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Srivastava A. AAV vectors for long-term gene therapy of hemophilia B: Are we there yet? Mol Ther 2024; 32:2042-2044. [PMID: 38906152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Powell Gene Therapy Center, Cancer and Genetics Research Complex, University of Florida College of Medicine, 2033 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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2
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Srivastava A. Rationale and strategies for the development of safe and effective optimized AAV vectors for human gene therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 32:949-959. [PMID: 37293185 PMCID: PMC10244667 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have been, or are currently in use, in 332 phase I/II/III clinical trials in a number of human diseases, and in some cases, remarkable clinical efficacy has also been achieved. There are now three US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved AAV "drugs," but it has become increasingly clear that the first generation of AAV vectors are not optimal. In addition, relatively large vector doses are needed to achieve clinical efficacy, which has been shown to provoke host immune responses culminating in serious adverse events and, more recently, in the deaths of 10 patients to date. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of the next generation of AAV vectors that are (1) safe, (2) effective, and (3) human tropic. This review describes the strategies to potentially overcome each of the limitations of the first generation of AAV vectors and the rationale and approaches for the development of the next generation of AAV serotype vectors. These vectors promise to be efficacious at significant reduced doses, likely to achieve clinical efficacy, thereby increasing the safety as well as reducing vector production costs, ensuring translation to the clinic with higher probability of success, without the need for the use of immune suppression, for gene therapy of a wide variety of diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Departments of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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3
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Liang P, Chen J, Yao L, Hao Z, Chang Q. A Deep Learning Approach for Prognostic Evaluation of Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Cuproptosis-Related Genes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051479. [PMID: 37239150 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma represents a significant global health challenge. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis remains poor for many patients. In this study, we aimed to identify cuproptosis-related genes and to develop a deep neural network model to predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. We screened differentially expressed genes from The Cancer Genome Atlas data through differential analysis of cuproptosis-related genes. We then used this information to establish a prognostic model using a deep neural network, which we validated using data from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Our deep neural network model incorporated nine cuproptosis-related genes and achieved an area under the curve of 0.732 in the training set and 0.646 in the validation set. The model effectively distinguished between distinct risk groups, as evidenced by significant differences in survival curves (p < 0.001), and demonstrated significant independence as a standalone prognostic predictor (p < 0.001). Functional analysis revealed differences in cellular pathways, the immune microenvironment, and tumor mutation burden between the risk groups. Furthermore, our model provided personalized survival probability predictions with a concordance index of 0.795 and identified the drug candidate BMS-754807 as a potentially sensitive treatment option for lung adenocarcinoma. In summary, we presented a deep neural network prognostic model for lung adenocarcinoma, based on nine cuproptosis-related genes, which offers independent prognostic capabilities. This model can be used for personalized predictions of patient survival and the identification of potential therapeutic agents for lung adenocarcinoma, which may ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchen Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- School of Software Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 528478, China
| | - Lei Yao
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zezhou Hao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
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4
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Stacpoole PW, McCall CE. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: Life's essential, vulnerable and druggable energy homeostat. Mitochondrion 2023; 70:59-102. [PMID: 36863425 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Found in all organisms, pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes (PDC) are the keystones of prokaryotic and eukaryotic energy metabolism. In eukaryotic organisms these multi-component megacomplexes provide a crucial mechanistic link between cytoplasmic glycolysis and the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. As a consequence, PDCs also influence the metabolism of branched chain amino acids, lipids and, ultimately, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). PDC activity is an essential determinant of the metabolic and bioenergetic flexibility of metazoan organisms in adapting to changes in development, nutrient availability and various stresses that challenge maintenance of homeostasis. This canonical role of the PDC has been extensively probed over the past decades by multidisciplinary investigations into its causal association with diverse physiological and pathological conditions, the latter making the PDC an increasingly viable therapeutic target. Here we review the biology of the remarkable PDC and its emerging importance in the pathobiology and treatment of diverse congenital and acquired disorders of metabolic integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Stacpoole
- Department of Medicine (Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine and Translational Sciences, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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5
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Mulcrone PL, Herzog RW, Xiao W. Adding recombinant AAVs to the cancer therapeutics mix. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 27:73-88. [PMID: 36321134 PMCID: PMC9588955 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is a powerful biological tool that is reshaping therapeutic landscapes for several diseases. Researchers are using both non-viral and viral-based gene therapy methods with success in the lab and the clinic. In the cancer biology field, gene therapies are expanding treatment options and the possibility of favorable outcomes for patients. While cellular immunotherapies and oncolytic virotherapies have paved the way in cancer treatments based on genetic engineering, recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV), a viral-based module, is also emerging as a potential cancer therapeutic through its malleability, specificity, and broad application to common as well as rare tumor types, tumor microenvironments, and metastatic disease. A wide range of AAV serotypes, promoters, and transgenes have been successful at reducing tumor growth and burden in preclinical studies, suggesting more groundbreaking advances using rAAVs in cancer are on the horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L. Mulcrone
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Roland W. Herzog
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Weidong Xiao
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,Corresponding author Weidong Xiao, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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6
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Karissa P, Simpson T, Dawson SP, Low TY, Tay SH, Nordin FDA, Zain SM, Lee PY, Pung YF. Comparison Between Dichloroacetate and Phenylbutyrate Treatment for Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency. Br J Biomed Sci 2022; 79:10382. [PMID: 35996497 PMCID: PMC9302545 DOI: 10.3389/bjbs.2022.10382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) deficiency is caused by a number of pathogenic variants and the most common are found in the PDHA1 gene. The PDHA1 gene encodes one of the subunits of the PDH enzyme found in a carbohydrate metabolism pathway involved in energy production. Pathogenic variants of PDHA1 gene usually impact the α-subunit of PDH causing energy reduction. It potentially leads to increased mortality in sufferers. Potential treatments for this disease include dichloroacetate and phenylbutyrate, previously used for other diseases such as cancer and maple syrup urine disease. However, not much is known about their efficacy in treating PDH deficiency. Effective treatment for PDH deficiency is crucial as carbohydrate is needed in a healthy diet and rice is the staple food for a large portion of the Asian population. This review analysed the efficacy of dichloroacetate and phenylbutyrate as potential treatments for PDH deficiency caused by PDHA1 pathogenic variants. Based on the findings of this review, dichloroacetate will have an effect on most PDHA1 pathogenic variant and can act as a temporary treatment to reduce the lactic acidosis, a common symptom of PDH deficiency. Phenylbutyrate can only be used on patients with certain pathogenic variants (p.P221L, p.R234G, p.G249R, p.R349C, p.R349H) on the PDH protein. It is hoped that the review would provide an insight into these treatments and improve the quality of lives for patients with PDH deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Karissa
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Timothy Simpson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P Dawson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sook Hui Tay
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | | | - Shamsul Mohd Zain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pey Yee Lee
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yuh-Fen Pung
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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8
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Yin L, Keeler GD, Zhang Y, Hoffman BE, Ling C, Qing K, Srivastava A. AAV3-miRNA vectors for growth suppression of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and human liver tumors in a murine xenograft model in vivo. Gene Ther 2021; 28:422-434. [PMID: 32152434 PMCID: PMC7784898 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-020-0140-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 3 (AAV3) vectors transduce human liver tumors more efficiently in a mouse xenograft model following systemic administration. Others have utilized AAV8 vectors expressing miR-26a and miR-122 to achieve near total inhibition of growth of mouse liver tumors. Since AAV3 vectors transduce human hepatic cells more efficiently than AAV8 vectors, in the present studies, we wished to evaluate the efficacy of AAV3-miR-26a/122 vectors in suppressing the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro, and human liver tumors in a mouse model in vivo. To this end, a human HCC cell line, Huh7, was transduced with various multiplicities of infection (MOIs) of AAV3-miR-26a or scAAV3-miR-122 vectors, or both, which also co-expressed a Gaussia luciferase (GLuc) reporter gene. Only a modest level of dose-dependent growth inhibition of Huh7 cells (~12-13%) was observed at the highest MOI (1 × 105 vgs/cell) with each vector. When Huh7 cells were co-transduced with both vectors, the extent of growth inhibition was additive (~26%). However, AAV3-miR-26a and scAAV3-miR-122 vectors led to ~70% inhibition of growth of Huh-derived human liver tumors in a mouse xenograft model in vivo. Thus, the combined use of miR-26a and scAAV3-miR-122 delivered by AAV3 vectors offers a potentially useful approach to target human liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Geoffrey D Keeler
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yuanhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Brad E Hoffman
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chen Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Keyun Qing
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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9
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Brown HC, Doering CB, Herzog RW, Ling C, Markusic DM, Spencer HT, Srivastava A, Srivastava A. Development of a Clinical Candidate AAV3 Vector for Gene Therapy of Hemophilia B. Hum Gene Ther 2020; 31:1114-1123. [PMID: 32657150 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) and serotype 5 (AAV5) vectors have shown efficacy in Phase 1 clinical trials for gene therapy of hemophilia B, it has become increasingly clear that these serotypes are not optimal for transducing primary human hepatocytes. We have previously reported that among the 10 most commonly used AAV serotypes, AAV serotype 3 (AAV3) vectors are the most efficient in transducing primary human hepatocytes in vitro as well as in "humanized" mice in vivo, and suggested that AAV3 vectors expressing human coagulation factor IX (hFIX) may be a more efficient alternative for clinical gene therapy of hemophilia B. In the present study, we extended these findings to develop an AAV3 vector incorporating a compact yet powerful liver-directed promoter as well as optimized hFIX cDNA sequence inserted between two AAV3 inverted terminal repeats. When packaged into an AAV3 capsid, this vector yields therapeutic levels of hFIX in hemophilia B and in "humanized" mice in vivo. Together, these studies have resulted in an AAV3 vector predicted to achieve clinical efficacy at reduced vector doses, without the need for immune-suppression, for clinical gene therapy of hemophilia B.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher B Doering
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Roland W Herzog
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Chen Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - David M Markusic
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - H Trent Spencer
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alok Srivastava
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College and Centre for Stem Cell Research (a Unit of inStem, Bengaluru), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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10
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Hsu HL, Brown A, Loveland AB, Lotun A, Xu M, Luo L, Xu G, Li J, Ren L, Su Q, Gessler DJ, Wei Y, Tai PWL, Korostelev AA, Gao G. Structural characterization of a novel human adeno-associated virus capsid with neurotropic properties. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3279. [PMID: 32606306 PMCID: PMC7327033 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are currently considered the safest and most reliable gene delivery vehicles for human gene therapy. Three serotype capsids, AAV1, AAV2, and AAV9, have been approved for commercial use in patients, but they may not be suitable for all therapeutic contexts. Here, we describe a novel capsid identified in a human clinical sample by high-throughput, long-read sequencing. The capsid, which we have named AAVv66, shares high sequence similarity with AAV2. We demonstrate that compared to AAV2, AAVv66 exhibits enhanced production yields, virion stability, and CNS transduction. Unique structural properties of AAVv66 visualized by cryo-EM at 2.5-Å resolution, suggest that critical residues at the three-fold protrusion and at the interface of the five-fold axis of symmetry likely contribute to the beneficial characteristics of AAVv66. Our findings underscore the potential of AAVv66 as a gene therapy vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Lun Hsu
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander Brown
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna B Loveland
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Anoushka Lotun
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Meiyu Xu
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Li Luo
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R., China
| | - Guangchao Xu
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R., China
| | - Jia Li
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lingzhi Ren
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Qin Su
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Dominic J Gessler
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R., China
| | - Phillip W L Tai
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Andrei A Korostelev
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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11
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Ran G, Chen X, Xie Y, Zheng Q, Xie J, Yu C, Pittman N, Qi S, Yu FX, Agbandje-McKenna M, Srivastava A, Ling C. Site-Directed Mutagenesis Improves the Transduction Efficiency of Capsid Library-Derived Recombinant AAV Vectors. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2020; 17:545-555. [PMID: 32258217 PMCID: PMC7114622 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors selected from capsid libraries present enormous advantages in high selectivity of tissue tropism and their potential use in human gene therapy applications. For example, rAAV-LK03, was used in a gene therapy trial for hemophilia A (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03003533). However, high doses in patients resulted in severe adverse events and subsequent loss of factor VIII (FVIII) expression. Thus, additional strategies are needed to enhance the transduction efficiency of capsid library-derived rAAV vectors such that improved clinical efficacy can be achieved at low vector doses. In this study, we characterized two commonly used library-derived rAAV vectors, rAAV-DJ and rAAV-LK03. It was concluded that rAAV-DJ shared similar transport pathways (e.g., cell surface binding, endocytosis-dependent internalization, and cytoplasmic trafficking) with rAAV serotype 2, while rAAV-LK03 and rAAV serotype 3 shared similar transport pathways. We then performed site-directed mutagenesis of surface-exposed tyrosine (Y), serine (S), aspartic acid (D), and tryptophan (W) residues on rAAV-DJ and rAAV-LK03 capsids. Our results demonstrated that rAAV-DJ-S269T and rAAV-LK03-Y705+731F variants had significantly enhanced transduction efficiency compared to wild-type counterparts. Our studies suggest that the strategy of site-directed mutagenesis should be applicable to other non-natural AAV variants for their optimal use in human gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gai Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yilin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qingyun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chenghui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Nikea Pittman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Sixian Qi
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Fa-Xing Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mavis Agbandje-McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
- Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Chen Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer death globally, mainly due to lack of effective treatments – a problem that gene therapy is poised to solve. Successful gene therapy requires safe and efficient delivery vectors, and recent advances in both viral and nonviral vectors have made an important impact on HCC gene therapy delivery. This review explores how adenoviral, retroviral and adeno-associated viral vectors have been modified to increase safety and delivery capacity, highlighting studies and clinical trials using these vectors for HCC gene therapy. Nanoparticles, liposomes, exosomes and virosomes are also featured in their roles as HCC gene delivery vectors. Finally, new discoveries in gene editing technology and their impacts on HCC gene therapy are discussed.
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13
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Berns KI, Srivastava A. Next Generation of Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors for Gene Therapy for Human Liver Diseases. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2019; 48:319-330. [PMID: 31046978 PMCID: PMC6501830 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant vectors based on a nonpathogenic parvovirus, the adeno-associated virus (AAV), have taken center stage in the past decade. The safety of AAV vectors in clinical trials and clinical efficacy in several human diseases are now well documented. Despite these achievements, it is increasingly clear that the full potential of AAV vectors composed of the naturally occurring capsids is unlikely to be realized. This article describes advances that have been made and challenges that remain in the optimal use of AAV vectors in human gene therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth I. Berns
- Distinguished Professor Emeritus, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Powell Gene Therapy Center, Cancer and Genetics Research Complex, University of Florida College of Medicine, 2033 Mowry Road, Room 492-A, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Powell Gene Therapy Center, Cancer and Genetics Research Complex, University of Florida College of Medicine, 2033 Mowry Road, Room 492-A, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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14
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Transcriptome analysis of Burkholderia pseudomallei SCV reveals an association with virulence, stress resistance and intracellular persistence. Genomics 2019; 112:501-512. [PMID: 30980902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Differences in expression of potential virulence and survival genes were associated with B. pseudomallei colony morphology variants. Microarray was used to investigate B. pseudomallei transcriptome alterations among the wild type and small colony variant (SCV) pre- and post-exposed to A549 cells. SCV pre- and post-exposed have lower metabolic requirements and consume lesser energy than the wild type pre- and post-exposed to A549. However, both the wild type and SCV limit their metabolic activities post- infection of A549 cells and this is indicated by the down-regulation of genes implicated in the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrate, lipid, and other amino acids. Many well-known virulence and survival factors, including T3SS, fimbriae, capsular polysaccharides and stress response were up-regulated in both the wild type and SCV pre- and post-exposed to A549 cells. Microarray analysis demonstrated essential differences in bacterial response associated with virulence and survival pre- and post-exposed to A549 cells.
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15
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Büning H, Srivastava A. Capsid Modifications for Targeting and Improving the Efficacy of AAV Vectors. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 12:248-265. [PMID: 30815511 PMCID: PMC6378346 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, recombinant vectors based on a non-pathogenic parvovirus, the adeno-associated virus (AAV), have taken center stage as a gene delivery vehicle for the potential gene therapy for a number of human diseases. To date, the safety of AAV vectors in 176 phase I, II, and III clinical trials and their efficacy in at least eight human diseases are now firmly documented. Despite these remarkable achievements, it has also become abundantly clear that the full potential of first generation AAV vectors composed of naturally occurring capsids is not likely to be realized, since the wild-type AAV did not evolve for the purpose of therapeutic gene delivery. In this article, we provide a brief historical account of the progress that has been made in the development of capsid-modified, next-generation AAV vectors to ensure both the safety and efficacy of these vectors in targeting a wide variety of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildegard Büning
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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16
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Souza FDO, Sorbo JM, Regasini LO, Bolzani VDS, Rosa JC, Czernys ÉDS, Valente V, Moreira TF, Navegante G, Fernandes BC, Soares CP. Nitensidine B affects proteins of the glycolytic pathway and induces apoptosis in cervical carcinoma cells immortalized by HPV16. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 48:179-186. [PMID: 30195876 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer, the fourth most common type of cancer among women worldwide, accounts for approximately 12% of all types of malignancies that affect women. Natural products have contributed significantly to the development of modern therapies; approximately 70% of the drugs available for chemotherapy are naturally based products. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the biological activities of nitensidine B (NTB), a guanidinic alkaloid isolated from the leaves of Pterogyne nitens Tul. (Fabaceae) in a cervical cancer cell line. METHODS In vitro experiments were performed using cervical carcinoma cells immortalized by human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16, SiHa cells), since epidemiological and molecular studies have demonstrated robust associations between the etiologies of cervical cancer and HPV infection. Cytotoxicity as well as the effect of NTB treatment on intracellular signals of apoptosis, fragmentation of internucleosomal DNA via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and levels of apoptosis effectors (Caspase 3/7) were evaluated. In addition, differential proteomic analysis (iTRAQ) and protein validation using western blot were performed. RESULTS The cytotoxicity of NTB treatment in the SiHa cell line was concentration-dependent, with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 50% of the cells of 40.98 µM. In the TUNEL assay, SiHa cell apoptosis with 3/7 caspase activation was reported at 12 h following treatment. Differential proteomic analysis by iTRAQ demonstrated that proteins of the glycolytic pathway, aldolase A, alpha-enolase, pyruvate kinase, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase were underexpressed. CONCLUSION These results indicated that NTB could play a role in decreasing glycolysis . Since tumor cells prefer the glycolytic pathway to generate energy, these findings suggest that NTB may be a reliable model for the study of human cervical cancer cell lines immortalized by HPV16, however more experiments can be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe de Oliveira Souza
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Highway Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Campos Ville, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maria Sorbo
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Highway Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Campos Ville, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Octávio Regasini
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences of the Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences of the Sao Paulo State University, Cristovao Colombo street, 2265, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, Brazil
| | - José César Rosa
- Center of Protein Chemistry of Department of Cellular Molecular Biology and Pathogen Bioagents of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érica da Silva Czernys
- Center of Protein Chemistry of Department of Cellular Molecular Biology and Pathogen Bioagents of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenue Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Valente
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Highway Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Campos Ville, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís Fernanda Moreira
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Highway Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Campos Ville, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geovana Navegante
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Highway Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Campos Ville, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara Colatto Fernandes
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Highway Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Campos Ville, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christiane Pienna Soares
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Highway Araraquara Jaú, Km 01, Campos Ville, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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17
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Domenger C, Allais M, François V, Léger A, Lecomte E, Montus M, Servais L, Voit T, Moullier P, Audic Y, Le Guiner C. RNA-Seq Analysis of an Antisense Sequence Optimized for Exon Skipping in Duchenne Patients Reveals No Off-Target Effect. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 10:277-291. [PMID: 29499940 PMCID: PMC5785776 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding uridine-rich small nuclear RNAs (UsnRNAs) have emerged in recent years as effective tools for exon skipping for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a degenerative muscular genetic disorder. We recently showed the high capacity of a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-U7snRNA vector to restore the reading frame of the DMD mRNA in the muscles of DMD dogs. We are now moving toward a phase I/II clinical trial with an rAAV-U7snRNA-E53, carrying an antisense sequence designed to hybridize exon 53 of the human DMD messenger. As observed for genome-editing tools, antisense sequences present a risk of off-target effects, reflecting partial hybridization onto unintended transcripts. To characterize the clinical antisense sequence, we studied its expression and explored the occurrence of its off-target effects in human in vitro models of skeletal muscle and liver. We presented a comprehensive methodology combining RNA sequencing and in silico filtering to analyze off-targets. We showed that U7snRNA-E53 induced the effective exon skipping of the DMD transcript without inducing the notable deregulation of transcripts in human cells, neither at gene expression nor at the mRNA splicing level. Altogether, these results suggest that the use of the rAAV-U7snRNA-E53 vector for exon skipping could be safe in eligible DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Domenger
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, 44200 Nantes, France.
| | - Marine Allais
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Virginie François
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Adrien Léger
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Emilie Lecomte
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, 44200 Nantes, France
| | | | - Laurent Servais
- Institute I-Motion, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Voit
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health/Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Philippe Moullier
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Yann Audic
- CNRS, UMR 6290 Institut Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Caroline Le Guiner
- INSERM UMR 1089, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, 44200 Nantes, France.
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18
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Liu S, Xie F, Xiang X, Liu S, Dong S, Qu K, Lin T. Identification of differentially expressed genes, lncRNAs and miRNAs which are associated with tumor malignant phenotypes in hepatoblastoma patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:97554-97564. [PMID: 29228631 PMCID: PMC5722583 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is one of the most common hepatic malignancies in the pediatric population. HB are composed of a variety of tumors, which derived from different origins and had varying clinical outcomes. However, the unclear underlying mechanisms of HB limited exploring novel biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets. We searched microarray datasets on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and selected GSE75271 and GSE75283 datasets for comprehensive analysis. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to identify genes which were associated with tumor malignant phenotypes, including HB subtypes, Cairo classification and tumor stage. Coexpression analysis of identified genes was also performed and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was finally conducted. Our results showed that a total of 22 lncRNAs, 13 miRNAs and 66 mRNAs were identified to be associated with tumor malignant phenotypes. Mechanistically, these molecules might promote the malignant phenotypes via regulating metabolic pathways. Among of them, 6 miRNAs (hsa-miR-106b, hsa-miR-130b, hsa-miR-19a, hsa-miR-19b, hsa-miR-20a and hsa-miR-301a), 8 lncRNAs (NR_102317, XR_245338, XR_428373, XR_924945, XR_929728, XR_931611, XR_935074 and XR_946696), and 6 mRNAs (EGFR, GAREM, INSIG1, KRT81, SAR1B and SDC1) were selected to conduct a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Taken together, our findings provide evidence for exploring molecular mechanisms of HB. Those identified malignant phenotype-associated molecules might be potential biomarkers and anti-cancer therapeutic targets in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Liu
- Department of The Second General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Fujing Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xiaohong Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Sinan Liu
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Units, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Shunbin Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Kai Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Units, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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19
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Zhong Y, Li X, Ji Y, Li X, Li Y, Yu D, Yuan Y, Liu J, Li H, Zhang M, Ji Z, Fan D, Wen J, Goscinski MA, Yuan L, Hao B, Nesland JM, Suo Z. Pyruvate dehydrogenase expression is negatively associated with cell stemness and worse clinical outcome in prostate cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13344-13356. [PMID: 28076853 PMCID: PMC5355102 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells generate adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP), the major currency for energy-consuming reactions, through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis. One of the remarkable features of cancer cells is aerobic glycolysis, also known as the “Warburg Effect”, in which cancer cells rely preferentially on glycolysis instead of mitochondrial OXPHOS as the main energy source even in the presence of high oxygen tension. One of the main players in controlling OXPHOS is the mitochondrial gatekeeperpyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc) and its major subunit is E1α (PDHA1). To further analyze the function of PDHA1 in cancer cells, it was knock out (KO) in the human prostate cancer cell line LnCap and a stable KO cell line was established. We demonstrated that PDHA1 gene KO significantly decreased mitochondrial OXPHOS and promoted anaerobic glycolysis, accompanied with higher stemness phenotype including resistance to chemotherapy, enhanced migration ability and increased expression of cancer stem cell markers. We also examined PDHA1 protein expression in prostate cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry and observed that reduced PDHA1 protein expression in clinical prostate carcinomas was significantly correlated with poor prognosis. Collectively, our results show that negative PDHA1 gene expressionis associated with significantly higher cell stemness in prostate cancer cells and reduced protein expression of this gene is associated with shorter clinical outcome in prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Montebello, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yasai Ji
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Montebello, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yaqing Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Health Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Huixiang Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Ji
- Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Dandan Fan
- Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Mariusz Adam Goscinski
- Department of Surgery, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bin Hao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jahn M Nesland
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Montebello, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Zhenhe Suo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Montebello, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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20
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Zhao J, Zhang M, He P, Zhao J, Chen Y, Qi J, Wang Y. Proteomic analysis of oridonin-induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1807-1815. [PMID: 28259901 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oridonin is a diterpenoid compound isolated from the medicinal herb Rabdosia rubescens, and has shown marked antitumor effects against different types of cancer. However, the definitive systematic molecular mechanism underlying the antitumor activity of oridonin in multiple myeloma remains to be elucidated. In the present study, cell viability and cytotoxicity were examined to determine the appropriate concentration for proteomic investigation. In addition, cell apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy. A proteomic investigation using a two‑dimensional electrophoresis system and mass spectrometry was performed to identify and characterize the global proteome of the apoptosis induced by oridonin. Of the proteins identified, seven were involved in the anticancer effects of oridonin. Regulation of the expression and function of target proteins, stathmin, dihydrofolate reductase and pyruvate dehydrogenase E1β, may be potential, therapeutic strategies to effectively treat multiple myeloma. These findings provide novel information on the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer properties of oridonin in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qi
- Institute of Xi'an Blood Bank, Shaanxi Blood Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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21
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Simile MM, Latte G, Demartis MI, Brozzetti S, Calvisi DF, Porcu A, Feo CF, Seddaiu MA, Daino L, Berasain C, Tomasi ML, Avila MA, Feo F, Pascale RM. Post-translational deregulation of YAP1 is genetically controlled in rat liver cancer and determines the fate and stem-like behavior of the human disease. Oncotarget 2016; 7:49194-49216. [PMID: 27359056 PMCID: PMC5226501 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that YAP1 is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we observed higher expression of Yap1/Ctgf axis in dysplastic nodules and HCC chemically-induced in F344 rats, genetically susceptible to hepatocarcinogenesis, than in lesions induced in resistant BN rats. In BN rats, highest increase in Yap1-tyr357, p73 phosphorylation and Caspase 3 cleavage occurred. In human HCCs with poorer prognosis (< 3 years survival after partial liver resection, HCCP), levels of YAP1, CTGF, 14-3-3, and TEAD proteins, and YAP1-14-3-3 and YAP1-TEAD complexes were higher than in HCCs with better outcome (> 3 years survival; HCCB). In the latter, higher levels of phosphorylated YAP1-ser127, YAP1-tyr357 and p73, YAP1 ubiquitination, and Caspase 3 cleavage occurred. Expression of stemness markers NANOG, OCT-3/4, and CD133 were highest in HCCP and correlated with YAP1 and YAP1-TEAD levels. In HepG2, Huh7, and Hep3B cells, forced YAP1 over-expression led to stem cell markers expression and increased cell viability, whereas inhibition of YAP1 expression by specific siRNA, or transfection of mutant YAP1 which does not bind to TEAD, induced opposite alterations. These changes were associated, in Huh7 cells transfected with YAP1 or YAP1 siRNA, with stimulation or inhibition of cell migration and invasivity, respectively. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis showed that YAP1 transfection in Huh7 cells induces over-expression of genes involved in tumor stemness. In conclusion, Yap1 post-translational modifications favoring its ubiquitination and apoptosis characterize HCC with better prognosis, whereas conditions favoring the formation of YAP1-TEAD complexes are associated with aggressiveness and acquisition of stemness features by HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Simile
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gavinella Latte
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria I. Demartis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefania Brozzetti
- Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni”, University of Rome ‘Sapienza’', Rome, Italy
| | - Diego F. Calvisi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Porcu
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Claudio F. Feo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria A. Seddaiu
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Lucia Daino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carmen Berasain
- Division of Hepatology, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria L. Tomasi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matias A. Avila
- Division of Hepatology, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francesco Feo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rosa M. Pascale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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22
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Ling C, Yin Z, Li J, Zhang D, Aslanidi G, Srivastava A. Strategies to generate high-titer, high-potency recombinant AAV3 serotype vectors. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2016; 3:16029. [PMID: 27200382 PMCID: PMC4856060 DOI: 10.1038/mtm.2016.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 3 (AAV3) vectors were largely ignored previously, owing to their poor transduction efficiency in most cells and tissues examined, our initial observation of the selective tropism of AAV3 serotype vectors for human liver cancer cell lines and primary human hepatocytes has led to renewed interest in this serotype. AAV3 vectors and their variants have recently proven to be extremely efficient in targeting human and nonhuman primate hepatocytes in vitro as well as in vivo. In the present studies, we wished to evaluate the relative contributions of the cis-acting inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) from AAV3 (ITR3), as well as the trans-acting Rep proteins from AAV3 (Rep3) in the AAV3 vector production and transduction. To this end, we utilized two helper plasmids: pAAVr2c3, which carries rep2 and cap3 genes, and pAAVr3c3, which carries rep3 and cap3 genes. The combined use of AAV3 ITRs, AAV3 Rep proteins, and AAV3 capsids led to the production of recombinant vectors, AAV3-Rep3/ITR3, with up to approximately two to fourfold higher titers than AAV3-Rep2/ITR2 vectors produced using AAV2 ITRs, AAV2 Rep proteins, and AAV3 capsids. We also observed that the transduction efficiency of Rep3/ITR3 AAV3 vectors was approximately fourfold higher than that of Rep2/ITR2 AAV3 vectors in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines in vitro. The transduction efficiency of Rep3/ITR3 vectors was increased by ~10-fold, when AAV3 capsids containing mutations in two surface-exposed residues (serine 663 and threonine 492) were used to generate a S663V+T492V double-mutant AAV3 vector. The Rep3/ITR3 AAV3 vectors also transduced human liver tumors in vivo approximately twofold more efficiently than those generated with Rep2/ITR2. Our data suggest that the transduction efficiency of AAV3 vectors can be significantly improved both using homologous Rep proteins and ITRs as well as by capsid optimization. Thus, the combined use of homologous Rep proteins, ITRs, and capsids should also lead to more efficacious other AAV serotype vectors for their optimal use in human gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ling
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Shands Cancer Center; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Zifei Yin
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics; University of Florida College of Medicine , Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics; University of Florida College of Medicine , Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel Zhang
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics; University of Florida College of Medicine , Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - George Aslanidi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Powell Gene Therapy Center; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Shands Cancer Center; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Genetics Institute; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology; University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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23
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Zhou J, Ma P, Li J, Cui X, Song W. Improvement of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against hepatocellular carcinoma by transduction of cancer cells with an adeno-associated virus carrying the interferon-γ gene. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3197-205. [PMID: 26936017 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based antigen-targeted immunotherapy may offer effective adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in which cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are key. However, in a number of cases, the activity of CTLs is completely inhibited due to the downregulated expression of major human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules by HCC cells. The aim of the present study was to overcome this issue. Hep3B cells were transduced by HCC‑specific recombinant adeno‑associated virus (rAAV) carrying human α‑fetoprotein promoter (AFPp) and the interferon‑γ (IFN‑γ) gene (rAAV/AFPp‑IFN‑γ). rAAV carrying the cytomegalovirus promoter (CMVp) and human α‑fetoprotein (AFP) gene (rAAV/CMVp‑AFP) was used to transduce professional antigen‑presenting DCs for the purpose of stimulating a CTL response. It was observed that transduction of DCs with rAAV/CMVp‑AFP resulted in: (i) AFP and interleukin‑12 expression; (ii) high expression levels of cluster of differentiation (CD)80, CD83, CD86, CD40, HLA‑death receptor and CD1a; (iii) T cell populations with marked IFN‑γ expression; (iv) a high percentage of CD69+/CD8+ T cells; and (v) the activity of CTLs against HLA‑A2‑expressing Hep3B cells. The transduction of Hep3B cells with rAAV/AFPp‑IFN‑γ resulted in: (i) IFN‑γ expression; (ii) upregulated expression of HLA‑A2; and (iii) an improved CTL response against HLA‑A2‑deficient Hep3B cells. rAAV/CMVp‑AFP‑transduced DCs elicited an AFP‑specific and HLA‑class I‑restricted CTL response against Hep3B cells. In conclusion, it was shown that the transduction of Hep3B with rAAV/AFPp-IFN-γ upregulated the expression of HLA-A2 and improved the sensitivity to CTL response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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24
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Li S, Ling C, Zhong L, Li M, Su Q, He R, Tang Q, Greiner DL, Shultz LD, Brehm MA, Flotte TR, Mueller C, Srivastava A, Gao G. Efficient and Targeted Transduction of Nonhuman Primate Liver With Systemically Delivered Optimized AAV3B Vectors. Mol Ther 2015; 23:1867-76. [PMID: 26403887 PMCID: PMC4700112 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 3B (rAAV3B) can transduce cultured human liver cancer cells and primary human hepatocytes efficiently. Serine (S)- and threonine (T)-directed capsid modifications further augment its transduction efficiency. Systemically delivered capsid-optimized rAAV3B vectors can specifically target cancer cells in a human liver cancer xenograft model, suggesting their potential use for human liver-directed gene therapy. Here, we compared transduction efficiencies of AAV3B and AAV8 vectors in cultured primary human hepatocytes and cancer cells as well as in human and mouse hepatocytes in a human liver xenograft NSG-PiZ mouse model. We also examined the safety and transduction efficacy of wild-type (WT) and capsid-optimized rAAV3B in the livers of nonhuman primates (NHPs). Intravenously delivered S663V+T492V (ST)-modified self-complementary (sc) AAV3B-EGFP vectors led to liver-targeted robust enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) expression in NHPs without apparent hepatotoxicity. Intravenous injections of both WT and ST-modified rAAV3B.ST-rhCG vectors also generated stable super-physiological levels of rhesus chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG) in NHPs. The vector genome predominantly targeted the liver. Clinical chemistry and histopathology examinations showed no apparent vector-related toxicity. Our studies should be important and informative for clinical development of optimized AAV3B vectors for human liver-directed gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyong Li
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiology Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chen Ling
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Li Zhong
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mengxin Li
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiology Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qin Su
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ran He
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiushi Tang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dale L Greiner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Michael A Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Terence R Flotte
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christian Mueller
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiology Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Identification of an adeno-associated virus binding epitope for AVB sepharose affinity resin. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2015; 2:15040. [PMID: 26605372 PMCID: PMC4632836 DOI: 10.1038/mtm.2015.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent successes of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy have created a demand for large-scale AAV vector manufacturing and purification techniques for use in clinical trials and beyond. During the development of purification protocols for rh.10, hu.37, AAV8, rh.64R1, AAV3B, and AAV9 vectors, based on a widely used affinity resin, AVB sepharose (GE), we found that, under the same conditions, different serotypes have different affinities to the resin, with AAV3B binding the best and AAV9 the poorest. Further analysis revealed a surface-exposed residue (amino acid number 665 in AAV8 VP1 numbering) differs between the high-affinity AAV serotypes (serine in AAV3B, rh.10, and hu.37) and the low-affinity ones (asparagine in AAV8, rh.64R1, and AAV9). The residue locates within a surface-exposed, variable epitope flanked by highly conserved residues. The substitution of the epitope in AAV8, rh.64R1, and AAV9 with the corresponding epitope of AAV3B (SPAKFA) resulted in greatly increased affinity to AVB sepharose with no reduction in the vectors' in vitro potency. The presence of the newly identified AVB-binding epitope will be useful for affinity resin selection for the purification of novel AAV serotypes. It also suggests the possibility of vector engineering to yield a universal affinity chromatography purification method for multiple AAV serotypes.
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26
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Development of novel AAV serotype 6 based vectors with selective tropism for human cancer cells. Gene Ther 2015; 23:18-25. [PMID: 26270885 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2015.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Viral vectors-based gene therapy is an attractive alternative to common anti-cancer treatments. In the present studies, AAV serotype 6 vectors were identified to be particularly effective in the transduction of human prostate (PC3), breast (T47D) and liver (Huh7) cancer cells. Next, we developed chimeric AAV vectors with Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide incorporated into the viral capsid to enable specific targeting of integrin-overexpressing malignant cells. These AAV6-RGD vectors improved transduction efficiency approximately 3-fold compared with wild-type AAV6 vectors by enhancing the viral entry into the cells. We also observed that transduction efficiency significantly improved, up to approximately 5-fold, by the mutagenesis of surface-exposed tyrosine and threonine residues involved in the intracellular trafficking of AAV vectors. Therefore, in our study, the AAV6-Y705-731F+T492V vector was identified as the most efficient. The combination of RGD peptide, tyrosine and threonine mutations on the same AAV6 capsid further increased the transduction efficiency, approximately 8-fold in vitro. In addition, we mutated lysine (K531E) to impair the affinity of AAV6 vectors to heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Finally, we showed a significant increase in both specificity and efficiency of AAV6-RGD-Y705-731F+T492V+K531E vectors in a xenograft animal model in vivo. In summary, the approach described here can lead to the development of AAV vectors with selective tropism to human cancer cells.
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27
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Ling C, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ejjigani A, Yin Z, Lu Y, Wang L, Wang M, Li J, Hu Z, Aslanidi GV, Zhong L, Gao G, Srivastava A, Ling C. Selective in vivo targeting of human liver tumors by optimized AAV3 vectors in a murine xenograft model. Hum Gene Ther 2015; 25:1023-34. [PMID: 25296041 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2014.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Current challenges for recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector-based cancer treatment include the low efficiency and the lack of specificity in vivo. rAAV serotype 3 (rAAV3) vectors have previously been shown to be ineffective in normal mouse tissues following systemic administration. In the present study, we report that rAAV3 vectors can efficiently target and transduce various human liver cancer cells in vivo. Elimination of specific surface-exposed serine and threonine residues on rAAV3 capsids results in further augmentation in the transduction efficiency of these vectors, without any change in the viral tropism and cellular receptor interactions. In addition, we have identified a potential chemotherapy drug, shikonin, as a multifunctional compound to inhibit liver tumor growth as well as to significantly enhance the efficacy of rAAV vector-based gene therapy in vivo. Furthermore, we also document that suppression of tumorigenesis in a human liver cancer xenograft model can be achieved through systemic administration of the optimized rAAV3 vectors carrying a therapeutic gene, and shikonin at a dose that does not lead to liver damage. Our research provides a novel means to achieve not only targeted delivery but also the potential for gene therapy of human liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ling
- 1 Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine , Gainesville, FL 32611
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28
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Luo J, Luo Y, Sun J, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Yang X. Adeno-associated virus-mediated cancer gene therapy: current status. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:347-56. [PMID: 25444906 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy is one of the frontiers of modern medicine. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy is becoming a promising approach to treat a variety of diseases and cancers. AAV-mediated cancer gene therapies have rapidly advanced due to their superiority to other gene-carrying vectors, such as the lack of pathogenicity, the ability to transfect both dividing and non-dividing cells, low host immune response, and long-term expression. This article reviews and provides up to date knowledge on AAV-mediated cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Luo
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jihong Sun
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yurong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun Road NO.3, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Intervention Research, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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29
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Kankotia S, Stacpoole PW. Dichloroacetate and cancer: new home for an orphan drug? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:617-29. [PMID: 25157892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed the anti-cancer effects of DCA, an orphan drug long used as an investigational treatment for various acquired and congenital disorders of mitochondrial intermediary metabolism. Inhibition by DCA of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases and subsequent reactivation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and oxidative phosphorylation is the common mechanism accounting for the drug's anti-neoplastic effects. At least two fundamental changes in tumor metabolism are induced by DCA that antagonize tumor growth, metastases and survival: the first is the redirection of glucose metabolism from glycolysis to oxidation (reversal of the Warburg effect), leading to inhibition of proliferation and induction of caspase-mediated apoptosis. These effects have been replicated in both human cancer cell lines and in tumor implants of diverse germ line origin. The second fundamental change is the oxidative removal of lactate, via pyruvate, and the co-incident buffering of hydrogen ions by dehydrogenases located in the mitochondrial matrix. Preclinical studies demonstrate that DCA has additive or synergistic effects when used in combination with standard agents designed to modify tumor oxidative stress, vascular remodeling, DNA integrity or immunity. These findings and limited clinical results suggest that potentially fruitful areas for additional clinical trials include 1) adult and pediatric high grade astrocytomas; 2) BRAF-mutant cancers, such as melanoma, perhaps combined with other pro-oxidants; 3) tumors in which resistance to standard platinum-class drugs alone may be overcome with combination therapy; and 4) tumors of endodermal origin, in which extensive experimental research has demonstrated significant anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic effects of DCA, leading to improved host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Kankotia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Peter W Stacpoole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
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30
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Messina EL, Nienaber J, Daneshmand M, Villamizar N, Samulski J, Milano C, Bowles DE. Adeno-associated viral vectors based on serotype 3b use components of the fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling complex for efficient transduction. Hum Gene Ther 2012; 23:1031-42. [PMID: 22680698 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2012.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus type 3b (AAV3b) has been largely ignored by gene therapists because of the inability of vectors based on this serotype to transduce target tissues efficiently. Here we describe a phenomenon unique to AAV3b in that vectors based on this serotype mediate enhanced transduction in the presence of heparin. Among the many biological functions attributed to heparin, its interaction with, and ability to regulate, several growth factors (GFs) and growth factor receptors (GFRs) has been well characterized. Using GFR-overexpressing cell lines, soluble GFs and heparins, as well as specific GFR inhibitors, we have demonstrated a requirement for fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 (FGFR2) and FGF1 in the heparin-mediated augmentation of AAV3b vector transduction. In contrast to AAV2, we establish that heparin can be used as an adjunct with AAV3b to further increase transduction in a variety of cells and target tissues, additionally suggesting that AAV3b may be an attractive viral vector for clinical use during procedures in which heparin is used. In summary, AAV3b exhibits FGFR2-dependent, markedly enhanced transduction efficiency in the presence of heparin and FGFs, which could make it a useful vector for gene therapy in a variety of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Messina
- Cardiothoracic Division, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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31
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Wang Y, Ling C, Song L, Wang L, Aslanidi GV, Tan M, Ling C, Srivastava A. Limitations of encapsidation of recombinant self-complementary adeno-associated viral genomes in different serotype capsids and their quantitation. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2012; 23:225-33. [PMID: 22966785 PMCID: PMC4015078 DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2012.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that self-complementary adeno-associated virus (scAAV) type 2 genomes of up to 3.3 kb can be successfully encapsidated into AAV2 serotype capsids. Here we report that such oversized AAV2 genomes fail to undergo packaging in other AAV serotype capsids, such as AAV1, AAV3, AAV6, and AAV8, as determined by Southern blot analyses of the vector genomes, although hybridization signals on quantitative DNA slot-blots could still be obtained. Recently, it has been reported that quantitative real-time PCR assays may result in substantial differences in determining titers of scAAV vectors depending on the distance between the primer sets and the terminal hairpin structure in the scAAV genomes. We also observed that the vector titers determined by the standard DNA slot-blot assays were highly dependent on the specific probe being used, with probes hybridizing to the ends of viral genomes being significantly overrepresented compared with the probes hybridizing close to the middle of the viral genomes. These differences among various probes were not observed using Southern blot assays. This overestimation of titer is a systemic error during scAAV genome quantification, regardless of viral genome sequences and capsid serotypes. Furthermore, different serotypes capsid and modification of capsid sequence may affect the ability of packaging intact, full-length AAV genomes. Although the discrepancy is modest with wild-type serotype capsid and short viral genomes, the measured titer could be as much as fivefold different with capsid mutant vectors and large genomes. Thus, based on our data, we suggest that Southern blot analyses should be performed routinely to more accurately determine the titers of recombinant AAV vectors. At the very least, the use of probes/primers hybridizing close to the mutant inverted terminal repeat in scAAV genomes is recommended to avoid possible overestimation of vector titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Chen Ling
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Liujiang Song
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Xiangya Biomedicine, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - George V. Aslanidi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Mengqun Tan
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Xiangya Biomedicine, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Changquan Ling
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Arun Srivastava
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
- Powell Gene Therapy Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610
- Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610
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32
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Nonnenmacher M, Weber T. Intracellular transport of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors. Gene Ther 2012; 19:649-58. [PMID: 22357511 PMCID: PMC4465241 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2012.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors (rAAVs) have been widely used for gene delivery in animal models, and are currently evaluated for human gene therapy after successful clinical trials in the treatment of inherited, degenerative or acquired diseases, such as Leber congenital amaurosis, Parkinson disease or heart failure. However, limitations in vector tropism, such as limited tissue specificity and insufficient transduction efficiencies of particular tissues and cell types, still preclude therapeutic applications in certain tissues. Wild-type adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are defective viruses that require the presence of a helper virus to complete their life cycle. On the one hand, this unique property makes AAV vectors one of the safest available viral vectors for gene delivery. On the other, it also represents a potential obstacle because rAAV vectors have to overcome several biological barriers in the absence of a helper virus to transduce successfully a cell. Consequently, a better understanding of the cellular roadblocks that limit rAAV gene delivery is crucial and, during the last 15 years, numerous studies resulted in an expanding body of knowledge of the intracellular trafficking pathways of rAAV vectors. This review describes our current understanding of the mechanisms involved in rAAV attachment to target cells, endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, capsid processing, nuclear import and genome release with an emphasis on the most recent discoveries in the field and the emerging strategies used to improve the efficiency of AAV-derived vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nonnenmacher
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Zhong L, Jayandharan GR, Aslanidi GV, Zolotukhin S, Herzog RW, Srivastava A. Development of Novel Recombinant AAV Vectors and Strategies for the Potential Gene Therapy of Hemophilia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; S1. [PMID: 23264889 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7412.s1-008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant vectors based on a non-pathogenic human parvovirus, the adeno-associated virus (AAV), have gained attention as a potentially safe and useful alternative to the more commonly used retroviral and adenoviral vectors. AAV vectors are currently in use in Phase I/II clinical trials for gene therapy of a number of diseases such as cystic fibrosis, α-1 antitrypsin deficiency, muscular dystrophy, Batten's disease, and Parkinson's disease, and have shown efficacy in patients with Leber's congenital amaurosis, and hemophilia B. For patients with hemophilia B, however, relatively large vector doses are needed to achieve therapeutic benefits. Large vector doses also trigger an immune response as significant fraction of the vectors fails to traffic efficiently to the nucleus, and is targeted for degradation by the host cell proteasome machinery. With a better understanding of the various steps in the life cycle of AAV vectors, strategies leading to the development of novel AAV vectors that are capable of high-efficiency transduction at lower doses are needed. In this review, we summarize our strategies to develop novel AAV vectors for the potential gene therapy of both hemophilia B and hemophilia A, based on our recent studies on the basic molecular biology of AAV. These strategies, including the development of novel AAV vectors by site-directed mutagenesis of critical surface-exposed tyrosine residues on AAV2 capsids to circumvent the ubiquitination step and the use of different AAV serotypes and self-complementary (sc) AAV2 vectors, and their use as helper vectors to circumvent the obstacles of second-strand DNA synthesis of single-stranded (ss) AAV, should dramatically accelerate the progress towards the potential gene therapy of both hemophilia A and hemophilia B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhong
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA ; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Lerch TF, Chapman MS. Identification of the heparin binding site on adeno-associated virus serotype 3B (AAV-3B). Virology 2011; 423:6-13. [PMID: 22169623 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus is a promising vector for gene therapy. In the current study, the binding site on AAV serotype 3B for the heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) receptor has been characterized. X-ray diffraction identified a disaccharide binding site at the most positively charged region on the virus surface. The contributions of basic amino acids at this and other sites were characterized using site-directed mutagenesis. Both heparin and cell binding are correlated to positive charge at the disaccharide binding site, and transduction is significantly decreased in AAV-3B vectors mutated at this site to reduce heparin binding. While the receptor attachment sites of AAV-3B and AAV-2 are both in the general vicinity of the viral spikes, the exact amino acids that participate in electrostatic interactions are distinct. Diversity in the mechanisms of cell attachment by AAV serotypes will be an important consideration for the rational design of improved gene therapy vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Lerch
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
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Raj D, Davidoff AM, Nathwani AC. Self-complementary adeno-associated viral vectors for gene therapy of hemophilia B: progress and challenges. Expert Rev Hematol 2011; 4:539-49. [PMID: 21939421 PMCID: PMC3200187 DOI: 10.1586/ehm.11.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Therapies currently used for hemophilia involve injection of protein concentrates that are expensive, invasive and associated with side effects such as development of neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) that diminish therapeutic efficacy. Gene transfer is an attractive alternative to circumvent these issues. However, until now, clinical trials using gene therapy to treat hemophilia have failed to demonstrate sustained efficacy, although a vector based on a self-complementary adeno-associated virus has recently shown promise. This article will briefly outline a novel gene-transfer approach using self-complementary adeno-associated viral vectors using hemophilia B as a target disorder. This approach is currently being evaluated in the clinic. We will provide an overview of the development of self-complementary adeno-associated virus vectors as well as preclinical and clinical data with this vector system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Raj
- Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Andrew M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Amit C Nathwani
- Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- NHS Blood and Transplant, London, UK
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Cheng B, Ling C, Dai Y, Lu Y, Glushakova LG, Gee SWY, McGoogan KE, Aslanidi GV, Park M, Stacpoole PW, Siemann D, Liu C, Srivastava A, Ling C. Development of optimized AAV3 serotype vectors: mechanism of high-efficiency transduction of human liver cancer cells. Gene Ther 2011; 19:375-84. [PMID: 21776025 PMCID: PMC3519243 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2011.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our recent studies have revealed that among the 10 different commonly used adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes, AAV3 vectors transduce human liver cancer cells extremely efficiently because these cells express high levels of human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (hHGFR), and AAV3 utilizes hHGFR as a cellular co-receptor for viral entry. In this report, we provide further evidence that both extracellular as well as intracellular kinase domains of hHGFR are involved in AAV3 vector entry and AAV3-mediated transgene expression. We also document that AAV3 vectors are targeted for degradation by the host cell proteasome machinery, and that site-directed mutagenesis of surface-exposed tyrosine (Y) to phenylalanine (F) residues on AAV3 capsids significantly improves the transduction efficiency of Y701F, Y705F and Y731F mutant AAV3 vectors. The transduction efficiency of the Y705+731F double-mutant vector is significantly higher than each of the single mutants in liver cancer cells in vitro. In immunodeficient mouse xenograft models, direct intratumoral injection of AAV3 vectors also led to high-efficiency transduction of human liver tumor cells in vivo. We also document here that the optimized tyrosine-mutant AAV3 vectors lead to increased transduction efficiency following both intratumoral and tail-vein injections in vivo. The optimized tyrosine-mutant AAV3 serotype vectors containing proapoptotic genes should prove useful for the potential gene therapy of human liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cheng
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Departments of Pediatics and Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610-3633, USA
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Ling C, Lu Y, Kalsi JK, Jayandharan GR, Li B, Ma W, Cheng B, Gee SWY, McGoogan KE, Govindasamy L, Zhong L, Agbandje-McKenna M, Srivastava A. Human hepatocyte growth factor receptor is a cellular coreceptor for adeno-associated virus serotype 3. Hum Gene Ther 2011; 21:1741-7. [PMID: 20545554 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2010.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) use a variety of cellular receptors/coreceptors to gain entry into cells. A number of AAV serotypes are now available, and the cognate receptors/coreceptors for only a handful of those have been identified thus far. Of the 10 commonly used AAV serotypes, AAV3 is by far the least efficient in transducing cells in general. However, in our more recent studies, we observed that AAV3 vectors transduced human liver cancer cells remarkably well, which led to the hypothesis that AAV3 uses hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) as a cellular coreceptor for viral entry. AAV3 infection of human liver cancer cell lines was strongly inhibited by hepatocyte growth factor, HGFR-specific small interfering RNA, and anti-HGFR antibody, which corroborated this hypothesis. However, AAV3 vectors failed to transduce murine hepatocytes, both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that AAV3 specifically uses human HGFR, but not murine HGFR, as a cellular coreceptor for transduction. AAV3 may prove to be a useful vector for targeting human liver cancers for the potential gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, 32611, USA
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Ling C, Lu Y, Cheng B, McGoogan KE, Gee SWY, Ma W, Li B, Aslanidi GV, Srivastava A. High-efficiency transduction of liver cancer cells by recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 3 vectors. J Vis Exp 2011:2538. [PMID: 21445055 PMCID: PMC3197307 DOI: 10.3791/2538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant vectors based on a non-pathogenic human parvovirus, the adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) have been developed, and are currently in use in a number of gene therapy clinical trials. More recently, a number of additional AAV serotypes have also been isolated, which have been shown to exhibit selective tissue-tropism in various small and large animal models1. Of the 10 most commonly used AAV serotypes, AAV3 is by far the least efficient in transducing cells and tissues in vitro as well as in vivo. However, in our recently published studies, we have documented that AAV3 vectors transduce human liver cancer - hepatoblastoma (HB) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) - cell lines extremely efficiently because AAV3 utilizes human hepatocyte growth factor receptor as a cellular co-receptor for binding and entry in these cells2,3. In this article, we describe the steps required to achieve high-efficiency transduction of human liver cancer cells by recombinant AAV3 vectors carrying a reporter gene. The use of recombinant AAV3 vectors carrying a therapeutic gene may eventually lead to the potential gene therapy of liver cancers in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ling
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, University of Florida, USA
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Cui Y, Piao CS, Ha KC, Kim DS, Lee GH, Kim HK, Chae SW, Lee YC, Park SJ, Yoo WH, Kim HR, Chae HJ. Measuring adriamycin-induced cardiac hemodynamic dysfunction with a proteomics approach. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2010; 32:376-86. [DOI: 10.3109/08923970903440168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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