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Kalarani A, Vinodha V, Moses IR. Inter-relations of brain neurosteroids and monoamines towards reproduction in fish. REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Timothy M, Forlano PM. Serotonin distribution in the brain of the plainfin midshipman: Substrates for vocal-acoustic modulation and a reevaluation of the serotonergic system in teleost fishes. J Comp Neurol 2020; 528:3451-3478. [PMID: 32361985 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) is a modulator of neural circuitry underlying motor patterning, homeostatic control, and social behavior. While previous studies have described 5-HT distribution in various teleosts, serotonergic raphe subgroups in fish are not well defined and therefore remain problematic for cross-species comparisons. Here we used the plainfin midshipman fish, Porichthys notatus, a well-studied model for investigating the neural and hormonal mechanisms of vertebrate vocal-acoustic communication, to redefine raphe subgroups based on both stringent neuroanatomical landmarks as well as quantitative cell measurements. In addition, we comprehensively characterized 5-HT-immunoreactive (-ir) innervation throughout the brain, including well-delineated vocal and auditory nuclei. We report neuroanatomical heterogeneity in populations of the serotonergic raphe nuclei of the brainstem reticular formation, with three discrete subregions in the superior raphe, an intermediate 5-HT-ir cell cluster, and an extensive inferior raphe population. 5-HT-ir neurons were also observed within the vocal motor nucleus (VMN), forming putative contacts on those cells. In addition, three major 5-HT-ir cell groups were identified in the hypothalamus and one group in the pretectum. Significant 5-HT-ir innervation was found in components of the vocal pattern generator and cranial motor nuclei. All vocal midbrain nuclei showed considerable 5-HT-ir innervation, as did thalamic and hindbrain auditory and lateral line areas and vocal-acoustic integration sites in the preoptic area and ventral telencephalon. This comprehensive atlas offers new insights into the organization of 5-HT nuclei in teleosts and provides neuroanatomical evidence for serotonin as a modulator of vocal-acoustic circuitry and behavior in midshipman fish, consistent with findings in vocal tetrapods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miky Timothy
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA
| | - Paul M Forlano
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA.,Biology Subprogram in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York, 10016, USA.,Biology Subprogram in Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York, 10016, USA.,Psychology Subprogram in Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York, 10016, USA.,Aquatic Research and Environmental Assessment Center, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, USA
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Adidharma W, Deats SP, Ikeno T, Lipton JW, Lonstein JS, Yan L. Orexinergic modulation of serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe of a diurnal rodent, Arvicanthis niloticus. Horm Behav 2019; 116:104584. [PMID: 31445011 PMCID: PMC6885537 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2019.104584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamic neuropeptide, orexin (or hypocretin), is implicated in numerous physiology and behavioral functions, including affective states such as depression and anxiety. The underlying mechanisms and neural circuits through which orexin modulates affective responses remain unclear. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the serotonin (5-HT) system of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is a downstream target through which orexin potentially manifests its role in affective states. Using a diurnal rodent, the Nile grass rat (Arvicanthis niloticus), we first characterized the expression of the orexin receptors OX1R and OX2R in the DRN using in situ hybridization. The results revealed distinct distributions of OX1R and OX2R mRNAs, with OX1R predominantly expressed in the dorsal and lateral wings of the DRN that are involved in affective processes, while OX2R was mostly found in the ventral DRN that is more involved in sensory-motor function. We next examined how the orexin-OX1R pathway regulates 5-HT in the DRN and some of its projection sites using a selective OX1R antagonist SB-334867 (10 mg/kg, i.p.). A single injection of SB-334867 decreased 5-HT-ir fibers within the anterior cingulate cortex (aCgC); five once-daily administrations of SB-334867 decreased 5-HT-ir not only in the aCgC but also in the DRN, oval bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (ovBNST), nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh), and periaqueductal gray (PAG). HPLC analysis revealed that five once-daily administrations of SB-334867 did not affect 5-HT turnover to any of the five sites, although it increased the levels of both 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the NAcSh. These results together suggest that orexinergic modulation of DRN 5-HT neurons via OX1Rs may be one pathway through which orexin regulates mood and anxiety, as well as perhaps other neurobiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widya Adidharma
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Sean P Deats
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Tomoko Ikeno
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jack W Lipton
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Department of Translational Science & Molecular Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Joseph S Lonstein
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lily Yan
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Morandini L, Ramallo MR, Moreira RG, Höcht C, Somoza GM, Silva A, Pandolfi M. Serotonergic outcome, stress and sexual steroid hormones, and growth in a South American cichlid fish fed with an L-tryptophan enriched diet. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 223:27-37. [PMID: 26449161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Reared animals for edible or ornamental purposes are frequently exposed to high aggression and stressful situations. These factors generally arise from conspecifics in densely breeding conditions. In vertebrates, serotonin (5-HT) has been postulated as a key neuromodulator and neurotransmitter involved in aggression and stress. The essential amino acid L-tryptophan (trp) is crucial for the synthesis of 5-HT, and so, leaves a gateway for indirectly augmenting brain 5-HT levels by means of a trp-enriched diet. The cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus, locally known as chanchita, is an autochthonous, potentially ornamental species and a fruitful laboratory model which behavior and reproduction has been studied over the last 15years. It presents complex social hierarchies, and great asymmetries between subordinate and dominant animals in respect to aggression, stress, and reproductive chance. The first aim of this work was to perform a morphological description of chanchita's brain serotonergic system, in both males and females. Then, we evaluated the effects of a trp-supplemented diet, given during 4weeks, on brain serotonergic activity, stress and sexual steroid hormones, and growth in isolated specimens. Results showed that chanchita's brain serotonergic system is composed of several populations of neurons located in three main areas: pretectum, hypothalamus and raphe, with no clear differences between males and females at a morphological level. Animals fed with trp-enriched diets exhibited higher forebrain serotonergic activity and a significant reduction in their relative cortisol levels, with no effects on sexual steroid plasma levels or growth parameters. Thus, this study points to food trp enrichment as a "neurodietary'' method for elevating brain serotonergic activity and decreasing stress, without affecting growth or sex steroid hormone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Morandini
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología y Comportamiento, DBBE e IBBEA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Intendente Güirlades 2160, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Roberto Ramallo
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología y Comportamiento, DBBE e IBBEA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Intendente Güirlades 2160, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências-USP, Rua do Matão, travessa 14, n.321, sala 220 CidadeUniversitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christian Höcht
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, (C1113AAD) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Manuel Somoza
- IIB-INTECH (CONICET-UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino km 8.2 (B 7130IWA) Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Silva
- Unidad Bases Neurales de la Conducta, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Avda. Italia 3318, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Matías Pandolfi
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología y Comportamiento, DBBE e IBBEA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Intendente Güirlades 2160, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Loveland JL, Uy N, Maruska KP, Carpenter RE, Fernald RD. Social status differences regulate the serotonergic system of a cichlid fish, Astatotilapia burtoni. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 217:2680-90. [PMID: 24855673 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) inhibits aggression and modulates aspects of sexual behaviour in many species, but the mechanisms responsible are not well understood. Here, we exploited the social dominance hierarchy of Astatotilapia burtoni to understand the role of the serotonergic system in long-term maintenance of social status. We identified three populations of 5-HT cells in dorsal and ventral periventricular pretectal nuclei (PPd, PPv), the nucleus of the paraventricular organ (PVO) and raphe. Dominant males had more 5-HT cells than subordinates in the raphe, but the size of these cells did not differ between social groups. Subordinates had higher serotonergic turnover in the raphe and preoptic area (POA), a nucleus essential for hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis function. The relative abundance of mRNAs for 5-HT receptor (5-HTR) subtypes 1A and 2A (htr1a, htr2a) was higher in subordinates, a difference restricted to the telencephalon. Because social status is tightly linked to reproductive capacity, we asked whether serotonin turnover and the expression of its receptors correlated with testes size and circulating levels of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT). We found negative correlations between both raphe and POA serotonin turnover and testes size, as well as between htr1a mRNA levels and circulating 11-KT. Thus, increased serotonin turnover in non-aggressive males is restricted to specific brain nuclei and is associated with increased expression of 5-HTR subtypes 1A and 2A exclusively in the telencephalon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine L Loveland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Natalie Uy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Karen P Maruska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Russ E Carpenter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Russell D Fernald
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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