1
|
Deng Q, Chen L, Zhang G, Liu L, Luo SM, Gao X. TRIAL-based combination therapies in cancers. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112570. [PMID: 38971105 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) shows promising therapeutic potential in cancer treatment as it is able to trigger extrinsic apoptotic pathways by binding to the cognate death receptor, causing broad-spectrum apoptosis in cancer cells with negligible toxicity to normal cells. However, the majority of cancers display resistance to TRAIL, limiting its clinical utility. Overcoming resistance to TRAIL therapies remains a challenge in the development of effective anti-cancer strategies. To address the limitations of TRAIL therapy, a viable alternative approach involves combining TRAIL with more potent drugs compared to monotherapy. This combination strategy aims to induce synergistic effects or sensitize drug-resistant cancer cells. This review provides an overview of relevant modalities of TRAIL combination therapy, highlighting different drug classes. The findings demonstrate that combining TRAIL with other agents can effectively counteract resistance observed with TRAIL therapies in cancer. These findings lay a foundation for future advancements in TRAIL-based therapies for treating various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiumin Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Luxuan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Gui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Langxia Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shi-Ming Luo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Reproductive Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, China.
| | - Xuejuan Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim JH, Lee J, Im SS, Kim B, Kim EY, Min HJ, Heo J, Chang EJ, Choi KC, Shin DM, Son J. Glutamine-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP underlies resistance to TRAIL in pancreatic cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1013-1026. [PMID: 38684915 PMCID: PMC11058808 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent because it kills cancer cells while sparing normal cells. However, many cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), exhibit intrinsic or acquired resistance to TRAIL, and the molecular mechanisms underlying TRAIL resistance in cancers, particularly in PDAC, remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that glutamine (Gln) endows PDAC cells with resistance to TRAIL through KDM4C-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP. Inhibition of glutaminolysis significantly reduced the cFLIP level, leading to TRAIL-mediated formation of death-inducing signaling complexes. Overexpression of cFLIP dramatically rescued PDAC cells from TRAIL/Gln deprivation-induced apoptosis. Alpha-Ketoglutarate (aKG) supplementation significantly reversed the decrease in the cFLIP level induced by glutaminolysis inhibition and rescued PDAC cells from TRAIL/Gln deprivation-induced apoptosis. Knockdown of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2, which facilitates the conversion of oxaloacetate and glutamate into aspartate and aKG, decreased aKG production and the cFLIP level and activated TRAIL-induced apoptosis. AKG-mediated epigenetic regulation was necessary for maintaining a high level of cFLIP. Glutaminolysis inhibition increased the abundance of H3K9me3 in the cFLIP promoter, indicating that Gln-derived aKG production is important for Jumonji-domain histone demethylase (JHDM)-mediated cFLIP regulation. The JHDM KDM4C regulated cFLIP expression by binding to its promoter, and KDM4C knockdown sensitized PDAC cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The present findings suggest that Gln-derived aKG production is required for KDM4C-mediated epigenetic regulation of cFLIP, which leads to resistance to TRAIL.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Humans
- CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein/metabolism
- CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein/genetics
- TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/metabolism
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Glutamine/metabolism
- Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/metabolism
- Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Ketoglutaric Acids/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Aspartate Aminotransferase, Cytoplasmic/metabolism
- Aspartate Aminotransferase, Cytoplasmic/genetics
- Animals
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Se Seul Im
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Boyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Min
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jinbeom Heo
- Department of Cell and Genetic Engineering, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Dong-Myung Shin
- Department of Cell and Genetic Engineering, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Jaekyoung Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kietz C, Meinander A. Drosophila caspases as guardians of host-microbe interactions. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:227-236. [PMID: 35810247 PMCID: PMC9950452 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An intact cell death machinery is not only crucial for successful embryonic development and tissue homeostasis, but participates also in the defence against pathogens and contributes to a balanced immune response. Centrally involved in the regulation of both cell death and inflammatory immune responses is the evolutionarily conserved family of cysteine proteases named caspases. The Drosophila melanogaster genome encodes for seven caspases, several of which display dual functions, participating in apoptotic signalling and beyond. Among the Drosophila caspases, the caspase-8 homologue Dredd has a well-characterised role in inflammatory signalling activated by bacterial infections, and functions as a driver of NF-κB-mediated immune responses. Regarding the other Drosophila caspases, studies focusing on tissue-specific immune signalling and host-microbe interactions have recently revealed immunoregulatory functions of the initiator caspase Dronc and the effector caspase Drice. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the signalling cascades involved in the Drosophila humoral innate immune response against pathogens and of their caspase-mediated regulation. Furthermore, the apoptotic role of caspases during antibacterial and antiviral immune activation will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christa Kietz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Turku, Finland
| | - Annika Meinander
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Turku, Finland.
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Contadini C, Ferri A, Di Martile M, Cirotti C, Del Bufalo D, De Nicola F, Pallocca M, Fanciulli M, Sacco F, Donninelli G, Capone A, Volpe E, Keller N, Miki S, Kawauchi D, Stupack D, Furnari F, Barilà D. Caspase-8 as a novel mediator linking Src kinase signaling to enhanced glioblastoma malignancy. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:417-428. [PMID: 36460775 PMCID: PMC9950463 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase-8 is a cysteine protease that plays an essential role in apoptosis. Consistently with its canonical proapoptotic function, cancer cells may genetically or epigenetically downregulate its expression. Unexpectedly, Caspase-8 is often retained in cancer, suggesting the presence of alternative mechanisms that may be exploited by cancer cells to their own benefit. In this regard, we reported that Src tyrosine kinase, which is aberrantly activated in many tumors, promotes Caspase-8 phosphorylation on Tyrosine 380 (Y380) preventing its full activation. Here, we investigated the significance of Caspase-8 expression and of its phosphorylation on Y380 in glioblastoma, a brain tumor where both Caspase-8 expression and Src activity are often aberrantly upregulated. Transcriptomic analyses identified inflammatory response as a major target of Caspase-8, and in particular, NFκB signaling as one of the most affected pathways. More importantly, we could show that Src-dependent phosphorylation of Caspase-8 on Y380 drives the assembly of a multiprotein complex that triggers NFκB activation, thereby inducing the expression of inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors. Remarkably, phosphorylation on Y380 sustains neoangiogenesis and resistance to radiotherapy. In summary, our work identifies a novel interplay between Src kinase and Caspase-8 that allows cancer cells to hijack Caspase-8 to sustain tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Contadini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ferri
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Di Martile
- UOSD Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Cirotti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Del Bufalo
- UOSD Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Pallocca
- UOSD SAFU, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Sacco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Donninelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroimmunology, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Capone
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroimmunology, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Volpe
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroimmunology, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadine Keller
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0803, USA
| | - Shunichiro Miki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Daisuke Kawauchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Dwayne Stupack
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0803, USA
| | - Frank Furnari
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Daniela Barilà
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, IRCCS-Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, He J, Li M, Li K, Pu X, Guo Y. Immune landscape-based machine-learning-assisted subclassification, prognosis, and immunotherapy prediction for glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1027631. [PMID: 36532035 PMCID: PMC9751405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1027631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As a malignant brain tumor, glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by intratumor heterogeneity, a worse prognosis, and highly invasive, lethal, and refractory natures. Immunotherapy has been becoming a promising strategy to treat diverse cancers. It has been known that there are highly heterogeneous immunosuppressive microenvironments among different GBM molecular subtypes that mainly include classical (CL), mesenchymal (MES), and proneural (PN), respectively. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of immune landscapes among them is essential for identifying novel immune markers of GBM. Methods and results In the present study, based on collecting the largest number of 109 immune signatures, we aim to achieve a precise diagnosis, prognosis, and immunotherapy prediction for GBM by performing a comprehensive immunogenomic analysis. Firstly, machine-learning (ML) methods were proposed to evaluate the diagnostic values of these immune signatures, and the optimal classifier was constructed for accurate recognition of three GBM subtypes with robust and promising performance. The prognostic values of these signatures were then confirmed, and a risk score was established to divide all GBM patients into high-, medium-, and low-risk groups with a high predictive accuracy for overall survival (OS). Therefore, complete differential analysis across GBM subtypes was performed in terms of the immune characteristics along with clinicopathological and molecular features, which indicates that MES shows much higher immune heterogeneity compared to CL and PN but has significantly better immunotherapy responses, although MES patients may have an immunosuppressive microenvironment and be more proinflammatory and invasive. Finally, the MES subtype is proved to be more sensitive to 17-AAG, docetaxel, and erlotinib using drug sensitivity analysis and three compounds of AS-703026, PD-0325901, and MEK1-2-inhibitor might be potential therapeutic agents. Conclusion Overall, the findings of this research could help enhance our understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment and provide new insights for improving the prognosis and immunotherapy of GBM patients.
Collapse
|
6
|
Bai ZQ, Hu K. Expression, purification, and characterization of c-FLIP tandem death effector domains from Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2022; 200:106168. [PMID: 36084903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) regulates extrinsic apoptosis by controlling procaspase-8 activation through its tandem N-terminal death effector domains (DEDs). Here, we present the expression and purification of c-FLIP tandem DEDs (tDED) from Escherichia coli. We observed that the c-FLIPtDED maintains monomeric form under near-physiological pH condition in vitro. Our results also reveal a significant correlation between the pH conditions and the structure of c-FLIPtDED (F114A). The described methods and results would be helpful for follow-up study on the structural and functional of c-FLIP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Bai
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu G, Li D, Liang W, Sun W, Xie X, Tong Y, Shan B, Zhang M, Lu X, Yuan J, Li Y. PP6 negatively modulates LUBAC-mediated M1-ubiquitination of RIPK1 and c-FLIP L to promote TNFα-mediated cell death. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:773. [PMID: 36071040 PMCID: PMC9452587 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Activation of TNFR1 by TNFα induces the formation of a membrane-associated, intracellular complex termed complex I. Complex I orchestrates a complex pattern of modifications on key regulators of TNF signaling that collectively determines the cell fate by activating pro-survival or executing cell death programs. However, the regulatory mechanism of complex I in cell-fate decision is not fully understood. Here we identify protein phosphatase-6 (PP6) as a previously unidentified component of complex I. Loss of PP6 protects cells from TNFα-mediated cell death. The role of PP6 in regulating cell death requires its phosphatase activity and regulatory subunits. Further mechanistic studies show that PP6 modulates LUBAC-mediated M1-ubiquitination of RIPK1 and c-FLIPL to promote RIPK1 activation and c-FLIPL degradation. We also show that melanoma-associated PP6 inactivating mutants offer resistance to cell death due to the loss of sensitivity to TNFα. Thus, our study provides a potential mechanism by which melanoma-related PP6 inactivating mutations promote cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Wu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Dekang Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Xie
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yilun Tong
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Bing Shan
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China
| | - Junying Yuan
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100 Haike Road, PuDong District, 201210 Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bai ZQ, Ma X, Liu B, Huang T, Hu K. Solution structure of c-FLIP death effector domains. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 617:1-6. [PMID: 35688044 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The formation of death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and death effector domain (DED) filament initiates extrinsic apoptosis. Recruitment and activation of procaspase-8 at the DISC are regulated by c-FLIP. The interaction between c-FLIP and procaspase-8 is mediated by their tandem DEDs (tDED). However, the structure of c-FLIPtDED and how c-FLIP interferes with procaspase-8 activation at the DISC remain elusive. Here, we solved the monomeric structure of c-FLIPtDED (F114G) at near physiological pH by solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Structural superimposition reveals c-FLIPtDED (F114G) adopts a structural topology similar to that of procaspase-8tDED. Our results provide a structural basis for understanding how c-FLIP interacts with procaspase-8 and the molecular mechanisms of c-FLIP in regulating cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kaifeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Early B cell factor 4 modulates FAS-mediated apoptosis and promotes cytotoxic function in human immune cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2208522119. [PMID: 35939714 PMCID: PMC9388157 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208522119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a genetically regulated program of cell death that plays a key role in immune disease processes. We identified EBF4, a little-studied member of the early B cell factor (EBF) family of transcription factors, in a whole-genome CRISPR screen for regulators of Fas/APO-1/CD95-mediated T cell death. Loss of EBF4 increases the half-life of the c-FLIP protein, and its presence in the Fas signaling complex impairs caspase-8 cleavage and apoptosis. Transcriptome analysis revealed that EBF4 regulates molecules such as TBX21, EOMES, granzyme, and perforin that are important for human natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T cell functions. Proximity-dependent biotin identification (Bio-ID) mass spectrometry analyses showed EBF4 binding to STAT3, STAT5, and MAP kinase 3 and a strong pathway relationship to interleukin-2 regulated genes, which are known to govern cytotoxicity pathways. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and DNA sequencing analysis defined a canonical EBF4 binding motif, 5'-CCCNNGG/AG-3', closely related to the EBF1 binding site; using a luciferase-based reporter, we found a dose-dependent transcriptional response of this motif to EBF4. We also conducted assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing in EBF4-overexpressing cells and found increased chromatin accessibility upstream of granzyme and perforin and in topologically associated domains in human lymphocytes. Finally, we discovered that the EBF4 has basal expression in human but not mouse NK cells and CD8+ T cells and vanishes following activating stimulation. Together, our data reveal key features of a previously unknown transcriptional regulator of human cytotoxic immune function.
Collapse
|
10
|
An engineered construct of cFLIP provides insight into DED1 structure and interactions. Structure 2022; 30:229-239.e5. [PMID: 34800372 PMCID: PMC8818036 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (cFLIP) is a member of the Death Domain superfamily with pivotal roles in many cellular processes and disease states, including cancer and autoimmune disorders. In the context of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), cFLIP isoforms regulate extrinsic apoptosis by controlling procaspase-8 activation. The function of cFLIP is mediated through a series of protein-protein interactions, engaging the two N-terminal death effector domains (DEDs). Here, we solve the structure of an engineered DED1 domain of cFLIP using solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and we define the interaction with FADD and calmodulin, protein-protein interactions that regulate the function of cFLIP in the DISC. cFLIP DED1 assumes a canonical DED fold characterized by six α helices and is able to bind calmodulin and FADD through two separate interfaces. Our results clearly demonstrate the role of DED1 in the cFLIP/FADD association and contribute to the understanding of the assembly of DISC filaments.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ikedife J, He J, Wei Y. PEA-15 engages in allosteric interactions using a common scaffold in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Sci Rep 2022; 12:116. [PMID: 34997083 PMCID: PMC8742051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes, 15 kDa (PEA-15) is a death-effector domain (DED) containing protein involved in regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptosis pathways. In this molecular dynamics study, we examined how phosphorylation of the PEA-15 C-terminal tail residues, Ser-104 and Ser-116, allosterically mediates conformational changes of the DED and alters the binding specificity from extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) to Fas-associated death domain (FADD) protein. We delineated that the binding interfaces between the unphosphorylated PEA-15 and ERK2 and between the doubly phosphorylated PEA-15 and FADD are similarly composed of a scaffold that includes both the DED and the C-terminal tail residues of PEA-15. While the unphosphorylated serine residues do not directly interact with ERK2, the phosphorylated Ser-116 engages in strong electrostatic interactions with arginine residues on FADD DED. Upon PEA-15 binding, FADD repositions its death domain (DD) relative to the DED, an essential conformational change to allow the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Ikedife
- Department of Chemistry, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ, 07305, USA
| | - Jianlin He
- Ministry of Natural Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yufeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ, 07305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chang Z, Dang T, Meng X, Chai J. The Role of CCN1 in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: What We Have Learned From the Lab. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221074734. [PMID: 35291889 PMCID: PMC8935545 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221074734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common and deadliest cancers in the world, particularly esophageal adenocarcinoma. There has never been a special drug to treat it.Purpose: This article summarizes the work that we have done in our laboratory about the role of CCN1 in esophageal cancer and gives a new perspective of CCN1 biology.Research Design: This is a review article. Study Sample: The work was done using validated cell lines and fixed human tissue slides.Data Collection and Analysis: This is a review article, therefore, no data collection or analysis was involved.Results: CCN1 is a matricellular protein supporting adhesion, migration, and survival in normal cells, but in the esophageal cancer cells, it induces TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. CCN1 promotes TRAIL and its death receptor expression but downregulates the decoy receptors and survivin in a p53-dependant manner. It was thought that CCN1 relies on TNF to induce apoptosis, but our study found that these two molecules antagonize each other. CCN1 promotes TNFR1 cleavage and uses the soluble product to block TNF signaling, while TNF upregulates PGLYRP1 to overcome this obstacle because PGLYRP1 is a secreted protein that competes with TNF for TNFR1 binding. As a result, when CCN1 and TNF are present together in the vicinity of esophageal tumors, they cancel each other out.Conclusions: Based on our laboratory study, CCN1 has much potential to be a candidate for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Chang
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Digestive Diseases, Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 74506The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Tong Dang
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Digestive Diseases, Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 74506The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Xianmei Meng
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Digestive Diseases, Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 74506The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Jianyuan Chai
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Digestive Diseases, Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 74506The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China.,Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Injury and Cancer, VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA, USA.,College of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ivanisenko NV, Seyrek K, Hillert-Richter LK, König C, Espe J, Bose K, Lavrik IN. Regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling by c-FLIP: towards targeting cancer networks. Trends Cancer 2021; 8:190-209. [PMID: 34973957 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extrinsic pathway is mediated by death receptors (DRs), including CD95 (APO-1/Fas) or TRAILR-1/2. Defects in apoptosis regulation lead to cancer and other malignancies. The master regulator of the DR networks is the cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP). In addition to its key role in apoptosis, c-FLIP may exert other cellular functions, including control of necroptosis, pyroptosis, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation, and tumorigenesis. To gain further insight into the molecular mechanisms of c-FLIP action in cancer networks, we focus on the structure, isoforms, interactions, and post-translational modifications of c-FLIP. We also discuss various avenues to target c-FLIP in cancer cells for therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kamil Seyrek
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura K Hillert-Richter
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Corinna König
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Espe
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kakoli Bose
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Inna N Lavrik
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Proteasome inhibition triggers the formation of TRAIL receptor 2 platforms for caspase-8 activation that accumulate in the cytosol. Cell Death Differ 2021; 29:147-155. [PMID: 34354257 PMCID: PMC8738721 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00843-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells that are resistant to Bax/Bak-dependent intrinsic apoptosis can be eliminated by proteasome inhibition. Here, we show that proteasome inhibition induces the formation of high molecular weight platforms in the cytosol that serve to activate caspase-8. The activation complexes contain Fas-associated death domain (FADD) and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1). Furthermore, the complexes contain TRAIL-receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) but not TRAIL-receptor 1 (TRAIL-R1). While RIPK1 inhibition or depletion did not affect proteasome inhibitor-induced cell death, TRAIL-R2 was found essential for efficient caspase-8 activation, since the loss of TRAIL-R2 expression abrogated caspase processing, significantly reduced cell death, and promoted cell re-growth after drug washout. Overall, our study provides novel insight into the mechanisms by which proteasome inhibition eliminates otherwise apoptosis-resistant cells, and highlights the crucial role of a ligand-independent but TRAIL-R2-dependent activation mechanism for caspase-8 in this scenario.
Collapse
|
15
|
Tomaipitinca L, Petrungaro S, D'Acunzo P, Facchiano A, Dubey A, Rizza S, Giulitti F, Gaudio E, Filippini A, Ziparo E, Cecconi F, Giampietri C. c-FLIP regulates autophagy by interacting with Beclin-1 and influencing its stability. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:686. [PMID: 34238932 PMCID: PMC8266807 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03957-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
c-FLIP (cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein) protein is mostly known as an apoptosis modulator. However, increasing data underline that c-FLIP plays multiple roles in cellular homoeostasis, influencing differently the same pathways depending on its expression level and isoform predominance. Few and controversial data are available regarding c-FLIP function in autophagy. Here we show that autophagic flux is less effective in c-FLIP−/− than in WT MEFs (mouse embryonic fibroblasts). Indeed, we show that the absence of c-FLIP compromises the expression levels of pivotal factors in the generation of autophagosomes. In line with the role of c-FLIP as a scaffold protein, we found that c-FLIPL interacts with Beclin-1 (BECN1: coiled-coil, moesin-like BCL2-interacting protein), which is required for autophagosome nucleation. By a combination of bioinformatics tools and biochemistry assays, we demonstrate that c-FLIPL interaction with Beclin-1 is important to prevent Beclin-1 ubiquitination and degradation through the proteasomal pathway. Taken together, our data describe a novel molecular mechanism through which c-FLIPL positively regulates autophagy, by enhancing Beclin-1 protein stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Tomaipitinca
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Simonetta Petrungaro
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale D'Acunzo
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Amit Dubey
- Computational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Division, Quanta Calculus Pvt Ltd, Kushinagar, 274203, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Salvatore Rizza
- Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Federico Giulitti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Filippini
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Elio Ziparo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.,Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, 00143, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Claudia Giampietri
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cheng P, Li S, Chen H. Macrophages in Lung Injury, Repair, and Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020436. [PMID: 33670759 PMCID: PMC7923175 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis progression in the lung commonly results in impaired functional gas exchange, respiratory failure, or even death. In addition to the aberrant activation and differentiation of lung fibroblasts, persistent alveolar injury and incomplete repair are the driving factors of lung fibrotic response. Macrophages are activated and polarized in response to lipopolysaccharide- or bleomycin-induced lung injury. The classically activated macrophage (M1) and alternatively activated macrophage (M2) have been extensively investigated in lung injury, repair, and fibrosis. In the present review, we summarized the current data on monocyte-derived macrophages that are recruited to the lung, as well as alveolar resident macrophages and their polarization, pyroptosis, and phagocytosis in acute lung injury (ALI). Additionally, we described how macrophages interact with lung epithelial cells during lung repair. Finally, we emphasized the role of macrophage polarization in the pulmonary fibrotic response, and elucidated the potential benefits of targeting macrophage in alleviating pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyong Cheng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;
| | - Shuangyan Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300350, China;
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300350, China;
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pharmacological targeting of c-FLIP L and Bcl-2 family members promotes apoptosis in CD95L-resistant cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20823. [PMID: 33257694 PMCID: PMC7705755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of efficient combinatorial treatments is one of the key tasks in modern anti-cancer therapies. An apoptotic signal can either be induced by activation of death receptors (DR) (extrinsic pathway) or via the mitochondria (intrinsic pathway). Cancer cells are characterized by deregulation of both pathways. Procaspase-8 activation in extrinsic apoptosis is controlled by c-FLIP proteins. We have recently reported the small molecules FLIPinB/FLIPinBγ targeting c-FLIPL in the caspase-8/c-FLIPL heterodimer. These small molecules enhanced caspase-8 activity in the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), CD95L/TRAIL-induced caspase-3/7 activation and subsequent apoptosis. In this study to increase the pro-apoptotic effects of FLIPinB/FLIPinBγ and enhance its therapeutic potential we investigated costimulatory effects of FLIPinB/FLIPinBγ in combination with the pharmacological inhibitors of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members such as ABT-263 and S63845. The combination of these inhibitors together with FLIPinB/FLIPinBγ increased CD95L-induced cell viability loss, caspase activation and apoptosis. Taken together, our study suggests new approaches for the development of combinatorial anti-cancer therapies specifically targeting both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways.
Collapse
|
18
|
Ivanisenko NV, Lavrik IN. Mathematical Modeling Reveals the Importance of the DED Filament Composition in the Effects of Small Molecules Targeting Caspase-8/c-FLIP L Heterodimer. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:1134-1144. [PMID: 33202199 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Procaspase-8 activation at the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) triggers extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Procaspase-8 activation takes place in the death effector domain (DED) filaments and is regulated by c-FLIP proteins, in particular, by the long isoform c-FLIPL. Recently, the first-in-class chemical probe targeting the caspase-8/c-FLIPL heterodimer was reported. This rationally designed small molecule, FLIPin, enhances caspase-8 activity after initial heterodimer processing. Here, we used a kinetic mathematical model to gain an insight into the mechanisms of FLIPin action in a complex with DISC, in particular, to unravel the effects of FLIPin at different stoichiometry and composition of the DED filament. Analysis of this model has identified the optimal c-FLIPL to procaspase-8 ratios in different cellular landscapes favoring the activity of FLIPin. We predicted that the activity FLIPin is regulated via different mechanisms upon c-FLIPL downregulation or upregulation. Our study demonstrates that a combination of mathematical modeling with system pharmacology allows development of more efficient therapeutic approaches and prediction of optimal treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N V Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - I N Lavrik
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia. .,Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ivanisenko NV, Seyrek K, Kolchanov NA, Ivanisenko VA, Lavrik IN. The role of death domain proteins in host response upon SARS-CoV-2 infection: modulation of programmed cell death and translational applications. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:101. [PMID: 33072409 PMCID: PMC7547561 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00331-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The current pandemic of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) poses a significant global public health threat. While urgent regulatory measures in control of the rapid spread of this virus are essential, scientists around the world have quickly engaged in this battle by studying the molecular mechanisms and searching for effective therapeutic strategies against this deadly disease. At present, the exact mechanisms of programmed cell death upon SARS-CoV-2 infection remain to be elucidated, though there is increasing evidence suggesting that cell death pathways play a key role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. There are several types of programmed cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. These distinct programs are largely controlled by the proteins of the death domain (DD) superfamily, which play an important role in viral pathogenesis and host antiviral response. Many viruses have acquired the capability to subvert the program of cell death and evade the host immune response, mainly by virally encoded gene products that control cell signaling networks. In this mini-review, we will focus on SARS-CoV-2, and discuss the implication of restraining the DD-mediated signaling network to potentially suppress viral replication and reduce tissue damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V. Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kamil Seyrek
- Translational Inflammation Research, CDS, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nikolay A. Kolchanov
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Inna N. Lavrik
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Translational Inflammation Research, CDS, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Esophageal cancer cells convert the death signal from TRAIL into a stimulus for survival during acid/bile exposure. Dig Liver Dis 2020; 52:1195-1200. [PMID: 32505571 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TRAIL is best known for killing cancer cells selectively, however, some cancers resist TRAIL treatment for various reasons. Esophageal adenocarcinoma is such an example. Previously, we reported that the tumor cells interrupted TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by overexpressing the decoy receptors and survivin. AIMS To investigate TRAIL resistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma during GERD. METHODS We simulated GERD episodes in vitro by exposing cancer cells to the acid/bile conditions acutely as well as chronically. TRAIL and its receptors were examined for expression, interaction, and induction of cell death. RESULTS We found that acid/bile exposure drove the tumor cells to express TRAIL and TRAILR2 robustly, but did not lead to apoptosis, because the tumor cells overexpressed TRADD to replace FADD as the adaptor molecule to trigger NFκB activation instead of caspases, and thereby convert a death signal from TRAIL into a stimulus for survival. The tumor cells also overexpressed c-FLIP to keep caspases away from TRAILR2 in case FADD finds a way back to the death receptor. CONCLUSION Multiple reasons contribute to TRAIL resistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma, including overexpression of the decoy receptors to block the death receptors, using TRADD to replace FADD, and using c-FLIP to replace caspase-8.
Collapse
|
21
|
Dang T, Chai J. Molecular Dynamics in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Who's in Control? Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:789-801. [PMID: 32691711 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200720011341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the fastest-growing cancers in the world. It occurs primarily due to the chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), during which the esophageal epithelium is frequently exposed to the acidic fluid coming up from the stomach. This triggers gene mutations in the esophageal cells, which may lead to EAC development. While p53 is activated to get rid of the mutated cells, NFκB orchestrates the remaining cells to heal the wound. However, if the mutations happen to TP53 (a common occasion), the mutant product turns to support tumorigenesis. In this case, NFκB goes along with the mutant p53 to facilitate cancer progression. TRAIL is one of the cytokines produced in response to GERD episodes and it can kill cancer cells selectively, but its clinical use has not been as successful as expected, because some highly sophisticated defense mechanisms against TRAIL have developed during the malignancy. To clear the obstacles for TRAIL action, using a second agent to disarm the cancer cells is required. CCN1 appears to be such a molecule. While supporting normal esophageal cell growth, CCN1 suppresses malignant transformation by inhibiting NFκB and kills the EAC cell through TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Dang
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Digestive Diseases; Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for Prevention and
Treatment of Digestive Diseases; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 30 Hudemulin Rd, Baotou, 014030, China
| | - Jianyuan Chai
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Digestive Diseases; Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for Prevention and
Treatment of Digestive Diseases; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 30 Hudemulin Rd, Baotou, 014030, China,Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Injury and Cancer, VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA90822, USA,College of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Seyrek K, Ivanisenko NV, Richter M, Hillert LK, König C, Lavrik IN. Controlling Cell Death through Post-translational Modifications of DED Proteins. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:354-369. [PMID: 32302548 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death, deregulation of which occurs in multiple disorders, including neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases as well as cancer. The formation of a death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and death effector domain (DED) filaments are critical for initiation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of DED-containing DISC components such as FADD, procaspase-8, and c-FLIP comprise an additional level of apoptosis regulation, which is necessary to overcome the threshold for apoptosis induction. In this review we discuss the influence of PTMs of FADD, procaspase-8, and c-FLIP on DED filament assembly and cell death induction, with a focus on the 3D organization of the DED filament.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Seyrek
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nikita V Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Max Richter
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura K Hillert
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Corinna König
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Inna N Lavrik
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Acid/bile exposure triggers TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells by suppressing the decoy receptors and c-FLIP R. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 122:105736. [PMID: 32135301 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma essentially develops from esophageal inflammation caused by chronic GERD. During GERD episodes, the lower esophageal epithelium is repeatedly exposed to stomach acid, which often contains duodenal bile salts that prompt malignant transformation. TRAIL is one of the cytokines produced in response to such insults and targets the transformed cells exclusively. In this study, we simulated GERD episodes in vitro by exposing the cancer cells to acid or acid/bile combination and found that the cancer cells lived through acid attacks by expression of the decoy receptors and c-FLIPR but died of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis when bile salts were present. Further investigation revealed that acid/bile exposure downregulated the decoy receptors and thereby facilitated TRAIL signaling; meantime, it inhibited protein kinase C activity and thus expedited c-FLIPR degradation, allowing apoptosis to take place.
Collapse
|
24
|
Hillert LK, Ivanisenko NV, Busse D, Espe J, König C, Peltek SE, Kolchanov NA, Ivanisenko VA, Lavrik IN. Dissecting DISC regulation via pharmacological targeting of caspase-8/c-FLIP L heterodimer. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:2117-2130. [PMID: 31959913 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological targeting via small molecule-based chemical probes has recently acquired an emerging importance as a valuable tool to delineate molecular mechanisms. Induction of apoptosis via CD95/Fas and TRAIL-R1/2 is triggered by the formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). Caspase-8 activation at the DISC is largely controlled by c-FLIP proteins. However molecular mechanisms of this control have just started to be uncovered. In this study we report the first-in-class chemical probe targeting c-FLIPL in the heterodimer caspase-8/c-FLIPL. This rationally designed small molecule was aimed to imitate the closed conformation of the caspase-8 L2' loop and thereby increase caspase-8 activity after initial processing of the heterodimer. In accordance with in silico predictions, this small molecule enhanced caspase-8 activity at the DISC, CD95L/TRAIL-induced caspase activation, and subsequent apoptosis. The generated computational model provided further evidence for the proposed effects of the small molecule on the heterodimer caspase-8/c-FLIPL. In particular, the model has demonstrated that boosting caspase-8 activity by the small molecule at the early time points after DISC assembly is crucial for promoting apoptosis induction. Taken together, our study allowed to target the heterodimer caspase-8/c-FLIPL and get new insights into molecular mechanisms of its activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Hillert
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Center of Dynamic Systems, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Geb.28. 1 OG/R. 111, Pfälzer Platz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nikita V Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Denise Busse
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Center of Dynamic Systems, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Geb.28. 1 OG/R. 111, Pfälzer Platz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Espe
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Center of Dynamic Systems, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Geb.28. 1 OG/R. 111, Pfälzer Platz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Corinna König
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Center of Dynamic Systems, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Geb.28. 1 OG/R. 111, Pfälzer Platz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sergey E Peltek
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Nikolai A Kolchanov
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Inna N Lavrik
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Center of Dynamic Systems, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Geb.28. 1 OG/R. 111, Pfälzer Platz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang P, Wang H, Chen Y, Lodhi AF, Sun C, Sun F, Yan L, Deng Y, Ma H. DR5 related autophagy can promote apoptosis in gliomas after irradiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 522:910-916. [PMID: 31806377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As a cancer treatment strategy, irradiation therapy is widely used that can cause DNA breakage and increase free radicals, which leads to different types of cell death. Among them, apoptosis and autophagy are the most important and the most studied cell death processes. Although the exploration of the relationship between apoptosis and autophagy has been a major area of focus, still the molecular mechanisms of autophagy on apoptosis remain unclear. Here, we have revealed that apoptosis was enhanced by the death receptor 5 (DR5) pathway, and the effect of autophagy on apoptosis was promoted by DR5 interacting with LC3B as well as Caspase8 in gliomas after irradiation. Interestingly, we observed that the addition of four different autophagy inducers, rapamycin (RAP), CCI779, ABT737 and temozolomide (TMZ), induced the differences of DR5 expression and cell apoptosis after irradiation. Unlike RAP and CCI779, ABT737 and TMZ were able to increase DR5 expression and further induce cell death. Therefore, we have concluded that DR5 plays a novel and indispensable role in promoting cell apoptosis under irradiation and suggest a potential therapeutic approach for glioblastoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Adil Farooq Lodhi
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Chunli Sun
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feiyi Sun
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liben Yan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hong Ma
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Long and short isoforms of c-FLIP act as control checkpoints of DED filament assembly. Oncogene 2019; 39:1756-1772. [PMID: 31740779 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The assembly of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and death effector domain (DED) filaments at CD95/Fas initiates extrinsic apoptosis. Procaspase-8 activation at the DED filaments is controlled by short and long c-FLIP isoforms. Despite apparent progress in understanding the assembly of CD95-activated platforms and DED filaments, the detailed molecular mechanism of c-FLIP action remains elusive. Here, we further addressed the mechanisms of c-FLIP action at the DISC using biochemical assays, quantitative mass spectrometry, and structural modeling. Our data strongly indicate that c-FLIP can bind to both FADD and procaspase-8 at the DED filament. Moreover, the constructed in silico model shows that c-FLIP proteins can lead to the formation of the DISCs comprising short DED filaments as well as serve as bridging motifs for building a cooperative DISC network, in which adjacent CD95 DISCs are connected by DED filaments. This network is based on selective interactions of FADD with both c-FLIP and procaspase-8. Hence, c-FLIP proteins at the DISC control initiation, elongation, and composition of DED filaments, playing the role of control checkpoints. These findings provide new insights into DISC and DED filament regulation and open innovative possibilities for targeting the extrinsic apoptosis pathway.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ivanisenko NV, Buchbinder JH, Espe J, Richter M, Bollmann M, Hillert LK, Ivanisenko VA, Lavrik IN. Delineating the role of c-FLIP/NEMO interaction in the CD95 network via rational design of molecular probes. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:293. [PMID: 31815628 PMCID: PMC6900753 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5539-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural homology modeling supported by bioinformatics analysis plays a key role in uncovering new molecular interactions within gene regulatory networks. Here, we have applied this powerful approach to analyze the molecular interactions orchestrating death receptor signaling networks. In particular, we focused on the molecular mechanisms of CD95-mediated NF-κB activation and the role of c-FLIP/NEMO interaction in the induction of this pathway. RESULTS To this end, we have created the homology model of the c-FLIP/NEMO complex using the reported structure of the v-FLIP/NEMO complex, and rationally designed peptides targeting this complex. The designed peptides were based on the NEMO structure. Strikingly, the experimental in vitro validation demonstrated that the best inhibitory effects on CD95-mediated NF-κB activation are exhibited by the NEMO-derived peptides with the substitution D242Y of NEMO. Furthermore, we have assumed that the c-FLIP/NEMO complex is recruited to the DED filaments formed upon CD95 activation and validated this assumption in silico. Further insight into the function of c-FLIP/NEMO complex was provided by the analysis of evolutionary conservation of interacting regions which demonstrated that this interaction is common in distinct mammalian species. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, using a combination of bioinformatics and experimental approaches we obtained new insights into CD95-mediated NF-κB activation, providing manifold possibilities for targeting the death receptor network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Jörn H Buchbinder
- Translational Inflammation research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Espe
- Translational Inflammation research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Max Richter
- Translational Inflammation research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Bollmann
- Translational Inflammation research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura K Hillert
- Translational Inflammation research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir A Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Inna N Lavrik
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia. .,Translational Inflammation research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Safa AR, Kamocki K, Saadatzadeh MR, Bijangi-Vishehsaraei K. c-FLIP, a Novel Biomarker for Cancer Prognosis, Immunosuppression, Alzheimer's Disease, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and a Rationale Therapeutic Target. BIOMARKERS JOURNAL 2019; 5:4. [PMID: 32352084 PMCID: PMC7189798 DOI: 10.36648/2472-1646.5.1.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of c-FLIP (cellular FADD-like IL-1β-converting enzyme inhibitory protein) has been shown in several diseases including cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). c-FLIP is a critical anti-cell death protein often overexpressed in tumors and hematological malignancies and its increased expression is often associated with a poor prognosis. c-FLIP frequently exists as long (c-FLIPL) and short (c-FLIPS) isoforms, regulates its anti-cell death functions through binding to FADD (FAS associated death domain protein), an adaptor protein known to activate caspases-8 and -10 and links c-FLIP to several cell death regulating complexes including the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) formed by various death receptors. c-FLIP also plays a critical role in necroptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, c-FLIP is able to activate several pathways involved in cytoprotection, proliferation, and survival of cancer cells through various critical signaling proteins. Additionally, c-FLIP can inhibit cell death induced by several chemotherapeutics, anti-cancer small molecule inhibitors, and ionizing radiation. Moreover, c-FLIP plays major roles in aiding the survival of immunosuppressive tumor-promoting immune cells and functions in inflammation, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, c-FLIP can serve as a versatile biomarker for cancer prognosis, a diagnostic marker for several diseases, and an effective therapeutic target. In this article, we review the functions of c-FLIP as an anti-apoptotic protein and negative prognostic factor in human cancers, and its roles in resistance to anticancer drugs, necroptosis and autophagy, immunosuppression, Alzheimer's disease, and COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad R Safa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Krzysztof Kamocki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - M Reza Saadatzadeh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kretz AL, Trauzold A, Hillenbrand A, Knippschild U, Henne-Bruns D, von Karstedt S, Lemke J. TRAILblazing Strategies for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040456. [PMID: 30935038 PMCID: PMC6521007 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the late 1990s, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the TNF-family, started receiving much attention for its potential in cancer therapy, due to its capacity to induce apoptosis selectively in tumour cells in vivo. TRAIL binds to its membrane-bound death receptors TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5) inducing the formation of a death-inducing signalling complex (DISC) thereby activating the apoptotic cascade. The ability of TRAIL to also induce apoptosis independently of p53 makes TRAIL a promising anticancer agent, especially in p53-mutated tumour entities. Thus, several so-called TRAIL receptor agonists (TRAs) were developed. Unfortunately, clinical testing of these TRAs did not reveal any significant anticancer activity, presumably due to inherent or acquired TRAIL resistance of most primary tumour cells. Since the potential power of TRAIL-based therapies still lies in TRAIL's explicit cancer cell-selectivity, a desirable approach going forward for TRAIL-based cancer therapy is the identification of substances that sensitise tumour cells for TRAIL-induced apoptosis while sparing normal cells. Numerous of such TRAIL-sensitising strategies have been identified within the last decades. However, many of these approaches have not been verified in animal models, and therefore potential toxicity of these approaches has not been taken into consideration. Here, we critically summarise and discuss the status quo of TRAIL signalling in cancer cells and strategies to force tumour cells into undergoing apoptosis triggered by TRAIL as a cancer therapeutic approach. Moreover, we provide an overview and outlook on innovative and promising future TRAIL-based therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Laura Kretz
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Anna Trauzold
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
- Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Andreas Hillenbrand
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Doris Henne-Bruns
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Silvia von Karstedt
- Department of Translational Genomics, University Hospital Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Johannes Lemke
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Post-translational modification of the death receptor complex as a potential therapeutic target in cancer. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:76-87. [PMID: 30610617 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-01107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death is critical to the physiological function of multi-cellular organisms, controlling development, immunity, inflammation, and cancer progression. Death receptor (DR)-mediated regulation of a protease functions as a second messenger to initiate a death signal cascade to induce apoptosis or necroptosis. Recently, it has become clear that post-translational modifications (PTMs) of signaling components in the DR complex are highly complex, temporally controlled, and tightly regulated, and play an important role in cell death signaling. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological consequences of PTMs on the formation of the DR signaling complex, especially with respect to tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1). Furthermore, characterization of the role of PTMs in spatially different TNFR1 complexes (complexes I and II), especially with respect to the role of ubiquitination and phosphorylation of receptor interacting protein 1 (RIP1) in programmed cell death in cancer cells, will be reviewed. By integrating recently gained insight of the functional importance of PTMs in complex I or II, this review discusses how the concerted action of PTMs results in life or death upon DR ligation. Finally, the emerging concept of a sequential cell death checkpoint by the PTMs of RIP1, which may reveal novel therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of some cancers, will be discussed.
Collapse
|
31
|
Sensitization of glioblastoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by IAP- and Bcl-2 antagonism. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1112. [PMID: 30385739 PMCID: PMC6212537 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of effective treatments for glioblastoma (GBM), we here studied the responsiveness of GBM cell lines to the combination of death ligand, TRAIL and the IAP antagonist, TL32711 (Birinapant). Responses were highly heterogeneous, with synergistic apoptosis as well as treatment resistance observed. Caspase-8 and Bid, together with caspase-3, form a nonlinear signalling hub that efficiently induced apoptosis in responder cell lines. Cells resistant to TRAIL/TL32711 expressed low amounts of procaspase-8 and Bid and poorly activated caspase-3. We therefore hypothesised that improving caspase-8 activation or sensitising mitochondria to truncated Bid (tBid) could convert non-responder GBM cell lines to responders. Mathematical simulations of both strategies predicted mitochondrial sensitization to tBid would outperform enhancing caspase-8 activation. Indeed, antagonising Bcl-2 by ABT-199 allowed TRAIL/TL32711 response synergies to manifest in otherwise TRAIL resistant cell lines. These findings were further corroborated in experiments with a translationally relevant hexavalent TRAIL variant. Our study therefore demonstrates that a high caspase-8/Bid signature is associated with synergistic TRAIL/TL32711-induced apoptosis in GBM cells and outlines Bcl-2 antagonism as a highly potent intervention to sensitize highly TRAIL-resistant GBM cells to TRAIL/TL32711 combination treatment.
Collapse
|
32
|
Comparing the effects of different cell death programs in tumor progression and immunotherapy. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:115-129. [PMID: 30341424 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our conception of programmed cell death has expanded beyond apoptosis to encompass additional forms of cell suicide, including necroptosis and pyroptosis; these cell death modalities are notable for their diverse and emerging roles in engaging the immune system. Concurrently, treatments that activate the immune system to combat cancer have achieved remarkable success in the clinic. These two scientific narratives converge to provide new perspectives on the role of programmed cell death in cancer therapy. This review focuses on our current understanding of the relationship between apoptosis and antitumor immune responses and the emerging evidence that induction of alternate death pathways such as necroptosis could improve therapeutic outcomes.
Collapse
|
33
|
Quantitative single cell analysis uncovers the life/death decision in CD95 network. PLoS Comput Biol 2018; 14:e1006368. [PMID: 30256782 PMCID: PMC6175528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CD95/Fas/APO-1 is a member of the death receptor family that triggers apoptotic and anti-apoptotic responses in particular, NF-κB. These responses are characterized by a strong heterogeneity within a population of cells. To determine how the cell decides between life and death we developed a computational model supported by imaging flow cytometry analysis of CD95 signaling. Here we show that CD95 stimulation leads to the induction of caspase and NF-κB pathways simultaneously in one cell. The related life/death decision strictly depends on cell-to-cell variability in the formation of the death-inducing complex (DISC) on one side (extrinsic noise) vs. stochastic gene expression of the NF-κB pathway on the other side (intrinsic noise). Moreover, our analysis has uncovered that the stochasticity in apoptosis and NF-kB pathways leads not only to survival or death of a cell, but also causes a third type of response to CD95 stimulation that we termed ambivalent response. Cells in the ambivalent state can undergo cell death or survive which was subsequently validated by experiments. Taken together, we have uncovered how these two competing pathways control the fate of a cell, which in turn plays an important role for development of anti-cancer therapies. Activation of death receptor (DR) family has been reported to activate both apoptotic as well as anti-apoptotic responses. Molecular mechanisms underlying the intricate details of this crosstalk have not been established yet. Here we show that these pathways are triggered simultaneously in one cell. Furthermore, using stochastic computational modeling we uncovered how an individual cell undergoes apoptosis, while other cells survive upon the same DR activation conditions. This was only possible by combination of computational modeling supported by experimental validation based on the state of the art single cell analysis. The latter included cutting edge technology of imaging flow cytometry, which combines microscopy and flow cytometry in one measurement circuit enabling quantitative analysis of endogenous cellular protein levels estimated from a large number of cells simultaneously. This allowed to shed the light on the question how a single cell possibly avoids apoptosis, which is a highly actual topic in the field of cancer research and development of efficient anti-cancer therapies.
Collapse
|
34
|
Should We Keep Walking along the Trail for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment? Revisiting TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand for Anticancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10030077. [PMID: 29562636 PMCID: PMC5876652 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10030077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in oncology, diagnosis, and therapy, treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still exceedingly challenging. PDAC remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Poor prognosis is due to the aggressive growth behavior with early invasion and distant metastasis, chemoresistance, and a current lack of adequate screening methods for early detection. Consequently, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Many hopes for cancer treatment have been placed in the death ligand tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) since it was reported to induce apoptosis selectively in tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. TRAIL triggers apoptosis through binding of the trans-membrane death receptors TRAIL receptor 1 (TRAIL-R1) also death receptor 4 (DR4) and TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) also death receptor 5 (DR5) thereby inducing the formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and activation of the apoptotic cascade. Unlike chemotherapeutics, TRAIL was shown to be able to induce apoptosis in a p53-independent manner, making TRAIL a promising anticancer approach for p53-mutated tumors. These cancer-selective traits of TRAIL led to the development of TRAIL-R agonists, categorized into either recombinant variants of TRAIL or agonistic antibodies against TRAIL-R1 or TRAIL-R2. However, clinical trials making use of these agonists in various tumor entities including pancreatic cancer were disappointing so far. This is thought to be caused by TRAIL resistance of numerous primary tumor cells, an insufficient agonistic activity of the drug candidates tested, and a lack of suitable biomarkers for patient stratification. Nevertheless, recently gained knowledge on the biology of the TRAIL-TRAIL-R system might now provide the chance to overcome intrinsic or acquired resistance against TRAIL and TRAIL-R agonists. In this review, we summarize the status quo of clinical studies involving TRAIL-R agonists for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and critically discuss the suitability of utilizing the TRAIL-TRAIL-R system for successful treatment.
Collapse
|
35
|
McCubbrey AL, Barthel L, Mohning MP, Redente EF, Mould KJ, Thomas SM, Leach SM, Danhorn T, Gibbings SL, Jakubzick CV, Henson PM, Janssen WJ. Deletion of c-FLIP from CD11b hi Macrophages Prevents Development of Bleomycin-induced Lung Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:66-78. [PMID: 28850249 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0154oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease with complex pathophysiology and fatal prognosis. Macrophages (MΦ) contribute to the development of lung fibrosis; however, the underlying mechanisms and specific MΦ subsets involved remain unclear. During lung injury, two subsets of lung MΦ coexist: Siglec-Fhi resident alveolar MΦ and a mixed population of CD11bhi MΦ that primarily mature from immigrating monocytes. Using a novel inducible transgenic system driven by a fragment of the human CD68 promoter, we targeted deletion of the antiapoptotic protein cellular FADD-like IL-1β-converting enzyme-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) to CD11bhi MΦ. Upon loss of c-FLIP, CD11bhi MΦ became susceptible to cell death. Using this system, we were able to show that eliminating CD11bhi MΦ present 7-14 days after bleomycin injury was sufficient to protect mice from fibrosis. RNA-seq analysis of lung MΦ present during this time showed that CD11bhi MΦ, but not Siglec-Fhi MΦ, expressed high levels of profibrotic chemokines and growth factors. Human MΦ from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis expressed many of the same profibrotic chemokines identified in murine CD11bhi MΦ. Elimination of monocyte-derived MΦ may help in the treatment of fibrosis. We identify c-FLIP and the associated extrinsic cell death program as a potential pathway through which these profibrotic MΦ may be pharmacologically targeted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L McCubbrey
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Lea Barthel
- 2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Michael P Mohning
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Elizabeth F Redente
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,3 Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,4 Department of Research, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, Colorado
| | - Kara J Mould
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Stacey M Thomas
- 2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Sonia M Leach
- 5 Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, and.,6 Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and
| | - Thomas Danhorn
- 5 Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, and.,6 Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; and
| | - Sophie L Gibbings
- 3 Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Claudia V Jakubzick
- 3 Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.,7 Integrated Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado Denver Anshutz Campus, Denver, Colorado
| | - Peter M Henson
- 3 Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - William J Janssen
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.,2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang N, Liu X, Liu L, Deng Z, Zeng Q, Pang W, Liu Y, Song D, Deng H. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibition promotes lysosome-dependent degradation of c-FLIP L in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:230. [PMID: 29445085 PMCID: PMC5833564 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinase involved in a variety of functions ranging from the control of glycogen metabolism to transcriptional regulation. We recently demonstrated that GSK-3β inhibition triggered ASK1-JNK-dependent apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the comprehensive picture of downstream GSK-3β-regulated pathways/functions remains elusive. In this study, we showed that GSK-3β was aberrantly activated in HCC. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic depletion of GSK-3β suppressed the growth and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in HCC cells. In addition, GSK-3β inhibition-induced apoptosis through downregulation of c-FLIPL in HCC, which was caused by biogenesis of functional lysosomes and subsequently c-FLIPL translocated to lysosome for degradation. This induction of the lysosome-dependent c-FLIPL degradation was associated with nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis. Moreover, GSK-3β inhibition-induced TFEB translocation acts through activation of AMPK and subsequently suppression of mTOR activity. Thus our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which inhibition of GSK-3β promotes lysosome-dependent degradation of c-FLIPL. Our study shows that GSK-3β may become a promising therapeutic target for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaojia Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhesong Deng
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qingxuan Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Weiqiang Pang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Danqing Song
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Hongbin Deng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Allavena G, Cuomo F, Baumgartner G, Bele T, Sellgren AY, Oo KS, Johnson K, Gogvadze V, Zhivotovsky B, Kaminskyy VO. Suppressed translation as a mechanism of initiation of CASP8 (caspase 8)-dependent apoptosis in autophagy-deficient NSCLC cells under nutrient limitation. Autophagy 2018; 14:252-268. [PMID: 29165042 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1405192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy inhibition under stress conditions is often associated with increased cell death. We found that under nutrient limitation, activation of CASP8/caspase-8 was significantly increased in autophagy-deficient lung cancer cells, which precedes mitochondria outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), CYCS/cytochrome c release, and activation of CASP9/caspase-9, indicating that under such conditions the activation of CASP8 is a primary event in the initiation of apoptosis as well as essential to reduce clonogenic survival of autophagy-deficient cells. Starvation leads to suppression of CFLAR proteosynthesis and accumulation of CASP8 in SQSTM1 puncta. Overexpression of CFLARs reduces CASP8 activation and apoptosis during starvation, while its silencing promotes efficient activation of CASP8 and apoptosis in autophagy-deficient U1810 lung cancer cells even under nutrient-rich conditions. Similar to starvation, inhibition of protein translation leads to efficient activation of CASP8 and cell death in autophagy-deficient lung cancer cells. Thus, here for the first time we report that suppressed translation leads to activation of CASP8-dependent apoptosis in autophagy-deficient NSCLC cells under conditions of nutrient limitation. Our data suggest that targeting translational machinery can be beneficial for elimination of autophagy-deficient cells via the CASP8-dependent apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Allavena
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Francesca Cuomo
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Georg Baumgartner
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Tadeja Bele
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Alexander Yarar Sellgren
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Kyaw Soe Oo
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Kaylee Johnson
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Vladimir Gogvadze
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.,b Faculty of Basic Medicine , MV Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.,b Faculty of Basic Medicine , MV Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia
| | - Vitaliy O Kaminskyy
- a Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Regulated Cell Death. DAMAGE-ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERNS IN HUMAN DISEASES 2018. [PMCID: PMC7123501 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78655-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, the various subroutines of regulated cell death are neatly described by highlighting apoptosis and subforms of regulated necrosis such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and NETosis. Typically, all forms of regulated necrosis are defined by finite rupture of the plasma cell membrane. Apoptosis is characterized by an enzymatic machinery that consists of caspases which cause the morphologic features of this type of cell death. Mechanistically, apoptosis can be instigated by two major cellular signalling pathways: an intrinsic pathway that is initiated inside cells by mitochondrial release of pro-apoptotic factors or an extrinsic pathway that is initiated at the cell surface by various death receptors. In necroptosis, the biochemical processes are distinct from those found in apoptosis; in particular, there is no caspase activation. As such, necroptosis is a kinase-mediated cell death that relies on “receptor-interacting protein kinase 3” which mediates phosphorylation of the pseudokinase “mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein.” While ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, oxidative form of regulated necrosis that is biochemically characterized by accumulation of ROS from iron metabolism, oxidase activity, and lipid peroxidation products, pyroptosis is defined as a form of cell death (predominantly of phagocytes) that develops during inflammasome activation and is executed by caspase-mediated cleavage of the pore-forming protein gasdermin D. Finally, NETosis refers to a regulated death of neutrophils that is characterized by the release of chromatin-derived weblike structures released into the extracellular space. The chapter ends up with a discussion on the characteristic feature of regulated necrosis: the passive release of large amounts of constitutive DAMPs as a consequence of final plasma membrane rupture as well as the active secretion of inducible DAMPs earlier during the dying process. Notably, per cell death subroutine, the active secretion of inducible DAMPs varies, thereby determining different immunogenicity of dying cells.
Collapse
|
39
|
Kim EA, Kim SW, Nam J, Sung EG, Song IH, Kim JY, Kwon TK, Lee TJ. Inhibition of c-FLIPL expression by miRNA-708 increases the sensitivity of renal cancer cells to anti-cancer drugs. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31832-46. [PMID: 27092874 PMCID: PMC5077980 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein, cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), has been associated with tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in various human cancers. Therefore, c-FLIP is an excellent target for therapeutic intervention. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are involved in tumorigenesis, tumor suppression, and resistance or sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs. However, whether miRNAs can suppress c-FLIPL expression in cancer cells is unclear. The aim of this study was to identify miRNAs that could inhibit the growth of renal cancer cells and induce cell death by inhibiting c-FLIPL expression. We found that MiRNA-708 and c-FLIPL expression were inversely correlated. While c-FLIPL expression was upregulated, miRNA-708 was rarely expressed in renal cancer cells. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miRNA-708 negatively regulated c-FLIPL expression by binding to the miRNA-708 binding site in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of c-FLIPL. Ectopic expression of miRNA-708 increased the accumulation of sub-G1 populations and cleavage of procaspase-3 and PARP, which could be prevented by pretreatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD. Ectopic expression of miRNA-708 also increased the sensitivity to various apoptotic stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, doxorubicin (Dox), and thapsigargin in Caki cells. Interestingly, miRNA-708 specifically repressed c-FLIPL without any change in c-FLIPs expression. In contrast, inhibition of endogenous miRNA-708 using antago-miRNAs resulted in an increase in c-FLIPL protein expression. The expression of c-FLIPL was upregulated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues compared to normal tissues. In contrast, miRNA-708 expression was reduced in RCC tissues. Finally, miRNA-708 enhanced the tumor-suppressive effect of Dox in a xenograft model of human RCC. In conclusion, miRNA-708 acts as a tumor suppressor because it negatively regulates the anti-apoptotic protein c-FLIPL and regulates the sensitivity of renal cancer cells to various apoptotic stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Nam-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyun Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eon-Gi Sung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Nam-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Song
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Nam-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Young Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Nam-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Nam-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Guo L, Zhang P, Chen Z, Xia H, Li S, Zhang Y, Kobberup S, Zou W, Lin JD. Hepatic neuregulin 4 signaling defines an endocrine checkpoint for steatosis-to-NASH progression. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:4449-4461. [PMID: 29106384 DOI: 10.1172/jci96324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by progressive liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis; however, the mechanisms that govern the transition from hepatic steatosis, which is relatively benign, to NASH remain poorly defined. Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) is an adipose tissue-enriched endocrine factor that elicits beneficial metabolic effects in obesity. Here, we show that Nrg4 is a key component of an endocrine checkpoint that preserves hepatocyte health and counters diet-induced NASH in mice. Nrg4 deficiency accelerated liver injury, fibrosis, inflammation, and cell death in a mouse model of NASH. In contrast, transgenic expression of Nrg4 in adipose tissue alleviated diet-induced NASH. Nrg4 attenuated hepatocyte death in a cell-autonomous manner by blocking ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of c-FLIPL, a negative regulator of cell death. Adeno-associated virus-mediated (AAV-mediated) rescue of hepatic c-FLIPL expression in Nrg4-deficent mice functionally restored the brake for steatosis to NASH transition. Thus, hepatic Nrg4 signaling serves as an endocrine checkpoint for steatosis-to-NASH progression by activating a cytoprotective pathway to counter stress-induced liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Houjun Xia
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Siming Li
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
| | - Sune Kobberup
- Metabolic Disease Research, Novo Nordisk, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Weiping Zou
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jiandie D Lin
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Predescu SA, Zhang J, Bardita C, Patel M, Godbole V, Predescu DN. Mouse Lung Fibroblast Resistance to Fas-Mediated Apoptosis Is Dependent on the Baculoviral Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein 4 and the Cellular FLICE-Inhibitory Protein. Front Physiol 2017; 8:128. [PMID: 28352235 PMCID: PMC5348516 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A characteristic feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is accumulation of apoptotic resistant fibroblasts/myofibroblasts in the fibroblastic foci. As caveolin (Cav)-null mice develop pulmonary fibrosis (PF), we hypothesized that the participating fibroblasts display an apoptosis-resistant phenotype. To test this hypothesis and identify the molecular mechanisms involved we isolated lung fibroblasts from Cav-null mice and examined the expression of several inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs), of c-FLIP, of Bcl-2 proteins and of the death receptor CD95/Fas. We found significant increase in XIAP and c-FLIP constitutive protein expression with no alteration of Bcl-2 and lower levels of CD95/Fas. The isolated fibroblasts were then treated with the CD95/Fas ligand (FasL) to induce apoptosis. While the morphological and biochemical alterations induced by FasL were similar in wild-type (wt) and Cav-null mouse lung fibroblasts, the time course and the extent of the alterations were greater in the Cav-null fibroblasts. Several salient features of Cav-null fibroblasts response such as loss of membrane potential, fragmentation of the mitochondrial continuum concurrent with caspase-8 activation, and subsequent Bid cleavage, prior to caspase-3 activation were detected. Furthermore, M30 antigen formation, phosphatidylserine expression and DNA fragmentation were caspase-3 dependent. SiRNA-mediated silencing of XIAP and c-FLIP, individually or combined, enhanced the sensitivity of lung fibroblasts to FasL-induced apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of Bcl-2 had no effect. Together our findings support a mechanism in which CD95/Fas engagement activates caspase-8, inducing mitochondrial apoptosis through Bid cleavage. XIAP and c-FLIP fine tune this process in a cell-type specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanda A Predescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Rush University, Medical College Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University New York, NY, USA
| | - Cristina Bardita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Rush University, Medical College Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Monal Patel
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Varun Godbole
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Rush University, Medical College Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dan N Predescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Rush University, Medical College Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Park YH, Jeong MS, Jang SB. Structural insights of homotypic interaction domains in the ligand-receptor signal transduction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). BMB Rep 2017; 49:159-66. [PMID: 26615973 PMCID: PMC4915230 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.3.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several members of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily that these
members activate caspase-8 from death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) in TNF
ligand-receptor signal transduction have been identified. In the extrinsic
pathway, apoptotic signal transduction is induced in death domain (DD)
superfamily; it consists of a hexahelical bundle that contains 80 amino acids.
The DD superfamily includes about 100 members that belong to four subfamilies:
death domain (DD), caspase recruitment domain (CARD), pyrin domain (PYD), and
death effector domain (DED). This superfamily contains key building blocks: with
these blocks, multimeric complexes are formed through homotypic interactions.
Furthermore, each DD-binding event occurs exclusively. The DD superfamily
regulates the balance between death and survival of cells. In this study, the
structures, functions, and unique features of DD superfamily members are
compared with their complexes. By elucidating structural insights of DD
superfamily members, we investigate the interaction mechanisms of DD domains;
these domains are involved in TNF ligand-receptor signaling. These DD
superfamily members play a pivotal role in the development of more specific
treatments of cancer. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(3): 159-166]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hoon Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Mi Suk Jeong
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Se Bok Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University; Genetic Engineering Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Lange N, Tontsa AT, Wegscheid C, Mkounga P, Nkengfack AE, Loscher C, Sass G, Tiegs G. The Limonoids TS3 and Rubescin E Induce Apoptosis in Human Hepatoma Cell Lines and Interfere with NF-κB Signaling. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160843. [PMID: 27518192 PMCID: PMC4982607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is extremely resistant towards pharmacological therapy. To date, the multi-kinase inhibitor Sorafenib is the only available therapeutic agent with the potential to prolong patient survival. Using the human hepatoma cell lines HepG2 and Huh7, we analyzed anti-cancer activities of 6 purified havanensin type limonoids isolated from the traditional African medicinal plant Trichilia rubescens Oliv. Our results show that two of the compounds, TR4 (TS3) and TR9 (Rubescin E) reduced hepatoma cell viability, but not primary hepatocyte viability, at TC50s of 5 to 10 μM. These were significantly lower than the TC50s for Sorafenib, the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA or 5-Fluoruracil. In comparison, TR3 (Rubescin D), a limonoid isolated in parallel and structurally highly similar to TR4 and TR9, did not interfere with hepatoma cell viability. Both, TR4 and TR9, but not TR3, induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells and interfered with NF-κB activation. TR4 as well as TR9 significantly supported anti-cancer activities of Sorafenib. In summary, the limonoids TR4 and TR9 exhibit anti-cancer activities and support Sorafenib effects in vitro, having the potential to support future HCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lange
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Armelle Tsamo Tontsa
- University of Yaoundé I, Department of Organic Chemistry, P.O BOX: 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Claudia Wegscheid
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pierre Mkounga
- University of Yaoundé I, Department of Organic Chemistry, P.O BOX: 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Christine Loscher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Sass
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA, United States of America
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hughes MA, Powley IR, Jukes-Jones R, Horn S, Feoktistova M, Fairall L, Schwabe JWR, Leverkus M, Cain K, MacFarlane M. Co-operative and Hierarchical Binding of c-FLIP and Caspase-8: A Unified Model Defines How c-FLIP Isoforms Differentially Control Cell Fate. Mol Cell 2016; 61:834-49. [PMID: 26990987 PMCID: PMC4819448 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) initiates death receptor-induced apoptosis. DISC assembly and activation are controlled by c-FLIP isoforms, which function as pro-apoptotic (c-FLIPL only) or anti-apoptotic (c-FLIPL/c-FLIPS) regulators of procaspase-8 activation. Current models assume that c-FLIP directly competes with procaspase-8 for recruitment to FADD. Using a functional reconstituted DISC, structure-guided mutagenesis, and quantitative LC-MS/MS, we show that c-FLIPL/S binding to the DISC is instead a co-operative procaspase-8-dependent process. FADD initially recruits procaspase-8, which in turn recruits and heterodimerizes with c-FLIPL/S via a hierarchical binding mechanism. Procaspase-8 activation is regulated by the ratio of unbound c-FLIPL/S to procaspase-8, which determines composition of the procaspase-8:c-FLIPL/S heterodimer. Thus, procaspase-8:c-FLIPL exhibits localized enzymatic activity and is preferentially an activator, promoting DED-mediated procaspase-8 oligomer assembly, whereas procaspase-8:c-FLIPS lacks activity and potently blocks procaspase-8 activation. This co-operative hierarchical binding model explains the dual role of c-FLIPL and crucially defines how c-FLIP isoforms differentially control cell fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Hughes
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, P.O. Box 138, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Ian R Powley
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, P.O. Box 138, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Rebekah Jukes-Jones
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, P.O. Box 138, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Sebastian Horn
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maria Feoktistova
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Louise Fairall
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - John W R Schwabe
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Martin Leverkus
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kelvin Cain
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, P.O. Box 138, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
| | - Marion MacFarlane
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, P.O. Box 138, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gates LT, Shisler JL. cFLIPL Interrupts IRF3-CBP-DNA Interactions To Inhibit IRF3-Driven Transcription. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:923-33. [PMID: 27342840 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Type I IFN induction is critical for antiviral and anticancer defenses. Proper downregulation of type I IFN is equally important to avoid deleterious imbalances in the immune response. The cellular FLIP long isoform protein (cFLIPL) controls type I IFN production, but opposing publications show it as either an inhibitor or inducer of type I IFN synthesis. Regardless, the mechanistic basis for cFLIPL regulation is unknown. Because cFLIPL is important in immune cell development and proliferation, and is a target for cancer therapies, it is important to identify how cFLIPL regulates type I IFN production. Data in this study show that cFLIPL inhibits IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), a transcription factor central for IFN-β and IFN-stimulated gene expression. This inhibition occurs during virus infection, cellular exposure to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, or TBK1 overexpression. This inhibition is independent of capase-8 activity. cFLIPL binds to IRF3 and disrupts IRF3 interaction with its IFN-β promoter and its coactivator protein (CREB-binding protein). Mutational analyses reveal that cFLIPL nuclear localization is necessary and sufficient for inhibitory function. This suggests that nuclear cFLIPL prevents IRF3 enhanceosome formation. Unlike other cellular IRF3 inhibitors, cFLIPL did not degrade or dephosphorylate IRF3. Thus, cFLIPL represents a different cellular strategy to inhibit type I IFN production. This new cFLIPL function must be considered to accurately understand how cFLIPL affects immune system development and regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T Gates
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Joanna L Shisler
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lei S, Yang J, Chen C, Sun J, Yang L, Tang H, Yang T, Chen A, Zhao H, Li Y, Du X. FLIP(L) is critical for aerobic glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:79. [PMID: 27178057 PMCID: PMC4865989 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Tumor cells use aerobic glycolysis to rapidly generate ATP and growth substrate which expenses a large amount of glucose. However, how tumor cells take in enough glucose from the tumor microenvironment of insufficient blood supply remains poorly understood. The cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (FLIP), a cell apoptosis inhibiting molecule, is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is implicated in HCC development. Methods The effects of FLIPL (the long form of FLIP) on aerobic glycolysis and glucose uptake were assessed in HCC cells and xenograft tumors. The correlations between FLIPL expression and sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) expression in clinical HCC tissues were analyzed. The consequences of FLIPL-induced regulation of SGLT1 at the transcription and translation levels and the interaction between FLIPL and SGLT1 were examined. FLIPL-mediated tolerance upon glucose limitation and its mechanism were detected. Results We report a novel role for FLIPL in promoting the aerobic glycolysis of HCC cells. FLIPL overexpression induced a significant increase in cell aerobic glycolysis indexes including glucose uptake, glucose consumption, and lactate production. FLIPL co-localized and interacted with SGLT1, a major active glucose transporter in HCC cells. FLIPL increased the stability of SGLT1 protein by inhibiting its ubiquitination and degradation. The expression level of FLIPL was positively correlated with the expression level of SGLT1 in 79 HCC tissues from surgical operation. Furthermore, FLIPL increased cell tolerance ability and decreased cell apoptosis to low glucose by regulating SGLT1. Conclusions Our results indicate that FLIPL plays an essential role in HCC aerobic glycolysis and that SGLT1 is required for FLIPL-modulated tumor proliferation under low glucose conditions. Targeting the actions of FLIPL in cell glucose-dependent aerobic glycolysis may provide an attractive strategy for therapeutic intervention in HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-016-0358-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jiandong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, 210 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Haili Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huadong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Xilin Du
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zimmer C, Schleich K, Lavrik I. Parameter identification using stochastic simulations reveals a robustness in CD95 apoptotic response. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:1486-95. [PMID: 27004466 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00028b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A number of mathematical models of apoptosis generated recently allowed us to understand intrinsic mechanisms of life/death decisions in a cell. Nevertheless, the parameters for the mathematical models are often experimentally difficult to obtain and there is an emerging need for the development of efficient approaches for parameter estimation. In this study we suggest a new method for parameter estimation, which is based on stochastic simulations and can be used when the number of molecules in the system is small. Our approach comprised the following steps: we start from the selection of parameters that lead to a good ordinary differential equation (ODE) fit. We continued by carrying out stochastic simulations for each of these parameters. Comparing the correlation structure of these simulations with the data, we finally could identify the best parameter set. The method was applied for a model of CD95-induced apoptosis, the new best identified parameters fit well to the experimental data. The best parameter set allowed us to get new insights into CD95 apoptosis regulation and can be applied for the comprehensive analysis of other signaling networks. The modeling approach allowed us to get new insights into network regulation, in particular, to identify robustness in CD95 apoptotic response. Taken together, this new method provides valuable predictions and can be applied for the analysis of other signaling networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Inna Lavrik
- Translational Inflammation Research, OvGU, Pfälzer Platz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Balance between short and long isoforms of cFLIP regulates Fas-mediated apoptosis in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1606-11. [PMID: 26798068 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1517562113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
cFLIP, an inhibitor of apoptosis, is a crucial regulator of cellular death by apoptosis and necroptosis; its importance in development is exemplified by the embryonic lethality in cFLIP-deficient animals. A homolog of caspase 8 (CASP8), cFLIP exists in two main isoforms: cFLIPL (long) and cFLIPR (short). Although both splice variants regulate death receptor (DR)-induced apoptosis by CASP8, the specific role of each isoform is poorly understood. Here, we report a previously unidentified model of resistance to Fas receptor-mediated liver failure in the wild-derived MSM strain, compared with susceptibility in C57BL/6 (B6) mice. Linkage analysis in F2 intercross (B6 x MSM) progeny identified several MSM loci controlling resistance to Fas-mediated death, including the caspase 8- and FADD-like apoptosis regulator (Cflar) locus encoding cFLIP. Furthermore, we identified a 21-bp insertion in the 3' UTR of the fifth exon of Cflar in MSM that influences differential splicing of cFLIP mRNA. Intriguingly, we observed that MSM liver cells predominantly express the FLIPL variant, in contrast to B6 liver cells, which have higher levels of cFLIPR. In keeping with this finding, genome-wide RNA sequencing revealed a relative abundance of FLIPL transcripts in MSM hepatocytes whereas B6 liver cells had significantly more FLIPR mRNA. Importantly, we show that, in the MSM liver, CASP8 is present exclusively as its cleaved p43 product, bound to cFLIPL. Because of partial enzymatic activity of the heterodimer, it might prevent necroptosis. On the other hand, it prevents cleavage of CASP8 to p10/20 necessary for cleavage of caspase 3 and, thus, apoptosis induction. Therefore, MSM hepatocytes are predisposed for protection from DR-mediated cell death.
Collapse
|
50
|
Novel Investigations of Flavonoids as Chemopreventive Agents for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:840542. [PMID: 26858957 PMCID: PMC4695650 DOI: 10.1155/2015/840542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We would like to highlight the application of natural products to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We will focus on the natural products known as flavonoids, which target this disease at different stages of hepatocarcinogenesis. In spite of the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in treating HCC, patients with HCC still face poor prognosis because of the nature of multidrug resistance and toxicity derived from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Flavonoids can be found in many vegetables, fruits, and herbal medicines that exert their different anticancer effects via different intracellular signaling pathways and serve as antioxidants. In this review, we will discuss seven common flavonoids that exert different biological effects against HCC via different pathways.
Collapse
|