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Hartwig Bessa M, Silva Gottschalk M, Jaqueline Robe L. Whole genome phylogenomics helps to resolve the phylogenetic position of the Zygothrica genus group (Diptera, Drosophilidae) and the causes of previous incongruences. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024:108158. [PMID: 39025321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Incomplete Lineage Sorting (ILS) and introgression are among the two main factors causing incongruence between gene and species trees. Advances in phylogenomic studies have allowed us to overcome most of these issues, providing reliable phylogenetic hypotheses while revealing the underlying evolutionary scenario. Across the last century, many incongruent phylogenetic reconstructions were recovered for Drosophilidae, employing a limited sampling of genetic markers or species. In these studies, the monophyly and the phylogenetic positioning of the Zygothrica genus group stood out as one of the most controversial questions. Thus, here, we addressed these issues using a phylogenomic approach, while accessing the influence of ILS and introgressions on the diversification of these species and addressing the spatio-temporal scenario associated with their evolution. For this task, the genomes of nine specimens from six Neotropical species belonging to the Zygothrica genus group were sequenced and evaluated in a phylogenetic framework encompassing other 39 species of Drosophilidae. Nucleotide and amino acid sequences recovered for a set of 2,534 single-copy genes by BUSCO were employed to reconstruct maximum likelihood (ML) concatenated and multi-species coalescent (MSC) trees. Likelihood mapping, quartet sampling, and reticulation tests were employed to infer the level and causes of incongruence. Lastly, a penalized-likelihood molecular clock strategy with fossil calibrations was performed to infer divergence times. Taken together, our results recovered the subdivision of Drosophila into six different lineages, one of which clusters species of the Zygothrica genus group (except for H. duncani). The divergence of this lineage was dated to Oligocene ∼ 31 Mya and seems to have occurred in the same timeframe as other key diversification within Drosophila. According to the concatenated and MSC strategies, this lineage is sister to the clade joining Drosophila (Siphlodora) with the Hawaiian Drosophila and Scaptomyza. Likelihood mapping, quartet sampling, reticulation reconstructions as well as introgression tests revealed that this lineage was the target of several hybridization events involving the ancestors of different Drosophila lineages. Thus, our results generally show introgression as a major source of previous incongruence. Nevertheless, the similar diversification times recovered for several of the Neotropical Drosophila lineages also support the scenario of multiple and simultaneous diversifications taking place at the base of Drosophilidae phylogeny, at least in the Neotropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiara Hartwig Bessa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal (PPGBA), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
| | - Marco Silva Gottschalk
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal (PPGBDiv), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Brazil
| | - Lizandra Jaqueline Robe
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal (PPGBA), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil.
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2
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Dos Santos CH, Gustani EC, Machado LPDB, Mateus RP. Dietary Variation Effect on Life History Traits and Energy Storage in Neotropical Species of Drosophila (Diptera; Drosophilidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:578-595. [PMID: 38687423 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01147-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The ability of an organism to respond to nutritional stress can be a plastic character under the action of natural selection, affecting several characteristics, including life history and energy storage. The genus Drosophila (Diptera; Drosophilidae) presents high variability regarding natural resource exploration. However, most works on this theme have studied the model species D. melanogaster Meigen, 1830 and little is known about Neotropical drosophilids. Here we evaluate the effects of three diets, with different carbohydrate-to-protein ratios, on life history (viability and development time) and metabolic pools (triglycerides, glycogen, and total soluble protein contents) of three Neotropical species of Drosophila: D. maculifrons Duda, 1927; D. ornatifrons Duda, 1927, both of the subgenus Drosophila Sturtevant, 1939, and D. willistoni Sturtevant, 1916 of the subgenus Sophophora Sturtevant, 1939. Our results showed that only D. willistoni was viable on all diets, D. maculifrons was not viable on the sugary diet, while D. ornatifrons was barely viable on this diet. The sugary diet increased the development time of D. willistoni and D. ornatifrons, and D. willistoni glycogen content. Thus, the viability of D. maculifrons and D. ornatifrons seems to depend on a certain amount of protein and/or a low concentration of carbohydrate in the diet. A more evident effect of the diets on triglyceride and protein pools was detected in D. ornatifrons, which could be related to the adult attraction to dung and carrion baited pitfall as food resource tested in nature. Our results demonstrated that the evolutionary history and differential adaptations to natural macronutrient resources are important to define the amplitude of response that a species can present when faced with dietary variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Heloise Dos Santos
- Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, Biological Sciences Department, UNICENTRO, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Paes de Barros Machado
- Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, Biological Sciences Department, UNICENTRO, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics and Evolution, Biological Sciences Department, UNICENTRO, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - Rogério Pincela Mateus
- Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, Biological Sciences Department, UNICENTRO, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Genetics and Evolution, Biological Sciences Department, UNICENTRO, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil.
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3
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Antoniolli HRM, Carvalho TL, Gottschalk MS, Loreto ELS, Robe LJ, Depr M. Systematics and spatio-temporal evolutionary patterns of the flavopilosa group of Drosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 2024; 5399:1-18. [PMID: 38221179 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5399.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The Drosophila flavopilosa group comprises morphologically cryptic species that are ecologically restricted to feeding, breeding and ovipositing on flowers of Cestrum and Sessea (Solanaceae). Previous studies confirmed the monophyly of the group and the success of DNA barcoding in identifying a subset of its species, but several others remain yet to be evaluated. Furthemore, the taxonomy of the group remains incomplete, with only nine of the 17 species assigned to subgroups. Here, we accessed the phylogenetic relationships and spatio-temporal evolutionary patterns of the flavopilosa group based on a mitochondrial and two nuclear genes, providing the first molecular support to the subdivision of the group and suggesting a new taxonomic scheme for its species. Barcoding proved to be an effective tool, as all species were reciprocally monophyletic and different analyses of species delimitation yielded congruent results. The close relationship of D. flavopilosa with D. cestri and D. cordeiroi was strongly supported, suggesting that the latter should be placed in the flavopilosa subgroup together with the first. Furthermore, D. mariaehelenae was positioned as sister to D. incompta, supporting its inclusion in the nesiota subgroup. Despite new taxonomic assignments, the synapomorphic status of the diagnostic characters proposed for both subgroups was supported. Based on them, each of the remaining species were placed into one of both subgroups. Divergence time estimates suggest that their diversification coincided with the divergence of Sessea and Cestrum, providing an interesting case of coevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique R M Antoniolli
- Programa de Ps-Graduao em Biologia Animal; Instituto de Biocincias; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre; RS; Brazil.
| | - Tuane L Carvalho
- Programa de Ps-Graduao em Biodiversidade Animal; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria; RS; Brazil.
| | - Marco S Gottschalk
- Programa de Ps-Graduao em Gentica e Biologia Molecular; Instituto de Biocincias; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre; RS; Brazil.
| | - Elgion L S Loreto
- Departamento de Ecologia; Zoologia e Gentica; Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel); Pelotas; RS; Brazil.
| | - Lizandra J Robe
- Programa de Ps-Graduao em Biodiversidade Animal; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria; RS; Brazil.
| | - Marndia Depr
- Programa de Ps-Graduao em Gentica e Biologia Molecular; Instituto de Biocincias; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Porto Alegre; RS; Brazil.
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4
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Maciel VQ, Burlamaqui TCT, Santa-Brgida R, Santos RDECO, Martins MB. A new species of the Drosophila tripunctata group (Diptera: Drosophilidae) associated with fallen flowers of six Lecythidaceae species in the Amazon Rainforest. Zootaxa 2023; 5374:35-50. [PMID: 38220874 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5374.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The tripunctata group falls under the subgenus Drosophila Falln, 1823 of the genus Drosophila Falln, 1823, and is composed of four subgroups and 17 species not assigned to subgroups. This group is widely distributed throughout tropical regions and is predominantly found in preserved forest environments. With a predicted high number of cryptic species, the occurrence of intraspecific morphological polymorphisms made it difficult to establish lines in the laboratory. The capture of males for comparison of the terminalia makes it hard to identify and delimit species; however, these difficulties can be overcome through the use of techniques such as searching for species in naturally occurring places, establishing isofemale lines in the laboratory, or using molecular techniques. In this work, we search for imagoes of species of the tripunctata group over present fallen flowers of the Lecythidaceae on the ground of the Amazon rainforest. The collected individuals were morphologically and molecularly analyzed. This species is described here under the binomial Drosophila lecythus sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincius Queiroz Maciel
- Programa de Ps-graduao em Biodiversidade e Evoluo; Museu Paraense Emlio Goeldi (MPEG); Belm; PA; Brasil.
| | | | - Rosngela Santa-Brgida
- Programa de Ps-graduao em Biodiversidade e Evoluo; Museu Paraense Emlio Goeldi (MPEG); Belm; PA; Brasil.
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Grimaldi DA. The Drosophila funebris Species Group in North America (Diptera: Drosophilidae). AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1206/3988.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Grimaldi
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History
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6
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Bessa MH, Ré FCD, Moura RDD, Loreto EL, Robe LJ. Comparative mitogenomics of Drosophilidae and the evolution of the Zygothrica genus group (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Genetica 2021; 149:267-281. [PMID: 34609625 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-021-00132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Zygothrica genus group of Drosophilidae encompasses more than 437 species and five genera. Although knowledge regarding its diversity has increased, uncertainties about its monophyly and position within Drosophilidae remain. Genomic approaches have been widely used to address different phylogenetic questions and analyses involving the mitogenome have revealed a cost-efficient tool to these studies. Thus, this work aims to characterize mitogenomes of three species of the Zygothrica genus group (from the Hirtodrosophila, Paraliodrosophila and Zygothrica genera), while comparing them with orthologous sequences from other 23 Drosophilidae species and addressing their phylogenetic position. General content concerning gene order and overlap, nucleotide composition, start and stop codon, codon usage and tRNA structures were compared, and phylogenetic trees were constructed under different datasets. The complete mitogenomes characterized for H. subflavohalterata affinis H002 and P. antennta present the PanCrustacea gene order with 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 13 protein coding genes and an A+T rich region with two T-stretched elements. Some peculiarities such as the almost complete overlap of genes tRNAH/ND4, tRNAF/ND5 and tRNAS2/ND1 are reported for different Drosophilidae species. Non-canonical secondary structures were encountered for tRNAS1 and tRNAY, revealing patterns that apply at different phylogenetic scales. According to the best depiction of the mitogenomes evolutionary history, the three Neotropical species of the Zygothrica genus group encompass a monophyletic lineage sister to Zaprionus, composing with this genus a clade that is sister to the Drosophila subgenus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiara Hartwig Bessa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Francine Cenzi de Ré
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dias de Moura
- Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Elgion Lucio Loreto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lizandra Jaqueline Robe
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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7
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Finet C, Kassner VA, Carvalho AB, Chung H, Day JP, Day S, Delaney EK, De Ré FC, Dufour HD, Dupim E, Izumitani HF, Gautério TB, Justen J, Katoh T, Kopp A, Koshikawa S, Longdon B, Loreto EL, Nunes MDS, Raja KKB, Rebeiz M, Ritchie MG, Saakyan G, Sneddon T, Teramoto M, Tyukmaeva V, Vanderlinde T, Wey EE, Werner T, Williams TM, Robe LJ, Toda MJ, Marlétaz F. DrosoPhyla: Resources for Drosophilid Phylogeny and Systematics. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:evab179. [PMID: 34343293 PMCID: PMC8382681 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster is a pivotal model for invertebrate development, genetics, physiology, neuroscience, and disease. The whole family Drosophilidae, which contains over 4,400 species, offers a plethora of cases for comparative and evolutionary studies. Despite a long history of phylogenetic inference, many relationships remain unresolved among the genera, subgenera, and species groups in the Drosophilidae. To clarify these relationships, we first developed a set of new genomic markers and assembled a multilocus data set of 17 genes from 704 species of Drosophilidae. We then inferred a species tree with highly supported groups for this family. Additionally, we were able to determine the phylogenetic position of some previously unplaced species. These results establish a new framework for investigating the evolution of traits in fruit flies, as well as valuable resources for systematics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Finet
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Victoria A Kassner
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Antonio B Carvalho
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Henry Chung
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, USA
| | - Jonathan P Day
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Day
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Emily K Delaney
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California-Davis, USA
| | - Francine C De Ré
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Héloïse D Dufour
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Eduardo Dupim
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hiroyuki F Izumitani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Thaísa B Gautério
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jessa Justen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Toru Katoh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Artyom Kopp
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California-Davis, USA
| | - Shigeyuki Koshikawa
- The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Ben Longdon
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Elgion L Loreto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria D S Nunes
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, United Kingdom
- Centre for Functional Genomics, Oxford Brookes University, United Kingdom
| | - Komal K B Raja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, USA
| | - Mark Rebeiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | - Gayane Saakyan
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California-Davis, USA
| | - Tanya Sneddon
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Machiko Teramoto
- The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan
| | | | - Thyago Vanderlinde
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emily E Wey
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, USA
| | - Thomas Werner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, USA
| | | | - Lizandra J Robe
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Masanori J Toda
- Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ferdinand Marlétaz
- Centre for Life’s Origins and Evolution, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, United Kingdom
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8
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Zhang Y, Katoh TK, Finet C, Izumitani HF, Toda MJ, Watabe HA, Katoh T. Phylogeny and evolution of mycophagy in the Zygothrica genus group (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 163:107257. [PMID: 34252547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite numerous phylogenetic studies on the family Drosophilidae, relationships among some important lineages are still poorly resolved. An example is the equivocal position of the Zygothrica genus group that is mostly comprised of the mycophagous genera Hirtodrosophila, Mycodrosophila, Paramycodrosophila, and Zygothrica. To fill this gap, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis by assembling a dataset of 24 genes from 92 species, including 42 species of the Zygothrica genus group mainly from the Palearctic and Oriental regions. The resulting tree shows that the Zygothrica genus group is monophyletic and places it as the sister to the genus Dichaetophora, and the clade Zygothrica genus group + Dichaetophora is sister to the Siphlodora + Idiomyia/Scaptomyza clade. Within the Zygothrica genus group, the genera Mycodrosophila and Paramycodrosophila are both recognized as monophyletic, while neither the genus Zygothrica nor Hirtodrosophila is monophyletic. We also used this phylogenetic tree to investigate the evolution of mycophagy by reconstructing ancestral food habit in the Drosophilidae. We found that fungus-feeding habit has been gained independently in two lineages. The most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of the subgenus Drosophila was estimated to have acquired mycophagy by expanding its ancestral feeding niche on fermenting fruits to decayed fungi, while the MRCA of the Zygothrica genus group shifted its niche from fruits to fungi as a specialist probably preferring fresh fruiting bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Natural History Science, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Takehiro K Katoh
- Laboratory of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Cédric Finet
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, 138527, Singapore
| | - Hiroyuki F Izumitani
- Department of Natural History Science, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masanori J Toda
- Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Hide-Aki Watabe
- Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Toru Katoh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
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9
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Vela D, Villavicencio E. Karyotype Description of Two Andean Species of the guarani Group of Drosophila (Díptera: Drosophilidae) and Cytological Notes. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2021; 21:6276208. [PMID: 33991100 PMCID: PMC8122474 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The guarani group of Drosophila genus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is formed by 24 species however the relationship of these species is not clear. In the present study are described the karyotypes of Drosophila sachapuyu Peñafiel and Rafael, 2018 and Drosophila zamorana Peñafiel and Rafael, 2018, two Andean species members of the guarani group. Mitotic chromosomes from cerebral ganglia of third stand larval were obtained by thermal shock and cell suspension techniques. The karyotype of D. sachapuyu, presents 2n = 10 (4R, 1V; X = R, Y = R) while D. zamorana exhibits karyotype 2n = 12 (5R, 1V; X = V, Y = R).
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Vela
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Erika Villavicencio
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Quito, Ecuador
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10
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Fernandez Goya L, Imberti M, Rodriguero MS, Fanara JJ, Risso G, Lavagnino NJ. Mitochondrial genetic diversity of the invasive drosophilid Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in South America. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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The conserved mitochondrial genomes of Drosophila mercatorum (Diptera: Drosophilidae) with different reproductive modes and phylogenetic implications. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 138:912-918. [PMID: 31362022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fruit flies (Drosophilidae: Drosophila) are commonly found in daily life and have long been used as model organisms in biology researches. Drosophila mercatorum is one important member of the Drosophila genus and has been used to study centrosome assembly of cells. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of D. mercatorum, finding that it contains the typical structure of 37 genes and a control region. The arrangement of mitochondrial genes is in accordance with that in other Drosophila species, which is considered the ancestral organization of insects' mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analyses were performed based on 23 species of Drosophila. Our results supported two monophyletic subgenera, Drosophila and Sophophora, except for D. willistoni which was presented as an early offshoot of Drosophila. The topology ((D. yakuba + D. erecta) + D. melanogaster) was supported. We further compared the mitogenomes of parthenogenesis and sexual reproduction strains of D. mercatorum. However, only one synonymous mutation in COI gene was identified, indicating mitogenomic evolution is not strongly correlated with the different reproductive modes of this species. Taken together, our results demonstrate that mitogenome is an effective molecular marker that can be further used in phylogenetic studies of Drosophila and other organisms.
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12
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Vieira GC, D'Ávila MF, Zanini R, Deprá M, da Silva Valente VL. Evolution of DNMT2 in drosophilids: Evidence for positive and purifying selection and insights into new protein (pathways) interactions. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:215-234. [PMID: 29668012 PMCID: PMC5913717 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA methyltransferase 2 (DNMT2) protein is the most conserved member of the
DNA methyltransferase family. Nevertheless, its substrate specificity is still
controversial and elusive. The genomic role and determinants of DNA methylation
are poorly understood in invertebrates, and several mechanisms and associations
are suggested. In Drosophila, the only known DNMT gene is
Dnmt2. Here we present our findings from a wide search for
Dnmt2 homologs in 68 species of Drosophilidae. We
investigated its molecular evolution, and in our phylogenetic analyses the main
clades of Drosophilidae species were recovered. We tested whether the
Dnmt2 has evolved neutrally or under positive selection
along the subgenera Drosophila and Sophophora
and investigated positive selection in relation to several physicochemical
properties. Despite of a major selective constraint on Dnmt2,
we detected six sites under positive selection. Regarding the DNMT2 protein, 12
sites under positive-destabilizing selection were found, which suggests a
selection that favors structural and functional shifts in the protein. The
search for new potential protein partners with DNMT2 revealed 15 proteins with
high evolutionary rate covariation (ERC), indicating a plurality of DNMT2
functions in different pathways. These events might represent signs of molecular
adaptation, with molecular peculiarities arising from the diversity of
evolutionary histories experienced by drosophilids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Cavalheiro Vieira
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marícia Fantinel D'Ávila
- Departamento de Zoologia e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Palmeira das Missões, RS, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Zanini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maríndia Deprá
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia da Silva Valente
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Zoologia e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Palmeira das Missões, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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13
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De Ré FC, Robe LJ, Wallau GL, Loreto ELS. Inferring the phylogenetic position of the Drosophila flavopilosa
group: Incongruence within and between mitochondrial and nuclear multilocus datasets. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francine C. De Ré
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Lizandra J. Robe
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG); Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Gabriel L. Wallau
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Departamento de Entomologia; Instituto Aggeu Magalhães - FIOCRUZ-IAM; Recife PE Brazil
| | - Elgion L. S. Loreto
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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14
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Williams DM, Ebach MC. Aphyly: identifying the flotsam and jetsam of systematics. Cladistics 2017; 34:459-466. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Williams
- Department of Life Sciences; the Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD UK
| | - Malte C. Ebach
- Palaeontology, Geobiology and Earth Archives Research Centre (PANGEA); School of Biological; Earth and Environmental Sciences; UNSW; Kensington NSW 2052 Australia
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15
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Bombin A, Reed LK. The changing biodiversity of Alabama Drosophila: important impacts of seasonal variation, urbanization, and invasive species. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:7057-7069. [PMID: 27895896 PMCID: PMC5120374 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Global warming and anthropogenic disturbances significantly influence the biosphere, tremendously increasing species extinction rates. In Central Alabama, we analyzed Drosophilidae species composition change nearly 100 years after the previous survey. We found ten Drosophilid species that were not reported during the last major biodiversity studies, two of which are invasive pests. In addition, we analyzed the influence of seasonal environmental variables characteristic of the subtropical climate zone on Drosophila abundance and biodiversity. We found a significant correlation between temperature and abundance of total Drosophila as well as for six of the seven most represented species individually, with a maximum abundance at intermediate temperatures (18–26°C). In addition, temperature was positively correlated with biodiversity of Drosophila. Precipitation produced a significant effect on the abundance of five species of Drosophila, with different optima for each species, but did not affect overall biodiversity. We concluded that in the subtropical climate zone of Central Alabama, seasonal temperature and precipitation changes produce a significant effect on Drosophila abundance and biodiversity, while local land use also impacts fly abundance, contributing to an apparent shift in species composition over the last century. We expect global climate change and other anthropogenic factors to further impact Drosophila species composition in the subtropical climate zone into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Bombin
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL USA
| | - Laura K Reed
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL USA
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16
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Izumitani HF, Kusaka Y, Koshikawa S, Toda MJ, Katoh T. Phylogeography of the Subgenus Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Evolutionary History of Faunal Divergence between the Old and the New Worlds. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160051. [PMID: 27462734 PMCID: PMC4962979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current subgenus Drosophila (the traditional immigrans-tripunctata radiation) includes major elements of temperate drosophilid faunas in the northern hemisphere. Despite previous molecular phylogenetic analyses, the phylogeny of the subgenus Drosophila has not fully been resolved: the resulting trees have more or less varied in topology. One possible factor for such ambiguous results is taxon-sampling that has been biased towards New World species in previous studies. In this study, taxon sampling was balanced between Old and New World species, and phylogenetic relationships among 45 ingroup species selected from ten core species groups of the subgenus Drosophila were analyzed using nucleotide sequences of three nuclear and two mitochondrial genes. Based on the resulting phylogenetic tree, ancestral distributions and divergence times were estimated for each clade to test Throckmorton’s hypothesis that there was a primary, early-Oligocene disjunction of tropical faunas and a subsequent mid-Miocene disjunction of temperate faunas between the Old and the New Worlds that occurred in parallel in separate lineages of the Drosophilidae. Our results substantially support Throckmorton’s hypothesis of ancestral migrations via the Bering Land Bridge mainly from the Old to the New World, and subsequent vicariant divergence of descendants between the two Worlds occurred in parallel among different lineages of the subgenus Drosophila. However, our results also indicate that these events took place multiple times over a wider time range than Throckmorton proposed, from the late Oligocene to the Pliocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki F. Izumitani
- Department of Natural History Science, Graduate school of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yohei Kusaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Koshikawa
- The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masanori J. Toda
- Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toru Katoh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- * E-mail:
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17
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Gustani EC, Oliveira APF, Santos MH, Machado LPB, Mateus RP. Demographic Structure and Evolutionary History of Drosophila ornatifrons (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from Atlantic Forest of Southern Brazil. Zoolog Sci 2016; 32:141-50. [PMID: 25826062 DOI: 10.2108/zs140062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Drosoph1la ornatifrons of the guarani group (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is found mainly in humid areas of the Atlantic Forest biome, especially in the southern region of Brazil. Historical and contemporary fragmentation events influenced species diversity and distribution in this biome, although the role of paleoclimatic and paleogeographic events remain to be verified. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the demographic structure of D. ornatifrons from collection sites that are remnants of Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil, in order to contribute to the understanding of the processes that affected the patterns of genetic variability in this species. To achieve this goal, we sequenced 51 individuals from nine localities and 64 individuals from six localities for the mitochondrial genes Cytochrome Oxidase I and II, respectively. Our results indicate that D. ornatifrons may have experienced a demographic expansion event from the southernmost locations of its distribution, most likely from those located next to the coast and in fragments of Atlantic Forest inserted in the Pampa biome (South 2 group), towards the interior (South 1 group). This expansion probably started after the last glacial maximum, between 20,000 and 18,000 years ago, and was intensified near the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, around 12,000 years ago, when temperature started to rise. In this work we discuss how the haplotypes found barriers to gene flow and dispersal, influenced by the biogeographic pattern of Atlantic Forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele C Gustani
- 1 Laboratório de Genética e Evolução, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO - Guarapuava/PR, Brazil
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18
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Grimaldi DA. Revision of theDrosophila bromeliaeSpecies Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species. AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1206/3859.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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19
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Machado S, Gottschalk MS, Robe LJ. Historical patterns of niche dynamics in Neotropical species of the Drosophila subgenus (Drosophilidae, Diptera). Evol Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-015-9805-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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20
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Grimaldi D, Ginsberg PS, Thayer L, McEvey S, Hauser M, Turelli M, Brown B. Strange little flies in the big city: exotic flower-breeding drosophilidae (Diptera) in urban Los Angeles. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122575. [PMID: 25923661 PMCID: PMC4414507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Urban landscapes are commonly considered too mundane and corrupted to be biotically interesting. Recent insect surveys employing 29 Malaise traps throughout Los Angeles, California, however, have uncovered breeding populations of two unexpected species of one of the most studied and familiar groups of organisms, Drosophila "fruit" flies. Unlike most introduced species of drosophilids, which breed in fresh or decaying fruits, these are specialized flower-breeders. A common species in the survey was Drosophila (Drosophila) gentica Wheeler and Takada, previously collected only once, in El Salvador. It belongs to the flavopilosa species group, all species of which have been known until now from central Chile, Argentina and Uruguay, to Veracruz, Mexico and the Caribbean, breeding in flowers of Cestrum ("jessamine") and Sessea (Solanaceae). The Los Angeles populations are probably breeding in a native and/or introduced Cestrum; in addition, populations in San Luis Obispo County were visiting ornamental Cestrum. Drosophila gentica occurs as far north as San Francisco, where it was found breeding in Cestrum aurantiacum. D. gentica is redescribed and figured in detail for diagnostic and identification purposes. Specimens from Jamaica previously identified as D. gentica are a distinct species but are not formally described in lieu of complete male specimens. Rare in the Malaise traps was Drosophila (Sophophora) flavohirta Malloch, a common species in Australia on the blossoms of native Myrtaceae, found on introduced Eucalyptus in South Africa and both Eucalyptus and Syzygium in Madagascar; adults feed on myrtaceous pollen and nectar, larvae breed in the flowers. It is also redescribed in detail, including its unusual egg. This is the first New World report of this species; DNA sequences confirm it is a morphologically highly aberrant member of the D. melanogaster species group. This study reveals how intensive field sampling can uncover remarkable biodiversity in even the most urbanized areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Grimaldi
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, 10024–5192, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Paul S. Ginsberg
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Lesley Thayer
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, 10024–5192, United States of America
| | - Shane McEvey
- Department of Entomology, The Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martin Hauser
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Turelli
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Brian Brown
- Entomology Section, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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21
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Chromosomal evolution in the Drosophila cardini group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): photomaps and inversion analysis. Genetica 2014; 142:461-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-014-9791-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Ortiz MF, Wallau GL, Graichen DÂS, Loreto ELS. An evaluation of the ecological relationship between Drosophila species and their parasitoid wasps as an opportunity for horizontal transposon transfer. Mol Genet Genomics 2014; 290:67-78. [PMID: 25146840 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-014-0900-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Evidences of horizontal transfer, the exchange of genetic material between reproductively isolated species, have accumulated over the last decades, including for multicellular eukaryotic organisms. However, the mechanisms and ecological relationships that promote such phenomenon is still poorly known. Host-parasite interaction is one type of relationship usually pointed in the literature that could potentially increase the probability of the horizontal transfer between species, because the species involved in such relationships are generally in close contact. Transposable elements, which are well-known genomic parasites, are DNA entities that tend to be involved in horizontal transfer due to their ability to mobilize between different genomic locations. Using Drosophila species and their parasitoid wasps as a host-parasite model, we evaluated the hypothesis that horizontal transposon transfers (HTTs) are more frequent in this set of species than in species that do not exhibit a close ecological and phylogenetic relationship. For this purpose, we sequenced two sets of species using a metagenomic and single-species genomic sampling approach through next-generation DNA sequencing. The first set was composed of five generalist Drosophila (D. maculifrons, D. bandeirantorum, D. polymorpha, D. mercatorum and D. willistoni) species and their associated parasitoid wasps, whereas the second set was composed of D. incompta, which is a flower specialist species, and its parasitoid wasp. We did not find strong evidence of HTT in the two sets of Drosophila and wasp parasites. However, at least five cases of HTT were observed between the generalist and specialist Drosophila species. Moreover, we detected an HT event involving a Wolbachia lineage between generalist and specialist species, indicating that these endosymbiotic bacteria could play a role as HTT vectors. In summary, our results do not support the hypothesis of prevalent HTT between species with a host-parasite relationship, at least for the studied wasp-Drosophila pairs. Moreover, it suggests that other mechanisms or parasites are involved in promoting HTT between Drosophila species as the Wolbachia endosymbiotic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Freitas Ortiz
- Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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23
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De Ré FC, Gustani EC, Oliveira APF, Machado LPB, Mateus RP, Loreto ELS, Robe LJ. Brazilian populations ofDrosophila maculifrons(Diptera: Drosophilidae): low diversity levels and signals of a population expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francine Cenzi De Ré
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal (PPGBA); Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Emanuele C. Gustani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva (PPGBioEvol); Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO); Paraná Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética Evolutiva e Biologia Molecular (PPGGEv); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ana Paula F. Oliveira
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Genética; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luciana P. B. Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva (PPGBioEvol); Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO); Paraná Brazil
| | - Rogério P. Mateus
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva (PPGBioEvol); Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO); Paraná Brazil
| | - Elgion L. S. Loreto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal (PPGBA); Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Lizandra J. Robe
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal (PPGBA); Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PPGBAC); Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG); Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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24
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Rossato DO, Ludwig A, Deprá M, Loreto ELS, Ruiz A, Valente VLS. BuT2 is a member of the third major group of hAT transposons and is involved in horizontal transfer events in the genus Drosophila. Genome Biol Evol 2014; 6:352-65. [PMID: 24459285 PMCID: PMC3942097 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The hAT superfamily comprises a large and diverse array of DNA transposons found in all supergroups of eukaryotes. Here we characterized the Drosophila buzzatii BuT2 element and found that it harbors a five-exon gene encoding a 643-aa putatively functional transposase. A phylogeny built with 85 hAT transposases yielded, in addition to the two major groups already described, Ac and Buster, a third one comprising 20 sequences that includes BuT2, Tip100, hAT-4_BM, and RP-hAT1. This third group is here named Tip. In addition, we studied the phylogenetic distribution and evolution of BuT2 by in silico searches and molecular approaches. Our data revealed BuT2 was, most often, vertically transmitted during the evolution of genus Drosophila being lost independently in several species. Nevertheless, we propose the occurrence of three horizontal transfer events to explain its distribution and conservation among species. Another aspect of BuT2 evolution and life cycle is the presence of short related sequences, which contain similar 5' and 3' regions, including the terminal inverted repeats. These sequences that can be considered as miniature inverted repeat transposable elements probably originated by internal deletion of complete copies and show evidences of recent mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirleane Ottonelli Rossato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
| | - Adriana Ludwig
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional, Instituto
Carlos Chagas (ICC), Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maríndia Deprá
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia
Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do
Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elgion L. S. Loreto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Genética e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS),
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa
Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Ruiz
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat
de Biociènces, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vera L. S. Valente
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia
Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do
Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Genética e Biologia Molecular Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS),
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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25
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Ahuja A, Extavour CG. Patterns of molecular evolution of the germ line specification gene oskar suggest that a novel domain may contribute to functional divergence in Drosophila. Dev Genes Evol 2014; 224:65-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00427-013-0463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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26
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Robe LJ, De Ré FC, Ludwig A, Loreto ELS. The Drosophila flavopilosa species group (Diptera, Drosophilidae): an array of exciting questions. Fly (Austin) 2013; 7:59-69. [PMID: 23459119 PMCID: PMC3732333 DOI: 10.4161/fly.23923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The D. flavopilosa group encompasses an ecologically restricted set of species strictly adapted to hosting flowers of Cestrum (Solanaceae). This group presents potential to be used as a model to the study of different questions regarding ecologically restricted species macro and microevolutionary responses, geographical vs. ecological speciation and intra and interspecific competition. This review aims to revisit and reanalyze the patterns and processes that are subjacent to the interesting ecological and evolutionary properties of these species. Biotic and abiotic niche properties of some species were reanalyzed in face of ecological niche modeling approaches in order to get some insights into their ecological evolution. A test of the potential of DNA-Barcoding provided evidences that this technology may be a way of overcoming difficulties related to cryptic species differentiation. The new focus replenishes the scenario with new questions, presenting a case where neither geographical nor ecological speciation may be as yet suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizandra J Robe
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais PPGBAC, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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27
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Morales-Hojas R, Vieira J. Phylogenetic patterns of geographical and ecological diversification in the subgenus Drosophila. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49552. [PMID: 23152919 PMCID: PMC3495880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonisation of new geographic regions and/or of new ecological resources can result in rapid species diversification into the new ecological niches available. Members of the subgenus Drosophila are distributed across the globe and show a large diversity of ecological niches. Furthermore, taxonomic classification of Drosophila includes the rank radiation, which refers to closely related species groups. Nevertheless, it has never been tested if these taxonomic radiations correspond to evolutionary radiations. Here we present a study of the patterns of diversification of Drosophila to test for increased diversification rates in relation to the geographic and ecological diversification processes. For this, we have estimated and dated a phylogeny of 218 species belonging to the major species groups of the subgenus. The obtained phylogenies are largely consistent with previous studies and indicate that the major groups appeared during the Oligocene/Miocene transition or early Miocene, characterized by a trend of climate warming with brief periods of glaciation. Ancestral reconstruction of geographic ranges and ecological resource use suggest at least two dispersals to the Neotropics from the ancestral Asiatic tropical disribution, and several transitions to specialized ecological resource use (mycophagous and cactophilic). Colonisation of new geographic regions and/or of new ecological resources can result in rapid species diversification into the new ecological niches available. However, diversification analyses show no significant support for adaptive radiations as a result of geographic dispersal or ecological resource shift. Also, cactophily has not resulted in an increase in the diversification rate of the repleta and related groups. It is thus concluded that the taxonomic radiations do not correspond to adaptive radiations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Morales-Hojas
- Molecular Evolution Lab, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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28
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Commar LS, Galego LGDC, Ceron CR, Carareto CMA. Taxonomic and evolutionary analysis of Zaprionus indianus and its colonization of Palearctic and Neotropical regions. Genet Mol Biol 2012; 35:395-406. [PMID: 22888286 PMCID: PMC3389525 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572012000300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zaprionus indianus is a dipteran (Drosophilidae) with a wide distribution throughout the tropics and temperate Palearctic and Nearctic regions. There have been proposals to reclassify the genus Zaprionus as a subgenus or group of the genus Drosophila because various molecular markers have indicated a close relationship between Zaprionus species and the immigrans-Hirtodrosophila radiation within Drosophila. These markers, together with alloenzymes and quantitative traits, have been used to describe the probable scenario for the expansion of Zaprionus indianus from its center of dispersal (Africa) to regions of Asia (ancient dispersal) and the Americas (recent dispersal). The introduction of Z. indianus into Brazil was first reported in 1999 and the current consensus is that the introduced flies came from high-latitude African populations through the importation of fruit. Once in Brazil, Z. indianus spread rapidly throughout the Southeast and then to the rest of the country, in association with highway-based fruit commerce. These and other aspects of the evolutionary biology of Z. indianus are addressed in this review, including a description of a probable route for this species’ dispersal during its recent expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leliane Silva Commar
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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Wallau GL, Kaminski VL, Loreto ELS. The role of vertical and horizontal transfer in the evolution of Paris-like elements in drosophilid species. Genetica 2012; 139:1487-97. [PMID: 22527689 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-012-9648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The transposable element (TE) Paris was described in a Drosophila virilis strain (virilis species group) as causing a hybrid dysgenesis with other mobile genetic elements. Since then, the element Paris has only been found in D. buzzatii, a species from the repleta group. In this study, we performed a search for Paris-like elements in 56 species of drosophilids to improve the knowledge about the distribution and evolution of this element. Paris-like elements were found in 30 species from the Drosophila genus, 15 species from the Drosophila subgenus and 15 species from the Sophophora subgenus. Analysis of the complete sequences obtained from the complete available Drosophila genomes has shown that there are putative active elements in five species (D. elegans, D. kikkawai, D. ananassae, D. pseudoobscura and D. mojavensis). The Paris-like elements showed an approximately 242-bp-long terminal inverted repeats in the 5' and 3' boundaries (called LIR: long inverted repeat), with two 28-bp-long direct repeats in each LIR. All potentially active elements presented degeneration in the internal region of terminal inverted repeat. Despite the degeneration of the LIR, the distance of 185 bp between the direct repeats was always maintained. This conservation suggests that the spacing between direct repeats is important for transposase binding. The distribution analysis showed that these elements are widely distributed in other Drosophila groups beyond the virilis and repleta groups. The evolutionary analysis of Paris-like elements suggests that they were present as two subfamilies with the common ancestor of the Drosophila genus. Since then, these TEs have been primarily maintained by vertical transmission with some events of stochastic loss and horizontal transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Luz Wallau
- Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Stump AD, Jablonski SE, Bouton L, Wilder JA. Distribution and mechanism of α-amanitin tolerance in mycophagous Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2011; 40:1604-1612. [PMID: 22217779 DOI: 10.1603/en11136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Many mycophagous species of Drosophila can tolerate the mushroom poison α-amanitin in wild mushrooms and in artificial diet. We conducted feeding assays with sixteen Drosophila species and α-amanitin in artificial diet to better determine the phylogenetic distribution of this tolerance. For eight tolerant and one related susceptible species, we sequenced the gene encoding the large subunit of RNA Polymerase II, which is the target site of α-amanitin. We found no differences in the gene that could account for differences in susceptibility to the toxin. We also conducted feeding assays in which α-amanitin was combined with chemical inhibitors of cytochrome P450s or glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in artificial diet to determine if either of these enzyme families is involved in tolerance to α-amanitin. We found that an inhibitor of GSTs did not reduce tolerance to α-amanitin, but that an inhibitor of cytochrome P450s reduced tolerance in several species. It is possible that the same cytochrome P450 activity that produces tolerance of α-amanitin might produce tolerance of other mushroom toxins as well. If so, a general detoxification mechanism based on cytochrome P450s might answer the question of how tolerance to α-amanitin arose in mycophagous Drosophila when this toxin is found in relatively few mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram D Stump
- Department of Biology, Science Bldg., Room 103, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York 11530, USA.
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de Setta N, Van Sluys MA, Capy P, Carareto CMA. Copia retrotransposon in the Zaprionus genus: another case of transposable element sharing with the Drosophila melanogaster subgroup. J Mol Evol 2011; 72:326-38. [PMID: 21347850 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-011-9435-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Copia is a retrotransposon that appears to be distributed widely among the Drosophilidae subfamily. Evolutionary analyses of regulatory regions have indicated that the Copia retrotransposon evolved through both positive and purifying selection, and that horizontal transfer (HT) could also explain its patchy distribution of the among the subfamilies of the melanogaster subgroup. Additionally, Copia elements could also have transferred between melanogaster subgroup and other species of Drosophilidae-D. willistoni and Z. tuberculatus. In this study, we surveyed seven species of the Zaprionus genus by sequencing the LTR-ULR and reverse transcriptase regions, and by using RT-PCR in order to understand the distribution and evolutionary history of Copia in the Zaprionus genus. The Copia element was detected, and was transcriptionally active, in all species investigated. Structural and selection analysis revealed Zaprionus elements to be closely related to the most ancient subfamily of the melanogaster subgroup, and they seem to be evolving mainly under relaxed purifying selection. Taken together, these results allowed us to classify the Zaprionus sequences as a new subfamily-ZapCopia, a member of the Copia retrotransposon family of the melanogaster subgroup. These findings indicate that the Copia retrotransposon is an ancient component of the genomes of the Zaprionus species and broaden our understanding of the diversity of retrotransposons in the Zaprionus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia de Setta
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Biology, UNESP, São Paulo State University, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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Wallau GL, Hua-Van A, Capy P, Loreto ELS. The evolutionary history of mariner-like elements in Neotropical drosophilids. Genetica 2011; 139:327-38. [PMID: 21336962 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-011-9552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionary history of mariner-like elements (MLEs) in 49 mainly Neotropical drosophilid species is described. So far, the investigations about the distribution of MLEs were performed mainly using hybridization assays with the Mos1 element (the first mariner active element described) in a widely range of drosophilid species and these sequences were found principally in species that arose in Afrotropical and Sino-Indian regions. Our analysis in mainly Neotropical drosophilid species shows that twenty-three species presented MLEs from three different subfamilies in their genomes: eighteen species had MLEs from subfamily mellifera, fifteen from subfamily mauritiana and three from subfamily irritans. Eleven of these species exhibited elements from more than one subfamily in their genome. In two subfamilies, the analyzed coding region was uninterrupted and contained conserved catalytic motifs. This suggests that these sequences were probably derived from active elements. The species with these putative active elements are Drosophila mediopunctata and D. busckii for the mauritiana subfamily, and D. paramediostriata for the mellifera subfamily. The phylogenetic analysis of MLE, shows a complex evolutionary pattern, exhibiting vertical transfer, stochastic loss and putative events of horizontal transmission occurring between different Drosophilidae species, and even those belonging to more distantly related taxa such as Bactrocera tryoni (Tephritidae family), Sphyracephala europaea (Diopsoidea superfamily) and Buenoa sp. (Hemiptera order). Moreover, our data show that the distribution of MLEs is not restricted to Afrotropical and Sino-Indian species. Conversely, these TEs are also widely distributed in drosophilid species arisen in the Neotropical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Luz Wallau
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rua Roraima, 1000 Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
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Lang M, Juan E. Binding site number variation and high-affinity binding consensus of Myb-SANT-like transcription factor Adf-1 in Drosophilidae. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38:6404-17. [PMID: 20542916 PMCID: PMC2965233 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the evolution of transcription factor binding sites and corresponding functional change of transcriptional regulation. In this context, we have examined the structural changes of the ADF-1 binding sites at the Adh promoters of Drosophila funebris and D. virilis. We detected an expanded footprinted region in D. funebris that contains various adjacent binding sites with different binding affinities. ADF-1 was described to direct sequence-specific DNA binding to sites consisting of the multiple trinucleotide repeat . The ADF-1 recognition sites with high binding affinity differ from this trinucleotide repeat consensus sequence and a new consensus sequence is proposed for the high-affinity ADF-1 binding sites. In vitro transcription experiments with the D. funebris and D. virilis ADF-1 binding regions revealed that stronger ADF-1 binding to the expanded D. funebris ADF-1 binding region only moderately lead to increased transcriptional activity of the Adh gene. The potential of this regional expansion is discussed in the context of different ADF-1 cellular concentrations and maintenance of the ADF-1 stimulus. Altogether, evolutionary change of ADF-1 binding regions involves both, rearrangements of complex binding site cluster and also nucleotide substitutions within sites that lead to different binding affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lang
- Departament de Genètica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
SummaryThe genus Drosophila is diverse and heterogeneous and contains a large number of easy-to-rear species, so it is an attractive subject for comparative studies. The ability to perform such studies is currently compromised by the lack of a comprehensive phylogeny for Drosophila and related genera. The genus Drosophila as currently defined is known to be paraphyletic with respect to several other genera, but considerable uncertainty remains about other aspects of the phylogeny. Here, we estimate a phylogeny for 176 drosophilid (12 genera) and four non-drosophilid species, using gene sequences for up to 13 different genes per species (average: 4333 bp, five genes per species). This is the most extensive set of molecular data on drosophilids yet analysed. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted with maximum-likelihood (ML) and Bayesian approaches. Our analysis confirms that the genus Drosophila is paraphyletic with 100% support in the Bayesian analysis and 90% bootstrap support in the ML analysis. The subgenus Sophophora, which includes Drosophila melanogaster, is the sister clade of all the other subgenera as well as of most species of six other genera. This sister clade contains two large, well-supported subclades. The first subclade contains the Hawaiian Drosophila, the genus Scaptomyza, and the virilis-repleta radiation. The second contains the immigrans-tripunctata radiation as well as the genera Hirtodrosophila (except Hirtodrosophila duncani), Mycodrosophila, Zaprionus and Liodrosophila. We argue that these results support a taxonomic revision of the genus Drosophila.
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Robe LJ, Valente VLS, Loreto ELS. Phylogenetic relationships and macro-evolutionary patterns within the Drosophila tripunctata "radiation" (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Genetica 2010; 138:725-35. [PMID: 20376692 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-010-9453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite previous efforts, the evolutionary history of the immigrans-tripunctata clade remains obscure in part due to its hypothesized origin through a rapid radiation. We performed a supermatrix analysis (3,243 base pairs) coupled with richness patterns, environmental phylogenetic signal and radiation tests in order to address phylogenetic relationships and macro-evolutionary hypotheses within this complex group of species. We propose a well-supported evolutionary scenario for the immigrans-tripunctata clade species, in which the tripunctata "radiation" was monophyletic and subdivided into three main lineages: the first including D. pallidipennis (pallidipennis group) imbedded among members of the tripunctata group; the second clustering the cardini and guarani groups; and the third grouping representatives from the tripunctata, calloptera and guaramunu groups. Therefore, we hypothesize that the tripunctata group encompasses a diphyletic taxon, with one clade including the pallidipennis group and the other showing a close affinity to the calloptera and guaramunu groups. Our results also suggest that niche evolution seems to have played a central role in the evolutionary history of the tripunctata species "radiation" allowing effective dispersion and diversification in the Neotropics, possibly in a southwards direction. Although the data as a whole support the notion that this occurred through rapid and successive speciation events, the radiation hypothesis remains to be further corroborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizandra J Robe
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), CP 15053, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Brazil.
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Mota NR, Ludwig A, Valente VLDS, Loreto ELS. Harrow: new Drosophila hAT transposons involved in horizontal transfer. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 19:217-228. [PMID: 20017754 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00977.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study we characterize the transposable elements harrow, which belong to the hAT superfamily of DNA transposons. Searches for harrow sequences were performed in 65 Drosophilidae species, mainly representing Neotropical and cosmopolitan groups from the genus Drosophila. The nucleotide divergence among elements found in these species suggests that harrow sequences could be clustered in a subfamily. The patchy distribution throughout the genus Drosophila and the high similarity presented between all harrow sequences indicate that horizontal transfer could play a major role in the evolution of harrow elements. The results obtained suggest an evolutionary scenario in which harrow would have undergone multiple horizontal transfer events in the Neotropics, involving D. tripuncatata, D. mojavensis (Subgenus Drosophila) and several species of the willistoni and saltans groups (subgenus Sophophora).
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Mota
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Yassin A, Da Lage JL, David JR, Kondo M, Madi-Ravazzi L, Prigent SR, Toda MJ. Polyphyly of the Zaprionus genus group (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 55:335-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Revised: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Deprá M, Panzera Y, Ludwig A, Valente VLS, Loreto ELS. hosimary: a new hAT transposon group involved in horizontal transfer. Mol Genet Genomics 2010; 283:451-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-010-0531-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Robe LJ, Loreto ELS, Valente VLS. Radiation of the ,,Drosophila“ subgenus (Drosophilidae, Diptera) in the Neotropics. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2009.00563.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Vidal NM, Ludwig A, Loreto ELS. Evolution of Tom, 297, 17.6 and rover retrotransposons in Drosophilidae species. Mol Genet Genomics 2009; 282:351-62. [PMID: 19585148 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-009-0468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
LTR retrotransposons are the most abundant transposable elements in Drosophila and are believed to have contributed significantly to genome evolution. Different reports have shown that many LTR retrotransposon families in Drosophila melanogaster emerged from recent evolutionary episodes of transpositional activity. To contribute to the knowledge of the evolutionary history of Drosophila LTR retrotransposons and the mechanisms that control their abundance, distribution and diversity, we conducted analyses of four related families of LTR retrotransposons, 297, 17.6, rover and Tom. Our results show that these elements seem to be restricted to species from the D. melanogaster group, except for 17.6, which is also present in D. virilis and D. mojavensis. Genetic divergences and phylogenetic analyses of a 1-kb fragment region of the pol gene illustrate that the evolutionary dynamics of Tom, 297, 17.6 and rover retrotransposons are similar in several aspects, such as low codon bias, the action of purifying selection and phylogenies that are incongruent with those of the host species. We found an extremely complex association among the retrotransposon sequences, indicating that different processes shaped the evolutionary history of these elements, and we detected a very high number of possible horizontal transfer events, corroborating the importance of lateral transmission in the evolution and maintenance of LTR retrotransposons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Newton Medeiros Vidal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil.
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Laborda PR, Klaczko LB, de Souza AP. Drosophila mediopunctata microsatellites II: cross-species amplification in the tripunctata group and other Drosophila species. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-009-9069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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da Silva NM, de Souza Dias A, da Silva Valente VL, Valiati VH. Characterization of mitochondrial control region, two intergenic spacers and tRNAs of Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Genetica 2009; 137:325-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-009-9396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2008] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hatadani LM, McInerney JO, de Medeiros HF, Junqueira ACM, de Azeredo-Espin AM, Klaczko LB. Molecular phylogeny of the Drosophila tripunctata and closely related species groups (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2009; 51:595-600. [PMID: 19285146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2009.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2008] [Revised: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 02/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We suggest a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the tripunctata radiation based on sequences of mitochondrial genes. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed by parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. We performed tests for hypotheses of monophyly for taxonomic groups and other specific hypotheses. Results reject the monophyly for the tripunctata group whereas monophyly is not rejected for the tripunctata radiation and other specific groups within the radiation. Although most of the basal nodes were unresolved we were able to identify four clusters within the tripunctata radiation. These results suggest the collection of additional data before a proper taxonomic revision could be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Mendes Hatadani
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Mota NR, Robe LJ, Valente VLS, Budnik M, Loreto ELS. Phylogeny of the Drosophila mesophragmatica group (Diptera, Drosophilidae): an example of Andean evolution. Zoolog Sci 2008; 25:526-32. [PMID: 18558806 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.25.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The mesophragmatica group of Drosophila belongs to the virilis-repleta radiation of the Drosophila subgenus. This group comprises 13 Neotropical species that are endemic to the South-American continent and seem to be fundamentally Andean in their distribution. The mesophragmatica-group phylogeny has been inferred previously by other authors based on morphological, cytological, and isozyme analyses. However, the relationships within the group have not yet been completely resolved, although its monophyletic origin has already been confirmed by molecular data. This work attempts to enhance the molecular approach to the relationships among the species of the mesophragmatica group, using both nuclear and mitochondrial markers. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using fragments of the nuclear alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh; 631 bp), alpha-methyldopa (Amd; 1211 bp), dopa-decarboxylase (Ddc; 1105 bp), and hunchback (Hb; 687 bp) genes and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII; 672 bp) gene, and included a total of 4306 bp. The sequences obtained for eight representatives of the mesophragmatica group were analyzed both individually and in combination by distance methods, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood. Our results support subdivision of the mesophragmatica group into three main lineages: the first is composed of D. viracochi; the second comprises a clade grouping the sibling species D. pavani and D. gaucha; and the third encompasses D. gasici, D. brncici, and D. mesophragmatica. The best supported scenario suggests that D. viracochi is an early offshoot in the mesophragmatica group, with this and other early branchings occuring in the Pliocene/Pleistocene Epochs, possibly associated with Andean glacial refuges. Also based on the phylogenies obtained, we present a genealogical view of the evolution of previously described characters within the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina R Mota
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Genetica e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genetica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Ludwig A, Valente VLDS, Loreto ELS. Multiple invasions of Errantivirus in the genus Drosophila. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2008; 17:113-124. [PMID: 18353101 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2007.00787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to contribute to the knowledge of the evolutionary history of Errantivirus, a phylogenetic analysis of the env gene sequences of Errantivirus gypsy, gtwin, gypsy2, gypsy3, gypsy4 and gypsy6 was carried out in 33 Drosophilidae species. Most sequences were obtained from in silico searches in the Drosophila genomes. The complex evolutionary pattern reported by other authors for the gypsy retroelement was also observed in the present study, including vertical transmission, ancestral polymorphism, stochastic loss and horizontal transfer. Moreover, the elements gypsy2, gypsy3, gypsy4 and gypsy6 were shown to have followed an evolutionary model that is similar to gypsy. Fifteen new possible cases of horizontal transfer were suggested. The infectious potential of these elements may help elucidate the evolutionary scenario described in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ludwig
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Grafting the molecular phylogenetic tree with morphological branches to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the genus Zaprionus (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2008; 47:903-15. [PMID: 18462955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2007] [Revised: 11/13/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A molecular phylogeny for the drosophilid genus Zaprionus was inferred using a mitochondrial (CO-II) and a nuclear (Amyrel) gene using 22 available species. The combined molecular tree does not support the current classification, dubbed phylogenetic, based entirely upon a morphocline of forefemoral ornamentation. For species for which DNA was not available, phylogenetic positioning was only assigned using morphological characters. In order to avoid conflict between DNA and morphology in the combined analyses (supermatrix method), we developed a new method in which few morphological characters were sampled according to an a priori homoplasy assessment on the consensus molecular tree. At each internal node of the tree, a number of synapomorphies was determined, and species with no molecular sequences were grafted thereon. Analogously to tree vocabulary, we called our method 'morphological grafting'. New species groups and complexes were then defined in the light of our findings. Further, divergence times were estimated under a relaxed molecular clock, and historical biogeography was reconstructed under a maximum likelihood model. Zaprionus appears to be of recent origin in the Oriental region during the Late Miocene ( approximately 10 MYA), and colonization of Africa started shortly after ( approximately 7 MYA) via the maritime route of the Indian Ocean Islands. Most of the morphological and ecological diversification took place, later, in Western Africa during the Quaternary cyclic climatic changes. Furthermore, some species became recent invaders, with one, Zaprionus indianus, has successfully invaded South and North America during the last decade.
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The LTR retrotransposon micropia in the cardini group of Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae): a possible case of horizontal transfer. Genetica 2008; 134:335-44. [PMID: 18259879 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-008-9241-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2007] [Accepted: 01/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The presence of the micropia retroelement from the Ty1-copia family of LTR retroelements was investigated in three species of the Drosophila cardini group. Southern blot analysis suggested the existence of at least four micropia copies in the genomes of D. cardinoides, D. neocardini and D. polymorpha populations. The high sequence similarity between dhMiF2 and Dm11 clones (micropia retroelements isolated from D. hydei and D. melanogaster, respectively) with micropia sequences amplified from D. cardini group genome supports the hypothesis that this retroelement plays an active role in horizontal transfer events between D. hydei and the D. cardini group.
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Independent origins of new sex-linked chromosomes in the melanica and robusta species groups of Drosophila. BMC Evol Biol 2008; 8:33. [PMID: 18230153 PMCID: PMC2268673 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-8-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent translocations of autosomal regions to the sex chromosomes represent important systems for identifying the evolutionary forces affecting convergent patterns of sex-chromosome heteromorphism. Additions to the sex chromosomes have been reported in the melanica and robusta species groups, two sister clades of Drosophila. The close relationship between these two species groups and the similarity of their rearranged karyotypes motivates this test of alternative hypotheses; the rearranged sex chromosomes in both groups are derived through a common origin, or the rearrangements are derived through at least two independent origins. Here we examine chromosomal arrangement in representatives of the melanica and the robusta species groups and test these alternative hypotheses using a phylogenetic approach. Results Two mitochondrial and two nuclear gene sequences were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships of a set of nine ingroup species having fused and unfused sex chromosomes and representing a broad sample of both species groups. Different methods of phylogenetic inference, coupled with concurrent cytogenetic analysis, indicate that the hypothesis of independent origins of rearranged sex chromosomes within each species group is significantly more likely than the alternative hypothesis of a single common origin. An estimate tightly constrained around 8 My was obtained for the age of the rearranged sex chromosomes in the melanica group; however, a more loosely constrained estimate of 10–15 My was obtained for the age of the rearrangement in the robusta group. Conclusion Independent acquisition of new chromosomal arms by the sex chromosomes in the melanica and robusta species groups represents a case of striking convergence at the karyotypic level. Our findings indicate that the parallel divergence experienced by newly sex-linked genomic regions in these groups represents an excellent system for studying the tempo of sex chromosome evolution.
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Katoh T, Nakaya D, Tamura K, Aotsuka T. Phylogeny of the Drosophila immigrans species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae) based on Adh and Gpdh sequences. Zoolog Sci 2008; 24:913-21. [PMID: 17960997 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.24.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2007] [Accepted: 05/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The immigrans species group in the Drosophilinae is one of the representative species groups of Drosophila in East Asia. Although this group constitutes a significant part of the drosophilid fauna in the Old World, only a few species have been analyzed in previous molecular phylogenetic studies. To study the phylogeny of the immigrans group, we analyzed the nucleotide sequences of two nuclear genes, alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpdh), for 36 drosophilid species, including 12 species of the immigrans group. In the resultant phylogenetic trees, 10 species of the immigrans group (D. immigrans, D. formosana, D. ruberrima, D. albomicans, D. nasuta, D. neonasuta, D. pallidifrons, D. hypocausta, D. neohypocausta, D. siamana) consistently formed a clade (the immigrans group proper), although the phylogeny within this clade did not exactly correspond to the classification of species subgroups. However, D. annulipes and D. quadrilineata, both of which belong to the quadrilineata subgroup of the immigrans group, were not included in the immigrans group proper. Furthermore, we obtained the unexpected result that D. annulipes was included in a clade comprising Scaptomyza and Hawaiian Drosophila, together with D. maculinotata of the funebris group, although the phylogenetic relationships within this clade remain uncertain and need to be substantiated with further studies. Thus, according to the present study, the immigrans group is polyphyletic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Katoh
- COE for Neo-Science of Natural History, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, North 10 West 8, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
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Yassin A, Abou-Youssef AY, Bitner-Mathe B, Capy P, David JR. Mesosternal bristle number in a cosmopolitan drosophilid: an X-linked variable trait independent of sternopleural bristles. J Genet 2007; 86:149-58. [PMID: 17968142 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-007-0019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mesosternal (MS) bristles in Drosophila are a pair of machrochaetae found at the sternal end of the sternopleural (STP) microchaetae, and are thought to be invariable. In a closely related drosophilid genus, Zaprionus, their number is four and, in contrast to Drosophila, they show interspecific and intraspecific variability. The genetic basis of MS bristle number variability was studied in Z. indianus, the only cosmopolitan species of the genus. The trait responded rapidly to selection and two lines were obtained, one lacking any bristles (0-0) and the other bearing the normal phenotype (2-2). Other symmetrical phenotypes, (1-1) and (3-3), could also be selected for, but with lesser success. By contrast, STP bristle number did not vary significantly between the two lines (0-0) and (2-2), revealing its genetic independence from MS bristle number. Reciprocal crosses between these two lines showed that MS bristle number is mainly influenced by a major gene on the X chromosome (i.e. F(1) males always resembled their mothers) with codominant expression (i.e. heterozygous F(1) females harboured an average phenotype of 2 bristles). However, trait penetrance was incomplete and backcrosses revealed that this variability was partly due to genetic modifiers, most likely autosomal. The canalization of MS bristle number was investigated under different temperatures, and the increased appearance of abnormal phenotypes mainly occurred at extreme temperatures. There was a bias, however, towards bristle loss, as shown by a liability (developmental map) analysis. Finally, when ancestral and introduced populations were compared, the latter were far less stable, suggesting that genetic bottlenecks may perturb the MS bristle number canalization system. MS bristle number, thus, appears to be an excellent model for investigating developmental canalization at both the quantitative and the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Yassin
- CNRS, Lab. Evolution, Genomes et Speciation, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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