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Qin F, Xue T, Zhang X, Yang X, Yu J, Gadagkar SR, Yu S. Past climate cooling and orogenesis of the Hengduan Mountains have influenced the evolution of Impatiens sect. Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in the Northern Hemisphere. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:600. [PMID: 38030965 PMCID: PMC10685625 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04625-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impatiens sect. Impatiens is distributed across the Northern Hemisphere and has diversified considerably, particularly within the Hengduan Mountains (HDM) in southwest China. Yet, the infra-sectional phylogenetic relationships are not well resolved, largely due to limited taxon sampling and an insufficient number of molecular markers. The evolutionary history of its diversification is also poorly understood. In this study, plastome data and the most complete sampling to date were used to reconstruct a robust phylogenetic framework for this section. The phylogeny was then used to investigate its biogeographical history and diversification patterns, specifically with the aim of understanding the role played by the HDM and past climatic changes in its diversification. RESULTS A stable phylogeny was reconstructed that strongly supported both the monophyly of the section and its division into seven major clades (Clades I-VII). Molecular dating and ancestral area reconstruction suggest that sect. Impatiens originated in the HDM and Southeast China around 11.76 Ma, after which different lineages dispersed to Northwest China, temperate Eurasia, and North America, mainly during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. An intercontinental dispersal event from East Asia to western North America may have occurred via the Bering Land Bridge or Aleutian Islands. The diversification rate was high during its early history, especially with the HDM, but gradually decreased over time both within and outside the HDM. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the distribution pattern of species richness was strongly associated with elevation range, elevation, and mean annual temperature. Finally, ancestral niche analysis indicated that sect. Impatiens originated in a relatively cool, middle-elevation area. CONCLUSIONS We inferred the evolutionary history of sect. Impatiens based on a solid phylogenetic framework. The HDM was the primary source or pump of its diversity in the Northern Hemisphere. Orogeny and climate change may have also shaped its diversification rates, as a steady decrease in the diversification rate coincided with the uplift of the HDM and climate cooling. These findings provide insights into the distribution pattern of sect. Impatiens and other plants in the Northern Hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops / State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Tiantian Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops / State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops / State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops / State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianghong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops / State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Sudhindra R Gadagkar
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA.
- Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, 85308, USA.
| | - Shengxiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops / State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China.
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Ji Y, Landis JB, Yang J, Wang S, Zhou N, Luo Y, Liu H. Phylogeny and evolution of Asparagaceae subfamily Nolinoideae: new insights from plastid phylogenomics. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 131:301-312. [PMID: 36434782 PMCID: PMC9992941 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Asparagaceae subfamily Nolinoideae is an economically important plant group, but the deep relationships and evolutionary history of the lineage remain poorly understood. Based on a large data set including 37 newly sequenced samples and publicly available plastomes, this study aims to better resolve the inter-tribal relationships of Nolinoideae, and to rigorously examine the tribe-level monophyly of Convallarieae, Ophiopogoneae and Polygonateae. METHODS Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods were used to infer phylogenetic relationships of Nolinoideae at the genus level and above. The diversification history of Nolinoideae was explored using molecular dating. KEY RESULTS Both ML and BI analyses identically recovered five clades within Nolinoideae, respectively corresponding to Dracaeneae + Rusceae, Polygonateae + Theropogon, Ophiopogoneae, Nolineae, and Convallarieae excluding Theropogon, and most deep nodes were well supported. As Theropogon was embedded in Polygonateae, the plastome phylogeny failed to resolve Convallarieae and Polygonateae as reciprocally monophyletic. Divergence time estimation showed that the origins of most Nolinoideae genera were dated to the Miocene and Pliocene. The youthfulness of Nolinoideae genera is well represented in the three herbaceous tribes (Convallarieae, Ophiopogoneae and Polygonateae) chiefly distributed in temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere, as the median stem ages of all 14 genera currently belonging to them were estimated at <12.37 Ma. CONCLUSIONS This study recovered a robust backbone phylogeny, providing new insights for better understanding the evolution and classification of Nolinoideae. Compared with the deep relationships recovered by a previous study based on transcriptomic data, our data suggest that ancient hybridization or incomplete lineage sorting may have occurred in the early diversification of Nolinoideae. Our findings will provide important reference for further study of the evolutionary complexity of Nolinoideae using nuclear genomic data. The recent origin of these herbaceous genera currently belonging to Convallarieae, Ophiopogoneae and Polygonateae provides new evidence to support the hypothesis that the global expansion of temperate habitats caused by the climate cooling over the past 15 million years may have dramatically driven lineage diversification and speciation in the Northern Hemisphere temperate flora.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob B Landis
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
- BTI Computational Biology Center, Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Shuying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Nian Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
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Out of the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains: Phylogenomics and biogeography of the widely distributed Northern Hemisphere genus Polygonatum Mill. (Asparagaceae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 169:107431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zheng SS, Jiang XL, Huang QJ, Deng M. Historical Dynamics of Semi-Humid Evergreen Forests in the Southeast Himalaya Biodiversity Hotspot: A Case Study of the Quercus franchetii Complex (Fagaceae). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:774232. [PMID: 35035389 PMCID: PMC8753985 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.774232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Oligocene and Miocene are key periods in the formation of the modern topography and flora of East Asian and Indo-China. However, it is unclear how geological and climatic factors contributed to the high endemism and species richness of this region. The Quercus franchetii complex is widespread in the southeast Himalaya fringe and northern Indo-China with a long evolutionary history. It provides a unique proxy for studying the diversity pattern of evergreen woody lineages in this region since the Oligocene. In this study, we combined chloroplast (cpDNA) sequences, nuclear microsatellite loci (nSSRs), and species distribution modeling (SDM) to investigate the impacts of geological events on genetic diversity of the Q. franchetii complex. The results showed that the initial cpDNA haplotype divergence was estimated to occur during the middle Oligocene (30.7 Ma), which might have been raised by the tectonic activity at this episode to the Miocene. The nSSR results revealed two major groups of populations, the central Yunnan-Guizhou plateau (YGP) group and the peripheral distribution group when K = 2, in responding to the rapid YGP uplift during the late Miocene, which restricted gene flow between the populations in core and marginal areas. SDM analysis indicated that the distribution ranges of the Q. franchetii complex expanded northwards after the last glacial maximum, but the core distribution range in YGP was stable. Our results showed that the divergence of Q. franchetii complex is rooted in the mid-Oligocene. The early geological events during the Oligocene, and the late Miocene may play key roles to restrict seed-mediated gene flow among regions, but the pollen-mediated gene flow was less impacted. The uplifts of the YGP and the climate since LGM subsequently boosted the divergence of the populations in core and marginal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Zheng
- Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China
- School of Ecological Technique and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Long Jiang
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Qing-Jun Huang
- School of Ecological Technique and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Deng
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Chao CT, Kuo CC, Chang JT, Chai MW, Liao PC. Evolution of floral characters and biogeography of Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae): an example of breeding system shifts with inflorescence change. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21494. [PMID: 34728750 PMCID: PMC8563777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Heloniadeae (Melanthiaceae) presents an East Asia–North America disjunct distribution. Different molecular and morphological data nevertheless support the tribe as a monophyletic group. However, their phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history, together with the character evolution, are not clear. Therefore, we constructed a Bayesian phylogenetic tree for Heloniadeae using cpDNA and inferred the historical biogeography and floral character evolution. The results revealed that Heloniadeae was distributed in high-latitudes of East Asia and North America, originating since 22.2 mya. The East Asia clade migrated into southwest China, and subsequently colonized the Korean Peninsula, Taiwan, the Ryukyus, and spread northward to Japan and southern Sakhalin. The evolution of the inflorescence and number of flowers were phylogenetically conserved, associated with the historical biogeography of Heloniadeae. The inflorescences transferred from raceme to sub-umbel, and the number of flowers decreased during the dispersal process, which may be accompanied by changes in the breeding system. Besides, the anthesis period was more affected by the habitat environment than phylogenetic constraints. The flowering temperature of Heloniadeae was below 20 °C in most species, except H. kawanoi. Such a low temperature might not be conductive to pollinator activities, but it could be compensated by sustaining seed production with long-lasting flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ti Chao
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Tingchou Rd. Section 4, Wenshan District, Taipei City, 116, Taiwan.
| | - Chu-Chia Kuo
- Department of Biological Resources, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Hsuehfu Rd., Chiayi City, Chiayi County, 600, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Tse Chang
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Tingchou Rd. Section 4, Wenshan District, Taipei City, 116, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wei Chai
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Tingchou Rd. Section 4, Wenshan District, Taipei City, 116, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Liao
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Tingchou Rd. Section 4, Wenshan District, Taipei City, 116, Taiwan.
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Wambulwa MC, Milne R, Wu Z, Spicer RA, Provan J, Luo Y, Zhu G, Wang W, Wang H, Gao L, Li D, Liu J. Spatiotemporal maintenance of flora in the Himalaya biodiversity hotspot: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:10794-10812. [PMID: 34429882 PMCID: PMC8366862 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mountain ecosystems support a significant one-third of all terrestrial biodiversity, but our understanding of the spatiotemporal maintenance of this high biodiversity remains poor, or at best controversial. The Himalaya hosts a complex mountain ecosystem with high topographic and climatic heterogeneity and harbors one of the world's richest floras. The high species endemism, together with increasing anthropogenic threats, has qualified the Himalaya as one of the most significant global biodiversity hotspots. The topographic and climatic complexity of the Himalaya makes it an ideal natural laboratory for studying the mechanisms of floral exchange, diversification, and spatiotemporal distributions. Here, we review literature pertaining to the Himalaya in order to generate a concise synthesis of the origin, distribution, and climate change responses of the Himalayan flora. We found that the Himalaya supports a rich biodiversity and that the Hengduan Mountains supplied the majority of the Himalayan floral elements, which subsequently diversified from the late Miocene onward, to create today's relatively high endemicity in the Himalaya. Further, we uncover links between this Miocene diversification and the joint effect of geological and climatic upheavals in the Himalaya. There is marked variance regarding species dispersal, elevational gradients, and impact of climate change among plant species in the Himalaya, and our review highlights some of the general trends and recent advances on these aspects. Finally, we provide some recommendations for conservation planning and future research. Our work could be useful in guiding future research in this important ecosystem and will also provide new insights into the maintenance mechanisms underpinning other mountain systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses C. Wambulwa
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East AsiaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Department of Life SciencesSchool of Pure and Applied SciencesSouth Eastern Kenya UniversityKituiKenya
| | - Richard Milne
- Institute of Molecular Plant SciencesSchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Zeng‐Yuan Wu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Robert A. Spicer
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest EcologyXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXishuangbannaChina
- School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesUK
| | - Jim Provan
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural SciencesAberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
| | - Ya‐Huang Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East AsiaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Guang‐Fu Zhu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Wan‐Ting Wang
- Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Hong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East AsiaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Lian‐Ming Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East AsiaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - De‐Zhu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East AsiaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Jie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East AsiaKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
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Meng R, Meng Y, Yang YP, Nie ZL. Phylogeny and biogeography of Maianthemum (Asparagaceae: Nolinoideae) revisited with emphasis on its divergence pattern in SW China. PLANT DIVERSITY 2021; 43:93-101. [PMID: 33997541 PMCID: PMC8103418 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Maianthemum is a genus with more than 35 species from the tribe Polygonateae (Asparagaceae), widely distributed between North to Central Americas and eastern Asia with high diversity in the eastern Himalayas to the Hengduan Mountains of SW China. Although most species from SW China form a well-supported clade, phylogenetic relationships within this clade remain unclear. With a broad level of taxon sampling and an extensive character sampling from eight DNA regions, this study intends to revisit the phylogeny and biogeography of the genus to better understand the divergence patterns of species from SW China. Phylogenetic results suggested the monophyly of Maianthemum with recognition of nine strongly supported clades, but backbone relationships among these clades remained largely uncertain. For the SW China clade, individuals from the same species are grouped into different lineages. Our results revealed that the fast radiation of the SW China clade was occurred in the eastern Himalayas, followed by subsequent radiation in the Hengduan Mountains in the Pliocene. Intercontinental disjunctions of Maianthemum in the Northern Hemisphere appear to have occurred multiple times during the late Miocene to the Pliocene, likely resulted by a combination of both vicariance and long-distance dispersal events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Meng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biological Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Meng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biological Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Hunan, China
| | - Yong-Ping Yang
- Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Ze-Long Nie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biological Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Hunan, China
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Meng R, Luo LY, Zhang JY, Zhang DG, Nie ZL, Meng Y. The Deep Evolutionary Relationships of the Morphologically Heterogeneous Nolinoideae (Asparagaceae) Revealed by Transcriptome Data. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:584981. [PMID: 33519845 PMCID: PMC7840527 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.584981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The subfamily Nolinoideae of Asparagaceae is an extremely morphologically heterogeneous group, which is comprised of seven lineages, formerly known as Eriospermaceae, Polygonateae, Ophiopogoneae, Convallarieae, Ruscaceae s.s., Dracaenaceae, and Nolinaceae from different families or even orders. Their drastically divergent morphologies and low level of molecular resolution have hindered our understanding on their evolutionary history. To resolve reliable and clear phylogenetic relationships of the Nolinoideae, a phylogenetic study was conducted based on transcriptomic sequencing of 15 species representing all the seven lineages. A dataset containing up to 2,850,331 sites across 2,126 genes was analyzed using both concatenated and coalescent methods. Except for Eriospermum as outgroup, the transcriptomic data strongly resolved the remaining six lineages into two groups, one is a paraphyletic grade including the woody lineages of dracaenoids, ruscoids, and nolinoids and a monophyletic herbaceous clade. Within the herbaceous group, the Ophiopogoneae + Theropogon is sister to a clade that is composed of Convallarieae and the monophyletic Polygonateae. Our work provides a first robust deep relationship of the highly heterogeneous Nolinoideae and paves the way for further investigations of its complex evolution.
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The importance of the North Atlantic land bridges and eastern Asia in the post-Boreotropical biogeography of the Northern Hemisphere as revealed from the poison ivy genus (Toxicodendron, Anacardiaceae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 139:106561. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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10
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Xu LS, Herrando-Moraira S, Susanna A, Galbany-Casals M, Chen YS. Phylogeny, origin and dispersal of Saussurea (Asteraceae) based on chloroplast genome data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 141:106613. [PMID: 31525421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Saussurea is one of the largest genera of the tribe Cardueae of Asteraceae, comprising about 460 species from the Northern Hemisphere with most species distributed in QTPss and adjacent areas. Here, we established a well-supported phylogenetic framework for Saussurea based on whole chloroplast genomes of 136 taxa plus 16 additional taxa of Cardueae using Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood. Our phylogenetic results are inconsistent with previous subgeneric classifications of Saussurea. We nearly completely delimited subgen. Eriocoryne, and found that subgen. Theodorea, subgen. Saussurea section Laguranthera and Rosulascentes are closely related to each other. Based on our phylogenetic results, we performed biogeographic analyses and inferred that the genus Saussurea arose during early-middle Miocene within the Hengduan Mountains. We expect that landscape heterogeneity within the QTPss and adjacent areas, such as the Hengduan Mountains, played an important role in the evolution of Saussurea. Following its evolutionary origin, the genus underwent rapid diversification in situs and dispersed northwards in several migrational patterns. Both continuous uplift of the QTPss and adjacent areas as well as global cooling since mid-Miocene probably led to geographic expansion and diffusion of Saussurea, with the latter, in particular, resulting in the northward dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sonia Herrando-Moraira
- Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia, s.n., 08038 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Susanna
- Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia, s.n., 08038 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Galbany-Casals
- Systematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants (UAB) - Associated Unit to CSIC, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - You-Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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Using phylogenomics to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships within tribe Polygonateae (Asparagaceae), with a special focus on Polygonatum. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 129:202-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Fan WB, Wu Y, Yang J, Shahzad K, Li ZH. Comparative Chloroplast Genomics of Dipsacales Species: Insights Into Sequence Variation, Adaptive Evolution, and Phylogenetic Relationships. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:689. [PMID: 29875791 PMCID: PMC5974163 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In general, the chloroplast genomes of angiosperms are considered to be highly conserved and affected little by adaptive evolution. In this study, we tested this hypothesis based on sequence differentiation and adaptive variation in the plastid genomes in the order Dipsacales. We sequenced the plastid genomes of one Adoxaceae species and six Caprifoliaceae species, and together with seven previously released Dipsacales chloroplasts, we determined the sequence variations, evolutionary divergence of the plastid genomes, and phylogeny of Dipsacales species. The chloroplast genomes of Adoxaceae species ranged in size from 157,074 bp (Sinadoxa corydalifolia) to 158,305 bp (Sambucus williamsii), and the plastid genomes of Caprifoliaceae varied from 154,732 bp (Lonicera fragrantissima var. lancifolia) to 156,874 bp (Weigela florida). The differences in the number of genes in Caprifoliaceae and Adoxaceae species were largely due to the expansion and contraction of inverted repeat regions. In addition, we found that the number of dispersed repeats (Adoxaceae = 37; Caprifoliaceae = 384) was much higher than that of tandem repeats (Adoxaceae = 34; Caprifoliaceae = 291) in Dipsacales species. Interestingly, we determined 19 genes with positive selection sites, including three genes encoding ATP protein subunits (atpA, atpB, and atpI), four genes for ribosome protein small subunits (rps3, rps7, rps14, and rps15), four genes for photosystem protein subunits (psaA, psaJ, psbC, and pabK), two genes for ribosome protein large subunits (rpl22 and rpl32), and the clpP, infA, matK, rbcL, ycf1, and ycf2 genes. These gene regions may have played key roles in the adaptation of Dipsacales to diverse environments. In addition, phylogenetic analysis based on the plastid genomes strongly supported the division of 14 Dipsacales species into two previously recognized sections. The diversification of Adoxaceae and Caprifoliaceae was dated to the late Cretaceous and Tertiary periods. The availability of these chloroplast genomes provides useful genetic information for studying taxonomy, phylogeny, and species evolution in Dipsacales.
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Sun H, Zhang J, Deng T. Origins and evolution of plant diversity in the Hengduan Mountains, China. PLANT DIVERSITY 2017; 39:161-166. [PMID: 30159507 PMCID: PMC6112316 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
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Zhang X, Zhou T, Kanwal N, Zhao Y, Bai G, Zhao G. Completion of Eight Gynostemma BL. (Cucurbitaceae) Chloroplast Genomes: Characterization, Comparative Analysis, and Phylogenetic Relationships. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1583. [PMID: 28955369 PMCID: PMC5600969 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Gynostemma BL., belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae, is a genus containing 17 creeping herbaceous species mainly distributed in East Asia. It can be divided into two subgenera based on different fruit morphology. Herein, we report eight complete chloroplast genome sequences of the genus Gynostemma, which were obtained by Illumina paired-end sequencing, assembly, and annotation. The length of the eight complete cp genomes ranged from 157,576 bp (G. pentaphyllum) to 158,273 bp (G. laxiflorum). Each encoded 133 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, eight rRNA genes, and one pseudogene. The four types of repeated sequences had been discovered and indicated that the repeated structure for species in the Subgen. Triostellum was greater than that for species in the Subgen. Gynostemma. The percentage of variation of the eight cp genomes in different regions were calculated, which demonstrated that the coding and inverted repeats regions were highly conserved. Phylogenetic analysis based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods strongly supported the phylogenetic position of the genus Gynostemma as a member of family Cucurbitaceae. The phylogenetic relationships among the eight species were clearly resolved using the complete cp genome sequences in this study. It will also provide potential molecular markers and candidate DNA barcodes for future studies and enrich the valuable complete cp genome resources of Cucurbitaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
| | - Nazish Kanwal
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
| | - Yuemei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
- College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Engineering, Shangluo UniversityShangluo, China
| | - Guoqing Bai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
- Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Provence, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi ProvenceXi'an, China
| | - Guifang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Northwest UniversityXi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Guifang Zhao
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Wang JJ, Yang YP, Sun H, Wen J, Deng T, Nie ZL, Meng Y. The Biogeographic South-North Divide of Polygonatum (Asparagaceae Tribe Polygonateae) within Eastern Asia and Its Recent Dispersals in the Northern Hemisphere. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166134. [PMID: 27812188 PMCID: PMC5094755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Eastern Asia (EA) is a key region for the diversification of flowering plants in the Northern Hemisphere, but few studies have focused on the biogeographic history within EA in the context of the other northern continents. Polygonatum is an important medicinal genus widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere with its highest species richness in EA, and it represents an excellent model for studying the evolution of biogeographic patterns in this region. Divergence time estimation was used to examine the biogeographic history of Polygonatum based on nuclear ITS and four plastid sequences (rbcL, matK, psbA-trnH and trnC-petN) from 30 Polygonatum species and 35 outgroup taxa. The ancestral area of Polygonatum and subsequent dispersal routes were inferred using Bayes-Lagrange. Polygonatum was estimated to have originated in southern EA during the middle Miocene (14.34-13.57 Ma) with subsequent south-to-north expansion in the late Miocene. Multiple intercontinental dispersal events were inferred between EA and Europe or North America, and all of them have occurred recently in the late Miocene to Pliocene. The separation of Polygonatum into the south and north lineages and their subsequent diversifications in the late Miocene supports the existence of a biogeographic divide between the northern and southern parts of EA that also coincides with the retreat and redevelopment of the arid zone in EA in the Neogene. Our results demonstrate the complexity of biogeographic history of Polygonatum in the Northern Hemisphere including early vicariance followed by frequent and recent dispersals in the Neogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China
| | - Yong-Ping Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, United States of America
| | - Tao Deng
- Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Ze-Long Nie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China
- * E-mail: (ZLN); (YM)
| | - Ying Meng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China
- * E-mail: (ZLN); (YM)
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Li QQ, Zhou SD, Huang DQ, He XJ, Wei XQ. Molecular phylogeny, divergence time estimates and historical biogeography within one of the world's largest monocot genera. AOB PLANTS 2016; 8:plw041. [PMID: 27339054 PMCID: PMC4976397 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plw041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A primary aim of historical biogeography is to identify the causal factors or processes that have shaped the composition and distribution of biotas over time. Another is to infer the evolution of geographic ranges of species and clades in a phylogenetic context. To this end, historical biogeography addresses important questions such as: Where were ancestors distributed? Where did lineages originate? Which processes cause geographic ranges to evolve through time? Allium subgenus Anguinum comprises approximately twelve taxa with a disjunct distribution in the high mountains from south-western Europe to eastern Asia and in northeastern North America. Although both the systematic position and the geographical limits of Anguinum have been identified, to date no molecular systematic study has been performed utilizing a comprehensive sampling of these species. With an emphasis on the Anguinum eastern Asian geographical group, the goals of the present study were: (i) to infer species-level phylogenetic relationships within Anguinum, (ii) to assess molecular divergence and estimated the times of the major splits in Anguinum and (iii) to trace the biogeographic history of the subgenus. Four DNA sequences (ITS, matK, trnH-psbA, rps16) were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of Allium subgen. Anguinum RbcL sequences were used to estimate divergences time for Allium, and sequences of ITS were used to estimate the divergence times for Anguinum and its main lineages and to provide implications for the evolutionary history of the subgenus. Phylogenetic analyses for all Allium corroborate that Anguinum is monophyletic and indicate that Anguinum is composed of two sister groups: one with a Eurasian-American distribution, and the other restricted to eastern Asia. In the eastern Asian geographical group, incongruence between gene trees and morphology-based taxonomies was recovered as was incongruence between data from plastid and nuclear sequences. This incongruence is likely due to the combined effects of a recent radiation, incomplete lineage sorting, and hybridization/introgression. Divergence time estimates suggest that the crown group of Anguinum originated during the late Miocene (ca. 7.16 Mya) and then diverged and dispersed. Biogeographic analyses using statistical dispersal-vicariance analysis (S-DIVA) and a likelihood method support an eastern Asia origin of Anguinum It is inferred that in the late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene, with cooling climates and the uplift of the Himalayas and Hengduan Mountains, the ancestor of the eastern Asian alliance clade underwent a very recent radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Qin Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, MOE, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Sichuan College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China Inner Mongolia
| | - Song-Dong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, MOE, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Sichuan
| | - De-Qing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, MOE, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Sichuan
| | - Xing-Jin He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, MOE, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Sichuan
| | - Xian-Qin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, MOE, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Sichuan
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Deng T, Nie ZL, Drew BT, Volis S, Kim C, Xiang CL, Zhang JW, Wang YH, Sun H. Does the Arcto-Tertiary biogeographic hypothesis explain the disjunct distribution of Northern Hemisphere herbaceous plants? The case of Meehania (Lamiaceae). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117171. [PMID: 25658699 PMCID: PMC4319762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable progress, many details regarding the evolution of the Arcto-Tertiary flora, including the timing, direction, and relative importance of migration routes in the evolution of woody and herbaceous taxa of the Northern Hemisphere, remain poorly understood. Meehania (Lamiaceae) comprises seven species and five subspecies of annual or perennial herbs, and is one of the few Lamiaceae genera known to have an exclusively disjunct distribution between eastern Asia and eastern North America. We analyzed the phylogeny and biogeographical history of Meehania to explore how the Arcto-Tertiary biogeographic hypothesis and two possible migration routes explain the disjunct distribution of Northern Hemisphere herbaceous plants. Parsimony and Bayesian inference were used for phylogenetic analyses based on five plastid sequences (rbcL, rps16, rpl32-trnH, psbA-trnH, and trnL-F) and two nuclear (ITS and ETS) gene regions. Divergence times and biogeographic inferences were performed using Bayesian methods as implemented in BEAST and S-DIVA, respectively. Analyses including 11 of the 12 known Meehania taxa revealed incongruence between the chloroplast and nuclear trees, particularly in the positions of Glechoma and Meehania cordata, possibly indicating allopolyploidy with chloroplast capture in the late Miocene. Based on nrDNA, Meehania is monophyletic, and the North American species M. cordata is sister to a clade containing the eastern Asian species. The divergence time between the North American M. cordata and the eastern Asian species occurred about 9.81 Mya according to the Bayesian relaxed clock methods applied to the combined nuclear data. Biogeographic analyses suggest a primary role of the Arcto-Tertiary flora in the study taxa distribution, with a northeast Asian origin of Meehania. Our results suggest an Arcto-Tertiary origin of Meehania, with its present distribution most probably being a result of vicariance and southward migrations of populations during climatic oscillations in the middle Miocene with subsequent migration into eastern North America via the Bering land bridge in the late Miocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Deng
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ze-Long Nie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
| | - Bryan T. Drew
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Sergei Volis
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Changkyun Kim
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chun-Lei Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian-Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yue-Hua Wang
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Wen J, Zhang JQ, Nie ZL, Zhong Y, Sun H. Evolutionary diversifications of plants on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Front Genet 2014; 5:4. [PMID: 24575120 PMCID: PMC3921583 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) is the highest and one of the most extensive plateaus in the world. Phylogenetic, phylogeographic, and ecological studies support plant diversifications on the QTP through multiple mechanisms such as allopatric speciation via geographic isolation, climatic oscillations and divergences, pollinator-mediated isolation, diploid hybridization and introgression, and allopolyploidy. These mechanisms have driven spectacular radiations and/or species diversifications in various groups of plants such as Pedicularis L., Saussurea DC., Rhododendron L., Primula L., Meconopsis Vig., Rhodiola L., and many lineages of gymnosperms. Nevertheless, much work is needed toward understanding the evolutionary mechanisms of plant diversifications on the QTP. Well-sampled biogeographic analyses of the QTP plants in the broad framework of the Northern Hemisphere as well as the Southern Hemisphere are still relatively few and should be encouraged in the next decade. This paper reviews recent evidence from phylogenetic and biogeographic studies in plants, in the context of rapid radiations, mechanisms of species diversifications on the QTP, and the biogeographic significance of the QTP in the broader context of both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere biogeography. Integrative multidimensional analyses of phylogeny, morphological innovations, geography, ecology, development, species interactions and diversifications, and geology are needed and should shed insights into the patterns of evolutionary assembly and radiations in this fascinating region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wen
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Ze-Long Nie
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, China
| | - Yang Zhong
- Institute of Biodiversity Science and Geobiology, Tibet University Lhasa, China ; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming, China
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Ali SS, Pfosser M, Wetschnig W, Martínez-Azorín M, Crespo MB, Yu Y. Out of Africa: Miocene dispersal, vicariance, and extinction within Hyacinthaceae subfamily Urgineoideae. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 55:950-964. [PMID: 23675765 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Disjunct distribution patterns in plant lineages are usually explained according to three hypotheses: vicariance, geodispersal, and long-distance dispersal. The role of these hypotheses is tested in Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae), a subfamily disjunctly distributed in Africa, Madagascar, India, and the Mediterranean region. The potential ancestral range, dispersal routes, and factors responsible for the current distribution in Urgineoideae are investigated using divergence time estimations. Urgineoideae originated in Southern Africa approximately 48.9 Mya. Two independent dispersal events in the Western Mediterranean region possibly occurred during Early Oligocene and Miocene (29.9-8.5 Mya) via Eastern and Northwestern Africa. A dispersal from Northwestern Africa to India could have occurred between 16.3 and 7.6 Mya. Vicariance and extinction events occurred approximately 21.6 Mya. Colonization of Madagascar occurred between 30.6 and 16.6 Mya, after a single transoceanic dispersal event from Southern Africa. The current disjunct distributions of Urgineoideae are not satisfactorily explained by Gondwana fragmentation or dispersal via boreotropical forests, due to the younger divergence time estimates. The flattened winged seeds of Urgineoideae could have played an important role in long-distance dispersal by strong winds and big storms, whereas geodispersal could have also occurred from Southern Africa to Asia and the Mediterranean region via the so-called arid and high-altitude corridors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shujait Ali
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University Graz, Graz, A-8010, Austria; Biocenter Linz, Linz, A-4040, Austria; Institute of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan
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Phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of the Sino-Himalayan endemic genus Cyananthus (Campanulaceae) and implications for the evolution of its sexual system. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2013; 68:482-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nie ZL, Sun H, Manchester SR, Meng Y, Luke Q, Wen J. Evolution of the intercontinental disjunctions in six continents in the Ampelopsis clade of the grape family (Vitaceae). BMC Evol Biol 2012; 12:17. [PMID: 22316163 PMCID: PMC3299610 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Ampelopsis clade (Ampelopsis and its close allies) of the grape family Vitaceae contains ca. 43 species disjunctly distributed in Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Africa, and Australia, and is a rare example to study both the Northern and the Southern Hemisphere intercontinental disjunctions. We reconstruct the temporal and spatial diversification of the Ampelopsis clade to explore the evolutionary processes that have resulted in their intercontinental disjunctions in six continents. RESULTS The Bayesian molecular clock dating and the likelihood ancestral area analyses suggest that the Ampelopsis clade most likely originated in North America with its crown group dated at 41.2 Ma (95% HPD 23.4-61.0 Ma) in the middle Eocene. Two independent Laurasian migrations into Eurasia are inferred to have occurred in the early Miocene via the North Atlantic land bridges. The ancestor of the Southern Hemisphere lineage migrated from North America to South America in the early Oligocene. The Gondwanan-like pattern of intercontinental disjunction is best explained by two long-distance dispersals: once from South America to Africa estimated at 30.5 Ma (95% HPD 16.9-45.9 Ma), and the other from South America to Australia dated to 19.2 Ma (95% HPD 6.7-22.3 Ma). CONCLUSIONS The global disjunctions in the Ampelopsis clade are best explained by a diversification model of North American origin, two Laurasian migrations, one migration into South America, and two post-Gondwanan long-distance dispersals. These findings highlight the importance of both vicariance and long distance dispersal in shaping intercontinental disjunctions of flowering plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Long Nie
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Steven R Manchester
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ying Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Quentin Luke
- East African Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi 00502, Kenya
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA
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