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Ma R, Li Y, Dong X, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zou H, Wang Y. PAX6/CXCL14 regulatory axis promotes the repair of corneal injury by enhancing corneal epithelial cell proliferation. J Transl Med 2024; 22:458. [PMID: 38750454 PMCID: PMC11094923 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05270-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corneal injuries, often leading to severe vision loss or blindness, have traditionally been treated with the belief that limbal stem cells (LSCs) are essential for repair and homeostasis, while central corneal epithelial cells (CCECs) were thought incapable of such repair. However, our research reveals that CCECs can fully heal and maintain the homeostasis of injured corneas in rats, even without LSCs. We discovered that CXCL14, under PAX6's influence, significantly boosts the stemness, proliferation, and migration of CCECs, facilitating corneal wound healing and homeostasis. This finding introduces CXCL14 as a promising new drug target for corneal injury treatment. METHODS To investigate the PAX6/CXCL14 regulatory axis's role in CCECs wound healing, we cultured human corneal epithelial cell lines with either increased or decreased expression of PAX6 and CXCL14 using adenovirus transfection in vitro. Techniques such as coimmunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence staining, western blot, real-time PCR, cell colony formation, and cell cycle analysis were employed to validate the axis's function. In vivo, a rat corneal epithelial injury model was developed to further confirm the PAX6/CXCL14 axis's mechanism in repairing corneal damage and maintaining corneal homeostasis, as well as to assess the potential of CXCL14 protein as a therapeutic agent for corneal injuries. RESULTS Our study reveals that CCECs naturally express high levels of CXCL14, which is significantly upregulated by PAX6 following corneal damage. We identified SDC1 as CXCL14's receptor, whose engagement activates the NF-κB pathway to stimulate corneal repair by enhancing the stemness, proliferative, and migratory capacities of CCECs. Moreover, our research underscores CXCL14's therapeutic promise for corneal injuries, showing that recombinant CXCL14 effectively accelerates corneal healing in rat models. CONCLUSION CCECs play a critical and independent role in the repair of corneal injuries and the maintenance of corneal homeostasis, distinct from that of LSCs. The PAX6/CXCL14 regulatory axis is pivotal in this process. Additionally, our research demonstrates that the important function of CXCL14 in corneal repair endows it with the potential to be developed into a novel therapeutic agent for treating corneal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijue Ma
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yingxi Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1UD, UK
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiaosu Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Haohan Zou
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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İYİBOZKURT A, ÇAKMAKOĞLU B, ERTUGRUL B, İPLİK ES. NF-қB and COX-2 Relation Between Endometrial Cancer and the Clinicopathological Parameters. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1049382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Our study examines nuclear factor kappa B (NF-қB) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) polymorphisms in the most common gynecological cancer type, endometrial cancer, and the relationship between disease parameters and these polymorphisms.
Methods: In our patient group; while 109 endometrial cancer patients were examined and treated in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, and 106 healthy women without the disease were included in the control group. DNA of blood samples taken from all groups were isolated; COX-2 765C> G and COX-2 1195A> G polymorphisms were studied with NF-қB-94 ins / delATTG. Genotypes analyzed using the PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) method were investigated in terms of the relationship between endometrial cancer susceptibility and endometrial cancer disease parameters. Results in SPSS 17 program; Student’s t-tests were analyzed
using Anova, Fisher’s exact, and Chi-square tests.
Results: NF-қB D + and DD genotype, COX-2 765 G + and GG genotype, and COX-2 1195 AA genotype were found to be significantly more common in the endometrial cancer group compared to the control group (p
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bedia ÇAKMAKOĞLU
- İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, AZİZ SANCAR DENEYSEL TIP ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ
| | - Baris ERTUGRUL
- ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY, AZIZ SANCAR INSTITUTE OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
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Jang B, Kim A, Hwang J, Song HK, Kim Y, Oh ES. Emerging Role of Syndecans in Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Cancer. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:863-870. [PMID: 32623937 PMCID: PMC7711240 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420930112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) offers a structural basis for regulating cell functions while also acting as a collection point for bioactive molecules and connective tissue cells. To perform pathological functions under a pathological condition, the involved cells need to regulate the ECM to support their altered functions. This is particularly common in the development of cancer. The ECM has been recognized as a key driver of cancer development and progression, and ECM remodeling occurs at all stages of cancer progression. Thus, cancer cells need to change the ECM to support relevant cell surface adhesion receptor-mediated cell functions. In this context, it is interesting to examine how cancer cells regulate ECM remodeling, which is critical to tumor malignancy and metastatic progression. Here, we review how the cell surface adhesion receptor, syndecan, regulates ECM remodeling as cancer progresses, and explore how this can help us better understand ECM remodeling under these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohee Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayoung Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kuk Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjeon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eok-Soo Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hassan N, Greve B, Espinoza-Sánchez NA, Götte M. Cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans as multifunctional integrators of signaling in cancer. Cell Signal 2020; 77:109822. [PMID: 33152440 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycans (PGs) represent a large proportion of the components that constitute the extracellular matrix (ECM). They are a diverse group of glycoproteins characterized by a covalent link to a specific glycosaminoglycan type. As part of the ECM, heparan sulfate (HS)PGs participate in both physiological and pathological processes including cell recruitment during inflammation and the promotion of cell proliferation, adhesion and motility during development, angiogenesis, wound repair and tumor progression. A key function of HSPGs is their ability to modulate the expression and function of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, morphogens, and adhesion molecules. This is due to their capacity to act as ligands or co-receptors for various signal-transducing receptors, affecting pathways such as FGF, VEGF, chemokines, integrins, Wnt, notch, IL-6/JAK-STAT3, and NF-κB. The activation of those pathways has been implicated in the induction, progression, and malignancy of a tumor. For many years, the study of signaling has allowed for designing specific drugs targeting these pathways for cancer treatment, with very positive results. Likewise, HSPGs have become the subject of cancer research and are increasingly recognized as important therapeutic targets. Although they have been studied in a variety of preclinical and experimental models, their mechanism of action in malignancy still needs to be more clearly defined. In this review, we discuss the role of cell-surface HSPGs as pleiotropic modulators of signaling in cancer and identify them as promising markers and targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Hassan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany; Biotechnology Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiotherapy-Radiooncology, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nancy A Espinoza-Sánchez
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy-Radiooncology, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A1, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Münster, Germany.
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Xia Q, Jin H, Zhang X, Yan W, Meng D, Ding B, Cao J, Li D, Wang S. Prognosis prediction signature of seven immune genes based on HPV status in cervical cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106935. [PMID: 32889244 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) has a high incidence and mortality rate, with a low 5-year survival rate, and human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of its carcinogenic risks. However, little evidence exists on the impact of HPV infection on the survival of patients with CC. In the present study, the CC cohort and immune genes were downloaded from the TCGA database and the ImmPort database, respectively. Subsequently, the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed and found that HPV status was involved in multiple immune signaling pathways, which revealed that HPV infection might play critical roles in the immune response. Then seven prognostic immune genes were identified according to HPV status in CC. Using the seven immune genes, we established an immune risk score (IRS) signature and the Kaplan-Meier curve showed that high IRS was significantly correlated with poor prognosis of CC in both the training sets (HR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.66-3.33; AUC = 0.712) and the validation sets (HR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.02-1.85 and AUC = 0.583 in TCGA-HNSCC; HR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.364-4.893, AUC = 0.676 in GSE44001). A nomogram of IRS combined with clinical features was established, and further analyses demonstrated that the power of the nomogram to predict the prognosis of CC was more reliable than that of a single independent factor. In conclusion, this study provided a more comprehensive understanding of the correlation between HPV and immune mechanisms as well as a novel signature that can effectively predict the prognosis of CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University (Nantong Tumor Hospital), Nantong, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenjing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Dan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Dake Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shizhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhang C, Guo F, Chang M, Zhou Z, Yi L, Gao C, Huang X, Huan J. Exosome-delivered syndecan-1 rescues acute lung injury via a FAK/p190RhoGAP/RhoA/ROCK/NF-κB signaling axis and glycocalyx enhancement. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111596. [PMID: 31487506 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by protein-rich pulmonary edema, critical hypoxemia, and influx of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cells. There are currently no effective pharmacon therapies in clinical practice. Syndecan-1 in endothelial cells has potential to protect barrier function of endothelium and suppress inflammation response. Thus, the present study was to identify whether exosomes with encapsulation of syndecan-1 could achieve ideal therapeutic effects in ALI. Exosomes were isolated from the conditional medium of lentivirus-transfected mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (MPMVECs) and characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and western blotting. ALI mouse models were induced via intratracheal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with exosomes. Lung edema, inflammation, and glycocalyx thickness were examined. The possible mechanism was verified by immunoblotting in MPMVECs. The purified exosomes included SDC1-high-Exos and SDC1-low-Exos which loaded with up-regulated syndecan-1 and down-regulated syndecan-1 respectively. Compared with SDC1-low-Exos, administration of SDC1-high-Exos could ameliorate lung edema and inflammation, attenuate number of cells and protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and preserve glycocalyx. Furthermore, SDC1-high-Exos also mitigated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 following LPS challenge. In MPMVECs, SDC1-high-Exos decreased stress fiber formation and ameliorated monolayer hyper-permeability after LPS stimulation. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that FAK/p190RhoGAP/RhoA/ROCK/NF-κB signaling pathway may be involved in LPS-induced ALI. In conclusion, SDC1-high-Exos play a pivotal role in ameliorating LPS-stimulated ALI models and may be served as a potential therapeutic agent for clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuankai Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, 230022, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengling Chang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, 230022, China
| | - Zengding Zhou
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, 230022, China
| | - Lei Yi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, 230022, China
| | - Chengjin Gao
- Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoqin Huang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, 230022, China.
| | - Jingning Huan
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, 230022, China.
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Circadian protein BMAL1 promotes breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis by up-regulating matrix metalloproteinase9 expression. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:182. [PMID: 31346317 PMCID: PMC6636133 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis is an important factor in the poor prognosis of breast cancer. As an important core clock protein, brain and muscle arnt-like 1 (BMAL1) is closely related to tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms that mediate the role of BMAL1 in invasion and metastasis remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the BMAL1 may take a crucial effect in the progression of breast cancer cells. Methods BMAL1 and MMP9 expression was measured in breast cell lines. Transwell and scratch wound-healing assays were used to detect the movement of cells and MTT assays and clonal formation assays were used to assess cells’ proliferation. The effects of BMAL1 on the MMP9/NF-κB pathway were examined by western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation and mammalian two-hybrid. Results In our study, it showed that cell migration and invasion were significantly enhanced when overexpressed BMAL1. Functionally, overexpression BMAL1 significantly increased the mRNA and protein level of matrix metalloproteinase9 (MMP9) and improved the activity of MMP9. Moreover, BMAL1 activated the NF-κB signaling pathway by increasing the phosphorylation of IκB and promoted human MMP9 promoter activity by interacting with NF-kB p65, leading to increased expression of MMP9. When overexpressed BMAL1, CBP (CREB binding protein) was recruited to enhance the activity of p65 and further activate the NF-κB signaling pathway to regulate the expression of its downstream target genes, including MMP9, TNFα, uPA and IL8, and then promote the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Conclusions This study confirmed a new mechanism by which BMAL1 up-regulated MMP9 expression to increase breast cancer metastasis, to provide research support for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
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Molecular Modifiers of Hormone Receptor Action: Decreased Androgen Receptor Expression in Mismatch Repair Deficient Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2019; 38:44-51. [PMID: 29210800 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial endometrioid carcinoma is related to estrogen excess and expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors. Epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to elevated androgens, as in polycystic ovarian syndrome, increases the risk of endometrial cancer. Factors impacting androgen receptor (AR) expression are not well studied. Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency due to MLH1 gene methylation is one of the most common molecular alterations in endometrial cancer, occurring in 15% to 20% of cases. MLH1 methylation can be associated with decreased expression of other genes, so we examined the effect of MMR status on AR expression. As NF-κB is known to induce AR, this transcription factor was also examined. Three hundred forty-four unselected endometrial carcinomas were evaluated for DNA MMR. Loss of expression of MLH1 with MLH1 methylation was defined as MMR deficient, and positive expression of MMR proteins was defined as MMR intact. A case-control cohort of 96 grade 2 endometrioid carcinomas was studied from this set (47 MMR deficient, 49 MMR intact). Cases were matched for histotype, grade, and age. AR and NF-κB immunohistochemical expression were evaluated by 2 different scoring systems (CAP/ASCO and Allred) used for estrogen receptor. Despite higher levels of NF-κB, MMR deficiency was associated with a significantly lower mean percentage of AR expression. The MMR deficient group had more variable AR expression, with more cases scoring on the lower end of the spectrum. These findings have implications for clinical trials of AR antagonists in gynecologic cancers.
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Li BL, Lu W, Qu JJ, Ye L, Du GQ, Wan XP. Loss of exosomal miR-148b from cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes endometrial cancer cell invasion and cancer metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:2943-2953. [PMID: 30146796 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play crucial roles in tumor progression, given the dependence of cancer cells on stromal support. Therefore, understanding how CAFs communicate with endometrial cancer cell in tumor environment is important for endometrial cancer therapy. Exosomes, which contain proteins and noncoding RNA, are identified as an important mediator of cell-cell communication. However, the function of exosomes in endometrial cancer metastasis remains poorly understood. In the current study we found that CAF-derived exosomes significantly promoted endometrial cancer cell invasion comparing to those from normal fibroblasts (NFs). We identified a significant decrease of miR-148b in CAFs and CAFs-derived exosomes. By exogenously transfect microRNAs, we demonstrated that miR-148b could be transferred from CAFs to endometrial cancer cell through exosomes. In vitro and in vivo studies further revealed that miR-148b functioned as a tumor suppressor by directly binding to its downstream target gene, DNMT1 to suppress endometrial cancer metastasis. In endometrial cancer DNMT1 presented a potential role in enhancing cancer cell metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Therefore, downregulated miR-148b induced EMT of endometrial cancer cell as a result of relieving the suppression of DNMT1. Taken together, these results suggest that CAFs-mediated endometrial cancer progression is partially related to the loss of miR-148b in the exosomes of CAFs and promoting the transfer of stromal cell-derived miR-148b might be a potential treatment to prevent endometrial cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Lan Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Jie Qu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gui-Qiang Du
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wan
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jiang S, Liu Y, Huang L, Zhang F, Kang R. Effects of propofol on cancer development and chemotherapy: Potential mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 831:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Gu Y, Zhang CWH, Wang L, Zhao Y, Wang H, Ye Q, Gao S. Association Analysis between Body Mass Index and Genomic DNA Methylation across 15 Major Cancer Types. J Cancer 2018; 9:2532-2542. [PMID: 30026852 PMCID: PMC6036895 DOI: 10.7150/jca.23535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality increase with increasing body mass index (BMI), but BMI-associated epigenetic alterations in cancer remain elusive. We hypothesized that BMI would be associated with DNA methylation alterations in cancers. To test this hypothesis, here, we estimated the associations between DNA methylation and BMI through two different methods across 15 cancer types, at approximately 485,000 CpG sites and 2415 samples using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. After comparing the DNA methylation levels in control BMI and high BMI individuals, we found differentially methylated CpG sites (DMSs) in cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL), colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) (False Discovery Rate < 0.05). The DMSs of COAD or UCEC were enriched in several obesity-induced and cancer-related pathways. Next, when BMI was used as a continuous variable, we identified BMI-associated methylated CpG sites (BMS) (P (Bonferroni) < 0.05) in CHOL (BMS = 1), COAD (BMS = 1), and UCEC (BMS = 4) using multivariable linear regression. In UCEC, three of the BMSs can predict the clinical outcomes and survival of patients with the tumors. Overall, we observed associations between DNA methylation and high BMI in CHOL, COAD, and UCEC. Furthermore, three BMI-associated CpGs were identified as potential biomarkers for UCEC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinmin Gu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China
| | | | - Liang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuhui Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Qinong Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shan Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, China.,Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Pisamai S, Rungsipipat A, Kunnasut N, Suriyaphol G. Immunohistochemical Expression Profiles of Cell Adhesion Molecules, Matrix Metalloproteinases and their Tissue Inhibitors in Central and Peripheral Neoplastic Foci of Feline Mammary Carcinoma. J Comp Pathol 2017; 157:150-162. [PMID: 28942298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) is a common cancer with high metastatic potential and high mortality rate. Loss of cell-cell interactions and degradation of the extracellular matrix by proteinases enhances tumour invasion and metastasis. Peripheral neoplastic foci (PNF) are defined as the presence of discrete tumour cell clusters, splitting off from central neoplastic foci (CNF) and lodging around these CNF. PNF therefore locate at the tumour-host interface at the site of invasion. The aim of this study was to evaluate immunohistochemically the expression of cell adhesion molecules (e-cadherin [CDH-1], syndecan 1 [SDC-1] and nectin-2), matrix metalloproteinases (matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-2, MMP-7 and MMP-9) and their tissue inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase [TIMP]-1 and TIMP-2) together with the cellular proliferation marker, Ki67, in CNF and PNF of FMCs of different clinical stages and histological grades. Compared with control sections from areas of mammary gland hyperplasia, lower expression of MMP-7 and TIMP-2 was observed in all stages. Increased expression of TIMP-1 was observed in PNF in early-stage disease with no metastasis, while marked expression of CDH-1 and Ki67 occurred in late-stage FMC. In addition, the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in PNF of tumours with high histological grade (grade III) was higher than in low-grade tumours. The observed divergent protein expression in PNF could potentially form the basis of acting as novel markers in FMC. Potential markers may include the expression of TIMP-1 in PNF in early stage lesions, the expression of CDH-1 and Ki67 in late stages and the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in high-grade tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pisamai
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Companion Animal Cancer Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - A Rungsipipat
- Companion Animal Cancer Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - N Kunnasut
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Companion Animal Cancer Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - G Suriyaphol
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Companion Animal Cancer Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Syndecan-1 Acts as an Important Regulator of CXCL1 Expression and Cellular Interaction of Human Endometrial Stromal and Trophoblast Cells. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:8379256. [PMID: 28293067 PMCID: PMC5331292 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8379256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful implantation of the embryo into the human receptive endometrium is substantial for the establishment of a healthy pregnancy. This study focusses on the role of Syndecan-1 at the embryo-maternal interface, the multitasking coreceptor influencing ligand concentration, release and receptor presentation, and cellular morphology. CXC motif ligand 1, being involved in chemotaxis and angiogenesis during implantation, is of special interest as a ligand of Syndecan-1. Human endometrial stromal cells with and without Syndecan-1 knock-down were decidualized and treated with specific inhibitors to evaluate signaling pathways regulating CXC ligand 1 expression. Western blot analyses of MAPK and Wnt members were performed, followed by analysis of spheroid interactions between human endometrial cells and extravillous trophoblast cells. By mimicking embryo contact using IL-1β, we showed less ERK and c-Jun activation by depletion of Syndecan-1 and less Frizzled 4 production as part of the canonical Wnt pathway. Additionally, more beta-catenin was phosphorylated and therefore degraded after depletion of Syndecan-1. Secretion of CXC motif ligand 1 depends on MEK-1 with respect to Syndecan-1. Regarding the interaction of endometrial and trophoblast cells, the spheroid center-to-center distances were smaller after depletion of Syndecan-1. Therefore, Syndecan-1 seems to affect signaling processes relevant to signaling and intercellular interaction at the trophoblast-decidual interface.
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Huang X, Teng Y, Yang H, Ma J. Propofol inhibits invasion and growth of ovarian cancer cells via regulating miR-9/NF-κB signal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 49:e5717. [PMID: 27982283 PMCID: PMC5188862 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Propofol is one of the most commonly used intravenous anesthetic agents during cancer
resection surgery. A previous study has found that propofol can inhibit invasion and
induce apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are not
known. miR-9 has been reported to be little expressed in ovarian cancer cells, which
has been related to a poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. Studies have
also demonstrated that propofol could induce microRNAs expression and suppress NF-κB
activation in some situations. In the present study, we assessed whether propofol
inhibits invasion and induces apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells by miR-9/NF-κB
signaling. Ovarian cancer ES-2 cells were transfected with anti-miR-9 or p65 cDNA or
p65 siRNA for 24 h, after which the cells were treated with different concentrations
of propofol (1, 5, and 10 μg/mL) for 24 h. Cell growth and apoptosis were detected
using MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis. Cell migration and invasion were
detected using Transwell and Wound-healing assay. Western blot and electrophoretic
mobility shift assay were used to detect different protein expression and NF-κB
activity. Propofol inhibited cell growth and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis in
a dose-dependent manner, which was accompanied by miR-9 activation and NF-κB
inactivation. Knockdown of miR-9 abrogated propofol-induced NF-κB activation and
MMP-9 expression, reversed propofol-induced cell death and invasion of ES-2 cells.
Knockdown of p65 inhibited NF-κB activation rescued the miR-9-induced down-regulation
of MMP-9. In addition, overexpression of p65 by p65 cDNA transfection increased
propofol-induced NF-κB activation and reversed propofol-induced down-regulation of
MMP-9. Propofol upregulates miR-9 expression and inhibits NF-κB activation and its
downstream MMP-9 expression, leading to the inhibition of cell growth and invasion of
ES-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Huang
- Department of Gynecology, the People's Hospital of Laiwu, Jinan, China
| | - Y Teng
- Department of Oncology, the People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - H Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - J Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
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15
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Jang B, Jung H, Chung H, Moon BI, Oh ES. Syndecan-2 enhances E-cadherin shedding and fibroblast-like morphological changes by inducing MMP-7 expression in colon cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:47-53. [PMID: 27270030 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin plays a mechanical role in mediating cell-cell interactions and maintaining epithelial tissue integrity, and the loss of E-cadherin function has been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Syndecan-2, a cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is upregulated during the development of colon cancer. Here, we assessed the functional relationship between E-cadherin and syndecan-2. We found that stable overexpression of syndecan-2 in a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29) enhanced the proteolytic shedding of E-cadherin to conditioned-media. Either knockdown of matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) or inhibition of MMP-7 activity using GM6001 significantly reduced the extracellular shedding of E-cadherin, suggesting that syndecan-2 mediates E-cadherin shedding via MMP-7. Consistent with this notion, enhancement of MMP-7 expression by interleukin-1α treatment increased the shedding of E-cadherin. Conversely, the specific reduction of either syndecan-2 or MMP-7 reduced the shedding of E-cadherin. HT29 cells overexpressing syndecan-2 showed significantly lower cell-surface expression of E-cadherin, decreased cell-cell contact, a more fibroblastic cell morphology, and increased expression levels of ZEB-1. Taken together, these data suggest that syndecan-2 induces extracellular shedding of E-cadherin and supports the acquisition of a fibroblast-like morphology by regulating MMP-7 expression in a colon cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohee Jang
- Department of Life Sciences and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Department of Life Sciences and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Heesung Chung
- Department of Life Sciences and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-In Moon
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 911-1 Mok-Dong Yangcheon-Ku, Seoul, 158-710, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eok-Soo Oh
- Department of Life Sciences and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Hu J, Meng Y, Yu T, Hu L, Mao M. Ubiquitin E3 ligase MARCH7 promotes ovarian tumor growth. Oncotarget 2016; 6:12174-87. [PMID: 25895127 PMCID: PMC4494930 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin E3 ligase MARCH7 is involved in T cell proliferation and neuronal development. We found that expression of MARCH7 was higher in ovarian cancer tissues than normal ovarian tissues. Silencing MARCH7 decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Ectopic expression of MARCH7 increased cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Silencing MARCH7 prevented ovarian cancer growth in mice. Silencing MARCH7 inhibited NFkB and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In agreement, ectopically expressed MARCH7 activated NFkB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Finally, MARCH7 was regulated by miR-101. Thus, MARCH7 is oncogenic and a potential target (oncotarget) for ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tinghe Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liu WT, Jing YY, Yan F, Han ZP, Lai FB, Zeng JX, Yu GF, Fan QM, Li R, Zhao QD, Wu MC, Wei LX. LPS-induced CXCR4-dependent migratory properties and a mesenchymal-like phenotype of colorectal cancer cells. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 11:13-23. [PMID: 26745593 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2015.1134404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and over 50% of patients will develop hepatic metastasis during the course of their disease. CXCR4 and its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α)/chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) have been revealed as regulatory molecules involved in the spreading and progression of a variety of tumors. Here we have shown that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) promoted the migratory capacity of colon cancer cells in vivo and in vitro, which correlated with the activation of SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurrence. Additionally, we found that LPS-induced CXCR4 expression and EMT through NF-κB signaling pathway activation. And inhibition of NF-κB pathway, which recovered the epithelial phenotype and attenuated CXCR4 expression, inhibited cell migratory capacity. Clinically, high levels of CXCR4 always correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis of CRC patients. In conclusion, LPS participate in the whole process of hepatic metastasis of CRC, not only causing liver damage resulting in the production of SDF-1α, but also enhancing the invasive potential of CRC cells by promoting CXCR4 expression and EMT occurrence, which would contribute to the enhancement of cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Liu
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Ying-Ying Jing
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Fei Yan
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhi-Peng Han
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Fo-Bao Lai
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jian-Xing Zeng
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Guo-Feng Yu
- b Oncology Department , Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Qing-Min Fan
- c Ultrasonography Department , The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Jiangsu , China
| | - Rong Li
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiu-Dong Zhao
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Meng-Chao Wu
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Li-Xin Wei
- a Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
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Boeddeker SJ, Baston-Buest DM, Fehm T, Kruessel J, Hess A. Decidualization and syndecan-1 knock down sensitize endometrial stromal cells to apoptosis induced by embryonic stimuli. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121103. [PMID: 25830352 PMCID: PMC4382340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryo invasion and implantation into the inner wall of the maternal uterus, the endometrium, is the pivotal process for a successful pregnancy. Whereas disruption of the endometrial epithelial layer was already correlated with the programmed cell death, the role of apoptosis of the subjacent endometrial stromal cells during implantation is indistinct. The aim was to clarify whether apoptosis plays a role in the stromal invasion and to characterize if the apoptotic susceptibility of endometrial stromal cells to embryonic stimuli is influenced by decidualization and Syndecan-1. Therefore, the immortalized human endometrial stromal cell line St-T1 was used to first generate a new cell line with a stable Syndecan-1 knock down (KdS1), and second to further decidualize the cells with progesterone. As a replacement for the ethically inapplicable embryo all cells were treated with the embryonic factors and secretion products interleukin-1β, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β1 and anti-Fas antibody to mimic the embryo contact. Detection of apoptosis was verified via Caspase ELISAs, PARP cleavage and Annexin V staining. Apoptosis-related proteins were investigated via antibody arrays and underlying signaling pathways were analyzed by Western blot. Non-decidualized endometrial stromal cells showed a resistance towards apoptosis which was rescinded by decidualization and Syndecan-1 knock down independent of decidualization. This was correlated with an altered expression of several pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and connected to a higher activation of pro-survival Akt in non-differentiated St-T1 as an upstream mediator of apoptotis-related proteins. This study provides insight into the largely elusive process of implantation, proposing an important role for stromal cell apoptosis to successfully establish a pregnancy. The impact of Syndecan-1 in attenuating the apoptotic signal is particularly interesting in the light of an already described influence on pregnancy disorders and therefore might provide a useful clinical tool in the future to prevent pregnancy complications provoked by inadequate implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jean Boeddeker
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (UniKiD), Medical Center University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Dunja Maria Baston-Buest
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (UniKiD), Medical Center University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja Fehm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan Kruessel
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (UniKiD), Medical Center University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Hess
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (UniKiD), Medical Center University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Boeddeker SJ, Hess AP. The role of apoptosis in human embryo implantation. J Reprod Immunol 2015; 108:114-22. [PMID: 25779030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The process of embryo attachment and invasion through the endometrial epithelial cells and subsequent implantation into the decidualized endometrial stroma is the groundbreaking step for the establishment of a successful pregnancy. Necessary prerequisites are a receptive endometrium, a good-quality embryo and a well-orchestrated molecular dialog between embryo and maternal endometrium. The embryo-maternal dialog is conducted via a wide scope of factors, including secreted cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in addition to the expression of corresponding receptors and co-receptors. Several embryonic proteins, including the aforementioned, are involved in the process of apoptosis, which necessarily needs to take place at the maternal endometrium to allow the embryo to invade. The endometrial epithelium is thereby disintegrated completely within a particular area, whereas the endometrial stroma seems to require a more depth-limited apoptosis. As of today, the exact mechanisms and factors mediating the apoptotic process involved in those apparently differently regulated incidents are not fully understood, particularly with regard to stromal cell apoptosis. There is evidence though, that cytokines and their respective receptors play a major role. A suggested important co-receptor for cytokines, which is highly upregulated in the receptive human endometrium, is the heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1. It is present on the cell surface and involved in the regulation of cell-cell-interaction, cell binding, cell signaling and cytoskeletal organization and therefore represents a possible mediator of apoptosis regulation in human endometrium. Herein, the literature on endometrial epithelial and stromal apoptosis in general, and in light of the influence of syndecan-1, is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Boeddeker
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and REI (UniKiD), Medical Faculty, Medical Center University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra P Hess
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and REI (UniKiD), Medical Faculty, Medical Center University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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20
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Advances in the molecular functions of syndecan-1 (SDC1/CD138) in the pathogenesis of malignancies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014; 94:1-17. [PMID: 25563413 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndecan-1 (SDC1, synd, CD138) is the most widely studied member of four structurally related cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). Although SDC1 has been implicated in a wide range of biological functions, its altered expression often produces malignant phenotypes, which arise from increased cell proliferation and cell growth, cell survival, cell invasion and metastasis, and angiogenesis. Recent studies revealed much about the underlying molecular roles of SDC1 in these processes. The changes in SDC1 expression also have a direct impact on the clinical course of cancers, as evident by its prognostic significance. Accumulating evidence suggest that SDC1 is involved in stimulation of cancer stem cells (CSC) or tumor initiating cells (TIC) and this may affect disease relapse, and resistance to therapy. This review discusses the progress on the pro-tumorigenic role(s) of SDC1 and how these roles may impact the clinical aspect of the disease. Also discussed, are the current strategies for targeting SDC1 or its related signaling.
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21
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Li D, Fu L, Zhang Y, Yu Q, Ma F, Wang Z, Luo Z, Zhou Z, Cooper PR, He W. The effects of LPS on adhesion and migration of human dental pulp stem cells in vitro. J Dent 2014; 42:1327-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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22
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Diagnostic and prognostic value of soluble syndecan-1 in pleural malignancies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:419853. [PMID: 25147801 PMCID: PMC4131558 DOI: 10.1155/2014/419853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background. The distinction between malignant and benign pleural effusions is a diagnostic challenge today and measuring soluble biomarkers could add to the diagnostic accuracy. Syndecan-1 is a proteoglycan involved in various cellular functions and is cleaved from the cell surface in a regulated manner. The shed fragment, which can be recovered in effusion supernatant and in serum, retains its binding capacities, but often with different functions and signalling properties than the cell-bound form. Aim. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of soluble syndecan-1 in pleural effusions and sera from patients with pleural malignancies. Study Design. Using two cohorts of patients, we assessed the diagnostic and prognostic value of soluble syndecan-1 in pleural effusions and sera, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results. In pleural effusions, syndecan-1 distinguished malignant and benign diseases, with an odds ratio of 8.59 (95% CI 3.67 to 20.09). Furthermore, syndecan-1 in pleural effusions predicted a survival difference for patients with pleural metastatic disease and malignant mesothelioma of 11.2 and 9.2 months, respectively. However, no such effects were seen when syndecan-1 was measured in serum. Conclusion. Soluble syndecan-1 is a promising candidate biomarker for the cytopathological diagnosis and prognostication of malignant pleural effusions.
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Delimont D, Dufek BM, Meehan DT, Zallocchi M, Gratton MA, Phillips G, Cosgrove D. Laminin α2-mediated focal adhesion kinase activation triggers Alport glomerular pathogenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99083. [PMID: 24915008 PMCID: PMC4051676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been known for some time that laminins containing α1 and α2 chains, which are normally restricted to the mesangial matrix, accumulate in the glomerular basement membranes (GBM) of Alport mice, dogs, and humans. We show that laminins containing the α2 chain, but not those containing the α1 chain activates focal adhesion kinase (FAK) on glomerular podocytes in vitro and in vivo. CD151-null mice, which have weakened podocyte adhesion to the GBM rendering these mice more susceptible to biomechanical strain in the glomerulus, also show progressive accumulation of α2 laminins in the GBM, and podocyte FAK activation. Analysis of glomerular mRNA from both models demonstrates significant induction of MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12, MMPs linked to GBM destruction in Alport disease models, as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. SiRNA knockdown of FAK in cultured podocytes significantly reduced expression of MMP-9, MMP-10 and IL-6, but not MMP-12. Treatment of Alport mice with TAE226, a small molecule inhibitor of FAK activation, ameliorated fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis, significantly reduced proteinuria and blood urea nitrogen levels, and partially restored GBM ultrastructure. Glomerular expression of MMP-9, MMP-10 and MMP-12 mRNAs was significantly reduced in TAE226 treated animals. Collectively, this work identifies laminin α2-mediated FAK activation in podocytes as an important early event in Alport glomerular pathogenesis and suggests that FAK inhibitors, if safe formulations can be developed, might be employed as a novel therapeutic approach for treating Alport renal disease in its early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duane Delimont
- Department of Genetics, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Brianna M Dufek
- Department of Genetics, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Daniel T Meehan
- Department of Genetics, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Marisa Zallocchi
- Department of Genetics, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Michael Anne Gratton
- Department of Otolaryngology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Grady Phillips
- Department of Otolaryngology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Dominic Cosgrove
- Department of Genetics, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
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Boeddeker SJ, Baston-Buest DM, Altergot-Ahmad O, Kruessel JS, Hess AP. Syndecan-1 knockdown in endometrial epithelial cells alters their apoptotic protein profile and enhances the inducibility of apoptosis. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 20:567-78. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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25
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Gharbaran R, Park J, Kim C, Goy A, Suh KS. Circulating tumor cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma - a review of the spread of HL tumor cells or their putative precursors by lymphatic and hematogenous means, and their prognostic significance. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 89:404-17. [PMID: 24176672 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
About 15% of patients diagnosed with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) are considered high risk with unfavorable prognosis. The biology of the disease bears a direct relationship to its clinical course. However, some aspects of the disease are still being debated. Related topics include origin of neoplastic cells as circulating precursor versus germinal center B cell, and disease metastasis via hematogenous routes and the effect of HL circulation on relapse potential and further spread of the disease. The terminally differentiated giant neoplastic Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells (HRSC) have limited proliferation and lack mobility. Therefore, they are unable to penetrate epithelium. Thus, the clinical aggressiveness of HRSCs that disseminate via both lymphatic and hematogenous may be determined by their molecular composition. This review discusses in detail the historical perspectives on scientific and clinical evidences of precursors of circulating HL cells and the prognostic importance of these circulating cells for predicting outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Gharbaran
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, United States
| | - Jongwhan Park
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, United States
| | - Chris Kim
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, United States
| | - A Goy
- Lymphoma Division, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, United States
| | - K Stephen Suh
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ 07601, United States.
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26
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Irradiation-induced angiogenesis is associated with an MMP-9-miR-494-syndecan-1 regulatory loop in medulloblastoma cells. Oncogene 2013; 33:1922-33. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Choi S, Kang DH, Oh ES. Targeting syndecans: a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2013; 17:695-705. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2013.773313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Delahanty RJ, Xiang YB, Spurdle A, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Long J, Thompson D, Tomlinson I, Yu H, Lambrechts D, Dörk T, Goodman MT, Zheng Y, Salvesen HB, Bao PP, Amant F, Beckmann MW, Coenegrachts L, Coosemans A, Dubrowinskaja N, Dunning A, Runnebaum IB, Easton D, Ekici AB, Fasching PA, Halle MK, Hein A, Howarth K, Gorman M, Kaydarova D, Krakstad C, Lose F, Lu L, Lurie G, O’Mara T, Matsuno RK, Pharoah P, Risch H, Corssen M, Trovik J, Turmanov N, Wen W, Lu W, Cai Q, Zheng W, Shu XO. Polymorphisms in inflammation pathway genes and endometrial cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:216-23. [PMID: 23221126 PMCID: PMC3677562 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-0903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental and epidemiologic evidence have suggested that chronic inflammation may play a critical role in endometrial carcinogenesis. METHODS To investigate this hypothesis, a two-stage study was carried out to evaluate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in inflammatory pathway genes in association with endometrial cancer risk. In stage I, 64 candidate pathway genes were identified and 4,542 directly genotyped or imputed SNPs were analyzed among 832 endometrial cancer cases and 2,049 controls, using data from the Shanghai Endometrial Cancer Genetics Study. Linkage disequilibrium of stage I SNPs significantly associated with endometrial cancer (P < 0.05) indicated that the majority of associations could be linked to one of 24 distinct loci. One SNP from each of the 24 loci was then selected for follow-up genotyping. Of these, 21 SNPs were successfully designed and genotyped in stage II, which consisted of 10 additional studies including 6,604 endometrial cancer cases and 8,511 controls. RESULTS Five of the 21 SNPs had significant allelic odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as follows: FABP1, 0.92 (0.85-0.99); CXCL3, 1.16 (1.05-1.29); IL6, 1.08 (1.00-1.17); MSR1, 0.90 (0.82-0.98); and MMP9, 0.91 (0.87-0.97). Two of these polymorphisms were independently significant in the replication sample (rs352038 in CXCL3 and rs3918249 in MMP9). The association for the MMP9 polymorphism remained significant after Bonferroni correction and showed a significant association with endometrial cancer in both Asian- and European-ancestry samples. CONCLUSIONS These findings lend support to the hypothesis that genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in the inflammatory pathway may contribute to genetic susceptibility to endometrial cancer. Impact statement: This study adds to the growing evidence that inflammation plays an important role in endometrial carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Delahanty
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Amanda Spurdle
- Division of Genetics and Population Health, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Deborah Thompson
- Department of Oncology, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Herbert Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Division Gynaecological Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc T. Goodman
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Ying Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Helga B. Salvesen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ping-Ping Bao
- Shanghai Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Frederic Amant
- Division Gynaecological Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lieve Coenegrachts
- Division Gynaecological Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Coosemans
- Division Gynaecological Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Alison Dunning
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Douglas Easton
- Department of Oncology, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Arif B. Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mari K. Halle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Alexander Hein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kimberly Howarth
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maggie Gorman
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dylyara Kaydarova
- Almaty Oncology Center, State Oncology Institute, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Felicity Lose
- Division of Genetics and Population Health, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Galina Lurie
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Tracy O’Mara
- Division of Genetics and Population Health, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
- Cancer Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane Queensland, Australia
| | - Rayna K. Matsuno
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, UK
| | - Harvey Risch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Madeleine Corssen
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jone Trovik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Nurzhan Turmanov
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Yang XS, Liu SA, Liu JW, Yan Q. Fucosyltransferase IV enhances expression of MMP-12 stimulated by EGF via the ERK1/2, p38 and NF-κB pathways in A431 cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:1657-62. [PMID: 22799384 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.4.1657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) has been implicated in cell adhesion, motility, and tumor progression in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells. We previously reported that it promotes cell proliferation through the ERK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying FUT4- induced cell invasion remain unknown. In this study we determined the effect of FUT4 on expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-12 induced by EGF in A431 cells. Treatment with EGF resulted in an alteration of cell morphology and induced an increase in the expression of MMP-12. EGF induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and resulted in phosphorylation of IκBα in a time-dependent manner. In addition, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK were shown to play a crucial role in mediating EGF-induced NF-κB translocation and phosphorylation of IκBα when treated with the MAPK inhibitors, PD98059 and SB203580, which resulted in increased MMP-12 expression. Importantly, we showed that FUT4 up-regulated EGF-induced MMP-12 expression by promoting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, thereby inducing phosphorylation/ degradation of IκBα, NF-κB activation. Base on our data, we propose that FUT4 up-regulates expression of MMP-12 via a MAPK-NF-κB-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Song Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, China.
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Ishida M, Okabe H. Superficial spreading squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix involving the endometrium: Report of two cases with emphasis on the likely molecular mechanism. Oncol Lett 2012; 5:31-34. [PMID: 23255888 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix generally invades directly into the uterine wall, but in rare cases it spreads superficially to the inner surface of the uterus, thereby replacing the endometrium. This type is called superficial spreading SCC. In the present study we report two cases of this unusual form of cervical SCC and discuss the possible molecular mechanism involved. Two females, aged 64 (case 1) and 59 (case 2) years old, presented with post-menopausal vaginal bleeding. Histopathological studies of the resected specimens revealed non-keratinizing SCC of the cervix (pTIIA1 in case 1 and pTIIB in case 2). A notable finding in the two tumors was that atypical squamous cells were extending and replacing the endometrium directly from the cervix. Glandular involvement of atrophic endometrial glands was observed, however no invasive growth was observed in the endometrium in either case. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that CD138 was strongly expressed in the carcinoma cells superficially spreading in the endometrium in the two cases. It has been reported that the loss of expression of CD138, a cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan participating in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, is correlated with tumor invasion and progression to cervical SCC. Our present findings suggest that CD138 expression in carcinoma cells may participate in superficial spread by regulating cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Ishida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
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Thangaraju S, Subramani E, Chakravarty B, Chaudhury K. Therapeutic targeting of the TNF superfamily: A promising treatment for advanced endometrial adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2012; 127:426-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Colak T, Cine N, Bamac B, Kurtas O, Ozbek A, Bicer U, Sunnetci D, Savlı H. Microarray-based gene expression analysis of an animal model for closed head injury. Injury 2012; 43:1264-70. [PMID: 22341557 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2012.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in both children and the elderly. Mortality from TBI is said account for 1-2% of all deaths. One-third to one-half of all traumatic deaths is due to head injury. Of those who survive, the majority is left with significant disabilities, including 3% who remain in a vegetative state and only approximately 30% who make a good recovery. Microarray studies and other genomic techniques facilitate the discovery of new targets for the treatment of diseases, which aids in drug development, immunotherapeutics and gene therapy. Gene expression profiling or microarray analysis enables the measurement of thousands of genes in a single RNA sample. METHODS In this study, adult Wistar-albino rats underwent TBI using a trauma device. Brain tissues and blood samples were taken for gene expression at 1, 12 and 48 h post-trauma and were then analysed via microarray. Total RNA was isolated using an RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN-Sample & Assay Technologies, Hilden, Germany) and tested using a 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA). Overall changes in gene expression were evaluated using Agilent Whole Rat Genome 4 × 44 K oligonucleotide arrays and analysed with GeneSpring (GeneSpring 6.1, Silicon Genetics, Redwood City, CA) software. Only genes with a signal-to-noise ratio of above 2 in the experiments were included in the statistical analysis. RESULTS ANOVA (p<0.05) was performed to identify differentially expressed probe sets. Additional filtering (minimum 2-fold change) was applied to extract the most differentially expressed genes based on the study groups (Control vs. 1st hour, Control vs. 12th hour, Control vs. 48th hour). Differentially expressed genes were detected via microarray analysis. A gene interaction-based network investigation of the genes that were identified via traditional microarray data analysis describes a significantly relevant gene network that includes the C1ql2, Cbnl, Sdc1, Bdnf, MMP9, and Cd47 genes, which were differentially expressed compared with the controls. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we will review the current understanding of the genetic susceptibility of TBI with microarrays. Our results highlight the importance of genes that control the response of the brain to injury as well as the suitability of microarrays for identifying specific targets for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Colak
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Turkey.
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Kim YI, Lee A, Lee BH, Kim SY. Prognostic significance of syndecan-1 expression in cervical cancers. J Gynecol Oncol 2011; 22:161-7. [PMID: 21998758 PMCID: PMC3188714 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2011.22.3.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Syndecans are reported to have variable expression in several solid tumors and blood cancers. The cause provoking altered expression of syndecans is not known to date. We studied copy number status of syndecan-1 (SDC1) and significance of SDC1 gene product (syndecan-1, SDC1) expression in cervical cancers. Methods Using 121 cases of cervical cancer tissues, we screened SDC1 expression pattern using immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the relationship between SDC1 expression and clinicopathological parameters. To find possible causes of the expression change, we exploited interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization to screen copy number alteration of SDC1. Results Among 121 cases, 101 (83.5%) were positive and 20 (16.4%) were negative for SDC1. Among the parameters, age, histological type, and grade were significantly associated with SDC1 expression (p<0.05). Strong SDC1 expression in the cytoplasm showed better patient survival (p=0.02). In multivariate regression model, grade and SDC1 expression were independent prognostic factors (p<0.05). SDC1 in cervical cancers did not show copy number alteration. Conclusion Strong SDC1 expression in the cytoplasm of tumor cells predicts better patient survival. The change of SDC1 expression in cervical cancers is not caused by copy number alteration of the gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Im Kim
- Department of Pathology, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yu HB, Zhang HF, Li DY, Zhang X, Xue HZ, Zhao SH. Matrine inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2011; 13:242-250. [PMID: 21409686 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2010.551641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Matrine is the major active component of the traditional Chinese medicine Sophora flavescens, but the molecular mechanisms of matrine on tumor invasion inhibition remain unclear. The aim of this study is to elucidate the effects of matrine on invasion ability of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B expression. The expression activity of MMP-9 was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and gelatin zymography analysis. The expression of NF-kappa B was measured by the Western blot analysis. Matrine significantly inhibited MMP-9 expression of SMMC-7721 cells. NF-kappa B inhibitor PTDC induced a marked reduction in MMP-9 expression, and it suggested that NF-kappa B could play an important role in MMP-9 expression. Furthermore, matrine significantly suppressed NF-kappa B expression and the invasion of SMMC-7721 cells. Our results showed that matrine inhibited MMP-9 expression and the invasion of human HCC cells. The inhibitory effects are partly associated with the downregulation of the NF-kappa B signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Tan BK, Adya R, Chen J, Lehnert H, Sant Cassia LJ, Randeva HS. Metformin treatment exerts antiinvasive and antimetastatic effects in human endometrial carcinoma cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96:808-16. [PMID: 21190977 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women associated with an increased risk of endometrial hyperplasia. We sought to study the effects of metformin treatment (widely used in the management of PCOS women) on human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. OBJECTIVES To study the effects of metformin treatment on in vitro invasion and metastasis in human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Also, given the link between inflammation with endometrial cancer invasion and metastasis, we explored the roles of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as well as v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk(1/2)) signaling pathways. DESIGN Sera were obtained from PCOS and control subjects. In vitro invasion were assessed in human endometrial cells (ECC-1 cells) by wound-healing motility and migration assays. NF-κB was studied by stably transfecting ECC-1 cells with a cis-reporter plasmid containing luciferase reporter gene linked to five repeats of NF-κB binding sites. The gelatinolytic activities of secreted MMP-2/9 in conditioned media were measured by gelatin zymography. Akt and Erk(1/2) phosphorylation were assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS In vitro invasion in ECC-1 cells was significantly attenuated by sera from PCOS women after 6 months of metformin treatment (850 mg twice daily) compared to matched controls (P < 0.01). These effects appear to be associated with NF-κB, MMP-2/9, as well as Akt and Erk(1/2) pathways that are known to be important regulators of inflammation, tumor invasion and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Metformin, potentially, may serve as adjuvant treatment in the management of patients with endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee K Tan
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Group, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
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Farrell-Turner KA. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Update on Treatment Options and Treatment Considerations for the Future. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS. WOMEN'S HEALTH 2011. [DOI: 10.4137/cmwh.s6715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder characterized by insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, obesity, and inflammation, and is the most common cause of infertility. Women with PCOS are at higher risk than non-PCOS women for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, endometrial cancer, and psychiatric disorders. Because many abnormalities present in PCOS and symptoms vary considerably among PCOS women, treatment is guided by presentation and does not consist of simply one modality. Often, however, one type of medication can ameliorate more than one abnormality in PCOS. This review summarizes current research on several treatment modalities for PCOS, including drugs that are fairly well-established as efficacious and other agents that may prove efficacious in the future, with particular emphasis on the benefits and barriers of lifestyle change.
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Oh JH, Lee HS, Park SH, Ryu HS, Min CK. Syndecan-1 overexpression promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis in an endometrial cancer xenograft model. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2010; 20:751-6. [PMID: 20973264 DOI: 10.1111/igc.0b013e3181e02faa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Upregulation of syndecan-1, a member of the transmembranous proteoglycans that serves as a coreceptor for a wide pool of extracellular ligands, has been well documented in enabling the promotion of growth and invasion of endometrial cancer. As a step toward understanding a potential role for syndecan-1 in this process, we questioned whether syndecan-1 upregulates tumor-promoting characteristics, particularly, angiogenesis in an in vivo human xenograft tumor model. METHODS Human syndecan-1 was stably transfected into human endometrial adenocarcinoma 1A cells, and resulting transfectants were subcutaneously grafted into athymic mice; their outcomes were examined with respect to the enhancement of tumor growth and angiogenesis by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and zymography. RESULTS Overexpression of syndecan-1 promoted tumor growth concomitant with increased angiogenesis in tumor xenografts as evidenced by an increase in immunoreactivity for vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial cell marker CD34. Furthermore, zymographic studies revealed that syndecan-1 overexpression markedly enhanced activities of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. CONCLUSIONS This is the first in vivo xenograft analysis providing evidence that supports that syndecan-1 has a critical role in carcinogenic progression, particularly, contributing to the development of angiogenesis and invasive phenotype in association with matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 activations in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
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Baston-Büst DM, Götte M, Janni W, Krüssel JS, Hess AP. Syndecan-1 knock-down in decidualized human endometrial stromal cells leads to significant changes in cytokine and angiogenic factor expression patterns. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2010; 8:133. [PMID: 21044331 PMCID: PMC2988802 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-8-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful embryonic implantation depends on a synchronized embryo-maternal dialogue. Chemokines, such as chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), play essential roles in the maternal reproductive tract leading to morphological changes during decidualization, mediating maternal acceptance towards the semi-allograft embryo and induction of angiogenesis. Chemokine binding to their classical G-protein coupled receptors is essentially supported by the syndecan (Sdc) family of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. The aim of this study was to identify the involvement of Sdc-1 at the embryo-maternal interface regarding changes of the chemokine and angiogenic profile of the decidua during the process of decidualization and implantation in human endometrium. METHODS A stable Sdc-1 knock-down was generated in the immortalized human endometrial stromal cell line St-T1 and was named KdS1. The ability of KdS1 to decidualize was proven by Insulin-like growth factor binding 1 (IGFBP1) and prolactin (PRL) confirmation on mRNA level before further experiments were carried out. Dot blot protein analyses of decidualized knock-down cells vs non-transfected controls were performed. In order to imitate embryonic implantation, decidualized KdS1 were then incubated with IL-1beta, an embryo secretion product, vs controls. Statistical analyses were performed applying the Student's t-test with p < 0.05, p < 0.02 and p < 0.01 and one way post-hoc ANOVA test with p < 0.05 as cut-offs for statistical significance. RESULTS The induction of the Sdc-1 knock-down revealed significant changes in cytokine and angiogenic factor expression profiles of dKdS1 vs decidualized controls. Incubation with embryonic IL-1beta altered the expression patterns of KdS1 chemokines and angiogenic factors towards inflammatory-associated molecules and factors involved in matrix regulation. CONCLUSIONS Sdc-1 knock-down in human endometrial stroma cells led to fulminant changes regarding cytokine and angiogenic factor expression profiles upon decidualization and imitation of embryonic contact. Sdc-1 appears to play an important role as a co-receptor and storage factor for many cytokines and angiogenic factors during decidualization and implantation period, supporting proper implantation and angiogenesis by regulation of chemokine and angiogenic factor secretion in favour of the implanting embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja M Baston-Büst
- University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of OB/GYN and REI, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of OB/GYN, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Janni
- University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of OB/GYN and REI, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan-Steffen Krüssel
- University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of OB/GYN and REI, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra P Hess
- University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of OB/GYN and REI, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Choi S, Lee H, Choi JR, Oh ES. Shedding; towards a new paradigm of syndecan function in cancer. BMB Rep 2010; 43:305-10. [PMID: 20510012 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2010.43.5.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Syndecans, cell surface heparansulfate proteoglycans, have been proposed to act as cell surface receptors and/or coreceptors to play critical roles in multiple cellular functions. However, recent reports suggest that the function of syndecans can be further extended through shedding, a cleavage of extracellular domain. Shedding constitutes an additional level for controlling the function of syndecans, providing a means to attenuate and/or regulate amplitude and duration of syndecan signals by modulating the activity of syndecans as cell surface receptors. Whether these remaining cleavage products are still capable of functioning as cell surface receptors to efficiently transduce signals inside of cells is not clear. However, shedding transforms cell surface receptor syndecans into soluble forms, which, like growth factors, may act as novel ligands to induce cellular responses by association with other cell surface receptors. It is becoming interestingly evident that shed syndecans also contribute significantly to syndecan functions in cancer biology. This review presents current knowledge about syndecan shedding and its functional significance, particularly in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojoong Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Cell Signaling and Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Ishikawa T, Kramer RH. Sdc1 negatively modulates carcinoma cell motility and invasion. Exp Cell Res 2009; 316:951-65. [PMID: 20036233 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Revised: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
During cancer progression, tumor cells eventually invade the surrounding collagen-rich extracellular matrix. Here we show that squamous cell carcinoma cells strongly adhere to Type I collagen substrates but display limited motility and invasion on collagen barriers. Further analysis revealed that in addition to the alpha2beta1 integrin, a second collagen receptor was identified as Syndecan-1 (Sdc1), a cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan. We demonstrate that siRNA-mediated depletion of Sdc1 reduced adhesion efficiency to collagen I, whereas knockdown of Sdc4 was without effect. Importantly, silencing Sdc1 expression caused reduced focal adhesion plaque formation and enhanced cell spreading and motility on collagen I substrates, but did not alter cell motility on other ECM substrates. Sdc1 depletion ablated adhesion-induced RhoA activation. In contrast, Rac1 was strongly activated following Sdc1 knockdown, suggesting that Sdc1 may mediate the link between integrin-induced actin remodeling and motility. Taken together, these data substantiate the existence of a co-adhesion receptor system in tumor cells, whereby Sdc1 functions as a key regulator of cell motility and cell invasion by modulating RhoA and Rac activity. Downregulation of Sdc1 expression during carcinoma progression may represent a mechanism by which tumor cells become more invasive and metastatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Ishikawa
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, Room C-640, San Francisco, CA 94143-0640, USA
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