of both sexes, aged 10-19years old, from elementary and high school education. Fifty patients diagnosed with uncomplicated epilepsy attending the pediatric epilepsy clinic of University Hospital composed the case group. The other fifty-one adolescents without this diagnosis were attending public schools in Campinas-SP region. The instruments used were: identification card with demographics and epilepsy data, Multidimensional Self-Esteem Scale, Beck Depression Inventory and Inventory of State-Trait Anxiety - IDATE. A statistically significant result was found in the Responsibility Self-esteem Dimension favoring the control group. Significant correlations between self-esteem scores and anxiety and depression symptoms were also found. The development of a chronic disease such as epilepsy leads to a change in the way the individual perceives himself and the social environment he is inserted, influencing his behavior. The way people with epilepsy experience their seizures is a subjective measure that will control his/her well-being. Childhood and adolescence form the basis for a healthy emotional development; thus, our results show the importance of studying how subjective variables relate to the physical aspects of a chronic disease in these life stages.
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