1
|
Rhana P, Matsumoto C, Fong Z, Costa AD, Del Villar SG, Dixon RE, Santana LF. Fueling the heartbeat: Dynamic regulation of intracellular ATP during excitation-contraction coupling in ventricular myocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318535121. [PMID: 38865270 PMCID: PMC11194497 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318535121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The heart beats approximately 100,000 times per day in humans, imposing substantial energetic demands on cardiac muscle. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an essential energy source for normal function of cardiac muscle during each beat, as it powers ion transport, intracellular Ca2+ handling, and actin-myosin cross-bridge cycling. Despite this, the impact of excitation-contraction coupling on the intracellular ATP concentration ([ATP]i) in myocytes is poorly understood. Here, we conducted real-time measurements of [ATP]i in ventricular myocytes using a genetically encoded ATP fluorescent reporter. Our data reveal rapid beat-to-beat variations in [ATP]i. Notably, diastolic [ATP]i was <1 mM, which is eightfold to 10-fold lower than previously estimated. Accordingly, ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels were active at physiological [ATP]i. Cells exhibited two distinct types of ATP fluctuations during an action potential: net increases (Mode 1) or decreases (Mode 2) in [ATP]i. Mode 1 [ATP]i increases necessitated Ca2+ entry and release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and were associated with increases in mitochondrial Ca2+. By contrast, decreases in mitochondrial Ca2+ accompanied Mode 2 [ATP]i decreases. Down-regulation of the protein mitofusin 2 reduced the magnitude of [ATP]i fluctuations, indicating that SR-mitochondrial coupling plays a crucial role in the dynamic control of ATP levels. Activation of β-adrenergic receptors decreased [ATP]i, underscoring the energetic impact of this signaling pathway. Finally, our work suggests that cross-bridge cycling is the largest consumer of ATP in a ventricular myocyte during an action potential. These findings provide insights into the energetic demands of EC coupling and highlight the dynamic nature of ATP concentrations in cardiac muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rhana
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - Collin Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - Zhihui Fong
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - Alexandre D. Costa
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - Silvia G. Del Villar
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - Rose E. Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - L. Fernando Santana
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shokri F, Zarei M, Komaki A, Raoufi S, Ramezani-Aliakbari F. Effect of diminazene on cardiac hypertrophy through mitophagy in rat models with hyperthyroidism induced by levothyroxine. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1151-1162. [PMID: 37632551 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is associated with the alteration in molecular pathways involved in the regulation of mitochondrial mass and apoptosis, which contribute to the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Diminazene (DIZE) is an animal anti-infection drug that has shown promising effects on improving cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of DIZE on cardiac hypertrophy and the signaling pathways involved in this process in the hyperthyroid rat model. Twenty male Wistar rats were equally divided into four groups: control, hyperthyroid, DIZE, and hyperthyroid + DIZE. After 28 days of treatment, serum thyroxine (T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, cardiac hypertrophy indices, cardiac damage markers, cardiac malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, the mRNA expression level of mitochondrial and apoptotic genes were evaluated. Hyperthyroidism significantly decreased the cardiac expression level of SIRT1/PGC1α and its downstream involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, and antioxidant enzyme activities including TFAM, PINK1/MFN2, Drp1, and Nrf2, respectively, as well as stimulated mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis by reducing Bcl-2 expression and increasing Bax expression. Treatment with DIZE significantly reversed the downregulation of SIRT1, PGC1α, PINK1, MFN2, Drp1, and Nrf2 but did not significantly change the TFAM expression. Moreover, DIZE suppressed apoptosis by normalizing the cardiac expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2. DIZE is effective in attenuating hyperthyroidism-induced cardiac hypertrophy by modulating the mitophagy-related pathway, suppressing apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farid Shokri
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zarei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Sciences and Advanced Technology in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Safoura Raoufi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani-Aliakbari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yan CY, Ye Y, Mu HL, Wu T, Huang WS, Wu YP, Sun WY, Liang L, Duan WJ, Ouyang SH, Huang RT, Wang R, Sun XX, Kurihara H, Li YF, He RR. Prenatal hormone stress triggers embryonic cardiac hypertrophy outcome by ubiquitin-dependent degradation of mitochondrial mitofusin 2. iScience 2024; 27:108690. [PMID: 38235340 PMCID: PMC10792244 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Prenatal stress has been extensively documented as a contributing factor to adverse cardiac development and function in fetuses and infants. The release of glucocorticoids (GCs), identified as a significant stressor, may be a potential factor inducing cardiac hypertrophy. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Herein, we discovered that corticosterone (CORT) overload induced cardiac hypertrophy in embryonic chicks and fetal mice in vivo, as well as enlarged cardiomyocytes in vitro. The impaired mitochondria dynamics were observed in CORT-exposed cardiomyocytes, accompanied by dysfunction in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production. This phenomenon was found to be linked to decreased mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 2 (MFN2). Subsequently, we found that CORT facilitated the ubiquitin-proteasome-system-dependent degradation of MFN2 with an enhanced binding of appoptosin to MFN2, serving as the underlying cause. Collectively, our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which exposure to stress hormones induces cardiac hypertrophy in fetuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yu Yan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yue Ye
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Han-Lu Mu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wen-Shan Huang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wan-Yang Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wen-Jun Duan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shu-Hua Ouyang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rui-Ting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xin-Xin Sun
- Jiujiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Karmazyn M, Gan XT. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying the Cardiac Hypertrophic and Pro-Remodelling Effects of Leptin. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1137. [PMID: 38256208 PMCID: PMC10816997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its initial discovery in 1994, the adipokine leptin has received extensive interest as an important satiety factor and regulator of energy expenditure. Although produced primarily by white adipocytes, leptin can be synthesized by numerous tissues including those comprising the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular function can thus be affected by locally produced leptin via an autocrine or paracrine manner but also by circulating leptin. Leptin exerts its effects by binding to and activating specific receptors, termed ObRs or LepRs, belonging to the Class I cytokine family of receptors of which six isoforms have been identified. Although all ObRs have identical intracellular domains, they differ substantially in length in terms of their extracellular domains, which determine their ability to activate cell signalling pathways. The most important of these receptors in terms of biological effects of leptin is the so-called long form (ObRb), which possesses the complete intracellular domain linked to full cell signalling processes. The heart has been shown to express ObRb as well as to produce leptin. Leptin exerts numerous cardiac effects including the development of hypertrophy likely through a number of cell signaling processes as well as mitochondrial dynamics, thus demonstrating substantial complex underlying mechanisms. Here, we discuss mechanisms that potentially mediate leptin-induced cardiac pathological hypertrophy, which may contribute to the development of heart failure.
Collapse
|
5
|
Daneshpour M, Ghadimi-Daresajini A. Overview of miR-106a Regulatory Roles: from Cancer to Aging. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:892. [PMID: 37627777 PMCID: PMC10451182 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) comprise a class of non-coding RNA with extensive regulatory functions within cells. MiR-106a is recognized for its super-regulatory roles in vital processes. Hence, the analysis of its expression in association with diseases has attracted considerable attention for molecular diagnosis and drug development. Numerous studies have investigated miR-106 target genes and shown that this miRNA regulates the expression of some critical cell cycle and apoptosis factors, suggesting miR-106a as an ideal diagnostic and prognostic biomarker with therapeutic potential. Furthermore, the reported correlation between miR-106a expression level and cancer drug resistance has demonstrated the complexity of its functions within different tissues. In this study, we have conducted a comprehensive review on the expression levels of miR-106a in various cancers and other diseases, emphasizing its target genes. The promising findings surrounding miR-106a suggest its potential as a valuable biomolecule. However, further validation assessments and overcoming existing limitations are crucial steps before its clinical implementation can be realized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Daneshpour
- Biotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Ali Ghadimi-Daresajini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang A, Guo L, Zhang Y, Qiao C, Wang Y, Li J, Wang M, Xing J, Li F, Ji L, Guo H, Zhang R. MFN2-mediated mitochondrial fusion facilitates acute hypobaric hypoxia-induced cardiac dysfunction by increasing glucose catabolism and ROS production. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023:130413. [PMID: 37331409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid ascent to high-altitude environment which is characterized by acute hypobaric hypoxia (HH) may increase the risk of cardiac dysfunction. However, the potential regulatory mechanisms and prevention strategies for acute HH-induced cardiac dysfunction have not been fully clarified. Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) is highly expressed in the heart and is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial fusion and cell metabolism. To date, however, the significance of MFN2 in the heart under acute HH has not been investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Our study revealed that MFN2 upregulation in hearts of mice during acute HH led to cardiac dysfunction. In vitro experiments showed that the decrease in oxygen concentration induced upregulation of MFN2, impairing cardiomyocyte contractility and increasing the risk of QT prolongation. Additionally, acute HH-induced MFN2 upregulation promoted glucose catabolism and led to excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cardiomyocytes, ultimately resulting in decreased mitochondrial function. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and mass spectrometry analyses indicated that MFN2 interacted with the NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 23 kDa subunit (NDUFS8). Specifically, acute HH-induced MFN2 upregulation increased NDUFS8-dependent complex I activity. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our studies provide the first direct evidence that MFN2 upregulation exacerbates acute HH-induced cardiac dysfunction by increasing glucose catabolism and ROS production. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our studies indicate that MFN2 may be a promising therapeutic target for cardiac dysfunction under acute HH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Lifei Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chenjin Qiao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yijin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jinliang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Lele Ji
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Haitao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Singh DD, Kim Y, Choi SA, Han I, Yadav DK. Clinical Significance of MicroRNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs, and CircRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1629. [PMID: 37371099 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on recent research, the non-coding genome is essential for controlling genes and genetic programming during development, as well as for health and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The microRNAs (miRNAs), lncRNAs (long ncRNAs), and circRNAs (circular RNAs) with significant regulatory and structural roles make up approximately 99% of the human genome, which does not contain proteins. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) have been discovered to be essential novel regulators of cardiovascular risk factors and cellular processes, making them significant prospects for advanced diagnostics and prognosis evaluation. Cases of CVDs are rising due to limitations in the current therapeutic approach; most of the treatment options are based on the coding transcripts that encode proteins. Recently, various investigations have shown the role of nc-RNA in the early diagnosis and treatment of CVDs. Furthermore, the development of novel diagnoses and treatments based on miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs could be more helpful in the clinical management of patients with CVDs. CVDs are classified into various types of heart diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy (CH), heart failure (HF), rheumatic heart disease (RHD), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), atherosclerosis (AS), myocardial fibrosis (MF), arrhythmia (ARR), and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, we discuss the biological and clinical importance of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs and their expression profiles and manipulation of non-coding transcripts in CVDs, which will deliver an in-depth knowledge of the role of ncRNAs in CVDs for progressing new clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desh Deepak Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Youngsun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ah Choi
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn Han
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Biodisplay, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21924, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lax A, Soler F, Fernandez del Palacio MJ, Pascual-Oliver S, Ballester MR, Fuster JJ, Pascual-Figal D, Asensio-Lopez MDC. Silencing of microRNA-106b-5p prevents doxorubicin-mediated cardiotoxicity through modulation of the PR55α/YY1/sST2 signaling axis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 32:704-720. [PMID: 37234747 PMCID: PMC10208836 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Clinical use of doxorubicin (Dox), an anthracycline with potent anti-tumor effects, is limited because of its highly chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity (CIC). After myocardial infarction (MI), we have recently identified Yin Yang-1 (YY1) and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) as two factors involved in the overexpression of the isoform soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) protein, which acts as a decoy receptor blocking the favorable effects of IL-33. Therefore, high levels of sST2 are associated with increased fibrosis, remodeling, and worse cardiovascular outcomes. No data exist on the role of the YY1/HDAC4/sST2 axis in CIC. This study aimed to evaluate the pathophysiological implication of the molecular YY1/HDAC4/sST2 axis in remodeling that is developed in patients treated with Dox as well as to suggest a novel molecular therapy to prevent anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Here, we have characterized a novel nexus between miR106b-5p (miR-106b) levels and the YY1/HDAC4 axis in relation to the cardiac expression of sST2 using two experimental models with Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. The addition of Dox (5 μM) to human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes induced cellular apoptotic death via upregulation of miR-106b-5p (miR-106b), which was confirmed by specific mimic sequences. A functional blockage of miR-106b using the locked nucleic acid antagomir inhibited Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lax
- Biomedical Research Institute Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Soler
- Biomedical Research Institute Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Pascual-Oliver
- Biomedical Research Institute Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Miriam Ruiz Ballester
- Biomedical Research Institute Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Javier Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo Pascual-Figal
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca and University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Roiz-Valle D, Caravia XM, López-Otín C. Mechanisms of mitochondrial microRNA regulation in cardiovascular diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 212:111822. [PMID: 37182718 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In the past years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important biomarkers and essential regulators of many pathophysiological processes. Several studies have focused on the importance of these noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in maintaining mitochondrial function, introducing the term mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) to refer to those miRNAs controlling mitochondrial activity, either by targeting cytoplasmatic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) or by acting inside the mitochondria. Mitochondrial homeostasis is paramount in the cardiovascular system, where an important energy supply is needed to maintain the homeostasis of tissues, such as the myocardium. In this review, we will address the relevance of mitomiRs in cardiovascular pathologies by dissecting and categorizing their effect in mitochondrial function in order to provide a robust framework for new mitomiR-based therapeutical approaches to this group of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Roiz-Valle
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo.
| | - Xurde M Caravia
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fu D, Luo J, Wu Y, Zhang L, Li L, Chen H, Wen T, Fu Y, Xiong W. Angiotensin II-induced calcium overload affects mitochondrial functions in cardiac hypertrophy by targeting the USP2/MFN2 axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 571:111938. [PMID: 37100191 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination, a common type of post-translational modification, is known to affect various diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 2 (USP2) plays a crucial role in regulating cell functions, but its role in cardiac functions remains elusive. The present study aims to investigate the mechanism of USP2 in cardiac hypertrophy. Animal and cell models of cardiac hypertrophy were established using Angiotensin II (Ang II) induction. Our experiments revealed that Ang II induced USP2 downregulation in the in vitro and in vivo models. USP2 overexpression suppressed the degree of cardiac hypertrophy (decreased ANP, BNP, and β-MHC mRNA levels, cell surface area, and ratio of protein/DNA), calcium overload (decreased Ca2+ concentration and t-CaMKⅡ and p-CaMKⅡ, and increased SERCA2), and mitochondrial dysfunction (decreased MDA and ROS and increased MFN1, ATP, MMP, and complex Ⅰ and II) both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, USP2 interacted with MFN2 and improved the protein level of MFN2 through deubiquitination. Rescue experiments confirmed that MFN2 downregulation neutralized the protective role of USP2 overexpression in cardiac hypertrophy. Overall, our findings suggested that USP2 overexpression mediated deubiquitination to upregulate MFN2, thus alleviating calcium overload-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daoyao Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liuping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tong Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yongnan Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenjun Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China; Hypertension Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bhatti JS, Khullar N, Vijayvergiya R, Navik U, Bhatti GK, Reddy PH. Mitochondrial miRNA as epigenomic signatures: Visualizing aging-associated heart diseases through a new lens. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101882. [PMID: 36780957 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Aging bears many hard knocks, but heart disorders earn a particular allusion, being the most widespread. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are becoming the biggest concern to mankind due to sundry health conditions directly or indirectly related to heart-linked abnormalities. Scientists know that mitochondria play a critical role in the pathophysiology of cardiac diseases. Both environment and genetics play an essential role in modulating and controlling mitochondrial functions. Even a minor abnormality may prove detrimental to heart function. Advanced age combined with an unhealthy lifestyle can cause most cardiomyocytes to be replaced by fibrotic tissue which upsets the conducting system and leads to arrhythmias. An aging heart encounters far more heart-associated comorbidities than a young heart. Many state-of-the-art technologies and procedures are already being used to prevent and treat heart attacks worldwide. However, it remains a mystery when this heart bomb would explode because it lacks an alarm. This calls for a novel and effective strategy for timely diagnosis and a sure-fire treatment. This review article provides a comprehensive overture of prospective potentials of mitochondrial miRNAs that predict complicated and interconnected pathways concerning heart ailments and signature compilations of relevant miRNAs as biomarkers to plot the role of miRNAs in epigenomics. This article suggests that analysis of DNA methylation patterns in age-associated heart diseases may determine age-impelled biomarkers of heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India.
| | - Rajesh Vijayvergiya
- Department of Cardiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Departments of Neurology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ding J, Cao Y, Qi C, Zong Z. Dysregulated microRNAs participate in the crosstalk between colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00899-2. [PMID: 36964414 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00899-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation share several common risk factors, and the incidence of the two diseases also exhibits a certain correlation. The above facts suggest a potential interaction mechanism between them, which has obtained increasing attention in the scientific community but remains to be further explored. Participating in diverse physiological and pathological processes, miRNAs exert important roles in both occurrence and growth of colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation. To fill the gap in the understanding of the potential linkage between two diseases, the present study collected dysregulated miRNAs of colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation from previous studies and then selected the miRNAs with the same change trends in both diseases. Finally, we reviewed the potential crosstalk of two diseases focusing on the roles of 6 dysregulated miRNAs, including 3 co-downregulated miRNAs (hsa-mir-126, hsa-mir-133a and hsa-mir-150) and 3 co-upregulated miRNAs (hsa-mir-106a, hsa-mir-155 and hsa-mir-21). The molecular mechanisms mediated by these miRNAs in colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation were reviewed, and the possible crosstalk between the two diseases was discussed from the perspective of miRNAs. This study also provides potential common targets for preventive and curative measures against both colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiatong Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medicine School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yuke Cao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Chaofan Qi
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gareev I, Beylerli O, Liang Y, Lu E, Ilyasova T, Sufianov A, Sufianova G, Shi H, Ahmad A, Yang G. The Role of Mitochondria-Targeting miRNAs in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1065-1080. [PMID: 35524670 PMCID: PMC10286585 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220507021445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common type of hemorrhagic stroke, most often occurring between the ages of 45 and 60. Arterial hypertension (AH) is most often the cause of ICH, followed by atherosclerosis, blood diseases, inflammatory changes in cerebral vessels, intoxication and vitamin deficiencies. Cerebral hemorrhage can occur by diapedesis or as a result of a ruptured vessel. AH is difficult to treat, requires surgery and can lead to disability or death. One of the important directions in the study of the pathogenesis of ICH is mitochondrial dysfunction and its regulation. The key role of mitochondrial dysfunction in AH and atherosclerosis, as well as in the development of brain damage after hemorrhage, has been acknowledged. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs (about 18-22 nucleotides) that regulate a variety of biological processes including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, etc., primarily through gene repression. There is growing evidence to support dysregulated miRNAs in various cardiovascular diseases, including ICH. Further, the realization of miRNAs within mitochondrial compartment has challenged the traditional knowledge of signaling pathways involved in the regulatory network of cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of miRNAs in mitochondrial dysfunction for ICH is still under-appreciated, with comparatively much lesser studies and investigations reported, than those in other cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the up-to-date findings on the published role miRNAs in mitochondrial function for ICH, and the potential use of miRNAs in clinical settings, such as potential therapeutic targets and non-invasive diagnostic/prognostic biomarker tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russia
- Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russia
- Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Yanchao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Enzhou Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450008, Russia
| | - Albert Sufianov
- Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Galina Sufianova
- Department of Pharmacology, Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang M, Zhang B, Wang X, Song J, Tong M, Dong Z, Xu J, Liu M, Jiang Y, Wang N, Wang Y, Du Z, Liu Y, Zhang R, Xu C. LncRNA CFAR promotes cardiac fibrosis via the miR-449a-5p/LOXL3/mTOR axis. SCIENCE CHINA LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 66:783-799. [PMID: 36334219 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is one of the crucial pathological factors in the heart, and various cardiac conditions associated with excessive fibrosis can eventually lead to heart failure. However, the exact molecular mechanism of cardiac fibrosis remains unclear. In the present study, we show that a novel lncRNA that we named cardiac fibrosis-associated regulator (CFAR) is a profibrotic factor in the heart. CFAR was upregulated in cardiac fibrosis and its knockdown attenuated the expression of fibrotic marker genes and the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts, thereby ameliorating cardiac fibrosis. Moreover, CFAR acted as a ceRNA sponge for miR-449a-5p and derepressed the expression of LOXL3, which we experimentally established as a target gene of miR-449a-5p. In contrast to CFAR, miR-449a-5p was found to be significantly downregulated in cardiac fibrosis, and artificial knockdown of miR-449a-5p exacerbated fibrogenesis, whereas overexpression of miR-449a-5p impeded fibrogenesis. Furthermore, we found that LOXL3 mimicked the fibrotic factor TGF-β1 to promote cardiac fibrosis by activating mTOR. Collectively, our study established CFAR as a new profibrotic factor acting through a novel miR-449a-5p/LOXL3/mTOR axis in the heart and therefore might be considered as a potential molecular target for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis and associated heart diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jiahang Song
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ming Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jiaonan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Center of Chronic Diseases and Drug Research of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Zhimin Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Zhuhai People's Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Chaoqian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mitophagy: A Potential Target for Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Remodelling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2849985. [PMID: 36204518 PMCID: PMC9532135 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2849985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The pathological mechanisms underlying cardiac remodelling and cardiac dysfunction caused by pressure overload are poorly understood. Mitochondrial damage and functional dysfunction, including mitochondrial bioenergetic disorder, oxidative stress, and mtDNA damage, contribute to heart injury caused by pressure overload. Mitophagy, an important regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis and function, is triggered by mitochondrial damage and participates in the pathological process of cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies indicate that mitophagy plays a critical role in the pressure overload model, but evidence on the causal relationship between mitophagy abnormality and pressure overload-induced heart injury is inconclusive. This review summarises the mechanism, role, and regulation of mitophagy in the pressure overload model. It also pays special attention to active compounds that may regulate mitophagy in pressure overload, which provide clues for possible clinical applications.
Collapse
|
16
|
Reversing Cardiac Hypertrophy at the Source Using a Cardiac Targeting Peptide Linked to miRNA106a: Targeting Genes That Cause Cardiac Hypertrophy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070871. [PMID: 35890169 PMCID: PMC9317130 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Causes and treatments for heart failure (HF) have been investigated for over a century culminating in data that have led to numerous pharmacological and surgical therapies. Unfortunately, to date, even with the most current treatments, HF remains a progressive disease with no therapies targeting the cardiomyocytes directly. Technological advances within the past two to three years have brought about new paradigms for treating many diseases that previously had been extremely difficult to resolve. One of these new paradigms has been a shift from pharmacological agents to antisense technology (e.g., microRNAs) to target the molecular underpinnings of pathological processes leading to disease onset. Although this paradigm shift may have been postulated over a decade ago, only within the past few years has it become feasible. Here, we show that miRNA106a targets genes that, when misregulated, have been shown to cause hypertrophy and eventual HF. The addition of miRNA106a suppresses misexpressed HF genes and reverses hypertrophy. Most importantly, using a cardiac targeting peptide reversibly linked to miRNA106a, we show delivery is specific to cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
|
17
|
Song C, Zhang J, Liu Y, Hu Y, Feng C, Shi P, Zhang Y, Wang L, Xie Y, Zhang M, Zhao X, Cao Y, Li C, Sun H. Characterization and Validation of ceRNA-Mediated Pathway–Pathway Crosstalk Networks Across Eight Major Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:762129. [PMID: 35433687 PMCID: PMC9010821 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.762129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathway analysis is considered as an important strategy to reveal the underlying mechanisms of diseases. Pathways that are involved in crosstalk can regulate each other and co-regulate downstream biological processes. Furthermore, some genes in the pathways can function with other genes via the relationship of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism, which has also been demonstrated to play key roles in cellular biology. However, the comprehensive analysis of ceRNA-mediated pathway crosstalk is lacking. Here, we constructed the landscape of the ceRNA-mediated pathway–pathway crosstalk of eight major cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) based on sequencing data from ∼2,800 samples. Some common features shared by numerous CVDs were uncovered. A fraction of the pathway–pathway crosstalk was conserved in multiple CVDs and a core pathway–pathway crosstalk network was identified, suggesting the similarity of pathway–pathway crosstalk among CVDs. Experimental evidence also demonstrated that the pathway crosstalk was functioned in CVDs. We split all hub pathways of each pathway–pathway crosstalk network into three categories, namely, common hubs, differential hubs, and specific hubs, which could highlight the common or specific biological mechanisms. Importantly, after a comparison analysis of the hub pathways of networks, ∼480 hub pathway-induced common modules were identified to exert functions in CVDs broadly. Moreover, we performed a random walk algorithm on the hub pathway-induced sub-network and identified 23 potentially novel CVD-related pathways. In summary, our study revealed the potential molecular regulatory mechanisms of ceRNA crosstalk in pathway–pathway crosstalk levels and provided a novel routine to investigate the pathway–pathway crosstalk in cardiology. All CVD pathway–pathway crosstalks are provided in http://www.licpathway.net/cepathway/index.html.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yinling Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenchen Feng
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Pilong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yuexin Zhang
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yawen Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Meitian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Xilong Zhao
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yonggang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Chunquan Li
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongli Sun, ; Chunquan Li,
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongli Sun, ; Chunquan Li,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li H, Zhan J, Chen C, Wang D. MicroRNAs in cardiovascular diseases. MEDICAL REVIEW (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2022; 2:140-168. [PMID: 37724243 PMCID: PMC10471109 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2021-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, despite the wide diversity of molecular targets identified and the development of therapeutic methods. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (about 22 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in the cytoplasm and play complicated roles in different CVDs. While miRNA overexpression in one type of cell protects against heart disease, it promotes cardiac dysfunction in another type of cardiac cell. Moreover, recent studies have shown that, apart from cytosolic miRNAs, subcellular miRNAs such as mitochondria- and nucleus-localized miRNAs are dysregulated in CVDs. However, the functional properties of cellular- and subcellular-localized miRNAs have not been well characterized. In this review article, by carefully revisiting animal-based miRNA studies in CVDs, we will address the regulation and functional properties of miRNAs in various CVDs. Specifically, the cell-cell crosstalk and subcellular perspective of miRNAs are highlighted. We will provide the background for attractive molecular targets that might be useful in preventing the progression of CVDs and heart failure (HF) as well as insights for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiabing Zhan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Daowen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang S, Guo L, Wang D, Yang Y, Wang J. Research on Mechanism of miR-106a Nanoparticles Carrying Dexmedetomidine in Regulating Recovery and Metabolism of Nerve Cells in Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Injury. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022; 18:343-351. [PMID: 35484744 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We studied the mechanism of miR-106a nanoparticles carrying dexmedetomidine (DEX) in regulating the recovery and metabolism of nerve cells in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Hippocampus neuron model in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury was prepared in vitro. Study groups were randomly divided into control set, ischemic reperfusion (IR) set, dexmedetomidine (DEX) set, miR-106a-nanoparticles (NPs) set and set of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and miR-106a-NPs. We studied miR-106a expression, proliferative and apoptotic activity, secretion of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, quantity of Phosphocreatine (PCr), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and total adenine nucleotide, and also content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutases (SOD). Expressions of of Bax, Bcl-2 and NF-κB were also detected. Results showed that the expression of miR-106a in hippocampus neuron was reduced, while proliferation was reduced and apoptotic activity was increased. The secretions of IL-6 and TNF-α were increased, while the quantities of Phosphocreatine (PCr), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and total adenine nucleotide were reduced. Bax expression was also increased and Bcl-2 expression was reduced. Moreover, ROS content was increased and SOD activity was reduced, while the NF-κB presentation was increased. The above-mentioned changes could be reversed in IR set, DEX set and miR-106a-NPs set. The action was more notable in the DEX and miR-106a-NPs sets. Finally, the proliferation in hippocampus neuron in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury could be prompted and apoptosis could be restrained by DEX and miR-106a-NPs. The secretion of inflammatory factors could be restrained through restraining the inflammatory pathway and oxidative stress. The energy metabolism could therefore be improved effectively and recovery of nerve cells in HBI could be improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Duozi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Yanwei Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Jianhong Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Garcia-Padilla C, Dueñas A, Franco D, Garcia-Lopez V, Aranega A, Garcia-Martinez V, Lopez-Sanchez C. Dynamic MicroRNA Expression Profiles During Embryonic Development Provide Novel Insights Into Cardiac Sinus Venosus/Inflow Tract Differentiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:767954. [PMID: 35087828 PMCID: PMC8787322 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.767954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been explored in different organisms and are involved as molecular switches modulating cellular specification and differentiation during the embryonic development, including the cardiovascular system. In this study, we analyze the expression profiles of different microRNAs during early cardiac development. By using whole mount in situ hybridization in developing chick embryos, with microRNA-specific LNA probes, we carried out a detailed study of miR-23b, miR-130a, miR-106a, and miR-100 expression during early stages of embryogenesis (HH3 to HH17). We also correlated those findings with putative microRNA target genes by means of mirWalk and TargetScan analyses. Our results demonstrate a dynamic expression pattern in cardiac precursor cells from the primitive streak to the cardiac looping stages for miR-23b, miR-130a, and miR-106a. Additionally, miR-100 is later detectable during cardiac looping stages (HH15-17). Interestingly, the sinus venosus/inflow tract was shown to be the most representative cardiac area for the convergent expression of the four microRNAs. Through in silico analysis we revealed that distinct Hox family members are predicted to be targeted by the above microRNAs. We also identified expression of several Hox genes in the sinus venosus at stages HH11 and HH15. In addition, by means of gain-of-function experiments both in cardiomyoblasts and sinus venosus explants, we demonstrated the modulation of the different Hox clusters, Hoxa, Hoxb, Hoxc, and Hoxd genes, by these microRNAs. Furthermore, we correlated the negative modulation of several Hox genes, such as Hoxa3, Hoxa4, Hoxa5, Hoxc6, or Hoxd4. Finally, we demonstrated through a dual luciferase assay that Hoxa1 is targeted by miR-130a and Hoxa4 is targeted by both miR-23b and miR-106a, supporting a possible role of these microRNAs in Hox gene modulation during differentiation and compartmentalization of the posterior structures of the developing venous pole of the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Garcia-Padilla
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Angel Dueñas
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain.,Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Virginio Garcia-Lopez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain.,Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Virginio Garcia-Martinez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carmen Lopez-Sanchez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang D, Liu HQ, Liu FY, Guo Z, An P, Wang MY, Yang Z, Fan D, Tang QZ. Mitochondria in Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy Research and Therapy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:822969. [PMID: 35118147 PMCID: PMC8804293 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.822969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy, a stereotypic cardiac response to increased workload, ultimately progresses to severe contractile dysfunction and uncompensated heart failure without appropriate intervention. Sustained cardiac overload inevitably results in high energy consumption, thus breaking the balance between mitochondrial energy supply and cardiac energy demand. In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. The significant alterations in mitochondrial energetics and mitochondrial proteome composition, as well as the altered expression of transcripts that have an impact on mitochondrial structure and function, may contribute to the initiation and progression of cardiac hypertrophy. This article presents a summary review of the morphological and functional changes of mitochondria during the hypertrophic response, followed by an overview of the latest research progress on the significant modulatory roles of mitochondria in cardiac hypertrophy. Our article is also to summarize the strategies of mitochondria-targeting as therapeutic targets to treat cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Han-Qing Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng An
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Di Fan
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, China
- Qi-Zhu Tang
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
MicroRNAs: From Junk RNA to Life Regulators and Their Role in Cardiovascular Disease. CARDIOGENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cardiogenetics11040023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded small non-coding RNA (18–25 nucleotides) that until a few years ago were considered junk RNA. In the last twenty years, they have acquired more importance thanks to the understanding of their influence on gene expression and their role as negative regulators at post-transcriptional level, influencing the stability of messenger RNA (mRNA). Approximately 5% of the genome encodes miRNAs which are responsible for regulating numerous signaling pathways, cellular processes and cell-to-cell communication. In the cardiovascular system, miRNAs control the functions of various cells, such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, playing a role in physiological and pathological processes and seeming also related to variations in contractility and hereditary cardiomyopathies. They provide a new perspective on the pathophysiology of disorders such as hypertrophy, fibrosis, arrhythmia, inflammation and atherosclerosis. MiRNAs are differentially expressed in diseased tissue and can be released into the circulation and then detected. MiRNAs have become interesting for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools for various diseases, including heart disease. In this review, the concept of miRNAs and their role in cardiomyopathies will be introduced, focusing on their potential as therapeutic and diagnostic targets (as biomarkers).
Collapse
|
23
|
Yang M, Wang X, Wang T. Regulation of Mitochondrial Function by Noncoding RNAs in Heart Failure and Its Application in Diagnosis and Treatment. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:377-387. [PMID: 34132686 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Heart failure (HF) is the terminal stage of multiple cardiovascular diseases. However, the pathogenesis of HF remains unclear and prompt; appropriate diagnosis and treatment of HF are crucial. Cardiomyocytes isolated from HF subjects frequently present mitochondrial impairment and dysfunction. Many studies have suggested that the regulation by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) of mitochondria can affect the occurrence and progression of HF. The regulation by ncRNAs of myocardial mitochondria during HF and the recent applications of ncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of HF are summarized in this review that is intended to gain keen insights into the mechanisms of HF and more effective treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu X, Su YL, Shi JY, Lu Q, Chen C. MicroRNA-17-5p Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy by Targeting Mfn2 to Inhibit Autophagy. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:759-771. [PMID: 34120306 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09667-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is the leading cause of heart failure, and miRNAs have been recognized as key factors in cardiac hypertrophy. This study aimed to elucidate whether miR-17-5p affects cardiac hypertrophy by targeting the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 2 (Mfn2)-mediated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and regulating autophagy. miR-17-5p expression was shown to be upregulated both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, a miR-17-5p inhibitor significantly reversed AngII-induced cell hypertrophy in neonatal rat left ventricle myocytes (NRVMs). In contrast to miR-17-5p expression, Mfn2 expression was inhibited in rat hearts at 4 weeks after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and in an Ang II-induced cell hypertrophy model. We examined miR-17-5p targeting of Mfn2 by dual luciferase reporter and Western blot assays. In addition, we also verified the relationship between Mfn2 and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Mfn2 overexpression attenuated miR-17-5p-induced cell hypertrophy, and in rat myocardial tissue, miR-17-5p induced autophagy inhibition. In summary, the results of the present study demonstrated that miR-17-5p inhibits Mfn2 expression, activates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and suppresses autophagy to promote cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Ling Su
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Yu Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Feng Y, Huang W, Paul C, Liu X, Sadayappan S, Wang Y, Pauklin S. Mitochondrial nucleoid in cardiac homeostasis: bidirectional signaling of mitochondria and nucleus in cardiac diseases. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:49. [PMID: 34392401 PMCID: PMC8364536 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic function and energy production in eukaryotic cells are regulated by mitochondria, which have been recognized as the intracellular 'powerhouses' of eukaryotic cells for their regulation of cellular homeostasis. Mitochondrial function is important not only in normal developmental and physiological processes, but also in a variety of human pathologies, including cardiac diseases. An emerging topic in the field of cardiovascular medicine is the implication of mitochondrial nucleoid for metabolic reprogramming. This review describes the linear/3D architecture of the mitochondrial nucleoid (e.g., highly organized protein-DNA structure of nucleoid) and how it is regulated by a variety of factors, such as noncoding RNA and its associated R-loop, for metabolic reprogramming in cardiac diseases. In addition, we highlight many of the presently unsolved questions regarding cardiac metabolism in terms of bidirectional signaling of mitochondrial nucleoid and 3D chromatin structure in the nucleus. In particular, we explore novel techniques to dissect the 3D structure of mitochondrial nucleoid and propose new insights into the mitochondrial retrograde signaling, and how it regulates the nuclear (3D) chromatin structures in mitochondrial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Feng
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Old Road, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, CincinnatiCincinnati, OH, 45267-0529, USA
| | - Christian Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, CincinnatiCincinnati, OH, 45267-0529, USA
| | - Xingguo Liu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Hefei Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, CincinnatiCincinnati, OH, 45267-0529, USA.
| | - Siim Pauklin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Old Road, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is generally considered adaptive responses that may occur after myocardial infarction, pressure overload, volume overload, inflammatory heart muscle disease, or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, whereas long-term stimulation eventually leads to heart failure (HF). However, the current molecular mechanisms involved in CH are unclear. Recently, increasing evidences reveal that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in CH. Different lncRNAs can promote or inhibit the pathological process of CH by different mechanisms, while the regulation of lncRNAs expression can improve CH. Thus, CH-related lncRNAs may become a novel field of research on CH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Sun
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang GQ, Wang SQ, Chen Y, Fu LY, Xu YN, Li L, Tao L, Shen XC. MicroRNAs Regulating Mitochondrial Function in Cardiac Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:663322. [PMID: 34122082 PMCID: PMC8194257 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.663322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key organelles that supply cellular energy. As the most active organ in the body, the energy required to maintain the mechanical function of the heart requires a high quantity of high-quality mitochondria in cardiomyocytes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding RNAs, approximately 22 nt in length, which play key roles in mediating post-transcriptional gene silencing. Numerous studies have confirmed that miRNAs can participate in the occurrence and development of cardiac diseases by regulating mitochondrial function-related genes and signaling pathways. Therefore, elucidating the crosstalk that occurs between miRNAs and mitochondria is important for the prevention and treatment of cardiac diseases. In this review, we discuss the biogenesis of miRNAs, the miRNA-mediated regulation of major genes involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial function, and the effects of miRNAs on mitochondrial function in cardiac diseases in order to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiac disease and the development of new drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Qiong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Sheng-Quan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling-Yun Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi-Ni Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Tao
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen L, Liu B, Qin Y, Li A, Gao M, Liu H, Gong G. Mitochondrial Fusion Protein Mfn2 and Its Role in Heart Failure. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:681237. [PMID: 34026850 PMCID: PMC8138128 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.681237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) is a transmembrane GTPase located on the mitochondrial outer membrane that contributes to mitochondrial network regulation. It is an essential multifunctional protein that participates in various biological processes under physical and pathological conditions, including mitochondrial fusion, reticulum–mitochondria contacts, mitochondrial quality control, and apoptosis. Mfn2 dysfunctions have been found to contribute to cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Here, this review mainly focuses on what is known about the structure and function of Mfn2 and its crucial role in heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bilin Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Gong
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gong Y, Lin J, Ma Z, Yu M, Wang M, Lai D, Fu G. Mitochondria-associated membrane-modulated Ca 2+ transfer: A potential treatment target in cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury and heart failure. Life Sci 2021; 278:119511. [PMID: 33864818 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Effective Ca2+ dependent mitochondrial energy supply is imperative for proper cardiac contractile activity, while disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis participates in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases. This phenomenon is particularly prominent in cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) and heart failure, both of which require strict clinical intervention. The interface between endoplasmic reticula (ER) and mitochondria, designated the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), is now regarded as a crucial mediator of Ca2+ transportation. Thus, interventions targeting this physical and functional coupling between mitochondria and the ER are highly desirable. Increasing evidence supports the notion that restoration, and maintenance, of the physiological contact between these two organelles can improve mitochondrial function, while inhibiting cell death, thereby sufficiently ameliorating I/R injury and heart failure development. A better understanding regarding the underlying mechanism of MAM-mediated transport will pave the way for identification of novel treatment approaches for heart disease. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the crucial functions and potential mechanisms of MAMs in the pathogenesis of I/R and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zetao Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Dongwu Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ramachandra CJA, Cong S, Chan X, Yap EP, Yu F, Hausenloy DJ. Oxidative stress in cardiac hypertrophy: From molecular mechanisms to novel therapeutic targets. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:297-312. [PMID: 33675957 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
When faced with increased workload the heart undergoes remodelling, where it increases its muscle mass in an attempt to preserve normal function. This is referred to as cardiac hypertrophy and if sustained, can lead to impaired contractile function. Experimental evidence supports oxidative stress as a critical inducer of both genetic and acquired forms of cardiac hypertrophy, a finding which is reinforced by elevated levels of circulating oxidative stress markers in patients with cardiac hypertrophy. These observations formed the basis for using antioxidants as a therapeutic means to attenuate cardiac hypertrophy and improve clinical outcomes. However, the use of antioxidant therapies in the clinical setting has been associated with inconsistent results, despite antioxidants having been shown to exert protection in several animal models of cardiac hypertrophy. This has forced us to revaluate the mechanisms, both upstream and downstream of oxidative stress, where recent studies demonstrate that apart from conventional mediators of oxidative stress, metabolic disturbances, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation as well as dysregulated autophagy and protein homeostasis contribute to disease pathophysiology through mechanisms involving oxidative stress. Importantly, novel therapeutic targets have been identified to counteract oxidative stress and attenuate cardiac hypertrophy but more interestingly, the repurposing of drugs commonly used to treat metabolic disorders, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, sleep disorders and arthritis have also been shown to improve cardiac function through suppression of oxidative stress. Here, we review the latest literature on these novel mechanisms and intervention strategies with the aim of better understanding the complexities of oxidative stress for more precise targeted therapeutic approaches to prevent cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chrishan J A Ramachandra
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Shuo Cong
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xavier Chan
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - En Ping Yap
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fan Yu
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK; Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zheng M, Wang M. A narrative review of the roles of the miR-15/107 family in heart disease: lessons and prospects for heart disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:66. [PMID: 33553359 PMCID: PMC7859774 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Heart disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. To reduce morbidity and mortality among patients with heart disease, it is important to identify drug targets and biomarkers for more effective diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are characterized as a group of endogenous, small non-coding RNAs, which function by directly inhibiting target genes. The miR-15/107 family is a group of evolutionarily conserved miRNAs comprising 10 members that share an identical motif of AGCAGC, which determines overlapping target genes and cooperation in the biological process. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the predominant dysregulation of the miR-15/107 family in cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the miR-15/107 family, focusing on its role in the regulation in the development of the heart and the progression of heart disease. We also discuss the potential of different members of the miR-15/107 family as biomarkers for diverse heart disease, as well as the current applications and challenges in the use of the miR-15/107 family in clinical trials for various disease. This paper hopes to explore the potential of the miR-15/107 family as therapeutic targets or biomarkers and to provide directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manni Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Manolis AS, Manolis AA, Manolis TA, Apostolaki NE, Apostolopoulos EJ, Melita H, Katsiki N. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease: Current status of translational research/clinical and therapeutic implications. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:275-313. [PMID: 32959403 DOI: 10.1002/med.21732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria provide energy to the cell during aerobic respiration by supplying ~95% of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules via oxidative phosphorylation. These organelles have various other functions, all carried out by numerous proteins, with the majority of them being encoded by nuclear DNA (nDNA). Mitochondria occupy ~1/3 of the volume of myocardial cells in adults, and function at levels of high-efficiency to promptly meet the energy requirements of the myocardial contractile units. Mitochondria have their own DNA (mtDNA), which contains 37 genes and is maternally inherited. Over the last several years, a variety of functions of these organelles have been discovered and this has led to a growing interest in their involvement in various diseases, including cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction relates to the status where mitochondria cannot meet the demands of a cell for ATP and there is an enhanced formation of reactive-oxygen species. This dysfunction may occur as a result of mtDNA and/or nDNA mutations, but also as a response to aging and various disease and environmental stresses, leading to the development of cardiomyopathies and other CV diseases. Designing mitochondria-targeted therapeutic strategies aiming to maintain or restore mitochondrial function has been a great challenge as a result of variable responses according to the etiology of the disorder. There have been several preclinical data on such therapies, but clinical studies are scarce. A major challenge relates to the techniques needed to eclectically deliver the therapeutic agents to cardiac tissues and to damaged mitochondria for successful clinical outcomes. All these issues and progress made over the last several years are herein reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonis S Manolis
- First Department of Cardiology, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Niki Katsiki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Collins L, Binder P, Chen H, Wang X. Regulation of Long Non-coding RNAs and MicroRNAs in Heart Disease: Insight Into Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Physiol 2020; 11:798. [PMID: 32754048 PMCID: PMC7365882 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and there is an increasing need to identify new therapeutic targets that could be used to prevent or treat these diseases. Due to recent scientific advances, non-coding RNAs are widely accepted as important regulators of cellular processes, and the identification of an axis of interaction between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs) has provided another platform through which cardiovascular disease could be targeted therapeutically. Increasing evidence has detailed the importance of these non-coding RNAs, both individually and in an axis of regulation, in the processes and diseases involving the heart. However, further investigation into the consequences of targeting this mechanism, as well as refinement of how the system is targeted, are required before a treatment can be provided in clinic. This level of genomic regulation provides an exciting potential novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Collins
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Binder
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hongshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Climent M, Viggiani G, Chen YW, Coulis G, Castaldi A. MicroRNA and ROS Crosstalk in Cardiac and Pulmonary Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124370. [PMID: 32575472 PMCID: PMC7352701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) affect many cellular functions and the proper redox balance between ROS and antioxidants contributes substantially to the physiological welfare of the cell. During pathological conditions, an altered redox equilibrium leads to increased production of ROS that in turn may cause oxidative damage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level contributing to all major cellular processes, including oxidative stress and cell death. Several miRNAs are expressed in response to ROS to mediate oxidative stress. Conversely, oxidative stress may lead to the upregulation of miRNAs that control mechanisms to buffer the damage induced by ROS. This review focuses on the complex crosstalk between miRNAs and ROS in diseases of the cardiac (i.e., cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, myocardial infarction, ischemia/reperfusion injury, diabetic cardiomyopathy) and pulmonary (i.e., idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer) compartments. Of note, miR-34a, miR-144, miR-421, miR-129, miR-181c, miR-16, miR-31, miR-155, miR-21, and miR-1/206 were found to play a role during oxidative stress in both heart and lung pathologies. This review comprehensively summarizes current knowledge in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Climent
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, MI, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Viggiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, MI, Italy;
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Gerald Coulis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, and Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Alessandra Castaldi
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jusic A, Devaux Y. Mitochondrial noncoding RNA-regulatory network in cardiovascular disease. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:23. [PMID: 32140778 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function and integrity are vital for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, particularly in high-energy demanding cells. Cardiomyocytes have a large number of mitochondria, which provide a continuous and bulk supply of the ATP necessary for cardiac mechanical function. More than 90% of the ATP consumed by the heart is derived from the mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Decreased energy supply as the main consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). The discovery of noncoding RNA (ncRNAs) in the mitochondrial compartment has changed the traditional view of molecular pathways involved in the regulatory network of CVD. Mitochondrial ncRNAs participate in controlling cardiovascular pathogenesis by regulating glycolysis, mitochondrial energy status, and the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the association between impaired mitochondrial function resulting from fluctuation in expression levels of ncRNAs and specific disease phenotype can aid in preventing and treating CVD. This review presents an overview of the role of mitochondrial ncRNAs in the complex regulatory network of the cardiovascular pathology. We will summarize and discuss (1) mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) encoded either by nuclear or mitochondrial genome which are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism; (2) the role of mitomiRs and lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of several CVD such as hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, acute myocardial infarction and heart failure; (3) the biomarker and therapeutic potential of mitochondrial ncRNAs in CVD; (4) and the challenges inherent to their translation into clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amela Jusic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B rue Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kim S, Song J, Ernst P, Latimer MN, Ha CM, Goh KY, Ma W, Rajasekaran NS, Zhang J, Liu X, Prabhu SD, Qin G, Wende AR, Young ME, Zhou L. MitoQ regulates redox-related noncoding RNAs to preserve mitochondrial network integrity in pressure-overload heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H682-H695. [PMID: 32004065 PMCID: PMC7099446 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00617.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that mitochondrial network integrity is impaired in cardiomyocytes from failing hearts. While oxidative stress has been implicated in heart failure (HF)-associated mitochondrial remodeling, the effect of mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants, such as mitoquinone (MitoQ), on the mitochondrial network in a model of HF (e.g., pressure overload) has not been demonstrated. Furthermore, the mechanism of this regulation is not completely understood with an emerging role for posttranscriptional regulation via long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). We hypothesized that MitoQ preserves mitochondrial fusion proteins (i.e., mitofusin), likely through redox-sensitive lncRNAs, leading to improved mitochondrial network integrity in failing hearts. To test this hypothesis, 8-wk-old C57BL/6J mice were subjected to ascending aortic constriction (AAC), which caused substantial left ventricular (LV) chamber remodeling and remarkable contractile dysfunction in 1 wk. Transmission electron microscopy and immunostaining revealed defective intermitochondrial and mitochondrial-sarcoplasmic reticulum ultrastructure in AAC mice compared with sham-operated animals, which was accompanied by elevated oxidative stress and suppressed mitofusin (i.e., Mfn1 and Mfn2) expression. MitoQ (1.36 mg·day-1·mouse-1, 7 consecutive days) significantly ameliorated LV dysfunction, attenuated Mfn2 downregulation, improved interorganellar contact, and increased metabolism-related gene expression. Moreover, our data revealed that MitoQ alleviated the dysregulation of an Mfn2-associated lncRNA (i.e., Plscr4). In summary, the present study supports a unique mechanism by which MitoQ improves myocardial intermitochondrial and mitochondrial-sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) ultrastructural remodeling in HF by maintaining Mfn2 expression via regulation by an lncRNA. These findings underscore the important role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of HF and the potential of targeting them for effective HF treatment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have shown that MitoQ improves cardiac mitochondrial network integrity and mitochondrial-SR alignment in a pressure-overload mouse heart-failure model. This may be occurring partly through preventing the dysregulation of a redox-sensitive lncRNA-microRNA pair (i.e., Plscr4-miR-214) that results in an increase in mitofusin-2 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seulhee Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Patrick Ernst
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mary N Latimer
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Chae-Myeong Ha
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kah Yong Goh
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Wenxia Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sumanth D Prabhu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Adam R Wende
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Martin E Young
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lufang Zhou
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gusic M, Prokisch H. ncRNAs: New Players in Mitochondrial Health and Disease? Front Genet 2020; 11:95. [PMID: 32180794 PMCID: PMC7059738 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of mitochondrial proteome is unique in that its components have origins in both mitochondria and nucleus. With the development of OMICS technologies, emerging evidence indicates an interaction between mitochondria and nucleus based not only on the proteins but also on the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). It is now accepted that large parts of the non‐coding genome are transcribed into various ncRNA species. Although their characterization has been a hot topic in recent years, the function of the majority remains unknown. Recently, ncRNA species microRNA (miRNA) and long-non coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been gaining attention as direct or indirect modulators of the mitochondrial proteome homeostasis. These ncRNA can impact mitochondria indirectly by affecting transcripts encoding for mitochondrial proteins in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, reports of mitochondria-localized miRNAs, termed mitomiRs, and lncRNAs directly regulating mitochondrial gene expression suggest the import of RNA to mitochondria, but also transcription from the mitochondrial genome. Interestingly, ncRNAs have been also shown to hide small open reading frames (sORFs) encoding for small functional peptides termed micropeptides, with several examples reported with a role in mitochondria. In this review, we provide a literature overview on ncRNAs and micropeptides found to be associated with mitochondrial biology in the context of both health and disease. Although reported, small study overlap and rare replications by other groups make the presence, transport, and role of ncRNA in mitochondria an attractive, but still challenging subject. Finally, we touch the topic of their potential as prognosis markers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Gusic
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wong LL, Zou R, Zhou L, Lim JY, Phua DCY, Liu C, Chong JPC, Ng JYX, Liew OW, Chan SP, Chen YT, Chan MMY, Yeo PSD, Ng TP, Ling LH, Sim D, Leong KTG, Ong HY, Jaufeerally F, Wong R, Chai P, Low AF, Lund M, Devlin G, Troughton R, Cameron VA, Doughty RN, Lam CSP, Too HP, Richards AM. Combining Circulating MicroRNA and NT-proBNP to Detect and Categorize Heart Failure Subtypes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 73:1300-1313. [PMID: 30898206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicians need improved tools to better identify nonacute heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to derive and validate circulating microRNA signatures for nonacute heart failure (HF). METHODS Discovery and validation cohorts (N = 1,710), comprised 903 HF and 807 non-HF patients from Singapore and New Zealand (NZ). MicroRNA biomarker panel discovery in a Singapore cohort (n = 546) was independently validated in a second Singapore cohort (Validation 1; n = 448) and a NZ cohort (Validation 2; n = 716). RESULTS In discovery, an 8-microRNA panel identified HF with an area under the curve (AUC) 0.96, specificity 0.88, and accuracy 0.89. Corresponding metrics were 0.88, 0.66, and 0.77 in Validation 1, and 0.87, 0.58, and 0.74 in Validation 2. Combining microRNA panels with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) clearly improved specificity and accuracy from AUC 0.96, specificity 0.91, and accuracy 0.90 for NT-proBNP alone to corresponding metrics of 0.99, 0.99, and 0.93 in the discovery and 0.97, 0.96, and 0.93 in Validation 1. The 8-microRNA discovery panel distinguished HFpEF from HF with reduced ejection fraction with AUC 0.81, specificity 0.66, and accuracy 0.72. Corresponding metrics were 0.65, 0.41, and 0.56 in Validation 1 and 0.65, 0.41, and 0.62 in Validation 2. For phenotype categorization, combined markers achieved AUC 0.87, specificity 0.75, and accuracy 0.77 in the discovery with corresponding metrics of 0.74, 0.59, and 0.67 in Validation 1 and 0.72, 0.52, and 0.68 in Validation 2, as compared with NT-proBNP alone of AUC 0.71, specificity 0.46, and accuracy 0.62 in the discovery; with corresponding metrics of 0.72, 0.44, and 0.57 in Validation 1 and 0.69, 0.48, and 0.66 in Validation 2. Accordingly, false negative (FN) (81% Singapore and all NZ FN cases were HFpEF) as classified by a guideline-endorsed NT-proBNP ruleout threshold, were correctly reclassified by the 8-microRNA panel in the majority (72% and 88% of FN in Singapore and NZ, respectively) of cases. CONCLUSIONS Multi-microRNA panels in combination with NT-proBNP are highly discriminatory and improved specificity and accuracy in identifying nonacute HF. These findings suggest potential utility in the identification of nonacute HF, where clinical assessment, imaging, and NT-proBNP may not be definitive, especially in HFpEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Lee Wong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruiyang Zou
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, Singapore; MiRXES Pted Ltd, Singapore
| | - Lihan Zhou
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, Singapore; MiRXES Pted Ltd, Singapore
| | - Jia Yuen Lim
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Jenny P C Chong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jessica Y X Ng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oi Wah Liew
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew Pang Chan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yei-Tsung Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Poh Shuan D Yeo
- Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore; Apex Heart Clinic, Gleneagles Hospital, Singapore
| | - Tze Pin Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lieng H Ling
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiac Department, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - David Sim
- National Heart Centre, Singhealth, Singapore
| | - Kui Toh G Leong
- Department of Cardiology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Hean Y Ong
- Department of Cardiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Fazlur Jaufeerally
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore; Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Raymond Wong
- Cardiac Department, National University Health System, Singapore; National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ping Chai
- Cardiac Department, National University Health System, Singapore; National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Adrian F Low
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiac Department, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Mayanna Lund
- Middlemore Hospital, Otahuhu, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Richard Troughton
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Vicky A Cameron
- Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Robert N Doughty
- Heart Health Research Group, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heng Phon Too
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arthur Mark Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiac Department, National University Health System, Singapore; Christchurch Heart Institute, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Qiu Y, Cheng R, Liang C, Yao Y, Zhang W, Zhang J, Zhang M, Li B, Xu C, Zhang R. MicroRNA-20b Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy by the Inhibition of Mitofusin 2-Mediated Inter-organelle Ca 2+ Cross-Talk. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 19:1343-1356. [PMID: 32160705 PMCID: PMC7036712 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) and mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) are important in the development of cardiac hypertrophy, but the target relationship and mechanism associated with Ca2+ handling between SR and mitochondria under hypertrophic condition is not established. Mfn2 expression, Mfn2-mediated interorganelle Ca2+ cross-talk, and target regulation by miRNA-20b (miR-20b) were evaluated using animal/cellular hypertrophic models with state-of-the-art techniques. The results demonstrated that Mfn2 was downregulated and miR-20b was upregulated upon the target binding profile under hypertrophic condition. Our data showed that miR-20b induced cardiac hypertrophy that was reversed by recombinant adeno-associated virus vector 9 (rAAV9)-anti-miR-20b or miR-20b antisense inhibitor (AMO-20b). The deleterious action of miR-20b on Mfn2 expression/function and mitochondrial ATP synthesis was observed and reversed by rAAV9-anti-miR-20b or AMO-20b. The targeted regulation of miR-20b on Mfn2 was confirmed by luciferase reporter and miRNA-masking. Importantly, the facts that mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) activation by Spermine increased the cytosolic Ca2+ into mitochondria, manifested as enhanced histamine-mediated Ca2+ release from mitochondrial, suggesting that Ca2+ reuptake/buffering capability of mitochondria to cytosolic Ca2+ is injured by miR-20b-mediated Mfn2 signaling, by which leads cytosolic Ca2+ overload and cardiac hypertrophy through Ca2+ signaling pathway. In conclusion, pro-hypertonic miR-20b plays crucial roles in cardiac hypertrophy through downregulation of Mfn2 and cytosolic Ca2+ overload by weakening the buffering capability of mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Rongchao Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chaoqi Liang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Baiyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Chaoqian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Department of Pharmacology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bonora M, Wieckowski MR, Sinclair DA, Kroemer G, Pinton P, Galluzzi L. Targeting mitochondria for cardiovascular disorders: therapeutic potential and obstacles. Nat Rev Cardiol 2019; 16:33-55. [PMID: 30177752 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-018-0074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A large body of evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction has a major role in the pathogenesis of multiple cardiovascular disorders. Over the past 2 decades, extraordinary efforts have been focused on the development of agents that specifically target mitochondria for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Despite such an intensive wave of investigation, no drugs specifically conceived to modulate mitochondrial functions are currently available for the clinical management of cardiovascular disease. In this Review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondria in patients with cardiovascular disease, examine the obstacles that have restrained the development of mitochondria-targeting agents thus far, and identify strategies that might empower the full clinical potential of this approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bonora
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell, Regenerative Medicine Research, Department of Cell Biology and Stem Cell Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David A Sinclair
- Department of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology, and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. .,Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, E.S. Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. .,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mitochondrial Fusion by M1 Promotes Embryoid Body Cardiac Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:6380135. [PMID: 31641358 PMCID: PMC6770295 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6380135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be differentiated in vitro into bona fide cardiomyocytes for disease modelling and personalized medicine. Mitochondrial morphology and metabolism change dramatically as iPSCs differentiate into mesodermal cardiac lineages. Inhibiting mitochondrial fission has been shown to promote cardiac differentiation of iPSCs. However, the effect of hydrazone M1, a small molecule that promotes mitochondrial fusion, on cardiac mesodermal commitment of human iPSCs is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that treatment with M1 promoted mitochondrial fusion in human iPSCs. Treatment of iPSCs with M1 during embryoid body formation significantly increased the percentage of beating embryoid bodies and expression of cardiac-specific genes. The pro-fusion and pro-cardiogenic effects of M1 were not associated with changes in expression of the α and β subunits of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that hydrazone M1 is capable of promoting cardiac differentiation of human iPSCs, highlighting the important role of mitochondrial dynamics in cardiac mesoderm lineage specification and cardiac development. M1 and other mitochondrial fusion promoters emerge as promising molecular targets to generate lineages of the heart from human iPSCs for patient-specific regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
In heart failure, alterations of Na+ and Ca2+ handling, energetic deficit, and oxidative stress in cardiac myocytes are important pathophysiological hallmarks. Mitochondria are central to these processes because they are the main source for ATP, but also reactive oxygen species (ROS), and their function is critically controlled by Ca2+ During physiological variations of workload, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is required to match energy supply to demand but also to keep the antioxidative capacity in a reduced state to prevent excessive emission of ROS. Mitochondria take up Ca2+ via the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter, which exists in a multiprotein complex whose molecular components were identified only recently. In heart failure, deterioration of cytosolic Ca2+ and Na+ handling hampers mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and the ensuing Krebs cycle-induced regeneration of the reduced forms of NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), giving rise to energetic deficit and oxidative stress. ROS emission from mitochondria can trigger further ROS release from neighboring mitochondria termed ROS-induced ROS release, and cross talk between different ROS sources provides a spatially confined cellular network of redox signaling. Although low levels of ROS may serve physiological roles, higher levels interfere with excitation-contraction coupling, induce maladaptive cardiac remodeling through redox-sensitive kinases, and cell death through mitochondrial permeability transition. Targeting the dysregulated interplay between excitation-contraction coupling and mitochondrial energetics may ameliorate the progression of heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Bertero
- From the Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- From the Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhang M, Jiang Y, Guo X, Zhang B, Wu J, Sun J, Liang H, Shan H, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhang R, Yang B, Xu C. Long non-coding RNA cardiac hypertrophy-associated regulator governs cardiac hypertrophy via regulating miR-20b and the downstream PTEN/AKT pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7685-7698. [PMID: 31465630 PMCID: PMC6815784 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a key factor leading to heart failure and ultimately sudden death. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as a new player in gene regulation relevant to a wide spectrum of human disease including cardiac disorders. Here, we characterize the role of a specific lncRNA named cardiac hypertrophy‐associated regulator (CHAR) in CH and delineate the underlying signalling pathway. CHAR was found markedly down‐regulated in both in vivo mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload and in vitro cellular model of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II (AngII) insult. CHAR down‐regulation alone was sufficient to induce hypertrophic phenotypes in healthy mice and neonatal rat ventricular cells (NRVCs). Overexpression of CHAR reduced the hypertrophic responses. CHAR was found to act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to down‐regulate miR‐20b that we established as a pro‐hypertrophic miRNA. We experimentally established phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), an anti‐hypertrophic signalling molecule, as a target gene for miR‐20b. We found that miR‐20b induced CH by directly repressing PTEN expression and indirectly increasing AKT activity. Moreover, CHAR overexpression mitigated the repression of PTEN and activation of AKT by miR‐20b, and as such, it abrogated the deleterious effects of miR‐20b on CH. Collectively, this study characterized a new lncRNA CHAR and unravelled a new pro‐hypertrophic signalling pathway: lncRNA‐CHAR/miR‐20b/PTEN/AKT. The findings therefore should improve our understanding of the cellular functionality and pathophysiological role of lncRNAs in the heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiangjiao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiabin Sun
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haihai Liang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongli Shan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Center of Chronic Diseases and Drug Research of Mudanjiang Medical, University of Alliance of Sino-Russian Medical Universities, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Center of Chronic Diseases and Drug Research of Mudanjiang Medical, University of Alliance of Sino-Russian Medical Universities, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chaoqian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Center of Chronic Diseases and Drug Research of Mudanjiang Medical, University of Alliance of Sino-Russian Medical Universities, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bucha S, Mukhopadhyay D, Bhattacharyya NP. E2F1 activates MFN2 expression by binding to the promoter and decreases mitochondrial fission and mitophagy in HeLa cells. FEBS J 2019; 286:4525-4541. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Bucha
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics HBNI Kolkata India
| | - Debashis Mukhopadhyay
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics HBNI Kolkata India
| | - Nitai Pada Bhattacharyya
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics HBNI Kolkata India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sun D, Li C, Liu J, Wang Z, Liu Y, Luo C, Chen Y, Wen S. Expression Profile of microRNAs in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Effects of microRNA-20 in Inducing Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Through Regulating Gene MFN2. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:796-807. [PMID: 31295012 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy is an important cause of heart failure and sudden death. Studies have shown that Mitofusin-2 (MFN2) is downregulated in myocardial hypertrophy, but the upstream regulation mechanism underlying its downexpression in cardiomyocytes is still unclear. This study aims to identify the expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and explore the function of miRNA-20 in inducing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through regulating MFN2. Through miRNA + mRNA microarray analysis, 1451 miRNAs were identified, 367 miRNAs expressed differently between groups. Meanwhile, a number of 24,718 mRNAs were identified, among which 5850 mRNAs were upregulated and 3005 mRNAs were downregulated in HCM group compared with the control group. Expression of hsa-miRNA-20a-5p was 2.26 times higher in the HCM group compared with the control group and 7 target gene prediction programs predicted MFN2 as a target of miRNA-20. In vitro model of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes displayed high expression level of miRNA-20, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) mRNA, and protein, accompanying low expression level of Mfn2 mRNA and protein, which meant miRNA-20 played a role in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and might interact with MFN2 to function. Thereafter, overexpression of miRNA-20 led to cell hypertrophy accompanied with lowly expressed Mfn2 mRNA and protein. When transfected with miRNA-20 inhibitors, the expression of miRNA-20 and ANP gene was attenuated and MFN2 was the other way around. The cell surface area of Ang II group and mimic group was significantly larger compared with the control group, and in the inhibitor+Ang II group, the area was significantly decreased compared with the Ang II group. Dual-luciferase assays showed that miRNA-20 bound to 3' untranslated region of MFN2 and inhibited its expression. In conclusion, hypertrophic myocardium and normal myocardium have different miRNA expression profiles and the effect of miRNA-20 reducing the expression of MFN2 plays a role in promoting cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Sun
- 1Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine (PXM2017_014226_000037), Beijing, China
| | - Chuang Li
- 1Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine (PXM2017_014226_000037), Beijing, China
| | - Jielin Liu
- 1Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine (PXM2017_014226_000037), Beijing, China
| | - Zuoguang Wang
- 1Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine (PXM2017_014226_000037), Beijing, China
| | - Ya Liu
- 1Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine (PXM2017_014226_000037), Beijing, China
| | - Chen Luo
- 1Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine (PXM2017_014226_000037), Beijing, China
| | - Yanyu Chen
- 1Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine (PXM2017_014226_000037), Beijing, China
| | - Shaojun Wen
- 1Department of Hypertension Research, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine (PXM2017_014226_000037), Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
MiR-195-5p Promotes Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Targeting MFN2 and FBXW7. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1580982. [PMID: 31341888 PMCID: PMC6614993 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1580982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy mainly predicts heart failure and is highly linked with sudden loss of lives. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in the development of cardiac hypertrophy through binding to corresponding mRNA targets. In this study, in order to investigate the roles of two mature forms of miRNA-195, miR-195-3p, and miR-195-5p, in vitro and in vivo models of cardiac hypertrophy were established by applying angiotensin II (Ang II) to H9c2 cardiomyocytes and infusing chronic Ang II to mice, respectively. We found that miR-195-5p was evidently equally upregulated in the in vitro and in vivo studies of cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang II. High expressed miR-195-5p could adequately promote hypertrophy, whereas the suppression of miR-195-5p prevented hypertrophy of H9c2 cardiomyocytes under Ang II treatment. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter system demonstrated that MFN2 and FBWX7 were target genes of miR-195-5p, which negatively regulated the expression of these two genes in H9c2 cells. By contrast, in both models, expression of miR-195-3p was only slightly changed without statistical significance. In addition, we observed a trend towards decreased expression of hypertrophic markers by overexpressing miR-195-3p in AngII-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes in vitro. Taken together, our study indicates that miR-195-5p promotes cardiac hypertrophy via targeting MFN2 and FBXW7 and may provide promising therapeutic strategies for interfering cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang P, Wang SC, Yang H, Lv C, Jia S, Liu X, Wang X, Meng D, Qin D, Zhu H, Wang YF. Therapeutic Potential of Oxytocin in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:454. [PMID: 31178679 PMCID: PMC6537480 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cardiovascular disease responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The major pathophysiological basis of CAD is atherosclerosis in association with varieties of immunometabolic disorders that can suppress oxytocin (OT) receptor (OTR) signaling in the cardiovascular system (CVS). By contrast, OT not only maintains cardiovascular integrity but also has the potential to suppress and even reverse atherosclerotic alterations and CAD. These protective effects of OT are associated with its protection of the heart and blood vessels from immunometabolic injuries and the resultant inflammation and apoptosis through both peripheral and central approaches. As a result, OT can decelerate the progression of atherosclerosis and facilitate the recovery of CVS from these injuries. At the cellular level, the protective effect of OT on CVS involves a broad array of OTR signaling events. These signals mainly belong to the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway that is composed of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase cascades and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2. Additionally, AMP-activated protein kinase, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase signaling and many others are also implicated in OTR signaling in the CVS protection. These signaling events interact coordinately at many levels to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines and the activation of apoptotic pathways. A particular target of these signaling events is endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial oxidative stress that interact through mitochondria-associated ER membrane. In contrast to these protective effects and machineries, rare but serious cardiovascular disturbances were also reported in labor induction and animal studies including hypotension, reflexive tachycardia, coronary spasm or thrombosis and allergy. Here, we review our current understanding of the protective effect of OT against varieties of atherosclerotic etiologies as well as the approaches and underlying mechanisms of these effects. Moreover, potential cardiovascular disturbances following OT application are also discussed to avoid unwanted effects in clinical trials of OT usages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Stephani C Wang
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Haipeng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Forth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunmei Lv
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuwei Jia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dexin Meng
- Department of Physiology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Danian Qin
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University of Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Haybar H, Shahrabi S, Rezaeeyan H, Shirzad R, Saki N. Endothelial Cells: From Dysfunction Mechanism to Pharmacological Effect in Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 19:13-22. [PMID: 30506414 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are the innermost layer of blood vessels that play important roles in homeostasis and vascular function. However, recent evidence suggests that the onset of inflammation and the production of reactive oxygen species impair the function of ECs and are a main factor in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, we investigated the effects of inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and treatment on ECs in CVD patients. This review article is based on the material obtained from PubMed up to 2018. The key search terms used were "Cardiovascular Disease," "Endothelial Cell Dysfunction," "Inflammation," "Treatment," and "Oxidative Stress." The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as reduced nitric oxide (NO) production by ECs impairs the function of blood vessels. Therefore, treatment of CVD patients leads to the expression of transcription factors activating anti-oxidant mechanisms and NO production. In contrast, NO production by inflammatory agents can cause ECs repair due to differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Therefore, identifying the molecular pathways leading to the differentiation of EPCs through mediation of factors induced by inflammatory factors can be effective in regenerative medicine for ECs repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Haybar
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeid Shahrabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hadi Rezaeeyan
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Shirzad
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Research Institute of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Inhibition of Mitofusin-2 Promotes Cardiac Fibroblast Activation via the PERK/ATF4 Pathway and Reactive Oxygen Species. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3649808. [PMID: 31178957 PMCID: PMC6501253 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3649808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) is a key outer mitochondrial membrane protein, which maintains normal mitochondrial dynamics and function. However, its role in cardiac fibroblast activation remains poorly understood. In the present study, a rat model of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was established to observe the cardiac fibroblast activation in vivo. TGF-β1 treatment for 24 hours was used to induce cardiac fibroblast activation in vitro. As a result, the expression of Mfn2 decreased in the hypertrophic heart tissues and cardiac fibroblasts treated with TGF-β1. siMfn2 and adenovirus were applied to mediate Mfn2 gene silencing and overexpression in cardiac fibroblasts to elucidate the relationship between Mfn2 and cardiac fibroblast activation, as well as the possible underlying mechanisms. Knockdown of Mfn2 further promoted TGF-β1-induced cardiac fibroblast activation, while forced expression of Mfn2 attenuated this pathological reaction. The PERK/ATF4 pathway, one of the branches of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, was identified to be involved in this process. Knockdown and overexpression of Mfn2 lead to aggravation or alleviation of the PERK/ATF4 pathway. Blocking this pathway by silencing ATF4 with siATF4 attenuated the pathological process. During the activation of cardiac fibroblasts, knockdown of Mfn2 also increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) could attenuate the effect caused by knockdown of Mfn2. Our data suggested that inhibition of Mfn2 could promote cardiac fibroblast activation by activating the PERK/ATF4 signaling pathway and increasing the generation of ROS.
Collapse
|
50
|
Hu S, Cheng M, Guo X, Wang S, Liu B, Jiang H, Huang C, Wu G. Down-regulation of miR-200c attenuates AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy via targeting the MLCK-mediated pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2505-2516. [PMID: 30680929 PMCID: PMC6433679 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to commonly contribute to cardiac hypertrophy (CH). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that miR‐200c plays an important role in the progression of CH by targeting myosin light chain kinase (MLCK/MYLK). Methods and results Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by aortic banding (AB) in rats. Cellular hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NCMs) was induced by AngII treatment. Echocardiography, histology and molecular measurements were used to assess the results of the experiments. The levels of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also measured. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) and Western blotting were used to measure mRNA and protein levels respectively. The present results showed that miR‐200c expression was increased in response to CH both in vivo and in vitro. The down‐regulation of miRNA‐200c by a specific inhibitor markedly ameliorated CH resulting from AngII treatment, and the mRNA levels of atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide and β‐myosin heavy chain were simultaneously decreased. Notably, minimal apoptosis and ROS accumulation were identified in AngII‐induced hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Conversely, the up‐regulation of miR‐200c using specific mimics reversed these effects. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that the MLCK gene is a direct target of miR‐200c; an increase in miR‐200c levels led to a decrease in the expression of MLCK and its downstream effector, p‐MLC2, while miR‐200c inhibition increased the expression of these proteins. Furthermore, inhibiting MLCK impaired the anti‐hypertrophic effects contributions produced by the knockdown of miR‐200c. Conclusion Our studies suggest that miR‐200c may serve as a potential therapeutic target that could delay hypertrophy. We have also uncovered a relationship between miR‐200c and MLCK, identifying MLCK as a direct mediator of miR‐200c.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mian Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Beilei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|