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Lee CY, Yang SF, Chang YL, Huang JY, Chang CK. The Presence of Ovarian Cancer and the Incidence of Subsequent Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2828. [PMID: 39199599 PMCID: PMC11352733 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We aim to explore the possible association between ovarian cancer and the subsequent development of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) using the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) 2000. A retrospective cohort study was executed, and individuals with ovarian cancer were enrolled and age-matched (with a 1:4 ratio) to non-ovarian cancer individuals. A total of 4990 and 19,960 patients were put into the ovarian cancer and control groups. The main outcome was the presence of OAG according to the LHID 2000 codes. The Cox proportional hazard regression was adopted to demonstrate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of OAG between the ovarian cancer and control groups. There were a total of 241 and 1029 OAG cases observed in the ovarian cancer group and the control group, respectively. The incidence of OAG was significantly higher in the ovarian cancer group than in the control group according to multivariable analysis (aHR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.02-1.37, p = 0.022). The ovarian cancer patients older than 60 years showed a significantly higher risk of OAG compared to the non-ovarian cancer individuals of the same age (aHR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.16-1.63, p = 0.001). Additionally, ovarian cancer individuals with a disease interval of more than two years presented a significantly higher incidence of OAG than the non-ovarian cancer group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ovarian cancer positively correlates with a high rate of subsequent OAG, especially in elderly persons with a long disease interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yi Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung 412, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Chang
- Department of Medical Education, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Kai Chang
- Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Da-Yeh University, Chunghua 515, Taiwan
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Wang Y, Xiao L, Pan Y. Predictive role of oxidative stress-related genes in colon cancer: a retrospective cohort study based on The Cancer Genome Atlas. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:332. [PMID: 39095620 PMCID: PMC11297001 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate the predictive role of an oxidative stress-related genes (OSRGs) model in colon cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, OSRGs that were differentially expressed between tumor and normal tissues were identified using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-(Colorectal Adenocarcinoma) COAD dataset. Then, Lasso COX regression was performed to develop an optimal prognostic model patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups based on the expression patterns of these genes. The model's validity was confirmed through Kaplan-Meier survival curves and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Additionally, enrichment analyses were performed using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to uncover underlying mechanisms. RESULTS A totally of 115 differentially expressed OSRGs were identified within the TCGA cohort, with 17 significantly linked to overall survival. These 17 genes were used to formulate a prognostic model that differentiated patients into distinct risk groups, with the high-risk group demonstrating a notably inferior overall survival rate. The risk score, when integrated with clinical and pathological data, emerged as an independent prognostic indicator of colon cancer. Further analyses revealed that the disparity in prognostic outcomes between risk groups could be attributed to the reactive oxygen species pathway and the p53 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION A new prediction model was established based on OSRGs. CYP19A1, NOL3 and UCN were found to be highly expressed in tumor tissues and substantial clinical predictive significance. These findings offer new insights into the role of oxidative stress in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Yisheng Pan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
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Saed GM. Is there a link between talcum powder, oxidative stress, and ovarian cancer risk? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:485-491. [PMID: 38712572 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2352506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The link between talcum powder use and cancer, particularly ovarian cancer, has been a topic of scientific research and legal debate for several years. Studies have suggested a potential association between long-term talcum powder use in the genital area and an increased risk of ovarian cancer. AREAS COVERED The following report includes up-to-date evidence to support the potential link between talcum powder use and the risk of developing ovarian cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer, which is part of the World Health Organization, classified talc-based body powder as possibly carcinogenic to humans when used in the female genital area. However, other studies have not consistently supported this association, and thus more research is needed to establish a clear and definitive link between talcum powder use and cancer. Despite this, recent molecular-level data have linked talc to alterations in redox balance, gene mutations, and inflammatory responses. Specifically, we have identified a role for talc to induce the pro-oxidant state, inhibit apoptosis, and more importantly induced cellular transformation in normal ovarian cells. EXPERT OPINION We presented unequivocal evidence to support our opinion that talc is not biologically inert and induces molecular changes that mimic the hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan M Saed
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Fedorova MV, Voznesensky VI, Sosnova EA, Proskurnina EV. Activity of NAD(P)H-Oxidoreductases in Ovarian Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1052. [PMID: 38791014 PMCID: PMC11117946 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important and controversial role in carcinogenesis. Microsomal redox chains containing NADH- and NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases are among the main sites of intracellular ROS synthesis, but their role in the oxidative balance has not been fully studied. Here, we studied the activity of cytochrome b5 reductase (CYB5R) and cytochrome P450 reductase (CYPOR) in ovarian cancer tissues and cells isolated from peritoneal fluid, along with the antioxidant capacity of peritoneal fluid. We used the developed a chemiluminescence assay based on stimulation with NADH and NADPH, which reflects the activity of CYB5R and CYPOR, respectively. The activity of CYB5R and CYPOR was significantly higher in moderately and poorly differentiated ovarian adenocarcinomas compared with well-differentiated adenocarcinomas and cystadenomas. For the chemotherapy-resistant tumors, the activity of tissue CYB5R and CYPOR was lower compared to the non-resistant tumors. In the peritoneal fluid, the antioxidant capacity significantly increased in this series, benign tumors < well-differentiated < moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, so the antioxidant excess was observed for moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. The antioxidant capacity of peritoneal fluid and the activity of CYB5R and CYPOR of cells isolated from peritoneal fluid were characterized by a direct moderate correlation for moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. These results indicate the significant role of NAD(P)H oxidoreductases and the antioxidant potential of peritoneal fluid in cancer biochemistry. The parameters studied are useful for diagnostics and prognostics. The developed assay can be used to analyze CYB5R and CYPOR activity in other tissues and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Fedorova
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 111123 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Elena A. Sosnova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 1, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia;
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Javid H, Amiri H, Hashemi SF, Reihani A, Esparham A, Hashemy SI. Sol-gel synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of selenium-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3437-3447. [PMID: 37962586 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, ovarian cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Despite the widespread knowledge of its prevalence, the curative measures and survival rates for ovarian cancer have not improved significantly, making it a challenging condition. Nanotechnology has become increasingly prominent in the field of cancer treatment. Previous studies showed both cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) and selenium (Se) had anti-cancer. Therefore, doping selenium into CONPs may exhibit a more significant anti-cancer effect on ovarian cancer cells. Cerium nitrate hexahydrate, sodium selenite, and gelatin were employed for the production of CONPs and Se-doped CONPs. The EDX, XRD, and TEM/PSA imaging were employed to investigate the structural characteristics and morphology of the synthesized Se-doped CONPs. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and TNF, IL-6, and IL-1B gene expression were evaluated after inoculating A2780 human epithelial ovarian carcinoma (HEOC) with Se-doped CONP. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni's t-test for multiple group comparisons. Se-doped CONPs had IC50 of 113 and 49 PPM after 24 and 48 h, respectively. In addition, Se-doped CONPs with concentrations of 50 and 100 PPM significantly reduced to ROS levels in the HEOC cell line. Also, 50 and 100 PPM Se-doped CONPs lead to significantly reduced TNF, IL-6, and IL-1B gene expression compared to the control group in the HEOC cell line. Our study showed the potential anti-cancer effects of Se-doped CONPs on ovarian cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Javid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Amiri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirali Reihani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Esparham
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Li L, Zhang W, Sun Y, Zhang W, Lu M, Wang J, Jin Y, Xi Q. A clinical prognostic model of oxidative stress-related genes linked to tumor immune cell infiltration and the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28442. [PMID: 38560253 PMCID: PMC10981114 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background According to statistics, ovarian cancer (OV) is the most prevalent type of gynecologic malignancy and has the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic tumors. Although several studies have shown that oxidative stress (OS) contributes significantly to the onset and progression of cancer, the role of OS in OV needs to be investigated further. Thus, it is critical to comprehend the function of OS-related genes in OV. Methods In this study, all data related to the transcriptome and clinical status of the patients were retrieved from "The Cancer Genome Atlas" (TCGA) and "Gene Expression Omnibus" (GEO) databases. Using the unsupervised cluster analysis technique, all patients with OV were classified into two different subtypes (categories) based on the OS gene. All hub genes were screened using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Since the hub genes and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both categories were found to intersect, the univariate Cox regression analysis was implemented. A multivariate Cox analysis was also performed to construct a novel clinical prognosis model, which was validated using data from the GEO cohort. In addition, the relationship between risk score and immune cell infiltration level was evaluated using CIBERSORT. Finally, qRT-PCR was used to confirm the expression of the genes used to construct the model. Results Two subtypes of OS were obtained. The findings indicated that OS-C1 had a better survival outcome than OS-C2. The results of WGCNA yielded 112 hub genes. For univariate COX regression analyses, 49 OS-related trait genes were obtained. Finally, a clinical prognostic model containing two genes was constructed. This model could differentiate between patients with OV having varying years of survival in the TCGA and GEO cohorts. The model risk score was verified as an independent prognostic indicator. According to the results of CIBERSORT, many tumor-infiltrating immune cells were found to be significantly related to the risk score. Furthermore, the results revealed that patients with low-risk OV in the CTLA4 treatment group had a high likelihood of benefiting from immunotherapy. qRT-PCR results also showed that the expression of MARVELD1 and VSIG4 was high in the OV samples. Conclusions Analysis of the results suggested that the newly developed model, which contained two characteristic OS-related genes, could successfully predict the survival outcomes of all patients with OV. The findings of this study could offer valuable information and insights into the refinement of personalized therapy and immunotherapy for OV in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Yanjun Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Weiling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
- Department of Gynecology, Nantong Geriatric Rehabilitation Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Binhai County People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224599, China
| | - Jiaqian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qidong Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226200, China
| | - Yunfeng Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Qinghua Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
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Kutbi D, Almalki RS. Valsartan Mitigates the Progression of Methotrexate-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats via the Attenuation of Renal Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2233-2243. [PMID: 38623467 PMCID: PMC11017984 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s456610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid antagonist, commonly administered for the treatment of a variety of cancers. However, methotrexate toxicity including bone marrow suppression and hepatic and renal toxicity limits its use. Angiotensin AT1 receptor blockers including Valsartan (Val) possess the ability to ameliorate MTX-induced toxicity through various mechanisms. In this study, we explored the potential reno-protective effects of Val against MTX-induced acute kidney injury in rats. Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly segregated into 3 groups. Group 1 served as the control group and received an oral dose of 1mL/kg of normal saline. Group 2 received a single dose of 20 mg/kg of MTX intraperitoneally (IP) for 5 days. Group 3 received a single IP dose of 20 mg/kg of MTX followed by an oral dose of 10 mg/kg of Valsartan for 5 days. At the end of the experiment, the levels of serum kidney biomarkers, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were accessed. Furthermore, the effect of MTX on kidney tissue histology was examined. Results and discussion Our results showed that MTX treatment increased the level of serum kidney and inflammatory biomarkers and decreased the level of antioxidants SOD and GSH while increasing the lipid peroxidation contents. Furthermore, MTX treatment caused structural changes to kidney histology. However, the administration of Val significantly prevented these changes. Conclusion Valsartan possesses nephroprotective potential and might serve as a potential therapeutic strategy against MTX-induced kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Kutbi
- Department of Pharmacy, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh S Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Parida S, Jena M, Behera AK, Mandal AK, Nayak R, Patra S. A Novel Phytocolorant, Neoxanthin, as a Potent Chemopreventive: Current Progress and Future Prospects. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:5149-5164. [PMID: 38173069 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673273106231208102105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a general term for a group of similar diseases. It is a combined process that results from an accumulation of abnormalities at different biological levels, which involves changes at both genetic and biochemical levels in the cells. Several modifiable risk factors for each type of cancer include heredity, age, and institutional screening guidelines, including colonoscopy, mammograms, prostate-specific antigen testing, etc., which an individual cannot modify. Although a wide range of resources is available for cancer drugs and developmental studies, the cases are supposed to increase by about 70% in the next two decades due to environmental factors commonly driven by the way of living. The drugs used in cancer prevention are not entirely safe, have potential side effects and are generally unsuitable owing to substantial monetary costs. Interventions during the initiation and progression of cancer can prevent, diminish, or stop the transformation of healthy cells on the way to malignancy. Diet modifications are one of the most promising lifestyle changes that can decrease the threat of cancer development by nearly 40%. Neoxanthin is a xanthophyll pigment found in many microalgae and macroalgae, having significant anti-cancer, antioxidant and chemo-preventive activity. In this review, we have focused on the anti-cancer activity of neoxanthin on different cell lines and its cancer-preventive activity concerning obesity and oxidative stress. In addition to this, the preclinical studies and future perspectives are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhamayee Parida
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Akshaya Kumar Behera
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Amiya Kumar Mandal
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Rabindra Nayak
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Berhampur, 760007, India
| | - Srimanta Patra
- Department of Life Science, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, India
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Banerjee A, Narasimhulu CA, Singla DK. Immune interactions in pembrolizumab (PD-1 inhibitor) cancer therapy and cardiovascular complications. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H751-H767. [PMID: 37594487 PMCID: PMC10659324 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00378.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of immunotherapies like pembrolizumab (PEM) is increasingly common for the management of numerous cancer types. The use of PEM to bolster T-cell response against tumor growth is well documented. However, the interactions PEM has on other immune cells to facilitate tumor regression and clearance is unknown and warrants further investigation. In this review, we present literature findings that have reported the interactions of PEM in stimulating innate and adaptive immune cells, which enhance cytotoxic phenotypes. This triggers secretion of cytokines and chemokines, which have both beneficial and detrimental effects. We also describe how this leads to the development of rare but underreported occurrence of PEM-induced immune-related cardiovascular complications that arise suddenly and progress rapidly to debilitating and fatal consequences. This review encourages further research and investigation of PEM-induced cardiovascular complications and other immune cell interactions in patients with cancer. As PEM therapy in treating cancer types is expanding, we expect that this review will inform health care professionals of diverse specializations of medicine like dermatology (melanoma skin cancers), ophthalmology (eye cancers), and pathology (hematological malignancies) about PEM-induced cardiac complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Banerjee
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
| | - Dinender K Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States
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Zhang M, Hong X, Ma N, Wei Z, Ci X, Zhang S. The promoting effect and mechanism of Nrf2 on cell metastasis in cervical cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:433. [PMID: 37403143 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) has poor prognosis and high mortality rate for its metastasis during the disease progression. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and anoikis are initial and pivotal steps during the metastatic process. Although higher levels of Nrf2 are associated with aggressive tumor behaviors in cervical cancer, the detailed mechanism of Nrf2 in cervical cancer metastasis, especially EMT and anoikis, remains unclear. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to examine Nrf2 expression in CC. Wound healing assay and transwell analysis were used to evaluate the migration ability of CC cells. Western blot, qTR-PCR and immunofluorescent staining were used to verify the expression level of Nrf2, the EMT associated markers and anoikis associated proteins. Flow cytometry assays and cell counting were used to detect the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. The lung and lymph node metastatic mouse model were established for studies in vivo. The interaction between Nrf2 and Snail1 was confirmed by rescue-of-function assay. RESULTS When compared with cervical cancer patients without lymph node metastasis, Nrf2 was highly expressed in patients with lymph node metastasis. And Nrf2 was proved to enhance the migration ability of HeLa and SiHa cells. In addition, Nrf2 was positively correlated with EMT processes and negatively associated with anoikis in cervical cancer. In vivo, a xenograft assay also showed that Nrf2 facilitated both pulmonary and lymphatic distant metastasis of cervical cancer. Rescue-of-function assay further revealed the mechanism that Nrf2 impacted the metastasis of CC through Snail1. CONCLUSION Our fundings established Nrf2 plays a crucial role in the metastasis of cervical cancer by enhancing EMT and resistance to anoikis by promoting the expression of Snail1, with potential value as a therapeutic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoling Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhentong Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinxin Ci
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Songling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Li YZ, Huang SH, Shi S, Chen WX, Wei YF, Zou BJ, Yao W, Zhou L, Liu FH, Gao S, Yan S, Qin X, Zhao YH, Chen RJ, Gong TT, Wu QJ. Association of long-term particulate matter exposure with all-cause mortality among patients with ovarian cancer: A prospective cohort. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 884:163748. [PMID: 37120017 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence of the association between particles with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) in long term and ovarian cancer (OC) mortality is limited. METHODS This prospective cohort study analyzed data collected between 2015 and 2020 from 610 newly diagnosed OC patients, aged 18-79 years. The residential average PM2.5 concentrations 10 years before the date of OC diagnosis were assessed by random forest models at a 1 km × 1 km resolution. Cox proportional hazard models fully adjusted for the covariates (including age at diagnosis, education, physical activity, kitchen ventilation, FIGO stage, and comorbidities) and distributed lag non-linear models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of PM2.5 and all-cause mortality of OC. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 37.6 months (interquartile: 24.8-50.5 months), 118 (19.34 %) deaths were confirmed among 610 OC patients. One-year PM2.5 exposure levels before OC diagnosis was significantly associated with an increase in all-cause mortality among OC patients (single-pollutant model: HR = 1.22, 95 % CI: 1.02-1.46; multi-pollutant models: HR = 1.38, 95 % CI: 1.10-1.72). Furthermore, during 1 to 10 years prior to diagnosis, the lag-specific effect of long-term PM2.5 exposure on the all-cause mortality of OC had a risk increase for lag 1-6 years, and the exposure-response relationship was linear. Of note, significant interactions between several immunological indicators as well as solid fuel use for cooking and ambient PM2.5 concentrations were observed. CONCLUSION Higher ambient PM2.5 concentrations were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality among OC patients, and there was a lag effect in long-term PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zi Li
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu-Hong Huang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Su Shi
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Xiao Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing-Jie Zou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi Yan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ren-Jie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Ting Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Qi-Jun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, China.
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12
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Zhang Y, Zhou G, Shi W, Shi W, Hu M, Kong D, Long R, Chen N. A novel oxidative-stress related lncRNA signature predicts the prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5740. [PMID: 37029263 PMCID: PMC10082204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a primary malignant tumour of tubular epithelial origin and is most common in the urinary tract. Growing evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS), generates high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals, and plays a critical role in cancer in humans. However, the predictive value of OS-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ccRCC remains unclear. We constructed a predictive signature of survival based on OS-related lncRNAs that were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-KIRC), to predict the prognosis of patients with ccRCC. The signature comprised seven lncRNAs: SPART-AS1, AL162586.1, LINC00944, LINC01550, HOXB-AS4, LINC02027, and DOCK9-DT. OS-related signature of lncRNAs had diagnostic efficiency higher than that of clinicopathological variables, with an area of 0.794 under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Additionally, the nomogram based on risk scores and clinicopathological variables (age, gender, grade, stage, M-stage, and N-stage) showed strong predictive performance. Patients with high-risk were found to be more sensitive to the therapeutic drugs ABT.888, AICAR, MS.275, sunitinib, AZD.2281, and GDC.0449. Our constructed the predictive signature can independently predict the prognosis of patients with ccRCC; however, the underlying mechanism needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan, China
| | - Guozhong Zhou
- Department of Science and Research, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan, China
| | - Weili Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan, China
| | - Meijun Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan, China
| | - Defu Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong Long
- Department of Endocrinology, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan, China.
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The Role of Natural and Semi-Synthetic Compounds in Ovarian Cancer: Updates on Mechanisms of Action, Current Trends and Perspectives. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052070. [PMID: 36903316 PMCID: PMC10004182 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer represents a major health concern for the female population: there is no obvious cause, it is frequently misdiagnosed, and it is characterized by a poor prognosis. Additionally, patients are inclined to recurrences because of metastasis and poor treatment tolerance. Combining innovative therapeutic techniques with established approaches can aid in improving treatment outcomes. Because of their multi-target actions, long application history, and widespread availability, natural compounds have particular advantages in this connection. Thus, effective therapeutic alternatives with improved patient tolerance hopefully can be identified within the world of natural and nature-derived products. Moreover, natural compounds are generally perceived to have more limited adverse effects on healthy cells or tissues, suggesting their potential role as valid treatment alternatives. In general, the anticancer mechanisms of such molecules are connected to the reduction of cell proliferation and metastasis, autophagy stimulation and improved response to chemotherapeutics. This review aims at discussing the mechanistic insights and possible targets of natural compounds against ovarian cancer, from the perspective of medicinal chemists. In addition, an overview of the pharmacology of natural products studied to date for their potential application towards ovarian cancer models is presented. The chemical aspects as well as available bioactivity data are discussed and commented on, with particular attention to the underlying molecular mechanism(s).
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Tossetta G, Marzioni D. Targeting the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in cervical and endometrial cancers. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 941:175503. [PMID: 36641100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cervical and endometrial cancers are among the most dangerous gynaecological malignancies, with high fatality and recurrence rates due to frequent diagnosis at an advanced stage and chemoresistance onset. The NRF2/KEAP1 signalling pathway plays an important role in protecting cells against oxidative damage due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. NRF2, activated by ROS, induces the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase which neutralize ROS, protecting cells against oxidative stress damage. However, activation of NRF2/KEAP1 signalling in cancer cells results in chemoresistance, inactivating drug-mediated oxidative stress and protecting cancer cells from drug-induced cell death. We review the literature on the role of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in cervical and endometrial cancers, with a focus on the expression of its components and downstream genes. We also examine the role of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in chemotherapy resistance and how this pathway can be modulated by natural and synthetic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy; Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 60126, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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Prophylactic Radical Fimbriectomy with Delayed Oophorectomy in Women with a High Risk of Developing an Ovarian Carcinoma: Results of a Prospective National Pilot Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041141. [PMID: 36831483 PMCID: PMC9954021 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy is the gold standard for the prophylaxis of ovarian cancer in high-risk women. Due to significant adverse effects, 20-30% of women delay or refuse early oophorectomy. This prospective pilot study (NCT01608074) aimed to assess the efficacy of radical fimbriectomy followed by a delayed oophorectomy in preventing ovarian and pelvic invasive cancer (the primary endpoint) and to evaluate the safety of both procedures. The key eligibility criteria were pre-menopausal women ≥35 years with a high risk of ovarian cancer who refused a risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy. All the surgical specimens were subjected to the SEE-FIM protocol. From January 2012 to October 2014, 121 patients underwent RF, with 51 in an ambulatory setting. Occult neoplasia was found in two cases, with one tubal high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Two patients experienced grade 1 intraoperative complications. No early or delayed grade ≥3 post-operative complications occurred. After 7.3 years of median follow-up, no cases of pelvic invasive cancer have been noted. Three of the fifty-two patients developed de novo breast cancer. One BRCA1-mutated woman delivered twins safely. Twenty-five patients underwent menopause, including fifteen who had received chemotherapy for breast cancer, and twenty-three underwent menopause before the delayed oophorectomy, while two did not undergo a delayed oophorectomy at all. Overall, 46 women underwent a delayed oophorectomy. No abnormalities were found in any delayed oophorectomy specimens. Radical fimbriectomy followed by delayed oophorectomy appears to be a safe and well-tolerated risk-reducing approach, which avoids early menopause for patients with a high risk of breast and ovarian cancer.
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Oxidative Stress Response Biomarkers of Ovarian Cancer Based on Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:1261039. [PMID: 36743693 PMCID: PMC9897923 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1261039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background The occurrence and development of ovarian cancer (OV) are significantly influenced by increased levels of oxidative stress (OS) byproducts and the lack of an antioxidant stress repair system. Hence, it is necessary to explore the markers related to OS in OV, which can aid in predicting the prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in patients with OV. Methods The single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset GSE146026 was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and Bulk RNA-seq data were obtained from TCGA and GTEx databases. The Seurat R package and SingleR package were used to analyze scRNA-seq and to identify OS response-related clusters based on ROS markers. The "limma" R package was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and ovarian samples. The risk model was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. The immune cell infiltration, genomic mutation, and drug sensitivity of the model were analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm, the "maftools," and the "pRRophetic" R packages, respectively. Results Based on scRNA-seq data, we identified 12 clusters; OS response-related genes had the strongest specificity for cluster 12. A total of 151 genes were identified from 2928 DEGs to be significantly correlated with OS response. Finally, nine prognostic genes were used to construct the risk score (RS) model. The risk score model was an independent prognostic factor for OV. The gene mutation frequency and tumor immune microenvironment in the high- and low-risk score groups were significantly different. The value of the risk score model in predicting immunotherapeutic outcomes was confirmed. Conclusions OS response-related RS model could predict the prognosis and immune responses in patients with OV and provide new strategies for cancer treatment.
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Trifanescu OG, Gales LN, Tanase BC, Marinescu SA, Trifanescu RA, Gruia IM, Paun MA, Rebegea L, Mitrica R, Serbanescu L, Anghel RM. Prognostic Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Correlation with Oxidative Stress Markers in Locally Advanced and Metastatic Ovarian Cancer Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13010166. [PMID: 36611458 PMCID: PMC9818969 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in tumor progression in ovarian cancer, but the complex mechanism and interaction with oxidative stress are not fully understood. METHODS A prospective study included 52 patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma stage IIIA-IV. Serum VEGF and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as malondialdehyde and ceruloplasmin were measured. RESULTS VEGF levels were elevated (mean 1014.7 ± 165 pg/mL), especially in patients with macroscopic residual disease (1058 vs. 810 pg/mL, p = 0.0001). Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 6 and 40 months in patients with a very high VEGF (over 1200 pg/mL), 11 and 48 months in patients with VEGF between 1000-1200 pg/mL, 18 and 84 months in patients with VEGF between 800-1000 pg/mL, and not reached in patients with normal VEGF. Increased VEGF values were associated with a 2.6-fold increased risk of disease progression (HR = 2.60, 95% CI 1.69-3.99), and a 1.4-fold increased risk of death (HR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.15-1.91, p = 0.002). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to validate VEGF as a prognostic factor and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.814, p = 0.036 for PFS and 0.729, p = 0.043, for OS. There was a positive correlation between VEGF and malondialdehyde, Pearson coefficient of 0.35, p = 0.0001. CONCLUSIONS VEGF and malondialdehyde are important prognostic markers in ovarian cancer, especially in macroscopic residual disease, and there is a positive correlation between angiogenesis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Gabriela Trifanescu
- Department of Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology Bucharest, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laurentia Nicoleta Gales
- Department of Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Medical Oncology II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology Bucharest, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.N.G.); (R.A.T.)
| | - Bogdan Cosmin Tanase
- Thoracic Surgery, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology Bucharest, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Andrei Marinescu
- Oncologic Surgery I, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology Bucharest, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Alexandra Trifanescu
- “C. I. Parhon” Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Endocrinology C. I. Parhon, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.N.G.); (R.A.T.)
| | - Iuliana Maria Gruia
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology Bucharest, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Andrei Paun
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology Bucharest, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Rebegea
- Medical Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800008 Galați, Romania
| | - Radu Mitrica
- Department of Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology Bucharest, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luiza Serbanescu
- Department of Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology Bucharest, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Maricela Anghel
- Department of Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology Bucharest, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
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Koc ZC, Sollars VE, Bou Zgheib N, Rankin GO, Koc EC. Evaluation of mitochondrial biogenesis and ROS generation in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1129352. [PMID: 36937395 PMCID: PMC10014927 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1129352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death for women with cancer worldwide. Energy requirements for tumor growth in epithelial high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) are fulfilled by a combination of aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Although reduced OXPHOS activity has emerged as one of the significant contributors to tumor aggressiveness and chemoresistance, up-regulation of mitochondrial antioxidant capacity is required for matrix detachment and colonization into the peritoneal cavity to form malignant ascites in HGSOC patients. However, limited information is available about the mitochondrial biogenesis regulating OXPHOS capacity and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) in HGSOC. Methods To evaluate the modulation of OXPHOS in HGSOC tumor samples and ovarian cancer cell lines, we performed proteomic analyses of proteins involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism and biogenesis and formation of mtROS by immunoblotting and flow cytometry, respectively. Results and discussion We determined that the increased steady-state expression levels of mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded OXPHOS subunits were associated with increased mitochondrial biogenesis in HGSOC tumors and ovarian cancer cell lines. The more prominent increase in MT-COII expression was in agreement with significant increase in mitochondrial translation factors, TUFM and DARS2. On the other hand, the ovarian cancer cell lines with reduced OXPHOS subunit expression and mitochondrial translation generated the highest levels of mtROS and significantly reduced SOD2 expression. Evaluation of mitochondrial biogenesis suggested that therapies directed against mitochondrial targets, such as those involved in transcription and translation machineries, should be considered in addition to the conventional chemotherapies in HGSOC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep C. Koc
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Vincent E. Sollars
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Nadim Bou Zgheib
- Edwards Comprehensive Cancer Center, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Gary O. Rankin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Emine C. Koc
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
- *Correspondence: Emine C. Koc,
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Escalona RM, Chu S, Kadife E, Kelly JK, Kannourakis G, Findlay JK, Ahmed N. Knock down of TIMP-2 by siRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 mediates diverse cellular reprogramming of metastasis and chemosensitivity in ovarian cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:422. [PMID: 36585738 PMCID: PMC9805260 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02838-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endogenous tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), through its homeostatic action on certain metalloproteinases, plays a vital role in remodelling extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate cancer progression. This study investigated the role of TIMP-2 in an ovarian cancer cell line in which the expression of TIMP-2 was reduced by either siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9. METHODS OVCAR5 cells were transiently and stably transfected with either single or pooled TIMP-2 siRNAs (T2-KD cells) or by CRISPR/Cas9 under the influence of two distinct guide RNAs (gRNA1 and gRNA2 cell lines). The expression of different genes was analysed at the mRNA level by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and at the protein level by immunofluorescence (IF) and western blot. Proliferation of cells was investigated by 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay or staining with Ki67. Cell migration/invasion was determined by xCELLigence. Cell growth in vitro was determined by 3D spheroid cultures and in vivo by a mouse xenograft model. RESULTS Approximately 70-90% knock down of TIMP-2 expression were confirmed in T2-KD, gRNA1 and gRNA2 OVCAR5 ovarian cancer cells at the protein level. T2-KD, gRNA1 and gRNA2 cells exhibited a significant downregulation of MMP-2 expression, but concurrently a significant upregulation in the expression of membrane bound MMP-14 compared to control and parental cells. Enhanced proliferation and invasion were exhibited in all TIMP-2 knocked down cells but differences in sensitivity to paclitaxel (PTX) treatment were observed, with T2-KD cells and gRNA2 cell line being sensitive, while the gRNA1 cell line was resistant to PTX treatment. In addition, significant differences in the growth of gRNA1 and gRNA2 cell lines were observed in in vitro 3D cultures as well as in an in vivo mouse xenograft model. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the inhibition of TIMP-2 by siRNA and CRISPR/Cas-9 modulate the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-14 and reprogram ovarian cancer cells to facilitate proliferation and invasion. Distinct disparities in in vitro chemosensitivity and growth in 3D culture, and differences in tumour burden and invasion to proximal organs in a mouse model imply that selective suppression of TIMP-2 expression by siRNA or CRISPR/Cas-9 alters important aspects of metastasis and chemosensitivity in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M. Escalona
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia ,Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Suites 23, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat Technology Park Central, Ballarat, VIC 3350 Australia
| | - Simon Chu
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia
| | - Elif Kadife
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Suites 23, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat Technology Park Central, Ballarat, VIC 3350 Australia
| | - Jason K. Kelly
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Suites 23, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat Technology Park Central, Ballarat, VIC 3350 Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Suites 23, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat Technology Park Central, Ballarat, VIC 3350 Australia ,grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Mt Helen, VIC 3350 Australia
| | - Jock K. Findlay
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia
| | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia ,Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Suites 23, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat Technology Park Central, Ballarat, VIC 3350 Australia ,grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Mt Helen, VIC 3350 Australia
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Identifying the Role of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes as Prognostic Biomarkers and Predicting the Response of Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6575534. [PMID: 36561981 PMCID: PMC9764017 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6575534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most frequently seen and fatal gynecological malignancies, and oxidative stress (OS) plays a critical role in the development and chemoresistance of OC. Materials and Methods OS-related genes (OSRGs) were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database. Besides, gene expression profiles and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were selected to identify the prognostic OSRGs. Moreover, univariate Cox regression, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted sequentially to establish a prognostic signature, which was later validated in three independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Next, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and tumor mutation burden (TMB) analysis were performed. Afterwards, immune checkpoint genes (ICGs) and the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithm, together with IMvigor210 and GSE78220 cohorts, were applied to comprehensively explore the role of OSRG signature in immunotherapy. Further, the CellMiner and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) databases were also applied in investigating the significance of OSRG signature in chemotherapy. Results Altogether, 34 prognostic OSRGs were identified, among which 14 were chosen to establish the most valuable prognostic signature. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis suggested that patients with lower OS-related risk score had better prognosis. The area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.71, 0.76, and 0.85 in 3, 5, and 7 years separately, and the stability of this prognostic signature was confirmed in three GEO datasets. As revealed by GSEA and TMB analysis results, OC patients in low-risk group might have better immunotherapeutic response, which was consistent with ICG expression and TIDE analyses. Moreover, both IMvigor210 and GSE78220 cohorts demonstrated that patients with lower OS-related risk score were more likely to benefit from anti-PD-1/L1 immunotherapy. In addition, the association between prognostic signature and drug sensitivity was explored. Conclusion According to our results in this work, OSRG signature can act as a powerful prognostic predictor for OC, which contributes to generating more individualized therapeutic strategies for OC patients.
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Richardson MT, Recouvreux MS, Karlan BY, Walts AE, Orsulic S. Ciliated Cells in Ovarian Cancer Decrease with Increasing Tumor Grade and Disease Progression. Cells 2022; 11:4009. [PMID: 36552773 PMCID: PMC9776429 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciliated cell markers expressed in epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) are associated with improved survival. We examined the distribution of cells expressing ciliated cell markers in various EOC histologies and stages. Immunohistochemistry and/or multiplex immunofluorescence were used to determine the expression of FOXJ1 and/or CAPS (ciliated cell markers) in tissue microarrays including 4 normal fallopian tubes, 6 normal endometria, 16 cystadenomas, 25 borderline tumors, 21 low-grade carcinomas, and 118 high-grade carcinomas (HGSOC) (46 serous, 29 endometrioid, 30 clear cell, 13 mucinous). CAPS+ cells were observed in normal fallopian tubes and endometria and in ~85% of serous benign and borderline tumors and low-grade carcinomas but only in <40% of HGSOC. mRNA data from an independent cohort showed higher FOXJ1 and CAPS expression in serous borderline tumors and low-grade carcinomas compared to HGSOC. In HGSOC, ciliated cell-positive markers were observed in 52% primary tumors compared to 26% of patient-matched synchronous metastases, and 24% metachronous metastases (p = 0.009). mRNA data from an independent HGSOC cohort showed lower levels of CAPS in metastases than in primary tumors (p = 0.03). Overall, the study revealed that ciliated cells were less common in mucinous EOC, the percentage of ciliated cell marker-positive cases decreased with increasing grade, and the percentage of ciliated cells decreased in HGSOC metastases compared to patient-matched primary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Richardson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Maria Sol Recouvreux
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ann E. Walts
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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22
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Leung D, Price ZK, Lokman NA, Wang W, Goonetilleke L, Kadife E, Oehler MK, Ricciardelli C, Kannourakis G, Ahmed N. Platinum-resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer: an interplay of epithelial-mesenchymal transition interlinked with reprogrammed metabolism. J Transl Med 2022; 20:556. [PMID: 36463238 PMCID: PMC9719259 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03776-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological cancer worldwide. Chemotherapy resistance represents a significant clinical challenge and is the main reason for poor ovarian cancer prognosis. We identified novel expression of markers related to epithelial mesenchymal transitions (EMT) in a carboplatin resistant ovarian cancer cell line by proteomics. This was validated in the platinum resistant versus sensitive parental cell lines, as well as platinum resistant versus sensitive human ovarian cancer patient samples. The prognostic significance of the different proteomics-identified marker proteins in prognosis prediction on survival as well as their correlative association and influence on immune cell infiltration was determined by public domain data bases. METHODS We explored the proteomic differences between carboplatin-sensitive OVCAR5 cells (parental) and their carboplatin-resistant counterpart, OVCAR5 CBPR cells. qPCR and western blots were performed to validate differentially expressed proteins at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Association of the identified proteins with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) prompted the investigation of cell motility. Cellular bioenergetics and proliferation were studied to delineate any biological adaptations that facilitate cancer progression. Expression of differentially expressed proteins was assessed in ovarian tumors obtained from platinum-sensitive (n = 15) versus platinum-resistant patients (n = 10), as well as matching tumors from patients at initial diagnosis and following relapse (n = 4). Kaplan-Meier plotter and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) databases were used to determine the prognostic significance and influence of the different proteomics-identified proteins on immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME). RESULTS Our proteomics study identified 2422 proteins in both cell lines. Of these, 18 proteins were upregulated and 14 were downregulated by ≥ twofold (p < 0.05) in OVCAR5 CBPR cells. Gene ontology enrichment analysis amongst upregulated proteins revealed an overrepresentation of biological processes consistent with EMT in the resistant cell line. Enhanced mRNA and/or protein expression of the identified EMT modulators including ITGA2, TGFBI, AKR1B1, ITGAV, ITGA1, GFPT2, FLNA and G6PD were confirmed in OVCAR5 CBPR cells compared to parental OVCAR5 cell line. Consistent with the altered EMT profile, the OVCAR5 CBPR cells demonstrated enhanced migration and reduced proliferation, glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation. The upregulation of G6PD, AKR1B1, ITGAV, and TGFβ1 in OVCAR5 CBPR cells was also identified in the tumors of platinum-resistant compared to platinum-sensitive high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients. Matching tumors of relapsed versus newly diagnosed HGSOC patients also showed enhanced expression of AKR1B1, ITGAV, TGFβ1 and G6PD protein in relapsed tumors. Among the identified proteins, significant enhanced expression of GFPT2, FLNA, TGFBI (CDGG1), ITGA2 predicted unfavorable prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. Further analysis suggested that the expression of TGFBI to correlate positively with the expression of identified and validated proteins such as GFPT2, FLNA, G6PD, ITGAV, ITGA1 and ITGA2; and with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in the TME. CONCLUSIONS Our research demonstrates proteomic-based discovery of novel EMT-related markers with an altered metabolic profile in platinum-resistant versus sensitive ovarian cancer cell lines. The study also confirms the expression of selected identified markers in the tumors of platinum-resistant versus sensitive, and in matching relapsed versus newly diagnosed HGSOC patients. The study provides insights into the metabolic adaptation of EMT-induced carboplatin resistant cells that confers on them reduced proliferation to provide effective migratory advantage; and the role of some of these identified proteins in ovarian cancer prognosis. These observations warrant further investigation of these novel target proteins in platinum-resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilys Leung
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Central Technology Central Park, Ballarat, Vic 3353 Australia
| | - Zoe K. Price
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Noor A. Lokman
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Wanqi Wang
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Lizamarie Goonetilleke
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Elif Kadife
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Central Technology Central Park, Ballarat, Vic 3353 Australia
| | - Martin K. Oehler
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia ,grid.416075.10000 0004 0367 1221Department of Gynecological Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000 Australia
| | - Carmela Ricciardelli
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Central Technology Central Park, Ballarat, Vic 3353 Australia ,grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Mt Helen, VIC 3350 Australia
| | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Central Technology Central Park, Ballarat, Vic 3353 Australia ,grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Mt Helen, VIC 3350 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia
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Liu W, Yang HS, Zheng SY, Luo HH, Feng YF, Lei YY. Oxidative stress genes in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: construction of a novel prognostic signature and characterization of tumor microenvironment infiltration. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:406. [PMID: 36180848 PMCID: PMC9523924 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of various types of tumors. However, its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has seldom been explored. This study aimed to discover prognostic markers associated with oxidative stress in ESCC to improve the prediction of prognosis and help in the selection of effective immunotherapy for patients. Results A consensus cluster was constructed using 14 prognostic differentially expressed oxidative stress-related genes (DEOSGs) that were remarkably related to the prognosis of patients with ESCC. The infiltration levels of neutrophils, plasma cells, and activated mast cells, along with immune score, stromal score, and estimated score, were higher in cluster 1 than in cluster 2. A prognostic signature based on 10 prognostic DEOSGs was devised that could evaluate the prognosis of patients with ESCC. Calculated risk score proved to be an independent clinical prognostic factor in the training, testing, and entire sets. P53 signaling pathway was highly enriched in the high-risk group. The calculated risk score was positively related to the infiltration levels of resting mast cells, memory B cells, and activated natural killer (NK) cells and negatively associated with the infiltration levels of M1 and M2 macrophages. The relationship between clinical characteristics and risk score has not been certified. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for sorafenib and gefitinib were lower for patients in the low-risk group. Conclusion Our prognostic signature based on 10 prognostic DEOSGs could predict the disease outcomes of patients with ESCC and had strong clinical value. Our study improves the understanding of oxidative stress in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and provides insights for developing improved and efficient immunotherapy strategies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12859-022-04956-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Shuai Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shao-Yi Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-He Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Fen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yi-Yan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Tossetta G, Marzioni D. Natural and synthetic compounds in Ovarian Cancer: A focus on NRF2/KEAP1 pathway. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106365. [PMID: 35901941 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Among gynecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer is one of the most dangerous, with a high fatality rate and relapse due to the occurrence of chemoresistance. Many researchers demonstrated that oxidative stress is involved in tumor occurrence, development and procession. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is an important transcription factor playing an important role in protecting against oxidative damage. Increased levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) activate NRF2 signaling inducing the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase (HO-1), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) that protect cells against oxidative stress. However, NRF2 activation in cancer cells is responsible for the development of chemoresistance inactivating drug-mediated oxidative stress that normally leads cancer cells to death. In this review we analyzed the current literature regarding the role of natural and synthetic compounds in modulating NRF2/KEAP1 (Kelch Like ECH Associated Protein 1) pathway in in vitro models of ovarian cancer. In particular, we reported how these compounds can modulate chemotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Shaban NZ, Zaki MM, Koutb F, Abdul-Aziz AA, Elshehawy AAH, Mehany H. Protective and therapeutic role of mango pulp and eprosartan drug and their anti-synergistic effects against thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:51427-51441. [PMID: 35244847 PMCID: PMC9288381 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study was done to evaluate the protective and therapeutic role of mango pulp (M), eprosartan drug (E), and their co-administration (EM) against hepatotoxicity induced by thioacetamide (T). Seven groups of rats were prepared as follows: the control (C) group (normal rats), T group (the rats were injected with T), T-M group (the rats were injected with T, and then treated with M), T-E group (the rats were injected with T, and then treated with E), T-EM group (the rats were injected with T, and then treated with E and M), M-TM-M group (the rats were administered with M before, during, and after T injection), and M group (the healthy rats were administered with M only). Firstly, the characterizations of M were determined. Also, the markers of hepatic oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GSR)], inflammation and fibrosis [(tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) levels and gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1)], and liver functions and microscopic examination were evaluated. The present results revealed that M contains 419 ± 1.04 μg total phenolics as gallic acid equivalent and 6.8 ± 0.05 μg total flavonoids as quercetin equivalent. The analysis of phenolics and flavonoids showed the presence of chlorogenic, caffeic, 2,5-dihydroxy benzoic, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic, tannic, cinnamic acidS, and catechin, phloridzin, and quercetin with different concentrations. Also, M contains various minerals with different concentrations involving potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, copper, zinc, and manganese. The current results showed that the total antioxidant capacity of 1 g of M was 117.2 ± 1.16 as μg ascorbic acid equivalent. Our biochemical studies showed that all treatments significantly reduced T-induced hepatotoxicity and liver injuries, as the oxidative stress and inflammatory and fibrotic markers were diminished where MDA level and the activities of GST, GSSG, and GR were decreased when compared with T group. In contrast, GSH level and the activities of SOD and GPx and GSH/GSSG ratio were increased. In addition, TNF-α and PDGF-BB levels were reduced, and the gene expression of TGF-β1 was down-regulated. Consequently, the liver functions were significantly improved. In conclusion, each E, M, and EM has a therapeutic effect against T-induced hepatotoxicity via the reduction of the OS, inflammation, and fibrosis. Unfortunately, treatment with M and E simultaneously revealed the less effectiveness than the treatment with M or E demonstrates the presence of anti-synergistic effect between them. Additionally, M-TM-M treatment showed a better effect than T-M treatment against T-induced hepatotoxicity revealing the prophylactic role of M. The administration of healthy rats with M for 12 weeks has no side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Zaki Shaban
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mohammad Mohammad Zaki
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Fayed Koutb
- Nucleic Acid Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Alaa Abdul-Aziz
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Hany Mehany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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The Breast Cancer Protooncogenes HER2, BRCA1 and BRCA2 and Their Regulation by the iNOS/NOS2 Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061195. [PMID: 35740092 PMCID: PMC9227079 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS2) and derived NO in various cancers was reported to exert pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects depending on the levels of expression and the tumor types. In humans, the breast cancer level of iNOS was reported to be overexpressed, to exhibit pro-tumorigenic activities, and to be of prognostic significance. Likewise, the expression of the oncogenes HER2, BRCA1, and BRCA2 has been associated with malignancy. The interrelationship between the expression of these protooncogenes and oncogenes and the expression of iNOS is not clear. We have hypothesized that there exist cross-talk signaling pathways between the breast cancer protooncogenes, the iNOS axis, and iNOS-mediated NO mutations of these protooncogenes into oncogenes. We review the molecular regulation of the expression of the protooncogenes in breast cancer and their interrelationships with iNOS expression and activities. In addition, we discuss the roles of iNOS, HER2, BRCA1/2, and NO metabolism in the pathophysiology of cancer stem cells. Bioinformatic analyses have been performed and have found suggested molecular alterations responsible for breast cancer aggressiveness. These include the association of BRCA1/2 mutations and HER2 amplifications with the dysregulation of the NOS pathway. We propose that future studies should be undertaken to investigate the regulatory mechanisms underlying the expression of iNOS and various breast cancer oncogenes, with the aim of identifying new therapeutic targets for the treatment of breast cancers that are refractory to current treatments.
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27
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Role of NRF2 in Ovarian Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040663. [PMID: 35453348 PMCID: PMC9027335 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Among gynaecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer is one of the most dangerous, with a high fatality rate and relapse due to the occurrence of chemoresistance. Many researchers demonstrated that oxidative stress is involved in tumour occurrence, growth and development. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is an important transcription factor, playing an important role in protecting against oxidative damage. Increased levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) activate NRF2 signalling, inducing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as haem oxygenase (HO-1), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), that protect cells against oxidative stress. However, NRF2 activation in cancer cells is responsible for the development of chemoresistance, inactivating drug-mediated oxidative stress that normally leads to cancer cells’ death. In this review, we report evidence from the literature describing the effect of NRF2 on ovarian cancer, with a focus on its function in drug resistance, NRF2 natural and synthetic modulators and its protective function in normal ovarian preservation.
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28
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Zhang B, Qu G, Nan Y, Zhou EM. Ovarian Oxidative Stress Induced Follicle Depletion After Zona Pellucida 3 Vaccination Is Associated With Subfertility in BALB/c Mice. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:814827. [PMID: 35252419 PMCID: PMC8894603 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.814827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired follicular development associated with autoimmune ovarian disease (AOD), is a typical side effect of ZP3 vaccine-induced subfertility and contributes to the fertility decline, but the mechanism is unknown. In this study, a AOD model was established with recombinant mouse zona pellucida 3 (mZP3) protein in the BALB/c mice, and co-administrated with 0.5 mg/kg antioxidant stress drug sodium selenite (SS), whereas intraperitoneal injection was used and the relationships among oxidant stress (OS), follicle loss and fertility were evaluated. Here we demonstrated that ZP3 vaccination elicited high antibody titers and correlated with reductions of ovarian follicle numbers in both fertile and infertile mice, whereby magnitudes of both factors were negatively correlated with litter size. Moreover, increased OS in ovaries of mZP3-immunized mice was related to high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and is accompanied by a decrease in the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of ovaries. Meanwhile, activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 along with increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 levels were observed, indicating the ongoing apoptosis of ovarian cells. Notably, inhibition of OS with SS reduced ovarian ROS and apoptosis levels, which was consisted with restoration of follicle numbers. More importantly, SS treatment when co-administered concurrently with mZP3 immunization led to significantly improved fertility (P < 0.05) and the average litter size of the mZP3-vaccinated SS-treated group increased by ~29.2% as compared with that of the vaccinated but untreated group. In conclusion, infertility caused by ZP3 vaccination was mechanistically associated with ovarian OS which triggered depletion of ovarian follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Guanggang Qu
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Nan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Yuchen Nan
| | - En-Min Zhou
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
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Ounissi A, Merouani H, Sobhi W, Ouddai N, Simmie J, Shahnawaz Khan M, Nadeem Asghar M, Benguerba Y. Comparative investigation of the reactivity of the ignored radical HO2* with that of HO* in the case of guanine/cytosine complex. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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30
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Pathological Role of Reactive Oxygen Species on Female Reproduction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:201-220. [PMID: 36472824 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), a clinical predicament characterized by a shift in homeostatic imbalance among prooxidant molecules embracing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), along with antioxidant defenses, has been established to play an indispensable part in the pathophysiology of subfertility in both human males and females. ROS are highly reactive oxidizing by-products generated during critical oxygen-consuming processes or aerobic metabolism. A healthy body system has its own course of action to maintain the equilibrium between prooxidants and antioxidants with an efficient defense system to fight against ROS. But when ROS production crosses its threshold, the disturbance in homeostatic balance results in OS. Besides their noxious effects, literature studies have depicted that controlled and adequate ROS concentrations exert physiologic functions, especially that gynecologic OS is an important mediator of conception in females. Yet the impact of ROS on oocytes and reproductive functions still needs a strong attestation for further analysis because the disruption in prooxidant and antioxidant balance leads to abrupt ROS generation initiating multiple reproductive diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and unexplained infertility in addition to other impediments in pregnancy such as recurrent pregnancy loss, spontaneous abortion, and preeclampsia. The current article elucidates the skeptical state of affairs created by ROS that influences female fertility.
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Rezaei-Tazangi F, Roghani-Shahraki H, Khorsand Ghaffari M, Abolhasani Zadeh F, Boostan A, ArefNezhad R, Motedayyen H. The Therapeutic Potential of Common Herbal and Nano-Based Herbal Formulations against Ovarian Cancer: New Insight into the Current Evidence. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1315. [PMID: 34959716 PMCID: PMC8705681 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OCa) is characterized as one of the common reasons for cancer-associated death in women globally. This gynecological disorder is chiefly named the "silent killer" due to lacking an association between disease manifestations in the early stages and OCa. Because of the disease recurrence and resistance to common therapies, discovering an effective therapeutic way against the disease is a challenge. According to documents, some popular herbal formulations, such as curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol, can serve as an anti-cancer agent through different mechanisms. However, these herbal products may be accompanied by some pharmacological limitations, such as poor bioavailability, instability, and weak water solubility. On the contrary, using nano-based material, e.g., nanoparticles (NPs), micelles, liposomes, can significantly solve these limitations. Therefore, in the present study, we will summarize the anti-cancer aspects of these herbal and-nano-based herbal formulations with a focus on their mechanisms against OCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa 7345149573, Iran;
| | | | - Mahdi Khorsand Ghaffari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 1433671348, Iran;
| | - Firoozeh Abolhasani Zadeh
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran;
| | - Aynaz Boostan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Saveh Chamran Hospital, Saveh 3919676651, Iran;
| | - Reza ArefNezhad
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 1433671348, Iran
| | - Hossein Motedayyen
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan 8715973474, Iran
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Neganova M, Liu J, Aleksandrova Y, Klochkov S, Fan R. Therapeutic Influence on Important Targets Associated with Chronic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6062. [PMID: 34885171 PMCID: PMC8657135 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are the interconnected pathological processes, which lead to cancer initiation and progression. The growing level of oxidative and inflammatory damage was shown to increase cancer severity and contribute to tumor spread. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is associated with the reduced capacity of the endogenous cell defense mechanisms and/or metabolic imbalance, is the main contributor to oxidative stress. An abnormal level of ROS was defined as a predisposing factor for the cell transformation that could trigger pro-oncogenic signaling pathways, induce changes in gene expression, and facilitate accumulation of mutations, DNA damage, and genomic instability. Additionally, the activation of transcription factors caused by a prolonged oxidative stress, including NF-κB, p53, HIF1α, etc., leads to the expression of several genes responsible for inflammation. The resulting hyperactivation of inflammatory mediators, including TNFα, TGF-β, interleukins, and prostaglandins can contribute to the development of neoplasia. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were shown to trigger adaptive reactions and the acquisition of resistance by tumor cells to apoptosis, while promoting proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis. Moreover, the chronic inflammatory response leads to the excessive production of free radicals, which further aggravate the initiated reactions. This review summarizes the recent data and progress in the discovery of mechanisms that associate oxidative stress and chronic inflammation with cancer onset and metastasis. In addition, the review provides insights for the development of therapeutic approaches and the discovery of natural substances that will be able to simultaneously inhibit several key oncological and inflammation-related targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Neganova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Erqi, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (M.N.); (J.L.)
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia;
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Erqi, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (M.N.); (J.L.)
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yulia Aleksandrova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia;
| | - Sergey Klochkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia;
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Erqi, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (M.N.); (J.L.)
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Ovarian Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8388258. [PMID: 34659640 PMCID: PMC8516553 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8388258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) arises when the body is subjected to harmful endogenous or exogenous factors that overwhelm the antioxidant system. There is increasing evidence that OS is involved in a number of diseases, including ovarian cancer (OC). OC is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, and risk factors include genetic factors, age, infertility, nulliparity, microbial infections, obesity, smoking, etc. OS can promote the proliferation, metastasis, and therapy resistance of OC, while high levels of OS have cytotoxic effects and induce apoptosis in OC cells. This review focuses on the relationship between OS and the development of OC from four aspects: genetic alterations, signaling pathways, transcription factors, and the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, strategies to target aberrant OS in OC are summarized and discussed, with a view to providing new ideas for clinical treatment.
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Nunes SC, Ramos C, Santos I, Mendes C, Silva F, Vicente JB, Pereira SA, Félix A, Gonçalves LG, Serpa J. Cysteine Boosts Fitness Under Hypoxia-Mimicked Conditions in Ovarian Cancer by Metabolic Reprogramming. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722412. [PMID: 34458274 PMCID: PMC8386479 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Among gynecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer is the third most prevalent and the most common cause of death, especially due to diagnosis at an advanced stage together with resistance to therapy. As a solid tumor grows, cancer cells in the microenvironment are exposed to regions of hypoxia, a selective pressure prompting tumor progression and chemoresistance. We have previously shown that cysteine contributes to the adaptation to this hypoxic microenvironment, but the mechanisms by which cysteine protects ovarian cancer cells from hypoxia-induced death are still to be unveiled. Herein, we hypothesized that cysteine contribution relies on cellular metabolism reprogramming and energy production, being cysteine itself a metabolic source. Our results strongly supported a role of xCT symporter in energy production that requires cysteine metabolism instead of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) per se. Cysteine degradation depends on the action of the H2S-synthesizing enzymes cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), and/or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MpST; together with cysteine aminotransferase, CAT). In normoxia, CBS and CSE inhibition had a mild impact on cysteine-sustained ATP production, pointing out the relevance of CAT + MpST pathway. However, in hypoxia, the concomitant inhibition of CBS and CSE had a stronger impact on ATP synthesis, thus also supporting a role of their hydrogen sulfide and/or cysteine persulfide-synthesizing activity in this stressful condition. However, the relative contributions of each of these enzymes (CBS/CSE/MpST) on cysteine-derived ATP synthesis under hypoxia remains unclear, due to the lack of specific inhibitors. Strikingly, NMR analysis strongly supported a role of cysteine in the whole cellular metabolism rewiring under hypoxia. Additionally, the use of cysteine to supply biosynthesis and bioenergetics was reinforced, bringing cysteine to the plateau of a main carbon sources in cancer. Collectively, this work supports that sulfur and carbon metabolism reprogramming underlies the adaptation to hypoxic microenvironment promoted by cysteine in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia C. Nunes
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristiano Ramos
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês Santos
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cindy Mendes
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Silva
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João B. Vicente
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sofia A. Pereira
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Félix
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís G. Gonçalves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
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Villanueva C, Chang J, Ziogas A, Bristow RE, Vieira VM. Ambient air pollution and ovarian cancer survival in California. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 163:155-161. [PMID: 34330535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether exposure to ambient ozone, particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and distance to major roadways (DTR) impact ovarian cancer-specific survival, while considering differences by stage, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. METHODS Women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer from 1996 to 2014 were identified through the California Cancer Registry and followed through 2016. Women's geocoded addresses were linked to pollutant exposure data and averaged over the follow-up period. Pollutants were considered independently and in multi-pollutant models. Cox proportional hazards models assessed hazards of disease-specific death due to environmental exposures, controlling for important covariates, with additional models stratified by stage at diagnosis, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. RESULTS PM2.5 and NO2, but not ozone or DTR, were significantly associated with survival in univariate models. In a multi-pollutant model for PM2.5, ozone, and DTR, an interquartile range increase in PM2.5 (Hazard Ratio [HR], 1.45; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.41-1.49) was associated with worse prognosis. Similarly, in the multi-pollutant model with NO2, ozone, and DTR, women with higher NO2 exposures (HR for 20.0-30.0 ppb, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.25-1.36 and HR for >30.0 ppb, 2.48; 95% CI, 2.32-2.66) had greater mortality compared to the lowest exposed (<20.0 ppb). Stratified results show the effects of the pollutants differed by race/ethnicity and were magnified among women diagnosed in early stages. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses suggest that greater exposure to NO2 and PM2.5 may adversely impact ovarian cancer-specific survival, independent of sociodemographic and treatment factors. These findings warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Villanueva
- Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America.
| | - Jenny Chang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Argyrios Ziogas
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Robert E Bristow
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, United States of America; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, United States of America
| | - Verónica M Vieira
- Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America; Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, United States of America
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Sun Z, Wang S, Yang R, Li X, Yang Y, Qi X, Ma Y, Xu W. Gestational diabetes mellitus and risks of gynecologic cancers: Results from a nationwide Swedish twin study. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 162:142-147. [PMID: 33934849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes has been associated with increased risk of gynecologic cancers, yet the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on gynecologic cancers is unclear. OBJECTIVES To examine associations between GDM history and subsequent gynecologic cancers in parous women, and to explore whether gestational hypertension (GH) plays a role in the associations. STUDY DESIGN The population-based cohort study included 15,941 individuals from the Swedish Twin Registry. The history of GDM and GH was ascertained based on self-reports. Incident cases of gynecologic cancers (including cancers of the cervix, uterus, ovaries and other female genitalia) were obtained from the National Patients Registry and the Swedish Cancer Registry. Generalized estimating equation models were applied to analyze associations between GDM and gynecologic cancers. Stratified analysis was used to explore whether associations between GDM and gynecologic cancers differed by GH. Additive and multiplicative interactions were calculated between GDM and GH. RESULTS Of all participants, 350 (2.2%) had GDM, and 1762 (11.1%) had incident gynecologic cancers. No statistically significant associations were found between GDM and risks of any gynecologic cancers. However, GDM was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (OR = 5.29, 95% CI: 1.63-17.19) in women with GH. Interactions between GDM and GH were observed on the additive scale (Attributable proportion due to interaction: 0.86, 95% CI 0.42-1.30, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The associations between GDM and risks of gynecologic cancers were not evident, but the effect of GDM on the risk of ovarian cancer was modified by GH. Further validation in larger cohorts is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongrong Yang
- Public Health Science and Engineering College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuerui Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Yumeng Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuying Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaomei Ma
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Weili Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Center for International Collaborative Research in Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China; Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Kingnate C, Charoenkwan K, Kumfu S, Apaijai N, Jaiwongkam T, Khunamornpong S, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Platinum-based chemotherapy and bevacizumab instigate the destruction of human ovarian cancers via different signaling pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 188:114587. [PMID: 33932471 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The standard chemotherapy regimens of ovarian cancer are platinum-based chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel) and bevacizumab (BEV). However, the effects of BEV alone or combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel on mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial function, mitophagy, apoptosis, inflammation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human ovarian cancer mitochondria and cells have not yet been investigated. Therefore, we aimed to test the hypothesis that 1) platinum-based chemotherapy and BEV equally damage isolated mitochondria from human ovarian cancers, and ovarian cancer cells through inducing mitochondrial dynamics dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased mitophagy and apoptosis, as well as altered inflammation and VEGF; and 2) combined therapies exert greater damage than monotherapy. Each isolated human ovarian cancer mitochondria (n = 16) or CaOV3 cells (n = 6) were treated with either platinum-based chemotherapy (carboplatin 10 μM and paclitaxel 5 μM), BEV (2 mg/mL) or combined platinum-based chemotherapy and BEV for 60 min or 24 h, respectively. Following the treatment, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial function, mitophagy, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, inflammation and VEGF were determined. Platinum-based chemotherapy caused ovarian cancer mitochondria and cell damage through mitochondrial dysfunction, increased cell death with impairment of membrane integrity, and enhanced VEGF reduction, while BEV did not. BEV caused deterioration of ovarian cancer mitochondria and cells through mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis, but it had no effect on cell viability. Interestingly, combined platinum-based chemotherapy and BEV treatments had no addictive effects on all parameters except mitochondrial maximal respiration, when compared to monotherapy. Collectively, these findings suggest that platinum-based chemotherapy and BEV caused human ovarian cancer mitochondrial and cell damage through different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalita Kingnate
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lamphun Hospital, Lamphun 51000, Thailand; Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kittipat Charoenkwan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sirinart Kumfu
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Jaiwongkam
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Surapan Khunamornpong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Carrà G, Ermondi G, Riganti C, Righi L, Caron G, Menga A, Capelletto E, Maffeo B, Lingua MF, Fusella F, Volante M, Taulli R, Guerrasio A, Novello S, Brancaccio M, Piazza R, Morotti A. IκBα targeting promotes oxidative stress-dependent cell death. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:136. [PMID: 33863364 PMCID: PMC8050912 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01921-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is a hallmark of many cancers. The increment in reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting from an increased mitochondrial respiration, is the major cause of oxidative stress. Cell fate is known to be intricately linked to the amount of ROS produced. The direct generation of ROS is also one of the mechanisms exploited by common anticancer therapies, such as chemotherapy. METHODS We assessed the role of NFKBIA with various approaches, including in silico analyses, RNA-silencing and xenotransplantation. Western blot analyses, immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of specific proteins and genes. Immunoprecipitation and pull-down experiments were used to evaluate protein-protein interactions. RESULTS Here, by using an in silico approach, following the identification of NFKBIA (the gene encoding IκBα) amplification in various cancers, we described an inverse correlation between IκBα, oxidative metabolism, and ROS production in lung cancer. Furthermore, we showed that novel IκBα targeting compounds combined with cisplatin treatment promote an increase in ROS beyond the tolerated threshold, thus causing death by oxytosis. CONCLUSIONS NFKBIA amplification and IκBα overexpression identify a unique cancer subtype associated with specific expression profile and metabolic signatures. Through p65-NFKB regulation, IκBα overexpression favors metabolic rewiring of cancer cells and distinct susceptibility to cisplatin. Lastly, we have developed a novel approach to disrupt IκBα/p65 interaction, restoring p65-mediated apoptotic responses to cisplatin due to mitochondria deregulation and ROS-production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Carrà
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ermondi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Luisella Righi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giulia Caron
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessio Menga
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrica Capelletto
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Beatrice Maffeo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | | | - Federica Fusella
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Taulli
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Angelo Guerrasio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Mara Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Rocco Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca and San Gerardo Hospital, 20900, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.
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Ferdous UT, Yusof ZNB. Medicinal Prospects of Antioxidants From Algal Sources in Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:593116. [PMID: 33746748 PMCID: PMC7973026 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.593116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Though cancer therapeutics can successfully eradicate cancerous cells, the effectiveness of these medications is mostly restricted to several deleterious side effects. Therefore, to alleviate these side effects, antioxidant supplementation is often warranted, reducing reactive species levels and mitigating persistent oxidative damage. Thus, it can impede the growth of cancer cells while protecting the normal cells simultaneously. Moreover, antioxidant supplementation alone or in combination with chemotherapeutics hinders further tumor development, prevents chemoresistance by improving the response to chemotherapy drugs, and enhances cancer patients' quality of life by alleviating side effects. Preclinical and clinical studies have been revealed the efficacy of using phytochemical and dietary antioxidants from different sources in treating chemo and radiation therapy-induced toxicities and enhancing treatment effectiveness. In this context, algae, both micro and macro, can be considered as alternative natural sources of antioxidants. Algae possess antioxidants from diverse groups, which can be exploited in the pharmaceutical industry. Despite having nutritional benefits, investigation and utilization of algal antioxidants are still in their infancy. This review article summarizes the prospective anticancer effect of twenty-three antioxidants from microalgae and their potential mechanism of action in cancer cells, as well as usage in cancer therapy. In addition, antioxidants from seaweeds, especially from edible species, are outlined, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Tamanna Ferdous
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Almatroodi SA, Alsahli MA, Almatroudi A, Verma AK, Aloliqi A, Allemailem KS, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Potential Therapeutic Targets of Quercetin, a Plant Flavonol, and Its Role in the Therapy of Various Types of Cancer through the Modulation of Various Cell Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051315. [PMID: 33804548 PMCID: PMC7957552 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic flavonoids are considered natural, non-toxic chemopreventers, which are most commonly derived from plants, fruits, and vegetables. Most of these polyphenolics exhibit remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Quercetin (Qu) is a chief representative of these polyphenolic compounds, which exhibits excellent antioxidant and anticancer potential, and has attracted the attention of researchers working in the area of cancer biology. Qu can regulate numerous tumor-related activities, such as oxidative stress, angiogenesis, cell cycle, tumor necrosis factor, proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. The anticancer properties of Qu mainly occur through the modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), apoptosis, phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase (P13K)/Akt (proteinase-kinase B)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase)/ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2), and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. The anticancer potential of Qu is documented in numerous in vivo and in vitro studies, involving several animal models and cell lines. Remarkably, this phytochemical possesses toxic activities against cancerous cells only, with limited toxic effects on normal cells. In this review, we present extensive research investigations aimed to discuss the therapeutic potential of Qu in the management of different types of cancers. The anticancer potential of Qu is specifically discussed by focusing its ability to target specific molecular signaling, such as p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), VEGF, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), PI3K/Akt, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. The anticancer potential of Qu has gained remarkable interest, but the exact mechanism of its action remains unclear. However, this natural compound has great pharmacological potential; it is now believed to be a complementary—or alternative—medicine for the prevention and treatment of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Amit Kumar Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 51542, India;
| | - Abdulaziz Aloliqi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Food-Derived Pharmacological Modulators of the Nrf2/ARE Pathway: Their Role in the Treatment of Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041016. [PMID: 33671866 PMCID: PMC7918973 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, which refers to unbalanced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cells, has been linked to acute and chronic diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) pathway plays a vital role in regulating cytoprotective genes and enzymes in response to oxidative stress. Therefore, pharmacological regulation of Nrf2/ARE pathway is an effective method to treat several diseases that are mainly characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation. Natural products that counteract oxidative stress by modulating Nrf2 have contributed significantly to disease treatment. In this review, we focus on bioactive compounds derived from food that are Nrf2/ARE pathway regulators and describe the molecular mechanisms for regulating Nrf2 to exert favorable effects in experimental models of diseases.
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Qiu M, Liu J, Su Y, Liu J, Wu C, Zhao B. Aloperine Induces Apoptosis by a Reactive Oxygen Species Activation Mechanism in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 27:860-869. [PMID: 32196436 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200320094313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide with poor prognosis owing to chemotherapy resistance and cancer relapse. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel anticancer agents against ovarian cancer. OBJECTIVE The aim of this research is to investigate the possible anticancer activity of aloperine, an active ingredient from a traditional Chinese medicine Sophora alopecuroides, and to explore the possible Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-related mechanism. METHODS Cell viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, ROS generation, and oxidant stress indicators were analyzed. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that aloperine significantly induced inhibition of cell viability, promoted cytotoxicity and mitochondrial-related apoptosis, and increased ROS generation in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, the antioxidant α-lipoic acid reversed apoptosis in aloperinetreated cells. In addition, we identified hydrogen peroxide as the main type of ROS, and the antioxidant catalase suppressed the apoptotic inducing effect of aloperine whereas hydrogen peroxide supplement exacerbated the effect of aloperine in ovarian cancer cells. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results indicated that aloperine could exert anti-ovarian cancer cell activity through a reactive oxygen species activation mechanism and suggested aloperine as a potential agent against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingning Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongxia Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chenchen Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Duanghathaipornsuk S, Farrell EJ, Alba-Rubio AC, Zelenay P, Kim DS. Detection Technologies for Reactive Oxygen Species: Fluorescence and Electrochemical Methods and Their Applications. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:30. [PMID: 33498809 PMCID: PMC7911324 DOI: 10.3390/bios11020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been found in plants, mammals, and natural environmental processes. The presence of ROS in mammals has been linked to the development of severe diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, tumors, and several neurodegenerative conditions. The most common ROS involved in human health are superoxide (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (•OH). Organic and inorganic molecules have been integrated with various methods to detect and monitor ROS for understanding the effect of their presence and concentration on diseases caused by oxidative stress. Among several techniques, fluorescence and electrochemical methods have been recently developed and employed for the detection of ROS. This literature review intends to critically discuss the development of these techniques to date, as well as their application for in vitro and in vivo ROS detection regarding free-radical-related diseases. Moreover, important insights into and further steps for using fluorescence and electrochemical methods in the detection of ROS are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eveline J Farrell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Ana C Alba-Rubio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
| | - Piotr Zelenay
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Dong-Shik Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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Yi Q, Ran Y, Li C. The Effect of Delayed Chemotherapy on the Decrease of CA125 in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer During Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in 2020. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:515-520. [PMID: 33500665 PMCID: PMC7826069 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s289773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were affected by delayed chemotherapy during the coronavirus disease pandemic in 2020. Materials and Methods A delay of more than 21 days in the planned chemotherapy was defined as "delayed chemotherapy." Forty-five patients with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer were delayed between January 1 and March 30, 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Thirty-two cases were enrolled in this study. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was used in 8 cases; palliative chemotherapy was used in 5 cases; and maintenance chemotherapy was used in 19 cases. Data included age, pathological type, surgical pathological stage, chemotherapy time and CA125 levels were collected. The half-life of CA125 and the decrease in CA125 levels before and after delayed chemotherapy were calculated. Results No patient got coronavirus disease. Compared with patients of ovarian cancer, fallopian tube epithelial cancer and peritoneal epithelial cancer in the same periods in 2019, the half-life of CA125 in neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and recurrence chemotherapy group were more than 20 days, but there was no significant difference. Only when the delayed chemotherapy took place before CA125 turned negative, accompanied by an interval of more than 60 days, the CA125 half-life and the decreased range of CA125 were totally affected. Conclusion There was no evidence to support that once chemotherapy was delayed it would influence the decrease of CA125, but whether it would affect the long-term effects such as recurrence and five-year survival rate remains to be further followed up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ran
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Moscatello C, Di Nicola M, Veschi S, Di Gregorio P, Cianchetti E, Stuppia L, Battista P, Cama A, Curia MC, Aceto GM. Relationship between MUTYH, OGG1 and BRCA1 mutations and mRNA expression in breast and ovarian cancer predisposition. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 14:15. [PMID: 33343895 PMCID: PMC7725208 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aetiology of breast and ovarian cancer (BC/OC) is multi-factorial. At present, the involvement of base excision repair (BER) glycosylases (MUTYH and OGG1) in BC/OC predisposition is controversial. The present study investigated whether germline mutation status and mRNA expression of two BER genes, MUTHY and OGG1, were correlated with BRCA1 in 59 patients with BC/OC and 50 matched population controls. In addition, to evaluate the relationship between MUTYH, OGG1 and BRCA1, their possible mutual modulation and correlation among mutational spectrum, gene expression and demographic characteristics were evaluated. The results identified 18 MUTYH and OGG1 variants, of which 4 were novel (2 MUTYH and 2 OGG1) in 44 of the 59 patients. In addition, two pathogenic mutations were identified: OGG1 p.Arg46Gln, detected in a patient with BC and a family history of cancer, and MUTYH p.Val234Gly in a patient with OC, also with a family history of cancer. A significant reduced transcript expression in MUTYH was observed (P=0.033) in cases, and in association with the presence of rare variants in the same gene (P=0.030). A significant correlation in the expression of the two BER genes was observed in cases (P=0.004), whereas OGG1 and BRCA1 was significantly correlated in cases (P=0.001) compared with controls (P=0.010). The results of the present study indicated that the relationship among mutational spectrum, gene expression and demographic characteristics may improve the genetic diagnosis and primary prevention of at-risk individuals belonging to families with reduced mRNA expression, regardless of mutation presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Moscatello
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Serena Veschi
- Department of Pharmacy, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Di Gregorio
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ettore Cianchetti
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Immunohaematology and Transfusional Medicine Service, 'SS. Annunziata' Hospital, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pasquale Battista
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cama
- Department of Pharmacy, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Curia
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Gitana Maria Aceto
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
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Brook N, Brook E, Dass CR, Chan A, Dharmarajan A. Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor and Sex Hormone-Responsive Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113483. [PMID: 33238558 PMCID: PMC7700359 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oestrogens and androgens play important roles in normal and cancerous tissue and have been shown to negatively regulate pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) expression in sex hormone-responsive tumours. PEDF suppresses tumour growth and its downregulation by oestrogen is implicated in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and progression. PEDF expression is reduced in cancerous tissue of the prostate, breast, ovary, and endometrium compared to their normal tissue counterparts, with a link between PEDF downregulation and sex hormone signalling observed in pre-clinical studies. PEDF reduces growth and metastasis of tumour cells by promoting apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis, increasing adhesion, and reducing migration. PEDF may also prevent treatment resistance in some cancers by downregulating oestrogen receptor signalling. By interacting with components of the tumour microenvironment, PEDF counteracts the proliferative and immunosuppressive effects of oestrogens, to ultimately reduce tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this review, we focus on sex hormone regulation of PEDF's anti-tumour action in sex hormone-responsive tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Brook
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; (N.B.); (E.B.)
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Emily Brook
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; (N.B.); (E.B.)
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Crispin R. Dass
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; (N.B.); (E.B.)
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Correspondence: (C.R.D.); (A.D.); Tel.: +61-8-9266-1489 (C.R.D.)
| | - Arlene Chan
- School of Medicine, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia;
- Breast Cancer Research Centre-Western Australia, Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India
- Correspondence: (C.R.D.); (A.D.); Tel.: +61-8-9266-1489 (C.R.D.)
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Talib WH, AL-ataby IA, Mahmod AI, Jawarneh S, Al Kury LT, AL-Yasari IH. The Impact of Herbal Infusion Consumption on Oxidative Stress and Cancer: The Good, the Bad, the Misunderstood. Molecules 2020; 25:E4207. [PMID: 32937891 PMCID: PMC7570648 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress is associated with the development of many ailments, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. The causal link between oxidative stress and cancer is well established and antioxidants are suggested as a protective mechanism against cancer development. Recently, an increase in the consumption of antioxidant supplements was observed globally. The main sources of these antioxidants include fruits, vegetables, and beverage. Herbal infusions are highly popular beverages consumed daily for different reasons. Studies showed the potent antioxidant effects of plants used in the preparation of some herbal infusions. Such herbal infusions represent an important source of antioxidants and can be used as a dietary protection against cancer. However, uncontrolled consumption of herbal infusions may cause toxicity and reduced antioxidant activity. In this review, eleven widely consumed herbal infusions were evaluated for their antioxidant capacities, anticancer potential and possible toxicity. These herbal infusions are highly popular and consumed as daily drinks in different countries. Studies discussed in this review will provide a solid ground for researchers to have better understanding of the use of herbal infusions to reduce oxidative stress and as protective supplements against cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (I.A.A.); (A.I.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Israa A. AL-ataby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (I.A.A.); (A.I.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (I.A.A.); (A.I.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Sajidah Jawarneh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (I.A.A.); (A.I.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Lina T. Al Kury
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, UAE;
| | - Intisar Hadi AL-Yasari
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon 00964, Iraq;
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Molecular Basis Supporting the Association of Talcum Powder Use with Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1836-1838. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Sawyer BT, Qamar L, Yamamoto TM, McMellen A, Watson ZL, Richer JK, Behbakht K, Schlaepfer IR, Bitler BG. Targeting Fatty Acid Oxidation to Promote Anoikis and Inhibit Ovarian Cancer Progression. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1088-1098. [PMID: 32198139 PMCID: PMC7335321 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-derived high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy. Roughly 80% of patients are diagnosed with late-stage disease, which is defined by wide-spread cancer dissemination throughout the pelvic and peritoneal cavities. HGSOC dissemination is dependent on tumor cells acquiring the ability to resist anoikis (apoptosis triggered by cell detachment). Epithelial cell detachment from the underlying basement membrane or extracellular matrix leads to cellular stress, including nutrient deprivation. In this report, we examined the contribution of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in supporting anoikis resistance. We examined expression Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) in a panel of HGSOC cell lines cultured in adherent and suspension conditions. With CPT1A knockdown cells, we evaluated anoikis by caspase 3/7 activity, cleaved caspase 3 immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and colony formation. We assessed CPT1A-dependent mitochondrial activity and tested the effect of exogenous oleic acid on anoikis and mitochondrial activity. In a patient-derived xenograft model, we administered etomoxir, an FAO inhibitor, and/or platinum-based chemotherapy. CPT1A is overexpressed in HGSOC, correlates with poor overall survival, and is upregulated in HGSOC cells cultured in suspension. CPT1A knockdown promoted anoikis and reduced viability of cells cultured in suspension. HGSOC cells in suspension culture are dependent on CPT1A for mitochondrial activity. In a patient-derived xenograft model of HGSOC, etomoxir significantly inhibited tumor progression. IMPLICATIONS: Targeting FAO in HGSOC to promote anoikis and attenuate dissemination is a potential approach to promote a more durable antitumor response and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon T Sawyer
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lubna Qamar
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Tomomi M Yamamoto
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Alexandra McMellen
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Zachary L Watson
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jennifer K Richer
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kian Behbakht
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Isabel R Schlaepfer
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Benjamin G Bitler
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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50
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Shah HK, Sharma T, Banerjee BD. Organochlorine pesticides induce inflammation, ROS production, and DNA damage in human epithelial ovary cells: An in vitro study. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125691. [PMID: 31887490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Although the etiology of ovarian cancer is not clear, certain factors are implicated in this disease, such as ovulation, gonadotropic and steroid hormones, growth factors, cytokines, environmental agents, etc. Epidemiological studies have proven environmental exposure to pesticides with an increased risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC); however, the molecular mechanism underlying the carcinogenic effects of pesticides in human ovary remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to study the pro-inflammatory response of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) namely β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and Dieldrin following exposure to human ovary surface epithelial cells (HOSE) for risk prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer. We found high level of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA damage along with up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in OCPs treated HOSE cells compared to control (DMSO). The result of the present study suggests that β-HCH, DDE, and Dieldrin exposure induce ROS and pro-inflammatory response as well as DNA damage in HOSE cells. These various results show that OCPs may account for the neoplastic transformation of HOSE cells in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harendra Kumar Shah
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Tusha Sharma
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Basu Dev Banerjee
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India.
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