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Ahn S, Sung Y, Song W. Machine Learning-Based Identification of Diagnostic Biomarkers for Korean Male Sarcopenia Through Integrative DNA Methylation and Methylation Risk Score: From the Korean Genomic Epidemiology Study (KoGES). J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e200. [PMID: 38978487 PMCID: PMC11231442 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia, characterized by a progressive decline in muscle mass, strength, and function, is primarily attributable to aging. DNA methylation, influenced by both genetic predispositions and environmental exposures, plays a significant role in sarcopenia occurrence. This study employed machine learning (ML) methods to identify differentially methylated probes (DMPs) capable of diagnosing sarcopenia in middle-aged individuals. We also investigated the relationship between muscle strength, muscle mass, age, and sarcopenia risk as reflected in methylation profiles. METHODS Data from 509 male participants in the urban cohort of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study_Health Examinee study were categorized into quartile groups based on the sarcopenia criteria for appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) and handgrip strength (HG). To identify diagnostic biomarkers for sarcopenia, we used recursive feature elimination with cross validation (RFECV), to pinpoint DMPs significantly associated with sarcopenia. An ensemble model, leveraging majority voting, was utilized for evaluation. Furthermore, a methylation risk score (MRS) was calculated, and its correlation with muscle strength, function, and age was assessed using likelihood ratio analysis and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Participants were classified into two groups based on quartile thresholds: sarcopenia (n = 37) with ASMI and HG in the lowest quartile, and normal ranges (n = 48) in the highest. In total, 238 DMPs were identified and eight probes were selected using RFECV. These DMPs were used to build an ensemble model with robust diagnostic capabilities for sarcopenia, as evidenced by an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.94. Based on eight probes, the MRS was calculated and then validated by analyzing age, HG, and ASMI among the control group (n = 424). Age was positively correlated with high MRS (coefficient, 1.2494; odds ratio [OR], 3.4882), whereas ASMI and HG were negatively correlated with high MRS (ASMI coefficient, -0.4275; OR, 0.6521; HG coefficient, -0.3116; OR, 0.7323). CONCLUSION Overall, this study identified key epigenetic markers of sarcopenia in Korean males and developed a ML model with high diagnostic accuracy for sarcopenia. The MRS also revealed significant correlations between these markers and age, HG, and ASMI. These findings suggest that both diagnostic models and the MRS can play an important role in managing sarcopenia in middle-aged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seohyun Ahn
- Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sport Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunho Sung
- Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sport Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wook Song
- Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sport Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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2
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Weninger G, Miotto MC, Tchagou C, Reiken S, Dridi H, Brandenburg S, Riedemann GC, Yuan Q, Liu Y, Chang A, Wronska A, Lehnart SE, Marks AR. Structural insights into the regulation of RyR1 by S100A1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400497121. [PMID: 38917010 PMCID: PMC11228480 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400497121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
S100A1, a small homodimeric EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein (~21 kDa), plays an important regulatory role in Ca2+ signaling pathways involved in various biological functions including Ca2+ cycling and contractile performance in skeletal and cardiac myocytes. One key target of the S100A1 interactome is the ryanodine receptor (RyR), a huge homotetrameric Ca2+ release channel (~2.3 MDa) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Here, we report cryoelectron microscopy structures of S100A1 bound to RyR1, the skeletal muscle isoform, in absence and presence of Ca2+. Ca2+-free apo-S100A1 binds beneath the bridging solenoid (BSol) and forms contacts with the junctional solenoid and the shell-core linker of RyR1. Upon Ca2+-binding, S100A1 undergoes a conformational change resulting in the exposure of the hydrophobic pocket known to serve as a major interaction site of S100A1. Through interactions of the hydrophobic pocket with RyR1, Ca2+-bound S100A1 intrudes deeper into the RyR1 structure beneath BSol than the apo-form and induces sideways motions of the C-terminal BSol region toward the adjacent RyR1 protomer resulting in tighter interprotomer contacts. Interestingly, the second hydrophobic pocket of the S100A1-dimer is largely exposed at the hydrophilic surface making it prone to interactions with the local environment, suggesting that S100A1 could be involved in forming larger heterocomplexes of RyRs with other protein partners. Since S100A1 interactions stabilizing BSol are implicated in the regulation of RyR-mediated Ca2+ release, the characterization of the S100A1 binding site conserved between RyR isoforms may provide the structural basis for the development of therapeutic strategies regarding treatments of RyR-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Weninger
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Marco C Miotto
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Carl Tchagou
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Steven Reiken
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Haikel Dridi
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Sören Brandenburg
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC 2067), University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gabriel C Riedemann
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Alexander Chang
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Anetta Wronska
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC 2067), University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrew R Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032
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3
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Seitz A, Busch M, Kroemer J, Schneider A, Simon S, Jungmann A, Katus HA, Most P, Ritterhoff J. S100A1's single cysteine is an indispensable redox switch for the protection against diastolic calcium waves in cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 327:H000. [PMID: 38819384 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00634.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The EF-hand calcium (Ca2+) sensor protein S100A1 combines inotropic with antiarrhythmic potency in cardiomyocytes (CMs). Oxidative posttranslational modification (ox-PTM) of S100A1's conserved, single-cysteine residue (C85) via reactive nitrogen species (i.e., S-nitrosylation or S-glutathionylation) has been proposed to modulate conformational flexibility of intrinsically disordered sequence fragments and to increase the molecule's affinity toward Ca2+. Considering the unknown biological functional consequence, we aimed to determine the impact of the C85 moiety of S100A1 as a potential redox switch. We first uncovered that S100A1 is endogenously glutathionylated in the adult heart in vivo. To prevent glutathionylation of S100A1, we generated S100A1 variants that were unresponsive to ox-PTMs. Overexpression of wild-type (WT) and C85-deficient S100A1 protein variants in isolated CM demonstrated equal inotropic potency, as shown by equally augmented Ca2+ transient amplitudes under basal conditions and β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) stimulation. However, in contrast, ox-PTM defective S100A1 variants failed to protect against arrhythmogenic diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ waves and ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) hypernitrosylation during βAR stimulation. Despite diastolic performance failure, C85-deficient S100A1 protein variants exerted similar Ca2+-dependent interaction with the RyR2 than WT-S100A1. Dissecting S100A1's molecular structure-function relationship, our data indicate for the first time that the conserved C85 residue potentially acts as a redox switch that is indispensable for S100A1's antiarrhythmic but not its inotropic potency in CMs. We, therefore, propose a model where C85's ox-PTM determines S100A1's ability to beneficially control diastolic but not systolic RyR2 activity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY S100A1 is an emerging candidate for future gene-therapy treatment of human chronic heart failure. We aimed to study the significance of the conserved single-cysteine 85 (C85) residue in cardiomyocytes. We show that S100A1 is endogenously glutathionylated in the heart and demonstrate that this is dispensable to increase systolic Ca2+ transients, but indispensable for mediating S100A1's protection against sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ waves, which was dependent on the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) nitrosylation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Seitz
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Busch
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Kroemer
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schneider
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Simon
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jungmann
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Most
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
- Informatics for Life consortium, Klaus Tschira Foundation, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Julia Ritterhoff
- Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
- Informatics for Life consortium, Klaus Tschira Foundation, Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Greene D, Shiferaw Y. A structure-based computational model of IP 3R1 incorporating Ca and IP3 regulation. Biophys J 2024; 123:1274-1288. [PMID: 38627970 PMCID: PMC11140470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) mediates Ca release in many cell types and is pivotal to a wide range of cellular processes. High-resolution cryoelectron microscopy studies have provided new structural details of IP3R type 1 (IP3R1), showing that channel function is determined by the movement of various domains within and between each of its four subunits. Channel properties are regulated by ligands, such as Ca and IP3, which bind at specific sites and control the interactions between these domains. However, it is not known how the various ligand-binding sites on IP3R1 interact to control the opening of the channel. In this study, we present a coarse-grained model of IP3R1 that accounts for the channel architecture and the location of specific Ca- and IP3-binding sites. This computational model accounts for the domain-domain interactions within and between the four subunits that form IP3R1, and it also describes how ligand binding regulates these interactions. Using a kinetic model, we explore how two Ca-binding sites on the cytosolic side of the channel interact with the IP3-binding site to regulate the channel open probability. Our primary finding is that the bell-shaped open probability of IP3R1 provides constraints on the relative strength of these regulatory binding sites. In particular, we argue that a specific Ca-binding site, whose function has not yet been established, is very likely a channel antagonist. Additionally, we apply our model to show that domain-domain interactions between neighboring subunits exert control over channel cooperativity and dictate the nonlinear response of the channel to Ca concentration. This suggests that specific domain-domain interactions play a pivotal role in maintaining the channel's stability, and a disruption of these interactions may underlie disease states associated with Ca dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D'Artagnan Greene
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, California State University, Northridge, California
| | - Yohannes Shiferaw
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, California State University, Northridge, California.
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5
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Wegener JW, Mitronova GY, ElShareif L, Quentin C, Belov V, Pochechueva T, Hasenfuss G, Ackermann L, Lehnart SE. A dual-targeted drug inhibits cardiac ryanodine receptor Ca 2+ leak but activates SERCA2a Ca 2+ uptake. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302278. [PMID: 38012000 PMCID: PMC10681910 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the heart, genetic or acquired mishandling of diastolic [Ca2+] by ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) overactivity correlates with risks of arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Strategies to avoid these risks include decrease of Ca2+ release by drugs modulating RyR2 activity or increase in Ca2+ uptake by drugs modulating SR Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a) activity. Here, we combine these strategies by developing experimental compounds that act simultaneously on both processes. Our screening efforts identified the new 1,4-benzothiazepine derivative GM1869 as a promising compound. Consequently, we comparatively studied the effects of the known RyR2 modulators Dantrolene and S36 together with GM1869 on RyR2 and SERCA2a activity in cardiomyocytes from wild type and arrhythmia-susceptible RyR2R2474S/+ mice by confocal live-cell imaging. All drugs reduced RyR2-mediated Ca2+ spark frequency but only GM1869 accelerated SERCA2a-mediated decay of Ca2+ transients in murine and human cardiomyocytes. Our data indicate that S36 and GM1869 are more suitable than dantrolene to directly modulate RyR2 activity, especially in RyR2R2474S/+ mice. Remarkably, GM1869 may represent a new dual-acting lead compound for maintenance of diastolic [Ca2+].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg W Wegener
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center of Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gyuzel Y Mitronova
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lina ElShareif
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center of Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christine Quentin
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vladimir Belov
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tatiana Pochechueva
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center of Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Hasenfuss
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center of Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Georg-August University of Göttingen, Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center of Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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6
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Mitronova GY, Quentin C, Belov VN, Wegener JW, Kiszka KA, Lehnart SE. 1,4-Benzothiazepines with Cyclopropanol Groups and Their Structural Analogues Exhibit Both RyR2-Stabilizing and SERCA2a-Stimulating Activities. J Med Chem 2023; 66:15761-15775. [PMID: 37991191 PMCID: PMC10726367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
To discover new multifunctional agents for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, we designed and synthesized a series of compounds with a cyclopropyl alcohol moiety and evaluated them in biochemical assays. Biological screening identified derivatives with dual activity: preventing Ca2+ leak through ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and enhancing cardiac sarco-endoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ load by activation of Ca2+-dependent ATPase 2a (SERCA2a). The compounds that stabilize RyR2 at micro- and nanomolar concentrations are either structurally related to RyR-stabilizing drugs or Rycals or have structures similar to them. The novel compounds also demonstrate a good ability to increase ATP hydrolysis mediated by SERCA2a activity in cardiac microsomes, e.g., the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) was as low as 383 nM for compound 12a, which is 1,4-benzothiazepine with two cyclopropanol groups. Our findings indicate that these derivatives can be considered as new lead compounds to improve cardiac function in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuzel Y. Mitronova
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- German
Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Christine Quentin
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Vladimir N. Belov
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Jörg W. Wegener
- Department
of Cardiology & Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 42a, Göttingen 37075, Germany
- German
Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Kamila A. Kiszka
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Stephan E. Lehnart
- Department
of Cardiology & Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 42a, Göttingen 37075, Germany
- German
Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
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7
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Dridi H, Santulli G, Bahlouli L, Miotto MC, Weninger G, Marks AR. Mitochondrial Calcium Overload Plays a Causal Role in Oxidative Stress in the Failing Heart. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1409. [PMID: 37759809 PMCID: PMC10527470 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a serious global health challenge, affecting more than 6.2 million people in the United States and is projected to reach over 8 million by 2030. Independent of etiology, failing hearts share common features, including defective calcium (Ca2+) handling, mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, and oxidative stress. In cardiomyocytes, Ca2+ not only regulates excitation-contraction coupling, but also mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress signaling, thereby controlling the function and actual destiny of the cell. Understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and the molecular pathways involved in the regulation of increased mitochondrial Ca2+ influx is an ongoing challenge in order to identify novel therapeutic targets to alleviate the burden of heart failure. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms underlying altered mitochondrial Ca2+ handling in heart failure and the potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikel Dridi
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Laith Bahlouli
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Marco C. Miotto
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Gunnar Weninger
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
| | - Andrew R. Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; (L.B.); (M.C.M.); (G.W.); (A.R.M.)
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8
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Nikolaienko R, Bovo E, Kahn D, Gracia R, Jamrozik T, Zima AV. Cysteines 1078 and 2991 cross-linking plays a critical role in redox regulation of cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR). Nat Commun 2023; 14:4498. [PMID: 37495581 PMCID: PMC10372021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common cardiac pathologies, such as myocardial infarction and heart failure, are associated with oxidative stress. Oxidation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) Ca2+ channel causes spontaneous oscillations of intracellular Ca2+, resulting in contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias. RyR2 oxidation promotes the formation of disulfide bonds between two cysteines on neighboring RyR2 subunits, known as intersubunit cross-linking. However, the large number of cysteines in RyR2 has been a major hurdle in identifying the specific cysteines involved in this pathology-linked post-translational modification of the channel. Through mutagenesis of human RyR2 and in-cell Ca2+ imaging, we identify that only two cysteines (out of 89) in each RyR2 subunit are responsible for half of the channel's functional response to oxidative stress. Our results identify cysteines 1078 and 2991 as a redox-sensitive pair that forms an intersubunit disulfide bond between neighboring RyR2 subunits during oxidative stress, resulting in a pathological "leaky" RyR2 Ca2+ channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Nikolaienko
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Elisa Bovo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Daniel Kahn
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Ryan Gracia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Thomas Jamrozik
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Aleksey V Zima
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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9
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Abstract
This Review provides an update on ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and their role in human diseases of heart, muscle, and brain. Calcium (Ca2+) is a requisite second messenger in all living organisms. From C. elegans to mammals, Ca2+ is necessary for locomotion, bodily functions, and neural activity. However, too much of a good thing can be bad. Intracellular Ca2+ overload can result in loss of function and death. Intracellular Ca2+ release channels evolved to safely provide large, rapid Ca2+ signals without exposure to toxic extracellular Ca2+. RyRs are intracellular Ca2+ release channels present throughout the zoosphere. Over the past 35 years, our knowledge of RyRs has advanced to the level of atomic-resolution structures revealing their role in the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of human disorders of heart, muscle, and brain. Stress-induced RyR-mediated intracellular Ca2+ leak in the heart can promote heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias. In skeletal muscle, RyR1 leak contributes to muscle weakness in inherited myopathies, to age-related loss of muscle function and cancer-associated muscle weakness, and to impaired muscle function in muscular dystrophies, including Duchenne. In the brain, leaky RyR channels contribute to cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease, posttraumatic stress disorder, and Huntington's disease. Novel therapeutics targeting dysfunctional RyRs are showing promise.
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10
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Ushakov A, Ivanchenko V, Gagarina A. Heart Failure And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Neurohumoral, Histological And Molecular Interconnections. Curr Cardiol Rev 2023; 19:e170622206132. [PMID: 35718961 PMCID: PMC10201898 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x18666220617121144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a global healthcare burden and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) appears to be one of the major risk factors that significantly worsen HF prognosis and increase the risk of fatal cardiovascular outcomes. Despite a great knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in HF development and progression, hospitalization rates in patients with HF and concomitant T2DM remain elevated. In this review, we discuss the complex interplay between systemic neurohumoral regulation and local cardiac mechanisms participating in myocardial remodeling and HF development in T2DM with special attention to cardiomyocyte energy metabolism, mitochondrial function and calcium metabolism, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, extracellular matrix remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ushakov
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation
| | - V. Ivanchenko
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation
| | - A. Gagarina
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation
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11
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Abstract
The global burden caused by cardiovascular disease is substantial, with heart disease representing the most common cause of death around the world. There remains a need to develop better mechanistic models of cardiac function in order to combat this health concern. Heart rhythm disorders, or arrhythmias, are one particular type of disease which has been amenable to quantitative investigation. Here we review the application of quantitative methodologies to explore dynamical questions pertaining to arrhythmias. We begin by describing single-cell models of cardiac myocytes, from which two and three dimensional models can be constructed. Special focus is placed on results relating to pattern formation across these spatially-distributed systems, especially the formation of spiral waves of activation. Next, we discuss mechanisms which can lead to the initiation of arrhythmias, focusing on the dynamical state of spatially discordant alternans, and outline proposed mechanisms perpetuating arrhythmias such as fibrillation. We then review experimental and clinical results related to the spatio-temporal mapping of heart rhythm disorders. Finally, we describe treatment options for heart rhythm disorders and demonstrate how statistical physics tools can provide insights into the dynamics of heart rhythm disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter-Jan Rappel
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
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12
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El Hayek MS, Ernande L, Benitah JP, Gomez AM, Pereira L. The role of hyperglycaemia in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 114:748-760. [PMID: 34627704 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with a chronic hyperglycaemic state. Cardiovascular diseases are the primary cause of mortality in patients with diabetes. Increasing evidence supports the existence of diabetic cardiomyopathy, a cardiac dysfunction with impaired cardiac contraction and relaxation, independent of coronary and/or valvular complications. Diabetic cardiomyopathy can lead to heart failure. Several preclinical and clinical studies have aimed to decipher the underlying mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Among all the co-factors, hyperglycaemia seems to play an important role in this pathology. Hyperglycaemia has been shown to alter cardiac metabolism and function through several deleterious mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, accumulation of advanced glycated end-products and upregulation of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway. These mechanisms are responsible for the activation of hypertrophic pathways, epigenetic modifications, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell apoptosis, fibrosis and calcium mishandling, leading to cardiac stiffness, as well as contractile and relaxation dysfunction. This review aims to describe the hyperglycaemic-induced alterations that participate in diabetic cardiomyopathy, and their correlation with the severity of the disease and patient mortality, and to provide an overview of cardiac outcomes of glucose-lowering therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Ernande
- INSERM U955, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), 94010 Créteil, France; Department of Cardiology, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955-Équipe 8, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, 94010 Créteil, France
| | | | - Ana-Maria Gomez
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, UMR-S 1180, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Laetitia Pereira
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, UMR-S 1180, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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13
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Melville Z, Kim K, Clarke OB, Marks AR. High-resolution structure of the membrane-embedded skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. Structure 2021; 30:172-180.e3. [PMID: 34469755 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR)/calcium release channel on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is required for skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling and is the largest known ion channel, composed of four 565-kDa protomers. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies of the RyR have primarily used detergent to solubilize the channel; in the present study, we have used cryo-EM to solve high-resolution structures of the channel in liposomes using a gel-filtration approach with on-column detergent removal to form liposomes and incorporate the channel simultaneously. This allowed us to resolve the structure of the channel in the primed and open states at 3.4 and 4.0 Å, respectively, with a single dataset. This method offers validation for detergent-based structures of the RyR and offers a starting point for utilizing a chemical gradient mimicking the SR, where Ca2+ concentrations are millimolar in the lumen and nanomolar in the cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zephan Melville
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kookjoo Kim
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oliver B Clarke
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew R Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Clyde & Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Baier MJ, Noack J, Seitz MT, Maier LS, Neef S. Phosphorylation of RyR2 Ser-2814 by CaMKII mediates β1-adrenergic stress induced Ca 2+ -leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:2756-2762. [PMID: 34403217 PMCID: PMC8487045 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic stimulation, while being the central mechanism of cardiac positive inotropy, is a universally acknowledged inductor of undesirable sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ leak. However, the exact mechanisms for this remained unspecified so far. This study shows that Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)‐specific phosphorylation of ryanodine receptor type 2 at Ser‐2814 is the pivotal mechanism by which SR Ca2+ leak develops downstream of β1‐adrenergic stress by increase of the leak/load relationship. Cardiomyocytes with a Ser‐2814 phosphoresistant mutation (S2814A) were protected from isoproterenol‐induced SR Ca2+ leak and consequently displayed improved postrest potentiation of systolic Ca2+ release under adrenergic stress compared to littermate wild‐type cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Baier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jannis Noack
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mark Tilmann Seitz
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lars S Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Neef
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
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15
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Awad HH, El-Derany MO, Mantawy EM, Michel HE, El-Naa MM, Salah El-Din RA, El-Brairy AI, El-Demerdash E. Comparative study on beneficial effects of vitamins B and D in attenuating doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in rats: Emphasis on calcium homeostasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111679. [PMID: 34029952 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of doxorubicin (DOX) to treat various tumors is limited by its cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate and compare the cardioprotective effects of nicotinamide (NAM) and alfacalcidol (1α(OH)D3), against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Sprague Dawley male rats received DOX (5 mg/kg, i.p.) once/week for four consecutive weeks. Treated groups received either NAM (600 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 consecutive days or 1α(OH)D3 (0.5 ug/kg, i.p.) once/week for four consecutive weeks. DOX elicited marked cardiac tissue injury manifested by elevated serum cardiotoxicity indices, conduction and histopathological abnormalities. Both NAM and 1α(OH)D3 successfully reversed all these changes. From the mechanistic point of view, DOX provoked intense cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) overload hence switching on calpain1 (CPN1) and mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic cascades as confirmed by upregulating Bax and caspase-3 while downregulating Bcl-2 expression. DOX also disrupted cardiac bioenergetics as evidenced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion and a declined ATP/ADP ratio. Moreover, DOX upregulated the Ca2+ sensor; calmodulin kinase II gamma (CaMKII-δ) which further contributed to cardiac damage. Interestingly, co-treatment with either NAM or 1α(OH)D3 reversed all DOX associated abnormalities by preserving Ca2+ homeostasis, replenishing ATP stores and obstructing apoptotic events. Additionally, DOX prompted nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) dependent inflammatory responses and subsequently upregulated interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression. Co-treatment with NAM or 1α(OH)D3 effectively obstructed these inflammatory signals. Remarkably, NAM showed superior beneficial cardioprotective properties over 1α(OH)D3. Both NAM and 1α(OH)D3 efficiently attenuated DOX-cardiomyopathy mainly via preserving Ca2+ homeostasis and diminishing apoptotic and inflammatory pathways. NAM definitely exhibited effective cardioprotective capabilities over 1α(OH)D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba H Awad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA University), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa O El-Derany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman M Mantawy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haidy E Michel
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona M El-Naa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | | | - Amany I El-Brairy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts (MSA University), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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16
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Müller J, Bertsch T, Volke J, Schmid A, Klingbeil R, Metodiev Y, Karaca B, Kim SH, Lindner S, Schupp T, Kittel M, Poschet G, Akin I, Behnes M. Narrative review of metabolomics in cardiovascular disease. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:2532-2550. [PMID: 34012599 PMCID: PMC8107570 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are accompanied by disorders in the cardiac metabolism. Furthermore, comorbidities often associated with cardiovascular disease can alter systemic and myocardial metabolism contributing to worsening of cardiac performance and health status. Biomarkers such as natriuretic peptides or troponins already support diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases and are represented in international guidelines. However, as cardiovascular diseases affect various pathophysiological pathways, a single biomarker approach cannot be regarded as ideal to reveal optimal clinical application. Emerging metabolomics technology allows the measurement of hundreds of metabolites in biological fluids or biopsies and thus to characterize each patient by its own metabolic fingerprint, improving our understanding of complex diseases, significantly altering the management of cardiovascular diseases and possibly personalizing medicine. This review outlines current knowledge, perspectives as well as limitations of metabolomics for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, atherosclerosis, ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, an ongoing research project tackling current inconsistencies as well as clinical applications of metabolomics will be discussed. Taken together, the application of metabolomics will enable us to gain more insights into pathophysiological interactions of metabolites and disease states as well as improving therapies of patients with cardiovascular diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Müller
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Bertsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medicine and Transfusion Medicine, Nuremburg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Justus Volke
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmid
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rebecca Klingbeil
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yulian Metodiev
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bican Karaca
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Simon Lindner
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Schupp
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kittel
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Behnes
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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17
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Truong KM, Feng W, Pessah IN. Ryanodine Receptor Type 2: A Molecular Target for Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane- and Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene-Mediated Cardiotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 2020; 178:159-172. [PMID: 32894766 PMCID: PMC7850024 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolite dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene (DDE) are ubiquitously found in the environment and linked to cardiovascular diseases-with a majority of the work focused on hypertension. Studies investigating whether DDx can interact with molecular targets on cardiac tissue to directly affect cardiac function are lacking. Therefore, we investigated whether o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDE, or p,p'-DDE (DDx, collectively) can directly alter the function of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) by assessing their effect(s) on hiPSC-CMs Ca2+ dynamics. DDx (0.1-10 µM) affected hiPSC-CMs synchronous Ca2+ oscillation frequency in a concentration-dependent manner, with p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE also decreasing Ca2+ stores. HEK-RyR2 cells cultured under antibiotic selection to induce expression of wild-type mouse ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) are used to further investigate whether DDx alters hiPSC-CMs Ca2+ dynamics through engagement with RyR2, a protein critical for cardiac muscle excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). Acute treatment with 10 µM DDx failed to induce Ca2+ release in HEK293-RyR2, whereas pretreatment with DDx (0.1-10 µM) for 12- or 24-h significantly decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores in HEK-RyR2 cells challenged with caffeine (1 mM), an RyR agonist. [3H]ryanodine-binding analysis using murine cardiac RyR2 homogenates further confirmed that all DDx isomers (10 µM) can directly engage with RyR2 to favor an open (leaky) confirmation, whereas only the DDT isomers (10 µM) modestly (≤10%) inhibited SERCA2a activity. The data demonstrate that DDx increases heart rate and depletes Ca2+ stores in human cardiomyocytes through a mechanism that impairs RyR2 function and Ca2+ dynamics. IMPACT STATEMENT DDT/DDE interactions with RyR2 alter cardiomyocyte Ca2+ dynamics that may contribute to adverse cardiovascular outcomes associated with exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Truong
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616-5270
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616-5270
| | - Isaac N Pessah
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, CA 95616. E-mail:
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18
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium mishandling: central tenet in heart failure? Biophys Rev 2020; 12:865-878. [PMID: 32696300 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitation-contraction coupling links excitation of the sarcolemmal surface membrane to mechanical contraction. In the heart this link is established via a Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release process, which, following sarcolemmal depolarisation, prompts Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) though the ryanodine receptor (RyR2). This substantially raises the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration to trigger systole. In diastole, Ca2+ is removed from the cytoplasm, primarily via the sarcoplasmic-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-dependent ATPase (SERCA) pump on the SR membrane, returning Ca2+ to the SR store. Ca2+ movement across the SR is thus fundamental to the systole/diastole cycle and plays an essential role in maintaining cardiac contractile function. Altered SR Ca2+ homeostasis (due to disrupted Ca2+ release, storage, and reuptake pathways) is a central tenet of heart failure and contributes to depressed contractility, impaired relaxation, and propensity to arrhythmia. This review will focus on the molecular mechanisms that underlie asynchronous Ca2+ cycling around the SR in the failing heart. Further, this review will illustrate that the combined effects of expression changes and disruptions to RyR2 and SERCA2a regulatory pathways are critical to the pathogenesis of heart failure.
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19
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Intracellular calcium leak in heart failure and atrial fibrillation: a unifying mechanism and therapeutic target. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020; 17:732-747. [PMID: 32555383 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-0394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ is a fundamental second messenger in all cell types and is required for numerous essential cellular functions, including cardiac and skeletal muscle contraction. The intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]) is regulated primarily by ion channels, pumps (ATPases), exchangers and Ca2+-binding proteins. Defective regulation of [Ca2+] is found in a diverse spectrum of pathological states that affect all the major organs. In the heart, abnormalities in the regulation of cytosolic and mitochondrial [Ca2+] occur in heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF), two common forms of heart disease and leading contributors to morbidity and mortality. In this Review, we focus on the mechanisms that regulate ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2), the major sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-release channel in the heart, how RYR2 becomes dysfunctional in HF and AF, and its potential as a therapeutic target. Inherited RYR2 mutations and/or stress-induced phosphorylation and oxidation of the protein destabilize the closed state of the channel, resulting in a pathological diastolic Ca2+ leak from the SR that both triggers arrhythmias and impairs contractility. On the basis of our increased understanding of SR Ca2+ leak as a shared Ca2+-dependent pathological mechanism in HF and AF, a new class of drugs developed in our laboratory, known as rycals, which stabilize RYR2 channels and prevent Ca2+ leak from the SR, are undergoing investigation in clinical trials.
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20
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Joseph LC, Reyes MV, Lakkadi KR, Gowen BH, Hasko G, Drosatos K, Morrow JP. PKCδ causes sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H778-H786. [PMID: 32142354 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00749.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) is associated with increased patient mortality. At present, there are no specific therapies for SIC. Previous studies have reported increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction during SIC. However, a unifying mechanism remains to be defined. We hypothesized that PKCδ is required for abnormal calcium handling and cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction during sepsis and that genetic deletion of PKCδ would be protective. Polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery decreased the ejection fraction of wild-type (WT) mice but not PKCδ knockout (KO) mice. Similarly, WT cardiomyocytes exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) demonstrated decreases in contractility and calcium transient amplitude that were not observed in PKCδ KO cardiomyocytes. LPS treatment decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium stores in WT cardiomyocytes, which correlated with increased ryanodine receptor-2 oxidation in WT hearts but not PKCδ KO hearts after sepsis. LPS exposure increased mitochondrial ROS and decreased mitochondrial inner membrane potential in WT cardiomyocytes. This corresponded to morphologic changes consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction such as decreased overall size and cristae disorganization. Increased cellular ROS and changes in mitochondrial morphology were not observed in PKCδ KO cardiomyocytes. These data show that PKCδ is required in the pathophysiology of SIC by generating ROS and promoting mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, PKCδ is a potential target for cardiac protection during sepsis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Sepsis is often complicated by cardiac dysfunction, which is associated with a high mortality rate. Our work shows that the protein PKCδ is required for decreased cardiac contractility during sepsis. Mice with deletion of PKCδ are protected from cardiac dysfunction after sepsis. PKCδ causes mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac myocytes, and reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress improves contractility in wild-type cardiomyocytes. Thus, PKCδ is a potential target for cardiac protection during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leroy C Joseph
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Michael V Reyes
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Kundanika R Lakkadi
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Blake H Gowen
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Gyorgy Hasko
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John P Morrow
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York
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21
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RyR1-targeted drug discovery pipeline integrating FRET-based high-throughput screening and human myofiber dynamic Ca 2+ assays. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1791. [PMID: 32019969 PMCID: PMC7000700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58461-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated cytoplasmic [Ca2+] is characteristic in severe skeletal and cardiac myopathies, diabetes, and neurodegeneration, and partly results from increased Ca2+ leak from sarcoplasmic reticulum stores via dysregulated ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels. Consequently, RyR is recognized as a high-value target for drug discovery to treat such pathologies. Using a FRET-based high-throughput screening assay that we previously reported, we identified small-molecule compounds that modulate the skeletal muscle channel isoform (RyR1) interaction with calmodulin and FK506 binding protein 12.6. Two such compounds, chloroxine and myricetin, increase FRET and inhibit [3H]ryanodine binding to RyR1 at nanomolar Ca2+. Both compounds also decrease RyR1 Ca2+ leak in human skinned skeletal muscle fibers. Furthermore, we identified compound concentrations that reduced leak by > 50% but only slightly affected Ca2+ release in excitation-contraction coupling, which is essential for normal muscle contraction. This report demonstrates a pipeline that effectively filters small-molecule RyR1 modulators towards clinical relevance.
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22
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Adenoviral.βARKct Cardiac Gene Therapy Ameliorates Cardiac Function Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass in A Swine Model. Shock 2019; 54:563-573. [DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Higham JP, Malik BR, Buhl E, Dawson JM, Ogier AS, Lunnon K, Hodge JJL. Alzheimer's Disease Associated Genes Ankyrin and Tau Cause Shortened Lifespan and Memory Loss in Drosophila. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:260. [PMID: 31244615 PMCID: PMC6581016 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is characterized by intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated Tau, including the 0N4R isoform and accumulation of extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques. However, less than 5% of AD cases are familial, with many additional risk factors contributing to AD including aging, lifestyle, the environment and epigenetics. Recent epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of AD have identified a number of loci that are differentially methylated in the AD cortex. Indeed, hypermethylation and reduced expression of the Ankyrin 1 (ANK1) gene in AD has been reported in the cortex in numerous different post-mortem brain cohorts. Little is known about the normal function of ANK1 in the healthy brain, nor the role it may play in AD. We have generated Drosophila models to allow us to functionally characterize Drosophila Ank2, the ortholog of human ANK1 and to determine its interaction with human Tau and Aβ. We show expression of human Tau 0N4R or the oligomerizing Aβ 42 amino acid peptide caused shortened lifespan, degeneration, disrupted movement, memory loss, and decreased excitability of memory neurons with co-expression tending to make the pathology worse. We find that Drosophila with reduced neuronal Ank2 expression have shortened lifespan, reduced locomotion, reduced memory and reduced neuronal excitability similar to flies overexpressing either human Tau 0N4R or Aβ42. Therefore, we show that the mis-expression of Ank2 can drive disease relevant processes and phenocopy some features of AD. Therefore, we propose targeting human ANK1 may have therapeutic potential. This represents the first study to characterize an AD-relevant gene nominated from EWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. Higham
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Bilal R. Malik
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Edgar Buhl
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer M. Dawson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Anna S. Ogier
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Lunnon
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - James J. L. Hodge
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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24
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Feng R, Zhou X, Zhang W, Pu T, Sun Y, Yang R, Wang D, Zhang X, Gao Y, Cai Z, Liang Y, Yu Q, Wu Y, Lei X, Liang Z, Jones O, Wang L, Xu M, Sun Y, Isaacs WB, Ma J, Xu X. Dynamics expression of DmFKBP12/Calstabin during embryonic early development of Drosophila melanogaster. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:8. [PMID: 30637096 PMCID: PMC6325743 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcium signaling are conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates and plays critical roles in many molecular mechanisms of embryogenesis and postnatal development. As a critical component of the signaling pathway, the RyR medicated calcium-induced calcium release signaling system, has been well studied along with their regulator FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12/Calstabin). Lack of FKBP12 is known to result in lethal cardiac dysfunction in mouse. However, precisely how FKBP12 is regulated and effects calcium signaling in Drosophila melanogaster remains largely unknown. Results In this study, we identified both temporal and localization changes in expression of DmFKBP12, a translational and transcriptional regulator of Drosophila RyR (DmRyR) and FKBP12, through embryonic development. DmFKBP12 is first expressed at the syncytial blastoderm stage and undergoes increased expression during the cellular blastoderm and early gastrulation stages. At late gastrulation, DmFKBP12 expression begins to decline until it reaches homeostasis, which it then maintains throughout the rest of development. Throughout these described changes in expression, DmFKBP12 mRNA remain stable, which indicates that protein dynamics are attributed to regulation at the mRNA to protein translation level. In addition to temporal changes in expression, dynamic expression profiles during Drosophila development also revealed DmFKBP12 localization. Although DmFKBP12 is distributed evenly between the anterior to posterior poles of the blastoderm egg, the protein is expressed more strongly in the cortex of the early Drosophila gastrula with the highest concentration found in the basement membrane of the cellular blastoderm. Fertilized egg, through the profile as under-membrane cortex distribution concentering onto basement at cellular blastoderm, to the profile as three-gem layer localization in primitive neuronal and digestion architecture of early Drosophila gastrula. By late gastrulation, DmFKBP12 is no longer identified in the yolk or lumen of duct structures and has relocated to the future brain (suboesophageal and supraesophageal ganglions), ventral nervous system, and muscular system. Throughout these changes in distribution, in situ DmFKBP12 mRNA monitoring detected equal distribution of DmFKBP12 mRNA, once again indicating that regulation of DmFKBP12 occurs at the translational level in Drosophila development. Conclusion As a critical regulator of the DmRyR-FKBP complex, DmFKBP12 expression in Drosophila fluctuates temporally and geographically with the formation of organ systems. These finding indicate that DmFKBP12 and RyR associated calcium signaling plays an essential role in the successful development of Drosophila melanogaster. Further study on the differences between mammalian RyR-FKBP12 and Drosophila DmRyR-FKBP12 can be exploited to develop safe pesticides. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13578-019-0270-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Feng
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Xin Zhou
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China.,2Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Tao Pu
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Yuting Sun
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Rong Yang
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Dan Wang
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Yingfeng Gao
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Zhenlu Cai
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Yu Liang
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Qiuxia Yu
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Yajun Wu
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Xinjuan Lei
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Zhijia Liang
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | - Odell Jones
- 4University of Pennsylvania ULAR, Philadelphia, PA 19144 USA
| | - Liyang Wang
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China.,Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- 5Medical-Scientist Training Program, Department of Pharmacology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Yanping Sun
- 6College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710062 China
| | | | - Jianjie Ma
- 2Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Xuehong Xu
- 1National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China/CGDB, Shaanxi Normal University College of Life Sciences, Xi'an, 710062 China
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25
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Rouhana S, Farah C, Roy J, Finan A, Rodrigues de Araujo G, Bideaux P, Scheuermann V, Saliba Y, Reboul C, Cazorla O, Aimond F, Richard S, Thireau J, Fares N. Early calcium handling imbalance in pressure overload-induced heart failure with nearly normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:230-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Nikolaienko R, Bovo E, Zima AV. Redox Dependent Modifications of Ryanodine Receptor: Basic Mechanisms and Implications in Heart Diseases. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1775. [PMID: 30574097 PMCID: PMC6291498 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart contraction vitally depends on tightly controlled intracellular Ca regulation. Because contraction is mainly driven by Ca released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), this organelle plays a particularly important role in Ca regulation. The type two ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is the major SR Ca release channel in ventricular myocytes. Several cardiac pathologies, including myocardial infarction and heart failure, are associated with increased RyR2 activity and diastolic SR Ca leak. It has been suggested that the increased RyR2 activity plays an important role in arrhythmias and contractile dysfunction. Several studies have linked increased SR Ca leak during myocardial infarction and heart failure to the activation of RyR2 in response to oxidative stress. This activation might include direct oxidation of RyR2 as well as indirect activation via phosphorylation or altered interactions with regulatory proteins. Out of ninety cysteine residues per RyR2 subunit, twenty one were reported to be in reduced state that could be potential targets for redox modifications that include S-nitrosylation, S-glutathionylation, and disulfide cross-linking. Despite its clinical significance, molecular mechanisms of RyR dysfunction during oxidative stress are not fully understood. Herein we review the most recent insights into redox-dependent modulation of RyR2 during oxidative stress and heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Nikolaienko
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Elisa Bovo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Aleksey V Zima
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
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27
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Beckendorf J, van den Hoogenhof MMG, Backs J. Physiological and unappreciated roles of CaMKII in the heart. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 113:29. [PMID: 29905892 PMCID: PMC6003982 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0688-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the cardiomyocyte, CaMKII has been identified as a nodal influencer of excitation-contraction and also excitation-transcription coupling. Its activity can be regulated in response to changes in intracellular calcium content as well as after several post-translational modifications. Some of the effects mediated by CaMKII may be considered adaptive, while effects of sustained CaMKII activity may turn into the opposite and are detrimental to cardiac integrity and function. As such, CaMKII has long been noted as a promising target for pharmacological inhibition, but the ubiquitous nature of CaMKII has made it difficult to target CaMKII specifically where it is detrimental. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the physiological and pathophysiological properties of CaMKII signaling, but we focus on the physiological and adaptive functions of CaMKII. Furthermore, special consideration is given to the emerging role of CaMKII as a mediator of inflammatory processes in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Beckendorf
- Department for Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maarten M G van den Hoogenhof
- Department for Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Department for Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
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28
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Lu J, Boheler KR, Jiang L, Chan CW, Tse WW, Keung W, Poon EN, Li RA, Yao X. Polycystin-2 Plays an Essential Role in Glucose Starvation-Induced Autophagy in Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Stem Cells 2018; 36:501-513. [PMID: 29271023 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a process essential for cell survival under stress condition. The patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, which is caused by polycystin-1 or polycystin-2 (PKD2) mutation, display cardiovascular abnormalities and dysregulation in autophagy. However, it is unclear whether PKD2 plays a role in autophagy. In the present study, we explored the functional role of PKD2 in autophagy and apoptosis in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. HES2 hESC line-derived cardiomyocytes (HES2-CMs) were transduced with adenoviral-based PKD2-shRNAs (Ad-PKD2-shRNAs), and then cultured with normal or glucose-free medium for 3 hours. Autophagy was upregulated in HES2-CMs under glucose starvation, as indicated by increased microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II level in immunoblots and increased autophagosome and autolysosome formation. Knockdown of PKD2 reduced the autophagic flux and increased apoptosis under glucose starvation. In Ca2+ measurement, Ad-PKD2-shRNAs reduced caffeine-induced cytosolic Ca2+ rise. Co-immunoprecipitation and in situ proximity ligation assay demonstrated an increased physical interaction of PKD2 with ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) under glucose starvation condition. Furthermore, Ad-PKD2-shRNAs substantially attenuated the starvation-induced activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The present study for the first time demonstrates that PKD2 functions to promote autophagy under glucose starvation, thereby protects cardiomyocytes from apoptotic cell death. The mechanism may involve PKD2 interaction with RyR2 to alter Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum, consequently modulating the activity of AMPK and mTOR, resulting in alteration of autophagy and apoptosis. Stem Cells 2018;36:501-513.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenneth R Boheler
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Camie W Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Wai Tse
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong - Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wendy Keung
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong - Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ellen Ny Poon
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronald A Li
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong - Kong, People's Republic of China.,Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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29
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Anesthetics, the Ryanodine Receptors, and the Heart. Anesthesiology 2017; 126:373-375. [PMID: 28079565 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000001520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Oxidation of RyR2 Has a Biphasic Effect on the Threshold for Store Overload-Induced Calcium Release. Biophys J 2017; 110:2386-2396. [PMID: 27276257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
At the single-channel level, oxidation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is known to activate and inhibit the channel depending on the level of oxidation. However, the mechanisms through which these changes alter the activity of RyR2 in a cellular setting are poorly understood. In this study, we determined the effect of oxidation on a common form of RyR2 regulation; store overload-induced Ca(2+) release (SOICR). We found that oxidation resulted in concentration and time-dependent changes in the activation threshold for SOICR. Low concentrations of the oxidant H2O2 resulted in a decrease in the threshold for SOICR, which led to an increase in SOICR events. However, higher concentrations of H2O2, or prolonged exposure, reversed these changes and led to an increase in the threshold for SOICR. This increase in the threshold for SOICR in most cells was to such an extent that it led to the complete inhibition of SOICR. Acute exposure to high concentrations of H2O2 led to an initial decrease and then increase in the threshold for SOICR. In the majority of cells the increased threshold could not be reversed by the application of the reducing agent dithiothreitol. Therefore, our data suggest that low levels of RyR2 oxidation increase the channel activity by decreasing the threshold for SOICR, whereas high levels of RyR2 oxidation irreversibly increase the threshold for SOICR leading to an inhibition of RyR2. Combined, this indicates that oxidation regulates RyR2 by the same mechanism as phosphorylation, methylxanthines, and mutations, via changes in the threshold for SOICR.
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31
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Biodegradable Polymeric Nanocapsules Prevent Cardiotoxicity of Anti-Trypanosomal Lychnopholide. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44998. [PMID: 28349937 PMCID: PMC5368638 DOI: 10.1038/srep44998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a neglected parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. New antitrypanosomal options are desirable to prevent complications, including a high rate of cardiomyopathy. Recently, a natural substance, lychnopholide, has shown therapeutic potential, especially when encapsulated in biodegradable polymeric nanocapsules. However, little is known regarding possible adverse effects of lychnopholide. Here we show that repeated-dose intravenous administration of free lychnopholide (2.0 mg/kg/day) for 20 days caused cardiopathy and mortality in healthy C57BL/6 mice. Echocardiography revealed concentric left ventricular hypertrophy with preserved ejection fraction, diastolic dysfunction and chamber dilatation at end-stage. Single cardiomyocytes presented altered contractility and Ca2+ handling, with spontaneous Ca2+ waves in diastole. Acute in vitro lychnopholide application on cardiomyocytes from healthy mice also induced Ca2+ handling alterations with abnormal RyR2-mediated diastolic Ca2+ release. Strikingly, the encapsulation of lychnopholide prevented the cardiac alterations induced in vivo by the free form repeated doses. Nanocapsules alone had no adverse cardiac effects. Altogether, our data establish lychnopholide presented in nanocapsule form more firmly as a promising new drug candidate to cure Chagas disease with minimal cardiotoxicity. Our study also highlights the potential of nanotechnology not only to improve the efficacy of a drug but also to protect against its adverse effects.
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32
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Dulhunty AF, Board PG, Beard NA, Casarotto MG. Physiology and Pharmacology of Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channels. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 79:287-324. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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33
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Weng CH, Chung FP, Chen YC, Lin SF, Huang PH, Kuo TBJ, Hsu WH, Su WC, Sung YL, Lin YJ, Chang SL, Lo LW, Yeh HI, Chen YJ, Hong YR, Chen SA, Hu YF. Pleiotropic Effects of Myocardial MMP-9 Inhibition to Prevent Ventricular Arrhythmia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38894. [PMID: 27966586 PMCID: PMC5155273 DOI: 10.1038/srep38894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have established a strong association between matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and ventricular arrhythmia. However, whether MMP-9 has a causal link to ventricular arrhythmia, as well as the underlying mechanism, remains unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanistic involvement of myocardial MMP-9 in the pathophysiology of ventricular arrhythmia. Increased levels of myocardial MMP-9 are linked to ventricular arrhythmia attacks after angiotensin II (Ang II) treatment. MMP-9-deficient mice were protected from ventricular arrhythmia. Increased expressions of protein kinase A (PKA) and ryanodine receptor phosphorylation at serine 2808 (pS2808) were correlated with inducible ventricular arrhythmia. MMP-9 deficiency consistently prevented PKA and pS2808 increases after Ang II treatment and reduced ventricular arrhythmia. Calcium dynamics were examined via confocal imaging in isolated murine cardiomyocytes. MMP-9 inhibition prevents calcium leakage from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and reduces arrhythmia-like irregular calcium transients via protein kinase A and ryanodine receptor phosphorylation. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes similarly show that MMP-9 inhibition prevents abnormal calcium leakage. Myocardial MMP-9 inhibition prevents ventricular arrhythmia through pleiotropic effects, including the modulation of calcium homeostasis and reduced calcium leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hui Weng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fa-Po Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shien-Fong Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Terry B. J. Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsuan Hsu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Su
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Sung
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yenn-Jiang Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lin Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Lo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-I Yeh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ren Hong
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Hu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Briggs CA, Chakroborty S, Stutzmann GE. Emerging pathways driving early synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:988-997. [PMID: 27659710 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The current state of the AD research field is highly dynamic is some respects, while seemingly stagnant in others. Regarding the former, our current lack of understanding of initiating disease mechanisms, the absence of effective treatment options, and the looming escalation of AD patients is energizing new research directions including a much-needed re-focusing on early pathogenic mechanisms, validating novel targets, and investigating relevant biomarkers, among other exciting new efforts to curb disease progression and foremost, preserve memory function. With regard to the latter, the recent disappointing series of failed Phase III clinical trials targeting Aβ and APP processing, in concert with poor association between brain Aβ levels and cognitive function, have led many to call for a re-evaluation of the primacy of the amyloid cascade hypothesis. In this review, we integrate new insights into one of the earliest described signaling abnormalities in AD pathogenesis, namely intracellular Ca2+ signaling disruptions, and focus on its role in driving synaptic deficits - which is the feature that does correlate with AD-associated memory loss. Excess Ca2+release from intracellular stores such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been well-described in cellular and animal models of AD, as well as human patients, and here we expand upon recent developments in ER-localized release channels such as the IP3R and RyR, and the recent emphasis on RyR2. Consistent with ER Ca2+ mishandling in AD are recent findings implicating aspects of SOCE, such as STIM2 function, and TRPC3 and TRPC6 levels. Other Ca2+-regulated organelles important in signaling and protein handling are brought into the discussion, with new perspectives on lysosomal regulation. These early signaling abnormalities are discussed in the context of synaptic pathophysiology and disruptions in synaptic plasticity with a particular emphasis on short-term plasticity deficits. Overall, we aim to update and expand the list of early neuronal signaling abnormalities implicated in AD pathogenesis, identify specific channels and organelles involved, and link these to proximal synaptic impairments driving the memory loss in AD. This is all within the broader goal of identifying novel therapeutic targets to preserve cognitive function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark A Briggs
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Shreaya Chakroborty
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Grace E Stutzmann
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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35
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Ben Jehuda R, Barad L. Patient Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Drug Development and Screening In Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia. J Atr Fibrillation 2016; 9:1423. [PMID: 27909533 DOI: 10.4022/jafib.1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), an inherited arrhythmia often leading to sudden cardiac death in children and young adults, is characterized by polymorphic/bidirectional ventricular tachycardia induced by adrenergic stimulation associated with emotionally stress or physical exercise. There are two forms of CPVT: 1. CPVT1 is caused by mutations in the RYR2 gene, encoding for ryanodine receptor type 2. CPVT1 is the most common form of CPVT in the population, and is inherited by a dominant mechanism. 2. CPVT2 is caused by mutations in the CASQ2 gene, encoding for cardiac calsequestrin 2 and is inherited by recessive mechanism. Patient-specific induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) have the ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes carrying the patient's genome including CPVT-linked mutations and expressing the disease phenotype in vitro at the cellular level. The potency for in vitro modeling using iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) has been exploited to investigate a variety of inherited diseases including cardiac arrhythmias such as CPVT. In this review we attempted to cover the majority of CPVT patient specific iPSC research studies previously published. CPVT patient-specific iPSC model enables the in vitro investigation of the molecular and cellular disease-mechanisms by the means of electrophysiologycal and Ca+2 imaging methodologies. Furthermore, this in vitro model allows the screening of various antiarrhythmic drugs, specifically for each patient, also known as "personalized medicine".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronen Ben Jehuda
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology; The Rappaport Institute; Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Department of Biotechnology, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lili Barad
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology; The Rappaport Institute; Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine
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Miyatake S, Shimizu-Motohashi Y, Takeda S, Aoki Y. Anti-inflammatory drugs for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: focus on skeletal muscle-releasing factors. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:2745-58. [PMID: 27621596 PMCID: PMC5012616 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s110163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), an incurable and a progressive muscle wasting disease, is caused by the absence of dystrophin protein, leading to recurrent muscle fiber damage during contraction. The inflammatory response to fiber damage is a compelling candidate mechanism for disease exacerbation. The only established pharmacological treatment for DMD is corticosteroids to suppress muscle inflammation, however this treatment is limited by its insufficient therapeutic efficacy and considerable side effects. Recent reports show the therapeutic potential of inhibiting or enhancing pro- or anti-inflammatory factors released from DMD skeletal muscles, resulting in significant recovery from muscle atrophy and dysfunction. We discuss and review the recent findings of DMD inflammation and opportunities for drug development targeting specific releasing factors from skeletal muscles. It has been speculated that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs targeting specific inflammatory factors are more effective and have less side effects for DMD compared with steroidal drugs. For example, calcium channels, reactive oxygen species, and nuclear factor-κB signaling factors are the most promising targets as master regulators of inflammatory response in DMD skeletal muscles. If they are combined with an oligonucleotide-based exon skipping therapy to restore dystrophin expression, the anti-inflammatory drug therapies may address the present therapeutic limitation of low efficiency for DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouta Miyatake
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Shimizu-Motohashi
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin'ichi Takeda
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Aoki
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
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Blaustein MP, Chen L, Hamlyn JM, Leenen FHH, Lingrel JB, Wier WG, Zhang J. Pivotal role of α2 Na + pumps and their high affinity ouabain binding site in cardiovascular health and disease. J Physiol 2016; 594:6079-6103. [PMID: 27350568 DOI: 10.1113/jp272419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced smooth muscle (SM)-specific α2 Na+ pump expression elevates basal blood pressure (BP) and increases BP sensitivity to angiotensin II (Ang II) and dietary NaCl, whilst SM-α2 overexpression lowers basal BP and decreases Ang II/salt sensitivity. Prolonged ouabain infusion induces hypertension in rodents, and ouabain-resistant mutation of the α2 ouabain binding site (α2R/R mice) confers resistance to several forms of hypertension. Pressure overload-induced heart hypertrophy and failure are attenuated in cardio-specific α2 knockout, cardio-specific α2 overexpression and α2R/R mice. We propose a unifying hypothesis that reconciles these apparently disparate findings: brain mechanisms, activated by Ang II and high NaCl, regulate sympathetic drive and a novel neurohumoral pathway mediated by both brain and circulating endogenous ouabain (EO). Circulating EO modulates ouabain-sensitive α2 Na+ pump activity and Ca2+ transporter expression and, via Na+ /Ca2+ exchange, Ca2+ homeostasis. This regulates sensitivity to sympathetic activity, Ca2+ signalling and arterial and cardiac contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mordecai P Blaustein
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - John M Hamlyn
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Frans H H Leenen
- Hypertension Unit, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1Y 4W7
| | - Jerry B Lingrel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0524, USA
| | - W Gil Wier
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Sun X, Zhang X, Bo Q, Meng T, Lei Z, Li J, Hou Y, Yu X, Yu J. Propofol reduced myocardial contraction of vertebrates partly by mediating the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation pathway. Toxicology 2016; 365:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Marcinkiewicz-Siemion M, Ciborowski M, Kretowski A, Musial WJ, Kaminski KA. Metabolomics - A wide-open door to personalized treatment in chronic heart failure? Int J Cardiol 2016; 219:156-63. [PMID: 27323342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome representing a final stage of various cardiovascular diseases. Despite significant improvement in the diagnosis and treatment (e.g. ACE-inhibitors, β-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, cardiac resynchronization therapy) of the disease, prognosis of optimally treated patients remains very serious and HF mortality is still unacceptably high. Therefore there is a strong need for further exploration of novel analytical methods, predictive and prognostic biomarkers and more personalized treatment. The metabolism of the failing heart being significantly impaired from its baseline state may be a future target not only for biomarker discovery but also for the pharmacologic intervention. However, an assessment of a particular, isolated metabolite or protein cannot be fully informative and makes a correct interpretation difficult. On the other hand, metabolites profile analysis may greatly assist investigator in an interpretation of the altered pathway dynamics, especially when combined with other lines of evidence (e.g. metabolites from the same pathway, transcriptomics, proteomics). Despite many prior studies on metabolism, the knowledge of peripheral and cardiac pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the metabolic imbalance and progression of the disease is still insufficient. Metabolomics enabling comprehensive characterization of low molecular weight metabolites (e.g. lipids, sugars, organic acids, amino acids) that reflects the complete metabolic phenotype seems to be the key for further potential improvement in HF treatment (diet-based or biochemical-based). Will this -omics technique one day open a door to easy patients identification before they have a heart failure onset or its decompensation?
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - A Kretowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - W J Musial
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital, Bialystok, Poland
| | - K A Kaminski
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital, Bialystok, Poland; Department of Population Medicine and Civilization Disease Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
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Radwański PB, Ho HT, Veeraraghavan R, Brunello L, Liu B, Belevych AE, Unudurthi SD, Makara MA, Priori SG, Volpe P, Armoundas AA, Dillmann WH, Knollmann BC, Mohler PJ, Hund TJ, Györke S. Neuronal Na + Channels Are Integral Components of Pro-arrhythmic Na +/Ca 2+ Signaling Nanodomain That Promotes Cardiac Arrhythmias During β-adrenergic Stimulation. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2016; 1:251-266. [PMID: 27747307 PMCID: PMC5065245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac arrhythmias are a leading cause of death in the US. Vast majority of these arrhythmias including catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) are associated with increased levels of circulating catecholamines and involve abnormal impulse formation secondary to aberrant Ca2+ and Na+ handling. However, the mechanistic link between β-AR stimulation and the subcellular/molecular arrhythmogenic trigger(s) remains elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed functional and structural studies to assess Ca2+ and Na+ signaling in ventricular myocyte as well as surface electrocardiograms in mouse models of cardiac calsequestrin (CASQ2)-associated CPVT. We demonstrate that a subpopulation of Na+ channels (neuronal Na+ channels; nNav) that colocalize with RyR2 and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) are a part of the β-AR-mediated arrhythmogenic process. Specifically, augmented Na+ entry via nNav in the settings of genetic defects within the RyR2 complex and enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)-mediated SR Ca2+ refill is both an essential and a necessary factor for the arrhythmogenesis. Furthermore, we show that augmentation of Na+ entry involves β-AR-mediated activation of CAMKII subsequently leading to nNav augmentation. Importantly, selective pharmacological inhibition as well as silencing of Nav1.6 inhibit myocyte arrhythmic potential and prevent arrhythmias in vivo. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the arrhythmogenic alteration in Na+/Ca2+ handling evidenced ruing β-AR stimulation results, at least in part, from enhanced Na+ influx through nNav. Therefore, selective inhibition of these channels and Nav1.6 in particular can serve as a potential antiarrhythmic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław B Radwański
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US ; Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Hsiang-Ting Ho
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Center for Heart and Regenerative Medicine Research, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Lucia Brunello
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Bin Liu
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Andriy E Belevych
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Sathya D Unudurthi
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael A Makara
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Silvia G Priori
- Division of Cardiology and Molecular Cardiology, Maugeri Foundation-University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pompeo Volpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonis A Armoundas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Wolfgang H Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bjorn C Knollmann
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter J Mohler
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
| | - Thomas J Hund
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Center for Heart and Regenerative Medicine Research, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Sándor Györke
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA ; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, US
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Acsai K, Ördög B, Varró A, Nánási PP. Role of the dysfunctional ryanodine receptor - Na(+)-Ca(2+)exchanger axis in progression of cardiovascular diseases: What we can learn from pharmacological studies? Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 779:91-101. [PMID: 26970182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal Ca(2+)homeostasis is often associated with chronic cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, heart failure or cardiac arrhythmias, and typically contributes to the basic ethiology of the disease. Pharmacological targeting of cardiac Ca(2+)handling has great therapeutic potential offering invaluable options for the prevention, slowing down the progression or suppression of the harmful outcomes like life threatening cardiac arrhythmias. In this review we outline the existing knowledge on the involvement of malfunction of the ryanodine receptor and the Na(+)-Ca(2+)exchanger in disturbances of Ca(2+)homeostasis and discuss important proof of concept pharmacological studies targeting these mechanisms in context of hypertension, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias. We emphasize the promising results of preclinical studies underpinning the potential benefits of the therapeutic strategies based on ryanodine receptor or Na(+)-Ca(2+)exchanger inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Károly Acsai
- MTA-SZTE Research Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Ördög
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Varró
- MTA-SZTE Research Group of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Szeged, Hungary; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter P Nánási
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Mączewski M, Duda M, Marciszek M, Kołodziejczyk J, Dobrzyń P, Dobrzyń A, Mackiewicz U. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Do Not Protect Against Arrhythmias in Acute Nonreperfused Myocardial Infarction Despite Some Antiarrhythmic Effects. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2570-82. [PMID: 27019087 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias are an important cause of mortality in the acute myocardial infarction (MI). To elucidate the effect of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on ventricular arrhythmias in acute nonreperfused MI, rats were fed with normal or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched diet for 3 weeks. Subsequently the rats were subjected to either MI induction or sham operation. ECG was recorded for 6 h after the operation and episodes of ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF) were identified. Six hours after MI epicardial monophasic action potentials (MAPs) were recorded, cardiomyocyte Ca(2+) handling was assessed and expression of proteins involved in Ca(2+) turnover was studied separately in non-infarcted left ventricle wall and infarct borderzone. EPA and DHA had no effect on occurrence of post-MI ventricular arrhythmias or mortality. Nevertheless, DHA but not EPA prevented Ca(2+) overload in LV cardiomiocytes and improved rate of Ca(2+) transient decay, protecting PMCA and SERCA function. Moreover, both EPA and DHA prevented MI-induced hyperphosphorylation of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) as well as dispersion of action potential duration (APD) in the left ventricular wall. In conclusion, EPA and DHA have no antiarrhythmic effect in the non-reperfused myocardial infarction in the rat, although these omega-3 PUFAs and DHA in particular exhibit several potential antiarrhythmic effects at the subcellular and tissue level, that is, prevent MI-induced abnormalities in Ca(2+) handling and APD dispersion. In this context further studies are needed to see if these potential antiarrhythmic effects could be utilized in the clinical setting. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2570-2582, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Mączewski
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Duda
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Marciszek
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kołodziejczyk
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Dobrzyń
- Laboratory of Molecular and Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyń
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Mackiewicz
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
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Inhibition of NAPDH Oxidase 2 (NOX2) Prevents Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Abnormalities Caused by Saturated Fat in Cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145750. [PMID: 26756466 PMCID: PMC4710525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and high saturated fat intake increase the risk of heart failure and arrhythmias. The molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. We hypothesized that physiologic levels of saturated fat could increase mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiomyocytes, leading to abnormalities of calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial function. We investigated the effect of saturated fat on mitochondrial function and calcium homeostasis in isolated ventricular myocytes. The saturated fatty acid palmitate causes a decrease in mitochondrial respiration in cardiomyocytes. Palmitate, but not the monounsaturated fatty acid oleate, causes an increase in both total cellular ROS and mitochondrial ROS. Palmitate depolarizes the mitochondrial inner membrane and causes mitochondrial calcium overload by increasing sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak. Inhibitors of PKC or NOX2 prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and the increase in ROS, demonstrating that PKC-NOX2 activation is also required for amplification of palmitate induced-ROS. Cardiomyocytes from mice with genetic deletion of NOX2 do not have palmitate-induced ROS or mitochondrial dysfunction. We conclude that palmitate induces mitochondrial ROS that is amplified by NOX2, causing greater mitochondrial ROS generation and partial depolarization of the mitochondrial inner membrane. The abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak caused by palmitate could promote arrhythmia and heart failure. NOX2 inhibition is a potential therapy for heart disease caused by diabetes or obesity.
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Fu Y, Shaw SA, Naami R, Vuong CL, Basheer WA, Guo X, Hong T. Isoproterenol Promotes Rapid Ryanodine Receptor Movement to Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1)-Organized Dyads. Circulation 2016; 133:388-97. [PMID: 26733606 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.018535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The key pathophysiology of human acquired heart failure is impaired calcium transient, which is initiated at dyads consisting of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) at sarcoplasmic reticulum apposing CaV1.2 channels at t-tubules. Sympathetic tone regulates myocardial calcium transients through β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR)-mediated phosphorylation of dyadic proteins. Phosphorylated RyRs (P-RyR) have increased calcium sensitivity and open probability, amplifying calcium transient at a cost of receptor instability. Given that bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) organizes t-tubule microfolds and facilitates CaV1.2 delivery, we explored whether β-AR-regulated RyRs are also affected by BIN1. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated adult mouse hearts or cardiomyocytes were perfused for 5 minutes with the β-AR agonist isoproterenol (1 µmol/L) or the blockers CGP+ICI (baseline). Using biochemistry and superresolution fluorescent imaging, we identified that BIN1 clusters P-RyR and CaV1.2. Acute β-AR activation increases coimmunoprecipitation between P-RyR and cardiac spliced BIN1+13+17 (with exons 13 and 17). Isoproterenol redistributes BIN1 to t-tubules, recruiting P-RyRs and improving the calcium transient. In cardiac-specific Bin1 heterozygote mice, isoproterenol fails to concentrate BIN1 to t-tubules, impairing P-RyR recruitment. The resultant accumulation of uncoupled P-RyRs increases the incidence of spontaneous calcium release. In human hearts with end-stage ischemic cardiomyopathy, we find that BIN1 is also 50% reduced, with diminished P-RyR association with BIN1. CONCLUSIONS On β-AR activation, reorganization of BIN1-induced microdomains recruits P-RyR into dyads, increasing the calcium transient while preserving electric stability. When BIN1 is reduced as in human acquired heart failure, acute stress impairs microdomain formation, limiting contractility and promoting arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- From Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (Y.F., S.A.S., R.N., C.L.V., W.A.B., T.H.); Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G.); and Departments of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (T.H.)
| | - Seiji A Shaw
- From Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (Y.F., S.A.S., R.N., C.L.V., W.A.B., T.H.); Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G.); and Departments of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (T.H.)
| | - Robert Naami
- From Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (Y.F., S.A.S., R.N., C.L.V., W.A.B., T.H.); Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G.); and Departments of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (T.H.)
| | - Caresse L Vuong
- From Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (Y.F., S.A.S., R.N., C.L.V., W.A.B., T.H.); Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G.); and Departments of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (T.H.)
| | - Wassim A Basheer
- From Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (Y.F., S.A.S., R.N., C.L.V., W.A.B., T.H.); Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G.); and Departments of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (T.H.)
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- From Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (Y.F., S.A.S., R.N., C.L.V., W.A.B., T.H.); Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G.); and Departments of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (T.H.)
| | - TingTing Hong
- From Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (Y.F., S.A.S., R.N., C.L.V., W.A.B., T.H.); Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G.); and Departments of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (T.H.).
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Sommese L, Valverde CA, Blanco P, Castro MC, Rueda OV, Kaetzel M, Dedman J, Anderson ME, Mattiazzi A, Palomeque J. Ryanodine receptor phosphorylation by CaMKII promotes spontaneous Ca(2+) release events in a rodent model of early stage diabetes: The arrhythmogenic substrate. Int J Cardiol 2016; 202:394-406. [PMID: 26432489 PMCID: PMC4872299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure and arrhythmias occur more frequently in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) than in the general population. T2DM is preceded by a prediabetic condition marked by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subclinical cardiovascular defects. Although multifunctional Ca2+ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is ROS-activated and CaMKII hyperactivity promotes cardiac diseases, a link between prediabetes and CaMKII in the heart is unprecedented. OBJECTIVES To prove the hypothesis that increased ROS and CaMKII activity contribute to heart failure and arrhythmogenic mechanisms in early stage diabetes. METHODS-RESULTS Echocardiography, electrocardiography, biochemical and intracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+i) determinations were performed in fructose-rich diet-induced impaired glucose tolerance, a prediabetes model, in rodents. Fructose-rich diet rats showed decreased contractility and hypertrophy associated with increased CaMKII activity, ROS production, oxidized CaMKII and enhanced CaMKII-dependent ryanodine receptor (RyR2) phosphorylation compared to rats fed with control diet. Isolated cardiomyocytes from fructose-rich diet showed increased spontaneous Ca2+i release events associated with spontaneous contractions, which were prevented by KN-93, a CaMKII inhibitor, or addition of Tempol, a ROS scavenger, to the diet. Moreover, fructose-rich diet myocytes showed increased diastolic Ca2+ during the burst of spontaneous Ca2+i release events. Mice treated with Tempol or with sarcoplasmic reticulum-targeted CaMKII-inhibition by transgenic expression of the CaMKII inhibitory peptide AIP, were protected from fructose-rich diet-induced spontaneous Ca2+i release events, spontaneous contractions and arrhythmogenesis in vivo, despite ROS increases. CONCLUSIONS RyR2 phosphorylation by ROS-activated CaMKII, contributes to impaired glucose tolerance-induced arrhythmogenic mechanisms, suggesting that CaMKII inhibition could prevent prediabetic cardiovascular complications and/or evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Sommese
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata 1900, Facultad de Medicina, UNLP, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Valverde
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata 1900, Facultad de Medicina, UNLP, Argentina
| | - Paula Blanco
- Servicio de Ecocardiografía, Facultad de Veterinaria, UNLP, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Castro
- CENEXA, Centro Experimental de Endocrinología y Aplicada (UNLP-CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, UNLP, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Omar Velez Rueda
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata 1900, Facultad de Medicina, UNLP, Argentina
| | - Marcia Kaetzel
- Department of Genome Science, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA
| | - John Dedman
- Department of Genome Science, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0575, USA
| | - Mark E Anderson
- University of Iowa, 285 Newton Rd, CBRB 2256, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Alicia Mattiazzi
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata 1900, Facultad de Medicina, UNLP, Argentina
| | - Julieta Palomeque
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CONICET-La Plata 1900, Facultad de Medicina, UNLP, Argentina.
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Duan J, Yu Y, Li Y, Li Y, Liu H, Jing L, Yang M, Wang J, Li C, Sun Z. Low-dose exposure of silica nanoparticles induces cardiac dysfunction via neutrophil-mediated inflammation and cardiac contraction in zebrafish embryos. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:575-85. [PMID: 26551753 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1102981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity mechanism of nanoparticles on vertebrate cardiovascular system is still unclear, especially on the low-level exposure. This study was to explore the toxic effect and mechanisms of low-dose exposure of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) on cardiac function in zebrafish embryos via the intravenous microinjection. The dosage of SiNPs was based on the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of malformation assessment in zebrafish embryos. The mainly cardiac toxicity phenotypes induced by SiNPs were pericardial edema and bradycardia but had no effect on atrioventricular block. Using o-Dianisidine for erythrocyte staining, the cardiac output of zebrafish embryos was decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Microarray analysis and bioinformatics analysis were performed to screen the differential expression genes and possible pathway involved in cardiac function. SiNPs induced whole-embryo oxidative stress and neutrophil-mediated cardiac inflammation in Tg(mpo:GFP) zebrafish. Inflammatory cells were observed in atrium of SiNPs-treated zebrafish heart by histopathological examination. In addition, the expression of TNNT2 protein, a cardiac contraction marker in heart tissue had been down-regulated compared to control group using immunohistochemistry. Confirmed by qRT-PCR and western blot assays, results showed that SiNPs inhibited the calcium signaling pathway and cardiac muscle contraction via the down-regulated of related genes, such as ATPase-related genes (atp2a1l, atp1b2b, atp1a3b), calcium channel-related genes (cacna1ab, cacna1da) and the regulatory gene tnnc1a for cardiac troponin C. Moreover, the protein level of TNNT2 was decreased in a dose-dependent manner. For the first time, our results demonstrated that SiNPs induced cardiac dysfunction via the neutrophil-mediated cardiac inflammation and cardiac contraction in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Duan
- a School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China .,b Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China , and
| | - Yang Yu
- a School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China .,b Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China , and
| | - Yang Li
- a School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China .,b Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China , and
| | - Yanbo Li
- a School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China .,b Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China , and
| | - Hongcui Liu
- c Hunter Biotechnology Inc. , Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province , P.R. China
| | - Li Jing
- a School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China .,b Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China , and
| | - Man Yang
- a School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China .,b Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China , and
| | - Ji Wang
- a School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China .,b Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China , and
| | - Chunqi Li
- c Hunter Biotechnology Inc. , Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province , P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- a School of Public Health, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China .,b Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , P.R. China , and
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Davidson SM, Foote K, Kunuthur S, Gosain R, Tan N, Tyser R, Zhao YJ, Graeff R, Ganesan A, Duchen MR, Patel S, Yellon DM. Inhibition of NAADP signalling on reperfusion protects the heart by preventing lethal calcium oscillations via two-pore channel 1 and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 108:357-66. [PMID: 26395965 PMCID: PMC4648198 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims In the heart, a period of ischaemia followed by reperfusion evokes powerful cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations that can cause lethal cell injury. These signals represent attractive cardioprotective targets, but the underlying mechanisms of genesis are ill-defined. Here, we investigated the role of the second messenger nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), which is known in several cell types to induce Ca2+ oscillations that initiate from acidic stores such as lysosomes, likely via two-pore channels (TPCs, TPC1 and 2). Methods and results An NAADP antagonist called Ned-K was developed by rational design based on a previously existing scaffold. Ned-K suppressed Ca2+ oscillations and dramatically protected cardiomyocytes from cell death in vitro after ischaemia and reoxygenation, preventing opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Ned-K profoundly decreased infarct size in mice in vivo. Transgenic mice lacking the endo-lysosomal TPC1 were also protected from injury. Conclusion NAADP signalling plays a major role in reperfusion-induced cell death and represents a potent pathway for protection against reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, UK
| | - Kirsty Foote
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, UK
| | - Suma Kunuthur
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, UK
| | - Raj Gosain
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, UK
| | - Noah Tan
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, UK
| | - Richard Tyser
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, UK
| | - Yong Juan Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Li Ka Shing School of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Richard Graeff
- Department of Physiology, Li Ka Shing School of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - A Ganesan
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Michael R Duchen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, UK
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Mollova MY, Katus HA, Backs J. Regulation of CaMKII signaling in cardiovascular disease. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:178. [PMID: 26379551 PMCID: PMC4548452 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of death in the developed countries (Murray and Lopez, 1996; Koitabashi and Kass, 2012). Adverse cardiac remodeling that precedes heart muscle dysfunction is characterized by a myriad of molecular changes affecting the cardiomyocyte. Among these, alterations in protein kinase pathways play often an important mediator role since they link upstream pathologic stress signaling with downstream regulatory programs and thus affect both the structural and functional integrity of the heart muscle. In the context of cardiac disease, a profound understanding for the overriding mechanisms that regulate protein kinase activity (protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications, or targeting via anchoring proteins) is crucial for the development of specific and effective pharmacological treatment strategies targeting the failing myocardium. In this review, we focus on several mechanisms of upstream regulation of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II that play a relevant pathophysiological role in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease; precise targeting of these mechanisms might therefore represent novel and promising tools for prevention and treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Y Mollova
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg, Germany ; Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg, Germany ; Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, German Center for Cardiovascular Research , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg, Germany ; Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, German Center for Cardiovascular Research , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg, Germany ; Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, German Center for Cardiovascular Research , Heidelberg, Germany
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49
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Mitochondrial oxidative stress promotes atrial fibrillation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11427. [PMID: 26169582 PMCID: PMC4501003 DOI: 10.1038/srep11427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Indeed, the prevalence of AF increases with age as does oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms linking redox state to AF are not well understood. In this study we identify a link between oxidative stress and aberrant intracellular Ca2+ release via the type 2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2) that promotes AF. We show that RyR2 are oxidized in the atria of patients with chronic AF compared with individuals in sinus rhythm. To dissect the molecular mechanism linking RyR2 oxidation to AF we used two murine models harboring RyR2 mutations that cause intracellular Ca2+ leak. Mice with intracellular Ca2+ leak exhibited increased atrial RyR2 oxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and AF susceptibility. Both genetic inhibition of mitochondrial ROS production and pharmacological treatment of RyR2 leakage prevented AF. Collectively, our results indicate that alterations of RyR2 and mitochondrial ROS generation form a vicious cycle in the development of AF. Targeting this previously unrecognized mechanism could be useful in developing effective interventions to prevent and treat AF.
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50
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Liou SF, Hsu JH, Chen YT, Chen IJ, Yeh JL. KMUP-1 Attenuates Endothelin-1-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy through Activation of Heme Oxygenase-1 and Suppression of the Akt/GSK-3β, Calcineurin/NFATc4 and RhoA/ROCK Pathways. Molecules 2015; 20:10435-49. [PMID: 26056815 PMCID: PMC6272697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling cascades of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, calcineurin/NFATc4, and PI3K/Akt/GSK3, are believed to participate in endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced cardiac hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether KMUP-1, a synthetic xanthine-based derivative, prevents cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by ET-1 and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. We found that in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, stimulation with ET-1 (100 nM) for 4 days induced cell hypertrophy and enhanced expressions of hypertrophic markers, including atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide, which were all inhibited by KMUP-1 in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, KMUP-1 prevented ET-1-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species generation determined by the DCFH-DA assay in cardiomyocytes. KMUP-1 also attenuated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt/GSK-3β, and activation of calcineurin/NFATc4 and RhoA/ROCK pathways induced by ET-1. Furthermore, we found that the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a stress-response enzyme implicated in cardio-protection, was up-regulated by KMUP-1. Finally, KMUP-1 attenuated ET-1-stimulated activator protein-1 DNA binding activity. In conclusion, KMUP-1 attenuates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by ET-1 through inhibiting ERK1/2, calcineurin/NFATc4 and RhoA/ROCK pathways, with associated cardioprotective effects via HO-1 activation. Therefore, KMUP-1 may have a role in pharmacological therapy of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fen Liou
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Department of Paediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - You-Ting Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Jun Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
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